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PROSPECTS FOR COAL SCIENCE IN THE 21 ST CENTURY

Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Coal Science

VOLUME I

Edited by Bao Qing Li and Zhen Yu Liu State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, P. R. China UNIVERSiTATSHiBUOTHEK

rr\:1999 SHANXI SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PRESS Taiyuan, P. R. China

: JLIOTHEK

CONTENTS
VOLUME I

A. FUNDAMENTALS AND GENERAL ASPECTS A.I PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL AND PETROGRAPHIC CHARACTERIZATION Progress of Coal Science in the 20th Century K. H. van Heek Change in Coal Aggregate Structure during Heat Treatment I. Watanabe, K. Sakanishi and I. Mochida Adsorption of N2 on Coal Char at Ambient Temperature K. Matsuoka, T. Horii, P. Chambrion, T. Kyotani and A. Tomita Characterization of Thermal Coal from Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Measurements J. Xiberta, A. Montesenn, P. Fernandez and R. M. Diaz Quantifying the Modes of Occurrence of Elements in Coal R. B. Finkelman, C. A. Palmer, A. Kolker and S. J. Mroczkowski The Multiscale Organisation of Carbon Materials: Application to Coal Science J. N. Rouzaud, A. Galvez, O. Beyssac, C. Fontugne, C. Clinard and B. Goffe From Anthracites to Graphite: Influences of Temperature, Pressure and
Shear

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0. Beyssac, B. Goffe, J. N. Rouzaud, C. Clinard, J. Cassareuil and N.

Catel

The Influence of CO 2 Presorption on the Sorptive and Dilatometric Properties of Hard Coals under the Influence of CH4 G Ceglarska-Stefanska, K. Zarebska

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Environmentally Significant Trace Elements in Permian Coal of Moher Sub-Basin, Singrauli, India A. Singh, K. K. Sappal and R. Watkins The Distribution of Trace Elements in a UK Bituminous Coal F. Wigley, J. Williamson and N. J. Miles The Influence of Hydrogenation on Glass Transitions in Coal P. J. Hall and C. Galan The Effect of Drying on the Macromolecular Structure of Lignites S. D. Brown and P. J. Hall Structural Transformation in Coals at the Temperature below 0C S. A. Aipshtein, I. V. Zverev, M. O. Dolgova and V. V. Malkova Morphological and Structural Features of Tectonic Coal Y. G. Zhang, Y. X. Cao, H. B. Xie, F. Li and K. C. Xie The Fractal Features of Gas-Filled Coal by Its Electro-Phycical Characteristics A.V. Astakhov, A. A. Belyi, D. L. Shirotchin and L. N. Ekonomova Application of FTIR to the Identification of Some Minerals Present in the Lignites from Rio Maior (Portugal) D. Flores, I. Suarez-Ruiz, M. J. Iglesias and M. M. Marques Trace Element Characterization of Eocene Coal, West Daranggiri Coal Field, Garo Hills, Meghalaya M. Ahmed and S. Phukan Studies on Carbon Deposition of Catalysts for CH4 Reforming Reaction with CO2 S. Y. Liu", W. Huang, L. H. Yin, Y. H. Ding and P. Jin Fractal Surface Characteristics of Coals and the Correlation with Their Physical-Chemical Property F. G. Zeng, S. Q. Zhu and Z. N. Wang Content, Distribution Character and Classification of Arsenic in Chinese Coal D. Y. Wang, H. Z. Chen and W. M. Chen

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Structure of Low Rank Coals and the Nature of Coal-Water Interactions L. M. Clemow, G. Favas, W. R. Jackson and D. J. Allardice A New Method to Quantify the Texture of Heterogeneous Carbon Materials S. Duber, J. N. Rouzaud, S. Pusz and B. Kwiecinska An Investigation into the Trace Elements Distribution in Permian Gondwana Coals of Northwestern Bangladesh by Proton Induced XRay Emission Spectroscopy J. Podder, S. A. Tarek and T. Hossain An Influence of Thermal Treatment on Optical Properties of Anthracites S. Pusz and S. Duber CHNS Simultaneous Analysis of Coal and.Coke Samples with the Elemental Analyzer Vario EL R. Winkler and C. Q. Ye Nitrogen Functionality in Artificial Coals and Its Fate during Pyrolysis Z. H. Wu, Y. Sugimoto and H. Kawashima Change in Sorption Phenomena of Methanol on Coal during Repeated Uptake/Desorption H. Yasuda, O. Yamada and M. Kaiho Chemical Structure of Maceral Groups of Coal P. Straka, J. Buchtele and J. Nahunkova Possibility of Methane Recovery from Coal by Displacement Sorption Z. Weishauptova and J. Medek Releasing Kinetics of Methane from the Coal Seams J. Medek and Z. Weishauptova Chemical Parameters of Tertiary Brown Coal from the Sokolov Basin I. Sykorova, M. Stejskal, V. Machovic and J. Brus The Effects of CO 2 Capillary-Like Condensation on the ElectroPhysical Properties of Coals A.V. Astakhov, D. L. Shirotchin and L. N. Ekonomova

