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˜© 4, 2009 Cu hfl C¯n®¶

Cflh∫ˆ|m C¯n®¶ Pm B⁄ı-ƒ-h- ¶U©ı∫USÆ ˜£¡-õmkÆ J˜µ ¡¯PUPı⁄


˜⁄˜Ø ˆhflÂ-⁄ı-SÆ Gfl A®£ı }[- C∏ ˆ£Ø∫P“ G⁄ E[P“ i®Ï £izu
P“ G -vØ Pmk-¯µ¯Ø £izu-§fl C®- §”˜P En∫¢˜ufl.
˜£ı-ˆu¿ªıÆ |ı∫©-ªıP §µa]-¯⁄¯Ø ñGÏ. ïzx-\ı™, E]-ªÆ£mi
Aq-S-Q-”ı∫. |fl‘ £[\fl RP-Œfl v∏-¬« - ı ñ u¯ª®˜£ `®-
ñ\. £ıµv, ˆ\fl¯⁄ £∫. Cfl›Æ Cx ˜£ıª £ª £Øfl-P“
J˜µ-Ø-i-ØıP Bm Bfl ˆuıS®¶-P“ £ª- S‘zx G -u-ƒÆ. Av-PÆ £Øfl£-hı-©¿
¡ÿ¯”U ˆPıkzx ¡\-v-P“ £ª-¡ÿ¯” EØ-µzv¿ ¯¡zv-∏USÆ C¢u RP¯Õ
Hÿ£-kzxÆ ˆhU¤U¯Pz u¢x“-œ∫- C¤-˜©¿ £Øfl£-kzx-˜¡ıÆ.
P“. C¯¡ G¿ªı-¡ÿ¯”-≤Æ \õ-ØıP ñ A.S©-µ-S∏, £«{
˜©ÿˆPı“Õ ˜¡sk- _zu u™-»¿ u∏-Q-˜”fl
ˆ©fl”ı¿ S¯”¢ux Gfl÷ ˆ\ı¿º Øı∏USÆ
£v-¯⁄¢x |ımPÕı- ¶õ-Øı-©¿ G -uı-©¿,
¡x ˜¡s-kÆ, \ı∫. B[-Q-ªa ˆ\ıÿP“ ©ÿ-
Cfl›Æ \¯ÕU-Pı-©¿ ÷Æ Au¯⁄ Ea\-õUSÆ
uµ-ƒÆ. ¡µ- ¬uÆ, u™-»¿ ¬ÕUPÆ
˜¡ÿ˜£ıÆ. G⁄a \õ-Øı-PU PÆ®-≥m-
ñ˜P.GÏ. _S-©ı∫, h∫ £Øfl£ım¯h ¬ÕU-
]. µı‰ £ısi-Øfl SÆ E[P-Œfl £ıo-
A∏®¶U ˜Pım¯h uıfl ˜u¯¡-Øı⁄ £ıo. A®£-i˜Ø
\£ıõ §µ-ƒ-\∫ G⁄ Jfl÷ C∏®£˜u C®- P¯h®§-iUP-ƒÆ.
˜£ı-x-uıfl ˆuõØ ¡¢x“Õx. Es- ñˆ\. Q[Ϻ Cfl£-µı‰, ¶xa˜\õ
¯©-∞-˜ª˜Ø ˆ\© Ï•m. C∏¢uı-æÆ ˆ©ı¯£¿ ¡¢x B[Q-ªz¯u-≤Æ
£«UP ˜uıÂzv¿ JmiU ˆPısh ˆPkz-x-ka\ı! Cx Gfl⁄ GÏ.GÆ.GÏ.
£Ø∫£ıU¯È ¬h ©⁄-v¿¯ª. £ı¯Â. J [Pı ï  ¡ı∫z¯u-≤Æ G -
ñA.ïzx-\ı™, P∏-©ızy∫ v⁄ı Gfl⁄? }[P ˜¡” Cu GkzxU
E[P-–USz ˆuõ-≤©ı? £S-v-∞¿ PÆ®- ˆPıkUQ-’[P.
≥m-h∫ \ı∫¢u uP-¡¿ ©mk-™fl‘ A‘-¬- ñï.ïzxU Pı©ım] |ıufl, Pı¯µUSi
Ø¿ \ı∫¢u uP-¡¿P-¯Õ-≤Æ uµ-ƒÆ. ™P \ıuı-µn uP-¡¿ u∏Æ ˜P“¬ Gfl”ı-æÆ
™P Csh-µÏi[ uP-¡¿P“ Ah A®£- ïÿ‘-æÆ ˆhU¤UP¿ ˜P“¬ Gfl”ı-
iØı? Gfl÷ ˜PmSÆ ¡¯P-∞¿ E“- æÆ J˜µ ©ıv-õ-ØıP ®µsmº A®-˜µıa-
Õ⁄. ]¿ £v¿ u∏Æ E[P“ £o £ıµımkUS-
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Ák∏ ÷Á©A ∞u√|›> EÈ gºÈVƒÁ™Ô^ √¬ÔD 5


