Creo1styear

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
PART 1A CAD COURSE
HANDOUTS & EXERCISES
A.L. Johnson P.J.G. Long V. Bateman 1
Jan 2012
Contents
Introduction to CAD
1 Background 2 Overview of Creo 2.1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.2 Datum Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sketched (Base) Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pick and Place (or Referenced) Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8
8 8 9 9 10 10 10
Modication of Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exercise 8: Simple Extruded and Revolved Parts

1 Key 2 Getting Started 3 Creating a Part 4 Task 1 - Extruded Section 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Starting an Extrusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Review/Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Edit Prole Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
12 12 13 13 13 16 16 17 17 17 18 18 18 19 20 20 21 21 21 25
Save Part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Print Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exiting Creo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 Task 2 - Keeper Plate 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 New part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Revolved Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Edit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Create a Round . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Create a Chamfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 Task 3 - Additional Components 6.1 6.2 Clamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-functional Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7 Construction and Editing (aide-memoire)
Exercise 9: Intersections, Patterns and Part Drawing (1)

3
33
1 Key 2 Getting Started 3 Task 1 - Cylinder/ Domed-Cylinder Intersection 3.1 3.2 3.3 Start Domed-Cylinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Domed-Cylinder Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cylinder Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 35 36 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 41 41 42 42 42 42 42 42 43 43 43 44 44 45 45 45 46 47 47 48
4 Task 2 - Initial Drawing 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Start a Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . First View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additional Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Display Centerlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 Task 3 - Cylinder/Dome Intersection 5.1 5.2 Cylinder 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intersection Drawing Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 Task 4 - Parent/Child Relationships 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Activate Domed-Cylinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Create a shell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Check Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reordering Model Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multiple Surface Shell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7 Task 5 - Mounting Flange 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Extruded Flange Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Revolved Flange Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mounting Holes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patterned Holes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8 Drawing 2 (Updated) 8.1 8.2 8.3 Tidy Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Isometric View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Printing a Drawing - for information ONLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9 Task 6 - Optional Challenge 9.1 9.2 Modication of existing tting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Addition of tube at 45 degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Exercise 10: Assembly Components and Part Drawing(2)

1 Key 2 Getting Started 3 Task 1 Pulley 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Start Part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Base Shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Belt Groove . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Keyway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fillets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
49
50 50 51 51 52 52 52 52 54 54 55 56 57 58 59 59 60 60 61 62 62 62
4 Task 2 2D Drawing of the Pulley 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Setting the overall Drawing Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sectioned Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tidy Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Isometric View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Printing a Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 Task 2 - Shaft 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 Base Shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Woodru Keyway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cosmetic Thread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fillets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Edit Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shaft Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exercise 11: Component Assembly and GA Drawings

1 Additional Parts 2 Sub-Assembly 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Start Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Initial Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
63
64 64 64 64 65 65 66
Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Keeper Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M12 Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9
Simplication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Roller Bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Woodru Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pulley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
66 67 68 68 68 69 69 70 70 70 70 71 71 72 72 72 72 72 73 74 74 74 75 75 75 76
2.10 Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.11 Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.12 Resume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Main Assembly 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Tensioner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sub-Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Remove Cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transparency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 Drawing 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Load Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Datum Planes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BOM Ballons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additional View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 Modied Pulley (Optional) 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thicken Flange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mounting Holes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patterned Holes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 Drawing 2 (Optional) 6.1 Suppress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exercise 12: Assemblies (2) Exercise 13: Component Design Exercise 14: Dynamic Assembly (1)
1 Dynamic Analysis 6
79 81 85
87
2 Dynamic Model Assembly 2.1 2.2 2.3 Crankshaft Sub-Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Piston Sub-Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conrod Sub-Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
88 88 89 89 89 90 90 91
3 Manipulation of Dynamic Assembly 3.1 3.2 3.3 Manual Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Automatic/Driven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Results Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exercise 15: Dynamic Assembly (2)

1 Task 1 - Static Assembly 1 2 Task 2 - Static Assembly 2 3 Task 3 - Dynamic Assembly of lift mechanism 4 Task 4 - GA drawing 2
93
94 94 95 95
Exercise 16: Sheetmetal

1 Sheetmetal Fundamentals 2 Task 1 - Extruded Bracket 3 Task 2 - Adding an additional Wall 1 3.1 3.2 Flat wall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
97
98 98 99 99
2-D drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 101 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
4 Task 3 - Robot Chassis 4.1 4.2 Solid Model of chassis
Conversion of chassis to sheetmetal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 102
5 Task 4 - Ripping the 3-D model 5.1 5.2
Insert rips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Second Drawing Sheet + Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 103
6 Task 5 - Adding Tabs to the Chassis 6.1 6.2 6.3
Flat Wall Tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Bend relief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Drawing Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 104 105
7 Task 6 - Copying Tabs 8 Task 7 - Predened wall extensions
Introduction to CAD - (Creo Parametric)
Background
Methods of Recording, Transferring & Illustrating Design Information
Method Freehand Sketching Isometric 2D Drawing 2D CAD 2/3D CAD 3D Modellers Manual Autosketch, CoCreate,Visio, ProCAD, etc AutoCAD, CADKey CATIA, nv (Unigraphics), Creo (ProEngineer) (PC Based - Solidworks, Solidedge, Pro/Desktop, Spaceclaim) System Still the basis for most designers Date 3000 B.C. + 1800 1700 1960s 1970s 1980 2000 Current Cost Cheap Decreasing Increasing up to 2000 Up to 3000 Up to 100,000 Up to 5000
Overview of Creo
Creo Parametric (Previously known as Pro/ENGINEER (Pro/E for short)) is a commercial mechanical CAD/CAM package that is widely used in industry. It is one of the newer generation of systems that not only oer a full 3-D solid modeller, in contrast to purely 2-D and surface modellers, but also has parametric functionality and is fully associativity. This means that explicit relationships can be established between design variables and changes can be made at any point in the modelling process and the whole model train will be updated. The version used in this course is Creo Parametric 1.0 which has a new icon based user interface, a trend becoming more common in engineering applications. The method of constructing a model of an object can be considered similar to that followed in the production of a physical component. For example the manufacture of the shaped block in Figure 0:1 would start with the choice of construction environment, the selection of a piece of stock material followed by a series of manufacturing processes, e.g. milling, drilling, welding/sticking. Creo has direct analogues for most of these operations as various types of FEATURES which can be combined to generate a complete representation of a PART, Creos terminology for a single component. Features fall into three main categories, Datum, Sketched and Pick and Place.
Figure 0:1: Comparison of physical and Creo methods of part construction
2.1
Features
2.1.1
Datum Features
These features are purely used as an aid to the construction of the part, a number of various forms are available the most commonly used are the:
Csys Coordinate systems which aid in the orientation of additional features and the assembly of the part in to subsequent assemblies. CSYS feature is normally the rst feature in a part denition and is used as the basis for the placement of all subsequent features. Datums These are an extension of the idea of construction lines as used on a traditional drawing. The most used type is a DATUM PLANE which allows a 2-D reference plane to be dened in space. Additional forms include DATUM AXES, DATUM POINTS and DATUM CURVES. It is normal to add three DEFAULT datum planes, immediately after the initial coordinate system, to eectively generate default x-y, x-z and y-z planes (called respectively Front, Top, Mid in the CUED standard part.) 9
2.1.2
Sketched (Base) Features
These features are so named because they all involve the use of the SKETCHER mode within Creo, (see below for more details on its use). The main features that use this functionality are: Extrude/Revolve (Protrusions) Using these features material can be added to/taken away from a part by sketching a cross-section and then extruding/revolving/sweeping the section to produce a 3-D solid/cut. A additive protrusion is normally the rst non-constructional feature in a part, and is used to produce the base solid entity of the part. Sweep/Blend These features allow the user to dene more complicated protrusions with multiple cross-sections Style/Wrap More advanced Surfacing and distortion features Rib This allows the user to produce a thin rib or web. This is a specialised version of the protrusion function. 2.1.3 Pick and Place (or Referenced) Features
Pick and place features derive their form from existing geometry and do not need to be sketched e.g. HOLES, ROUNDS and CHAMFERS. The action to produce the required eect has been preprogrammed into Creo, thus only requiring the user to indicate the position of the operation on the existing model.
2.2
Modication of Features The parametric nature of Creo Parametric that the modication of features is relatively easy, individual features can be selected and the associated parameters/dimensions changed. However, it should be noted that Creo produces a HISTORY based model in which features can be dependant on one or more previous features for their denition, e.g. a chamfer on an edge generated by a cut or protrusion. These PARENT-CHILD dependencies mean that when a parent feature is modied its children are automatically revised to reect the changes.
Care should be taken not to remove references used by child features. In most cases it is best to leave in denition of Pick and Place features until the end of the design to reduce these problems. This has a parallel in physical construction where the adding of chamfers, rounds and holes etc is left as late as possible to reduce measurement diculties.
10
Exercise 8
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING DRAWING COURSE Introduction This exercise gives a introduction to the use of an industrial standard solid modelling CAD package, Creo Parametric (Previously known as Pro/Engineer) from PTC. Problem Use Creo to model the following parts: 1. A Cylindrical Spacer using a extruded section. 2. Keeper plate using a revolved section + additional features 3. Clamp & Non-functional Block Sketch and then model items by combining a number of Creo features. N.B. Save your work at regular intervals and print out your work after each item has been competed to avoid clogging the printer at the end of the session. PLEASE MAKE SURE YOU HAVE PUT YOUR NAME, LAB. GROUP AND COLLEGE ON YOUR PRINTOUTS. THESE SHOULD BE PUT IN THE POST BOX ONCE THEY HAVE BEEN SIGNED UP.
11
Key
To aid in the use of this handout a number of conventions/fonts/abbreviations have been used to indicate the dierence between keyboard entry, Tab titles, menu items etc. These are listed below: Font Used Bold/Times: CAPITALS: Italic: Bold/Helvetica: Item menu item WINDOW/TAB and Group TITLE Keyboard inputs [hotkey] Hint Abbreviation LMB MMB RMB Action Left Mouse Button Middle Mouse Button Right Mouse Button
Menu items followed by a indicate that the user should follow the input to a cascaded or yout menu. N.B. In many cases the choices required are the default and therefore do not need to be individually selected. Central to the use of the package is the ability to obtain the best view of the object you are constructing, e.g. the orientation and the display mode. Access to commands aecting the display are concentrated under the VIEW group menu and the top icon bar. In addition the orientation can be manipulated with a combination of the Ctrl/Shift keys and the mouse. Key/Mouse (N.B. The Ctrl key can normally be released once the action has been initiated.) - Middle Mouse Button Ctrl - Middle Mouse Button (up/down) Ctrl - Middle Mouse Button (left/right) Shift - Middle Mouse Button Spin Zoom in/out Turn Translate/Pan Action
N.B. For further infomation on mouse actions see the quick reference quide at the end of Exercise 8
Getting Started
Ensure you system is booted into Windows. (If in Linux switch the computer o and on again. Then enter windows at the prompt.) Start Creo using the icon ( ) on the desktop.
This will start the package, and set the working directory (where your les will be stored) to F:\\userid\ptc\. Within this area are a number of predened directories, ex8 9, ex10 12, ex13 14.., which will be used to store the work for each of the drawing exercises. To change to the directory for this exercise select FILE Set Working Directory (or use the hotkey option cd) and then select the directory ex8 9 from the le browser window, close with OK. 12
Creating a Part
Use the LMB to select the NEW icon ( ) on the top menu bar, this will start an automatic procedure to generate a new part using the default course settings. After a few seconds a menu will appear prompting for the name of a part, type spacer1 xxx123 (where xxx123 is your userid) and then press ENTER or click (LMB) on OK. This will initiate a procedure to set up the default coordinate system and datum planes (Front, Mid, Top) which will appear in the main window. ) in the ribbon bar or quick access toolbar N.B. The brown Datum icons ( can be used to toggle the display of datum features
Cylindrical Spacer
Extruded Sketched X-section
(a)
(b)
Figure 8:1: (a) Example Cylindrical Spacer (b) Extrude Tool used to generate Spacer
Task 1 - Extruded Section
The Extrude function, often used to generate an initial part (c.f. the concept of stock material in a workshop), is used to produce the basis of a cylindrical spacer, as shown in gures 8:1 (a) & (b).
4.1
Starting an Extrusion Create a base protrusion (stock material) by