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Graphitization Ability of Coal due to Formation of Intercalation Compounds C. N. Barnakov, A. P. Kozlov and S. K. Seit-Ablaeva Ge-Bearing Coals of Russian Far East Deposits: An Example from the Luzanovka Openmine V. V. Seredin, J. A. Danilcheva, V. F. Cherepovsky and A. M. Vassyanovich Evolution of Pore Structure and Surface Area during Gasification of Coal Char with CO 2 and H2O A. Montoya, E. Florez and F. Mondragon About Some Factors Affecting Suppression of Vitrinite Reflectance B. P. Perrussel, F. Laggoun-Defarge, I. Suarez-Ruiz, A. Jimenez, M. J. Iglesias and J. N. Rouzaud The Characterization for Chinese Coal Petrography Y. F. Jiang, Y. K. Yang, G. Q. Zhou and F. Gao Distributions of Arsenic and Mercury in Triassic Coals Longtoushan Syncline Southwestern Guizhou, P. R. China J. Y. Zhang, D. Y. Ren and D. W. Xu from

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Appling Coal Petrology to the Study on Coking Coal Blend and Coal Types Replacement X. M. He, J. S. Yu and Y. Y Wu The Geochemical Characteristics of Chlorine in Coal from Pingshuo Surface Mine, Shanxi Province F. H. Zhao, D. Y. Ren, W. Zhang and Y. G. Tang Effects of Ni-Based Catalyst Supporter on CH4 Reforming with CO 2 to Syngas S. Y. Liu, Y. H. Ding and P. Jin The Study on Factors that Affect the Maceral Separation of Coal X. F. Bai, W. H. Li, Z. W. Wang, J. Y. Yang and Z. H. Li Study on Fractal Structure of Coal Surface D. W. Hu, Z. M. Wu, J. Ren and K. C. Xie Structural Peculiarities of Tending to Self-Ignition Coals L. V. Pashchenko and V. I. Saranchuk

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Distribution of the Trace Elements in Czech Coal Z. Klika, S. Mrozek and I. Kolomaznik The Changes of Ash Fusion Temperature as Result of Coal Chemical Pretreatment LA. Korobetskii, M. S. Ismagilov and E. S. Shudrikov The Wettability of Different Size Coal Fines J. C. Fan and M. Q. Fan

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A.2 STRUCTURE AND CHEMICAL REA CTIVITY

Spectral Investigation of the Interaction between TCNE (and TCNQ) and Coal in Solvent C. Chen and M. lino Thermodynamics and Sol-Gel Transition of Coal Molecular Solution M. lino. V. Oja and M. Suzuki Estimation of Reactivity of Coal with Organic Compounds using Radioisotope Tracer Methods A. Ishihara, M. Saito, I. P. Sutrisna, W. Qian and T. Kabe Extraction of Coal in Various Nonpolar Solvents below 350"C using a Flow Reactor K. Miura, K. Mae, H. Y. Seock and R. Ashida Estimation of Role of Hydrogen Bondings on Coal-Water and/or CoalSolvent Interactions using FTIR and Thermal Analysis K. Miura, K. Mae, W. Li and A. Kumano Dual Role of Water in Relation with Oxyreacti vity of Coal B. Taraba, M. Kaloc and R. Peter Positron Annihilation in Coal Chars J. Fernandez and P. J. Hall The Porosity of Coals from Contrast Matching Small Angle Neutron Scattering P. J. Hall, S. Brown and J. M. Calo

