STRUCTURAL Design Criteria

TABLE OF CONTENT
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 CODES, STANDARDS AND PUBLICATIONS ...................................................... 2 Loads ........................................................................................................................... 2 Dead Loads ................................................................................................................. 2 Live Loads .................................................................................................................. 2 Seismic Loads ............................................................................................................. 2 GEOTECHNICAL DETAILED DESIGN REQUIRMENT and SOIL DESIGN PARAMETERS .......................................................................................................... 3 1.7 LOAD COMBINATIONS .......................................................................................... 3 1.9.1 FACTORES LOAD COMBINATIONS FOR DESIGNING STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS (ACI 318m-05): .......................................................... 3 1.9.2 WORKING LOAD COMBINATIONS FOR FOUNDATIONS DESIGN (ASCE 7-05): ............................................................................................................... 3 1.8 COMPUTER SOFTWARE ........................................................................................ 4 1.9 serviceability ............................................................................................................... 5 1.10 OUTLINE SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................................. 6 1.10.1 Reinforced Concrete ................................................................................... 6 1.10.2 Structural Steel ............................................................................................. 1.10.3 Pre-stressing Concrete ................................................................................ 6 1.10.4 Concrete Masonry ...................................................................................... 7 1.11 FIRE PROTECTION .................................................................................................. 7 1.11.1 Steel structures .......................................................................................... 1.11.2 Concrete Structures ................................................................................ 7 1.12 WATER PROOFING SYSTEM ................................................................................ 8 1.13 STRUCTURAL DESIGN STANDARD .................................................................... 8 1.14 STRUCTURAL SYSTEM.......................................................................................... 9 1.15 DESIGN PROCEDURE: ............................................................................................ 9 1.16 STRUCTURAL MODELING AND DESIGN:........................................................ 10

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA

1.1

CODES, STANDARDS AND PUBLICATIONS

American Concrete Institute, Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete (ACI 318m 05). International Building Code (IBC-2006) American Society for Civil Engineers (ASCE 7-05). ACI Detailing Manual-2004 Notes on ACI 318, Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete with Design Applications, Portland cement Association, (PCA)

1.2 1.3

LOADS DEAD LOADS

22.6 15.0 24.0 22.6 26.7 28.7 77.0 19.0 22.6 16.0 21.6 1.00 1.50 1.50 3.00 4.00 kN/m3 kN/m3 kN/m3 kN/m3 kN/m3 kN/m3 kN/m3 kN/m3 kN/m3 kN/m3 kN/m3 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

Blinding concrete Lightweight concrete Reinforced concrete Mortar Marble Granite Steel Sand or gravel Asphalt Block work Brickwork Hanging load (mech., elect. etc.) Flooring (screed) Light Partitions Partitions (Brickwork 150mm) Partitions (Brickwork 200mm)

1.4

LIVE LOADS
10.0 5.00 7.50 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

Upper parking Lower parking Mechanical or electrical rooms

1.5

SEISMIC LOADS

Seismic zone shall be one for this project site.

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA

1.6

GEOTECHNICAL DETAILED DESIGN REQUIRMENT AND SOIL DESIGN PARAMETERS

A- Adequate geotechnical investigation for each structure to the owner representatives satisfaction that would enable the complete and adequate characterization of the geotechnical conditions and define the engineering properties for all subsurface layers at the location that may be effect the structure. B- Calculation for the safe bearing capacity satisfying stability and serviceability requirements according to international codes and norms. C-Pavement design according to international codes and norms. D-Protection measurement for foundation against the soil/rock chemical aggressiveness as determined by adequate chemical analysis for soils, rocks and ground water to the owner representatives satisfaction. E-The documents in the paragraph above apply to geotechnical works as well. F-Any other document needed for the proper design and execution of the project. G-The lateral pressure, coefficients, allowable soil bearing capacities, angles of internal friction and all other parameters relevant to the structural design will be taken from the Soil Investigation Report. H-Depth of foundation shall be at least at level (-619.0 m).The allowable bearing capacity shall be as per size and shape of the footing as indicated in the soil report.

1.7

LOAD COMBINATIONS FOR

(9-1) (9-2) (9-4) (9-6)

1.7.1 FACTORES LOAD COMBINATIONS STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS (ACI 318m-05):

1. 2. 3. 4. U U U U = = = = 1.4D 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.2T + 1.6H 1.2D + 1.0L 1.6W 0.9D 1.0W + 1.6H

DESIGNING

1.7.2 WORKING LOAD COMBINATIONS DESIGN (ASCE 7-05):

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. U=D U=D+L+H+T U=D+HW U = D + H 0.75W + 0.75L U = 0.6D + H W

FOR

FOUNDATIONS

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA

1.8

COMPUTER SOFTWARE

SAP2000 V12, ETABS V9 AND SAFE V8 Programs PCA Programs MS Excel Program Prokon Program

S-CONCRETE Program

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA

1.9

SERVICEABILITY

The maximum permissible computed deflection will be computed in according with ACI 318-02 code, table 9.5(b) as per the following:

Type of member Flat roofs not supporting or attached to non-structural elements likely to be damaged by large deflections Floors not supporting or attached to nonstructural elements likely to be damaged by large deflections Roof or floor construction supporting or attached to nonstructural elements likely to be damaged by large deflections Roof or floor construction supporting or attached to nonstructural elements not likely to be damaged by large deflections

Deflection to be Ced Deflection limitation onsidered Immediate deflection due to L / 180 live load L

Immediate deflection due to L/360 live load L

That part of the total L/480 deflection occurring after attachment of nonstructural elements (sum of the longterm deflection due to all sustained loads and the L /240 immediate deflection due to any additional live load)