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÷ÈkƒD ÷Ú¬ÁÔl_ ∞[ ]Ú‚| ƒV©‚ºkÏ? √¬ÔD 11


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¡ı\P∫P˜Õ . . . P Æ ® ≥ m h ∫ ~ ı ¿ P “
PÆ®≥mh∫ £Øfl£ık S‘zu u[P-Œfl \¢˜u-P[P- PÆ®≥mh∫ £Øfl£ımi-¯⁄U Pÿ÷U ˆPıkUSÆ
¯Õ-≤Æ ˜P“¬-P-¯Õ-≤Æ G -x-¯P-∞¿ _∏UP-©ıP ¡¯P-∞¿ ˆ¡Œ-∞-h®£-kÆ ~ı¿P“ ©ÿ÷Æ ]iUP“
G -x-©ı÷ ˜¡sk-Q-˜”ıÆ. PÆ®≥mh∫ ©ª-õ¿ S‘zu S‘®¶-P“ PÆ®≥mh∫ ©ª-õ¿ ChÆ ˆ£”
Cfl›Æ G¢u u¯ª®§¿ G u ˜¡skÆ Gfl£x A¡ÿ‘fl C∏ §µ-v-P-¯ÕU RÃUPsh ïP-¡-õUS
S‘zu u[P“ ˜u¯¡-P-¯Õ-≤Æ G -u®£-kÆ Pmk-¯µ- A›®¶-©ı÷ Afl¶-hfl ˜¡sh®£-k-Q-”x. ]i¯Ø
P“ ©ÿ÷Æ S‘®¶-P“ S‘zu u[P“ P∏zxUP-¯Õ- A›®¶-¯P-∞¿ Au¯⁄ E∏-¡ıUQ-Ø-¡∫,uØı-õzu {÷-
¡-⁄Æ, Q¯hUSÆ Ch[P“, ¬¯ª, ˆ¡Œ-∞mh |ı“
≤Æ G[P-–USz ˆuõ-Ø®£-kzu-ªıÆ.
BQ-د¡ S‘zu Pi-uÆ Ehfl A›®£®£h
G v A›®£ ˜¡siØ ïP-¡õ: ˜¡skÆ. 2008Æ Bsi¿ ˆ\®hÆ£∏US §fl
ˆ¡Œ¡¢u¡ÿ¯” ©mkÆ A›®£ƒÆ.
ˆ£ı÷®£ı]õØ∫, v⁄©ª∫ ñ PÆ®≥mh∫ ©ª∫, 8, Pı\ı ˜©·∫ ˜µık, GU˜©ı∫, ˆ\fl¯⁄ 600 008.
4. ªı‚UP¿ ©v®¶ ñ ïuº¿ \õØÿ”x
(FALSE) §fl \õØı⁄x (TRUE).
G UˆÈ¿ J∫U Ámi¿ |ıÆ AiUPi
£Øfl£kzxÆ ˆ\Ø¿£ıkPŒ¿ ¡õ¯\-
AkzuuıP u¡”ı⁄ ©v®¶ u∏Æ ˜hmhı
(Error values)
PŒ¿ E“Õ ˜hmhı¬¯⁄ ¡õ¯\®- Cv¿ Descending Gfl£x Ascending Gfl-