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New Model Genetic Substances as Possible Contributors to Sapropelitic Kerogen and Primary Crude Oil Yu. V. Rokosov, S. I. Uskov, R. A. Muhamodiyarov and I. A. Klimov Swelling of Different Degree Reduction Coals in Organic Solvents S. A. Aipshtein, I. V. Zverev and O. I. Suprunenko Comparison of XPS and AP-TPR Results in the Study of the Sulphur Distribution in High Sulphur Mequinenza Coal J. V Aelst, K. Shimizu, J. Yperman, D. V. Franco, J. Mullens, L. C. Van Poucke Coal Solubilization through "Ionic" Oxidation and Base-Promoted Alkylation M. Stefanova, S. Marinov and I. Nosyrev Comparative Study of the Influence of Two Treatments on Sulphur Types Distribution S. P. Marinov, V. Minkova, M. Stefanova, L. Butuzova and M. Goranova FTIR Study of Rio Maior Lignites (Portugal): Organic Matter Composition in Functional Groups D. Flores, I. Suarez-Ruiz, M. J. Iglesias and M. M. Marques Dependence of Functional Groups on Depolymerization of Coal Organic Matter F. N. Grigoriev and E. N. Grigorieva Structural Changes of Solvent-Extracted Coals and Model Polymers by Catalytic Hydrogenation H. Takagi, T. Isoda, K. Kusakabe and S. Morooka Using TPO and XPS Study of the Forms of Organic Sulfur in Some Chinese Coals P. Chen, J. Z. Li and L. Wang LC/MS Analysis of CS,-NMP Soluble Fraction from Upper Freeport Coal X. Y. Wei, Z. M. Zong, L. Wu, Z. H. Qin, H. Murata, C. Q. Li and M. lino

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The Chemical Activity of Oxygen Functional Group in Low Rank Coal and the Mechanism of Its Modification Z. S. Dai, Y H. Zhen and L. H. Ma The Study on the Electronic Structures and Molecular Models of Coal Maceral 'B. J. Wang, Z. M. Wu, F. Li and K. C. Xie The Relationship of Coal Structure to Char Porosity J. M. Jones, M. Pourkashanian, C. D. Rena and A. Williams Theoretical and Experimental Study of Influence of Non-Covalent Bond in Thermal Decomposition of Coal Model Compounds T. Kamo, J. C. Bi, H. Yamaguchi and Y. Sato The Effect of Oxidation on Coal Reactivity and Char Structure E. Lester and M. Cloke Fundamental Aspects of Coal Interaction with Microwave Energy I. A. Korobetskii The Characterization and Reactivity of Density Separated Coal Fractions and Their Respective Chars Produced in a Drop Tube Furnace A. Gilfillan, E. Lester and M. Cloke Theoretical Study on the Reactivity of Coal Structures X. J. Hou, J. L. Yang, Y. D. Gu, Y. W. Li and B. Q. Li Mechanism of Coal Dissolution Reactions in Various Solvents at 100-300C C. Q. Li and M. lino Conversion of Coal by Enzymes in Organic Media M. Iso, T. Nonaka, S. Nishimura, A. Ishihara and T. Kabe The Influence of Mineral Matter on the Self Heating of Coals J. D. McManus, S. D. Brown and P. J. Hall Low Temperature Oxygen Chemisorption Tendency Spontaneous Combustion F. Mondragon, P. Garcia and A. Montoya Oxygen Plasma Reactivity of Anthracites A. Cuesta, S. Pusz and J. M. D. Tascon in Coals with Strong

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Degradation of Peat by Novel Method L. F. Liu Microbial Conversion of Coal Y. Kabe, A. Ishihara, M. Iso and T. Kabe 'Effect of Solvent Swelling on the Structure and Reactivity of Coal J. S. Liu, J. Feng, F. Li and K. C. Xie Rapid and Effective Coal and Char Characterisation for PF Combustion using Non-Isothermal TGA Measurements J. Zhang, C. K. Man, N. V. R u s s e l l , M. H. S e i t z , J. R. G i b b i n s , J. Williamson, T. J. Beeley and G. S. Riley The Influence of Texture of Anthracite on Its Oxidation S. Grishchuk, S. Duber, S. Pusz and K. Swiderska The Kinetic Study of Cool Oxygen Plasma Oxidation of Carbon Materials I. A. Korobetskii and S. A. Nazimov The Morphological Investigation of Carbon Materials during Cool Oxygen Plasma Oxidation I. A. Korobetskii and S. A. Nazimov Influence of y-Band upon XRD Analysis of Coal Structure N. Yoshizawa, K. Maruyama, Y. Yamada and M. Shiraishi Characterization and Mechanism of Bituminous Coal Oxidation J. A. Macphee, L. Giroux, J. P. Charland, W. Hutny, J. Gransden and J. Price Cluster Model of Chemical Modification of Sapropelitic Coals N. V. Bodoev, A. P. Kozlov, R. Gruber, V. A. Kucherenko and J.M. Guet

