SSE2193

Answers To Final Examination Semester 1, Session 0809

1.

N
(a) (i) X

102
100,
25


' N (100, 4)

6 X + 1.0X )
P (X 1.8X 6 X


X 1.8X X
X + 1.0X X
= P
6Z6
X
X
= P (1.8 6 Z 6 1)
= P (0 < Z < 1.8) + P (0 < Z < 1)
= 0.4641 + 0.3413 = 0.8054

N
(ii) X

25
100,
n

' N (100, 1.52 )

X =
n
5
1.5 =
n
 2
5
n =
= 11.1111 12
1.5

0.52(0.48)
(b) P1 N 0.52,
' N (0.52, 0.002496)
100


0.47(0.53)
P2 N 0.47,
' N (0.47, 0.002491)
100
P1 P2 N (0.05, 0.004987)


P (P1 < P2 ) = P (P1 P2 < 0)



0 0.05
= P Z<
0.004987
= P (Z < 0.71)
= 0.5 P (0 < Z < 0.71)
= 0.5 0.2611 = 0.2389

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2.

= 0.1 z0.05 = 1.6449

p = 6/200 = 0.03
r

r
0.03(0.97)
0.03(0.97)
0.03 1.6449
6 6 0.03 + 1.6449
200
200
0.03 0.0198 6 6 0.03 + 0.0198
0.0102 6 6 0.0498

3.

H0 : 1 = 2 versus H1 : 1 6= 2
60
75
= 0.8333; P2 =
= 0.6667;
P1 =
90
90
x1 + x2
75 + 60
PP =
=
= 0.75
n1 + n2
90 + 90
P1 P2


1
1
PP (1 PP )
+
n1 n2
0.8333 0.6667
= s


1
1
+
0.75(0.25)
90 90
= 2.5810

ztest = s

We reject H0 if |ztest | > z/2 = z0.005 = 2.5758 .

Since ztest = 2.5810 > 2.5758, we reject H0 at = 0.01.
There is a strong evidence indicating that there is a difference in support against the
current curfew hour at 12 midnight among male and female students.
4.

(a) From sample data, s2A = 11.1429 and s2B = 18.1667

f0.01, B , A = f0.01,5,6 = 8.75 and f0.01, A , B = f0.01,6,5 = 10.67
The 98% confidence interval for the ratio of B2 to A2 is
 2

sB
1
s2B

,
f0.01,A ,B
s2A f0.01,B ,A s2A


18.1667
1
18.1667

,
f0.01,6,5
11.1429 f0.01,5,6 11.1429
(0.1863, 17.3957)
2

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(b) Hypotheses: H0 : A2 = B2 versus H1 : A2 6= B2

Reject H0 if
ftest < 1/f0.01, 5, 6 (i.e. 0.1143) or ftest > f0.01, 6, 5 (i.e. 10.67)
ftest

s2A
s2B

11.1429
18.1667

= 0.6134
As ftest = 0.6134, thus 0.1143 < ftest < 10.67, hence we fail to reject H0 and
conclude that there is no significant difference in the variability of assembly time
between the two shifts.
Answer in part (a) further supports this conclusion as the 98% confidence interval
contains the ratio of 1.
or
The answer in (a) is consistent with the statement in (b).
(c) Additional assumption: A2 = B2
Thus,
s2p

(nA 1)s2A + (nB 1)s2B

nA + nB 2

(7 1)11.1429 + (6 1)18.1667
7+62
= 14.3355
= 3.7862
=

sp

Hypotheses: H0 : A = B versus H1 : A < B

Reject H0 if ttest < t0.01, 11 (= 2.718)

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ttest

xA xB 0
r
1
1
+
sp
nA nB

18.8571 24.8333
r
1 1
3.7862
+
7 6
= 2.8369
=

As ttest = 2.8369 < 2.718, we reject H0 and conclude that the shift A employees work significantly faster than that of shift B counterparts, at = 0.01.
(d) Yes.
5.

(a) H0 : X N (60, 5.52 ) versus H1 : X does not follow N (60, 5.52 )

Thickness, X
P (X < 50)

P ()
P (Z < 1.82) = 0.0344

P (50 6 X < 55)

P (1.82 < Z < 0.91) = 0.1470

P (55 6 X < 60)

P (0.91 < Z < 0) = 0.3186

P (60 6 X < 65)

P (0 < Z < 0.91) = 0.3186

P (65 6 X < 70)

P (0.91 < Z < 1.82) = 0.1470

P (X > 70)

P (Z > 1.82) = 0.0344

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Oi

Ei = nP (i)

(Oi Ei )2
Ei

O1 = 8

E1 = 194(0.0344) = 6.67

(8 6.67)2
= 0.2652
6.67

O2 = 26

E2 = 194(0.1470) = 28.52

(26 28.52)2
= 0.2227
28.52

O3 = 59

E3 = 194(0.3186) = 61.81

(59 61.81)2
= 0.1277
61.81

O4 = 67

E4 = 194(0.3186) = 61.81

(67 61.81)2
= 0.4358
61.81

O5 = 30

E5 = 194(0.1470) = 28.52

(30 28.52)2
= 0.0768
28.52

O6 = 4

E6 = 194(0.0344) = 6.67

(4 6.67)2
= 1.0688
6.67

2test = 2.1970
At = 0.05, reject H0 if 2test > 2, (= 11.070)
Since 2test = 2.1970 < 20.05,5 = 11.070, thus, we fail to reject H0 and conclude
that the thickness of all sunscreen films follows normal distribution with mean of
60 107 mm and standard deviation 5.5 107 mm.

