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Monthly Energy Review

The Monthly Energy Review (MER) is the U.S. Energy Information Administrations (EIA) primary
report of recent and historical energy statistics. Included are statistics on total energy production,
consumption, trade, and energy prices; overviews of petroleum, natural gas, coal, electricity,
nuclear energy, renewable energy, and international petroleum; carbon dioxide emissions; and data
unit conversions.
Release of the MER is in keeping with responsibilities given to EIA in Public Law 9591 (Department of Energy Organization Act), which states, in part, in Section 205(a)(2):
The Administrator shall be responsible for carrying out a central, comprehensive, and unified energy data and information program which will collect, evaluate, assemble, analyze, and disseminate data and information....
The MER is intended for use by Members of Congress, Federal and State agencies, energy analysts,
and the general public. EIA welcomes suggestions from readers regarding the content of the MER
and other EIA publications.
Related Monthly Publications: Other monthly EIA reports are Petroleum Supply
Monthly, Petroleum Marketing Monthly, Natural Gas Monthly, Electric Power Monthly, and International Petroleum Monthly. For more information, contact EIAs Office of Communications via email
at infoctr@eia.gov.
Important Notes About the Data

Data Displayed: For tables beginning in 1973, some annual data (usually 1974, 1976-1979,
1981-1984, 1986-1989, and 1991-1994) are not shown in the tables in Portable Document Format
(PDF) files; however, all annual data are shown in the Excel and comma-separated values (CSV)
files. Also, only two to three years of monthly data are displayed in the PDF files; however, for
many series, monthly data beginning with January 1973 are available in the Excel and CSV files.
Comprehensive Changes: Each month, most MER tables and figures carry a new month
of data, which is usually preliminary (and sometimes estimated or even forecast) and likely to be
revised in the succeeding month.
Annual Data From 1949: The emphasis of the MER is on recent monthly and annual data
trends. Analysts may wish to use the data in this report in conjunction with EIAs Annual Energy
Review (AER) that offers annual data beginning in 1949 for many of the data series found in the
MER. The AER is available at http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/annual.
Electronic Access
The MER is available on
EIAs website in a variety of formats at
http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly.
Full report and sections: PDF files
Report tables: PDF files
Table data (unrounded): Excel and CSV files
Graphs: PDF files
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annual and monthly data, often at a greater level of precision than the PDF files.
Timing of Release: The MER is posted on the EIA website by the last work day of the
month at http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly.
Released: January 28, 2013
DOE/EIA-0035(2013/01)
Monthly Energy Review

January 2013
U.S. Energy Information Administration

Office of Energy Statistics
U.S. Department of Energy
Washington, DC 20585
This report was prepared by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), the statistical and analytical agency within the
U.S. Department of Energy. By law, EIAs data, analyses, and forecasts are independent of approval by any other officer or
employee of the United States Government. The views in this report therefore should not be construed as representing those of
the Department of Energy or other Federal agencies.
Contacts
The Monthly Energy Review is prepared by the U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Statistics, Office
of Survey Development and Statistical Integration, Integrated Energy Statistics Team, under the direction of Barbara T.
Fichman, 202-586-5737 (barbara.fichman@eia.gov). Questions and comments specifically related to the Monthly Energy
Review may be addressed to Alexander Sun, 202-287-5948 (alexander.sun@eia.gov).
For assistance in acquiring data, please contact EIAs Office of Communications at 202-586-8800 (infoctr@eia.gov).
Questions about the collection, processing, or interpretation of the information may be directed to the following subject
specialists:
Section
1.
Energy Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dianne R. Dunn
202-586-2792
dianne.dunn@eia.gov
Section
2.
Energy Consumption by Sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dianne R. Dunn
202-586-2792
dianne.dunn@eia.gov
Section
3.
Petroleum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jennifer Barrick
202-586-6254
jennifer.barrick@eia.gov
Section
4.
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amy Sweeney
202-586-2627
amy.sweeney@eia.gov
Section
5.
Crude Oil and Natural Gas Resource Development . . . Robert F. King
202-586-4787
robert.king@eia.gov
Section
6.
Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nicholas Paduano
202-287-6326
nicholas.paduano@eia.gov
Section
7.
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ronald S. Hankey
202-586-2630
ronald.hankey@eia.gov
Section
8.
Nuclear Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Michael P. Mobilia
Section
9.
Energy Prices
202-287-6318
michael.mobilia@eia.gov
Petroleum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maureen Klein
202-586-8013
maureen.klein@eia.gov
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amy Sweeney
202-586-2627
amy.sweeney@eia.gov
Average Retail Prices of Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Charlene Harris-Russell

202-586-2661
charlene.harris-russell@eia.gov
Cost of Fuel at Electric Generating Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Rebecca Peterson
202-586-4509
rebecca.peterson@eia.gov
Section
10. Renewable Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gwendolyn Bredehoeft

202-586-5847
gwendolyn.bredehoeft@eia.gov
Section
11. International Petroleum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patricia Smith
Section
12. Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Perry Lindstrom
ii
U.S. Energy Information Administration / Monthly Energy Review January 2013
202-586-6925
patricia.smith@eia.gov
202-586-0934
perry.lindstrom@eia.gov
Contents
Page
Section
1.
Energy Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Section
2.
Energy Consumption by Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Section
3.
Petroleum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Section
4.
Natural Gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Section
5.
Crude Oil and Natural Gas Resource Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Section
6.
Coal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Section
7.
Electricity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Section
8.
Nuclear Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Section
9.
Energy Prices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Section
10.
Renewable Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Section
11.
International Petroleum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Section
12.
Environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Appendix
A.
British Thermal Unit Conversion Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Appendix
B.
Metric Conversion Factors, Metric Prefixes, and Other

Physical Conversion Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Glossary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
iii
Tables
Section 1.
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4a
1.4b
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.10
Page
Energy Overview
Primary Energy Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Primary Energy Production by Source. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Primary Energy Consumption by Source. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Primary Energy Imports by Source. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Primary Energy Exports by Source and Total Net Imports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Merchandise Trade Value. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Cost of Fuels to End Users in Real (1982-1984) Dollars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Primary Energy Consumption per Real Dollar of Gross Domestic Product. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Motor Vehicle Mileage, Fuel Consumption, and Fuel Economy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Heating Degree-Days by Census Division. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Cooling Degree-Days by Census Division. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Section 2.
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
Energy Consumption by Sector

Energy Consumption by Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential Sector Energy Consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial Sector Energy Consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial Sector Energy Consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation Sector Energy Consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric Power Sector Energy Consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Section 3.
3.1
3.2
3.3
Petroleum
Petroleum Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Refinery and Blender Net Inputs and Net Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Petroleum Trade
3.3a Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.3b Imports and Exports by Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.3c Imports From OPEC Countries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
3.3d Imports From Non-OPEC Countries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Petroleum Stocks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Petroleum Products Supplied by Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Heat Content of Petroleum Products Supplied by Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Petroleum Consumption
3.7a Residential and Commercial Sectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
3.7b Industrial Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
3.7c Transportation and Electric Power Sectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Heat Content of Petroleum Consumption
3.8a Residential and Commercial Sectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
3.8b Industrial Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
3.8c Transportation and Electric Power Sectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
iv
23
25
27
29
31
33
Section 4.
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
Natural Gas
Natural Gas Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas Trade by Country . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas Consumption by Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas in Underground Storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Section 5.
5.1
5.2
Crude Oil and Natural Gas Resource Development

Crude Oil and Natural Gas Drilling Activity Measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Crude Oil and Natural Gas Exploratory and Development Wells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
69
70
71
72
Tables
Page
Section 6.
6.1
6.2
6.3
Coal
Coal Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Coal Consumption by Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Coal Stocks by Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Section 7.
7.1
7.2
7.5
7.6
Electricity
Electricity Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Electricity Net Generation
7.2a Total (All Sectors). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
7.2b Electric Power Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
7.2c Commercial and Industrial Sectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation
7.3a Total (All Sectors). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
7.3b Electric Power Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
7.3c Commercial and Industrial Sectors (Selected Fuels). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation and Useful Thermal Output
7.4a Total (All Sectors). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
7.4b Electric Power Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
7.4c Commercial and Industrial Sectors (Selected Fuels). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
105
Stocks of Coal and Petroleum: Electric Power Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Electricity End Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Section 8.
8.1
Nuclear Energy
Nuclear Energy Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Section 9.
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
9.8
9.9
9.10
Energy Prices
Crude Oil Price Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F.O.B. Costs of Crude Oil Imports From Selected Countries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Landed Costs of Crude Oil Imports From Selected Countries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor Gasoline Retail Prices, U.S. City Average. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Refiner Prices of Residual Fuel Oil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Refiner Prices of Petroleum Products for Resale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Refiner Prices of Petroleum Products to End Users. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average Retail Prices of Electricity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cost of Fossil-Fuel Receipts at Electric Generating Plants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas Prices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.3
7.4
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
127
129
131
Section 10. Renewable Energy

10.1
Renewable Energy Production and Consumption by Source. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
10.2
Renewable Energy Consumption
10.2a Residential and Commercial Sectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
10.2b Industrial and Transportation Sectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
10.2c Electric Power Sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
10.3
Fuel Ethanol Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
10.4
Biodiesel Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Tables
Page
vi
Section 11. International Petroleum

11.1
World Crude Oil Production
11.1a OPEC Members. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11.1b Persian Gulf Nations, Non-OPEC, and World. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11.2
Petroleum Consumption in OECD Countries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11.3
Petroleum Stocks in OECD Countries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
150
151
153
155
Section 12. Environment

12.1
Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption by Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.2
Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption: Residential Sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.3
Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption: Commercial Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.4
Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption: Industrial Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.5
Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption: Transportation Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.6
Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption: Electric Power Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.7
Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Biomass Energy Consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
159
161
162
163
164
165
166
Appendix A.
A1.
A2.
A3.
A4.
A5.
A6.
British Thermal Unit Conversion Factors

Approximate Heat Content of Petroleum Products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Approximate Heat Content of Petroleum Production, Imports, and Exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Approximate Heat Content of Petroleum Consumption and Biofuels Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Approximate Heat Content of Natural Gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Approximate Heat Content of Coal and Coal Coke. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Approximate Heat Rates for Electricity, and Heat Content of Electricity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
171
172
173
174
175
176
Appendix B.
B1.
B2.
B3.
Metric Conversion Factors, Metric Prefixes, and Other Physical Conversion Factors
Metric Conversion Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Metric Prefixes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Other Physical Conversion Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Figures
Section 1.
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4a
1.4b
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
Page
Energy Overview
Primary Energy Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Primary Energy Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Primary Energy Consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Primary Energy Imports and Exports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Primary Energy Net Imports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Merchandise Trade Value. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Cost of Fuels to End Users in Real (1982-1984) Dollars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Primary Energy Consumption per Real Dollar of Gross Domestic Product. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Motor Vehicle Fuel Economy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Section 2.
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6

Energy Consumption by Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential Sector Energy Consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial Sector Energy Consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial Sector Energy Consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation Sector Energy Consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric Power Sector Energy Consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Section 3.
3.1
3.2
3.3
Petroleum
Petroleum Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Refinery and Blender Net Inputs and Net Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petroleum Trade
3.3a Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.3b Imports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petroleum Stocks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petroleum Products Supplied by Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Heat Content of Petroleum Products Supplied by Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petroleum Consumption by Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Heat Content of Petroleum Consumption by Sector, Selected Products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
22
24
26
28
30
32
36
38
40
42
46
48
50
52
56
Section 4.
4.1
Natural Gas
Natural Gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Section 5.
5.1
Crude Oil and Natural Gas Resource Development

Crude Oil and Natural Gas Resource Development Indicators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Section 6.
6.1
Coal
Coal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Section 7.
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
Electricity
Electricity Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Electricity Net Generation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Consumption of Selected Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Consumption of Selected Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation and
Useful Thermal Output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Stocks of Coal and Petroleum: Electric Power Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Electricity End Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Section 8.
8.1
Nuclear Energy
Nuclear Energy Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
vii
Figures
Page
Section 9.
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
Energy Prices
Petroleum Prices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average Retail Prices of Electricity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cost of Fossil-Fuel Receipts at Electric Generating Plants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas Prices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
118
126
128
130
Section 10. Renewable Energy

10.1
Renewable Energy Consumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Sectionr 11. International Petroleum
11.1
World Crude Oil Production
11.1a Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11.1b By Selected Country. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11.2
Petroleum Consumption in OECD Countries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11.3
Petroleum Stocks in OECD Countries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
148
149
152
154
Section 12. Environment

12.1
Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption by Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
12.2
Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption by Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
viii
Energy Consumption by1.Sector

Energy
Overview
Figure 1.1
Primary Energy Overview

(Quadrillion Btu)
Consumption, Production, and Imports, 1973-2011

120
100
Consumption
80
Production
60
40
Imports
20
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Consumption, Production, and Imports, Monthly

10
Consumption
8
Production
4
Imports
0
J
F M A M J J A
2010
S O N D
F M A M J J A
2011
Overview, October 2012
S O N D
F M A M J J A
2012
S O N D
Net Imports, January-October
10
20
18.464
15.670
7.611
15
6.672
12.996
6
10
4
2.144
5
0.955
0
Production
Imports
Exports
Consumption
2010
2011
Web Page: http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#summary.

Source: Table 1.1.
2012
Table 1.1 Primary Energy Overview

(Quadrillion Btu)
Production
Imports
Exports
Net
Importsc
4.411
4.687
5.428
6.084
6.041
6.558
7.012
7.018
6.494
6.517
6.104
5.164
5.734
5.947
6.069
6.229
6.599
6.509
7.202
7.616
63.563
61.320
67.175
67.698
70.705
71.174
72.486
72.472
72.876
71.742
71.332
71.735
70.713
69.927
70.220
69.443
70.754
71.400
73.217
72.641
14.613
14.032
15.796
11.781
18.817
22.260
23.702
25.215
26.581
27.252
28.973
30.157
29.408
31.061
33.544
34.709
34.679
34.703
32.992
29.706
2.033
2.323
3.695
4.196
4.752
4.511
4.633
4.514
4.299
3.715
4.006
3.771
3.669
4.054
4.434
4.560
4.872
5.482
7.060
6.965
12.580
11.709
12.101
7.584
14.065
17.750
19.069
20.701
22.281
23.537
24.967
26.386
25.739
27.007
29.110
30.149
29.806
29.221
25.932
22.741
-0.459
-1.065
-1.210
1.110
-.284
2.105
2.468
1.429
-.140
1.372
2.515
-1.953
1.193
1.009
.830
.689
-.930
.675
.125
-.822
70.314
65.357
69.828
66.093
72.332
77.259
79.785
80.873
81.369
82.427
84.731
82.902
83.699
84.014
85.819
85.794
84.702
86.211
83.549
78.488
0.910
1.900
2.739
4.076
6.104
7.075
7.087
6.597
7.068
7.610
7.862
8.029
8.145
7.959
8.222
8.161
8.215
8.455
8.427
8.356
4.411
4.687
5.428
6.084
6.041
6.560
7.014
7.016
6.493
6.516
6.106
5.163
5.729
5.948
6.081
6.242
6.649
6.523
7.186
7.600
75.684
71.965
78.067
76.392
84.485
91.029
94.022
94.602
95.018
96.652
98.814
96.168
97.645
97.943
100.160
100.282
99.629
101.296
99.275
94.559
.758
.682
.676
.602
.697
.714
.752
.748
.725
.656
.655
.770
8.434
.672
.610
.682
.661
.717
.753
.701
.662
.626
.646
.682
.726
8.136
R 6.151
.590
.556
.654
.686
.704
.684
.716
.698
.675
.714
.760
.797
8.234
1.926
1.681
1.865
1.894
1.874
1.872
1.989
1.929
1.757
1.676
1.529
1.650
21.643
R 1.082
R 7.725
R 6.940
R -.005
R 6.872
R -.536
R 6.129
R -.367
R 6.288
R -.026
R 6.556
R .090
R 6.946
R .150
R 7.056
R -.305
R 6.370
R -.461
R 6.234
.758
.682
.676
.602
.697
.714
.752
.748
.725
.656
.655
.770
8.434
.662
.605
.673
.657
.715
.755
.701
.660
.622
.643
.676
.720
8.090
R 9.160
R .827
R 74.795
2.516
2.237
2.519
2.580
2.578
2.556
2.705
2.627
2.431
2.390
2.289
2.447
29.877
.761
.678
.687
.571
.597
.683
.757
.746
.700
.663
.675
.752
8.269
.747
.710
.816
.813
.832
.824
.792
.742
.677
.708
.738
.770
9.169
R 6.494
R 2.656
R 5.894
R 2.126
R 6.665
R 2.545
R 6.293
R 2.411
.841
.759
.880
.878
.847
.818
.854
.879
.892
.891
.894
1.026
10.458
.761
.678
.687
.571
.597
.683
.757
.746
.700
.663
.675
.752
8.269
.731
.703
.805
.804
.826
.824
.782
.741
.670
.699
.727
.760
9.073
.763
.690
.786
.767
.816
.779
.753
.719
.644
.681
7.396
R 8.723
5.194
R 4.930
R 5.139
R 5.003
R 5.234
R 5.306
R 5.078
5.371
51.607
.757
.668
.646
.585
.650
.682
.723
.728
.675
.625
6.739
49.985
48.246
6.842
7.009
7.586
6.694
81.040
80.897
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
58.241
54.733
59.008
57.539
58.560
57.540
58.387
58.857
59.314
57.614
57.366
58.541
56.834
56.022
55.930
55.053
55.940
56.435
57.588
56.669
0.910
1.900
2.739
4.076
6.104
7.075
7.087
6.597
7.068
7.610
7.862
8.029
8.145
7.959
8.222
8.161
8.215
8.455
8.427
8.356
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
September ...........
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
R 4.721
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
2012 January ................
February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
2011 10-Month Total ...
Consumption
Total
Fossil
Fuelsa
Renewable
Energyb
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Trade
Stock
Change
and
Otherd
Nuclear
Electric
Power
R 4.437
R 5.013
R 4.777
R 4.783
R 4.721
R 4.876
R 4.982
R 4.917
R 5.018
R 4.907
R 5.071
R 58.224
R 4.986
R 4.506
R 5.162
R 4.909
R 4.998
R 4.916
R 4.941
R 5.208
R 5.054
R 5.303
R 5.239
R 5.339
R 60.562
5.385
R 4.966
R 5.730
R 6.371
R 6.040
R 6.196
R 6.188
R 6.329
R 6.391
R 6.268
R 6.320
R 6.244
R 6.566
R 6.427
2.497
R 6.424
R 2.418
R 6.490
2.505
R 6.696
R 2.406
R 6.431
R 2.292
R 6.674
R 2.352
R 6.651
R 2.274
R 6.861
R 2.372
R 78.000
R 28.855
.785
.701
.795
.770
.816
.780
.751
.713
.645
.676
7.434
R 6.928
R 2.327
6.336
6.634
R 6.285
R 6.605
R 6.465
R 6.709
R 6.747
R 6.398
6.672
65.781
R 2.100
7.661
6.728
64.488
61.984
Fossil
Fuelse
Nuclear
Electric
Power
Renewable
Energyb
R .051
R 6.491
R 1.044
R 7.761
R 1.544
R 81.369
R 1.815
R 1.027
R 7.835
R 1.367
R .883
R 6.754
R 1.664
R .063
R 6.892
R 1.533
R -.280
R 6.164
R 1.651
R -.457
R 6.185
R 1.600
R -.090
R 6.416
R 1.652
R .275
R 6.861
R 1.527
R .216
R 6.935
R 1.400
R -.237
R 6.214
R 1.461
R -.518
R 6.246
R 1.380
R -.216
R 6.406
R 1.347
.405
R 7.089
R 18.397
R 1.071
R 79.999
R 1.463
R .333
R 7.192
1.262
1.291
1.174
R 1.340
1.322
1.321
R 1.380
R 1.255
1.188
12.996
R .437
R 6.667
2.255
2.174
R 2.351
R 2.322
2.303
2.322
R 2.170
2.144
22.467
.864
.838
.964
1.000
1.012
.999
.982
R .942
R .915
.955
9.471
R -.196
R 6.287
R -.163
R 5.932
R -.255
R 6.209
R .005
R 6.318
R .330
R 6.865
R .153
R 6.815
R -.243
R 6.077
-.250
.150
6.292
64.654
.757
.668
.646
.585
.650
.682
.723
.728
.675
.625
6.739
24.209
25.141
8.539
6.676
15.670
18.464
.882
.449
66.504
67.117
6.842
7.009
a Coal, natural gas (dry), crude oil, and natural gas plant liquids.
b See Tables 10.110.2c for notes on series components and estimation; and
see Note, "Renewable Energy Production and Consumption," at end of Section 10.
c Net imports equal imports minus exports.
d Includes petroleum stock change and adjustments; natural gas net storage
withdrawals and balancing item; coal stock change, losses, and unaccounted for;
fuel ethanol stock change; and biodiesel stock change and balancing item.
e Coal, coal coke net imports, natural gas, and petroleum.
f Also includes electricity net imports.
R=Revised.
Totalf
R 8.238
R 8.231
R 7.397
R 7.704
R 8.034
R 8.409
R 8.470
R 7.719
R 7.535
R 7.825
R 9.260
R 97.982
R 9.337
R 8.143
R 8.393
R 7.546
R 7.620
R 7.934
R 8.417
R 8.439
R 7.594
R 7.617
R 7.816
R 8.612
R 97.468
R 8.035
R 7.729
R 7.296
R 7.689
R 7.793
R 8.360
R 8.280
R 7.410
7.611
78.926
Notes: See "Primary Energy," "Primary Energy Production," and "Primary

Energy Consumption," in Glossary. Totals may not equal sum of components
due to independent rounding. Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the
District of Columbia.
Web Page: See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#summary for all
available data beginning in 1973.
Sources: Production: Table 1.2. Trade: Tables 1.4a and 1.4b. Stock
Change and Other: Calculated as consumption minus production and net imports.
Consumption: Table 1.3.
Figure 1.2
Primary Energy Production

(Quadrillion Btu)
Total, 1973-2011
Total, Monthly
100
75
50
25
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
By Source, 1973-2011
0
J F MA M J J A S O N D J F MA M J J A S O N D J F MA M J J A S O N D
2010
2011
2012
By Source, Monthly
25
Coal
2.5
Natural Gas
2.0
20
Coal
Natural Gas
1.5
15
Crude Oil and NGPLa
Crude Oil and NGPLa
1.0
10
Renewable Energy
Renewable Energy
0.5
5
Nuclear Electric Power
0.0
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Total, January-October
70
61.984
J F MA M J J A S O ND J F MA M J J A S O N D J F MA M J J A S O ND
2010
2011
2012
By Source, October 2012

64.488
65.781
Natural Gas
60
50
2.103
Coal
1.759
40
Crude Oil
and NGPLa
30
1.509
Renewable
Energy
20
10
0.676
Nuclear
Electric Power
0.625
0
2010
2011
2012
0.0
0.5
1.0
Natural gas plant liquids.

Source: Table 1.2.
1.5
2.0
2.5
Table 1.2 Primary Energy Production by Source

(Quadrillion Btu)
Renewable Energya
Fossil Fuels
Coalb
Natural
Gas
(Dry)
Crude
Oilc
NGPLd
Total
Nuclear
Electric
Power
Hydroelectric
Powere
Geothermal
Solar/
PV
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
13.992
14.989
18.598
19.325
22.488
22.130
22.790
23.310
24.045
23.295
22.735
23.547
22.732
22.094
22.852
23.185
23.790
23.493
23.851
21.624
22.187
19.640
19.908
16.980
18.326
19.082
19.344
19.394
19.613
19.341
19.662
20.166
19.382
19.633
19.074
18.556
19.022
19.786
20.703
21.139
19.493
17.729
18.249
18.992
15.571
13.887
13.723
13.658
13.235
12.451
12.358
12.282
12.160
11.948
11.538
10.978
10.772
10.748
10.615
11.332
2.569
2.374
2.254
2.241
2.175
2.442
2.530
2.495
2.420
2.528
2.611
2.547
2.559
2.346
2.466
2.334
2.356
2.409
2.419
2.574
58.241
54.733
59.008
57.539
58.560
57.540
58.387
58.857
59.314
57.614
57.366
58.541
56.834
56.022
55.930
55.053
55.940
56.435
57.588
56.669
0.910
1.900
2.739
4.076
6.104
7.075
7.087
6.597
7.068
7.610
7.862
8.029
8.145
7.959
8.222
8.161
8.215
8.455
8.427
8.356
2.861
3.155
2.900
2.970
3.046
3.205
3.590
3.640
3.297
3.268
2.811
2.242
2.689
2.793
2.688
2.703
2.869
2.446
2.511
2.669
0.020
.034
.053
.097
.171
.152
.163
.167
.168
.171
.164
.164
.171
.173
.178
.181
.181
.186
.192
.200
NA
NA
NA
(s)
.059
.069
.070
.070
.069
.068
.066
.064
.063
.062
.063
.063
.068
.076
.089
.098
2010 January ..............