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B. COAL COMBUSTION AND CONVERSION SCIENCE B.I COMBUSTION AND GASIFICATION

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Recent Progress in R&D of Coal Utilization in China Y. Wang

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The Effect of Pressure on Pulverized Coal Combustion Characteristics H. Matsuda, S. Kajitani, M. Shindo and H. Makino Effect of Microstructural Changes on Gasification Reactivity of Coal Chars during High Temperature Gasification /i. Sharma, T. Kyotani and A. Tomita The Influence of Inorganic Material on Carbon Fine Structure in Coal Char during Gasification K. Morishita and T. Takarada Extinction Mechanisms in Pulverized Coal Combustion R. H. Hurt, J. K. Sun and T. Lang Modeling of an Indirect Heated Gasifier W. Klose and S. Jensen Coal Fragmentation during Pulverised Coal Combustion at Elevated Temperatures and Pressures S. Schafer, H. Seewald, M. Kaiser and B. Bonn The Effect of Chlorine Content and Other Factors on Alkali Emissions during PFBC of Bituminous Coal and Lignite B. Bonn, C. Steffin, W. Wanzl, U. A. Gottwald and P. B. Monkhouse Comparison of the Investigation Methods to Describe the Combustion Behaviour of Coal Blends M. Kaiser, H. Seewald and U. S. Altmann Predicting Boiler Slagging of UK and Spanish Power Station Coals J. Williamson, N. V. Russell, F. Wigley, D. Alvarez, A. Gomez Borrego and R. Menendez Intrinsic Char Combustion Reactivity from TGA Measurements N. V. Russell, T. J. Beeley, C. K. Man, J. R. Gibbins and J. Williamson Kinetics and Surface Characterization of Chars of Titiribi Coal Activated with CO2 and H2O A. Montoya, E. Florez and F. Mondragon Characterisation of Char from the Combined Cycle Gasification of Coal N. Neal, T. J. Mays and B. McEnaney

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The Transient Ignition of a Coal Particle Cloud T. X. Phuoc, M. P. Mathur and J. M. Ekmann A Study on the Combustion Rates of Pulverized-Coal Char Particle in O2/CO2 Environment , Y.~F. Liu, Y. H. Li, W. P. Yan, X. M. Ye and Z. P. Song Effect of the Dense Phase Temperature of a Fluidized Bed on the Final Pyrolysis Products Yield H. B. Li, C. Z. Wu, Y Chen and Y. Wang Low Quality Coals and Blending: Ash Formation and Deposition R. Korbee, S. Eenkhoorn, P. G. T. Heere and J. H. A. Kiel Deposits of Ash Particles to the Water-Cooled Wall under an Entrained Bed Coal Gasification Condition Y Ninomiya and A. Sato An Extended Coal Combustion Model R. I. Backreedy, R. Habib, J. M. Jones, M. Pourkashanian and A. Williams The Effect of Particle Size on the Spontaneous Combustion Tendency of Indonesian Coals Y. S. Nugroho, A. C. Mclntosh and B. M. Gibbs Assessment of Combustion and NOx Performance of Chinese Coals for Use in Low NOx Burners S. M. Godoy, F. C. Lockwood, H. G. Chen and K. C. Xie Interaction between Alkali and Mineral Matter of Coal under Pressurised Combustion Conditions C. Steffin and W. Wanzl The Effect of Char Formation Temperature on Char Structure and Reactivity M. J. G. Alonso, A. G. Borrego, D. Alvarez and R. Menendez Particle-Based Characterization of Pulverised Coals and Chars for Carbon Burnout Studies J. R. Gibbins, M. H. Seitz, S. M. Kennedy, T. J. Beeley and G. S. Riley