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA

1.10 OUTLINE SPECIFICATIONS

1.10.1 Reinforced Concrete A- Concrete All Reinforced Concrete work shall conform to ACI 318m-05 specifications. All concrete will be hard rock and will have the following minimum compressive cylinder strength at 28 days: Concrete Class Design fc(MPa) Location and type of construction All pre-cast concrete structures All cast in place concrete (super structure) Unreinforced concrete & slab on grade Lean or concrete blinding

40

30

20

20

B- Cement Type A-Portland cement type I for all structures more than 1 meter above grade. B-Portland cement type I with microsilica for all structures below grade and upto 1 meter above grade. C-Sulfate resistant cement type V for blinding concrete. C-Reinforcing Steel 1-All reinforcement shall be grade 60 (420 MPa) deformed bars conforming to the requirements of ASTM A615 and meet bend requirement of ASTM A617. 2-Welded wire fabric - conforming to ASTM A185. 1.10.2 Pre-stressing Concrete The concrete shall have a 28 days cylindrical compressive strength of 50MPa. A-Cement Ordinary Portland cement shall conform to specification for Portland cement, ASTM C150 Type I. B-Reinforcement All reinforcement shall be deformed high tensile steel having minimum yield strength FY=420 N/mm2 and shall conform to ASTM A615 and meet the requirement of ASTM A617.

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA

C-Pre-stressing Strands Pre-stressing strands shall be low relaxation seven-wire grade 250 ksi minimum ultimate stress.

1.10.3 Concrete Masonry

Concrete masonry units shall be Type I, Grade N with minimum compressive strength at 28 days of fm= 13.8 MPa. Mortar shall be Type N for interior walls or Type S for exterior walls. Grout shall have a minimum compressive strength at 28 days fg = 13.8 MPa.

1.11 FIRE PROTECTION

1.11.1 Concrete Structures Concrete cover and minimum section dimensions are chosen to satisfy the fire endurance requirement of at- least two hours.Vaule of cover are determined as per the UBC code 1997 Table 7-A Item Sub-item Fire Endurance (Hours) Minimum concrete cover reinforcement (mm) Beams Reinforced concrete (simply supported) Reinforced concrete (Continuous) Pre-stressed concrete (simply supported) 2 63.5 2 50

50

Pre-stressed concrete (Continuous) Slabs Reinforced concrete (simply supported) Reinforced concrete

55

35

25

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA

(Continuous)

Pre-stressed concrete (simply supported)

40

Pre-stressed concrete (Continuous) Columns Reinforced concrete Reinforced concrete

35

35

Walls

25

1.12 WATER PROOFING SYSTEM

1. under Plain Concrete 300 Micron Poly Ethylene sheets covering the area of the plain concrete and its sides, including the top of the plain concrete beside reinforced concrete foundation. 2 Reinforced concrete Foundation sides, Buried columns &Buried walls :( in of no ground water table) a. 3. Two coating of Bituminous Emulsion Paint. Water proofing membrane sheet under and around water tanks and in case of ground water table existing: Water proofing membrane of thickness 4 mm, self adhesive type SBS, with minimum elongation of 200% with 18 mm Protection Board covering the Poly Ethylene Sheets before backfilling. 1. Wet areas water proofing membrane: Water proofing membrane sheets minimum thickness 4mm, with reinforced core of 220 mgm.

1.13 STRUCTURAL DESIGN STANDARD

Structural Calculations Guidelines A. B. Structural calculations shall be performed using currently accepted methods of analysis and design. Structural analysis and design shall incorporate all gravity loads, lateral loads/forces and static equivalent forces imposed upon the structure, including

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA

design live loads. Lateral forces consist of loadings from wind, earthquake, sway, impact, and lateral soil pressures. Static equivalent loads shall include earthquake loading. C. D. Loading combinations shall follow current acceptable standards. Structural calculations shall be performed in a neatly organized and orderly fashion. All pages shall be fully titled and sequentially numbered and all volumes appropriately indexed. References to engineering analysis and design books shall be noted where occurring. Structural calculations performed by computer shall be organized, indexed and sufficiently identified on input forms and output data such that all data can be collated. Programs descriptions shall include the principles of analysis used in the programs. Programs used shall be sufficiently documented that input data and output data is readily understandable.

E.

1.14 STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

i. Structural Framing

Structural elements e.g. slabs, beams columns and footings are combined in various ways to create structural systems for buildings and other construction space. For the selection of a suitable framing system for a building, the determining factors are:

Appearance, functional & aesthetic requirements. Limitations on the size of structural members as imposed by architectural design and practical constraints on the basis of structural considerations. Clear spans and height required. Loads, including special loads. Availability of materials, skilled labour and construction equipments. Integration of structure with respect to architectural details, mechanical equipment, occupancy requirements etc. Economy, not merely in structural frame but also the overall economy in the finished structure.

Considering above factors the structural system adopted for this project shall consist of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete columns and beams and joists and pre-cast double T slab with thickness (900) mm.

1.15 DESIGN PROCEDURE:

The building will be made of one way ribbed & double-T Slabs, beams and columns .The primary material for construction for the building is reinforced concrete. Building foundations will be designed as per recommendations of soil investigation report. The depth and sizes of the foundations will be finalized based on the structure reactions and the results of soil investigations.

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA

All applicable codes and specifications mentioned in the design criteria will be followed. The building structures will be analyzed through computer software such as SAP2000 or ETABS.

1.16 STRUCTURAL MODELING AND DESIGN:

The structure modeled in 3D, beams and columns are represented as frame elements. Flat slabs are represented as shell elements while two way slabs and solid slabs are represent as shell elements (shell type). double T slabs are represented as shell elements (membrane type). Design calculations for all structural components were prepared as per relevant codes and specifications as listed in the design criteria.

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