February ............
March .................
April ...................
May ....................
June ...................
July ....................
August ...............
September .........
October ..............
November ..........
December ..........
Total ..................
1.743
1.687
1.969
1.848
1.736
1.802
1.847
1.898
1.897
1.864
1.860
1.886
22.038
R 1.777
R 1.640
R 1.817
R 1.767
R 1.838
R 1.756
R 1.847
R 1.869
R 1.813
R 1.906
R 1.844
R 1.933
.971
.901
.991
.936
.971
.937
.955
.979
.976
1.006
.967
1.009
11.598
.230
.210
.236
.227
.238
.226
.227
.236
.232
.242
.235
.242
2.781
R 4.721
R 4.437
R 5.013
R 4.777
R 4.783
R 4.721
R 4.876
R 4.982
R 4.917
R 5.018
R 4.907
R 5.071
.758
.682
.676
.602
.697
.714
.752
.748
.725
.656
.655
.770
8.434
.218
.201
.204
.186
.245
.291
.239
.196
.168
.173
.191
.226
2.539
.018
.016
.018
.017
.018
.017
.017
.018
.017
.017
.017
.018
.208
2011 January ..............

February ............
March .................
April ...................
May ....................
June ...................
July ....................
August ...............
September .........
October ..............
November ..........
December ..........
Total ..................
1.854
1.736
1.958
1.795
1.760
1.804
1.736
1.937
1.907
1.919
1.909
1.908
22.221
R 1.901
R 1.684
R 1.950
R 1.909
R 1.977
R 1.903
R 1.979
R 2.003
R 1.935
R 2.063
R 2.022
R 2.079
R .990
R .880
R 1.005
R 23.406
.964
1.007
.969
.975
1.014
R .974
R 1.058
R 1.047
R 1.083
R 11.965
.241
.207
.250
.241
.254
.241
.251
.254
.239
.263
.261
.268
2.970
R 4.986
R 4.506
R 5.162
R 4.909
R 4.998
R 4.916
R 4.941
R 5.208
R 5.054
R 5.303
R 5.239
R 5.339
R 60.562
.761
.678
.687
.571
.597
.683
.757
.746
.700
.663
.675
.752
8.269
.248
.234
.303
.303
.317
.312
.304
.250
.208
.192
.201
.231
3.103
2012 January ..............

February ............
March .................
April ...................
May ....................
June ...................
July ....................
August ...............
September .........
October ..............
10-Month Total
1.925
1.738
1.736
1.572
R 1.659
1.660
R 1.751
1.841
R 1.658
1.759
17.299
RE 2.085
RE 1.928
RE 2.059
RE 2.003
RE 2.076
RE 2.001
RE 2.076
RE 2.065
RE 2.021
E 2.103
E 20.418
RE 1.105
RE 1.046
RE 1.129
RE 1.093
RE 1.133
RE 1.085
RE 1.143
RE 1.130
RE 1.128
E 1.226
E 11.218
.270
.254
.270
.262
.270
.257
.264
.269
.271
.283
2.673
5.385
R 4.966
5.194
R 4.930
R 5.139
R 5.003
R 5.234
R 5.306
R 5.078
5.371
51.607
.757
.668
.646
.585
.650
.682
.723
.728
.675
.625
6.739
2011 10-Month Total

2010 10-Month Total
18.405
18.292
19.305
18.029
9.834
9.622
2.440
2.304
49.985
48.246
6.842
7.009
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
R 21.806
R 58.224
a Most data are estimates. See Tables 10.110.2c for notes on series
components and estimation; and see Note, "Renewable Energy Production and
Consumption," at end of Section 10.
b Beginning in 1989, includes waste coal supplied. Beginning in 2001, also
includes a small amount of refuse recovery. See Table 6.1.
c Includes lease condensate.
d Natural gas plant liquids.
e Conventional hydroelectric power.
R=Revised. E=Estimate. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu.
Biomass
Total
Total
NA
NA
NA
(s)
.029
.033
.033
.034
.031
.046
.057
.070
.105
.113
.142
.178
.264
.341
.546
.721
1.529
1.499
2.475
3.016
2.735
3.099
3.155
3.108
2.929
2.965
3.006
2.624
2.705
2.805
2.998
3.104
3.216
3.461
3.864
3.928
4.411
4.687
5.428
6.084
6.041
6.558
7.012
7.018
6.494
6.517
6.104
5.164
5.734
5.947
6.069
6.229
6.599
6.509
7.202
7.616
63.563
61.320
67.175
67.698
70.705
71.174
72.486
72.472
72.876
71.742
71.332
71.735
70.713
69.927
70.220
69.443
70.754
71.400
73.217
72.641
.010
.009
.010
.010
.011
.011
.011
.011
.011
.010
.010
.010
.126
.067
.053
.084
.095
.085
.079
.066
.065
.069
.077
.095
.088
.923
.359
.332
.366
.351
.358
.355
.367
.371
.360
.369
.369
.383
4.341
.672
.610
.682
.661
.717
.753
.701
.662
.626
.646
.682
.726
8.136
R 6.151
R 5.730
R 6.371
R 6.040
R 6.196
R 6.188
R 6.329
R 6.391
R 6.268
R 6.320
R 6.244
R 6.566
.019
.017
.018
.017
.018
.017
.018
.018
.017
.018
.018
.018
.213
.012
.012
.013
.013
.014
.014
.014
.014
.013
.013
.013
.013
.158
.083
.102
.102
.121
.114
.107
.073
.073
.067
.102
.121
.104
1.168
.385
.346
.380
.359
.369
.375
.384
.387
.372
.382
.386
.405
4.527
.747
.710
.816
.813
.832
.824
.792
.742
.677
.708
.738
.770
9.169
.227
.198
.250
.254
.277
.259
.260
.225
.171
.157
2.278
.019
.018
.019
.018
.019
.019
.019
.019
.019
.019
.188
.015
.015
.017
.017
.019
.019
.019
.019
.018
.019
.178
.134
.108
.135
.124
.122
.116
.085
.081
.084
.122
1.112
.390
.362
.373
.356
.378
.368
.368
.370
.353
.359
3.679
.785
.701
.795
.770
.816
.780
.751
.713
.645
.676
7.434
R 6.928
2.671
2.122
.177
.173
.132
.106
.943
.740
3.737
3.588
7.661
6.728
64.488
61.984
Wind
R 74.795
R 6.494
R 5.894
R 6.665
R 6.293
R 6.427
R 6.424
R 6.490
R 6.696
R 6.431
R 6.674
R 6.651
R 6.861
R 78.000
6.336
6.634
R 6.285
R 6.605
R 6.465
R 6.709
R 6.747
R 6.398
6.672
65.781
Notes: See "Primary Energy Production" in Glossary. Totals may not equal
sum of components due to independent rounding. Geographic coverage is the
50 States and the District of Columbia.
Sources: Coal: Tables 6.1 and A5. Natural Gas (Dry): Tables 4.1 and
A4. Crude Oil and Natural Gas Plant Liquids: Tables 3.1 and A2.
Nuclear Electric Power: Tables 7.2a and A6 ("Nuclear Plants" heat rate).
Renewable Energy: Table 10.1.
Figure 1.3
Primary Energy Consumption

(Quadrillion Btu)
Total, 1973-2011
Total, Monthly
120
12
100
10
80
60
40
20
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
0
J F MA M J J A S OND J F MA M J J A SOND J F MA M J J A SON D
2010
By Source,a 1973-2011
2011
2012
By Source,a Monthly
45
4
Petroleum
Petroleum
3
30
Natural Gas
Natural Gas
2
Coal
15
Coal
Renewable Energy
Renewable Energy
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
0
J F MA M J J A S O ND J F MA M J J A S OND J F MA M J J A S O ND
2010
2011
2012
By Source,a October 2012
90
80.897
81.040
78.926
Petroleum
2.955
Natural Gas
60
1.925
Coal
1.415
Renewable
Energy
30
0.681
Nuclear
Electric Power
0
2010
2011
2012
0.625
Small quantities of net imports of coal coke and electricity are not shown.
Source: Table 1.3.
Table 1.3 Primary Energy Consumption by Source

(Quadrillion Btu)
Renewable Energya
Fossil Fuels
Coal
Natural
Gasb
Petroleumc
Totald
Nuclear
Electric
Power
Hydroelectric
Powere
Geothermal
Solar/
PV
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
12.971
12.663
15.423
17.478
19.173
20.089
21.002
21.445
21.656
21.623
22.580
21.914
21.904
22.321
22.466
22.797
22.447
22.749
22.385
19.692
22.512
19.948
20.235
17.703
19.603
22.671
23.085
23.223
22.830
22.909
23.824
22.773
23.510
22.831
22.923
22.565
22.239
23.663
23.843
23.416
34.837
32.732
34.205
30.925
33.552
34.438
35.675
36.159
36.816
37.838
38.262
38.186
38.224
38.811
40.292
40.388
39.955
39.774
37.280
35.403
70.314
65.357
69.828
66.093
72.332
77.259
79.785
80.873
81.369
82.427
84.731
82.902
83.699
84.014
85.819
85.794
84.702
86.211
83.549
78.488
0.910
1.900
2.739
4.076
6.104
7.075
7.087
6.597
7.068
7.610
7.862
8.029
8.145
7.959
8.222
8.161
8.215
8.455
8.427
8.356
2.861
3.155
2.900
2.970
3.046
3.205
3.590
3.640
3.297
3.268
2.811
2.242
2.689
2.793
2.688
2.703
2.869
2.446
2.511
2.669
0.020
.034
.053
.097
.171
.152
.163
.167
.168
.171
.164
.164
.171
.173
.178
.181
.181
.186
.192
.200
NA
NA
NA
(s)
.059
.069
.070
.070
.069
.068
.066
.064
.063
.062
.063
.063
.068
.076
.089
.098
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
1.913
1.705
1.635
1.443
1.617
1.844
1.994
1.991
1.693
1.519
1.560
1.875
20.791
R 2.869
2.947
2.698
3.048
2.960
3.020
3.029
3.089
3.148
3.008
3.020
2.923
3.120
36.010
R 7.725
.758
.682
.676
.602
.697
.714
.752
.748
.725
.656
.655
.770
8.434
.218
.201
.204
.186
.245
.291
.239
.196
.168
.173
.191
.226
2.539
.018
.016
.018
.017
.018
.017
.017
.018
.017
.017
.017
.018
.208
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
1.888
1.560
1.544
1.421
1.551
1.758
1.953
1.917
1.614
1.475
1.425
1.556
19.663
.761
.678
.687
.571
.597
.683
.757
.746
.700
.663
.675
.752
8.269
.248
.234
.303
.303
.317
.312
.304
.250
.208
.192
.201
.231
3.103
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
1.497
1.340
1.236
1.117
R 1.337
R 1.504
R 1.796
R 1.725
R 1.458
1.415
14.426
R 2.804

16.681
17.355
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
R 2.533
R 2.187
R 1.725
R 1.649
R 1.682
R 1.862
R 1.916
R 1.670
R 1.697
R 2.013
R 2.771
R 24.575
R 2.940
R 2.497
R 2.276
R 1.863
R 1.695
R 1.684
R 1.913
R 1.914
R 1.677
R 1.773
R 2.053
R 2.574
R 24.860
3.006
2.696
3.070
2.879
2.938
2.973
2.995
3.101
2.923
2.998
2.929
2.957
35.465
R 6.940
R 6.872
R 6.129
R 6.288
R 6.556
R 6.946
R 7.056
R 6.370
R 6.234
R 6.491
R 7.761
R 81.369
R 7.835
R 6.754
R 6.892
R 6.164
R 6.185
R 6.416
R 6.861
R 6.935
R 6.214
R 6.246
R 6.406
R 7.089
R 79.999
R 7.192
1.925
21.234
2.889
2.776
2.883
2.815
2.964
2.911
2.957
3.050
2.787
2.955
28.987
6.292
64.654
.757
.668
.646
.585
.650
.682
.723
.728
.675
.625
6.739
20.233
19.791
29.579
29.966
66.504
67.117
6.842
7.009
R 2.550
R 2.165
R 1.994
R 1.908
R 1.904
R 2.112
R 2.040
R 1.833
R 6.667
R 6.287
R 5.932
R 6.209
R 6.318
R 6.865
R 6.815
R 6.077
a Most data are estimates. See Tables 10.110.2c for notes on series
components and estimation; and see Note, "Renewable Energy Production and
Consumption," at end of Section 10.
b Natural gas only; excludes supplemental gaseous fuels.
See Note 3,
"Supplemental Gaseous Fuels," at end of Section 4.
c Petroleum products supplied, including natural gas plant liquids and crude oil
burned as fuel. Does not include biofuels that have been blended with
petroleumbiofuels are included in "Biomass."
d Includes coal coke net imports. See Tables 1.4a and 1.4b.
f Includes coal coke net imports and electricity net imports, which are not
Biomass
Total
Totalf
NA
NA
NA
(s)
.029
.033
.033
.034
.031
.046
.057
.070
.105
.113
.142
.178
.264
.341
.546
.721
1.529
1.499
2.475
3.016
2.735
3.101
3.157
3.105
2.927
2.963
3.008
2.622
2.701
2.807
3.010
3.117
3.267
3.474
3.849
3.912
4.411
4.687
5.428
6.084
6.041
6.560
7.014
7.016
6.493
6.516
6.106
5.163
5.729
5.948
6.081
6.242
6.649
6.523
7.186
7.600
75.684
71.965
78.067
76.392
84.485
91.029
94.022
94.602
95.018
96.652
98.814
96.168
97.645
97.943
100.160
100.282
99.629
101.296
99.275
94.559
.010
.009
.010
.010
.011
.011
.011
.011
.011
.010
.010
.010
.126
.067
.053
.084
.095
.085
.079
.066
.065
.069
.077
.095
.088
.923
.349
.326
.357
.348
.356
.357
.368
.370
.357
.366
.363
.377
4.294
.662
.605
.673
.657
.715
.755
.701
.660
.622
.643
.676
.720
8.090
R 9.160
.019
.017
.018
.017
.018
.017
.018
.018
.017
.018
.018
.018
.213
.012
.012
.013
.013
.014
.014
.014
.014
.013
.013
.013
.013
.158
.083
.102
.102
.121
.114
.107
.073
.073
.067
.102
.121
.104
1.168
.369
.339
.369
.349
.363
.374
.374
.386
.365
.373
.375
.395
4.432
.731
.703
.805
.804
.826
.824
.782
.741
.670
.699
.727
.760
9.073
.227
.198
.250
.254
.277
.259
.260
.225
.171
.157
2.278
.019
.018
.019
.018
.019
.019
.019
.019
.019
.019
.188
.015
.015
.017
.017
.019
.019
.019
.019
.018
.019
.178
.134
.108
.135
.124
.122
.116
.085
.081
.084
.122
1.112
.367
.351
.365
.353
.378
.366
.369
.375
.352
.364
3.641
.763
.690
.786
.767
.816
.779
.753
.719
.644
.681
7.396
R 8.723
2.671
2.122
.177
.173
.132
.106
.943
.740
3.662
3.554
7.586
6.694
81.040
80.897
Wind
R 8.238
R 8.231
R 7.397
R 7.704
R 8.034
R 8.409
R 8.470
R 7.719
R 7.535
R 7.825
R 9.260
R 97.982
R 9.337
R 8.143
R 8.393
R 7.546
R 7.620
R 7.934
R 8.417
R 8.439
R 7.594
R 7.617
R 7.816
R 8.612
R 97.468
R 8.035
R 7.729
R 7.296
R 7.689
R 7.793
R 8.360
R 8.280
R 7.410
7.611
78.926
separately displayed. See Tables 1.4a and 1.4b.

R=Revised. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu.
Notes:
See "Primary Energy Consumption" in Glossary.

Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.
Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District of Columbia.
Sources: Coal: Tables 6.1 and A5. Natural Gas: Tables 4.1 and A4.
Petroleum: Table 3.6. Nuclear Electric Power: Tables 7.2a and A6
("Nuclear Plants" heat rate). Renewable Energy: Table 10.1. Net Imports of
Coal Coke and Electricity: Tables 1.4a and 1.4b.
Figure 1.4a Primary Energy Imports and Exports

(Quadrillion Btu)
Total Imports and Exports, 1973-2011
Total Imports and Exports, Monthly

4
40
Imports
30
3
Imports
20
10
Exports
Exports
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Imports by Source, 1973-2011
0
2010
2 011
2012
Imports by Source, Monthly
32
3.2
Petroleum
24
2.4
Petroleum
16
1.6
0.8
Natural Gas
Natural Gas
Othera
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Othera
0.0
J F MA M J J A S O ND J F MA M J J A S O N D J F MA M J J A S O ND
2010
Exports by Source, 1973-2011
2012
Exports by Major Source, Monthly
0.7
0.6
Petroleum
Petroleum
0.5
0.4
Coalb
2 011
0.3
Coalb
0.2
1
Natural Gas
Electricity
0.0
1975
Natural Gas
0.1
1980
1985
1990
1995
Coal, coal coke, biofuels, and electricity.

Includes coal coke.
2000
2005
2010
Electricity
2010
2011
2012

Sources: Tables 1.4a and 1.4b.
Figure 1.4b Primary Energy Net Imports

(Quadrillion Btu, Except as noted)
Total, 1973-2011
Total, Monthly
3.0
40
2.5
30
2.0
20
1.5
1.0
10
0.5
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
By Major Source, 1973-2011
0.0
2010
2011
2012
By Major Source, Monthly

2.0
25
Crude Oil
Crude Oila
20
1.5
15
Petroleum
Productsb
10
1.0
Petroleum
Productsb
0.5
5
Natural Gas
Natural Gas
0.0
0
Coal
Coal
-0.5
-5
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
By Major Source, October 2012
2010
2011
2012
As Share of Consumption, January-October

25
2.5
22.8
2.0
19.3
20
1.495
16.5
Percent
1.5
1.0
15
10
0.5
0.118
0.0
-0.215
-0.220
-0.5
Coal
Natural
Gas
Crude Oil
0
Petroleum
Productsb
a
Crude oil and lease condensate. Includes imports into the Strategic
Petroleum Reserve, which began in 1977.
b
Petroleum products, unfinished oils, pentanes plus, and gasoline
2010
2011
2012
blending components. Does not include biofuels.

Sources: Tables 1.3, 1.4a, and 1.4b.
Table 1.4a Primary Energy Imports by Source

(Quadrillion Btu)
Imports
Petroleum
Coal
Coal
Coke
Natural
Gas
Crude
Oila
Petroleum
Productsb
Total
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
0.003
.024
.030
.049
.067
.237
.203
.187
.218
.227
.313
.495
.422
.626
.682
.762
.906
.909
.855
.566
0.027
.045
.016
.014
.019
.095
.063
.078
.095
.080
.094
.063
.080
.068
.170
.088
.101
.061
.089
.009
1.060
.978
1.006
.952
1.551
2.901
3.002
3.063
3.225
3.664
3.869
4.068
4.104
4.042
4.365
4.450
4.291
4.723
4.084
3.845
6.887
8.721
11.195
6.814
12.766
15.669
16.341
17.876
18.916
18.935
19.783
20.348
19.920
21.060
22.082
22.091
22.085
21.914
21.448
19.699
6.578
4.227
3.463
3.796
4.351
3.211
3.943
3.864
3.992
4.198
4.749
5.051
4.754
5.159
6.114
7.157
7.084
6.868
6.237
5.383
13.466
12.948
14.658
10.609
17.117
18.881
20.284
21.740
22.908
23.133
24.531
25.398
24.674
26.219
28.197
29.248
29.169
28.781
27.685
25.082
2010 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
November ..............
December ..............
Total ......................
.042
.031
.047
.045
.037
.044
.035
.043
.040
.044
.037
.039
.484
.001
.005
.003
.001
.005
.005
.003
.003
.002
.001
(s)
(s)
.030
.394
.332
.327
.306
.305
.289
.337
.313
.289
.302
.280
.361
3.834
1.577
1.469
1.734
1.747
1.793
1.784
1.844
1.772
1.658
1.585
1.563
1.614
20.140
.483
.384
.393
.466
.428
.419
.472
.484
.432
.448
.400
.420
5.231
2011 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
November ..............
December ..............
Total ......................
.025
.021
.038
.028
.033
.024
.030
.039
.021
.023
.020
.024
.327
.001
.002
.004
.001
.004
.004
.003
.005
.003
.002
.002
.004
.035
R .381
1.710
1.377
1.710
1.593
1.687
1.665
1.728
1.664
1.607
1.659
1.572
1.622
19.595
2012 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
10-Month Total .....
.020
.013
.017
.016
.025
.018
.022
.017
.021
.022
.191
.003
.002
.004
.007
.004
.001
.001
.001
.002
.001
.025
2011 10-Month Total .....