£kz-x¡xÆ (Sorting) Jfl”ıSÆ. C¢u £ufl ˜|∫ Gvµı⁄uıSÆ. }[P“ G¢u ¡»-
¡õ-¯\® £kzx¡x Gfl£x ]‘Ø ¯Øz ˜u∫¢ˆukzuıæÆ PıºØıP E“Õ •¿-
©v®-§º∏¢x ˆ£õØ ©v®§ÿSa ˆ\¿¡uı- k-P“ ¡õ¯\®£kzu®£k¯P∞¿ C÷v-Øı-
P˜¡ı (Ascending) A¿ªx ˆ£õØ ©v®§- PU Pımh®£kÆ.
º∏¢x ]‘Ø ©v®§ÿSa ˆ\¿¡uıP˜¡ı GsP“ ©ÿ÷Æ G zxUP¯Õ ¡õ¯\®-
(Descending)C∏UPªıÆ. Cu¯⁄ ˜©ÿ- £kzu: }[P“ J∏ ˆ\¿º¿ G zxU-P¯Õ-
ˆPı“--¯P∞¿ |ıÆ A¯©zx“Õ ˜hmhı-¬ÿ- ≤Æ GsP¯Õ≤Æ ˜\∫zx ˜hmhı¡ıPU
S® £ıv®¶ Hÿ£k©ı Gfl£x |ıÆ A¯©z- ˆPıkz-v∏¢uı¿ GUˆÈ¿ J∏ S‘®§mh
x“Õ ˜hmhı ¡¯P∞¯⁄® ˆ£ı÷zuuıSÆ. ¡¯P∞¿ ¡õ¯\®£kzx¡u¯⁄U Pın-
Cx G®£i {PÃQ”x Gfl£¯u® £ı∫U- ªıÆ. Cx Hfl C®£i ˆ\Ø¿£kQ”x G⁄
PªıÆ. }[P“ ]‘Ø ©v®§º∏¢x ˆ£õØ }[P“ ¬Ø®£¯h¢v∏UPªıÆ.
©v®-§ÿS ¡õ¯\®£kzx¡uıP C∏¢uı¿ Cufl §fl⁄o∞¿ E“Õ u∫UP ¡»
(Ascending) GUˆÈ¿ RÃUPıqÆ ¡õ¯\∞¿ (Logic) Gfl⁄ Gfl÷ £ı∫UPªıÆ.
˜hmhıUP¯ÕU ¯PØı–Æ: GkzxU PımhıP K∫ J∫UÁmi¿ J∏
1.Gs ©v®¶ ñ S¯”¢uvº∏¢x S‘®-§mh ¡õ¯\∞¿ F1, F2, F3 G⁄ F149
AvP©ı⁄¯u ˜|ıUQ ¡¯µ }[P“ u¢v∏®£uıP ¯¡zxU ˆPı“-
2.˜uv ©ÿ÷Æ ˜|µÆ ñ uØvº∏¢x ˜¡ıÆ. C¢u ˜hmhı¯¡ ¡õ¯\®£i
uÿ˜£ı¯uدu ˜|ıUQ A¯©U-PªıÆ G⁄ ïiˆ¡kzx A¿ªx
3.ˆhUÏm ©v®¶ ñ GsP“ ïuº¿, ¡¯PUS Pmh¯Õ A¯©zuı¿ ¡∏Æ ïi-
Aufl§fl G zx APµ¡õ¯\®£i (1, 2, 3, ƒP“ E[P–US H©ıÿ”z¯uz uµªıÆ.
a, b, c) Hˆ⁄fl-”ı¿ C¢u ˜hmhı¬¿ ïu¿ ˜PµU-