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Assessment of Flame Stability in Swirl-Stabilised Burners and Relation to Coal Properties J. Gibbins, J. B. Zhang, H. Afzal, G. Riley and T. Beeley Numerical Prediction of Combustion Performance in Fixed Bed System F. Chejne, S. V. Pisupati, J. P. Hernandez and W. F. Florez Experimental and Theoretical Study about Colombian Coal Combustion F. Chejne, M. Giraldo and A. F. Hill High Unburned Carbon in Fly Ash from Stoker Boilers in China J. H. Fang, J. L. Lu, K. Saco, J. M. Beer and A. F. Sarofim A New Method (HyPr-RING) for Producing Hydrogen from Coals S. Y. Lin, Y. Suzuki, H. Hatano and M. Harada Gasification Behavior of Coal Chars Originating in Different Parts of the World M. A. Wojtowicz, R. Bassilakis and M. A. Serio Quantitative Assessment of Char Thermodeactivation during Coal Combustion and Gasification P. Salatino, O. Senneca and S. Masi Predicting the Complete Combustion Histories of Individual Particles of Any Coal Type S. Niksa and R. H. Hurt Atmospheric Fluidized Bed Combustion of Coal P. Jaud and M. Qian Mechanical Activation as Initiation of Coal Self-Ignition J. Medek and Z. Weishauptova Influence of Additives on Emissions from the Fluidized Bed Combustion of Lignite I. Sykorova, V. Bouska, J. Smolfk, K. Schwarz, J. Kucera and V. Havranek Improved Predictions of Coal Ash Slagging during Pulverised Coal Combustion J, Williamson and F. Wigley
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Microstructural Analysis of Pulverised Coal Chars by CCSEM F. Wigley, J. Williamson and F. D. Fitzgerald CO2 Chemisorption on Chars Loaded with K, Fe and Ni and Its Relation to CO 2 Gasification Reactivity F. Mondragon, A. Montoya and A. Molina Effect of Coal Moisture on Emissions of Boiler Combustion E. Boke, N. Erdol, A. Oztiirk, A. Arisoy, E. Ekinci and H. Okutan The Flame in O2/CO2 Pulverized Coal Combustion Simulation Y. H. Li, Y. F. Liu, W P. Yan and H. W. Chen Kinetic Study of Pulverized Coal Combustion D. W. Hu, Z. M..Wu and K. C. Xie The Study of Catalyzed Gasification Reaction of Char by CO 2 W. Zhao, J. L. Ye, F. Li and K. C. Xie A Study on the Combustion Behaviour of Coal Blends F. Rubiera, E. Fuente, A. Arenillas and J. J. Pis An Assessment of the Variations in the Structure of Chars Materials by Different Microscopy Techniques M. J. G. Alonso, A. G. Borrego, D. Alvarez and R. Menendez Coal Type and Burnout Performance E. Lester and M. Cloke The Influence of Coal Mineral Matter Distribution on Char Structure and Reactivity L. B. Mendez, A. G. Borrego, D. Alvarez, R. Tarazona, R. Menendez, N. V. Russell, F. Wigley and J. Williamson Measuring the Properties of Asian Low-Volatile Coals under Realistic Conditions for Combustion Modelling C. K. Man, J. R. Gibbins, G. Hesselmann and J. Gillespie Thermodynamic Real Modelling of Melting Behaviour of Ashes and the Including of Alkalis in Ashes and Slags A. Starke and B. Meyer Alkali Absorption by Additives in PFBC Flue Gases D. Hohne and R. F. W. Kopsel

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Analysis of Heat Exchange on Bladed Swirler of Pulverized Coal Slagging Combustor C. F. Yan, E. J. Chen and B. C. Lin Adiabatic Oxidation Study of Coals - Some Implications for Reducing Oxidation and Spontaneous Heating of Coal T. X. Ren, J. S. Edwards and D. E. Clarke Fate of Cadmium and Lead during Combustion of Coal in Thermal Power Station M. L. Pefia, L. E. Henao, M. M. Escallon and C. J. Cedeno The Pyrolysis and Gasification Kinetics of Raw and Pretreated Coal X. G Liu, B. Q. Li and K. Miura The Assessment of Low Volatile Fuels for Down-Shot Fired Boilers P. Cahill, T. J. Beeley, M. O'Connor, J. Spencer, J. R. Gibbins, C. K. Man and M. H. Seitz Modelling of a Pressurised Entrained Flow Coal Gasifier G S. Liu, H. R. Rezaei, A. G Tate, J. A. Lucas, D. J. Harris and T. F. Wall Research on Making Metallurgical Reduction Gas in Fluidized Bed by using Yang Quan Coal A. Xi, G Z. Chen, J. Y. Liu and J. D. Xie T.GA. Studies of the Combustion of Lignite Blends J. Cheng, J. H. Zhou, X. Y Cao, Q. Yao, X. R. Wu and K. F. Cen Ash Agglomerating Fluidized Bed Gasification Simulation Z. Tang, Z. Zhou, J. J. Huang, J. M. Zhang and Y. Wang Use of a Simulator for Evaluation of the Injection of Pulverized Charcoal into Blast Furnace P. S. Assis, P. J. Nolasco Sobrinho, J. A. S. Tenorio and R. M. Assis Development of Coal Hydrogasification Technology K. Itoh, F. Noguchi, K. Katsukura and H. Maruyama Influences of Coal and Char Properties on Carbon Elutriation in Pressurised Fluidized Bed Combustion A. L. T. Wang, Y B. Cui and J. F. Stubington