.283
.408
.029
.030
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Electricity
Total
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
.001
.001
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
.002
.002
.002
.013
.012
.066
.054
.084
.026
0.057
.038
.085
.157
.063
.146
.148
.147
.135
.147
.166
.131
.125
.104
.117
.150
.146
.175
.195
.178
14.613
14.032
15.796
11.781
18.817
22.260
23.702
25.215
26.581
27.252
28.973
30.157
29.408
31.061
33.544
34.709
34.679
34.703
32.992
29.706
2.060
1.853
2.127
2.214
2.221
2.203
2.316
2.256
2.090
2.034
1.963
2.034
25.371
.001
(s)
.001
(s)
.001
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
.004
.018
.015
.015
.013
.010
.014
.015
.012
.010
.009
.009
.013
.154
2.516
2.237
2.519
2.580
2.578
2.556
2.705
2.627
2.431
2.390
2.289
2.447
29.877
.523
.394
.455
.490
.479
.436
.422
.389
.386
.364
.409
.397
5.145
2.233
1.771
2.166
2.084
2.166
2.101
2.150
2.053
1.993
2.023
1.981
2.019
24.740
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
.001
.001
.002
.003
.002
.003
.005
.019
.015
.013
.014
.013
.017
.015
.021
.019
.014
.013
.012
.015
.178
R 2.656
.405
.304
.313
.336
.378
.375
.361
.380
.349
.333
3.535
2.001
1.795
1.946
1.885
2.037
2.015
1.964
1.988
1.859
1.840
19.331
(s)
(s)
.002
.001
.002
.003
.004
.007
.007
.007
.033
.014
.012
.014
.017
.019
.018
.023
.022
.017
.015
.171
R 2.327
.272
.249
.265
.266
.288
.288
R .264
.259
2.717
1.597
1.491
1.633
1.549
1.659
1.640
1.603
1.608
1.510
1.507
15.795
2.995
3.194
16.400
16.963
4.339
4.411
20.739
21.374
.011
.004
.152
.131
24.209
25.141
R .319
R .323
.285
R .278
R .273
R .301
R .287
R .258
R .289
R .255
R .305
R 3.555
.288
R .277
a Crude oil and lease condensate. Includes imports into the Strategic Petroleum
Reserve, which began in 1977.
b Petroleum products, unfinished oils, pentanes plus, and gasoline blending
components. Does not include biofuels.
c Fuel ethanol (minus denaturant) and biodiesel.
Notes: See "Primary Energy" in Glossary. Totals may not equal sum of
components due to independent rounding. Geographic coverage is the 50 States
and the District of Columbia.
10
Biofuelsc
R 2.126
R 2.545
R 2.411
2.497
R 2.418
2.505
R 2.406
R 2.292
R 2.352
R 2.274
R 2.372
R 28.855
R 2.100
2.255
2.174
R 2.351
R 2.322
2.303
2.322
R 2.170
2.144
22.467

Sources: Coal: Tables 6.1 and A5. Coal Coke: 1973-1975U.S.
Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, Minerals Yearbook, "Coke and Coal
Chemicals" chapter. 1976-1980U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA),
Energy Data Report, "Coke and Coal Chemicals," annual reports.
1981
forwardEIA, Quarterly Coal Report, quarterly reports and Table A5. Natural
Gas: Tables 4.1 and A4. Crude Oil and Petroleum Products: Tables 3.3b,
10.3, 10.4, and A2. Biofuels: Tables 10.3, 10.4 and A3. Electricity: Tables
7.1 and A6.
Table 1.4b Primary Energy Exports by Source and Total Net Imports
(Quadrillion Btu)
Net
Importsa
Exports
Petroleum
Coal
Coal
Coke
Natural
Gas
Crude
Oilb
Petroleum
Productsc
Total
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
1.425
1.761
2.421
2.438
2.772
2.318
2.368
2.193
2.092
1.525
1.528
1.265
1.032
1.117
1.253
1.273
1.264
1.507
2.071
1.515
0.035
.032
.051
.028
.014
.034
.040
.031
.028
.022
.028
.033
.020
.018
.033
.043
.040
.036
.049
.032
0.079
.074
.049
.056
.087
.156
.155
.159
.161
.164
.245
.377
.520
.686
.862
.735
.730
.830
.972
1.082
0.004
.012
.609
.432
.230
.200
.233
.228
.233
.250
.106
.043
.019
.026
.057
.067
.052
.058
.061
.093
0.482
.427
.551
1.225
1.594
1.791
1.825
1.872
1.740
1.705
2.048
1.996
2.023
2.124
2.151
2.374
2.699
2.949
3.739
4.147
0.486
.439
1.160
1.657
1.824
1.991
2.059
2.100
1.972
1.955
2.154
2.039
2.042
2.151
2.208
2.442
2.751
3.007
3.800
4.240
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
(s)
(s)
.001
.001
.001
.004
.035
.086
.034
0.009
.017
.014
.017
.055
.012
.011
.031
.047
.049
.051
.056
.054
.082
.078
.065
.083
.069
.083
.062
2.033
2.323
3.695
4.196
4.752
4.511
4.633
4.514
4.299
3.715
4.006
3.771
3.669
4.054
4.434
4.560
4.872
5.482
7.060
6.965
12.580
11.709
12.101
7.584
14.065
17.750
19.069
20.701
22.281
23.537
24.967
26.386
25.739
27.007
29.110
30.149
29.806
29.221
25.932
22.741
2010 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
November ..............
December ..............
Total ......................
.151
.138
.169
.189
.186
.190
.178
.180
.184
.170
.180
.186
2.101
.006
.001
(s)
.001
.003
.004
.003
.002
.003
.003
.006
.005
.036
.094
.089
.100
.077
.086
.091
.087
.085
.080
.097
.125
.136
1.147
.006
.009
.008
.006
.007
.005
.012
.006
.011
.004
.006
.007
.088
.327
.312
.366
.404
.414
.385
.428
.415
.385
.429
.433
.452
4.750
.332
.321
.374
.411
.420
.391
.440
.421
.396
.433
.439
.459
4.838
.003
.003
.006
.005
.003
.003
.003
.004
.004
.004
.004
.007
.046
.004
.003
.004
.004
.006
.005
.005
.006
.008
.007
.006
.005
.065
.590
.556
.654
.686
.704
.684
.716
.698
.675
.714
.760
.797
8.234
1.926
1.681
1.865
1.894
1.874
1.872
1.989
1.929
1.757
1.676
1.529
1.650
21.643
2011 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
November ..............
December ..............
Total ......................
.218
.212
.252
.227
.232
.233
.202
.241
.224
.235
.226
.249
2.751
.001
.002
.001
.001
.002
.003
.003
.001
.003
.002
.004
.001
.024
.137
.126
.146
.128
.133
.121
.114
.112
.128
.110
.129
.136
1.521
.013
.005
.007
.007
.007
.006
.013
.006
.006
.009
.011
.010
.100
.460
.403
.461
.499
.462
.444
.506
.511
.518
.520
.507
.613
5.904
.473
.408
.467
.506
.469
.451
.520
.517
.524
.529
.518
.622
6.004
.006
.005
.008
.011
.007
.006
.011
.005
.010
.011
.013
.014
.108
.005
.005
.005
.005
.004
.004
.004
.003
.003
.003
.004
.003
.051
.841
.759
.880
.878
.847
.818
.854
.879
.892
.891
.894
1.026
10.458
R 1.815
2012 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
.234
.217
.284
.321
.314
.327
.298
.272
.240
.242
2.748
.001
.002
.002
.001
.003
.001
.001
.001
.003
.004
.018
.132
.131
.142
.124
.134
.126
.119
R .141
R .139
.141
1.330
.010
.010
.011
.006
.012
.008
.014
.011
.010
.012
.104
.476
.468
.514
.536
.537
.526
.538
.509
.515
.549
5.169
.487
.478
.525
.542
.550
.534
.552
.520
.525
.561
5.272
.008
.007
.008
.007
.006
.007
.007
.006
.006
.006
.068
.003
.003
.004
.004
.004
.004
.003
.003
.003
.003
.035
.864
.838
.964
1.000
1.012
.999
.982
R .942
R .915
.955
9.471
R 1.463

2.276
1.735
.019
.025
1.256
.886
.079
.075
4.784
3.865
4.863
3.940
.080
.036
.045
.054
8.539
6.676
15.670
18.464
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
a Net imports equal imports minus exports.

b Crude oil and lease condensate.
c Petroleum products, unfinished oils, pentanes plus, and gasoline blending
components. Does not include biofuels.

d Through 2010, data are for biodiesel only. Beginning in 2011, data are for
fuel ethanol (minus denaturant) and biodiesel.
Notes: See "Primary Energy" in Glossary. Totals may not equal sum of
components due to independent rounding. Geographic coverage is the 50
States and the District of Columbia.
Biofuelsd
Electricity
Total
Total
R 1.367
R 1.664
R 1.533
R 1.651
R 1.600
R 1.652
R 1.527
R 1.400
R 1.461
R 1.380
R 1.347
R 18.397
1.262
1.291
1.174
R 1.340
1.322
1.321
R 1.380
R 1.255
1.188
12.996
Web Page: See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#summary for

all available data beginning in 1973.
Sources: Coal: Tables 6.1 and A5. Coal Coke: 1973-1975U.S.
Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, Minerals Yearbook, "Coke and
Coal Chemicals" chapter. 1976-1980U.S. Energy Information Administration
(EIA), Energy Data Report, "Coke and Coal Chemicals," annual reports. 1981
forwardEIA, Quarterly Coal Report, quarterly reports and Table A5.
Natural Gas: Tables 4.1 and A4. Crude Oil and Petroleum Products:
Tables 3.3b, 10.4, and A2. Biofuels: Tables 10.3, 10.4 and A3.
Electricity: Tables 7.1 and A6.
11
Figure 1.5
Merchandise Trade Value

(Billion Dollarsa)
Imports and Exports, 1974-2011
Imports and Exports, Monthly
2,500
250
2,000
200
Total Imports
Total Imports
1,500
150
Total Exports
1,000
100
Total Exports
500
50
Energy Imports
Energy
Exports
Energy Exports
Energy Imports
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Trade Balance, 1974-2011
2010
2011
2012
Trade Balance, Monthly

0
100
0
Energy
-100
-200
-25
NonEnergy
Energy
-300
Non-Energy
-50
-400
-500
Total
-600
-75
-700
-800
Total
-900
-100
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
J F MA M J J A S O ND J F MA M J J A S OND J F MA M J J A S O ND
2010
2011
2012
Prices are not adjusted for inflation. S ee Nominal Dollars in Glossary.

http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#summary.
Source: Table 1.5.
12
Table 1.5 Merchandise Trade Value

(Million Dollarsa)
Petroleumb
Exports
Imports
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
792
907
2,833
4,707
6,901
6,321
7,984
8,592
6,574
7,118
10,192
8,868
8,569
10,209
13,130
19,155
28,171
33,293
61,695
44,509
24,668
25,197
78,637
50,475
61,583
54,368
72,022
71,152
50,264
67,173
119,251
102,747
102,663
132,433
179,266
250,068
299,714
327,620
449,847
251,833
2010 January ............

February ..........
March ...............
April .................
May ..................
June .................
July ..................
August .............
September .......
October ............
November ........
December ........
Total ................
4,083
4,003
5,348
5,680
5,484
4,798
5,505
5,346
5,482
6,084
6,272
6,694
64,778
2011 January ............

February ..........
March ...............
April .................
May ..................
June .................
July ..................
August .............
September .......
October ............
November ........
December ........
Total ................
Energyc
Imports
-23,876
-24,289
-75,803
-45,768
-54,682
-48,047
-64,038
-62,560
-43,690
-60,055
-109,059
-93,879
-94,094
-122,224
-166,136
-230,913
-271,543
-294,327
-388,152
-207,324
3,444
4,470
7,982
9,971
12,233
10,358
12,181
12,682
10,251
9,880
13,179
12,494
11,541
13,768
18,642
26,488
34,711
41,725
76,075
54,536
25,454
26,476
82,924
53,917
64,661
59,109
78,086
78,277
57,323
75,803
135,367
121,923
115,748
153,298
206,660
289,723
332,500
364,987
491,885
271,739
-22,010
-22,006
-74,942
-43,946
-52,428
-48,751
-65,905
-65,595
-47,072
-65,923
-122,188
-109,429
-104,207
-139,530
-188,018
-263,235
-297,789
-323,262
-415,810
-217,203
18,126
31,557
55,246
-73,765
-50,068
-110,050
-104,309
-114,927
-182,686
-262,898
-313,916
-302,470
-364,056
-392,820
-462,912
-504,242
-519,515
-485,501
-400,389
-286,379
99,437
108,856
225,566
218,815
393,592
584,742
625,075
689,182
682,138
695,797
781,918
729,100
693,103
724,771
818,775
905,978
1,036,635
1,148,199
1,287,442
1,056,043
103,321
99,305
245,262
336,526
496,088
743,543
795,289
869,704
911,896
1,024,618
1,218,022
1,140,999
1,161,366
1,257,121
1,469,704
1,673,455
1,853,938
1,956,962
2,103,641
1,559,625
-3,884
9,551
-19,696
-117,712
-102,496
-158,801
-170,214
-180,522
-229,758
-328,821
-436,104
-411,899
-468,263
-532,350
-650,930
-767,477
-817,304
-808,763
-816,199
-503,582
25,234
23,666
28,549
30,016
28,733
29,011
29,218
30,130
27,479
25,556
25,982
29,892
333,465
-21,151
-19,663
-23,201
-24,336
-23,249
-24,213
-23,713
-24,784
-21,997
-19,472
-19,710
-23,198
-268,687
5,236
5,115
6,667
6,970
6,887
6,170
6,760
6,744
6,802
7,318
7,610
8,182
80,460
28,075
26,018
30,613
31,657
30,369
30,698
31,113
31,907
28,992
27,056
27,363
31,107
354,968
-22,839
-20,903
-23,946
-24,687
-23,482
-24,528
-24,353
-25,163
-22,190
-19,738
-19,753
-22,925
-274,508
-21,285
-19,141
-23,271
-26,034
-27,165
-36,592
-35,451
-38,957
-37,244
-33,397
-35,966
-25,888
-360,389
92,601
93,854
110,511
102,443
105,477
107,202
104,057
106,846
107,644
117,104
113,046
117,480
1,278,263
136,725
133,898
157,728
153,163
156,124
168,321
163,861
170,966
167,078
170,239
168,765
166,293
1,913,160
-44,124
-40,044
-47,217
-50,721
-50,647
-61,120
-59,804
-64,120
-59,434
-53,135
-55,719
-48,813
-634,897
7,446
6,604
7,841
9,016
8,767
8,032
9,069
9,912
9,202
9,573
9,533
10,501
105,499
33,050
27,551
37,096
36,457
41,002
40,872
38,622
39,063
36,467
33,467
35,665
36,831
436,145
-25,604
-20,947
-29,255
-27,441
-32,235
-32,840
-29,553
-29,151
-27,265
-23,894
-26,132
-26,330
-330,646
9,275
8,291
9,958
11,059
10,795
10,039
10,902
11,940
11,141
11,410
11,401
12,353
128,564
35,010
29,062
38,763
37,803
42,470
42,305
40,224
40,732
37,741
34,857
36,821
38,083
453,872
-25,735
-20,771
-28,805
-26,744
-31,675
-32,266
-29,322
-28,792
-26,600
-23,447
-25,420
-25,730
-325,308
-31,134
-25,897
-25,442
-27,589
-33,171
-36,274
-37,702
-40,896
-35,855
-37,306
-38,944
-31,876
-402,084
110,179
109,647
131,728
123,959
124,107
123,039
120,239
126,633
127,107
131,058
125,899
126,837
1,480,432
167,048
156,315
185,975
178,293
188,953
191,579
187,263
196,321
189,562
191,811
190,263
184,443
2,207,824
-56,869
-46,668
-54,247
-54,333
-64,846
-68,540
-67,024
-69,688
-62,455
-60,753
-64,364
-57,606
-727,392
2012 January ............

February ..........
March ...............
April .................
May ..................
June .................
July ..................
August .............
September .......
October ............
November ........
11-Month Total
8,730
8,605
9,709
10,152
10,056
9,228
9,154
9,090
9,772
10,106
10,253
104,855
37,044
31,171
37,933
38,129
37,835
35,043
33,604
34,640
32,562
34,131
31,386
383,478
-28,314
-22,566
-28,224
-27,977
-27,779
-25,815
-24,450
-25,550
-22,790
-24,025
-21,133
-278,623
10,606
10,124
11,552
12,057
11,858
11,100
10,887
10,748
11,263
11,639
11,618
123,453
38,290
32,250
38,937
39,043
38,829
35,910
34,683
35,594
33,497
35,198
32,555
394,787
-27,684
-22,126
-27,385
-26,986
-26,971
-24,810
-23,796
-24,846
-22,234
-23,559
-20,937
-271,334
-37,519
-26,181
-29,974
-35,179
-39,590
-33,876
-47,011
-41,178
-35,579
R -41,057
-43,094
-410,238
118,209
123,428
139,965
127,411
131,735
133,018
121,558
128,632
128,237
R 134,020
130,226
1,416,439
183,411
171,735
197,324
189,577
198,296
191,704
192,366
194,656
186,050
R 198,636
194,257
2,098,011
-65,203
-48,307
-57,359
-62,165
-66,561
-58,686
-70,807
-66,024
-57,813
R -64,616
-64,031
-681,572
2011 11-Month Total

2010 11-Month Total
94,995
58,085
399,312
303,574
-304,317
-245,489
116,211
72,279
415,789
323,861
-299,577
-251,582
-370,210
-334,503
1,353,595
1,160,783
2,023,381
1,746,867
-669,786
-586,084
a Prices are not adjusted for inflation. See "Nominal Dollars" in Glossary.
b Crude oil, petroleum preparations, liquefied propane and butane, and other
mineral fuels.
c Petroleum, coal, natural gas, and electricity.
R=Revised.
Notes: Monthly data are not adjusted for seasonal variations. See Note,
"Merchandise Trade Value," at end of section. Totals may not equal sum of
Balance
Total Merchandise
Exports
1974 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Balance
NonEnergy
Balance
Exports
Imports
Balance
components due to independent rounding. The U.S. import statistics reflect both
government and nongovernment imports of merchandise from foreign countries into
the U.S. customs territory, which comprises the 50 States, the District of Columbia,
Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands.
Sources: See end of section.
13
Figure 1.6
Cost of Fuels to End Users in Real (1982-1984) Dollars
Costs, 1973-2012
Costs, October 2012
25
18
Dollars per Million Btu
Dollars per Million Btu
15.24
15
Residential
Electricitya
20
15
Residential
Heating Oilb
10
Motor Gasolinea
13.36
12
9
6
4.97
3
Residential
Natural Gasa
NA
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Residential Electricity,a Monthly
Residential
Electricitya
Motor
Residential Residential
Natural
Heating
Gasolinea
Gasa
Oilb
Motor Gasoline,a Monthly
2.00
1.50
Dollars per Gallon
Cents per Kilowatthour
1.75
2
2011
2012
Residential Heating Oil,b Monthly
2011
2012
Residential Natural Gas,a Monthly
2.00
1.00
0.50
2009
2010
2011
0.00
Dollars per Thousand Cubic Feet
10.00
1.50
Dollars per Gallon
2010
0.00
J
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
2010
2011
2012
0.00
J
Includes taxes.
Excludes taxes.
NA=Not available.
14
0.75
0.25
1.00
0.50
2010
1.25
Note: See Real Dollars in Glossary.

Source: Table 1.6.
Table 1.6 Cost of Fuels to End Users in Real (1982-1984) Dollars

Consumer Price Index,
All Urban Consumersa
Motor Gasolineb
Residential
Heating Oilc
Residential
Natural Gasb
Residential
Electricityb
Index
1982-1984=100
Dollars per
Gallon
Dollars per
Million Btu
Dollars per
Gallon
Dollars per
Million Btu
Dollars per
Thousand
Cubic Feet
Dollars per
Million Btu
Cents per
Kilowatthour
Dollars per
Million Btu
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
44.4
53.8
82.4
107.6
130.7
152.4
156.9
160.5
163.0
166.6
172.2
177.1
179.9
184.0
188.9
195.3
201.6
207.342
215.303
214.537
NA
NA
1.482
1.112
0.931
0.791
0.821
0.804
0.684
0.733
0.908
0.864
0.801
0.890
1.018
1.197
1.307
1.374
1.541
1.119
NA
NA
11.85
8.89
7.44
6.37
6.61
6.48
5.51
5.91
7.32
6.97
6.46
7.18
8.20
9.64
10.52
11.06
12.40
9.01
NA
NA
1.182
0.979
0.813
0.569
0.630
0.613
0.523
0.526
0.761
0.706
0.628
0.736
0.819
1.051
1.173
1.250
1.495
1.112
NA
NA
8.52
7.06
5.86
4.10
4.54
4.42
3.77
3.79
5.49
5.09
4.52
5.31
5.91
7.58
8.46
9.01
10.78
8.02
2.91
3.18
4.47
5.69
4.44
3.98
4.04
4.32
4.18
4.02
4.51
5.44
4.39
5.23
5.69
6.50
6.81
6.31
6.45
5.66
2.85
3.12
4.36
5.52
4.31
3.87
3.94
4.21
4.05
3.91
4.39
5.28
4.28
5.09
5.55
6.33
6.63
6.14
6.28
5.52
5.6
6.5
6.6
6.87
5.99
5.51
5.33
5.25
5.07
4.90
4.79
4.84
4.69
4.74
4.74
4.84
5.16
5.14
5.23
5.37
16.50
19.07
19.21
20.13
17.56
16.15
15.62
15.39
14.85
14.36
14.02
14.20
13.75
13.89
13.89
14.18
15.12
15.05
15.33
15.72
2010 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Average ..................
216.687
216.741
217.631
218.009
218.178
217.965
218.011
218.312
218.439
218.711
218.803
219.179
218.056
1.282
1.250
1.300
1.333
1.336
1.277
1.277
1.280
1.261
1.300
1.325
1.383
1.301
10.32
10.06
10.46
10.73
10.75
10.28
10.27
10.31
10.15
10.46
10.66
11.13
10.47
1.275
1.226
1.267
1.278
1.248
1.203
1.185
1.190
1.209
1.278
1.337
1.409
1.283
9.19
8.84
9.13
9.22
9.00
8.68
8.55
8.58
8.72
9.21
9.64
10.16
9.25
4.87
4.93
5.05
5.49
6.01
6.82
7.44
7.63
7.16
6.11
R 4.98
R 4.55
5.22
4.76
4.82
4.84
5.02
5.10
5.37
5.46
5.46
5.52
5.51
5.47
5.42
5.31
5.05
5.29
14.19
14.73
14.96
15.74
16.00
16.01
16.19
16.15
16.03
15.89
15.56
14.79
15.51
2011 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Average ..................
220.223
221.309
223.467
224.906
225.964
225.722
225.922
226.545
226.889
226.421
226.230
225.672
224.939
1.425
1.453
1.608
1.718
1.762
1.663
1.639
1.624
1.615
1.555
1.536
1.475
1.590
11.47
11.69
12.95
13.83
14.18
13.38
13.19
13.07
13.00
12.52
12.36
11.87
12.80
1.476
1.540
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
10.64
11.11
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
R 4.50
4.94
5.00
5.16
5.19
5.28
5.30
5.35
5.34
5.36
5.34
5.21
5.05
5.21
14.47
14.65
15.11
15.21
15.47
15.54
15.68
15.64
15.72
15.64
15.26
14.81
15.27
2012 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Average ..................
226.665
227.663
229.392
230.085
229.815
229.478
229.104
230.379
231.407
231.317
230.221
229.601
229.594
1.521
1.591
1.708
1.728
1.670
1.570
1.529
1.632
1.689
1.660
1.539
1.475
1.609
12.24
12.81
13.75
13.91
13.45
12.63
12.30
13.13
13.59
13.36
12.38
11.87
12.95
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
4.25
4.18
4.56
R 4.74
R 5.41
R 6.20
R 6.67
6.92
6.44
R 5.08
NA
NA
NA
5.03
5.06
5.11
5.18
5.20
5.27
5.24
5.28
5.33
R 5.20
NA
NA
NA
14.73
14.83
14.97
15.17
15.23
15.44
15.35
15.48
15.62
R 15.24
NA
NA
NA
1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
a Data are U.S. city averages for all items, and are not seasonally adjusted.
b Includes taxes.
c Excludes taxes.
R=Revised. NA=Not available.

Notes: See "Real Dollars" in Glossary. Fuel costs are calculated by using
the Urban Consumer Price Index (CPI) developed by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics. Annual averages may not equal average of months due to
independent rounding. Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District of
4.58
R 4.67
5.01
5.53
R 6.51
R 7.14
7.36
R 6.89
R 5.68
4.77
4.36
4.90
R 4.94
5.37
5.88
6.66
7.27
7.46
R 6.99
5.98
R 4.87
R 4.45
5.11
R 4.40
R 4.48
R 4.57
R 4.90
5.41
R 6.37
6.99
R 7.20
R 6.74
R 5.55
4.66
R 4.27
R 4.80
4.16
R 4.09
R 4.46
R 4.64
5.30
R 6.06
6.53
R 6.77
6.30
R 4.97
NA
NA
NA
Columbia.
Sources: Fuel Prices: Tables 9.4 (All Types), 9.8, and 9.10, adjusted by the
CPI; and Monthy Energy Review, September 2012, Table 9.8c. Consumer Price
Index, All Urban Consumers: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor
Statistics, series ID CUUR0000SA0. Conversion Factors: Tables A1, A3, A4,
and A6.
15
Figure 1.7
Primary Energy Consumption per Real Dollar of Gross Domestic Product, 1973-2011
(Thousand Btu per Chained (2005) Dollar)
20
15
Total
10
Petroleum and Natural Gas
5
Other Energy
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Note: See Real Dollars in Glossary.