v⁄©ª∫ & PÆ®≥mh∫ ©ª∫ 3 ˜© 4, 2009


h∫ K∫ G zx. GUˆÈ¿ C¢u ¡õ¯\∞¿ ufl¯© C¢u ¡õ¯\®£kzx¡u¯⁄ £ıvU-
G z¯u ïuº¿ Gkzx ¡õ¯\®£kzxÆ. SÆ. E[P“ ˜hmhı ¡õ¯\∞¿ PıºØıP
G⁄˜¡ ¡õ¯\®£kzx¯P∞¿ F1, F10, ]ª ˆ\¿P“, G∫µ∫ ˜¡¿≥, ˆhUÏmhıP
F100, F101, F102 G⁄ ¡õ¯\®£kzu®-£k- Gs--P“ £Øfl£kzu® £mi∏®£x ˜£ıfl-
¡-u¯⁄U PınªıÆ. C¢u ¡õ¯\∞¿ F2 ”¯¡ C∏¢uı¿ GUˆÈ¿ ¡õ¯\®£kz-x¯P-
Gfl” ˜hmhı 62 B¡x ˜hmhı¡ıPzuıfl ∞¿ ]UP¿ Hÿ£mk }[P“ Gv∫£ı∫zu£i
¡∏Æ. Hˆ⁄fl”ı¿ C¢u ¡õ¯\ ï -¡¯u- ¡õ¯\ A¯©Øı©¿ ˜£ı¥¬hªıÆ. CuÿS
≤Æ GUˆÈ¿ G zxUPÕıPzuıfl GkzxU J˜µ ¡» C¡ÿ¯”a \õ®£kzx¡xuıfl.
ˆPısk ¡õ¯\®£kzxÆ. A®£iØı⁄ı¿ Gkz-xU PımhıP GsP¯Õ GsPÕıPzuıfl
C¯u |ıÆ ¬∏ƶƣi \õØıP ¡õ¯\®-£kz- A¯©UP ˜¡skÆ. ˆhUÏmhıP C∏UPU
x¡x G®£i? C¢u ˜hmhı¬¿ E“Õ Gs-P- Thıx. C∏®§fl A¡ÿ‘fl £ı∫©m¯h
–US ïfl 0 ¯¡® £Øfl£kzu ˜¡skÆ. ©ıÿ” ˜¡skÆ.
Gkz-xU PımhıP F1 Gfl£uÿS® £vªıP Cflˆ⁄ı∏ ¡»¯Ø≤Æ ˜©ÿˆPı“ÕªıÆ.
F001 G⁄ A¯©UP ˜¡skÆ. C¢u ¶vØ C¢u ¡»∞¿ ¡õ¯\®£kzx¡uÿˆP⁄ J∏
£ı∫-©m-iÿS ©ıÿ” RÃUPıqÆ £ı∫ïªı- u¤ ¡õ¯\¯Ø Hÿ£kzx¡x. C¢u ¡» E[-
¬¯⁄ A¯©UPªıÆ. P“ ˜hmhı ï ¡xÆ ˆhUÏmhıP C∏¢-
= LEFT(C1,1) & RIGHT(“000” & RIGHT uı¿ ]”®£ıP ¡õ¯\®£kzu®£kÆ. C¢u
(C1,LEN(C1)1),3) ¡¯P∞¿ A ¡õ¯\ ïu¿ E ¡¯µ∞ªı⁄
C∆¡ı÷ A¯©zu §fl⁄∫ }[P“ ¡õ¯\®- ˆhUÏm ¡õ¯\ F¿ A¯©UP®£kÆ. R˜«
£kzv⁄ı¿ }[P“ Gv∫£ı∫zu £i F001, uµ®--£mk“Õx ˜£ıfl” £ı∫ïªı¬¯⁄ }[-
F002, F003 G⁄ A¯©¢- P“ CuÿS® £Øfl£kzuªıÆ. ¡õ¯\
v∏®-£u¯⁄® £ı∫U- F¿ =A1 & B1 & C1 & D1 & E1 Gfl” £ı∫-
PªıÆ. ïªı¬¯⁄ A¯©UPƒÆ.