) from the CUED model ribbon, this will initiate the ) overlaying the icon ribbon.
selecting the Extrude Tool icon ( Extrude Dashboard ( Create a Section
It is possible to use an exisiting sketch as the basis of a sketched feature, here however use the internal sketch option by RMBDene Internal Sketch. This will open a SKETCH window and a prompt in the message window to Select a plane or surface to dene sketch plane. Moving the mouse over the main window will highlight (in light green) each of the possible sketch planes. 13
Section Menu
Using the LMB, select the plane FRONT when highlighted or in the Model Tree window. Immediately the menu will be populated with default values and also indicated on the main window. 1. An arrow indicates the direction of view of the sketch plane The direction can be changed using the Flip button, in this example any direction will be suitable. 2. The sketchplane can be presented on the screen in any angle and a preferred orientation can be selected by using the reference and orientation menu items. In most cases Creo makes an intelligent guess at the required orientation and therefore the default can be accepted. In this case choose the defaults, by selecting Sketch. N.B. Sketch is highlighted on a raised button in the menu and can thus be selected as the default option in the menu by pressing the MMB (with the pointer in the main window), see above. N.B. If you are condent of the view you wish to use, just selecting the required sketching plane, without using RMBDene Internal Sketch, will automatically open the sketcher 3. (Dimension References) To automatically dimension any entity drawn the system needs a local dimensioning reference. When the sketcher mode is entered the system automatically selects default references suitable for dimensioning the sketch. Should you need to change or add to the reference start the REFERENCES window, from SETUP References, which lists the entities that have been choosen as default references and indicated in the sketching window by light blue dash-dot-dot lines. In this example the default references should be F1(MID) and F2(TOP) thus select (LMB) Close . Any further drawing on this plane will be referenced to this temporary coordinate system. (N.B. It can be useful at this stage to Deselect the Datum Plane icon to simplify display) 4. Sketching a Section 14
Figure 8:2: Initial sketcher mode layout. Using the sketch circle function, accessed via either the circle icon (in the ribbon) or by selecting the Circle entry on the oating menu (Opened by using the RMB while the pointer is over the main drawing window), draw two concentric circles, of arbitary size, centered on the intersection of the reference lines, see Figure 8:2. To draw a circle move the pointer, (modied to a cross once the circle function has been selected) over the intersection, click/select (LMB) to set the centre then drag the pointer and click/select to dene the circle radius. Click LMB once to place circle, click MMB once to end the operation and to return to standard pointer. To delete unwanted items, select the entity (line will turn green) and then select delete by holding down RMB Delete. Multiple entities can be selected by dragging a boundary using the LMB (Should artifacts be left on the window use the Repaint icon in the quick access bar ( ) or the hot-key sequences (CTRL) + R or vr) to refresh the screen. Note : (a) The pointer has intellegence and snaps as it approaches an intersection/circle centre/line etc (b)Pressing MMB once while drawing an entity will abort the operation and return to the standard select option. Once drawn the system will allocate default dimensions to the entities, which are displayed in grey. The values are based on the screen resolution/setup and any previous components of the part. (It is worthwhile spending some time familiarising yourself with the sketcher mode - add lines, rectangles etc and then delete them.) (Sections suitable for extrusion, e.g. enclosed areas, no un attached lies or double lines are lled in in light orange.) Although the dimensions for our spacer are not correct at this stage the sketch 15
is complete and the sketcher mode can be exited be selecting the Tick in the ribbon, RMB OK or hotkey sx (Sketch eXit). This changes the colour of the extrusion to orange and re-enables the protrusion dashboard. Solid/Surface ( )
Leave the default setting of the rst and second dashboard icons, e.g. the extrude as solid option (rst icon) selected. Depth ( )
The left depth icon allows the user to select details of the extent of the extrusion, accept the default (Extrude from sketch plane by a specied depth value.) Adjust the depth to 32 by chosing one of the following techniques: 1. Enter value in the eld on dashboard 2. Selecting and dragging the square handle (small white square, on axis) on the extrusion in the main window. Note it can be dicult to acccurately choose a value using this technique. 3. Double clicking, with LMB, on the dimension in the main window and entering the required value. Verify/Preview ( )
The dened feature can now be temporarily previewed by verify icon ( ), from the right hand end of the dashboard. If an error exists individual elements of the protrusion can be modied by re-selecting the appropriate icon. Exit ( ) ) or MMB.
Once completed the protrusion can be accepted by selecting the tick ( N.B. Selecting the cross will cancel the generation of the feature.
4.2
Review/Display The Protrusion can now be rotated and/shaded to improve
the view of the feature. 1. Press the MMB to rotate the model. Use MMB in conjuction with SHIFT and CTRL to pand and zoom respectively. 2. Select Shading, Wireframe etc icons ( )
3. You can also reset the view and repaint it. These options are available by choosing VIEW pull down menu or from the icon bar ( )( ).
4.3
Edit Prole Dimensions There are several ways of modifying a features
dimensions, including 1. Select the feature (Extrude 1) in the Model Tree or drawing screen, (Highlight protrusion feature in light blue and select with LMB) and then using the RMB select Edit. The dening dimensions are displayed in the main window, Select the value to be modied (double click LMB) and enter the value at the prompt. 16
(a)
(b)
Figure 8:3: (a) Editing the Outer diameter (b) Edit Denition, selecting Edit internal sketch Modify the inner diameter to 13, the outer diameter to 40 and the length to 80. N.B. Dimension values switch from blue to green when they have been modied. To action the modications select Regenerate from the ribbon, the image will animate to the new dimensions. (N.B. The regenerate function can also be actioned by (a) Using the hotkeys rg (b) Selecting the Regenerate icon 2. Select the required feature and in the yout menu (RMB) select Edit Denition which will return to the protrusion dashboard. Where the feature can be edited and previewed prior to regeneration. If required the section can be redened by selecting RMBEdit Internal Sketch.
4.4 4.5
Save Part Use the setup Save function or save icon (
) to save the part in
its current form. (Hotkey sw, Save Window)
Print Screen To record the current work, arrange the windows on the desktop to show the main drawing window, with the part displayed, MODEL TREE menu and then select PRINT Screen
from the ribbon or the top menu bar.
4.6
Exiting Creo If you need to exit Creo, select FILEExit. The system will
then prompt the user to save each of the components, constructed to date, in turn. (To speed the exit process type either a or q (save all items or discard all items, respectively) at the prompt)
17
Task 2 - Keeper Plate
Cylindrical Spacer
Revolved Sketched X-section
Figure 8:4: Revolve Tool used to generate Spacer This example demonstrates an alternative method of producing a spacer, using a revolved cross-section to dene the solid material. The procedure is very similar to the previous example and therefore less explanation has been included
5.1
New part Select the NEW PART icon again and name the new part keeper xxx123. (xxx123=userid) Selecting OK will set up the default datum planes as in the last Task 5.2 Revolved Feature Select the Revolve Tool icon (
) and then
systematically work from left right along the dashboard Section Use the internal sketch option (RMB Dene Internal Sketch) and choose FRONT as the sketch plane and accept the defaults for the direction, reference plane and orientation. Accept the default drawing references
Figure 8:5: Axis of rotation and cross-section for the revolved section. 18
To complete the section it is neccessary to dene both the axis of rotation and the revolved section 1. To dene the axis of rotation select RMB Centreline to choose the centreline tool. To place select (LMB) the intersection of the reference line and drag and reselect vertically above to produce a vertical centreline aligned to the reference origin. It can be changed into the axis-of-rotation via RMBAxis of Rotation. 2. Use either the Rectangle or line functions to sketch one side of the spacer parallel to the axis of rotation, see Figure 8:5 By default the soft dimensions chosen by the system are shown as one radius + a thickness. To redene dimensions, select the RMB Dimension tool and then select the two ends of the dimension required and then MMB to place the dimension. 3. Exit the sketcher mode using the Tick in the ribbon bar (or RMBOK [hotkey sx]).
(a)
(b)
Figure 8:6: (a) Use drag handles (white square) to dynamically adjust the angle of rotation (b) Preview of 360o revolved section Edit Experiment using the drag handle to adjust the angle of rotation and then ensure that the dimension eld is 360o.
The dimension pulldown menu has standard dimensions and recently used dimensions, useful when switching between trial values. Preview ( Exit ( ) Use the Verify/Preview icon to check the completed revolved entity
) Exit the revolve tool
5.3 Edit . Using LMB to select and the RMB Edit command change the inner radius to 13, the outer radius to 40 and the length to 9. Do not forget to regenerate (select to update the values.
19
5.4
Create a Round Selecting the round tool icon ( ) or hotkey xf eXtrude Fillet starts the round/llet dashboard and a message prompt Select an edge or chain of edges, or a surface to create a round set.
Radius Set the round radius to 3.5 mm. Edges Although there are a large number of options, accept the defaults and using the highlight/select function select the two outer edges of the spacer. N.B. the most recently accepted edge is highlighted in red and is dynamically adjustable. Review Check, preview and Exit round tool ) operates in a similar manner to the round tool. Use it to add chamfers to each end of the bore. Style Select the chamfer style to 45 x D Size Set D to 1.0 mm Edges Select the two edges of the bore
5.5
Create a Chamfer The chamfer tool (
Save Part Save the completed part using the save icon (
) or FILE Save .
Print Select the window and then select PRINTPrintScreen.
20
6
6.1
Task 3 - Additional Components

Clamp Using the supplied isometric paper or plain paper sketch the clamp
shown in gure 8:7 and then use the techniques you have learnt to construct it by extruding, using both solidll and cuts.
Figure 8:7: Orthographic views of a simple clamp
Non-functional Blocks Further experiment with the techniques you have learnt so far by sketching and then modelling one or more entities similar to that shown in gure 8:8.
6.2
Figure 8:8: Non-functional Blocks. (a) Sketch using isometric paper (b) Corresponding CAD model A.L. Johnson P.J.G. Long V. Bateman Jan 2012
21
22
23
Construction and Editing (aide-memoire)