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Thermodynamic Research of Influence of Coal Composition and Combustion Condition on Trace Elements Behaviour L. N. Lebedeva, G. S. Golovin and E. V. Samuilov Grid Reactor Experiments on the Influence of Pyrolysis Conditions on Subsequent Gasification J. H. J. Moors, A. Veefkind, Y. G. M. Rikers and M. J. Vestjens Modeling of In-Bed Char Combustion in Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion - Model Development and Sensitivity Analysis Y. B. Cui, A. L. T. Wang and J. F. Stubington Study on Tar Property from Coal Mild Gasification with Calcium Oxide Catalyst T. Y. Zhu, F. Y. Cheng, Z. G. Mao, W. Zheng and Y. Wang

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A Highly Dispersed Limonite Catalyst for Direct Liquefaction of Brown Coal T. Kaneko, K. Tazawa, S. Yanai, M. Tamura and K. Shimasaki Outline of Advanced Brown Coal Liquefaction Process N. Okuyama, N. Komatsu, S. Yanai, T. Kaneko, M. Tamura and K. Shimasaki Optimization of Coal Liquefaction Process - Study of Improvement of Coal Liquefied Oil Quality Y. Aihara, K. Ikeda, K. Imada, H. Kakebayashi, T. Takeda, Y. Nogami, K. Inokuchi, T. Kamo and Y. Sato Investigation of Coal Fluidity during Heating Viscoelasticity T. Yoshida, M. lino, T. Takanohashi and K. Kato by Dynamic

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High Pressure Pyrolysis of Coals in a Radiant Coal Flow Reactor J. Cor, N. Manton, D. J. Eckstrom, R. Malhotra and S. Niksa Thermal Annealing Kinetics for Chars from Coals of Various Rank H. S. Shim, R. H. Hurt and A. K. Mehta

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Modeling Nitrogen Release Based on Chemical Structural Evolution during Devolatilization of Pulverized Coal T. H. Fletcher, D. B. Genetti and S. T. Perry Reactivity of Coal Macerals with Some Hydrogen Donor Solvents J. Pajak Predicting the Distributions of Volatile Products from Any Coal with Flashchain S. Niksa Hydrogen Distribution and Fluidity Interactions between Pitch Fractions Studied by High Temperature In-Situ 'H NMR J. M. Andresen, C. E. Snape and H. H. Schobert The Rate of Nitrogen Release during High Pressure Coal Pyrolysis J.Tomeczek and S.Gil High Temperature In-Situ 'H NMR Study of Mesophase Formation in Pitches J. M. Andresen, M. M. Maroto-Valer, S. C. Martin, S. R. Moinelo and C. E. Snape An NMR Study of the Effect of Hydrothermal Dewatering on the Structure of an Australian Brown Coal S. C. Martin, C. E. Snape, J. M. Andresen, M. M. Maroto-Valer, L. M. Clemow and W. R. Jackson An Improved Carbonization Process to Produce Formed Coke H. Ergun The Effect of Pyrolysis on Coal Particle Size S. Hanson, J. W. Patrick, M. C. Turpin and A. Walker Afolatilization Behavior of Nitrogen Compounds in Coals during the Pyrolysis at Two Different Heating Rates M. Nomura, K. Kidena, Y Hirose, T. Aibara and S. Murata ; Studies on Fusibility Chemistry by Referring to Coking and Non|Coking Coals in View of Their Detailed Structural Data f . Kidena, M. Hiro, T. Chikada, S. Murata and M. Nomura

