SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEBANGSAAN TANAH PUTIH

25100,KUANTAN,PAHANG
ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS PROJECT WORK 2/2013 INDEX NUMBER IN OUR DAILY LIFE

NAME:TAN TAI YUNG I/C NO:960602-06-5855 CLASS:5S3 TEACHER:PN.TAN BEE KIM

OBJECTIVES
We students talking Additional Mathematics are required to carry out a project work while We are in Form 5.This year the Curriculum Development Division,Ministry of Education has prepared four tasks for us. We are to choose and complete only ONE task based on our area of interest.This project can be done in groups or individually,but each of us are expected to submit an individually written report.Upon completion of the Additional Mathematics Project Work,we are to gain valuable experiences and able to: -Apply and adapt a variety of problems solving strategies to solve rountine and non-routine problems. - Experience classroom environments which are challenging,interesting and meaningful and hence improve their thinking skills. -Experience classroom enviroments where knowledge and skills are applied in meaningful ways in solving real-life problems. -Experience classroom enviroments where expressing ones mathematical thinking,reasoning and communication are highly encouraged and expected. -Experience classroom enviroments that stimulates and enhances effective learning. -Acquire effective mathematical communication through ora and writing,and to use the language of mathematics to express mathematical ideas ccorrectly and precisely. -Enhance acquisition of mathematical knowledge and skills through problem-solving in ways that increase interest and confidence. -Prepare ourselves for the demand of our future undertalkings and in workplace. -Realise that mathematics is an important and powerful tool in solving real-life problems and hence develop positive attitude towards mathematics.

-Train ourselves not only to be independent learners but also to collaborate,to cooperate,and to share knowledge in am engaging and healthy environment. -Use technology especially in the ICT appropriately and effectlvely. -Train ourselves to appreciate the intrinsic values of mathematics and to become more creative and innovative. -Realize the importance and the beauty of mathematics.

Foreward
First of all,I would like to say thank you for giving me the strength and health to do this project work.Not forgotten my parents for providing everything,such as money,to buy anythingthat are related to this project work and their advice,which is the most need for this project. Internet, books, computers, and etc.They also supported me and encouraged me to complete this tasks so that I will not procrastinate in doing it.Then I would like to thank my teacher,Pn.Tan Bee Kim for guiding me and my friends throughout this project.We head some difficulties in doing this task,but she taught us patiently until we knew what to do.She tried and tried to teach us until we understand what we supposed to do with the project work.Last but not least,my friends who were doing this project with me and sharing our ideas.They were helpful that when we combined and discussed together.We had this task done.

INTRODUCTION
HISTORY OF INDEX NUMBER Index numbers are meant to study the change in the effects if such factors which cannot be neasured directly.According to Bowley.Index numbers are used to measure the changes in some quantity which we cannot observe directly.For example,changes in business activity in a country are not capable of direct measurement but it is possible to study relative changes in business activity by studying the variations in thevalues of some such factors which effect business activity,and which are capable of direct measurement. Index numbers are commonly used statistical device for measuring the combined fluctuations in a group related variables.If we wish to compare the price level of consumer items today with that prevalent ten years ago,we are not interested in comparing the prices of only one item,but in comparing some sort of average price levels.We may wish to compare the present agricultural production or industrial production with that at the time of independence.Here again,we have to consider all items of production and each item may have undergone a different fractional increase(or even a decrease). How do we obtain a composite measure?This composite measure is provided by index numbers which may be defined as a device for combining the variations that have come in group of related variables over a period of time,with a view to obtain a figure that represents the net result of the change in the constitute variables. Index numbers may be classified in terms of the variables that they are intented to measure.In business,different groups of variables in the measurement of which index number techniques are commonly used are (i)price,(ii)quantity,(iii)value and(iv) business activity.Thus,we have index of wholesale prices,index of consumer prices,index of industrial output,index of value of exports and index of business activity,etc. Here we shall be mainly interested in index numbers of prices showing changes with respect to time, although methods described can be applied to other cases. In general, the present level of prices is compared with the level of prices in the past. The present period is called the current period and some period in the past is called the base period. Index Numbers: Index numbers are statistical measure designed to show changes in a variable or group of related variables with respect to time,geographic location or other characteristic such as income,profession, etc. A collection of index numbers for different years,locations, etc, is sometimes called an index

series. Simple Index Number: A simple index number is a number that measures a relative change in a single variable with respect to a base. Composite Index Number: A composite index number is a number that measures an everage relatives changes in a group of relative variables with respect to a base.