Select (RMB) required feature icon and wait for the dashboard to appear
Base (Sketched) Feature Creation
If an internal sketch is required, RMB Dene Internal Sketch Select (RMB) required drawing surface (typically a datum plane or existing surface) Accept the default references or select and additional plane for orientation of the sketcher view.
Accept (reset or augment) the sketching references Sketch required section Exit sketcher with tick Select OK from the sketch menu to return to the dashboard. (N.B. Selectable with MMB as it is the default option)
Set additional feature parameters (typically work from left on dashboard. N.B. Additional options available from the pull down menus below the dashboard icons
Preview the feature to allow the system to check the features parameters fully before accepting the feature Click resume to return to the dashboard or the tick/X to exit the feature creation. 25
Methods for Editing a Feature EDIT Select a feature. (N.B. If the model is complicated it can be easier to select in the model tree) Use RMB to select Edit, shows all the dimensions used to dene the feature in yellow in the main drawing window. Use double click select to an dimension and then edit the value in the edit box. (Dimension will change green once it has been edited) To action edit(s) select the regenerate icon, or use the hotkey rg EDIT DEFINITION Select a feature. Using RMB to select Edit Denition, returns the system to the feature denition dashboard. Modify/Select feature options/parameters as if dening the initial feature. (N.B. Some changes may eect child features or references used by other components in an assembly) Preview the changes and re-edit required Exit the feature redenition using the tick icon EDIT INTERNAL SKETCH Select the main feature (or internal sketch from the menu tree) and RMB Edit Denition returns the system to the feature denition dashboard as above. Selecting RMBEdit Internal Sketch over the main window or SketchEdit from the dashboard PLACEMENT menu returns the system to the SKETCH menu. Selecting sketch initiates the Sketcher mode with the original settings. Edit the sketch as required and exit using the Tick. (N.B. Deletion/modication of a line may cause child features to fail if they 26 are used as a reference.)
27
28
29
30
31
32
Exercise 9
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING DRAWING COURSE Introduction This exercise introduces some extensions to the techniques learnt in the previous lesson to model a water tting. In addition, the method of generating 2D drawings is introduced. Problem 1. Cylinder/Domed-Cylinder Intersection 2. Initial Drawing 3. Extrusion using an auxiliary plane 4. Update Drawing Note the changes in the drawing and update the dimensions on the drawing. 5. Parent/Child Relationships 6. Flange and Patterned Holes 7. OPTIONAL CHALLENGE - Modication of tting PLEASE MAKE SURE YOU HAVE PUT YOUR NAME, LAB. GROUP AND COLLEGE ON YOUR PRINTOUTS Overleaf are a number of questions designed to test your understanding of the tasks. The questions can be be answered during or after the whole exercise, but it is useful to refer to them as you undertake individual tasks.
33
Questions 1. Why do the two cylinders act dierently when shelled? Rearrange Protrusions/Shell Features Select (RMB) individual features (e.g. the extrudes and shell) and attempt to rearrange the order by dragging and dropping them in the Model Tree. 2. Why can you not place the shell before all the protrusions? 3. Why can one of the plain protrusions be placed before the domed cylinder and not the other? 4. Why does the ange have to be added as an additional feature rather than as part of the rst revolve with this type of model construction? 5. Why is the rst of the mounting holes set at 55o and not 0o ? (N.B.) Write your answers on the back of your last drawing.
34
Key
Menu items followed by a indicate that the user should follow the input to a cascaded or yout menu. N.B. In many cases the choices required are the default and therefore do not need to be individually selected. Central to the use of the package is the ability to obtain the best view of the object you are constructing, e.g. the orientation and the display mode. Access to commands aecting the display are concentrated under the VIEW group menu and the top icon bar. In addition the orientation can be manipulated with a combination of the Ctrl/Shift keys and the mouse. Key/Mouse (N.B. The Ctrl key can normally be released once the action has been initiated.) - Middle Mouse Button +Ctrl - Middle Mouse Button (up/down) Ctrl - Middle Mouse Button (left/right) Shift - Middle Mouse Button Spin Zoom in/out Turn Translate/Pan Action
Getting Started
Ensure you system is booted into Windows. (If in Linux switch the computer o and on again. Then enter windows at the prompt.) Start Creo using the icon ( ) on the desktop.
Figure 9:1: Construction of the initial revolved feature and rst extrusion
Task 1 - Cylinder/ Domed-Cylinder Intersection
Using the techniques described in exercise 8, produce a domed-ended cylinder, see Figure 9:1, intersected by a second cylinder.
3.1 3.2
Start Domed-Cylinder Select the NEW PART icon again and name the Domed-Cylinder Section
)
new part water tting1 xxx123 OK. (xxx123=userid)
Start Revolved Extrusion (
Select the FRONT plane as the sketching plane and accept the default directions Centreline Insert a vertical centreline/axis-of-rotation vertical aligned to the vertical reference (From the line pullout menu or RMB Centerline). Once drawn convert it to a axis-of-rotation via the RMB. Dome Geometry Draw a half section of the cylinder, and set the dening dimensions to be a base diameter of 75 mm, a dome radius of 37.5 mm and an overall height of 100 mm. N.B. To override the default radius dimension and generate a diameter is a 4 click operation. Using the dimension tool select (1) a base corner of the cylinder (2) the centreline (3) the corner again and nally MMB to place Exit Exit the sketcher mode using the Tick ( )
) Accept Use the default 360o revolution, check the completed Preview/Exit ( entity and exit with the ( )
36
Figure 9:2: Sketcher layout of cylinder
3.3
Cylinder Section Generate a intersecting cylinder by using the extrude tool to generate a protrusion from the MID datum plane.
Start Extrusion ( )
Select the MID plane as the sketching plane and accept the default directions Cylinder Geometry Sketch a small circle in approximately the right position and then dimension as shown in Figure 9:2, i.e. horizontal oset 20 mm, diameter 15 mm, vertical position 20 mm and then exit the sketcher mode. Depth Set the extrusion to a blind depth of 75 mm. Preview and Accept ( , ).
If the screen becomes confused due to incorrect redrawing, select VIEWRepaint, the repaint icon ( ) or vr to refresh the display
Save Part Use the FILE Save function or (

form.
) to save the part in its current
Print Display the main window and MODEL TREE menu on the screen and select
( )
Task 2 - Initial Drawing
Even though the direct link from CAD to CAM (Computer aided manufacture) is increasingly common there is still a need to produce 2-D drawings, in Creo this is a relatively painless procedure as the hard work has already been completed in the model generation. 37
In addition, when constructing a model it is often useful to be able to see a standard set of orthogonal views of the object or assembly being drawn. The drawing can aid with visualisation and with design, a pencil sketch on paper is often faster than the generation of complex CAD constructions when trying to get a feel for orientation, and sizing etc. The advantage of the associativity of packages like Creo mean that as features are added or dimensions changed the model and drawing are both updated
4.1
Start a Drawing (By default the system attempts to draw the currently
active solid model, so to draw the water tting, ensure that this is selected. If required reselect the window, use the WINDOW menu, or reload/open the model) To open a new drawing select FILENewdrawing. Enter the name of the drawing, wtting and select OK The NEW DRAWING menu should now appear, ensure that the default model eld is water tting.prt, ensure the Empty with format option is selected and the format eld is a4 part.frm. (Use the browse facility if required) Selecting OK will initiate the drawing window.
Figure 9:3: Initial General View and Orientated of master view
4.2
First View To generate and locate the rst view
Figure 9:4: Setting initial view orientation Insert View select RMB Insert General View or INSERT Drawing View general. 38
Placement The user is now requested to choose the location for the master view by a prompt in the message window select CENTER POINT for drawing view. Selecting (LMB) a position near the bottom right of the drawing surface will result in a default (isometric) view being placed followed by the opening of the DRAWING VIEW window, see Figure 9:4, set in the VIEW TYPES mode. View Orientation The Orientation functions can be used to obtain the direction of a view. A number of predened named views are available and normally enable the initial view to be placed simply. See the scrollable list shown when the views names in model option is selected. A suitable master view for this drawing is probably FRONT or BACK, select the view e.g. Front and then Apply. Review and correct if required. Select OK to exit back to the drawing.
4.3
Additional Views Additional views can now be added, with the view
orientated automatically. Using the default menu choices add two more views to your drawing. Add View Select the view you wish to project from using the LMB, the view will be highlighted with a dashed red box. Use RMB Insert Projection View, ( ) N.B. If an existing view is selected the system assumes that the next view required is a projection. Placement Use the LMB over the drawing area to select the position of the two views, the system will ensure that the correct projection is shown. Relocate views Using LMB to select a view (highlighted in with a red box) and then holding LMB down drag the view to the required location. Select with LMB in a clear area of the drawing to deselect a view. (If the view does not move deselect the Lock View Movement option from the RMB context sensitive menu) Set Display mode Select the Hidden Line display option ( ) on the icon bar and deselect the datum icons to display a clean drawing. N.B. No Hidden (and Wireframe) can be used if required.
4.4
Display Centerlines Select Annotate Show Ann or (
) to open the
Show Annotations window. Select the axis icon and either choose Select all or individual axis.
Drawing Dimensions Add the basic dimensions the drawing using the Show Ann
(otations) function ( ) as above, and add specic dims using Select show ( choose the dimension you wish to include. ) and
N.B. there may be duplicate or superuous dimensions, these can be deleted by selecting RMBDelete.
Print Screen ( ). 39
Figure 9:5: (a) Show-Erase Menu (b) Accept All
Task 3 - Cylinder/Dome Intersection
Figure 9:6: Incomplete drawing of the second extrusion intersection In this task the extrude function is used with an auxiliary plane together with a non-blind depth. The cylinder intersects with the domed-end of the main cylinder and extends to 75mm from the centerline. Figure 9:6 is an incomplete version of the drawing, sketch your 40
estimate of the line of intersection on each of the views, denote hidden lines of intersection as dashed line. Check your answer once you have completed the next section.
5.1
Cylinder 2 The generation of the oset extrusion, (i.e. starting from a plane
oset from another plane) is very similar to the that of a normal extrusion but with the additional requirement of dening an new datum plane. Start an extruded feature with ) or hotket x1 eXtrude 1 sided. ( Generate section When prompted to Select a plane... a new plane is required : 1. choose the Datum Plane Tool ( ) from the ribbon bar.
2. Select the FRONT plane to complete the Reference in the DATUM PLANEPlacement window that opens 3. Set the Oset (Translation) to 75 mm OK 4. Check (modify) the Sketch Orientation and then exit the SECTION window. 5. accept the default dimension references 6. Sketch a second protrusion, diameter 35 mm and tangent to the top of the dome. The tangent constraint can be achieved either by adjusting the dimensions or using a xed constraint which adapts to future changes in dimensions etc. To x an tangent constrain select the tangent constraint icon ( ) from the constraints menu. Selecting the top of the dome and the circle of the cylinder will force a tangent constraint
Constraint Actions Make lines vertical Make lines horizontal Perpendicular 7. Exit the Sketcher Mode with Tick. Depth select Upto Surface ( ), see Figure 9:7(a). ), to ip. Tangent Point in the middle of line Align line/point Symmetry about C-line Equal lengths Parallel
Direction Ensure the extrusion is towards the existing model, us ( Preview and Accept ( , ).
N.B. The combination of the datum plane and extrusion are combined as a Group, see the MODEL TREE. The group can be expanded to allow edit access to the individual features. The group (as can other features) can be renamed with select RMBRename
5.2
Intersection Drawing Review re-activate the wtting drawing and
after selecting no-hidden
Save and Print Screen