I¢x ¡õ¯\P¯Õ H˜u›Æ J∏ ¡õ¯\∞¿ ˜uv
¡õ¯\®£kzu: GU- A¯©UP®-£m-i∏¢uı¿ Au¯⁄
ˆÈ¿ ¡õ¯\®-£kz- ˆhUÏm-hıP ©ıÿ” ˜¡siØv∏U-SÆ.
x¯P-∞¿ âfl÷ ¡õ-¯\- Au¯⁄ J˜µ ©ıvõØıP A¯©UP
P¯Õ A›©vU-Q”x. RÃUPıqÆ £ı∫-ïªı-
B⁄ı¿ |©US ˜©æÆ ¬¯⁄® £Øfl-£kzuƒÆ.
]ª ¡õ-¯\P-¯Õa = A1 & B1 & C1 &
˜\∫zx ¡õ¯\®-£kzu TEXT(D1,”yyyymmdd”) & E1
˜¡si C∏®§fl H˜u›Æ J∏ ¡õ¯\∞¿
Gfl⁄ ˆ\¥ØªıÆ? Cuÿ-S® £ª ¡»- GsP“ A¯©U-P®-£mi∏¢-
P“ E“Õ⁄. uı¿ Au¯⁄ ˆhUÏmhıP
GkzxU PımhıP I¢x ¡õ¯\PŒ¿ ©ıÿ” ˜¡s-iØv∏USÆ.
E“Õ-¡ÿ¯” }[P“ ¡õ¯\®£kzu Au¯⁄ J˜µ ©ıvõ-ØıP A¯©UP
˜¡skÆ G⁄ ¯¡z-xU ˆPı“˜¡ıÆ. ïu¿ RÃUPıqÆ £ı∫-ïªı¬¯⁄®
¡»ØıP C¡ÿ¯” Cµsk ﯔ ˜©ÿ- £Øfl£kzuƒÆ.
ˆPı“ÕªıÆ. A,B,C,D,E Gfl” I¢x column =A1 & TEXT(B1,”000000") & C1 & D1 &
PŒ¿ E“Õ ˜hmhı¬¯⁄ ¡õ-¯\®-£kzu E1
˜¡s-kÆ. ïu¿ ¡õ¯\®-£kzxuæUS C¯¡ G¿ªıÆ E[P–US® §iUP-
C,D,E ¡õ¯\-P¯Õ Em-£kz-uªıÆ. Akzx ¬¿¯ª Gfl”ı¿, GUˆÈ¿ £Øfl£kzxÆ
A,B ¡õ¯\-P¯Õ Em£kz-uªıÆ. ªı‚U E[P–US Jzx¡µ¬¿¯ª Gfl”ı¿
Cflˆ⁄ı∏ ﯔ¯Ø≤Æ £ı∫U-PªıÆ. H˜u›Æ ˜u∫m £ı∫mi ¶˜µıQµıÆ £Øfl-
J∆ˆ¡ı∏ ¡õ-¯\-ØıP Gkzx Ascend ing £kzv ˜hmhı¬¯⁄ ¡õ¯\®£kzu ˜¡s-
A¿ªx Descending ˜u∫¢ˆukzx ¡õ¯\®- i-Øx-uıfl.
£kz-uªıÆ. ïuº¿ E ¡õ¯\∞¿ J∏ ˆ\¿- Pou¬Øº¿ Cx ˜£ıª ˜hmhı¬¯⁄
¯ªz ˜u∫¢-ˆukzx Pmh¯Õ ˆPıkUPƒÆ. ¡õ¯\®£kzx¡x Gfl£x J∏ B∫¡âmkÆ
§fl C˜u ˜£ı¿ ©ÿ” ¡õ¯\PŒæÆ E“-Õ- §õ¡ıSÆ. Cu¯⁄ ˜©æÆ ˜©æÆ £Øfl-
¡ÿ¯” Gkzx ˆ\Ø¿£hªıÆ. £kzv® £ı∫U¯P∞¿ |©US ]ª ¶vØ Ezv-
Cv¿ Cflˆ⁄ıfl¯”≤Æ {¯⁄¬¿ P“ Thz ˜uıfl”ªıÆ. ïØÿ]zx® £ı∫U-
ˆPı“Õ ˜¡skÆ. E[P“ ˜hmhı¬fl PƒÆ.