Source: Table 1.7.
Table 1.7 Primary Energy Consumption per Real Dollar of Gross Domestic Product
Energy Consumption
Petroleum and
Natural Gas
Other
Energya
Total
Billion Chained
(2005) Dollars
Quadrillion Btu
1973 Year
1974 Year
1975 Year
1976 Year
1977 Year
1978 Year
1979 Year
1980 Year
1981 Year
1982 Year
1983 Year
1984 Year
1985 Year
1986 Year
1987 Year
1988 Year
1989 Year
1990 Year
1991 Year
1992 Year
1993 Year
1994 Year
1995 Year
1996 Year
1997 Year
1998 Year
1999 Year
2000 Year
2001 Year
2002 Year
2003 Year
2004 Year
2005 Year
2006 Year
2007 Year
2008 Year
2009 Year
2010 Year
2011 Year
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
57.350
55.186
52.680
55.523
57.054
57.963
57.788
54.440
51.680
48.588
47.273
49.447
48.628
48.790
50.504
52.671
53.811
53.155
52.879
54.239
54.973
56.289
57.110
58.760
59.382
59.646
60.747
62.086
60.958
61.734
61.642
63.215
62.953
62.194
63.437
61.123
58.819
R 60.584
R 60.325
18.334
18.776
19.284
20.452
20.907
21.987
23.070
23.627
24.426
24.511
25.698
27.185
27.764
27.857
28.551
30.038
30.975
31.330
31.559
31.544
32.450
32.803
33.920
35.262
35.221
35.372
35.905
36.729
35.210
35.911
36.301
36.945
37.328
37.435
37.859
38.152
35.740
37.398
37.143
75.684
73.962
71.965
75.975
77.961
79.950
80.859
78.067
76.106
73.099
72.971
76.632
76.392
76.647
79.054
82.709
84.786
84.485
84.438
85.783
87.424
89.091
91.029
94.022
94.602
95.018
96.652
98.814
96.168
97.645
97.943
100.160
100.282
99.629
101.296
99.275
94.559
R 97.982
R 97.468
a Coal, coal coke net imports, nuclear electric power, renewable energy,
and electricity net imports.
R=Revised.
Notes: See "Primary Energy Consumption" and "Real Dollars" in
Glossary. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent
rounding. Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District of
16
Gross
Domestic
Product
(GDP)
4,912.8
4,885.7
4,875.4
5,136.9
5,373.1
5,672.8
5,850.1
5,834.0
5,982.1
5,865.9
6,130.9
6,571.5
6,843.4
7,080.5
7,307.0
7,607.4
7,879.2
8,027.1
8,008.3
8,280.0
8,516.2
8,863.1
9,086.0
9,425.8
9,845.9
10,274.7
10,770.7
11,216.4
11,337.5
11,543.1
11,836.4
12,246.9
12,623.0
12,958.5
13,206.4
13,161.9
12,757.9
13,063.0
13,299.1
Energy Consumption per Real Dollar of GDP

Petroleum and
Natural Gas
Other
Energya
Total
Thousand Btu per Chained (2005) Dollar

11.67
11.30
10.81
10.81
10.62
10.22
9.88
9.33
8.64
8.28
7.71
7.52
7.11
6.89
6.91
6.92
6.83
6.62
6.60
6.55
6.46
6.35
6.29
6.23
6.03
5.81
5.64
5.54
5.38
5.35
5.21
5.16
4.99
4.80
4.80
4.64
4.61
R 4.64
R 4.54
3.73
3.84
3.96
3.98
3.89
3.88
3.94
4.05
4.08
4.18
4.19
4.14
4.06
3.93
3.91
3.95
3.93
3.90
3.94
3.81
3.81
3.70
3.73
3.74
3.58
3.44
3.33
3.27
3.11
3.11
3.07
3.02
2.96
2.89
2.87
2.90
2.80
2.86
2.79
15.41
15.14
14.76
14.79
14.51
14.09
13.82
13.38
12.72
12.46
11.90
11.66
11.16
10.83
10.82
10.87
10.76
10.52
10.54
10.36
10.27
10.05
10.02
9.97
9.61
9.25
8.97
8.81
8.48
8.46
8.27
8.18
7.94
7.69
7.67
7.54
7.41
R 7.50
R 7.33
Columbia.
Sources: Energy Consumption: Table 1.3. Gross Domestic
Product: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis,
National Income and Product Accounts (December 20, 2012), Table 1.1.6.
Figure 1.8
Motor Vehicle Fuel Economy, 1973-2010

(Miles per Gallon)
25
Light-Duty Vehicles, Short Wheelbasea
20
15
Light-Duty Vehicles, Long Wheelbaseb
10
Heavy-Duty Trucksc
5
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010

Source: Table 1.8
Table 1.8 Motor Vehicle Mileage, Fuel Consumption, and Fuel Economy
Light-Duty Vehicles,
Short Wheelbasea
Mileage
(miles
per
vehicle)
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010P
9,884
9,221
9,309
9,418
9,517
9,500
9,062
8,813
8,873
9,050
9,118
9,248
9,419
9,464
9,720
9,972
10,157
10,504
10,571
10,857
10,804
10,992
11,203
11,330
11,581
11,754
11,848
11,976
11,831
12,202
12,325
12,460
12,510
12,485
a10,710
10,290
10,391
10,649
Light-Duty Vehicles,
Long Wheelbaseb
Fuel
Fuel
Consumption Economy
(gallons
(miles per
per vehicle)
gallon)
737
677
665
681
676
665
620
551
538
535
534
530
538
543
539
531
533
520
501
517
527
531
530
534
539
544
553
547
534
555
556
553
567
554
a468
435
442
453
13.4
13.6
14.0
13.8
14.1
14.3
14.6
16.0
16.5
16.9
17.1
17.4
17.5
17.4
18.0
18.8
19.0
20.2
21.1
21.0
20.5
20.7
21.1
21.2
21.5
21.6
21.4
21.9
22.1
22.0
22.2
22.5
22.1
22.5
a22.9
23.7
23.5
23.5
Mileage
(miles
per
vehicle)
9,779
9,452
9,829
10,127
10,607
10,968
10,802
10,437
10,244
10,276
10,497
11,151
10,506
10,764
11,114
11,465
11,676
11,902
12,245
12,381
12,430
12,156
12,018
11,811
12,115
12,173
11,957
11,672
11,204
11,364
11,287
11,184
10,920
10,920
b14,970
15,256
15,252
15,463
Heavy-Duty Trucksc
Fuel
Fuel
Consumption Economy
(gallons
(miles per
per vehicle)
gallon)
931
862
934
934
947
948
905
854
819
762
767
797
735
738
744
745
724
738
721
717
714
701
694
685
703
707
701
669
636
650
697
690
617
612
b877
880
882
898
10.5
11.0
10.5
10.8
11.2
11.6
11.9
12.2
12.5
13.5
13.7
14.0
14.3
14.6
14.9
15.4
16.1
16.1
17.0
17.3
17.4
17.3
17.3
17.2
17.2
17.2
17.0
17.4
17.6
17.5
16.2
16.2
17.7
17.8
b17.1
17.3
17.3
17.2
a Through 2006, data are for passenger cars (and, through 1989, for
motorcycles). Beginning in 2007, data are for passenger cars, light trucks, vans,
and sport utility vehicles with a wheelbase equal to or less than 121 inches.
b Through 2006, data are for vans, pickup trucks, sport utility vehicles, and a
small number of trucks with 2 axles and 4 tires, such as step vans. Beginning in
2007, data are for large passenger cars, vans, pickup trucks, and sport utility
vehicles with a wheelbase larger than 121 inches.
c Through 2006, data are for single-unit trucks with 2 axles and 6 or more tires,
and combination trucks. Beginning in 2007, data are for single-unit trucks with 2
axles and 6 or more tires or a gross vehicle weight rating exceeding 10,000
pounds, and combination trucks.
Mileage
(miles
per
vehicle)
15,370
14,995
15,167
15,438
16,700
18,045
18,502
18,736
19,016
19,931
21,083
22,550
20,597
22,143
23,349
22,485
22,926
23,603
24,229
25,373
26,262
25,838
26,514
26,092
27,032
25,397
26,014
25,617
26,602
27,071
28,093
27,023
26,235
25,231
c28,290
28,573
26,274
26,609
All Motor Vehiclesd
Fuel
Fuel
Consumption Economy
(gallons
(miles per
per vehicle)
gallon)
2,775
2,708
2,722
2,764
3,002
3,263
3,380
3,447
3,565
3,647
3,769
3,967
3,570
3,821
3,937
3,736
3,776
3,953
4,047
4,210
4,309
4,202
4,315
4,221
4,218
4,135
4,352
4,391
4,477
4,642
4,215
4,057
4,385
4,304
c4,398
4,387
4,037
4,174
5.5
5.5
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.5
5.5
5.4
5.3
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.8
5.9
6.0
6.1
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.1
6.1
6.1
6.2
6.4
6.1
6.0
5.8
5.9
5.8
6.7
6.7
6.0
5.9
6.4
6.5
6.5
6.4
Mileage
(miles
per
vehicle)
10,099
9,493
9,627
9,774
9,978
10,077
9,722
9,458
9,477
9,644
9,760
10,017
10,020
10,143
10,453
10,721
10,932
11,107
11,294
11,558
11,595
11,683
11,793
11,813
12,107
12,211
12,206
12,164
11,887
12,171
12,208
12,200
12,082
12,017
11,915
11,631
11,631
11,853
Fuel
Fuel
Consumption Economy
(gallons
(miles per
per vehicle)
gallon)
850
788
790
806
814
816
776
712
697
686
686
691
685
692
694
688
688
677
669
683
693
698
700
700
711
721
732
720
695
719
718
714
706
698
693
667
661
678
11.9
12.0
12.2
12.1
12.3
12.4
12.5
13.3
13.6
14.1
14.2
14.5
14.6
14.7
15.1
15.6
15.9
16.4
16.9
16.9
16.7
16.7
16.8
16.9
17.0
16.9
16.7
16.9
17.1
16.9
17.0
17.1
17.1
17.2
17.2
17.4
17.6
17.5
d Includes buses and motorcycles, which are not shown separately.

P=Preliminary.
Note: Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District of Columbia.
Sources: Light-Duty Vehicles, Short Wheelbase, 1990-1994: U.S.
Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, National
Transportation Statistics 1998, Table 4-13.
All Other Data:
1973-1994Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Highway Statistics Summary

to 1995, Table VM-201A. 1995 forwardFHWA, Highway Statistics, annual
reports, Table VM-1.
17
Table 1.9 Heating Degree-Days by Census Division

Cumulative
July through December
December
Percent Change
Percent Change
Normal
to 2012
2011
to 2012
Normala
2011
2012
Normal
to 2012
2011
to 2012
931
-14
2,462
1,976
2,213
-10
12
830
833
-17
(s)
2,191
1,783
1,980
-10
11
1,135
939
919
-19
-2
2,472
2,125
2,327
-6
10
West North Central

Iowa, Kansas,
Minnesota, Missouri,
Nebraska, North Dakota,
South Dakota ............................
1,248
1,056
1,111
-11
2,695
2,355
2,531
-6
South Atlantic
Delaware, Florida,
Georgia, Maryland and
the District of Columbia,
North Carolina,
South Carolina, Virginia,
West Virginia ............................
555
436
431
-22
-1
1,083
918
1,025
-5
12
East South Central

Alabama, Kentucky,
Mississippi, Tennessee ............
715
604
546
-24
-10
1,410
1,274
1,338
-5
West South Central

Arkansas, Louisiana,
Oklahoma, Texas .....................
520
497
411
-21
-17
905
849
769
-15
-9
Mountain
Arizona, Colorado,
Idaho, Montana,
Nevada, New Mexico,
Utah, Wyoming .........................
928
963
885
-5
-8
2,147
1,995
1,809
-16
-9
California, Oregon,
Washington ...............................
563
585
574
-2
1,253
1,222
1,097
-12
-10
U.S. Averageb ................................
817
713
695
-15
-3
1,739
1,518
1,586
-9
Census Divisions
Normala
New England
Connecticut, Maine,
Massachusetts,
New Hampshire,
Rhode Island, Vermont .............
Middle Atlantic
New Jersey, New York,
Pennsylvania ............................
2011
2012
1,078
895
998
East North Central

Illinois, Indiana,
Michigan, Ohio,
Wisconsin .................................
Pacificb
a "Normal" is based on calculations of data from 1971 through 2000.

b Excludes Alaska and Hawaii.
(s)=Less than 0.5 percent and greater than -0.5 percent.

Notes: Degree-days are relative measurements of outdoor air temperature
used as an index for heating and cooling energy requirements. Heating
degree-days are the number of degrees that the daily average temperature
falls below 65 F. Cooling degree-days are the number of degrees that the
daily average temperature rises above 65 F. The daily average temperature
is the mean of the maximum and minimum temperatures in a 24-hour period.
For example, a weather station recording an average daily temperature of 40
F would report 25 heating degree-days for that day (and 0 cooling
degree-days). If a weather station recorded an average daily temperature of
78 F, cooling degree-days for that station would be 13 (and 0 heating degree
days).
Web Pages: See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#summary
for current data. See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/annual/#summary
18
for historical data.

Sources: There are several degree-day databases maintained by the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The information published
here is developed by the National Weather Service Climate Prediction Center,
Camp Springs, MD. The data are available weekly with monthly summaries
and are based on mean daily temperatures recorded at about 200 major
weather stations around the country. The temperature information recorded
at those weather stations is used to calculate statewide degree-day averages
based on population. The State figures are then aggregated into Census
Divisions and into the national average. The population weights currently
used represent resident State population data estimated for the 2000 Census
by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. The data
provided here are available sooner than the Historical Climatology Series 5-1
(heating degree-days) developed by the National Climatic Data Center,
Asheville, NC, which compiles data from some 8,000 weather stations.
Table 1.10 Cooling Degree-Days by Census Division

Cumulative
January through December
December
Percent Change
Normala
Census Divisions
2011
2012
Normal
to 2012
2011
to 2012
Percent Change
Normala
2011
2012
Normal
to 2012
2011
to 2012
New England
Connecticut, Maine,
Massachusetts,
New Hampshire,
Rhode Island, Vermont .............
NM
NM
417
607
611
47
Middle Atlantic
New Jersey, New York,
Pennsylvania ............................
NM
NM
656
886
895
36
East North Central

Illinois, Indiana,
Michigan, Ohio,
Wisconsin .................................
NM
NM
709
897
999
41
11
West North Central

Iowa, Kansas,
Minnesota, Missouri,
Nebraska, North Dakota,
South Dakota ............................
NM
NM
927
1,118
1,218
31
South Atlantic
Delaware, Florida,
Georgia, Maryland and
the District of Columbia,
North Carolina,
South Carolina, Virginia,
West Virginia ............................
33
39
38
NM
NM
1,965
2,333
2,212
13
-5
East South Central

Alabama, Kentucky,
Mississippi, Tennessee ............
NM
NM
1,548
1,817
1,783
15
-2
West South Central

Arkansas, Louisiana,
Oklahoma, Texas .....................
10
34
NM
NM
2,450
3,173
2,935
20
-8
Mountain
Arizona, Colorado,
Idaho, Montana,
Nevada, New Mexico,
Utah, Wyoming .........................
NM
NM
1,243
1,386
1,522
22
10
California, Oregon,
Washington ...............................
NM
NM
704
718
905
29
26
U.S. Averageb ................................
11
NM
NM
1,217
1,478
1,489
22
Pacificb
a "Normal" is based on calculations of data from 1971 through 2000.

b Excludes Alaska and Hawaii.
NM=Not meaningful (because "Normal" is less than 100 or ratio is

incalculable).
Notes: Degree-days are relative measurements of outdoor air temperature
used as an index for heating and cooling energy requirements. Cooling
degree-days are the number of degrees that the daily average temperature
rises above 65 F. Heating degree-days are the number of degrees that the
daily average temperature falls below 65 F. The daily average temperature
is the mean of the maximum and minimum temperatures in a 24-hour period.
For example, if a weather station recorded an average daily temperature of
78 F, cooling degree-days for that station would be 13 (and 0 heating
degree-days). A weather station recording an average daily temperature of
40 F would report 25 heating degree-days for that day (and 0 cooling degreedays).
Web Pages: See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#summary
for current data. See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/annual/#summary

for historical data.
Sources: There are several degree-day databases maintained by the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The information published
here is developed by the National Weather Service Climate Prediction Center,
Camp Springs, MD. The data are available weekly with monthly summaries
and are based on mean daily temperatures recorded at about 200 major
weather stations around the country. The temperature information recorded
at those weather stations is used to calculate statewide degree-day averages
based on population. The State figures are then aggregated into Census
Divisions and into the national average. The population weights currently
used represent resident State population data estimated for the 2000 Census
by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. The data
provided here are available sooner than the Historical Climatology Series 5-2
(cooling degree-days) developed by the National Climatic Data Center,
Asheville, NC, which compiles data from some 8,000 weather stations.
19
Energy Overview
2012: U.S. International Trade in Goods and Services,

FT-900, monthly.
Note. Merchandise Trade Value. Imports data presented

are based on the customs values. Those values do not
include insurance and freight and are consequently lower
than the cost, insurance, and freight (CIF) values, which are
also reported by the Bureau of the Census. All exports data,
and imports data prior to 1981, are on a free alongside ship
(f.a.s.) basis.
Petroleum Imports
19741987: U.S. Merchandise Trade, FT-900, December
issues, 1975-1988.
1988 and 1989: Report on U.S. Merchandise Trade, Final
Revisions.
19901993: U.S. Merchandise Trade, Final Report.
Annual Revision.
FT-900, monthly.
Balance is exports minus imports; a positive balance

indicates a surplus trade value and a negative balance
indicates a deficit trade value. Energy includes mineral
fuels, lubricants, and related material. Non-Energy Balance
and Total Merchandise include foreign exports (i.e.,
re-exports) and nonmonetary gold and U.S. Department of
Defense Grant-Aid shipments. The Non-Energy Balance
is calculated by subtracting the Energy from the Total
Merchandise Balance.
Imports consist of government and nongovernment
shipments of merchandise into the 50 States, the District of
Columbia, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the
U.S. Foreign Trade Zones. They reflect the total arrival
from foreign countries of merchandise that immediately
entered consumption channels, warehouses, the Foreign
Trade Zones, or the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. They
exclude shipments between the United States, Puerto Rico,
and U.S. possessions, shipments to U.S. Armed Forces and
diplomatic missions abroad for their own use, U.S. goods
returned to the United States by its Armed Forces, and
in-transit shipments.
Table 1.5 Sources

U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census,
Foreign Trade Division:
Petroleum Exports
19741987: U.S. Exports, FT-410, December issues.
1988 and 1989: Report on U.S. Merchandise Trade, Final
Revisions.
Annual Revision.
20
Energy Exports and Imports

19741987: U.S. merchandise trade press releases and
database printouts for adjustments.
1988: January-July, monthly FT-900 supplement, 1989 issues.
August-December, monthly FT-900, 1989 issues.
1989: Monthly FT-900, 1990 issues.
Annual Revision.
FT-900, monthly.
Petroleum, Energy, and Non-Energy Balances
Calculated by the U.S. Energy Information Administration.
Total Merchandise
19741987: U.S. merchandise trade press releases and database
printouts for adjustments.
1988: Report on U.S. Merchandise Trade, 1988 Final
Revisions, August 18, 1989.
1989: Report on U.S. Merchandise Trade, 1989
Revisions, July 10, 1990.
1990: U.S. Merchandise Trade, 1990 Final Report, May
10, 1991, and U.S. Merchandise Trade, December 1992,
February 18, 1993, page 3.
1991: U.S. Merchandise Trade, 1992 Final Report, May
12, 1993.
Annual Revision.
FT-900, monthly.
2. Energy Consumption
by Sector
Figure 2.1 Energy Consumption by Sector

(Quadrillion Btu)
Total Consumption by End-Use Sector, 1973-2011
40
Industrial
30
Transportation
Residential
20
Commercial
10
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Total Consumption by End-Use Sector, Monthly

4
3
Industrial
Transportation
Residential
Commercial
0
J
F M A M J
A S O N D
F M A M J
2010
J A S O N D
F M A M J
2011
J A S O N D
2012
By Sector, October 2012

5
Primary Consumption
Total Consumption
4
2.956
3
2.585
2.251
2.258
1.743
1.399
1.371
1
0.385
0.277
0
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Transportation
Web Page: http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#consumption.

Source: Table 2.1.
22
Energy Information Administration / Monthly Energy Review January 2013
Electric Power
Table 2.1 Energy Consumption by Sector

(Trillion Btu)
End-Use Sectors
Residential
Commerciala
Industrialb
Transportation
Electric
Power
Sectorc,d
Balancing
Itemg
Primary
Totalh
Primarye
Totalf
Primarye
Totalf
Primarye
Totalf
Primarye
Totalf
Primarye
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
8,225
7,990
7,439
7,148
6,557
6,936
7,467
7,033
6,413
6,775
7,159
6,868
6,912
7,211
6,993
6,909
6,168
6,598
6,817
6,619
14,897
14,813
15,753
16,041
16,945
18,519
19,504
18,965
18,955
19,557
20,425
20,042
20,791
21,097
21,092
21,626
20,688
21,531
21,596
21,064
4,423
4,059
4,105
3,732
3,896
4,101
4,273
4,295
4,005
4,053
4,278
4,084
4,132
4,283
4,232
4,051
3,747
3,922
4,073
4,061
9,543
9,492
10,578
11,451
13,320
14,690
15,172
15,681
15,968
16,376
17,175
17,137
17,345
17,331
17,659
17,857
17,711
18,255
18,381
17,899
24,720
21,434
22,595
19,443
21,180
22,719
23,410
23,686
23,177
22,950
22,824
21,794
21,799
21,502
22,412
21,411
21,536
21,370
20,480
18,813
32,623
29,413
32,039
28,816
31,810
33,971
34,904
35,200
34,843
34,764
34,664
32,720
32,662
32,522
33,519
32,446
32,401
32,394
31,290
28,525
18,577
18,210
19,659
20,041
22,366
23,791
24,383
24,695
25,201
25,891
26,489
26,213
26,781
26,920
27,817
28,272
28,751
29,029
27,925
26,989
18,613
18,245
19,697
20,088
22,420
23,846
24,437
24,750
25,256
25,949
26,548
26,275
26,842
26,994
27,895
28,353
28,830
29,117
28,008
27,071
19,731
20,270
24,269
26,032
30,495
33,479
34,485
34,886
36,225
36,976
38,062
37,215
38,016
38,028
38,712
39,638
39,428
40,377
39,978
38,077
7
1
-1
-4
-9
3
4
6
-3
6
2
-6
5
-1
-6
(s)
(s)
-1
(s)
(s)
75,684
71,965
78,067
76,392
84,485
91,029
94,022
94,602
95,018
96,652
98,814
96,168
97,645
97,943
100,160
100,282
99,629
101,296
99,275
94,559
2010 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
November ..............
December ..............
Total ......................
R 1,141
R 2,690
2,190
R 2,391
R 2,005
R 1,778
R 2,584
R 1,649
R 2,460
R 1,638
R 2,553
1,659
1,889
1,855
1,494
1,331
1,597
R 2,475
R 21,857
R 1,634
R 2,543
R 1,644
R 2,558
R 1,732
R 2,659
R 1,696
R 2,537
R 1,669
R 2,508
R 1,698
R 2,550
R 1,831
R 2,709
R 20,322
R 30,569
2,290
2,280
2,349
R 2,321
R 2,405
R 2,400
R 2,292
2,327
R 2,222
2,307
R 27,388
2,198
2,012
2,297
2,286
2,356
2,328
R 2,412
2,406
2,298
R 2,334
2,228
2,314
R 27,469
3,484
3,073
3,008
2,755
3,163
3,611
3,934
3,917
3,306
2,942
2,944
3,488
R 39,627
4
1
-1
-2
-1
2
4
3
(s)
-1
-1
1
8
R 9,160
R 1,627
R 1,886
1,752
1,585
1,465
1,307
1,410
1,501
1,546
1,547
R 1,391
1,364
1,451
1,761
R 18,079
R 2,516
R 2,249
737
439
328
R 267
240
232
237
343
599
R 1,053
R 6,598
617
548
419
277
226
198
182
186
189
256
364
579
R 4,040
R 1,723
R 984
R 97,982
2011 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
November ..............
December ..............
Total ......................
R 1,174
R 2,683
R 636
R 1,762
R 1,840
R 2,674
R 2,207
R 2,214
3,477
R3
R 9,337
R 954
R 2,170
R 531
R 1,541
R 1,619
R 2,392
R 2,034
R 2,040
R 3,006
R 770
R 1,873
R 449
R 1,811
R 2,675
R 481
R 1,466
299
R 1,637
R 2,483
R 330
R 1,385
R 221
R 1,645
R 2,532
R 264
R 1,615
R 198
R 1,627
R 2,526
242
R 252
264
R 383
R 595
R 886
R 6,592
1,915
1,854
R 1,480
R 1,356
R 1,583
R 2,125
R 21,504
R 188
1,545
R 1,356
R 1,384
R 1,464
R 1,573
1,553
1,381
R 1,404
R 1,434
R 1,621
R 18,015
R 1,632
R 2,575
R 1,728
R 2,655
R 1,651
R 2,493
R 1,716
R 2,583
R 1,753
R 2,610
R 1,742
R 2,594
R 20,404
R 30,793
2,296
2,236
R 2,313
R 2,319
2,341
2,366
2,234
R 2,270
R 2,185
R 2,267
R 27,067
2,303
2,243
R 2,320
R 2,326
2,348
2,373
2,240
R 2,276
2,192
R 2,274
R 27,148
3,069
2,895
3,111
R 3,523
4,008
3,883
3,234
2,964
2,916
R 3,215
R 39,301
2012 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
R 1,008
R 2,320
561
1,654
R 1,797
R 2,616
R 848
R 486
R 1,503
R 1,700
R 2,496
348
R 278
219
199
R 192
R 210
R 207
277
2,976
1,395
1,311
1,404
1,442
R 1,560
R 1,526
R 1,370
1,399
14,565
R 2,504
R 1,616
R 2,442
R 1,671
R 2,578
R 1,615
R 2,495
R 1,641
R 2,567
R 1,691
R 2,594
R 1,608
R 2,423
1,743
16,755
2,585
25,299
2,127
2,080
2,235
R 2,213
2,312
2,284
2,320
2,366
2,160
2,251
22,350
2,134
2,087
R 1,673
424
309
R 263
R 250
260
259
385
4,582
1,951
1,593
1,329
1,391
R 1,563
1,901
R 1,784
R 1,449
1,371
16,653
2,327
2,373
2,167
2,258
22,416
3,230
2,922
2,903
2,770
3,181
3,429
3,951
3,750
3,175
2,956
32,269