41
(a)
(b)
Figure 9:7: (a) Set Material Depth (b) Completed Modied tting
Task 4 - Parent/Child Relationships
Creo Parametric is a history based CAD package, where features can be dependant on previous features.(N.B. In most case, all features are children of the initial datum planes.) In this task the modied domed-cylinder is shelled and the position of the shell operation/feature is moved in the model tree.packages.
6.1 6.2
Activate Domed-Cylinder Ensure that the Water Fitting window is Create a shell Activate the shell tool, (
) or hotket xs, eXtrude Shell.
active, select via the WINDOW pull-down menu.
Select (LMB) the at surface at the base of the domed-cylinder, (note the selection lter, at the bottom right of the window, switches to surface). Complete the shell by setting the (wall) thickness to 3.0 mm. ( , ) when complete).
6.3 6.4
Check Drawing Reload the Drawing window, and note that the drawing has
been updated.
Reordering Model Tree Select the shell feature in the MODEL TREE menu and the drag/drop, in the tree, before the various protrusions. Note the eect after each insertion. 6.5 Multiple Surface Shell To allow access for liquid via the side ports of the tting, redene the shell to include the end faces of the extrusions.
Select the shell feature in the MODEL TREE menu and then RMB Edit Denition. Add the two end faces using <CTRL> and LMB selection. Exit the shell tool
42
Figure 9:8: Water tting with mounting ange
Task 5 - Mounting Flange
The water tting is designed to bolt to the end of a pipe with a anged-joint. Using either a extrude or a revolved section add an additional 20 mm thick x 120 mm OD ange to the base of the domed-cylinder, see Figure 9:8, together with 4 x 10.5 mm holes equi-spaced on a 100mm PCD.
7.1
Extruded Flange Notes
1. Although it may be possible to use an existing datum plane as the sketching plane it is recommended to use the end of the domed-cylinder. This will ensure that the ange remains attached if the cylinder length is altered. 2. Make the internal radius of the ange identical to that of the domed-cylinder by using the equal dimension constraint. ( )
7.2
Revolved Flange Notes
1. In order that the ange is always attached to the end of of the domed-cylinder, even if its dimensions are changed, ensure that (a) The attachment edge is aligned to the end of the cylinder (b) The inner diameter is aligned to the inner diameter of the cylinder, as generated by the shelling operation.
43
7.3
Mounting Holes Use the Hole Tool (
) to model a simple 10.5 mm
diameter clearance hole. Hole Type Select a Simple Hole Hole Dimensions Set the Diameter to 10.5 mm Depth - Upto next surface ( ) This option ensures the hole depth will be automatically adjusted if the surface is moved, e.g ange thickness is changed. Hole Placement
1. Select a point on the at surface of the ange. 2. Select Placement Type Diameter 3. Highlight the second reference eld and select the axis of the domed cylinder unit as the Axial Reference 4. Set the Pitch Circle Diameter, (PCD) to 100 mm 5. Using <CTRL> and LMB, select a datum plane (typically FRONT or TOP) as the angular reference and set the angle to 55o .
7.4
Patterned Holes The previous section (7.3) dened a simple hole on a PCD
oset at an angle (55o ) from a datum. This angle can now be used to duplicate the holes. Select hole feature from the model tree or from the main drawing window and then using RMB Pattern (or EDIT pattern) activate the Pattern dashboard. 1. In response to the request to Select dimensions to vary in the rst direction select the oset angle of 55o. (It may be necessary to rotate the model around to see this dimension clearly.) 2. A dimension increment enter box will appear, initially set to 55, change to 90. 3. At the Number of Pattern Members (1) eld (second from left) enter 4
Exit the dashboard ( ) and after a few seconds the pattern should appear on the part and in the MODEL TREE. 44
Drawing 2 (Updated)
Reselect the window containing the drawing, and see that the drawing has been updated.
8.1
Tidy Drawing The position of symbols and text can be moved using the
LMB to select a item which can then be dragged to the required position. MMB to stop, LMB to exit move. A large number functions are available via the RMB context sensitive menus, see Figure 9:9, and from the INSERT and FORMAT menus. (See FORMAT Decimal Places.. to change default number display and therefore implied accuracy)
(a)
(b)
(c)
Figure 9:9: Examples of context sensitive Pull out Menus, (a) On background (b) On selection of 1 dimension (c) Multiple dimension selection Use the functions, details about some are given below, to tidy the dimensioning etc. (Also see Figure 9:10) Cleanup Dimensions: Multiple selection RMB automatically aligns dimensions on a user denable spacing. Move Item to View: Single or Multiple selection allows dimension etc to be switched between views. Flip Arrows: Single or Multiple selection allows dimension arrows to be realigned Properties (Background): Allows sheet/layout to be changed Properties (Single): Change value, format, font etc. Text Style: Change text in multiple dimensions etc.
8.2
Isometric View The advantage of CAD is that it is relatively easy to add additional views. It is often useful to add an Isometric view to aid visualisation. To add a general view select RMB Insert General View
Accept the default settings, except : Set Default Orientation to Isometric 45
Figure 9:10: Example of a dimensioned drawing of the completed water tting Select SCALE Custom Scale and set an appropriate scale Place and orientate the view in a blank part of the drawing, see Figure 9:10.
Print Screen from the top menu bar or the print pull down menu
8.3
Printing a Drawing - for information ONLY

**** USE Print Screen for this exercise (see above)****
N.B. By default the system prints the drawing that is visible on the screen, To print the whole drawing either select VIEW ORIENTATION View Ret or use LMB + CTRL to zoom to the required view. N.B. Some printers may not allow the printing of shaded views Select the printer icon or Print from the File/Setup menu. Select MS print control
46
Task 6 - Optional Challenge
Once you have had your work checked by a demonstrator, investigate further the functions you have been using by adjusting and then adding to your model to obtain a tting similar to the one drawn in the last hand drawing exercise, see Figure 9:11.
Figure 9:11: Adjusted tting
9.1
Modication of existing tting The main structure can adjusted to the
new shape by simply selecting individual features and using the RMB to access the Edit and Edit Denition facilities. The order of operations below will work, but there are are other routes to the same result. NB however some orders of operation will not work due to Parent-Child relationship problems. 1. Select the initial revolved section and using the RMB edit modify the height to 50mm. Do not forget to regenerate! 2. Edit the denition of the shell to remove the end surfaces of the extruded tubes 3. Select and suppress the extruded tubes
47
9.2
Addition of tube at 45 degree There are a number of dierent ways of
producing the required extrusion, e.g. revolved section, extrusion and cut... The method here uses oset datum planes, a technique that works well with models that might require dimensions to be changed. 1. Add a auxiliary datum axis through two of the primary datum planes 2. Add a auxiliary datum plane through the new axis at 45o to the existing horizontal/vertical. (NB Useful to add a secondary master datum plane if it is likely that other oset datum planes are going to be required.) 3. Add new oset datum plane 4. Extrude main tube as a solid up to the surface of the dome 5. Add the ange by extruding from the datum plane (or end surface of the tube) 6. Add Coaxial hole up to the next surface 7. Add and pattern ange holes
A.L. Johnson P.J.G. Long V. Bateman
Jan 2012
48
Exercise 10
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING DRAWING COURSE Introduction These tasks build on the experience gained in Exercises 8 and 9, to model two components of a belt tensioner assembly The simplicity and power of CAD is then used to modify the pulley and produce an detail drawing. Problem Use Creo to model draw the following sample parts: 1. Pulley 2. Drawing of the Pulley 3. Shaft 4. Drawing of the Shaft N.B. Save your work at regular intervals and print out your work after each item has been completed to avoid clogging the printer at the end of the session.
49
Key
Menu items followed by a indicate that the user should follow the input to a cascaded or yout menu. N.B. In many cases the choices required are the default and therefore do not need to be individually selected. Central to the use of the package is the ability to obtain the best view of the object you are constructing, e.g. the orientation and the display mode. Access to commands aecting the display are concentrated under the VIEW group menu and the top icon bar. In addition the orientation can be manipulated with a combination of the Ctrl/Shift keys and the mouse. Key/Mouse (N.B. The Ctrl key can normally be released once the action has been initiated.) - Middle Mouse Button Ctrl - Middle Mouse Button (up/down) Ctrl - Middle Mouse Button (left/right) Shift - Middle Mouse Button Spin Zoom in/out Turn Translate/Pan Action
Getting Started
Ensure you system is booted into Windows, reboot and enter windows at the prompt if required. Start Creo using the icon ( ) on the desktop.
Figure 10:1: Section of the basic Pulley
Task 1 Pulley
Generate a model of a pulley, see Figure 10:1, using the following constructional steps. (The pulley will be used again in Exercise 11.) 1. Revolve general shape 2. Revolve a cut to generate the belt groove 3. Use a both sided cut to produce the keyway 4. Add llets (Round tool)
3.1
Start Part Use the New (
) function to start a part called pulley xxx123
(xxx123 = userid)
13 25 5
100 36 20
(a)
(b)
Figure 10:2: Basic Pulley Section. (a) Section Dimensions & (b) Finished protrusion 51
3.2
Base Shape Use the basic revolve tool ( shape, Figure 10:2(a) for dimensions.
) to generate the basic pulley
Occasionally it can be dicult to resize a complex sketch, where the system has choosen oversized dimensions. Select all the dimensions and RMB Modify. Select Lock Scale, in the modify window, and adjust one dimension to keep the general shape.
3 3
15
15
64
(a)
(b)
Figure 10:3: Belt groove. (a) Dimensions & (b) Pulley with the basic cut.
3.3
Belt Groove Again use the revolve tool, with the remove material option, to
generate the base shape of the belt groove in the pulley, see Figure 10:3.
1.8 (Depth 4mm) Cut Section
(a)
(b)
Figure 10:4: Keyway. (a) Dimensions & (b) Finished keyway
3.4
Keyway Use the extrude tool, ( ) with the remove material option, to generate the keyway, Figure 10:4. Draw the section oversize and only modify the one critical dimension. Use the Extrude on both sides... option ( ) for depth, by default this sets the extrude depth symetrically about the sketch plane. 3.5 Fillets Use the round tool, ( ), to insert four 4 mm rounds in the groove and at the end of the pulley, see Figure 10:5(a).
Use <CTRL> LMB select on the second and subsequent edge selections to ensure that all the rounds are part of one set, and are driven by one dimension 52
R4
R4
R4
(a)
(b)
Figure 10:5: Casting/Machined Fillets (a) Fillet Positions (b) Finished Pulley
Print an image of the completed pulley, using the Print Screen command accessed
from the top menu or the Setup /File area.
Save the model using the FILE save, (
) or hotkey sequence sw, (Save Window).
53
Figure 10:6: Dimensioned drawing of the Pulley
Task 2 2D Drawing of the Pulley
Use the techniques learnt in exercise 9 to generate a 2-D drawing of the pulley.
Start a Drawing To open a new drawing select FILEdrawingsNew Part

drawing A4. Enter the name of the drawing, pulley and select Resume
First View Generate and locate the rst view