v⁄©ª∫ & PÆ®≥mh∫ ©ª∫ 4 ˜© 4, 2009


Ák∏ ÷Á©A ∞u√|›>

EÈ gºÈVƒÁ™Ô^
Wi-Fi Gfl” Wireless Fidelity C®ˆ£ı x ˆ£Ø¯µ A¯ª£µ®¶ ˆ\¥¡x ¡«UPÆ.
§µ-£ªÆ. 802.11a, 802.11a, 802.11b, G⁄˜¡ A¢u ˆ£Ø¯µ ˆuõ¢x ˆPısh
802.11h G⁄® £ª ¡¯µØ¯”P“ Cz ˜ÌUP∫P–Æ, QµıUP∫P–Æ A¢u AU-
ˆuı»¿ ~m£® £Øfl£ımi¿ ˆ¡Œ-ØıQ- \Ï £ı∞si¿ ~¯«Ø ïØÿ]
≤“-Õ⁄. 802.11g I Ai®£¯h-ØıPU ˆ\¥¡ı∫P“. G⁄˜¡ AU\Ï £ı∞s-
ˆPısh ¡Ø∫ˆªÏ ˆ|mˆ¡ı∫U Pı∫k- ifl SSID broadcast ¡\v¯Øz u¯h
P–Æ, AU\Ï £ı∞skP–Æ (Access ˆ\¥x ¬k[P“.
Point) Pmk£iØıQ” ¬¯ªPŒ¿ Q¯h-®- * Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
£uı¿ G¿˜ªı∏Æ ¡Ø∫ˆªÏ ˆ|m-ˆ¡ı∫U Gfl” DHCP ¡\v¯Øˆ\Ø¿ C«UPa
£Øfl£kzu ï¯⁄Qfl-”⁄∫. ˆ\¥x ¬k[P“. G⁄˜¡ ˜ÌUP∫P–Æ,
¡Ø∫ˆªÏ ˆ|mˆ¡ı∫UQ¿ £ıxPı®¶ QµıU-P∫P–Æ E[P“ ˆ|mˆ¡ı∫UQ¿
AÆ\Æ P¡¤UP®£h ˜¡siØx. Aufl ~¯«Ø ïØfl”ı¿ A¡∫P“ TCP/IP
£ıxPı®¶ \õ∞¿¯ªˆØ¤¿, ˜¡shıu ¶˜µı-˜hıPı¿P–US ˜u¯¡Øı⁄ IP
|£∫P“ Au›“ ~¯«¢x, |ı\z¯u Hÿ- ïP¡õ, \®ˆ|m ©ıÏU (Subnet Mask)
£kzu ïi≤Æ. E[P“ ˆ|mˆ¡ı∫U¯P ˜£ıfl” ¬¡µ[P¯Õ ˆPıkUP ˜¡s-
£Øfl-£kzv ©ÿˆ”ı∏ ˆ|mˆ¡ı∫U¯P i∞-∏U-SÆ. E[P“ ˆ|mˆ¡ı∫U ˆuıh∫-
uıUP ïi≤Æ. £ı⁄ C¢u ¬¡µ[P“ A¡∫PŒhÆ C¿-
¡Ø∫ˆªÏ ˆ|mˆ¡ı∫USP¯Õ Hÿ£kz- ªıuuı¿ A¡∫PÕı¿ E[ P“ ˆ|m-
x-£¡∫P“ A¡ÿ‘fl £ıxPı®¯£ £ª®- ˆ¡ı∫U-Q¿ ~¯«Ø ïiØıx. TCP/IP
£kzu ˜¡skÆ. Auÿ Gfl-”ı¿ Transmission con-
Pı⁄ ]ª B˜ªı-\¯⁄ P“ trol protocol/ Internet
R˜« uµ®£mk“Õ⁄. Protocol G⁄® ˆ£ı∏“.
* Bflh⁄ı¯¡ \õØı⁄ * Simple Network
Chzv¿ ¯¡≤[-P“. E[P–¯hØ Management Protocol Gfl”
ˆ|m ˆ¡ı∫UQÿS ˆ¡Œ˜Ø ]U⁄¿ SNMP ˆ\mi[P¯Õ AU\Ï £ı∞s-
ˆ\¿ªU Thıx Gfl-£¯u ©¤v¿ i¿ ˆ\Ø¿ C«UPa ˆ\¥≤[P“;
¯¡≤[P“. ˆ|mˆ¡ı∫U-QÿS A¿ªx ©ıÿ‘ ¬k[P“. C¯u }[P“
ˆ¡Œ˜Ø ˆ\¿æQ” ]U⁄¯ª ˆ\¥-Øı©¿ ¬mhı¿ E[P“ ˆ|m-
˜¡shıu |£∫P“ ¯P®£ÿ‘ ⁄ı¿ ˆ¡ı∫U £ÿ‘Ø ¬¡µ[P¯Õ ˜ÌUP∫-