5,113
4,947
17,796
17,786
3,225
3,097
14,962
14,868
16,908
16,792
25,589
25,309
22,615
22,859
22,682
22,927
33,169
33,194
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
R 574
1,347
R 1,385
R 205
212
R 286
R 368
R 504
R 4,096
a Commercial sector, including commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP)

and commercial electricity-only plants.
b Industrial sector, including industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and
industrial electricity-only plants.
c Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS
22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to
the public.
d Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only. Beginning in 1989, data are
for electric utilities and independent power producers.
e See "Primary Energy Consumption" in Glossary.
f Total energy consumption in the end-use sectors consists of primary energy
consumption, electricity retail sales, and electrical system energy losses. See Note
2, "Electrical System Energy Losses," at end of section.
R 2,242
2,219
R 2,319
R 2,291
R (s)
R 8,238
R 8,231
R 7,397
R 7,704
R 8,034
R 8,409
R 8,470
R 7,719
R 7,535
R 7,825
R 9,260
R 8,143
R -2
R 8,393
R -1
R 7,546
R -1
R 7,620
R2
R 7,934
R6
R 8,417
R5
R 8,439
R (s)
R -2
R -2
R 7,594
R 7,617
R 7,816
R -1
R 8,612
R7
R 97,468
R (s)
R 8,723
R -2
R 8,035
R -5
R 7,729
R -5
R 7,296
R -2
R 7,689
1
R5
R3
R1
-2
-6
R 7,793
11
8
81,040
80,897
R 8,360
R 8,280
R 7,410
7,611
78,926
g A balancing item. The sum of primary consumption in the five energy-use

sectors equals the sum of total consumption in the four end-use sectors. However,
total energy consumption does not equal the sum of the sectoral components due
to the use of sector-specific conversion factors for coal and natural gas.
h Primary energy consumption total. See Table 1.3.
R=Revised. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu and greater than -0.5 trillion Btu.
Notes: See Note, "Classification of Power Plants Into Energy-Use Sectors," at
end of Section 7. See Note 1, "Energy Consumption Data and Surveys," at end
of section. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent
rounding. Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District of Columbia.
Web Page: See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#consumption for
Sources: Tables 1.3 and 2.22.6.
23
Figure 2.2
Residential Sector Energy Consumption

(Quadrillion Btu)

6
Natural Gas
5
4
Electricitya
3
2
Petroleum
Renewable Energy
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010

1.2
Natural Gas
0.9
0.6
Electricitya
0.3
Renewable
Energy
Petroleum
0.0
J
F M A M J
J A S O N D
F M A M J
2010
J A S O N D
F M A M J
2011
J A S O N D
2012
20
17.785
17.795
16.652
0.330
Electricitya
15
Natural Gas
0.245
10
Petroleum
0.086
5
Renewable
Energy
0.054
0
2010
2011
2012
0.0
0.2
0.4
a
Electricity retail sales.
Source: Table 2.2.
24
0.6
0.8
1.0
Table 2.2 Residential Sector Energy Consumption

(Trillion Btu)
Primary Consumptiona
Renewable Energyb
Fossil Fuels
Coal
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Natural
Gasc
Petroleum
Total
Geothermal
Solar/
PV
Biomass
Total
Total
Primary
Electricity
Retail
Salesd
Electrical
System
Energy
Lossese
Total
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
94
63
31
39
31
17
17
16
12
14
11
12
12
12
11
8
6
8
8
R7
4,977
5,023
4,825
4,534
4,491
4,954
5,354
5,093
4,646
4,835
5,105
4,889
4,995
5,209
4,981
4,946
4,476
4,835
5,010
4,883
2,800
2,479
1,734
1,565
1,394
1,374
1,484
1,422
1,304
1,465
1,554
1,529
1,457
1,519
1,520
1,451
1,224
1,254
1,243
1,176
7,871
7,564
6,589
6,138
5,916
6,345
6,854
6,531
5,962
6,314
6,670
6,430
6,464
6,741
6,513
6,406
5,706
6,097
6,261
6,067
NA
NA
NA
NA
6
7
7
8
8
9
9
9
10
13
14
16
18
22
26
33
NA
NA
NA
NA
56
64
65
64
64
63
61
59
57
57
57
58
63
70
80
89
354
425
850
1,010
580
520
540
430
380
390
420
370
380
400
410
430
380
410
450
430
354
425
850
1,010
641
591
612
502
452
461
489
438
448
470
481
504
462
502
557
552
8,225
7,990
7,439
7,148
6,557
6,936
7,467
7,033
6,413
6,775
7,159
6,868
6,912
7,211
6,993
6,909
6,168
6,598
6,817
R 6,618
1,976
2,007
2,448
2,709
3,153
3,557
3,694
3,671
3,856
3,906
4,069
4,100
4,317
4,353
4,408
4,638
4,611
4,750
4,708
4,656
4,696
4,817
5,866
6,184
7,235
8,026
8,344
8,261
8,686
8,875
9,197
9,074
9,562
9,534
9,690
10,079
9,909
10,182
10,071
9,789
14,897
14,813
15,753
16,041
16,945
18,519
19,504
18,965
18,955
19,557
20,425
20,042
20,791
21,097
21,092
21,626
20,688
21,531
21,596
R 21,063
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
1
1
1
(s)
(s)
R (s)
R (s)
R (s)
(s)
1
1
1
7
R 952
R 811
R 591
R 319
140
128
96
72
78
83
78
74
70
88
96
140
1,142
R 1,093
R 940
R 688
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
37
10
9
10
9
10
9
10
10
9
10
9
10
114
36
32
36
35
36
35
36
36
35
36
35
36
420
48
44
48
47
48
47
48
48
47
48
47
48
571
R 1,141
R 984
R 736
503
419
381
300
324
435
528
526
425
330
318
444
4,933
1,045
846
768
608
734
956
1,121
1,098
832
658
680
978
10,326
R 2,690
R 2,249
R 1,886
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
1
1
1
(s)
(s)
R (s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
R (s)
R5
132
121
105
76
67
76
76
89
89
99
107
134
1,171
R 1,122
R 907
R 718
R 430
R 278
R 214
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
40
12
11
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
140
37
33
37
35
37
35
37
37
35
37
35
37
430
52
47
52
50
52
50
52
52
50
52
50
52
610
R 1,174
R 953
R 770
R 481
R 330
R 264
R 241
R 252
495
410
358
320
333
430
528
525
419
323
318
397
4,855
1,015
806
R 745
666
722
R 920
1,145
1,077
798
650
670
842
10,057
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
R (s)
R (s)
R 954
R 797
881
734
680
603
739
880
1,123
1,020
784
656
8,101
R 2,320
R 1,950
8,543
8,667
17,795
17,785

201
137
R 113
109
120
R 205
456
865
R 4,878
R 989
R 785
R 613
R 354
R 211
R 137
R 113
R 111
124
R 232
R 437
R 699
R 4,804
R 818
R 681
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
3
416
289
168
127
R 111
109
122
245
3,084
136
116
104
83
87
84
85
96
85
86
961
5
6
3,669
3,559
930
906
392
R 279
221
R 191
183
190
294
552
R 1,005
R 6,027
190
R 200
214
331
R 545
R 834
R 5,981
439
328
R 267
240
232
237
R 342
599
R 1,053
R 6,598
264
R 383
R 595
R 886
R 6,591
520
372
255
211
R 196
R 205
R 206
331
4,048
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
33
14
13
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
141
36
34
36
35
36
35
36
36
35
36
358
54
51
54
52
54
52
54
54
52
54
533
R 1,008
R 848
R 574
424
309
R 263
R 250
R 259
259
385
4,581
431
368
338
301
343
420
528
505
407
330
3,970
4,604
4,471
33
31
117
95
358
350
508
475
5,112
4,947
4,140
4,171
a See "Primary Energy Consumption" in Glossary.

b Data are estimates. See Table 10.2a for notes on series components.
c Natural gas only; excludes the estimated portion of supplemental gaseous
fuels. See Note 3, "Supplemental Gaseous Fuels," at end of Section 4.

d Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and,
beginning in 1996, other energy service providers.
e Total losses are calculated as the primary energy consumed by the electric
power sector minus the energy content of electricity retail sales. Total losses are
allocated to the end-use sectors in proportion to each sectors share of total
1,347
R 1,385
1,659
1,889
1,855
1,494
1,331
1,597
R 2,475
R 21,856
R 2,683
R 2,169
R 1,872
R 1,466
R 1,385
1,614
1,915
R 1,853
R 1,480
R 1,356
R 1,582
R 2,125
R 21,503
1,593
1,329
1,391
R 1,563
1,901
R 1,784
R 1,449
1,371
16,652
electricity retail sales. See Note 2, "Electrical System Energy Losses," at end of
section.
Notes: See Note 1, "Energy Consumption Data and Surveys," at end of
section. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.
Sources: Tables 2.6, 3.8a, 4.3, 6.2, 7.6, 10.2a, A4, A5, and A6.
25
Figure 2.3
Commercial Sector Energy Consumption

(Quadrillion Btu)

5
Electricitya
4
Natural Gas
3
2
1
Petroleum
Renewable Energy
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010

0.6
0.5
Electricitya
0.4
0.3
0.2
Natural Gas
Petroleum
0.1
Renewable Energy
0.0
J
F M A M J
A S O N D
F M A M J
2010
A S O N D
F M A M J
2011
A S O N D
2012
18
15
14.868
14.963
14.566
12
0.376
Electricitya
Natural Gas
0.214
9
Petroleum
0.047
6
3
Renewable
Energy
0.012
0
2010
2011
2012
0.0
0.1
0.2

Source: Table 2.3.
.
26
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Table 2.3 Commercial Sector Energy Consumption

(Trillion Btu)
Renewable Energyb
Fossil Fuels
Coal
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Hydroelectric
GeoSolar/
Powere thermal
PV
Natural
Gasc
Petroleumd
Total
4,416
4,051
4,084
3,708
3,798
3,982
4,138
4,157
3,878
3,925
4,150
3,984
4,028
4,170
4,113
3,932
3,629
3,805
3,948
R 3,933
NA
NA
NA
NA
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
(s)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
NA
NA
NA
NA
3
5
5
6
7
7
8
8
9
11
12
14
14
14
15
17
606
538
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
Total
Primary
Electricity
Retail
Salesf
Electrical
System
Energy
Lossesg
Wind
Biomass
NA
NA
NA
NA
(s)
(s)
NA
NA
NA
NA
(s)
7
8
21
24
94
113
129
131
118
121
119
92
95
101
105
105
103
103
109
112
7
8
21
24
98
118
135
138
127
129
128
101
104
113
118
120
118
118
125
129
4,423
4,059
4,105
3,732
3,896
4,101
4,273
4,295
4,005
4,053
4,278
4,084
4,132
4,283
4,232
4,051
3,747
3,922
4,073
R 4,062
1,517
1,598
1,906
2,351
2,860
3,252
3,344
3,503
3,678
3,766
3,956
4,062
4,110
4,090
4,198
4,351
4,435
4,560
4,558
4,460
3,604
3,835
4,567
5,368
6,564
7,338
7,555
7,883
8,285
8,557
8,942
8,990
9,104
8,958
9,229
9,455
9,529
9,773
9,749
9,378
9,543
9,492
10,578
11,451
13,320
14,690
15,172
15,681
15,968
16,376
17,175
17,137
17,345
17,331
17,659
17,857
17,711
18,255
18,381
R 17,900
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
19
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
9
8
9
9
10
9
9
10
9
9
9
9
111
11
10
11
11
12
11
11
11
11
11
10
11
130
617
548
419
277
226
198
182
186
189
256
364
579
R 4,040
369
344
347
340
362
407
436
441
406
370
346
369
4,539
766
694
699
689
822
896
927
920
795
738
741
813
9,501
1,752
1,585
1,465
1,307
1,410
1,501
1,546
1,547
R 1,391
1,364
1,451
1,761
R 18,080
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
20
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
10
9
10
9
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
117
11
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
11
12
12
12
138
R 636
R 531
R 449
369
340
356
343
367
403
437
441
402
371
343
358
4,531
757
670
740
714
795
863
948
906
767
747
722
759
R 9,388
R 1,762
R 1,541
Total
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
160
147
115
137
124
117
122
129
93
103
92
97
90
82
103
97
65
70
69
R 64
2,649
2,558
2,651
2,488
2,682
3,096
3,226
3,285
3,083
3,115
3,252
3,097
3,212
3,261
3,201
3,073
2,902
3,085
3,228
3,187
1,607
1,346
1,318
1,083
991
769
790
743
702
707
807
790
726
827
809
761
663
649
651
682
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
8
7
6
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
6
R 61
R 510
89
81
58
43
46
51
44
41
39
52
56
85
685
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
7
6
6
4
4
4
4
3
3
R4
4
4
R 54
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
5
4
4
3
3
3
R3
R3
R2
4
33
268
215
R 154
135
R 128
138
R 144
214
2,253
87
71
64
49
51
50
49
58
48
47
574
336
R 267
207
R 188
R 180
R 199
R 195
265
2,861
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
16
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
10
10
10
10
10
9
10
10
10
10
98
12
11
12
11
12
11
12
12
11
12
116
348
R 278
219
199
R 192
R 210
R 207
277
2,977
359
340
348
344
376
401
437
436
397
376
3,814
734
678
699
689
R 810
842
931
880
766
747
7,775

46
50
2,522
2,396
543
543
3,111
2,989
(s)
1
16
15
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
97
93
115
109
3,226
3,098
3,830
3,824
7,907
7,947
450
344
220
164
132
123
129
R 136
189
292
477
R 3,165
R 539
R 441
R 371
R 240
R 171
R 138
R 130
138
R 143
R 212
R 288
R 405
R 3,214
458
R 399
79
73
60
43
35
44
42
52
54
60
65
83
691
R 408
266
214
187
171
175
178
245
353
R 569
R 3,910
R 625
R 521
438
R 287
210
R 186
R 176
R 193
R 200
R 275
R 357
R 492
R 3,960
549
R 474

b Most data are estimates. See Table 10.2a for notes on series components
and estimation.
d Does not include biofuels that have been blended with petroleumbiofuels
are included in "Biomass."
f Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and,
g Total losses are calculated as the primary energy consumed by the electric
299
R 221
R 198
R 188
R 205
212
R 286
R 368
R 504
R 4,097
561
R 486
Total
1,545
R 1,356
R 1,384
R 1,464
R 1,573
1,553
1,381
R 1,404
R 1,434
R 1,621
R 18,016
1,654
R 1,504
1,395
1,311
1,404
R 1,443
R 1,560
R 1,526
R 1,370
1,399
14,566
14,963
14,868
section.
R=Revised. NA=Not available. =No data reported. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion
Btu.
Notes: The commercial sector includes commercial combined-heat-andpower (CHP) and commercial electricity-only plants. See Note, "Classification of
Power Plants Into Energy-Use Sectors," at end of Section 7. See Note 1,
"Energy Consumption Data and Surveys," at end of section. Totals may not
equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Geographic coverage is
the 50 States and the District of Columbia.
Sources: Tables 2.6, 3.8a, 4.3, 6.2, 7.6, 10.2a, A4, A5, and A6.
27
Figure 2.4
Industrial Sector Energy Consumption

(Quadrillion Btu)

12
Natural Gas
9
Petroleum
6
Electricitya
Coal
Renewable Energy
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010

1.0
0.8
Natural Gas
0.6
Petroleum
0.4
Electricitya
Renewable Energy
0.2
Coal
0.0
J
F M A M J
J A S O N D
F M A M J
2010
J A S O N D
F M A M J
2011
J A S O N D
2012
30
25
25.309
25.589
25.299
Natural
Gas
0.725
Petroleum
0.711
20
15
Electricitya
10
Renewable
Energy
0.282
0.184
5
Coal
0.126
0
2010
2011
2012
0.0
0.2
0.4
a
Source: Table 2.4.
28
0.6
0.8
1.0
Table 2.4 Industrial Sector Energy Consumption

(Trillion Btu)
Renewable Energyb
Fossil Fuels
Hydroelectric
GeoPowerf thermal
Coal
Natural
Gasc
Petroleumd
Totale
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
4,057
3,667
3,155
2,760
2,756
2,488
2,434
2,395
2,335
2,227
2,256
2,192
2,019
2,041
2,047
1,954
1,914
1,865
1,796
1,396
10,388
8,532
8,333
7,032
8,451
9,592
9,901
9,933
9,763
9,375
9,500
8,676
8,832
8,488
8,550
7,907
7,861
8,074
8,083
7,609
9,083
8,127
9,509
7,714
8,251
8,586
9,019
9,255
9,082
9,356
9,075
9,178
9,168
9,197
9,825
9,633
9,770
9,451
8,511
7,816
23,521
20,339
20,962
17,492
19,463
20,727
21,377
21,629
21,248
21,016
20,896
20,075
20,079
19,777
20,559
19,538
19,606
19,414
18,431
16,797
35
32
33
33
31
55
61
58
55
49
42
33
39
43
33
32
29
16
17
18
2010 January ............

February ..........
March ...............
April .................
May ..................
June .................
July ..................
August .............
September .......
October ............
November ........
December ........
Total ................
126
130
136
130
131
130
132
134
136
132
134
138
1,590
R 766
R 708
R 722
R 655
R 665
R 645
R 657
R 660
R 656
R 672
R 700
R 772
648
614
728
680
655
675
665
745
718
675
679
728
8,210
R 1,536
R 1,455
R 1,588
R 1,466
R 1,453
R 1,450
R 1,455
R 1,541
R 1,509
R 1,478
R 1,507
R 1,632
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
16
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
4
2011 January ............

February ..........
March ...............
April .................
May ..................
June .................
July ..................
August .............
September .......
October ............
November ........
December ........
Total ................
137
133
139
124
129
128
125
130
130
130
130
134
1,569
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
17
2012 January ............

February ..........
March ...............
April .................
May ..................
June .................
July ..................
August .............
September .......
October ............
10-Month Total
125
125
129
119
R 121
115
R 118
R 121
R 115
126
1,215
2011 10-Month Total

2010 10-Month Total
1,305
1,318
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
R 8,278
R 775
R 705
R 734
R 683
R 680
R 647
R 657
R 669
R 663
R 693
R 715
R 768
R 8,389
R 786
R 736
R 727
R 698
R 696
R 684
R 695
R 706
R 691
727
602
741
645
647
659
657
730
668
701
713
632
8,121
R 18,072
R 1,639
R 1,440
R 1,615
R 1,452
R 1,458
R 1,436
R 1,438
R 1,533
R 1,462
R 1,523
R 1,556
R 1,537
R 18,090
R 1,596
R 1,515
R 1,485
R 1,435
R 1,478
R 1,429
R 1,453
R 1,504
R 1,427
725
7,144
683
654
626
613
661
630
640
676
623
711
6,517
1,559
14,882
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
14
6,906
6,806
6,775
6,804
14,997
14,932
14
14
Elec- Electrical
tricity
System
Retail
Energy
Salesg Lossesh
Solar/
PV
Wind
Biomass
Total
Total
Primary
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1,165
1,063
1,600
1,918
1,684
1,934
1,969
1,996
1,872
1,882
1,881
1,681
1,676
1,679
1,817
1,837
1,897
1,936
2,028
1,994
1,200
1,096
1,633
1,951
1,717
1,992
2,033
2,057
1,929
1,934
1,928
1,719
1,720
1,725
1,853
1,873
1,930
1,956
2,049
2,016
24,720
21,434
22,595
19,443
21,180
22,719
23,410
23,686
23,177
22,950
22,824
21,794
21,799
21,502
22,412
21,411
21,536
21,370
20,480
18,813
2,341
2,346
2,781
2,855
3,226
3,455
3,527
3,542
3,587
3,611
3,631
3,400
3,379
3,454
3,473
3,477
3,451
3,507
3,444
3,130
5,562
5,632
6,664
6,518
7,404
7,796
7,968
7,972
8,079
8,203
8,208
7,526
7,484
7,565
7,634
7,557
7,415
7,517
7,365
6,582
32,623
29,413
32,039
28,816
31,810
33,971
34,904
35,200
34,843
34,764
34,664
32,720
32,662
32,522
33,519
32,446
32,401
32,394
31,290
28,525
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
185
170
188
181
183
182
188
190
185
190
190
198
2,230
187
172
190
183
185
183
190
191
187
192
191
199
2,250
R 1,723
R 1,627
R 1,778
R 1,649
R 1,638
R 1,634
R 1,644
R 1,732
R 1,696
R 1,669
R 1,698
R 1,831
258
253
267
268
280
284
292
300
284
280
272
274
3,313
535
511
538
543
635
625
621
626
557
559
581
604
6,934
R 2,516
R 2,391
R 2,584
R 2,460
R 2,553
R 2,543
R 2,558
R 2,659
R 2,537
R 2,508
R 2,550
R 2,709
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
4
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
200
178
193
183
185
189
192
193
188
191
195
204
2,291
202
180
196
185
187
191
194
195
189
193
197
206
2,313
273
260
280
274
280
286
298
304
290
288
276
273
3,382
560
512
583
571
607
613
646
623
552
579
581
579
7,007
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
4
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
199
184
185
179
190
185
186
186
179
183
1,856
201
186
187
181
192
186
188
187
181
184
1,873
R 1,797
R 1,700
R 1,673
R 1,616
R 1,671
R 1,615
R 1,641
R 1,691
R 1,608
550
530
555
551
620
596
630
604
536
560
5,732
R 2,616
R 2,496
R 2,504
R 2,442
R 2,578
R 2,495
R 2,567
R 2,594
R 2,423
1,743
16,755
269
266
276
275
288
284
296
299
278
282
2,812
3
3
(s)
(s)
(s)
1,893
1,843
1,911
1,860
16,908
16,792
2,834
2,767
5,847
5,750
25,589
25,309
NA
NA
NA
NA
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
5
5
3
4
4
4
5
5
4

b Most data are estimates. See Table 10.2b for notes on series components
and estimation.
e Includes coal coke net imports, which are not separately displayed. See
Tables 1.4a and 1.4b.
f Conventional hydroelectric power.
g Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and,
h Total losses are calculated as the primary energy consumed by the electric
R 20,322
R 1,840
R 1,619
R 1,811
R 1,637
R 1,645
R 1,627
R 1,632
R 1,728
R 1,651
R 1,716
R 1,753
R 1,742
R 20,404
Totale
R 30,569
R 2,674
R 2,392
R 2,675
R 2,483
R 2,532
R 2,526
R 2,575
R 2,655
R 2,493
R 2,583
R 2,610
R 2,594
R 30,793
2,585
25,299

section.
R=Revised. NA=Not available. =No data reported. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion
Btu.
Notes: The industrial sector includes industrial combined-heat-and-power
(CHP) and industrial electricity-only plants. See Note, "Classification of Power
Plants Into Energy-Use Sectors," at end of Section 7. See Note 1, "Energy
Consumption Data and Surveys," at end of section. Totals may not equal sum
of components due to independent rounding. Geographic coverage is the 50
Web Page: See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#consumption
for all available data beginning in 1973.
Sources: Tables 1.4a, 1.4b, 2.6, 3.8b, 4.3, 6.2, 7.6, 10.2b, A4, A5, and A6.
29
Figure 2.5
Transportation Sector Energy Consumption