Insert View the rst view by pressing LMB at the point on the cheet you wish the view to be. View Orientation By default the view will be places with Front parallel to the screen. Re-orient the view as required using the predened view names, e.g.Front and angles. Scale, Display type etc Adjust as required, see next section.
4.1
Setting the overall Drawing Scale To change the overall scale of a
drawing double click LMB on the scale information at the bottom left of the main window. At the prompt line enter the value you require, 1.0 is a suitable scale for this drawing. N.B. Normally drawings scales are limited to multiples of standard scales, e.g. 1:1 1:2 1:2.5 1:4 1:5 (1, 0.5, 0.4, 0.25, 0.2) 54
Additional Views Again using the techniques used in exercise 9 add additional
views, to recap: Add View Select the view you wish to project from using the LMB, the view will be highlighted with a dashed red box. Use RMB Insert Projection View, ( ). Placement Use the LMB over the drawing area to select the position of the two views, the system will ensure that the correct projection is shown. Relocate views Use the LMB to select a view (highlighted in with a red box) and then holding LMB down drag the view to the required location.
Figure 10:7: Drawing View/Sections menu completed for a half section view similar to that in gure 10:6
Display Centerlines Add centerlines to the drawing, select the view(s) you wish to
operate on Select Annotate Show Ann or ( ) to open the Show Annotations window.
Select the axis icon and either choose Select all or individual axis.
Drawing Dimensions Add the basic dimensions the drawing using the Show Ann
) as above, and add specic dims using Select show ( (otations) function ( choose the dimension you wish to include. ) and
4.2
Sectioned Views As Creo is a solid modeller it can be used to automatically
generate cross-sections. To change an existing view to a cross section Drawing View Select the view you wish to change and use RMB properties to start the DRAWING VIEW menu. Sections Selecting the menu option Sections will open the SECTION Options sub-menu. 2D Section Selecting the option 2D cross-section and then pressing the add icon activates the section table. Selecting create opens the XSEC CREATE menu. Accept the defaults (Planar, Single and Done). 55
Section Name At the prompt enter the name for the section, normally a single letter, e.g. X. N.B. Parts started with the CUED new part function will have sections A,B and C predened and the system will by default choose the most appropriate. A is dened on the FRONT plane, B - MID and C - TOP Section plane The system now prompts the user for the plane of section via the SETUP PLANE menu. Using the default option Plane select the plane of section you require. Normally a datum plane in an adjacent projected view, this is from ease of selecting and stability of the drawing should an associated dimension be changed in the model. Section Area The system oers a number of standard sectioning techniques, Full, Half, Local, Full (Unfold) Full (Aligned) (Only the Full, Half,and local options are considered here). Each require various amounts of additional information to be completed. Details of the options required are: 1. Reference and Boundary These options are only used for the Half and Local section options. In the Half section option the Reference is used to dene the plane at which the section begins, the boundary option denes which side of the line is sectioned. The Local section option allows small areas to be sectioned, see Section 5.7. The Reference is used to dene a point near the center of the area to be setioned and the Boundary denes the extent of the section using a user dened spline. 2. Arrow Display (Available for use with all sections) This option allows the user to place arrows on another view to indicate the line of the section. (NB This is the last column in the table and may require the table to be scrolled). Select the appropriate table cell and then the view required. The length and position of the arrows can be adjusted by selecting and dragging. Thus to produce a half section similar to that in Figure 10:6 select a reference plane through the middle of the pulley and then the area to be sectioned. Select the view on which to show the arrows, see gure 10:7. Apply/OK Selecting Apply at any stage will cause the system to try and action the requested section. OK closes the DRAWING VIEW menu. Hatching Properties The system tries to make an intelligent guess at the required hatching spacing however it is a common requirement to modify this to match a particular material type or t a detail. The spacing etc can be modied by selecting the hatching and then RMB properties opens the MOD XHATCH menu. Selecting Spacing or Angle from this menu open sub-menus which allow the hatching to be changed by factors of two or to predned values, see gure 10:8.
4.3
Tidy Drawing The position of symbols and text can be moved using the
LMB to select a item which can then be dragged to the required position. MMB to stop, LMB to exit move. A large number of functions are available via the RMB context sensitive menus, see Figure 10:9, and from the ribbon ANNOTATE menu. (Decimal Places icon to change default number display and therefore implied accuracy) 56
Figure 10:8: (a) General Hatching modifcation menu (b) Spacing specic options (c) Angle specic options.
(a)
(b)
(c)
Figure 10:9: Examples of context sensitive Pull out Menus, (a) On background (b) On selection of 1 dimension (c) Multiple dimension selection Use the functions, details about some are given below, to tidy the dimensioning etc. (Also see Figure 10:10) Cleanup Dimensions: Multiple selection RMB automatically aligns dimensions on a user denable spacing. Move Item to View: Single or Multiple selection allows dimension etc to be switched between views. Flip Arrows: Single or Multiple selection allows dimension arrows to be realigned Text Style: Change text in multiple dimensions etc. Properties : Gives access to the DRAWING VIEW menu
4.4
Isometric View The advantage of CAD is that it is relatively easy to add additional views. It is often useful to add an Isometric view to aid visualisation. To add a general view select RMB Insert General View.
Set specic view properties from the DRAWING VIEW menu, e.g. Scale, Figure 10:11. 57
Figure 10:10: Detail of a dimensioned drawing of the Pulley
Figure 10:11: Example of a view specic scaled general view the pulley N.B. By default the system prints the drawing that is visible on the screen, To print the whole drawing either select View Ret from the quick access menu or use MMB to zoom to the required view.
4.5
Printing a Drawing
58
Figure 10:12: Shaft
Task 2 - Shaft
Generate a model of the main shaft, see Figure 10:12 using the following constructional steps. 1. Revolve general shape - (See supplied blank below) 2. Use a both sided cut to produce the keyway 3. Create a coaxial threaded hole 4. Add Cosmetic thread 5. Add llets (Round function) 6. (Correct overall dimensions)
16
15 (150)* (See Note)
16
42
22
32
25 25 20 16
(a)
(b)
Figure 10:13: Basic Shaft. (a) Section dimensions & (b) Extrusion
5.1
Base Shape The base shape of the shaft is already in your directory ex10 12.
Open the le base shaft model and then rename to shaft shaft xxx123 (xxx123 = userid). The model has the dimensions shown in Figure 10:13. NB the central section has been set to 15mm (NOT 150) at this stage to aid future modications and screen manipulation. 59
46
16 (Depth 3.5 mm)
13
(a)
(b)
Figure 10:14: Woodru Keyway. (a) Section dimensions & (b) nished keyway
5.2
Woodru Keyway Using a similar technique to that used to produce the keyslot in the pulley, generate a slot for a Woodru key in the shaft.
Drill 10.2, 30 Deep Tap M12x1.75, 24 Deep
Hole Placement and Dimensions
Finished construction
5.3 Hole Use the hole tool ( ) to generate a threaded hole in the end of the shaft, Figure 10:15 shows the hole dashboard.
(a)
(b)
Figure 10:15: Hole dashboard. (a) Placement options & (b) Shape Options Using the options on the main dash board and the pull down Placement menu adjust the hole parameters to those given below. Select both the central axis and end surface (using <CTRL> LMB.) to automatic choose a coaxial placement. (NB The type of e of the additional placement menu to change the default linear placement to coaxial: 60
Hole Type Hole Dimension
Standard Hole, ISO, Tapped Hole, M12 x 1.75 , Add Thread Surface, (Deselect Add Countersink) Leave as defaults, i.e. Thread depth = 24.48, Hole Depth=30.6, Internal angle 118.
N.B. Use the Shape menu, see Fig. 10:15, to see the detailed hole dimensions Select Preview, (edit if required) and Tick to complete.You will notice that the threaded portion of the hole is indicated in green in the wireframe mode. This is described as a cosmetic feature as it indicates the position but not the full details which would require signicant graphical processing.
(a)
(b)
Figure 10:16: (a) Cosmetic Thread Ribbon showing Placement pulldown menu (b) Completed External Cosmetic thread
Cosmetic Thread To add a cosmetic thread to the pulley end of the shaft create a cosmetic thread on an existing surface use MODEL Cosmetic Thread. This will initiate a Cosmetic Thread denition ribbon requiring the following elements to be dened, (some accessible from the PLACEMENT pulldown menu)
Thread Surf Start Surf Direction Depth Major Diam Pitch Select the cylinder surface on which the thread will run End of the shaft Along the shaft (use Flip if required) 20 long 18 2
5.4
Preview / re Dene / OK the cosmetic thread.
Fillets - Rounds function

R1 R1
R1
Fillet Positions 61
Finished Shaft
5.5
Fillets Place three 1 mm rounds (Fillets) on the shaft to reduce the stress
concentration, using the default settings for the round tool. (Use <CTRL> to choose multiple edges)
5.6
Edit Dimensions Now that the feature denitions are complete, use the
Edit command to change the central section of the shaft from 15 mm to 150 mm. Notice the additional scrolling etc required to obtain views at large scales.
Print Arrange the windows on the screen and print a copy. Save the model.
Partially completed drawing of the shaft.
5.7
Complete a basic dimensioned drawing of the shaft and then add additional views to generate a drawing as shown above. A.L. Johnson P.J.G. Long V. Bateman Jan 2012
Shaft Drawing
62
Exercise 11
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING DRAWING COURSE Introduction This task builds on the experience gained in the previous tasks, to build the tensioner unit as an assembly and produce an assembly drawing. Modifying the pulley allows a single assembly (+ associated drawings) to be used for two congurations. Problem Using Creo rst create a sub-assembly of the shaft and then place this sub-assembly into a given housing and bearings. Finally generate two assembly drawings showing two arrangements of the tensioner. 1. Shaft Sub-Assembly Shaft Keeper Plate Bolt Woodru Key Pulley Nut Check Interferences (Modify if required) 2. Bearing Assembly Assemble Shaft Check Interferences Insert Sub-Assembly Check Interferences 3. Drawing Generate Drawing 4. Modify Pulley (Optional) Generate Drawing Update Drawing N.B. Save your work at regular intervals and print out your work after each item has been competed to avoid clogging the printer at the end of the session.
63
Woodruff Key M12 Bolt Keeper Shaft Roller Bearing
Pulley M18 Nut
Figure 11:1: Shaft Sub-Assembly
Additional Parts
To complete the following exercise you will require a number of additional components and assemblies, these should be found in your directory ex10 12. To ensure correct operation FILE Set Working Directory (or hotkey cd) to ex10 12, i.e. change directory to /ptc/ex10 12.
2
2.1 2.2
Sub-Assembly
Start Assembly using the (New) function start an assembly called shaftassy xxx123 (xxx123 = userid) Initial Component Insert the shaft as the initial component by using
) in the ribbon, or hotkey ap Assemble Part (or aw).