B£zx ˜|õkÆ Gfl£¯u P–Æ, QµıUP∫P–Æ A‘¢x¬h ïi-
©”¡ıw∫P“. ≤Æ.
* Wireless Encryption Protocol (WEP) * G¢ˆu¢u PÆ®≥mh∫P“ G¿ªıÆ
Gfl” Gfl-Qõ®Âfl ﯔ¯Ø AU \ıÏ £ı∞sk ¡»ØıP ˆ\¿ª
E[P“ ˆ|m-ˆ¡ı∫U-Q¿ ˜¡s-kÆ Gfl£¯u {∫n∞UQ” ¡\v
ˆ\Ø¿£kzx¡x |¿ªx. AU-\Ï ]ª AU-\Ï £ı∞skPŒ¿ Esk. E[-
£ı∞skP¯Õz uØıõUQ” {÷- P–-¯hØ AU\Ï £ı∞siæÆ A¢u
¡⁄[P“ C¢u ¶˜µı˜hı˜Pı¯ª ˆ\Ø¿ ¡\v C∏¢-uı¿, E[P“ ˆ|mˆ¡ı∫UQ¿
C«UPa ˆ\¥¡x ¡«UPÆ. G⁄˜¡ E“Õ PÆ®≥mh∫PŒfl ˆ|mˆ¡ı∫U
A¯ua ˆ\Ø¿£h ¯¡≤[P“. G⁄˜¡ Pı∫k ïP¡õP¯Õ AU\Ï £ı∞sihÆ
E[-P“ ˆ|mˆ¡ı∫UQ¿ C∏¢x ˆ¡Œ- ˆuõ¬zx ¬k[P“. C¢u ïP¡õP¯Õ
˜Ø÷-Q” ˜hmhı¯¡ ˜ÌUP∫P–Æ, AU\Ï £ı∞sihÆ ˆuõ¬zx ¬k[-
QµıU-P∫P–Æ A∆¡Õƒ GŒuıP £iz- P“. C¢u ïP¡õP¯Õz u¬µ ©ÿ” ïP-
x¬h ïiØıx. ¡õP“ ˆPısh PÆ®≥mh∫P¯Õ
* AU\Ï £ı∞skPŒ¿ Service Set A›©vU-Pı˜u G⁄ AU\Ï £ı∞s-
Indentifier Gfl” ¡\v Esk. J∏ AU- ihÆ T‘⁄ı¿ ˆ|mˆ¡ı∫UQfl £ıx-
\Ï £ı∞shı⁄x u⁄x GÏGÏIi Pı®¶ Tk©¿ª¡ı?

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“System.dat”

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v⁄©ª∫ & PÆ®≥mh∫ ©ª∫ 29 ˜© 4, 2009


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v⁄©ª∫ & PÆ®≥mh∫ ©ª∫ 30 ˜© 4, 2009


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£Ø∫£ıUÏ §µƒ\∫ £Øfl£ık AvPõ®- ˆ\¥-vhƒÆ. Akzx “Junk folder on:”
£u⁄ı¿ Au¯⁄® £Øfl£kzxÆ £ª∫ Gfl£u¯⁄z ˜u∫¢ˆukUPƒÆ. Akzx
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incoming messages to:” Gfl£u¯⁄ ˆ\U E“Õ “ J ” Gfl” £mh¯⁄ A zv⁄ı¿
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v⁄©ª∫ & PÆ®≥mh∫ ©ª∫ 31 ˜© 4, 2009


Computer Malar Supplement Issue of Dinamalar Dated MAY 4, 2009 Regd .No.TN/Chief Pmg .243

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