(Quadrillion Btu)

30
25
Petroleum
20
15
10
Renewable
Energy
5
Natural Gas
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010

3.0
2.5
Petroleum
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
Renewable
Energy
Natural Gas
0.0
J
F M A M J J A S O N D
2010
F M A M J J
2011
A S O N D
F M A M J J
2012
A S O N D
Total, Monthly
25
3.0
22.927
22.682
22.416
2.5
20
2.0
15
1.5
10
1.0
5
0.5
2010
2012
0.0
2010
2011
2012

Source: Table 2.5.
.
30
2011
Table 2.5 Transportation Sector Energy Consumption

(Trillion Btu)
Renewable
Energyb
Fossil Fuels
Petroleumd
Total
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
743
595
650
519
680
724
737
780
666
675
672
658
699
627
602
624
625
663
692
715
17,832
17,615
19,009
19,472
21,626
22,955
23,565
23,813
24,422
25,098
25,682
25,412
25,913
26,063
26,925
27,309
27,651
27,763
26,407
25,339
18,577
18,210
19,659
19,992
22,306
23,679
24,302
24,593
25,088
25,774
26,354
26,070
26,612
26,690
27,527
27,933
28,276
28,427
27,099
26,054
NA
NA
NA
50
60
112
81
102
113
118
135
142
170
230
290
339
475
602
826
935
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
84
74
64
50
48
49
54
56
R 49
49
59
81
R 719
2,025
1,851
2,141
2,142
2,209
2,179
2,256
2,250
2,153
2,184
2,072
2,132
25,595
R 2,110
81
79
85
87
92
93
94
94
90
94
91
94
1,074
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
R 87
R 74
2,034
1,876
2,136
2,091
2,165
2,167
2,188
2,203
2,088
2,118
2,026
2,086
25,179
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
R 82
1,960
1,917
2,074
2,056
2,149
2,127
2,160
2,200
2,014
2,094
20,751
R 2,042
74
R 64
R 59
56
56
62
60
54
57
625

(g)
(g)
596
579
21,067
21,391
Coal
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
3
1
Natural Gasc
67
55
50
50
R 56
R 56
R 49
R 52
60
R 76
R 732
1,926
2,205
2,193
2,257
2,228
2,310
2,306
2,202
2,233
2,131
2,213
R 26,314
R 2,121
R 1,950
Biomass
Total
Primary
Electricity
Retail
Salese
Electrical
System
Energy
Lossesf
18,577
18,210
19,659
20,041
22,366
23,791
24,383
24,695
25,201
25,891
26,489
26,213
26,781
26,920
27,817
28,272
28,751
29,029
27,925
26,989
11
10
11
14
16
17
17
17
17
17
18
20
19
23
25
26
25
28
26
27
25
24
27
32
37
38
38
38
38
40
42
43
42
51
54
56
54
60
56
56
18,613
18,245
19,697
20,088
22,420
23,846
24,437
24,750
25,256
25,949
26,548
26,275
26,842
26,994
27,895
28,353
28,830
29,117
28,008
27,071
2,190
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
26
5
5
5
4
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
5
55
2,198
2,012
2,297
2,286
2,356
2,328
R 2,412
2,406
2,298
R 2,334
2,228
2,314
R 27,469
5
4
5
4
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
5
54
R 2,214
R 2,040
R 2,005
2,290
2,280
2,349
R 2,321
R 2,405
R 2,400
R 2,292
2,327
R 2,222
2,307
R 27,388
R 2,207
R 2,034
86
84
93
90
98
102
96
107
96
100
99
105
1,157
2,341
2,366
2,234
R 2,270
R 2,185
R 2,267
R 27,067
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
26
2,222
2,260
2,068
2,151
21,375
86
89
98
98
107
101
98
106
92
101
975
2,127
2,080
2,235
R 2,213
2,312
2,284
2,320
2,366
2,160
2,251
22,350
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
21
5
4
4
4
4
4
5
4
4
4
44
21,663
21,970
952
889
22,615
22,859
22
22
45
46
2,203
2,146
R 2,215
2,217
2,245
R 2,259
R 2,137
R 2,170
2,086
R 2,162
R 25,910
1,991
R 2,138
R 2,115
R 2,206
R 2,184

b Data are estimates. See Table 10.2b for notes on series components.
c Natural gas only; does not include supplemental gaseous fuels. See Note 3,
"Supplemental Gaseous Fuels," at end of Section 4.

e Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and,
f Total losses are calculated as the primary energy consumed by the electric
Total
2,296
2,236
R 2,313
R 2,319
2,303
2,243
R 2,320
R 2,326
2,348
2,373
2,240
R 2,276
2,192
R 2,274
R 27,148
2,134
2,087
R 2,242
2,219
R 2,319
R 2,291
2,327
2,373
2,167
2,258
22,416
22,682
22,927
section.
g Beginning in 1978, the small amounts of coal consumed for transportation are
reported as industrial sector consumption.
Notes: See Note 1, "Energy Consumption Data and Surveys," at end of
Sources: Tables 2.6, 3.8c, 4.3, 6.2, 7.6, 10.2b, A4, A5, and A6.
31
Figure 2.6
Electric Power Sector Energy Consumption

(Quadrillion Btu)
Total, 1973-2011
Total, Monthly
50
40
30
20
10
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
0
J F MA M J J A S O ND J F MA M J J A S OND J F MA M J J A S OND
2010
2011
2012

2.4
24
20
Coal
Coal
1.8
16
Renewable
Energy
12
8
Natural Gas
1.2
Nuclear
Electric
Power
Nuclear Electric
Power
Natural
Gas
0.6
4
Petroleum
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Renewable Energy
Petroleum
0.0
J F MA M J J A S O ND J F MA M J J A S O ND J F MA M J J A S O ND
2010
35
33.194
2011
2012

33.169
32.269
Coal
1.287
30
Natural
Gas
25
20
15
Nuclear
Electric
Power
10
Renewable
Energy
0.684
0.625
0.330
Petroleum 0.017
0
2010
2011
2012
0.0
0.5

Source: Table 2.6.
.
32
1.0
1.5
2.0
Table 2.6
Electric Power Sector Energy Consumption

(Trillion Btu)
Renewable Energyb
Fossil Fuels
Coal
Natural
Gasc
Petroleum
Total
1973 Total ......................

1975 Total ......................
1980 Total ......................
1985 Total ......................
1990 Totale ....................
1995 Total ......................
1996 Total ......................
1997 Total ......................
1998 Total ......................
1999 Total ......................
2000 Total ......................
2001 Total ......................
2002 Total ......................
2003 Total ......................
2004 Total ......................
2005 Total ......................
2006 Total ......................
2007 Total ......................
2008 Total ......................
2009 Total ......................
8,658
8,786
12,123
14,542
16,261
17,466
18,429
18,905
19,216
19,279
20,220
19,614
19,783
20,185
20,305
20,737
20,462
20,808
20,513
18,225
3,748
3,240
3,778
3,135
3,309
4,302
3,862
4,126
4,675
4,902
5,293
5,458
5,767
5,246
5,595
6,015
6,375
7,005
6,829
7,022
3,515
3,166
2,634
1,090
1,289
755
817
927
1,306
1,211
1,144
1,277
961
1,205
1,212
1,235
648
657
468
390
15,921
15,191
18,534
18,767
20,859
22,523
23,109
23,957
25,197
25,393
26,658
26,348
26,511
26,636
27,112
27,986
27,485
28,470
27,810
25,638
910
1,900
2,739
4,076
6,104
7,075
7,087
6,597
7,068
7,610
7,862
8,029
8,145
7,959
8,222
8,161
8,215
8,455
8,427
8,356
2,827
3,122
2,867
2,937
3,014
3,149
3,528
3,581
3,241
3,218
2,768
2,209
2,650
2,749
2,655
2,670
2,839
2,430
2,494
2,650
20
34
53
97
161
138
148
150
151
152
144
142
147
146
148
147
145
145
146
146
NA
NA
NA
(s)
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
6
6
5
6
6
5
6
9
9
NA
NA
NA
(s)
29
33
33
34
31
46
57
70
105
113
142
178
264
341
546
721
3
2
4
14
317
422
438
446
444
453
453
337
380
397
388
406
412
423
435
441
2,851
3,158
2,925
3,049
3,524
3,747
4,153
4,216
3,872
3,874
3,427
2,763
3,288
3,411
3,339
3,406
3,665
3,345
3,630
3,967
49
21
71
140
8
134
137
116
88
99
115
75
72
22
39
85
63
107
112
116
19,731
20,270
24,269
26,032
30,495
33,479
34,485
34,886
36,225
36,976
38,062
37,215
38,016
38,028
38,712
39,638
39,428
40,377
39,978
38,077
2010 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
November ..............
December ..............
Total ......................
1,775
1,568
1,494
1,312
1,483
1,708
1,855
1,849
1,554
1,383
1,423
1,731
19,133
557
489
466
480
570
719
914
961
709
581
506
575
R 7,528
45
23
25
23
31
41
46
37
28
22
21
36
378
2,377
2,080
1,984
1,815
2,084
2,468
2,815
2,847
2,291
1,986
1,950
2,341
27,039
758
682
676
602
697
714
752
748
725
656
655
770
8,434
217
199
202
184
243
290
238
195
168
171
190
225
2,521
13
11
13
12
13
12
12
13
12
12
12
13
148
(s)
(s)
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
(s)
12
67
53
84
95
85
79
66
65
69
77
95
88
923
39
36
39
36
36
39
40
41
38
37
39
41
459
335
300
338
329
378
421
358
315
288
298
337
367
4,064
14
12
10
9
5
9
10
6
2
1
3
9
89
3,484
3,073
3,008
2,755
3,163
3,611
3,934
3,917
3,306
2,942
2,944
3,488
R 39,627
2011 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
November ..............
December ..............
Total ......................
1,741
1,421
1,401
1,294
1,418
1,623
1,819
1,780
1,481
1,343
1,294
1,419
18,035
550
493
491
531
R 582
712
955
938
696
585
552
625
7,712
35
24
28
24
24
26
32
27
24
20
18
22
303
2,326
1,938
1,920
R 1,849
R 2,024
2,361
2,806
2,745
2,201
1,949
1,864
2,066
26,050
761
678
687
571
597
683
757
746
700
663
675
752
8,269
247
233
301
301
315
311
303
249
207
191
199
229
3,085
13
12
13
12
13
12
12
12
12
12
12
13
149
(s)
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
17
83
102
102
121
114
107
73
73
67
102
121
103
1,167
37
35
36
32
34
37
39
39
37
36
36
39
437
381
382
453
467
477
469
429
376
323
343
369
386
4,855
9
8
8
7
12
11
16
16
10
10
8
12
127
3,069
2,895
3,111
R 3,523
4,008
3,883
3,234
2,964
2,916
R 3,215
R 39,301
2012 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
1,368
1,214
1,108
1,001
1,216
1,385
1,672
1,598
1,341
1,287
13,190
660
660
689
733
832
901
1,113
1,025
821
684
8,119
23
18
15
15
17
20
23
19
17
17
185
2,051
1,892
1,812
1,748
2,065
2,306
2,808
2,643
2,179
1,988
21,493
757
668
646
585
650
682
723
728
675
625
6,739
225
196
249
252
276
257
259
224
170
156
2,264
14
13
14
13
14
13
14
13
13
14
135
1
1
2
3
5
5
5
4
4
4
35
134
108
135
124
122
116
85
80
84
122
1,111
37
34
35
31
35
36
38
38
36
35
354
410
353
435
424
451
428
401
360
307
330
3,900
11
9
10
13
15
14
19
19
14
12
137
3,230
2,922
2,903
2,770
3,181
3,429
3,951
3,750
3,175
2,956
32,269

15,322
15,980
6,533
6,445
264
322
22,119
22,747
6,842
7,009
2,657
2,107
124
123
15
11
943
740
362
380
4,100
3,361
108
77
33,169
33,194

b See Table 10.2c for notes on series components.

d Conventional hydroelectric power.
e Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only. Beginning in 1989, data are
Notes: Data are for fuels consumed to produce electricity and useful thermal
Hydroelectric
Powerd
Geothermal
Solar/
PV
Electricity
Net
Imports
Nuclear
Electric
Power
Wind
Biomass
Total
Total
Primary
3,477
R 3,006
output.
The electric power sector comprises electricity-only and

combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS 22 category whose
primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public. See
Note 1, "Energy Consumption Data and Surveys," at end of section. Totals may
not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Geographic
coverage is the 50 States and the District of Columbia.
Sources: Tables 3.8c, 4.3, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2b, 10.2c, A4, A5, and A6.
33

Note 1. Energy Consumption Data and Surveys. Most
of the data in this section of the Monthly Energy Review
(MER) are developed from a group of energy-related
surveys, typically called "supply surveys," conducted by the
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). Supply
surveys are directed to suppliers and marketers of specific
energy sources. They measure the quantities of specific
energy sources produced, or the quantities supplied to the
market, or both. The data obtained from EIA's supply
surveys are integrated to yield the summary consumption
statistics published in this section (and in Section 1) of the
MER.
Users of EIA's energy consumption statistics should be
aware of a second group of energy-related surveys, typically
called "consumption surveys." Consumption surveys gather
information on the types of energy consumed by end users
of energy, along with the characteristics of those end users
that can be associated with energy use. For example, the
Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey belongs to the
consumption survey group because it collects information
directly from end users (the manufacturing establishments).
There are important differences between the supply and
consumption surveys that need to be taken into account in
any analysis that uses both data sources. For information on
34
those differences, see Energy Consumption by End-Use

Sector, A Comparison of Measures by Consumption and
Supply Surveys, DOE/EIA-0533, U.S. Energy Information
Administration, Washington, DC, April 6, 1990.
Note 2. Electrical System Energy Losses. Electrical
system energy losses are calculated as the difference
between total primary consumption by the electric power
sector (see Table 2.6) and the total energy content of electricity retail sales (see Tables 7.6 and A6). Most of these
losses occur at steam-electric power plants (conventional
and nuclear) in the conversion of heat energy into mechanical energy to turn electric generators. The loss is a thermodynamically necessary feature of the steam-electric cycle.
Part of the energy input-to-output losses is a result of imputing fossil energy equivalent inputs for hydroelectric and
other energy sources, since there is no generally accepted
practice for measuring those thermal conversion rates. In
addition to conversion losses, other losses include power
plant use of electricity, transmission and distribution of electricity from power plants to end-use consumers (also called
"line losses"), and unaccounted for electricity. Total losses
are allocated to the end-use sectors in proportion to each
sector's share of total electricity sales. Overall, about two
thirds of total energy input is lost in conversion. Currently,
of electricity generated, approximately 5 percent is lost in
plant use and 7 percent is lost in transmission and
distribution.
3. Petroleum
Figure 3.1
Petroleum Overview
(Million Barrels per Day)
Overview, January-December
25
2010
2011
2012
20
19.2
18.9
18.7
15
10
7.6
7.9
9.4
8.8
8.5
7.6
0
Total Field Production
Net Imports
Overview, 1973-2012
Products Supplied
Total Field Production, 1973-2012
25
12
Total
10
20
Crude Oilb
Products Supplied
8
15
6
Total Field Productiona
10
4
5
0
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Crude Oilb Field Production, 1973-2012
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Total Field Production,a Monthly
12
12
10
10
48 Statesc
Alaska
2010
2011
2012
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
a
Crude oil, including lease condensate, and natural gas plant liquids field
production.
b
Includes lease condensate.
36
Natural Gas Plant Liquids
Net Imports
United States excluding Alaska and Hawaii.

Web Page: http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#petroleum.
Source: Table 3.1.
Table 3.1
Petroleum Overview
(Thousand Barrels per Day)
Field Productiona
Trade
Crude Oilb,c
Renewable
Fuels
and Oxygenatesg
Processing
Gainh
Alaska
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
9,010
8,183
6,980
7,146
5,582
5,076
5,071
5,156
5,077
4,832
4,851
4,839
4,759
4,670
4,527
4,322
4,348
4,355
4,318
4,708
198
191
1,617
1,825
1,773
1,484
1,393
1,296
1,175
1,050
970
963
985
974
908
864
741
722
683
645
9,208
8,375
8,597
8,971
7,355
6,560
6,465
6,452
6,252
5,881
5,822
5,801
5,744
5,644
5,435
5,186
5,089
5,077
5,000
5,353
1,738
1,633
1,573
1,609
1,559
1,762
1,830
1,817
1,759
1,850
1,911
1,868
1,880
1,719
1,809
1,717
1,739
1,783
1,784
1,910
10,946
10,007
10,170
10,581
8,914
8,322
8,295
8,269
8,011
7,731
7,733
7,670
7,624
7,363
7,244
6,903
6,827
6,860
6,784
7,263
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
746
453
460
597
557
683
774
837
850
886
886
948
903
957
974
1,051
989
994
996
993
979
6,256
6,056
6,909
5,067
8,018
8,835
9,478
10,162
10,708
10,852
11,459
11,871
11,530
12,264
13,145
13,714
13,707
13,468
12,915
11,691
231
209
544
781
857
949
981
1,003
945
940
1,040
971
984
1,027
1,048
1,165
1,317
1,433
1,802
2,024
6,025
5,846
6,365
4,286
7,161
7,886
8,498
9,158
9,764
9,912
10,419
10,900
10,546
11,238
12,097
12,549
12,390
12,036
11,114
9,667
135
32
140
-103
107
-246
-151
143
239
-422
-69
325
-105
56
209
145
60
-148
195
109
18
41
64
200
338
496
528
487
495
567
532
501
529
514
548
506
536
641
802
226
17,308
16,322
17,056
15,726
16,988
17,725
18,309
18,620
18,917
19,519
19,701
19,649
19,761
20,034
20,731
20,802
20,687
20,680
19,498
18,771
2010 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Average ..................
4,758
4,911
4,867
4,738
4,827
4,849
4,769
4,906
4,994
4,978
4,952
4,982
4,877
640
635
646
640
571
534
545
538
614
618
606
632
601
5,399
5,546
5,513
5,377
5,398
5,384
5,313
5,445
5,608
5,596
5,558
5,614
5,479
2,017
2,043
2,076
2,061
2,091
2,046
1,994
2,071
2,104
2,125
2,136
2,124
2,074
7,416
7,589
7,589
7,438
7,489
7,430
7,307
7,515
7,712
7,721
7,694
7,739
7,553
846
874
895
878
893
905
906
911
915
924
967
961
907
961
1,060
1,064
1,028
1,069
1,085
1,109
1,123
1,062
1,012
1,051
1,187
1,068
11,300
11,230
11,621
12,526
12,141
12,444
12,675
12,356
11,823
11,142
11,096
11,132
11,793
1,897
2,034
2,149
2,432
2,399
2,304
2,516
2,410
2,345
2,480
2,598
2,644
2,353
9,404
9,197
9,472
10,093
9,742
10,140
10,159
9,946
9,478
8,662
8,498
8,488
9,441
309
-46
77
762
661
373
440
214
-23
-451
-667
-1,068
49
334
85
156
368
334
350
279
380
249
203
100
279
261
18,652
18,850
19,099
19,044
18,866
19,537
19,319
19,662
19,438
18,974
18,977
19,722
19,180
2011 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Average ..................
R 5,041
R 4,807
R 4,978
R 4,932
R 5,016
R 5,013
R 4,969
R 5,116
R 5,010
R 5,319
R 5,426
R 5,434
R 5,091
464
611
611
606
582
553
453
526
585
566
593
592
561
R 5,505
R 5,419
R 5,589
R 5,538
R 5,598
R 7,620
R 7,427
R 7,784
R 7,725
R 7,832
R 5,422
R 5,642
R 5,595
R 5,885
R 6,019
R 6,026
R 5,652
2,114
2,009
2,195
2,186
2,234
2,188
2,206
2,227
2,171
2,313
2,373
2,358
2,216
R 7,628
R 7,870
R 7,765
R 8,198
R 8,392
R 8,384
R 7,868
982
972
1,002
996
992
1,015
1,004
1,027
1,011
1,023
1,076
1,085
1,016
1,019
954
1,019
1,013
1,085
1,106
1,122
1,133
1,123
1,084
1,113
1,134
1,076
12,248
10,738
11,850
11,808
11,866
11,877
11,757
11,227
11,270
11,053
11,217
11,064
11,504
2,750
2,634
2,733
3,071
2,735
2,716
3,053
3,002
3,174
3,107
3,159
3,667
2,986
9,497
8,104
9,117
8,736
9,131
9,161
8,704
8,224
8,095
7,946
8,059
7,397
8,518
484
-1,033
-139
105
884
59
231
-644
-492
-371
23
-646
-121
R 359
R 383
R 268
R 286
R 323
R 276
R 550
R 516
R 405
R 223
R 463
R 156
R 350
18,993
18,873
19,329
18,650
18,479
19,253
18,778
19,415
18,892
18,844
19,080
18,803
18,949
2012 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Average ..................
RE 5,551
RE 5,637
RE 5,713
RE 5,726
RE 5,758
RE 5,741
RE 5,941
RE 5,879
RE 5,982
RE 6,274
E 6,211
E 6,380
E 5,901
E 593
E 582
E 567
E 553
E 546
E 493
E 415
E 404
E 502
RE 547
E 553
E 554
E 526
RE 6,144
RE 6,219
RE 6,280
RE 6,279
RE 6,304
RE 6,234
RE 6,357
RE 6,283
RE 6,484
RE 6,820
E 6,764
E 6,934
E 6,426
2,376
2,388
2,375
2,382
2,376
2,335
2,323
2,367
2,458
R 2,485
E 2,100
E 2,308
E 2,356
RE 8,519
RE 8,607
RE 8,655
RE 8,661
RE 8,680
RE 8,570
RE 8,679
RE 8,650
RE 8,942
RE 9,305
E 8,864
E 9,242
E 8,782
1,021
1,012
994
1,001
1,018
1,004
929
957
924
R 913
E 899
E 921
E 966
1,053
1,068
1,023
1,047
1,089
1,099
1,060
1,102
1,047
R 998
E 1,091
E 1,112
E 1,066
10,944
10,464
10,610
10,634
11,132
11,393
10,748
10,898
10,533
R 10,088
E 10,114
E 10,235
E 10,650
2,839
2,980
3,064
3,263
3,194
3,209
3,211
3,017
3,150
R 3,255
E 2,818
E 2,920
E 3,077
8,104
7,484
7,547
7,370
7,939
8,184
7,537
7,881
7,383
R 6,833
E 7,296
E 7,315
E 7,573
655
-228
409
-18
524
493
33
-272
582
R -278
E -183
E 76
E 151
R 237
R 361
R 402
R 232
R 506
R 552
R 428
R 364
R 459
R 394
E 661
E 451
E 420
18,280
18,760
18,213
18,330
18,707
18,915
18,601
19,226
18,173
R 18,722
E 18,994
E 18,965
E 18,657
1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
Total
5,567
NGPLe,f
Totalc
7,755
a Crude oil production on leases, and natural gas liquids (liquefied petroleum
gases, pentanes plus, and a small amount of finished petroleum products)
production at natural gas processing plants. Excludes what was previously
classified as "Field Production" of finished motor gasoline, motor gasoline blending
components, and other hydrocarbons and oxygenates; these are now included in
"Adjustments."
b Includes lease condensate.
c Data for crude oil production, total field production, and adjustments are
revised monthly going back as far as the data year of the U.S. Energy Information
Administrations (EIA) last published Petroleum Supply Annual (PSA)these
revisions are released at the same time as EIAs Petroleum Supply Monthly. Once
a year, data for these series are revised going back as far as 10 yearsthese
revisions are released at the same time as the PSA.
d United States excluding Alaska and Hawaii.
e Natural gas plant liquids.
f See Note 6, Petroleum Data Discrepancies, at end of section.
g Renewable fuels and oxygenate plant net production.
h Refinery and blender net production minus refinery and blender net inputs.
See Table 3.2.
Importsi
Exportsf
Net
Importsj
Petroleum
Stock
Adjust- Products
Changek mentsc,l Supplied
48
Statesd
i Includes Strategic Petroleum Reserve imports. See Table 3.3b.

j Net imports equal imports minus exports.
k A negative value indicates a decrease in stocks and a positive value indicates
an increase. The current month stock change estimate is based on the change
from the previous months estimate, rather than the stocks values shown in Table
3.4. Includes crude oil stocks in the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, but excludes
distillate fuel oil stocks in the Northeast Heating Oil Reserve. See Table 3.4. Also
see Note 4, Petroleum New Stock Basis, at end of section.
l An adjustment for crude oil, hydrogen, oxygenates, renewable fuels, other
hydrocarbons, motor gasoline blending components, finished motor gasoline, and
distillate fuel oil. See EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly, Appendix B, "PSM
Explanatory Notes," for further information.
R=Revised. E=Estimate. NA=Not available.
Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent
Web Pages:
For all available data beginning in 1973, see

http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#petroleum. For related information,
see http://www.eia.gov/petroleum/.
37
Figure 3.2
Refinery and Blender Net Inputs and Net Production

Net Inputs and Net Production, 1973-2012
Net Inputs and Net Production, Monthly

25
20
Total Net Production
Total Net Production
20
15
Crude Oil Net Inputs
10
15
Total
Net
Inputs
Crude Oil Net Inputsa

Total
Net
Inputs
10
5
Other Net Inputs
Other Net Inputsb
J F MA M J J A SOND J F MA M J J A SOND J F MA M J J A SOND
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
2010
Net Production, Selected Products, 1973-2012
2012
Net Production, Selected Products, Monthly

10
10
8
2011
Motor Gasolinec
Motor Gasolinec
Distillate Fuel Oild
Jet Fuele
Residual Fuel Oil
Residual Fuel Oil
Jet Fuele
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
2010
2011
2012
Net Production, Selected Products

10
9.3
9.1
9.0
December 2010
December 2011
December 2012
6
4.7
4.9
4.9
1.4
1.5
1.4
0.6
0
Motor Gasoline c
a
Distillate Fuel Oil

Natural gas plant liquids and other liquids.
c
Beginning in 1993, includes fuel ethanol blended into motor gasoline.
d
Beginning in 2009, includes renewable diesel fuel (including biodiesel) blended into distillate fuel oil.
b
38
Jet Fuel
0.6
Propane
0.6
f
0.6
0.5
0.4
Residual Fuelf OiI
Beginning in 2005, includes kerosene-type jet fuel only.

