Bateras

The surface ships, as mentioned in paragraph devoted to the electrical system, batteries are needed to feed the electronics and will properly stored in a compartment for that purpose. But here we will talk about the batteries in submersibles. The batteries used during the Second World War were lead and internal arrangement was that of the figure below.

The outline of the left as we are willing plates of a battery: The plates are orange lead and their polarity is positive. The plates are yellow tabs of a plastic insulating material that prevent the plates can be active play. The plates are blue lead oxide negative polarity. Small rectangles attached to the plates by lines represent the terminals, in orange the positive terminal to terminal in blue negative. The package is immersed in the electrolyte sulfuric acid and distilled water and placed inside a box of Bakelite, rubber, plastic or even wood, the depth and the inside walls of the box are made of rubber to absorb shock and vibration.

Take a lid or plastic cover that can be reinforced with fiberglass or other insulating material and the lid are openings for the exit of the terminals, in some cases an indicator of density to control the burden and a cap for service add water if the low level of electrolyte, normal thing when we consider that during loading and discharging water containing the electrolyte, is evaporated by heat. Access to the battery compartments were made of hatches and were in different compartments above (kitchen, chamber officers and NCOs). Access is carried out through a kind of platform, called service platform, travelling from bow to stern with some wheels, which slipped by a few angles that made the rails sometimes used these platforms to carry out Any repairs or to mandatory and regular maintenance.

In the next photo we see part of a battery compartment of a submarine with connections and partially the vehicle service

1 - Group of power cables from the batteries outward 2 - Bridges connection between batteries 3 - Batteries

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angle that acts as a rail car service Wheel of vehicle service angular Support Service Vehicle Vehicle Service

When the submersible submersibles to having to use a high power for propulsion with electric motors or when put to charge the batteries temperature in the compartment needed to be increased and which is cooled to a line used to effect ventilation.

Ventilation tubes from compartments Vvulas butterfly closure ventilation Coupling between valves and tubes toward the fans Plaques identifying compartments Tubes toward fans

Process chemical loading and unloading of batteries The accumulator battery or electrical power, consists of a plastic or Bakelite within which carries a plaque placed on an alternative. These plates are 1 st lead, 2-fifth of an insulating material, 3 of lead oxide. In turn, these plates are submerged in a chemical solution called electrolyte. Such a solution or electrolyte is composed of 3 parts of sulphuric acid SO4H2 and 8 parts water H2O. The battery life is basa in the phenomenon of electrolysis. In repose, the battery goes by downloading the effect of an internal power movement, which occurs in more or fewer in all batteries, batteries. When the download starts, the hydrogen atoms of sulphuric acid, tend to combine with oxygen atoms of lead oxide, to form water (during this process reduces the density of the electrolyte to increase the percentage of water). In turn atoms of oxygen and sulfur sulfuric acid, combined with lead plates to form lead sulphate SO4PB. This process, while unloading the battery, creates a chemical balance between plates, which makes the battery is discharged when its composition is equal. During the loading process becomes the initial situation, leaving only a plaque composed of lead and lead oxide by another, becoming the electrolyte sulphuric acid which increases to turn back the density of electrolyte. The loading process is especially dangerous because it emerged during hydrogen gas, which are highly explosive in combination with oxygen from the air, so any spark can cause an explosion. This risk is even greater in enclosed premises. Her other cause of danger is the production of toxic gases. In contact with seawater are caused by the abundant composition of chemicals dissolved in water such as chlorine or sodium especially the first. The surface ships used batteries that are housed in a paol for the operation of their electronic equipment. During World War II submersibles and submarines used for propulsion Immersion batteries connected in series or parallel, in addition to the dangers already exposed, providing little power with low speeds and during a relatively short time, which sometimes gave the submarine little chance to escape their pursuers. That led to seek alternative forms of propulsion and ways to solve the problem, leading to the rediscovery of snorkeling, which was a device equipped with valves that allowed to use diesel engines in immersion, thus more likely to flee the submarine in critical situations.

The water from the electrolyte is gradually evaporating with the use and must be filled with distilled water or rainwater, never with acid or tap water is dangerous to do so. That goes for the old batteries, electrolyte lead with sulfuric acid at present the composition of the new batteries that last longer ago and therefore fail when the solution is changing the same Disposal of batteries In the picture we see the following three sections of the battery compartment and as such batteries were stowed in it.

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Old abroad Old resistant Tacos and wedges for linings and ensure batteries compact Batteries Vehicle service for maintenance or repairs evenuales battery

6 - Angular-rail vehicle for service 7 - suction pipe for ventilation compartment batteries 8 - hatches access to the battery compartment 9 - air inlet pipe for ventilation compartment batteries 10 - battery compartment 11 - Base-support batteries 12 - Notebook 13 - Flat or deck

Acknowledgments: The web of U-story thanks to Gabriel Mansilla, Jose Miguel Gil Fernandez and Jose Ignacio Lopez Pasamar, managers Web http://www.de1939a1945.bravepages.com/ for allowing the article on the chemical process of the batteries whose author is Mediavilla (author to turn around the paragraph tour) is published by this page.

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