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Evolution of Structural and Physico-Chemical Properties of Pure Vitrinite during Artificial Thermal Evolution F. Laggoun-Defarge, P. Landais, J. N. Rouzaud, I. Suarez-Ruiz, I. Rannou and M. J. Iglesias tudy for Pyrolysis Gas Composition in Fluidised Bed Gasification of Woody Biomass Y G. Pan, X. Roca, E. Velo and L. Puigjaner Study on Special Characteristics of Ewirgol Coals and Their Cokes Y. G. Tang, Q. L. Ma, Y. B. Wang and T. J. Ai Low Temperature Liquid-Phase Cracking of Low Rank Coal Y. Sato, Y Kodera, T. Kamo, H. Yamaguchi and K. Tatsumoto Effects of Heating Rate and Pressure on the Pyrolysis Yields of a Brown Coal C. Sathe and C. Z. Li Decomposition of Pyrite and the Interaction of Pyrite with Coal Organic Matrix in Pyrolysis and Hydropyrolysis H. K. Chen, B. Q. Li and B. J. Zhang Co-Pyrolysis of Coal under Different Gases B. Q. Li, H. Q. Liao and B. J. Zhang Yields of Pyrolysis Products for Coals Originating in Different Parts of the World M. A. Wojtowicz, R. Bassilakis and M. A. Serio Effect of Pyrolysis Conditions of Coals on the Pore-Structure and Reactivity of Their Chars H. Oda, H. Aso and M. Fukuda Structural Characterization of Coal Tar Pitches for the Development of Superior Anode Binders J. M. Andresen, H. H. Schobert and F. J. Rusinko Jr Evaluation of the Properties of Cokes Used in Brazilian Steel Plants by Non-Routine Tests E. Osorio, M. A. Ribas and A. C. F. Vilela Structural Factors Influential in Coke Degradation E. R. Daw, J. W. Patrick, M. C. Turpin and A. Walker

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XXI

SEM Study on the Deposition of Coal Pyrolysis in Arc Plasma Jet Y. J. Tian, H. G. Chen, Y L. Yan, Y. K. Lu, F. Li and K. C. Xie Study on Coal Pyrolysis in Ar/H2 Plasma Jet H. G Chen, Y J. Tian, F. Li, S. Y Zhu and K. C. Xie Simulation of Coal Conversion in Ar/H2 Plasma Jet Y. J. Tian, H. G. Chen, W. R. Bao, F. Li, S. Y Zhu and K. C. Xie Production of Metallurgical Coke Using Thermal Coal and Colombian Natural Bitumen L. Pacheco, J. Diaz, L. Henao, G. Moreno, C. Baquero, A. Villegas and J. Rincon Mechanism of Control over Coal Carbonization by KOH and ZnCl2 Q. Xie and Q. R. Chen Production of Conductive Coke for Cathodic Protection E. G Mogollon, L. E. Henao, L. A. Pacheco, J. L. Ortiz and J. J. Diaz Investigation of Sulfur-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Coal Derived Tars of Pyrolysis and Hydropyrolysis H. K. Chen, B. Q. Li and B. J. Zhang The Suitability of Gray-King Pyrolysis for Obtaining Structural Information about Perhydrogenated Vitrinites M. J. Cuesta, M. J. Iglesias, A. Jimenez, F. Laggoun-Defarge and I. Suarez-Ruiz Statistical Structure of Distilled Tar Fraction and Extracts from Same Coal X. L. Li and K. C. Xie Study on Sub-Micron Sized Pyrite for Coal Liquefaction Catalyst K. Hirano, M. Kouzu and M. Kobayashi

741

745

749

753

757

761

765

769

773

777

B.3 LIQUEFACTION AND HYDROPYROLYSIS

Hydroconversion of Polycyclic Aromatics with Iron Catalysts as a Model Reaction to Study Conversion of Heavy Carbonaceous Resources !"*E. Ogata, K. Horie, E. Niki, I. Saito, K. Ukegawa and A. Nishijima

781

783

XXII

Hydrogen Exchange Reaction of Tetralin with Tritiated Molecular Hydrogen in a Flow Reactor W. Qian, H. Shirai, M. Ifuku, A. Ishihara and T Kabe Relations between the Hydrogenolysis Reactivities and the Structural Changes of Coals Induced by Thermal or Hydrothermal Treatment M. Sugano, H. Ochiai and K. Mashimo Catalytic Coprocessing of Coal and Petroleum Resid Using Oil-Soluble Co, Ni, and Mo Catalyst Precursors A. Piotrowski and C. S. Song Catalytic Hydrogenation and Hydrocracking of 9,10-Diphenylanthracene X. Y Wei, S. L. Zhou, Z. M. Zong, Y L. Peng and L. Wu Coal Liquefaction for Producing Aromatic Hydrocarbons J. F. Bai, H. J. Zhu, Y. Wang, H.Q. Hu, S. C. Guo and G. H. Chen Liquefaction of Some Indonesian Low Rank Coals Y Artanto, W. R. Jackson and P. J. Redlich The Characterisation of Coals for Prediction of Yields during Liquefaction E. Lester, M. Cloke and A. Pickering Taiheiyo Coal Conversion in HCOOH-Supercritical Water Mixture T. Adschiri, T. Aida, T. Sato, M. Watanabe and K. Arai Study on Multi-Stage Hydropyrolysis of Coal in Fixed-Bed Reactor N. Wang, W. Li and B. Q. Li Characterization of an Iron Based Catalyst for Direct Coal Liquefaction J. S. Zhu, J. L. Yang, J. H. Guo, L. A. Zhang, B. Zhong and Z. Y Liu Study on Solid Deposit Appeared in Hot High Pressure Separator in Coal Liquefaction 15Ot/d Pilot Plant S. Ueda, T. Aramaki and M. Kobayashi Sulfur-Tolerant Bimetallic Pd-Pt Catalysts for Aromatics Saturation T. Sato, H. Yasuda, N. Kijima and Y. Yoshimura