Includes propylene.
Source: Table 3.2.
f
Table 3.2 Refinery and Blender Net Inputs and Net Production
Refinery and Blender Net Inputsa
Refinery and Blender Net Productionb

LPGc
Crude
Oild
NGPLe
Other
Liquidsf
Total
Distillate
Fuel Oilg
Jet
Fuelh
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
12,431
12,442
13,481
12,002
13,409
13,973
14,195
14,662
14,889
14,804
15,067
15,128
14,947
15,304
15,475
15,220
15,242
15,156
14,648
14,336
815
710
462
509
467
471
450
416
403
372
380
429
429
419
422
441
501
505
485
485
155
72
81
681
713
775
843
832
853
927
849
825
941
791
866
1,149
1,238
1,337
2,019
2,082
13,401
13,225
14,025
13,192
14,589
15,220
15,487
15,909
16,144
16,103
16,295
16,382
16,316
16,513
16,762
16,811
16,981
16,999
17,153
16,904
2,820
2,653
2,661
2,686
2,925
3,155
3,316
3,392
3,424
3,399
3,580
3,695
3,592
3,707
3,814
3,954
4,040
4,133
4,294
4,048
859
871
999
1,189
1,488
1,416
1,515
1,554
1,526
1,565
1,606
1,530
1,514
1,488
1,547
1,546
1,481
1,448
1,493
1,396
271
234
269
295
404
503
520
565
550
569
583
556
572
570
584
540
543
562
519
537
375
311
330
391
499
654
662
691
674
684
705
667
671
658
645
573
627
655
630
623
6,527
6,518
6,492
6,419
6,959
7,459
7,565
7,743
7,892
7,934
7,951
8,022
8,183
8,194
8,265
8,318
8,364
8,358
8,548
8,786
971
1,235
1,580
882
950
788
726
708
762
698
696
721
601
660
655
628
635
673
620
598
2,301
2,097
2,559
2,183
2,452
2,522
2,541
2,671
2,753
2,709
2,705
2,651
2,712
2,780
2,887
2,782
2,827
2,728
2,561
2,431
13,854
13,685
14,622
13,750
15,272
15,994
16,324
16,759
17,030
16,989
17,243
17,285
17,273
17,487
17,814
17,800
17,975
17,994
18,146
17,882
2010 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
13,666
13,950
14,314
15,131
15,215
15,382
15,519
15,110
14,740
14,000
14,637
14,976
14,724
503
402
413
374
399
397
384
390
443
504
531
563
442
1,501
1,654
2,166
2,135
2,348
2,349
2,595
2,607
2,294
2,517
2,223
2,185
2,219
15,670
16,005
16,893
17,640
17,963
18,127
18,498
18,107
17,477
17,021
17,391
17,724
17,385
3,551
3,658
3,835
4,156
4,375
4,408
4,425
4,404
4,341
4,315
4,503
4,670
4,223
1,338
1,340
1,379
1,470
1,449
1,495
1,542
1,463
1,404
1,317
1,394
1,417
1,418
531
562
575
585
571
572
574
552
551
526
543
572
560
480
540
726
850
857
870
860
778
614
501
390
430
659
8,348
8,510
8,913
9,062
9,113
9,211
9,500
9,426
9,143
9,049
9,134
9,252
9,059
633
632
581
598
615
559
576
554
588
528
564
595
585
2,281
2,385
2,523
2,531
2,622
2,670
2,704
2,605
2,449
2,323
2,457
2,547
2,509
16,631
17,065
17,957
18,668
19,031
19,212
19,607
19,230
18,539
18,033
18,442
18,911
18,452
2011 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
14,423
13,676
14,451
14,231
14,718
15,294
15,589
15,556
15,275
14,570
14,960
14,842
14,806
549
515
460
448
432
444
417
437
494
524
599
566
490
1,835
2,388
2,350
2,606
2,535
2,522
2,288
2,396
2,100
2,205
2,118
2,270
2,300
16,807
16,579
17,261
17,285
17,685
18,260
18,294
18,388
17,870
17,298
17,677
17,678
17,596
4,303
4,033
4,326
4,189
4,283
4,471
4,656
4,668
4,576
4,539
4,902
4,919
4,492
1,362
1,298
1,431
1,422
1,479
1,568
1,550
1,543
1,553
1,378
1,341
1,449
1,449
561
512
528
542
563
567
557
553
569
540
564
566
552
431
472
636
781
815
847
820
791
603
480
377
368
619
8,714
8,866
8,908
8,978
9,157
9,289
9,166
9,264
9,140
8,932
9,141
9,128
9,058
552
529
526
534
538
553
563
604
516
530
516
486
537
2,464
2,335
2,454
2,394
2,496
2,638
2,661
2,652
2,605
2,525
2,513
2,462
2,518
17,826
17,533
18,280
18,298
18,770
19,366
19,416
19,522
18,993
18,382
18,790
18,812
18,673
2012 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
14,415
14,659
14,545
14,614
15,177
15,632
15,656
15,259
14,863
R 14,854
E 15,025
E 15,389
E 15,009
513
531
445
443
429
442
435
435
522
R 620
RF 601
F 610
E 502
1,633
1,618
2,022
2,215
2,228
2,222
1,944
2,239
1,794
R 1,846
RE 1,669
E 1,639
E 1,923
16,561
16,809
17,012
17,272
17,833
18,297
18,036
17,932
17,179
R 17,320
F 17,295
F 17,638
E 17,435
4,498
4,416
4,262
4,330
4,537
4,632
4,659
4,599
4,584
R 4,509
E 4,661
E 4,865
E 4,547
1,437
1,401
1,412
1,433
1,468
1,609
1,611
1,559
1,450
R 1,418
E 1,384
E 1,497
E 1,474
518
532
545
558
569
585
565
543
522
R 543
RE 613
E 613
E 559
414
492
685
833
856
841
841
777
553
R 476
F 369
F 377
E 626
8,427
8,645
8,753
8,763
8,952
9,193
8,921
9,079
8,770
R 9,026
E 8,943
E 8,966
E 8,870
495
547
577
525
509
538
420
443
420
R 467
E 463
E 362
E 480
2,343
2,375
2,347
2,436
2,601
2,582
2,644
2,577
2,450
R 2,421
E 2,566
E 2,684
E 2,503
17,613
17,876
18,035
18,319
18,922
19,396
19,096
19,034
18,226
R 18,318
E 18,386
E 18,750
E 18,500
1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
a
b
c
d
e
f
See "Refinery and Blender Net Inputs," in Glossary.

See "Refinery and Blender Net Production," in Glossary.
Liquefied petroleum gases.
Natural gas plant liquids (liquefied petroleum gases and pentanes plus).
Unfinished oils (net), other hydrocarbons, and hydrogen. Beginning in 1981,
also includes aviation and motor gasoline blending components (net). Beginning in
1993, also includes oxygenates (net), including fuel ethanol. Beginning in 2009,
also includes renewable diesel fuel (including biodiesel).
g Beginning in 2009, includes renewable diesel fuel (including biodiesel)
blended into distillate fuel oil.
h Through 2004, includes kerosene-type and naphtha-type jet fuel. Beginning in
2005, includes kerosene-type jet fuel only; naphtha-type jet fuel is included in
"Other Products."
i Includes propylene.
j Finished motor gasoline. Beginning in 1993, also includes fuel ethanol
blended into motor gasoline.
Propanei
Total
Motor
Residual
Other
Gasolinej Fuel Oil Productsk
Total
k Asphalt and road oil, finished aviation gasoline, kerosene, lubricants,

petrochemical feedstocks, petroleum coke, special naphthas, still gas, waxes, and
miscellaneous products. Beginning in 2005, also includes naphtha-type jet fuel.
R=Revised. E=Estimate. F=Forecast.
Web Pages:

Sources: 1973-1975: Bureau of Mines, Mineral Industry Surveys, Petroleum
Statement, Annual, annual reports. 1976-1980: U.S. Energy Information
Administration (EIA), Energy Data Reports, Petroleum Statement, Annual, annual
reports. 1981-2011: EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual, annual reports. 2012:
EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly, monthly reports; and, for the current two months,
Weekly Petroleum Status Report data system, Short-Term Integrated Forecasting
System, and Monthly Energy Review data system calculations.
39
Figure 3.3a Petroleum Trade: Overview

Overview, October 2012
Million Barrels per Day
25
20
18.7
15
10.1
10
6.8
4.2
3.3
2.1
0
Imports From
Persian Gulf
Imports From
OPEC
Total
Imports
Imports From OPEC and Persian Gulf

as Share of Total Imports, 1973-2011
Exports
Net
Imports From OPEC and Persian Gulf

as Share of Total Imports, January-October
60
80
OPEC
OPEC
39.6%
(2011)
Persian Gulf
16.2%
(2011)
47.8%
(1973)
40
20
41.7
Persian Gulf
40.3
40.1
40
Percent
60
Percent
Products
Supplied
Imports
20.4
20
14.5
16.0
13.6%
(1973)
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Net Imports as Share of Products Supplied,

1973-2012
2010
2011
2012
Net Imports as Share of Products Supplied,

January-December
75
75
40.6%
(2012)
25
50
49.2
44.9
Percent
Percent
50
34.8%
(1973)
27.3%
(1985)
40.6
25
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
2010
2011
Note: OPEC=Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries.

Web Page: http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#petroleum .
Source: Table 3.3a.
40
2012
Table 3.3a Petroleum Trade: Overview

As Share of
Products Supplied
Imports
From
Persian
Gulfa
Imports
From
OPECb
Imports
Exports
Net
Imports
Products
Supplied
Imports
From
Persian
Gulfa
Imports
From
OPECb
Imports
Thousand Barrels per Day

1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
As Share of
Total Imports
Net
Imports
Imports
From
Persian
Gulfa
Imports
From
OPECb
Percent
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
848
1,165
1,519
311
1,966
1,573
1,604
1,755
2,136
2,464
2,488
2,761
2,269
2,501
2,493
2,334
2,211
2,163
2,370
1,689
2,993
3,601
4,300
1,830
4,296
4,002
4,211
4,569
4,905
4,953
5,203
5,528
4,605
5,162
5,701
5,587
5,517
5,980
5,954
4,776
6,256
6,056
6,909
5,067
8,018
8,835
9,478
10,162
10,708
10,852
11,459
11,871
11,530
12,264
13,145
13,714
13,707
13,468
12,915
11,691
231
209
544
781
857
949
981
1,003
945
940
1,040
971
984
1,027
1,048
1,165
1,317
1,433
1,802
2,024
6,025
5,846
6,365
4,286
7,161
7,886
8,498
9,158
9,764
9,912
10,419
10,900
10,546
11,238
12,097
12,549
12,390
12,036
11,114
9,667
17,308
16,322
17,056
15,726
16,988
17,725
18,309
18,620
18,917
19,519
19,701
19,649
19,761
20,034
20,731
20,802
20,687
20,680
19,498
18,771
4.9
7.1
8.9
2.0
11.6
8.9
8.8
9.4
11.3
12.6
12.6
14.1
11.5
12.5
12.0
11.2
10.7
10.5
12.2
9.0
17.3
22.1
25.2
11.6
25.3
22.6
23.0
24.5
25.9
25.4
26.4
28.1
23.3
25.8
27.5
26.9
26.7
28.9
30.5
25.4
36.1
37.1
40.5
32.2
47.2
49.8
51.8
54.6
56.6
55.6
58.2
60.4
58.3
61.2
63.4
65.9
66.3
65.1
66.2
62.3
34.8
35.8
37.3
27.3
42.2
44.5
46.4
49.2
51.6
50.8
52.9
55.5
53.4
56.1
58.4
60.3
59.9
58.2
57.0
51.5
13.6
19.2
22.0
6.1
24.5
17.8
16.9
17.3
19.9
22.7
21.7
23.3
19.7
20.4
19.0
17.0
16.1
16.1
18.4
14.4
47.8
59.5
62.2
36.1
53.6
45.3
44.4
45.0
45.8
45.6
45.4
46.6
39.9
42.1
43.4
40.7
40.2
44.4
46.1
40.9
2010 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
1,563
1,666
1,842
2,026
1,724
1,972
1,679
1,663
1,698
1,490
1,662
1,564
1,711
4,554
4,659
5,084
5,376
5,055
5,297
5,178
5,117
5,111
4,305
4,525
4,614
4,906
11,300
11,230
11,621
12,526
12,141
12,444
12,675
12,356
11,823
11,142
11,096
11,132
11,793
1,897
2,034
2,149
2,432
2,399
2,304
2,516
2,410
2,345
2,480
2,598
2,644
2,353
9,404
9,197
9,472
10,093
9,742
10,140
10,159
9,946
9,478
8,662
8,498
8,488
9,441
18,652
18,850
19,099
19,044
18,866
19,537
19,319
19,662
19,438
18,974
18,977
19,722
19,180
8.4
8.8
9.6
10.6
9.1
10.1
8.7
8.5
8.7
7.9
8.8
7.9
8.9
24.4
24.7
26.6
28.2
26.8
27.1
26.8
26.0
26.3
22.7
23.8
23.4
25.6
60.6
59.6
60.8
65.8
64.4
63.7
65.6
62.8
60.8
58.7
58.5
56.4
61.5
50.4
48.8
49.6
53.0
51.6
51.9
52.6
50.6
48.8
45.7
44.8
43.0
49.2
13.8
14.8
15.9
16.2
14.2
15.8
13.2
13.5
14.4
13.4
15.0
14.0
14.5
40.3
41.5
43.7
42.9
41.6
42.6
40.8
41.4
43.2
38.6
40.8
41.4
41.6
2011 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
1,681
1,495
1,667
1,704
1,844
2,033
2,167
1,910
2,039
1,904
1,944
1,921
1,861
4,909
4,530
4,638
4,548
4,619
4,894
4,939
4,656
4,326
4,296
4,206
4,093
4,555
12,248
10,738
11,850
11,808
11,866
11,877
11,757
11,227
11,270
11,053
11,217
11,064
11,504
2,750
2,634
2,733
3,071
2,735
2,716
3,053
3,002
3,174
3,107
3,159
3,667
2,986
9,497
8,104
9,117
8,736
9,131
9,161
8,704
8,224
8,095
7,946
8,059
7,397
8,518
18,993
18,873
19,329
18,650
18,479
19,253
18,778
19,415
18,892
18,844
19,080
18,803
18,949
8.8
7.9
8.6
9.1
10.0
10.6
11.5
9.8
10.8
10.1
10.2
10.2
9.8
25.8
24.0
24.0
24.4
25.0
25.4
26.3
24.0
22.9
22.8
22.0
21.8
24.0
64.5
56.9
61.3
63.3
64.2
61.7
62.6
57.8
59.7
58.7
58.8
58.8
60.7
50.0
42.9
47.2
46.8
49.4
47.6
46.4
42.4
42.9
42.2
42.2
39.3
44.9
13.7
13.9
14.1
14.4
15.5
17.1
18.4
17.0
18.1
17.2
17.3
17.4
16.2
40.1
42.2
39.1
38.5
38.9
41.2
42.0
41.5
38.4
38.9
37.5
37.0
39.6
2012 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
2,208
1,948
2,222
2,228
2,560
2,376
2,131
2,071
2,071
R 2,141
NA
NA
NA
4,203
3,986
4,314
4,394
4,672
4,618
4,331
4,344
4,268
R 4,186
NA
NA
NA
10,944
10,464
10,610
10,634
11,132
11,393
10,748
10,898
10,533
R 10,088
E 10,114
E 10,235
E 10,650
2,839
2,980
3,064
3,263
3,194
3,209
3,211
3,017
3,150
R 3,255
E 2,818
E 2,920
E 3,077
8,104
7,484
7,547
7,370
7,939
8,184
7,537
7,881
7,383
R 6,833
E 7,296
E 7,315
E 7,573
18,280
18,760
18,213
18,330
18,707
18,915
18,601
19,226
18,173
R 18,722
E 18,994
E 18,965
E 18,657
12.1
10.4
12.2
12.2
13.7
12.6
11.5
10.8
11.4
R 11.4
NA
NA
NA
23.0
21.2
23.7
24.0
25.0
24.4
23.3
22.6
23.5
R 22.4
NA
NA
NA
59.9
55.8
58.3
58.0
59.5
60.2
57.8
56.7
58.0
R 53.9
E 53.2
E 54.0
E 57.1
44.3
39.9
41.4
40.2
42.4
43.3
40.5
41.0
40.6
R 36.5
E 38.4
E 38.6
E 40.6
20.2
18.6
20.9
21.0
23.0
20.9
19.8
19.0
19.7
R 21.2
NA
NA
NA
38.4
38.1
40.7
41.3
42.0
40.5
40.3
39.9
40.5
R 41.5
NA
NA
NA
a Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and
the Neutral Zone (between Kuwait and Saudi Arabia).
b See "Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)" in Glossary.
See Table 3.3c for notes on which countries are included in the data.
R=Revised. E=Estimate. NA=Not available.
Notes: Readers of this table may be interested in a feature article, "Measuring
Dependence on Imported Oil," that was published in the August 1995 Monthly
Energy
Review.
See
http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/pdf/historical/imported_oil.pdf.
Beginning in October 1977, data include Strategic Petroleum Reserve imports.
See Table 3.3b. Annual averages may not equal average of months due to
independent rounding. U.S. geographic coverage is the 50 States and the
District of Columbia. U.S. exports include shipments to U.S. territories, and imports
include receipts from U.S. territories.
Web Pages:

Weekly Petroleum Status Report data system and Monthly Energy Review data
system calculations.
41
Figure 3.3b Petroleum Trade: Imports

Overview, 1973-2012
Crude Oil and Petroleum Products,

January-December
10
15
9.2
8.9
2010
8.5
2011
2012
10
Total
6
Crude Oil
2.6
2.6
2.1
2
Petroleum Products
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
OPEC and Non-OPEC, 1973-2011
Crude Oil
Petroleum Products
OPEC and Non-OPEC

10
10
October 2010
October 2011
October 2012
8
Non-OPEC
6.8
6.8
5.9
4.3
4.3
4.2
OPEC
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
From Selected OPEC Countries, October 2012
OPEC
Non-OPEC
From Selected Non-OPEC Countries,

October 2012
2.0
3.5
3.0
2.683
1.5
2.5
1.257
2.0
0.951
1.0
1.5
0.593
1.062
0.543
1.0
0.5
0.287
0.552
0.5
0.376
0.117
0.0
0.0
Saudi
Arabia
Venezuela
Iraq
Nigeria
Kuwait
Canada
Mexico
Russia
United
Kingdom
Note: OPEC=Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries.