PART 1
The price goods in vary from shop to of shop one

another.Shoppers tend to buy goods which are not reasonably price but also give value for their money.

only

You are required to carry out a survey on four different items based on the following categories:food, detergent and stationery.The survey should be done in three different shop. Part 1(a) Collect picture, newspaper cutting or photos on item that you have chosen. Design collage to illustrate the chosen item. FOOD

DETERGENT

STATIONERY

Part 1(b) Record the item and their prices systematically as such in Table 1.Since item may be differently packed,be sure to use consistent measurements for each item selected so that comparison can be done easily and accurately.

The data in the table below is only serve as REFFERENCE to you:

Category Food

Detergent

Stationery

Item Egg Wholeleg Broccoli Mushroom Total Price Washing Soap Washing Powder Liquid Bleach Softener Total Price Correction Pen Permanent Marker Pen Highlighter Grand Total

AEON Big 3.30 9.40 5.50 40.50 58.70 4.50 19.00 6.50 4.00 34.00 4.70 2.50 2.00 3.50 105.4

GIant 3.60 9.00 4.70 47.70 65.00 4.00 21.00 5.90 4.60 35.50 4.30 3.00 2.30 3.30 113.4

The Store 3.50 9.70 5.00 43.50 61.70 3.80 20.50 7.00 4.30 35.60 5.30 3.50 2.50 3.20 111.8

Part 1 (c) Create at least two suitable graphical representations (the use of ICT is encouraged) to compare contrast the price of the item chosen.
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Food Detergent Stationery

Aeon Big Giant The Store

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Food Detergent Stationery

Aeon Big Giant The Store

Part 1 (d) Based on the graphical representations that you have constructed in part 1(c), interpret, discuss and draw a raw consclusion. Comment on your findings. Based on the graphical representations that I have constructed in Part 1(c), it is shown that there are large and small difference among the prices of items in each category between the shops. In the food category,the smallest price difference are of those of egg, while the highest is the price of mushroom.Besides food, detergent also shows a large price difference between it items. Among them is the price of washing powder and washing soap.On the other hand,stationery items doesnt have any obvious price different.The graph also show that the most of the items that are high priced comes form the The Store Supermarket, while the lowest price items come from the Aeon Big Hypermarket.The graph 1(d) will show the conclusion of the difference among the shops based upon the shops grand total.
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Food Detergent Stationery

Aeon Big Giant The Store

graph 1 (d)

Part 1(e) The item that has a large price difference=washing powder Mean,X= = = = 20.20(2dp)

standard deviation =

= 0.8498 -

reason of different in price: * Bulk buying from restailer gives the lower cost resulted in lower relling price. * Hypermarket own brands are much cheaper than the expansive brand-dont involve in advertingresulted in lower selling price. *Sales and discount offer by the supermarket.

Part 2
Every year SBP Integrasi Tun Abdul Razak organises a carnival to raise funds for the school.This year the school plans to install CCTV in oder to enchance its security.Last year, during the carnical,your class made and sold nasi lemak.Due to the popularity of this local good, your class has decided to carry out the same project for this years carnival.

Part 2(a) 1.Complete Table 2 with the prices of the given items for the year 2013.

Item (For 10 packets of Nasi Lemak) For the Flavoured rice: Rice Santan Onion Ginger Salt For the Sambal: Red Onion Garlic Dried Chillies Ikan Bilis Cooking Oil Miscellaneous: Fried Groundnuts Fried crispy Ikan Bilis Cucumber 5 eggs Banana leaves(1bundle)

Quantity

Price in the year 2012(RM) 2.70 1.40 0.15 0.15 0.05 0.05 0.04 1.00 2.00 0.25 0.50 1.50 0,20 1.50 1.00

Price in the year 2013(RM) 2.80 1.50 0.15 0.15 0.06 0.05 0.04 1.10 2.10 0.27 0.60 1.60 0.20 1.60

1kg 150g 10g 10g 2g 10g 5g 100g 200g 100g 200g 150g 200g 300g 300g

Part 2(b) Calculate the price index for each of the items in Table 2 for the year 2013 based on the year 2012.