787

791

795

799

803

807

811

815

819

823

827

831

XX111

Effects of Solvent Amount and Dispersed Catalyst in the Liquefaction of Indonesian and Chinese Coals U. Priyanto, K. Sakanishi and I. Mochida Coal Liquefaction by Using the Comminuted Binary Catalyst of Metal Sulfides by Mechanical Milling Y. Kuriki, K. Uchida, S. Ohshima, M. Yumura and F. Ikazaki Optimization of Coal Liquefaction Process - The Effect of Hydrogenated Solvent on the Coal Liquefaction H. Kakebayashi, T. Takeda, Y. Nogami, K. Inokuchi, Y. Aihara, K. Imada, T. Kamo and Y. Sato Shungite Carbon Catalytic Effect on Coal Treatment E. N. Grigorieva and N. N. Rozhkova Coprocessing of Coal and Petroleum Resids using Tetrathiomolybdate as Mo Catalyst Precursor B. L. Wei and C. S. Song Ammonium

835

839

843

847

851

Feasibility of Methanol-Mediated Phenol Extraction for Coal Liquid A. Matsumura, S. Sato, I. Saito and K. Ukegawa Removal of the More Intractable Material from Coal Extract Streams by Controlled Precipitation A. Belghazi, M. Cloke and E. Lester
:

855

859

Coal Dissolution Using Crude Heavy Oil and o-Cresol L. Pacheco, J. Diaz, L. Henao, G. Moreno, C. Baquero, A. Villegas and J. Rincon

863

^Composition and Characteristics of Heavy Products from Coprocessing Sbf Yanzhou Coal and Daqing Petroleum Resid R. P. Yan, C. M. Zhang, J. L. Yang and Z. Y. Liu erties of Ferrous Sulfate-Based Catalysts for Hydrogenation of Jfozhou Bituminous Coal . A. Zhang, J. L. Yang and Z. Y. Liu ence of Liquefaction Conditions on Steam-Gasification Reactivity sidual Chars iii, J. L. Yang and Z. Y. Liu

867

871

875

XXIV

CO Hydrogenation over Cu/MnO2/ZrO2 Calcined at Different Temperature G. S. Wu, X. P. Chen, J. Ren, Y. H. Sun,T Liu, T. D. Hu and Y. N. Xie Influence of Silica Porosity on Performance of Co/SiO2 Catalysts for FT Synthesis J. G. Chen, H. W. Xiang and Y. H. Sun Implications of the Pyrolysis System in the Structural Changes of Vitrinite and Effect on Its Reflectance M. J. Iglesias, A. Jimenez, F. Laggoun-Defarge and I. Suarez -Ruiz Study on the Novel Catalyst for Slurry F-T Synthesis J. L. Zhou, Y. J. Lu, Z. X. Zhang and G. H. Li Author Index

879

883

887

891

VOLUME

II

C. CHEMICALS AND MATERIALS FROM COAL

895

Chemicals and Materials from Coal. State of the Art and New Opportunities for Research C.S.Song Production of Valuable Chemicals in High Yield from Brown Coals by Combining Liquid Phase Oxidation and Proper Upgrading Method K. Mae, H. Shindo, K. Takahashi and K. Miura Isotropic Carbon Fibers from Non-Conventional Pitch Precursors F. Derbyshire, R. Andrews, D. Jacques, M. Jagtoyen, G. Kimber and T. Rantell Optimizing the Routes for the Production of Activated Carbons from Anthracites M. M. Maroto-Valer and H. H. Schobert Characterization by Small Angle X-RAY Scattering of the Microtexture of Adsorbents Resulting from Activation of Mixtures of Coals and Metallic Chlorides. Comparison with Adsorption Data J. M. Guet, N. Cohaut, I. Gerard, D. Begin, G. Furdin and A. Albiniak

897

901

905

909

913