(b) H0 : Machines breakdown and shift are independent (not related).

H1 : Machines breakdown and shift are not independent (related).

SSE2193

Oij

(Oij Eij )2
Eij

Eij

O11 = 38 E11 =

90(74)
= 33.30
200

(38 33.30)2
= 0.6634
33.30

O12 = 18 E12 =

56(74)
= 20.72
200

(18 20.72)2
= 0.3571
20.72

O13 = 18 E12 =

54(74)
= 19.98
200

(18 19.98)2
= 0.1962
19.98

O21 = 34 E21 =

90(72)
= 32.40
200

(34 32.40)2
= 0.0790
32.40

O22 = 22 E22 =

56(72)
= 20.16
200

(22 20.16)2
= 0.1679
20.16

O23 = 16 E22 =

54(72)
= 19.44
200

(16 19.44)2
= 0.6087
19.44

O31 = 18 E31 =

90(54)
= 24.30
200

(18 24.30)2
= 1.6333
24.30

56(54)
= 15.12
=
200

(16 15.12)2
= 0.0512
15.12

54(54)
= 14.58
200

(20 14.58)2
= 2.0148
14.58

O32 = 16 E32

O33 = 20 E22 =

2test = 5.7716
At = 0.05, reject H0 if 2test > 2, (= 9.488)
Since 2test = 5.7716 < 20.05, 4 = 9.488, thus, we fail to reject H0 and the machines
breakdown and shift are independent (not related).

6.

H0 : 1 = 2 = 3 = 4
H1 : i 6= j for at least one (i, j)

SSE2193

Source of
variation
Hardwood
concentration
Error
Total

Sum of
Squares

Degrees
of freedom

Mean Squares

Fcalc

362.79
130.17
492.96

3
20
23

120.93
6.51

18.576

Reject H0 if fcal > f, 1 , 2 (f0.05,3,20 = 3.10)

Since fcal = 18.576 > f0.05,3,20 = 3.10 thus reject H0 . The data provide sufficient evidence that the tensile strength is a function of hardwood concentration at significance
level.
7.

(a) (i) SXY = 857.5

SXX = 437.5
SY Y = 1712.833
Y = 141.533 1.96X
(ii) r = 0.991
There is a very high negative correlation (linear relationship) between X and
Y.
(b) There are other possible variations to the answers below - marks given
under examiners discretion
(i) As the total monthly energy usage during the month of the residential customers increase, the peak hour demand increases as well.
(ii) The value of is 0.004. Thus, the extend to which the peak hour demand
is affected by the total monthly energy usage is about this amount which is
relatively small.
(iii) Yes, since p value = 9.53E 08 < = 0.01.

8.

(a)

H0

H1

The fluoride impurity level is randomly below and

above the mean of 150 ppm
The fluoride impurity level is NOT randomly below
and above the mean of 150 ppm
7

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151
153

148 143
152

146

154

145

155

144

142

147

The total number of runs, R = 8

Let n1 = 5 and n2 = 7 then
Reject if R 6 RL = 3 or R > RU = 11.
Since 3 < R = 8 < 11, the null hypothesis must not be rejected. We conclude
that the fluoride impurity level is randomly below and above the mean of 150
ppm at 0.05 significance level.
H0 : = 0.5 vs. H1 : > 0.5
(b) X = number of +
X b(n, 0.5)
= 0.05

or
or
or

H0 : = 0.5 vs. H1 : < 0.5

Y = number of
Y b(n, 0.5)

After replacing each positive difference by a + symbol and each negative

difference by a symbol, and discarding the three zero differences, we obtain
the sequence
+ + + + + + + + ++
for which n = 12 and x = 10.
Reject H0 if P (X > x) 6

or

Reject H0 if P (Y 6 y) 6

The computed
P -value is P (X > 10) = 1 P (X 6 9) = 1 0.9807 = 0.0193 < 0.05
or
P (Y 6 2) = 0.0193 < 0.05
Reject H0 and conclude that product B is favored over product A.

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(c) H0 : X = Y vs. H1 : X 6= Y
= 0.1
Brand
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y

Time
26.3
28.1
25.9
27.7
26.3
25.8
28.5
27.7
23.2
25.8
24.1
23.5

Ranks
7.5
11
6
9.5
7.5
4.5
12
9.5
1
4.5
3
2

n = 5, m = 7
T1 = 9.5 + 1 + 4.5 + 3 + 2 = 20
T2 = 7.5 + 11 + 6. + 9.5 + 7.5 + 4.5 + 12 = 58
Reject H0 when T1 < 22 or T1 > 5(12 + 1) 22 = 43
Since T1 = 20 < 22, we reject H0 at = 0.1. We can conclude that the
ups of brand X is not identical with that of brand Y .