Price Index,I= X100

Items (For 10 packets of Nasi Lemak) For the flavoured rice: Rice Santan Onion Ginger Salt For the Sambal: Red Onion Garlic Dried Chillies Ikan Bilisl Cooking oil Miscellaneous: Fried groundnuts Fried cispy Ikan Bilis Cucumber 5 eggs Banana leaves(1bundle)

Quantity

Price in the year 2012(RM)

Price in the year 2013(RM)

Price index for the year 2013 based on year 2012(RM) 103.70 107.14 100 100 120 100 100 110 105 108 120 106.67 100 106.67 100

1kg 150g 10g 10g 2g 10g 5g 100g 200g 100g 150g 200g 200g 300g 300g

2.70 1.40 0.15 0.15 0.05 0.05 0.04 1.00 2.00 0.25 0.50 1.50 0.20 1.50 1.00

2.80 1.50 0.15 0.15 0.06 0.05 0.04 1.10 2.10 0.27 0.60 1.60 0.20 1.60 1.00

Part 2(c) Calculate the composite index for the cost of a packet of nasi lemak In the year 2013 based on the year 2012.Discuss how you obtained your answer.

Items (For 10 packets of Nasi Lemak) For the flavoured Rice: Rice Santan Onion Ginger Salt For the Sambal: Red Onion Garlic Dried Chillies Ikan Bilis Cooking oil Miscellaneous: Fried groundnuts Fried cispy ikan bilis Cucumber 5 eggs Banana leaves(1 bundle)

Quantity

Price Index for the year 2013 based on the 2012(I) 103.70 107.14 100 100 120 100 100 110 105 108 120 106.67 100 106.67 100

Weightage(W)

IW

1kg 150g 10g 10g 2g 10g 5g 100g 200g 100g 200g 150g 200g 300g 300g

1.0 0.15 0.01 0.01 0.002 0.01 0.005 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.15 0.2 0.3 0,3 2.7372

103.70 16.071 1 1 0.24 1 0.5 11 21 10.8 24 16.0005 20 32.001 36 288.3125

=
=105.34

Part 2(d) In the year 2013,the nasi lemak was sold at RM2.00 each.Suggest a suitable selling price for a packet of the nasi lemak in the year 2013.Give reasons for your answer. On 2012:RM2.00 On 2013: x 100=105.34 x=Rm2.10 Thus,the suitable selling price for a packet of the nasi lemak in the year 2013 is RM2.10. The increase in price is also suitable because of the rise in the price of the ingredients.

Part 3 In order to upgrade the security,my shool has decided to install clased-cirucit TV (CCTV). Part 3(a) Suggest a suitable number of cameras to be installed and their placement.Give your reasons.Illustrate with a plan. I suggest 4 cameras to be install at my school.The cameras will be installed at the staff rooms and the head of departments s room.This actions will be done to avoid any robbery case from happen.

Head of departmentss room

Staff room

Part 3(b) Find our the cost of installation of the CCTV. A set of CCTV with 4 cameras:RM2100

Part 3(c)

If your class intends to sponsor 10% of the cost,how many packets of nasi lemak must your class sell?

10% X RM2100=RM210 Cost for a packet of nasi lemak = =RM1.40 selling price=RM2.10 Profit =RM2.10-RM1.40 =RM0.70

Packets of nasi lemak must be sell = =300 packets

Part 3(d) Can your class achieve 10% target?Do you think your class should carry out a different project instead Yes.Because many visitor from other school will come and visit our school during the carnival.This phenomenon will increase the selling of our nasi lemak.Last year, we had sold about 400 packets of nasi lemak.So, this year our target is 600 packets of nasi lemak will be sold.From the selling, we can sponsor 10% for the cost of installation of the CCTV and we will get profit of about RM210. I think my class should not carry out different prject as we can get a lot of profit form the selling of nasi lemak. We need to focus on selling nasi lemak onlyso we can achieve our target.Great efforts will ld to great outcomes.