Assembly icon or (
Component Selection Select shaft xxx123.prt from the list of les. (If your version is missing use shaft mast.prt) N.B. You can limit the list of les to just parts by selecting TYPE part at the bottom of the window.
Placement Dashboard Placement By default the system will try and automatically place the shaft in the main drawing window. To specically place the shaft restraining constraints in three planes need to be added. It is normal with the rst component in an assembly to constrain it via its base coordinate system, this can be done by either placing the shaft using the Assemble component at default location tool ( or hotket ad, Assemble Default. 64 )
N.B. To aid the selection of constraint references it is often useful to toggle the display of datum planes/axis/points/coordinate systems to simplify the view. These can be switched on/o via the quick access tool bar or hotkey sequences (ed - Datum planes, ec - Cordinate systems, ea - Axis, ep - datum Points).
2.3
Exit If the references have been selected correctly the placement status should
show Fully Constrained, references can be re-picked by selecting the associated arrow in the menu and reselecting in the window. Accept the placement with ( ) or MMB.
Keeper Plate Placement Constraints
2.4
Keeper Plate To assemble the Keeper Plate use the same basic command
), then select your keeper plate from the structure as with the shaft, i.e. select ( previous session, keeper xxx123.prt (or a master copy keeper mast.prt). N.B. To manipulate the component being assembled use <CTRL><ALT> + mouse buttons or use the 3D dragger (selectable from the ribbon, which allows selection of specic motions.
Figure 11:2: 3d Dragger 65
Coincident constraint using the axis of the shaft and the plate as references. This constrains the keeper in the two dimensions perpendicular to the axis of the shaft. N.B. It is often useful to use the RMB select option in conjunction with the SMART selection tool to drill to the selection of references Distance To restrict motion along the shaft add a second constraint, TYPE Distance and choose the side of the keeper and the end of the shaft as the references. If the system prompts for an oset dimension, enter 0 mm or select coincident. The keeper plate should now snap to the correct position and the Placement STATUS indicate Fully Constrained. (Additional information on the exact placement constraints can be accesed vis the Placement pulldown menu. (N.B. Leave the Allow Assumptions box ticked) Review If you are not satised with the placement re-edit the constraints/references, then click ( ) to accept the placement. N.B. In many cases the Automatic alignment function, i.e. allowing the system to guess the type of alignment, is successful. It can be aided by choosing the driving feature rst, e.g the major axis on an assembly, the system will then look for another axis + alignment as the preferred option
Bolt Placement Constraints
2.5
M12 Bolt Assemble the bolt (m12 bolt.prt) in a similar manner to the Keeper
Plate aligning (Coincident constraint) the axis with the Shaft axis and mating (Coincident constraint) the undersurface of the bolt head with the outer side of the Keeper Plate.
2.6
Simplication To improve the response of the system and to remove screen
clutter temporarily suppress or hide the keeper/bolt. Select the keeper and bolt from the screen or MODEL TREE and then RMB Suppress or Hide. Hide removes the items from the screen Suppressremoves the items from the display and reduces regeneration calculations but keeps the assembly denitions.
66
Roller Bearing Placement Constraint
2.7
Roller Bearing Assemble the roller bearing, again using the same basic
command structure, but at the opposite end of the shaft. Use
Component roll bearing25x62.prt Constraints 1. Coincident constrain the bearing axis with the axis of the shaft and the bearing as references 2. Distance/Coincident constrain the side of the bearing with the location shoulder on the shaft. Check and Exit
Woodru Key Placement Constraints 67
2.8
Woodru Key The placement of the key ( woodru xxx123.prt or
woodru 16mm.prt) requires, depending on the method of construction, two or three constraints :-
Constraints 1. Align the central-axis of the key with the axis of the circular cut used to generate the key slot, using a Coincident constraint. 2. Constrain the third dimension by aligning the central plane of the key with the centre plane of the shaft, using a Coincident constraint. 3. In some constructions the key will appear inverted. Correct this by adding another constraint, Parallel, using the surfaces/datums perpendicular to the center planes. N.B. Normally the system will prompt for an oset distance, even if the planes are not aligned. Accept the default values and then change the oset column to read oriented using the pulldown menu in the table cell. Check the placement STATUS, redene if required and accept with ( ).
2.9
Pulley Assemble the pulley ( pulley xxx123.prt or pulley mast.=prt) in a similar manner to the keeper plate and bolt, i.e. align with the central axis and mate the side of the pulley with the outer face of the roller bearing with the Coincident.
Check the relative orientation of the key/keyslots in the shaft and pulley. If incorrect add an additional Coincident constraint based on the datum planes or at surfaces associated with the slots/key.
2.10
Nut Assemble the nut M18 nut.prt using the central axis and mating the at surface to the outer surface of the pulley.
Shaft Interference Analysis 68
2.11
Analysis The system has numerous checking and analysis routine, one that is
useful on the completion of a (sub-)assembly is Global Interference to check that the parts are correctly dened/assembled. Model Analysis From the ANALYSIS pull down menu select Model Analysis. In the new menu select analysis TYPE Global Interference. Accept the default ). After a few seconds the system will return with setting by selecting ( information about any interferences in the lower scrollable window. Correction Depending on the construction/errors made in the assembly there are likely to be one interference shown, the Woodru Key with the associated volume of interference in mm3 . To correct this interference it is neccessary to understand the error and modify the parts or assembly settings. Checking the parts should show that the keyway slot is 3.5 mm wide and the Key 4 mm. Modify the slot width in the shaft to be 4 mm wide. N.B. Modication of parts can be carried out by reloading the individual part le or from the assembly itself. (Select SETTINGS (above model tree) Tree Filters Display Features (tick) OK will allow individual features to be accessed from the assembly MODEL TREE.) The box by the components name allows the feature information to be expanded/contracted. Re-check Return to the assembly window, (reactivate if required) and re-run the analysis to conrm the interference has been eliminated.
2.12
Resume To return the components hidden/suppressed earlier,
(bearing/keeper/bolt), select RMB unhide or EDIT Resume All.
Print Arrange the assembly on the screen, ensure that the MODEL TREE menu is
visible, and print using Print Scrn.
Save Save the assembly
69
Assemble Shaft assembly into the housing
Cut away model of the basic Tensioner
Main Assembly
The basis of the main assembly is given as a predened le:
3.1
Tensioner Load the partially completed le of the total assembly, lename tensioner assy.asm. DO NOT assemble the tensioner assembly into the shaft!
N.B. The view looks partially complete as there is an active assembly cut, removing the front half of the housing to aid the location of the shaft sub-assembly.
Sub-Assembly. Locate the shaft sub-assembly into the Tensioner, using a similar manner to that used to align the keeper/bearing/pulley etc. Mate the inner surface of the Roller Bearing with the locating step in the left end of the housing, i.e. opposite end from the circlip/roller bearing. Align the central axis of the housing with that of the shaft.
N.B. The order of the choice of assembly references. If the axis alignment is chosen rst the shaft will snap to the centre of the housing making the selection of the mating surface more dicult. An alternative method of assembly keeps the component in a separate window, see separate window icon ( ) in the ribbon, prior to accepting the placement. When fully constrained review the constraints (redene if required) and accept.
3.2
3.3
Analysis Rerun the model analysis to check the Global Interferences
This should show one interference between the shaft and the ballbearing. This is a result of the coincident/ zero Distance constrain of the keeper on the end of the shaft leaving only 16 mm for a 17 mm bearing and not allowing for a clamping force. This can be modied by either dening the ball bearing as part of the shaft sub-assembly and using stacked mate constraints. Or by adjusting the keeper placement by 1 mm. Correction Switch the active window to the shaft assembly. Select the keeper plate from the window or MODEL TREE and then RMB Edit Denition. When the placement window appears select the Distance constraint and set to 1 mm accept the placement. 70
N.B. The placement of the bolt is automatically updated as it is a child of the keeper Reload Return to the Tensioner assembly window. (Remember to reactivate the window from the WINDOWS pulldown menu or CTRL-A) Check Rerun the global interference analysis and conrm that the interference has been removed.
Print Arrange the assembly on the screen, ensure that the MODEL TREE menu is
visible, and print using Print Screen. N.B. The assembly can be slow to orient in shaded mode, to speed up placement zoom out reorient as a small item on the screen and then zoom in to the required magnication. The amount of information transfer required to update the screen is signicantly reduced thus increasing the update speed especially on slow graphics cards or on remote displays.
Save Save the assembly 3.4 Remove Cut
Display Features Ensure that the MODEL TREE display option to show features has been actioned. (Select SETTINGS (above model tree) Tree Filters Display Features (tick) OK) Suppress Cut Select the assembly feature HOUSING CUT from the MODEL TREE, the RMB Suppress. N.B. HOUSING CUT is a standard extruded cut but the feature has been renamed (RMB Rename) to make it easier to identify in the model tree. This technique is often used in parts/assemblies with a large number of features.
3.5
Transparency Creo allows colours to be changed and textures/lighting and
transparency etc to be modied. As an example select VIEW (pulldown) Enable Transparency. N.B. The transparency can be accessed through the hotkeys et Enable Transparency and te Transparency disEnable
71
Figure 11:3: General Assembly Drawing of Tensioner
4
4.1 4.2 4.3
Drawing
Load Drawing Open the drawing le tensioner drawing.dwg which Datum Planes Select the datum planes on (
) and repaint the screen ( ).
contains an end view of the assembly.
Section View Add a side view of the tensioner and section the view on the
centerline using similar techniques that were used to section a part(See Figure 11:3), e.g. Select the existing view and RMBInsert Projection View Select the new view RMBProperties Select the Sections option in the DRAWING VIEW menu, and complete the options for a full section N.B. The drawing table, above the information box has been updated to contain information on all the parts now in the drawing
4.4
BOM Ballons Display the Bill Of Material ballons by selecting from the
TABLE pull down menu Select Create Balloon from the BOM BALLOON menu and then the cross section view to place the balloons. 72
4.5
Additional View Add an additional isometric view and set the individual
view scale to 0.5.
Print Arrange the windows on the screen, ensure that the MODEL TREE menu is
visible, and print using Print Screen.
Save Save the updated drawing
73
Modied Pulley (Optional)

Modied Pulley
In some applications a cooling fan is added to the pulley end of the tensioner, to update the pulley to allow for this reload the pulley and add the following features
Thicken the outer ange of the pulley Create a radial threaded hole Pattern the hole on a 70mm PCD
5.1
Load or reactivate the pulley window

Base Auxiliary Drive Section - Revolved Protrusion
10
32
36
Section Dimensions
Finished protrusion
5.2
Thicken Flange Create a revolved protrusion, centred on the axis of the
pulley with dimensions as shown above, i.e. thickness 10 mm, ID 36 mm and OD 100 mm. (If the sketch align options are used it is possible to draw the addition with only 1 (10mm) dimension.) N.B. If there is no preview option available it is likely that the axis of revolution has been obmitted, re-edit the section or select the axis via PLACEMENTAxis 74
5.3
Mounting Holes Use the Hole Tool (

Hole Type
) to model one tapped (threaded)
hole for a M5 bolt.
Select a Standard Hole, ISO, M5 x 0.8 , Tapped Hole (N.B. Deselect the Add Countersink option) Hole Dimensions Leave as defaults, i.e. Hole Depth 12.6 mm (and Threaded Depth 10.1mm)
Hole Placement 1. Select a point on the outer surface of the new protrusion. 2. Select Placement Type Radial 3. Highlight the second reference eld and select the axis of the pulley unit as the Axial Reference 4. Set the Radius, (PCD/2) to 35 mm 5. Using <CTRL> and LMB, select a datum plane (typically FRONT or TOP) as the angular reference and set the angle to 45o .
5.4
Patterned Holes The previous section (5.3) dened a tapped hole on a PCD oset at an angle (45o ) from a datum. This angle can now be used to duplicate the holes.
Select hole feature from the model tree or from the main drawing window and then using RMB Pattern (or EDIT pattern) activate the Pattern dashboard. 1. In response to the request to Select dimensions to vary in the rst direction select the oset angle of 45o. (It may be necessary to rotate the model around to see this dimension clearly.) 2. A prompt will now appear requesting the dimension increment, enter 45. 3. At the Number of Pattern Members (1) eld (second from left) enter 8 Exit the dashboard ( ) and after a few seconds the pattern should appear on the part and in the MODEL TREE.
Drawing 2 (Optional)
Reselect the window containing the drawing, and see that the drawing has been updated. 75
Print Tidy up the drawing, arrange the windows on the screen and print using Print
Screen. Use Move to rearrange the position of the balloons. Use Edit Attachment to change the end location of the balloon leaders.
Save Save the updated drawing Suppress Re-activate the pulley and select the additional revolved protrusion from the screen (or the model tree) and then RMB Suppress. As the Holes are a child of the protrusion you are prompted to conrm that you wish to suppress all the highlighted features, select OK. (N.B. Suppressed features are indicated in the model tree with a black square)
Note that the pulley is now represented on the screen and on the screen in its original form, however the information about the modications is still available should both alternatives are required. N.B. If the feature is not visible in the MODEL TREE Select SETTINGS (above model tree) Tree Filters Display Suppressed (tick) OK. A.L. Johnson P.J.G. Long V. Bateman Jan 2012
6.1
76
77
78
Exercise 12
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING DRAWING COURSE Introduction This task builds on the experience in the previous CAD exercises to assemble the tensioner you constructed in task 11 on to an engine block and produce an Assembly drawing and 3D views. Problem Complete tasks 1, 2, 3, 4 and (5) below 1. Engine Assembly Load the blank assembly called, engine-assy and assemble the following items using the constraints indicated below. Engine block1 Alternator M12 bolt (pattern) Coordinate System Coincident [Mate surfaces, Align axis] Coincident [Mate surfaces, Align axis] Ref Pattern Pattern the Alternator xing bolts using the reference pattern used to generate the location holes. Use the main crankshaft axis and the predened belt location plane Tensioner pivot axis, axis in the belt model] & .. Locate Tensioner bolt NB allows tensioner to pivot.] Representation of a 4 cylinder engine block
Belt Tensioner Assy
Coincident [Align Axis & Plane] Coincident [Align axis & Mate]
Tensioner Bolts Coincident [Mate, Align axis] 2. CAD Drawings
Resume suppressed features and generate an assembly drawing of the engine, with at least 3 orthogonal views, and a detailed view of the area around the tensioner. (See Figure 12:1. Use LAYOUT Detailed). Print Screen 3. Sketching (a) Using the isometric paper supplied, or on the blank reverse, sketch an isometric view of the alternator a view of the engine assembly, showing the side with the tensioner. a concept for two mounting lugs to connect the tensioner to the engine block. (a concept for a bracket(s) to support the engine assembly and manually update the printed orthographic views.) 79
Figure 12:1: 2D drawing of the Engine Assembly showing the Detailed View (b) Sketch the concept for the mounting lugs, in all the appropriate views, on the assembly drawing printout. 4. Modelling/Drawing Update Model your design for the mounting lugs on the engine block. Rearrange/add, as required, drawing views to show new brackets. Add an auxillary view look vertically down a sparking plug hole. Print screen 5. Addition Exercise - Drawing Updates Model your design for engine support(s) Ensure the additional boss on the pulley is resumed and then add the fan + M5 bolts Update the drawing Using VIEW Appearance change the colour of parts and surfaces in the assembly using the paintbrush, to make the image more understandable.
Jan 2012
80
Exercise 13
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING DRAWING COURSE Introduction This task builds on the experience gained in previous CAD exercises in the design of parts but introduces more exibility in the design process. Problem The A3 drawing shows an air compressor with the piston and crankshaft removed. Using Creo design a piston and crankshaft for the compressor shown in the drawing. To help the interpretation of the drawing bring up the compressor assembly in Creo before you begin the process. Design Considerations 1. PISTON The ap valve on the top of the piston is spot welded in position. Details of the ap valve are shown on the drawing provided. The piston seal is an lip seal, see drawing for dimensions. Details of the connecting rod are shown on the drawing provided. 2. CRANKSHAFT To be machined from a one piece casting. The main gear to be bonded to the crankshaft with suitable adhesive. The counterbalance shape to be similar to the drawing provided. A circlip 0.2 mm thick should be used on the smallest diameter to prohibit axial movement of the shaft. CAD Drawings After modelling the two parts produce orthogonal drawings of them showing front and side elevations only. Show all necessary manufacturing dimensions. N.B. Save your work at regular intervals and print out your work after each item has been competed to avoid clogging the printer at the end of the session.
81
82
84
Exercise 14
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING DRAWING COURSE Introduction Using the experience gained in the previous exercises using asembly features to produce two assemblies, one static and one dynamic + using the parts completed in question 13. (i.e. the piston and crankshaft plus the library parts available in your directory ex13 14.) Problem 1. To assemble the piston and crankshaft you have produced with a number of pre-constructed parts into a number of sub-assemblies and then combine them with compressor assembly (compressor v2). To produce and detail a drawing with 3 orthographics views, including one cross section, and one exploded isometric view of the static assembly 2. Supressing the static assembly generate a dynamic assembly using the sub-assemblies and then animate the moving parts of the assembly Method 1. Assemble the piston and crankshaft you produced in exercise 12. It is recommended that a series of sub-assemblies are rst produced with all items arranged in the top dead centre position including :(a) Piston sub-assembly - containing Piston, Flap valve, Cup Seal, Cap (Retaining Ring) and gudgeon pin (b) Con-rod sub-assembly - containing Con-rod with Big End bearing. (c) Crankshaft sub-assembly - containing Crankshaft, large gear and circlip. (d) Moving parts sub-assembly - items a,b & c combined as a static assembly (e) Add Moving Parts sub-assembly to the given compressor assembly (f) Produce an assembly drawing, (use the A3 Assy Drw icon to start the drawing), containg 4 views. 2. Suppress the static Moving Parts assembly and reassemble the Piston, Crankshaft and Conrod subassemblies directly into the compressor assembly using dynamic constraints (See notes attached). Animate the model using both manually (using the drag option ) and automatically using the analysis and servo drivers. Colour the parts introduced to give a contrast to existing parts. N.B. Save your work at regular intervals and print out your work, using the PRINT SCREEN function, after each item has been competed to avoid clogging the printer at the end of the session. 85
Additional Task Using the printed graph/isometric sheet provided :1. Sketch one or more simplied orthographic views of the Cylinder/Piston/Conrod/Crankshaft to illustrate the crank position at which the maximum interference between the conrod and piston skirt might occur. 2. Sketch a view of the compressor showing a partial cut-away of the Piston in the cylinder, showing the structure of the piston assembly.
86
Complete Compressor
Dynamic Analysis
To dene a mechanism within Creo location connections are added to a assembly in a very similar way to normal xed assembly constraints. Although it is possible to modify an existing assembly to allow motion it is often easier to restart. Thus in your completed assembly delete or suppress the piston, conrod subassemblies and the crankshaft. Although, as with other parts of Creo, it is possible to assemble the moving parts in a number of dierent ways it is suggested that you follow the procedure below. Once you have completed it you may experiment with the assembly options/funtionality to discover what other features are available. There is further information on the how to use the motion options within Creo to be found on the web, see the help pages at www.eng.cam.ac.uk/DesignOce, in particular the link relating to Design Dynamics. There are 7 standard joint types available (+ user dened joint), see below, that can be combined in a similar method to that found with xed constraints to achieve the particular type of motion required. In many cases it is useful to think of the 6 Degrees of Freedom (DOF) available (3 Translation + 3 Rotation) and conrm the the choice of constraints limits the motion to only the DOFs you require. 87
Joint Type Ball Bearing Cylinder Pin Planar Slider Weld Rigid
Constraints Required Point alignment to point Point alignment to edge or axis Axis alignment Axis alignment, mate/align Plane alignment Axis alignment, mate/align Coordinate system ment Planar alignPlanar
DOF 3xR 3xR, 1xT 1xR, 1xT 1xR 2xT 1xT
Real Life Joint Idealised Ball joint Sliding idealised ball joint Cylinder, plain bearing Bearing with no axial movement, e.g. Roller bearing 2-D sliding, e.g. plate-plate. Slot Welded/bolted/glued joint Specialised joint user dened
One or more constraints
Dynamic Model Assembly
Crankshaft Placement Constraints
2.1
Crankshaft Sub-Assembly As noted above the joint that actually
simulates a plain bearing best is a Cylinder, however it is often easier to use a Pin joint that allows rotation and also restricts axial displacements in one constraint. Thus the rst component, the crankshaft, is assembled using a Pin joint. Start the assembly procedure as for a xed constraint, using ( ) (from the right icon bar)
Select the connections option, which will cause a new set of options to be available. Add a PIN connection and use 1. The axis of the crankshaft and the axis of the small bush to complete the axis alignment. 88
2. The inside edge of the circlip slot and the back surface of the crankcase for the translation alignment. select OK when the PLACEMENT STATUS indicates Connection Denition Complete. N.B. The crankshaft is now displayed in the model tree with a small white square with a central dot, indicating that the component is fully constrained with a dynamic constraint.
2.2
Piston Sub-Assembly The piston can be assembled in a number of ways,
but it is most convienent to use the cylinder option. Use the central axis of the piston and the cylinder to align the subassembly. N.B. The ip option can be used to reorientate the piston if it appears in the model upside down. To simplify the assembly of the conrod use <CTRL><ALT> to move the piston subassembly into the approximately correct position.
Connections displayed on the assembly and details of the conrod denitions
2.3
Conrod Sub-Assembly Assembly of the Con-Rod completes the
mechanism and is assembled using a combination of a Pin connection to locate the little end bearing in the middle of the gudgeon pin and a cylinder connection to locate the big-end bearing on the crankshaft. N.B. In some situations the system can lock into the secondary stable positions, e.g. with the piston below the unit and the conrod passing through the piston assembly. (There is no collision checking at this stage of the assembly process) In these situations place the conrod subassembly into the approximately correct position using <CTRL><ALT> and mouse movements, and then redene the piston position. This will force the piston into position.
Manipulation of Dynamic Assembly
Once assembled with connections the mechanism can be manipulated either manually or automatically with one or more predened motions. A limited amount of analysis of the system is also available at this point. To activate this mode select Mechanism from the top icon bar. The change of mode is indicated by the appearance of a new set of icons in the right menu and a new set of features in the model tree. 89
3.1
Manual Movement The mechanism can be manipulated by hand using the
drag function, ( ) or MECHANISM drag. This will highlight the connections and prompt the user to select a component. Selecting a movable item, e.g. the crankshaft balanceweight, results in a small white circle appearing on the component at which point the mouse can be used to move the item as though it was being dragged/pushed. Any connecting parts also move as dened by the connections.
3.2
Automatic/Driven
Servo Motor Denition Menus The system allows a number of dierent analyses to be undertaken, However in all cases drivers need to pre-set. To setup a servomotor, select ( ) or MECHANISM servomotors. In the new window select NEW and enter a name of your choice (or accept the default) in the SERVO MOTOR DEFINITION window. Select the crankshaft axis (the yellow highlighted joint) as the Driven Entity and selecting the PROFILE submenu dene the servo motor to have a prole of specication of Position, Magnitude Ramp with position values of A=0 and B=360. Accept the Servo Motor denition and return to the main screen.
Analysis Denition Menus 90
Select ( ) or Mechanism Analyses followed by New, choose a Kinematic TYPE and enter 1. START TIME = 0 2. Length and Rate type 3. END TIME = 1 4. FRAME RATE = 20 5. MINIMUM INTERVAL = 0.05 Selecting Motors choose the motor denition entered previously. Selecting Run from the ANALYSIS DEFINITION menu will run the basic analysis and store the results. Return to the main screen using OK and Close.
3.3
) (Analyse Playback or Playbacks from the model tree). Accepting the defaults select the small playback arrow at the top of the menu and then use the cassette recorder like controls to display the motion. If you are using your own piston/crankshaft you might like to check for inteferences. Selecting the Collision Detection Settings Global Collision Detection option on the PLAYBACKS menu will set going an analysis of the interferences thoughout the motion. Any collision volumes are shown in red wireframe, c.f. the interference between the motor shaft and the small gear. A.L. Johnson P.J.G. Long V. Bateman Jan 2012
Results Display Select (
91
Name :Lab Grp :Coll :Mark -
92
Exercise 15
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING DRAWING COURSE Introduction This exercise extends your experience in animating mechanisms using a IDP robot as the basic model. The task is to complete a static assembly and associated 2-D assembly drawing and then using the techniques learnt in Exercise 14 to convert the lifting system into a mechanism and to update the Assembly drawing to show the extremities of travel. N.B. The components required for this excercise can be found in your subdirectory /ptc/ex15. Do not forget to set your working directory before starting to work. Problem 1. Add the castors and cable support to an existing model and generate an assembly drawing. 2. Complete the static model, adding the lift mechanism, drive units, controller etc and update the drawing 3. Modify the lifting system to be a mechanism 4. Add the new lift sub-assembly to the model and produce a drawing showing the extremities of the motion. N.B. Save your work at regular intervals and print out your work, using the PRINT SCREEN function, after each item has been competed to avoid clogging the printer at the end of the session.
93
Top view of Robot
Underneath view of Robot
Task 1 - Static Assembly 1

1. Load the partially completed assembly robot1 2. Assemble the two castors, (castor.asm). 3. Assemble cable support, (support supply.prt). Hint: use the tangent constrain to locate the support 4. Generate a A3 Assembly drawing 5. Print drawing
Task 2 - Static Assembly 2

1. Assemble the pre-dened, lift static.asm, lifting mechanism onto the robot Hint: Think how the unit would be assembled in real life 2. Assemble the drive units, drive unit.asm (motor/wheels/supports). Suggestion: Suppress a constraint if you nd aligning the axes confusing (or use a second assembly window) 3. Update the drawing and print 94
Lift Mechanism
Task 3 - Dynamic Assembly of lift mechanism

1. Load the static lift mechanism, lift static, and save a copy lift dynamic 2. Load lift dynamic Hint: Select Mechanism application temporarily to show any existing dynamic constraints 3. Modify the pivot points etc. to allow rotation Hint: You should only need to change 4 joint denitions. Start redening the constraints from the bottom of the model tree to remove problems associated with parent-child rconstraints 4. Check the motion by using drag and the predened motion of the pnuematic cylinder. Hint: Be careful not to drag the mechanism beyond its normal limits. Run analysis and use the predened servo-motor and analysis type Position.
Task 4 - GA drawing 2
1. Assemble the new lift sub-assembly into the existing main assembly, robot1. Hint: Suppress the static assembly to aid visualisation. See how dening a useful CSO can aid assembly 2. Arrange the mechanism at the end of its travel 3. Update the drawing to show the mechanism at the extremities of its motion Hint: Use the static assembly.
Jan 2012
95
96
Exercise 16
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING DRAWING COURSE Introduction This exercise builds on your experience of Creo and introduces a new module Sheetmetal that enables a designer to generate development drawings of sheetmetal constructions. Complete the sub-tasks listed below, items 1 & 2 use a number of the standard functions in the sheetmetal module to produce a support bracket. Items 3 & 4 are based around a chassis for an Part IB Integrated Design Project robot used in Qu 15. The emphasis is on completing well laid out dimensioned 2-D drawings suitable for design acceptance in this project. The additional items 5 - 7 give experience in using more of the sheetmetal functionality. Problem 1. Construct a support bracket 2. Add a at wall to [1] and produce a 2-D development drawing 3. Construct the outline of an example IDP robot chassis in solid, convert to sheetmetal. 4. Add edge rips and at pattern features to the model. Generate a drawing containing 2 sheets showing the isometric + development of the chassis. 5. Construct a simple metal tab to the chassis 6. Copy existing tab 7. Add Wall extensions to [1] N.B. Save your work at regular intervals and print out your work, using the PRINT SCREEN function, after each item has been competed to avoid clogging the printer at the end of the session.
97
Sheetmetal Fundamentals
The user interface employed by the sheetmetal module of Creo is very similar to the default solid modelling part. The same principles hold, select the type of feature to generate, sketch/pick&place the feature completing all the elements required and then preview/accept.
Task 1 - Extruded Bracket
In this section we use a standard technique in the sheetmetal module to produce material, an extruded section. This is similar to the extrude function in the solid module, but only one side of the section needs to be drawn as the sheetmetal thickness is dened.
Figure 16:1: Basic Bracket Start a new part, bracket userid, invoke the Sheetmetal option from the APPLICATIONS menu and start to create a one-sided Extrude ( ) feature similar to that for a solid extrusion. Once in the sketcher draw the general bridge outline of the part with the dimensions shown in the gure above. Ensure that the bridge is centred about the MID datum plane. Hint: If a centreline is placed on the desired mid plane, the symmetric about a centreline, constraint can be used. Select the centreline followed by the two vertices to be made symmetric Whilst in the sketcher mode, select the thicken function (RMB Thicken) and then choose the direction to retain the internal dimensions, e.g. internal radii 1.5 mm (See Figure 16:1). Exit the sketcher, accept the default direction and enter a blind depth of 60 mm and a material thickness of 1.5 mm. N.B. The direction of the thicken can also be switched from the dashboard. Preview and accept. Create a Flat Pattern feature, selecting the top of the bracket as the plane to remain xed. N.B. Once created the Flat Pattern feature will automatically remain the last feature. To return to the folded state suppress the feature. 98
Print an image of the bracket Use the ANALYSIS measure function to manually check the calculated value for the bend allowance and compare it with a hand calculated gure. Add the calculation, and comments about any dierences, to the printout.
Task 2 - Adding an additional Wall 1
Additional aps etc can be added to a part by using the various attached wall features, here the Create Flat Wall feature is used.
3.1
Flat wall Select the Create Flat Wall (
) feature, which opens the
associated dashboard (Figure 16:2)
Figure 16:2: Standard setting for the Flat Wall dashboard Accepting the default settings and selecting an attachment edge immediately generates an additional wall.
Figure 16:3: Initial Display of the atwall, having chosen an attachment edge A Flat wall is simply additional material attached to an existing piece of sheetmetal work. It can be an arbitary shape and attached at a user dened angle, see the rst two dashboard items. The default Rectangle shape can be modied in the SHAPE dashboard pulldown menu, see Figure 16:4. If a dierent shape, e.g. Trapezoid, L, T is chosen from the wall shape selection both the shape display and the model automatically change. An arbitary shape can be dened in a sketcher window by selecting the User Dened option or selecting sketch from the SHAPE menu. Hint: Although it is additional work it is often useful to use the User dened option even to dene a rectangular wall, when the dimensions can be constrained by an existing feature/dimension. 99
Figure 16:4: Screenshot showing both the interactive SHAPE menu and the pulldown menu allowing the selection of predened shapes
3.2
2-D drawing Start a new A4 part drawing (using the a4 part.frm format),
named bracket1, and place an edge view and a plan view of the bracket development fully dimensioned. Reminder: To change the scale double click on the value at the bottom left of the screen In many cases it is useful to also display one or more views of the nished folded item. This can be done on another drawing or second sheet of the same drawing. Alternatively the concept of a family table combined with the ability of the system to include drawings of more than one item on one drawing can be used.
Figure 16:5: Typical layout of a Family Table The family table allows a series of similar instances of one model each diering by one or more dimensions/features, the details of which are contained in a table. In this situation a family table needs to be produced with two instances diering by the inclusion/exclusion of the at pattern feature. To set up a Family table for the bracket, return to the part window, ensure that the bracket has the Flat Pattern feature resumed and then select Family Table from the TOOLS menu. Following the instructions in the Family Table window rst add the Flat Pattern feature as column to the table. (Add item feature Select the feature OK). Add a second instance, using the add row icon, and set the Instance Name to Bracket1 folded and the feature setting to N (Use the pulldown options.), see Figure 16:5. 100
When you have complete the table, exit using OK. N.B.: A suppressed feature cannot be selected. Also, it is often useful to add three instances, generic, folded and at. This allows drawings and models to remain correct even if the at pattern status is changed in the generic mode
Figure 16:6: Dimensioned Drawing
To add views of the folded bracket to the drawing, the folded instance of the part needs to be made active by, selecting LAYOUT Dwg Models Add Model. Select Bracket1 userid and then Bracket1 folded Open in the SELECT INSTANCE menu. To select the folded model as the current model select Set Model Folded bracket Done/Return. Add a general view as shown in the gure above. Update any dimensions required in the 2-D drawing and print. Although the show all option can be used from the show and erase menu this often produces a large number of ) awkward dimensions. It is often better to manually insert dimensions using ( Dimension New references.
Task 3 - Robot Chassis
A powerful facility within Creo and a number of the other large CAD packages is to be able to construct a model in solid and then nally shell it, c.f. the cylinder intersection problem, and then generate the development. The next two tasks are examples of this process being used to produce drawings, and therefore possible CNC codes, for the manufacture of a typical IDP robot chassis. 101
200 300
16 80
24
15
General view of the nal assembled robot
Overall dimensions of the chassis
4.1
Solid Model of chassis Construct a new part names chassisshell, constructed using a solid one-sided extrusion to the dimensions shown in the gure above.
Hint. While the cross-section of the extrusion can be sketched on any plane it is often useful to arrange for them to be named correctly to aid with future assemblies, i.e. sketch the section on the brown side of the top plane and orientated with the front of the vehicle aligned with the brown side of the FRONT plane
4.2
Conversion of chassis to sheetmetal In essence this is very similar to a standard shell operation, but the system recognises the resulting shell as a sheetmetal object.
While the solid chassis window is still active select OPERATIONS Convert to Sheetmetal shell. Then select the surfaces to be removed, the base + four surfaces in the slots. Once selected, complete the feature denition with Done Done Refs and enter the material thickness, 1.6 mm. An indication that the model is now in sheetmetal mode is that this shelling results in a new First Wall feature.
Task 4 - Ripping the 3-D model
Inserting a at pattern feature at this point indicates that only the ap at the centre of the front is available for automatically bending.
5.1
Insert rips Although the chassis part is recognised as a sheetmetal element
the system does not automatically choose cut lines. These are normally added by using the Conversion feature. Select the OPERATIONS Conversion feature ( )and select to dene (from the SMT Conversion dashboard), Edge Rip. Add the four outer corner edges of the chassis together with the outer return edges by the notches at the front of the chassis. Hint. If the material is thick there can be problems with too much material in the corners of bends. The problem can be eleviated by adding Corner Relief either when dening the conversion or afterwards using the Create Corner Relief feature. 102
5.2
Second Drawing Sheet + Development To fully describe an object
or assembly it is often neccessary to produce a number of drawings. These can be separate drawings, however it is often useful to have sub-sheets with dierent aspects of the item described. In the case of the chassis it may be useful to have one sheet with the orthographic views and a second with the development. Use the technique described in 2 to generate folded and unfolded instances of the chassis. Produce a A4 drawing of the folded chassis and then add a dimensioned development drawing on the second sheet. To add a second sheet to a drawing select LAYOUT New Sheet. The sheets can be switched using VIEW Go To Sheet or the tab at the bottom of the drawing . Print the two sheets.( Note any dierences to the length of the sides of the chassis and propose a reason(s).)
Task 5 - Adding Tabs to the Chassis
It is often required to increase the torsional stiness of a chassis (or other sheetmetal object) by adding tabs at corners, which are subsequently attached with bolting, riveting or spot-welding. The simplest method to add tabs is to use the Create Flat Wall feature used in task 2.
6.1
) icon and when the dashboard has loaded select an edge of one of the exisiting chassis walls. Although a rectangular tab can be used it often useful to choose a Trapezoid shape with a shallow angle to allow for variations in bending, see Figure 16:7 for typical dimensions. Use the rst ip option, on the dashboard, to orientate the tab if required. If the tab is coincident with the second wall use the oset pulldown options to automatically realign the bend.
Flat Wall Tab Select the Create Flat Wall (
6.2
Bend relief In the corner where the tab,top and walls meet there is an area of high deformation. By default, Wildre denes a rip in the material, see Figure 16:8. In manufacture it is better to control the deformation by the removal of material in this area, which can be done automatically with a predened relief option, e.g. Obround, see Figure 16:9. Before this form of relief can be used the tab needs to be reduced in size.
Select/redene the Flat Wall feature used to dene the tab and reduce the size by 2mm. Then insert a default Obround feature at the corner end of the tab, N.B. Inserting a relief 103
Figure 16:7: Placement/Shape/Dimensions of a tab at the corner of the chassis
(a)
(b)
Figure 16:8: Rendered images of (a) Rip (b) Obround relief at the open end will cause a simply recoverable error.
6.3
Drawing Update Add a detail scrap view of the tab/relief to the existing 2D
drawing of the at chassis.
Task 6 - Copying Tabs
Experiment with the OPERATIONS Copy feature to generate a second dependant tab on another corner. Hint: This functionality can be used to copy features in both Solid and Sheetmetal parts. Select the tab completed in section 6 and then using the OPERATIONSCopy (or <CTRL> C) and OPERATIONSPaste Special add the same wall denition to another corner. When the paste Special option is selected choose the option make copies dependent on dimensions of originals. This ensures that changes to the master tab are propagated to all copies, this can subsequently be disabled by selecting the feature and RMBMake Sec indep. 104
(a)
(b)
Figure 16:9: (a) Adjustment of Tab size (b)Obround relief default denition Pasting a copied object initates the normal dashboard, but ony requires the placement references to be picked from the model, here an external edge at another corner, before the feature is dened and the dashboard can be exited.
Figure 16:10: Example of Extended Wall
Task 7 - Predened wall extensions
It is often useful to add small extensions to walls to close a box for instance, see Figure 16:10. While it is possible to manually add wall extensions, there is an automatic feature. Reload/re-Activate the bracket and then choose the Create Extended Wall feature ( ) and then select the outer edge of the tab and the side of the existing bracket to extend the tab. Update the 2-D drawing and print A.L. Johnson P.J.G. Long V. Bateman Jan 2012
105

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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING

PART 1A CAD COURSE

HANDOUTS & EXERCISES

A.L. Johnson P.J.G. Long V. Bateman 1

Exercise 8: Simple Extruded and Revolved Parts

Save Part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Print Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exiting Creo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6 Task 3 - Additional Components 6.1 6.2 Clamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-functional Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7 Construction and Editing (aide-memoire)

Exercise 9: Intersections, Patterns and Part Drawing (1)

5 Task 3 - Cylinder/Dome Intersection 5.1 5.2 Cylinder 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intersection Drawing Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Exercise 10: Assembly Components and Part Drawing(2)

Exercise 11: Component Assembly and GA Drawings

Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Keeper Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M12 Bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9

6 Drawing 2 (Optional) 6.1 Suppress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Exercise 15: Dynamic Assembly (2)

Exercise 16: Sheetmetal

2-D drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 101 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

4 Task 3 - Robot Chassis 4.1 4.2 Solid Model of chassis

Conversion of chassis to sheetmetal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 102

5 Task 4 - Ripping the 3-D model 5.1 5.2

Insert rips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Second Drawing Sheet + Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 103

6 Task 5 - Adding Tabs to the Chassis 6.1 6.2 6.3

7 Task 6 - Copying Tabs 8 Task 7 - Predened wall extensions

Introduction to CAD - (Creo Parametric)

Figure 0:1: Comparison of physical and Creo methods of part construction

Sketched (Base) Features

Extruded Sketched X-section

Task 1 - Extruded Section

Starting an Extrusion Create a base protrusion (stock material) by

selecting the Extrude Tool icon ( Extrude Dashboard ( Create a Section

Review/Display The Protrusion can now be rotated and/shaded to improve

Edit Prole Dimensions There are several ways of modifying a features

Save Part Use the setup Save function or save icon (

) to save the part in

its current form. (Hotkey sw, Save Window)

Task 2 - Keeper Plate

Revolved Sketched X-section

) Exit the revolve tool

Create a Chamfer The chamfer tool (

Print Select the window and then select PRINTPrintScreen.

Task 3 - Additional Components

Figure 8:7: Orthographic views of a simple clamp

Construction and Editing (aide-memoire)

Base (Sketched) Feature Creation

Task 1 - Cylinder/ Domed-Cylinder Intersection

new part water tting1 xxx123 OK. (xxx123=userid)

Start Revolved Extrusion (

Figure 9:2: Sketcher layout of cylinder

Save Part Use the FILE Save function or (

) to save the part in its current

Task 2 - Initial Drawing

Figure 9:3: Initial General View and Orientated of master view

First View To generate and locate the rst view

Display Centerlines Select Annotate Show Ann or (

Figure 9:5: (a) Show-Erase Menu (b) Accept All

Task 3 - Cylinder/Dome Intersection

Intersection Drawing Review re-activate the wtting drawing and

after selecting no-hidden

Save and Print Screen

Task 4 - Parent/Child Relationships

active, select via the WINDOW pull-down menu.

Figure 9:8: Water tting with mounting ange