Web Page: http http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#petroleum.
Sources: Tables 3.3b3.3d.
42
Colombia
Table 3.3b Petroleum Trade: Imports and Exports by Type

Imports
Crude Oila
SPRc,d
1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
Total
Exports
LPGb
Distillate
Fuel Oil
Jet
Fuele
Propanef
Total
Motor
Residual
Gasolineg Fuel Oil Otherh
Total
Crude Petroleum
Oila
Products
Total
44
118
27
8
8
11
16
77
52
8
7
19
56
3,244
4,105
5,263
3,201
5,894
7,230
7,508
8,225
8,706
8,731
9,071
9,328
9,140
9,665
10,088
10,126
10,118
10,031
9,783
9,013
392
155
142
200
278
193
230
228
210
250
295
344
267
333
325
329
365
304
213
225
212
133
80
39
108
106
111
91
124
128
162
148
107
109
127
190
186
217
103
81
71
60
69
67
115
102
119
113
137
122
161
145
145
168
209
233
228
182
185
147
132
112
216
187
188
146
166
169
194
182
215
206
183
225
263
328
332
247
253
182
134
184
140
381
342
265
336
309
311
382
427
454
498
518
496
603
475
413
302
223
1,853
1,223
939
510
504
187
248
194
275
237
352
295
249
327
426
530
350
372
349
331
290
144
130
550
705
708
879
945
888
943
938
1,095
1,085
1,087
1,419
1,609
1,881
1,885
1,913
1,635
6,256
6,056
6,909
5,067
8,018
8,835
9,478
10,162
10,708
10,852
11,459
11,871
11,530
12,264
13,145
13,714
13,707
13,468
12,915
11,691
2
6
287
204
109
95
110
108
110
118
50
20
9
12
27
32
25
27
29
44
229
204
258
577
748
855
871
896
835
822
990
951
975
1,014
1,021
1,133
1,292
1,405
1,773
1,980
231
209
544
781
857
949
981
1,003
945
940
1,040
971
984
1,027
1,048
1,165
1,317
1,433
1,802
2,024
2010 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
November ..............
December ..............
Average ................
8,492
8,761
9,341
9,726
9,655
9,927
9,932
9,543
9,229
8,540
8,699
8,695
9,213
462
293
179
220
189
237
170
246
189
163
178
219
228
131
75
79
88
81
114
113
103
122
94
101
73
98
192
217
137
79
82
73
56
62
85
131
132
214
121
225
242
155
102
108
113
104
107
124
165
165
231
153
179
196
120
178
107
163
114
129
130
86
117
99
134
376
382
376
480
404
283
400
330
367
337
345
315
366
1,435
1,282
1,370
1,732
1,599
1,607
1,841
1,899
1,662
1,758
1,491
1,501
1,600
11,300
11,230
11,621
12,526
12,141
12,444
12,675
12,356
11,823
11,142
11,096
11,132
11,793
33
58
45
37
36
31
69
36
61
23
32
40
42
1,864
1,976
2,104
2,396
2,363
2,273
2,447
2,374
2,283
2,457
2,567
2,604
2,311
1,897
2,034
2,149
2,432
2,399
2,304
2,516
2,410
2,345
2,480
2,598
2,644
2,353
2011 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
November ..............
December ..............
Average ................
9,183
8,184
9,183
8,839
9,059
9,235
9,276
8,936
8,914
8,907
8,724
8,711
8,935
337
206
190
191
170
127
157
148
179
128
138
175
179
65
68
65
80
91
82
95
66
58
61
72
21
69
235
220
205
141
118
115
115
123
141
129
152
210
158
290
266
260
177
160
160
157
167
176
166
191
258
202
102
119
135
138
137
130
92
106
99
66
74
60
105
411
364
378
424
306
353
246
231
277
286
341
330
328
1,860
1,532
1,639
1,959
1,942
1,789
1,733
1,573
1,567
1,440
1,677
1,509
1,686
12,248
10,738
11,850
11,808
11,866
11,877
11,757
11,227
11,270
11,053
11,217
11,064
11,504
72
30
36
41
37
36
73
34
35
51
64
53
47
2,678
2,604
2,696
3,031
2,698
2,680
2,980
2,969
3,139
3,057
3,094
3,614
2,939
2,750
2,634
2,733
3,071
2,735
2,716
3,053
3,002
3,174
3,107
3,159
3,667
2,986
2012 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
November ..............
December ..............
Average ................
8,572
8,558
8,767
8,591
8,909
9,101
8,606
8,631
8,375
R 8,091
E 8,014
E 8,032
E 8,520
156
142
136
98
111
87
113
110
84
R 88
E 176
E 190
E 124
6
41
5
56
49
42
48
124
84
R 106
E 27
E 24
E 51
145
125
108
102
172
133
148
142
149
R 135
E 147
E 172
E 140
168
155
136
129
218
170
182
186
191
R 176
NA
NA
NA
99
46
91
53
60
66
52
37
35
R 26
E 63
E 57
E 57
305
226
271
240
251
325
247
233
256
R 219
E 284
E 256
E 259
1,637
1,296
1,205
1,466
1,534
1,602
1,501
1,577
1,507
R 1,382
NA
NA
NA
10,944
10,464
10,610
10,634
11,132
11,393
10,748
10,898
10,533
R 10,088
E 10,114
E 10,235
E 10,650
56
59
60
32
69
46
77
60
58
R 67
E 42
E 43
E 56
2,783
2,921
3,004
3,231
3,124
3,163
3,134
2,957
3,092
R 3,188
E 2,776
E 2,877
E 3,021
2,839
2,980
3,064
3,263
3,194
3,209
3,211
3,017
3,150
R 3,255
E 2,818
E 2,920
E 3,077
a Includes lease condensate.

b Liquefied petroleum gases.
c "SPR" is the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, which began in October 1977.
Through 2003, includes crude oil imports by SPR only; beginning in 2004, includes
crude oil imports by SPR, and crude oil imports into SPR by others.
d See Note 6, "Petroleum Data Discrepancies," at end of section.
e Through 2004, includes kerosene-type and naphtha-type jet fuel. Beginning in
"Other."
f Includes propylene.
g Finished motor gasoline.
Through 1980, also includes motor gasoline
blending components.
h Asphalt and road oil, finished aviation gasoline, gasoline blending
components, kerosene, lubricants, pentanes plus, petrochemical feedstocks,
petroleum coke, special naphthas, unfinished oils, waxes, other hydrocarbons and
oxygenates, and miscellaneous products. Beginning in 2005, also includes
naphtha-type jet fuel.

R=Revised. E=Estimate. NA=Not available. =Not applicable. =No data
reported.
Web Pages:

Weekly Petroleum Status Report data system and Monthly Energy Review data
system calculations.
43
Table 3.3c Petroleum Trade: Imports From OPEC Countries

Algeria
Angolaa
Ecuadorb
Iraq
Kuwaitc
Libya
Nigeria
Saudi
Arabiac
Venezuela
Otherd
Total
OPEC
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
136
282
488
187
280
234
256
285
290
259
225
278
264
382
452
478
657
670
548
493
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
508
513
460
48
57
27
67
49
(b)
b
( )
(b)
(b)
(b)
(b)
(b)
(b)
(b)
(b)
(b)
(b)
(b)
221
185
4
2
28
46
518
0
1
89
336
725
620
795
459
481
656
531
553
484
627
450
47
16
27
21
86
218
236
253
301
248
272
250
228
220
250
243
185
181
210
182
164
232
554
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20
56
87
117
103
79
459
762
857
293
800
627
617
698
696
657
896
885
621
867
1,140
1,166
1,114
1,134
988
809
486
715
1,261
168
1,339
1,344
1,363
1,407
1,491
1,478
1,572
1,662
1,552
1,774
1,558
1,537
1,463
1,485
1,529
1,004
1,135
702
481
605
1,025
1,480
1,676
1,773
1,719
1,493
1,546
1,553
1,398
1,376
1,554
1,529
1,419
1,361
1,189
1,063
514
832
577
439
199
98
62
64
73
93
72
105
83
61
70
47
38
39
26
50
2,993
3,601
4,300
1,830
4,296
4,002
4,211
4,569
4,905
4,953
5,203
5,528
4,605
5,162
5,701
5,587
5,517
5,980
5,954
4,776
2010 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
November ....................
December ....................
Average ......................
498
498
455
464
518
550
518
565
543
451
572
484
510
280
360
502
509
448
425
374
484
417
324
276
319
393
215
152
183
225
182
245
239
276
229
203
194
192
212
523
540
475
490
394
630
430
281
422
143
340
336
415
77
228
218
278
225
217
189
251
172
215
170
125
197
40
40
79
142
39
98
110
123
43
36
23
66
70
1,048
932
962
1,060
1,026
1,108
1,174
985
1,174
872
856
1,070
1,023
963
898
1,149
1,257
1,097
1,125
1,053
1,132
1,093
1,131
1,152
1,093
1,096
911
1,010
1,061
951
1,117
899
1,084
1,022
1,008
930
942
917
988
10
10
9
3
4,554
4,659
5,084
5,376
5,055
5,297
5,178
5,117
5,111
4,305
4,525
4,614
4,906
2011 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
November ....................
December ....................
Average ......................
565
406
500
466
391
297
354
298
291
173
260
297
358
316
370
280
277
356
373
407
331
304
439
340
357
346
238
255
182
169
158
219
172
309
305
178
181
106
206
433
263
398
519
422
559
596
637
404
490
395
380
459
147
118
161
78
200
238
228
165
145
278
302
231
191
57
36
32
1
(s)
35
1
2
2
10
9
15
1,022
978
913
922
854
853
884
892
580
693
703
534
818
1,101
1,114
1,108
1,107
1,203
1,169
1,326
1,075
1,479
1,120
1,222
1,310
1,195
1,030
989
1,065
1,009
1,016
1,084
954
914
806
906
767
868
951
19
68
18
32
11
17
26
16
4,909
4,530
4,638
4,548
4,619
4,894
4,939
4,656
4,326
4,296
4,206
4,093
4,555
2012 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
10-Month Average .....
269
256
325
259
303
236
213
303
175
186
253
370
230
175
253
256
378
285
153
237
183
252
100
244
174
201
199
236
176
180
218
122
184
390
271
386
395
675
649
352
550
461
593
473
352
252
462
235
407
250
304
301
310
287
317
5
29
60
68
65
93
110
126
67
59
68
504
353
374
483
428
515
372
504
468
543
455
1,423
1,420
1,374
1,589
1,471
1,456
1,466
1,220
1,291
1,257
1,396
750
931
984
904
861
788
1,046
1,007
1,035
951
926
41
7
7
17
7
6
4
9
4,203
3,986
4,314
4,394
4,672
4,618
4,331
4,344
4,268
4,186
4,333
2011 10-Month Average .....

374
506
345
412
218
215
474
431
177
207
16
75
859
1,034
1,180
1,091
977
1,000
17
3
4,637
4,974
1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
a Angola joined OPEC in January 2007. For 1973-2006, Angola is included in

"Total Non-OPEC" on Table 3.3d.
b Ecuador was a member of OPEC from 1973-1992, and rejoined OPEC in
November 2007. For 1993-2007, Ecuador is included in "Total Non-OPEC" on
Table 3.3d.
c Imports from the Neutral Zone are reported as originating in either Saudi
Arabia or Kuwait depending on the country reported to U.S. Customs.
d For all years, includes Iran, Qatar, and United Arab Emirates. For 1973-2008,
also includes Indonesia; and for 1975-1994, also includes Gabon.
=No data reported. (s)=Less than 500 barrels per day.
Notes: See "Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)" in
Glossary. Petroleum imports not classified as "OPEC" on this table are included on
Table 3.3d. The country of origin for petroleum products may not be the country
of origin for the crude oil from which the products were produced. For example,
44
refined products imported from West European refining areas may have been
produced from Middle East crude oil. Includes imports for the Strategic
Petroleum Reserve, which began in October 1977. Totals may not equal sum of
components due to independent rounding. U.S. geographic coverage is the 50
Web Pages:

EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly, monthly reports.
Table 3.3d Petroleum Trade: Imports From Non-OPEC Countries

Brazil
1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
Canada
Colombia
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Russiaa
United
Kingdom
U.S. Virgin
Islands
Other
Total
Non-OPEC
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
9
5
3
61
49
8
9
5
26
26
51
82
116
108
104
156
193
200
258
309
1,325
846
455
770
934
1,332
1,424
1,563
1,598
1,539
1,807
1,828
1,971
2,072
2,138
2,181
2,353
2,455
2,493
2,479
9
9
4
23
182
219
234
271
354
468
342
296
260
195
176
196
155
155
200
276
16
71
533
816
755
1,068
1,244
1,385
1,351
1,324
1,373
1,440
1,547
1,623
1,665
1,662
1,705
1,532
1,302
1,210
53
19
2
58
55
15
19
25
31
27
30
43
66
87
101
151
174
128
168
140
1
17
144
32
102
273
313
309
236
304
343
341
393
270
244
233
196
142
102
108
26
14
1
8
45
25
25
13
24
89
72
90
210
254
298
410
369
414
465
563
15
14
176
310
189
383
308
226
250
365
366
324
478
440
380
396
272
277
236
245
329
406
388
247
282
278
313
300
293
280
291
268
236
288
330
328
328
346
320
277
1,480
1,052
903
913
1,128
1,233
1,377
1,495
1,640
1,478
1,581
1,631
1,649
1,766
2,008
2,413
2,446
1,839
1,416
1,307
3,263
2,454
2,609
3,237
3,721
4,833
5,267
5,593
5,803
5,899
6,257
6,343
6,925
7,103
7,444
8,127
8,190
7,489
6,961
6,915
2010 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
November ....................
December ....................
Average ......................
353
226
306
318
319
308
332
251
181
169
198
295
272
2,596
2,491
2,505
2,472
2,528
2,717
2,549
2,489
2,479
2,347
2,513
2,736
2,535
322
386
251
423
315
407
404
372
363
422
492
231
365
1,133
1,137
1,306
1,282
1,428
1,211
1,289
1,282
1,254
1,347
1,363
1,365
1,284
116
126
136
89
108
87
207
137
45
108
57
71
108
126
99
59
166
119
52
119
57
62
111
79
26
89
463
423
494
587
719
760
719
786
648
655
561
514
612
282
413
267
304
176
269
351
266
178
152
187
236
256
298
196
235
331
195
246
239
301
302
270
234
191
253
1,057
1,074
977
1,178
1,180
1,090
1,287
1,298
1,200
1,255
886
855
1,112
6,747
6,571
6,538
7,149
7,087
7,146
7,497
7,239
6,712
6,837
6,571
6,518
6,887
2011 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
November ....................
December ....................
Average ......................
263
179
165
228
298
283
330
239
190
190
245
417
253
3,004
2,997
2,819
2,755
2,564
2,586
2,691
2,688
2,880
2,719
2,858
3,009
2,796
355
258
427
548
433
309
418
395
529
578
424
508
433
1,366
1,103
1,319
1,077
1,303
1,222
1,197
1,185
1,192
1,177
1,256
1,064
1,206
101
129
91
133
129
175
80
81
64
23
96
101
100
85
69
156
167
101
93
58
87
97
180
174
88
113
558
437
690
704
684
689
564
585
592
687
737
552
624
155
110
198
193
245
146
175
125
124
150
125
162
159
276
179
149
179
194
151
192
185
189
151
177
214
186
1,176
749
1,198
1,275
1,296
1,330
1,113
1,001
1,087
902
918
857
1,077
7,338
6,209
7,211
7,260
7,247
6,983
6,818
6,571
6,943
6,757
7,011
6,971
6,948
2012 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
321
286
356
237
215
297
257
289
152
90
250
3,008
3,048
2,931
2,931
3,018
3,051
2,973
3,022
2,815
2,683
2,948
431
472
482
472
430
515
397
409
357
376
434
1,114
1,081
1,004
1,002
996
915
1,007
1,016
1,096
1,062
1,029
101
92
143
84
121
151
137
91
75
69
107
46
163
87
51
95
82
47
90
63
67
79
572
288
326
388
550
655
491
368
562
552
476
168
127
187
204
143
205
131
197
109
117
159
96
28
1
12
2
(s)
1
3
14
884
894
779
858
891
904
976
1,072
1,036
882
917
6,740
6,478
6,296
6,239
6,460
6,775
6,417
6,554
6,264
5,902
6,412

237
277
2,768
2,517
426
366
1,216
1,268
100
116
110
97
620
627
163
265
185
262
1,115
1,161
6,940
6,956
a Through 1992, may include imports from republics other than Russia in the
former U.S.S.R. See "Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.)" in Glossary.
=No data reported. (s)=Less than 500 barrels per day.
Notes: See "Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)" in
Glossary for membership. Petroleum imports not classified as "OPEC" on Table
3.3c are included on this table. The country of origin for petroleum products may
not be the country of origin for the crude oil from which the products were
produced. For example, refined products imported from West European refining
areas may have been produced from Middle East crude oil. Includes imports for
the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, which began in October 1977. Totals may not
equal sum of components due to independent rounding. U.S. geographic

Web Pages:

EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly, monthly reports.
45
Figure 3.4
Petroleum Stocks
(Billion Barrels, Except as Noted)
Overview, 1973-2012
Overview, Monthly
2.0
2.0
Total
Total
1.5
1.5
Crude Oil
1.0
Crude Oil
1.0
0.5
Petroleum Products
0.5
Petroleum Products
0.0
0.0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
2010
Total Stocks (Crude Oil and Petroleum Products)
2011
2012
SPR and Non-SPR Crude Oil Stocks, 1973-2012

750
2.0
1.794
1.791
1.750
SPR
Million Barrels
1.5
1.0
500
Non-SPR
250
0.5
0.0
December
December
2010
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
December
2011
2012
Selected Products
250
219
223
230
December 2010
December 2011
December 2012
Million Barrels
200
164
149
150
128
100
66
49
50
55
43
41
39
41
34
36
0
Motor Gasoline
a
Distillate Fuel Oil
Includes propylene.
Includes kerosene-type jet fuel only.
Notes: SPR=Strategic Petroleum Reserve. Stocks are at end of
b
46
Propane
Jet Fuel b
Residual Fuel Oil
period.
Source: Table 3.4.
Table 3.4 Petroleum Stocks

(Million Barrels)
Crude Oila
SPRc
1973 Year
1975 Year
1980 Year
1985 Year
1990 Year
1995 Year
1996 Year
1997 Year
1998 Year
1999 Year
2000 Year
2001 Year
2002 Year
2003 Year
2004 Year
2005 Year
2006 Year
2007 Year
2008 Year
2009 Year
Non-SPRd,e,f
LPGb
Totale,f
Distillate
Fuel Oilf,g
Jet
Fuelh
Propanef,i
Totalf
Motor
Gasolinef,j
Residual
Fuel Oilf
Otherk
Totalf
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
108
493
586
592
566
563
571
567
541
550
599
638
676
685
689
697
702
727
242
271
358
321
323
303
284
305
324
284
286
312
278
269
286
324
312
286
326
325
242
271
466
814
908
895
850
868
895
852
826
862
877
907
961
1,008
1,001
983
1,028
1,052
196
209
205
144
132
130
127
138
156
125
118
145
134
137
126
136
144
134
146
166
29
30
42
40
52
40
40
44
45
41
45
42
39
39
40
42
39
39
38
43
65
82
65
39
49
43
43
44
65
43
41
66
53
50
55
57
62
52
55
50
99
125
120
74
98
93
86
89
115
89
83
121
106
94
104
109
113
96
113
102
209
235
261
223
220
202
195
210
216
193
196
210
209
207
218
208
212
218
214
223
53
74
92
50
49
37
46
40
45
36
36
41
31
38
42
37
42
39
36
37
179
188
205
174
162
165
164
169
176
157
164
166
152
147
153
157
169
156
162
153
1,008
1,133
1,392
1,519
1,621
1,563
1,507
1,560
1,647
1,493
1,468
1,586
1,548
1,568
1,645
1,698
1,720
1,665
1,737
1,776
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ...........
727
727
727
727
727
727
727
727
727
727
727
727
337
343
359
363
362
365
358
359
363
368
352
333
1,063
1,070
1,086
1,090
1,089
1,092
1,084
1,086
1,089
1,094
1,079
1,060
164
155
147
145
150
158
167
170
167
162
162
164
44
44
42
44
45
45
47
47
47
44
44
43
35
28
28
35
42
49
55
59
61
61
61
49
80
70
73
89
105
120
130
139
141
138
131
108
232
235
225
220
218
216
220
221
219
210
213
219
40
41
41
44
46
43
41
39
40
41
41
41
162
170
174
178
178
169
166
159
158
158
158
158
1,786
1,785
1,787
1,810
1,830
1,842
1,855
1,862
1,861
1,847
1,827
1,794
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
727
727
727
727
727
727
718
696
696
696
696
696
345
348
360
367
368
356
346
347
330
337
337
331
1,072
1,075
1,087
1,093
1,095
1,082
1,065
1,043
1,026
1,033
1,033
1,027
163
154
149
143
145
144
154
155
153
142
144
149
42
39
40
38
41
42
44
43
46
45
42
41
35
27
24
28
34
40
47
52
57
60
59
55
87
73
71
81
93
107
121
132
135
135
126
112
236
230
215
204
214
215
215
210
215
207
220
223
39
35
38
40
38
38
38
39
35
37
39
34
171
174
177
180
181
180
179
173
171
170
167
164
1,809
1,780
1,776
1,779
1,807
1,809
1,816
1,796
1,781
1,769
1,770
1,750
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
696
696
696
696
696
696
696
696
695
695
E 695
E 695
340
347
368
377
386
386
370
363
369
375
E 372
E 361
1,036
1,043
1,064
1,073
1,082
1,082
1,066
1,058
1,064
1,070
E 1,067
E 1,056
149
139
134
125
122
120
127
127
127
R 119
E 115
E 128
42
41
39
40
40
38
40
43
44
R 45
E 40
E 39
48
43
45
50
56
62
69
73
76
74
E 72
E 66
101
96
102
116
133
147
159
171
175
R 168
RF 157
F 140
235
231
219
211
205
208
210
201
201
R 204
E 213
E 230
34
36
36
34
33
37
36
34
36
37
E 38
E 36
175
179
184
179
179
176
172
166
172
R 166
RE 158
E 162
1,772
1,765
1,778
1,777
1,794
1,808
1,809
1,801
1,818
R 1,810
E 1,788
E 1,791

b Liquefied petroleum gases.
c "SPR" is the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, which began in October 1977.
Crude oil stocks in the SPR include non-U.S. stocks held under foreign or
commercial storage agreements.
d All crude oil stocks other than those in SPR.
e Beginning in 1981, includes stocks of Alaskan crude oil in transit. See Note 5,
"Stocks of Alaskan Crude Oil," at end of section.
f See Note 4, "Petroleum New Stock Basis," at end of section.
g Excludes stocks in the Northeast Heating Oil Reserve. Beginning in 2009,
includes renewable diesel fuel (including biodiesel) blended into distillate fuel oil.
h Through 2004, includes kerosene-type and naphtha-type jet fuel. Beginning in
"Other."
i Includes propylene.
j Includes finished motor gasoline and motor gasoline blending components;
excludes oxygenates.
k Asphalt and road oil, aviation gasoline, aviation gasoline blending
components, kerosene, lubricants, pentanes plus, petrochemical feedstocks,

petroleum coke, special naphthas, unfinished oils, waxes, miscellaneous products,
oxygenates, renewable fuels, and other hydrocarbons. Beginning in 2005, also
includes naphtha-type jet fuel.
R=Revised. E=Estimate. F=Forecast. =Not applicable.
Notes: Stocks are at end of period. Totals may not equal sum of
Web Pages:

47
Figure 3.5
Petroleum Products Supplied by Type

Total and Motor Gasoline, 1973-2012
Total, January-December
24
24
Total
18
19.180
18.949
18.657
2010
2011
2012
18
12
12
Motor Gasolinea
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Selected Products,1973-2012
Selected Products, Monthly

12
12
Motor Gasolinea
Motor Gasolinea
Distillate Fuel Oilb

Distillate Fuel Oil
Residual Fuel Oil
Residual Fuel Oil
Propanec
Jet Fuel
Jet Fuelc
Propanec
0
J FMA M J J A SOND J F MAM J J A SOND J FMA M J J A SOND
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
2010
2011
2012
Selected Products
12
December 2010
9
8.9
8.7
December 2011
December 2012
8.5
6
4.2
3.9
3.6
3
1.6
1.5
1.6
1.4
1.4
1.4
0.5
0
Motor Gasoline
a
Distillate Fuel Oil

Beginning in 2009, includes renewable diesel fuel (including biodiesel)
c
Includes propylene.
b
48
Propane
Jet Fuel d
0.5
0.3
Residual Fuel Oil

Note: SPR=Strategic Petroleum Reserve.
Source: Table 3.5.
Table 3.5 Petroleum Products Supplied by Type

Asphalt
and
Aviation
Road Oil Gasoline
1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
LPGa
Distillate
Fuel Oilb
Jet
Fuelc
Kerosene
Propaned
Total
Lubricants
Motor
Gasolinee
Petroleum
Coke
Residual
Fuel Oil
Otherf
Total
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
522
419
396
425
483
486
484
505
521
547
525
519
512
503
537
546
521
494
417
360
45
39
35
27
24
21
20
22
19
21
20
19
18
16
17
19
18
17
15
14
3,092
2,851
2,866
2,868
3,021
3,207
3,365
3,435
3,461
3,572
3,722
3,847
3,776
3,927
4,058
4,118
4,169
4,196
3,945
3,631
1,059
1,001
1,068
1,218
1,522
1,514
1,578
1,599
1,622
1,673
1,725
1,655
1,614
1,578
1,630
1,679
1,633
1,622
1,539
1,393
216
159
158
114
43
54
62
66
78
73
67
72
43
55
64
70
54
32
14
18
872
783
754
883
917
1,096
1,136
1,170
1,120
1,246
1,235
1,142
1,248
1,215
1,276
1,229
1,215
1,235
1,154
1,160
1,449
1,333
1,469
1,599
1,556
1,899
2,012
2,038
1,952
2,195
2,231
2,044
2,163
2,074
2,132
2,030
2,052
2,085
1,954
2,051
162
137
159
145
164
156
151
160
168
169
166
153
151
140
141
141
137
142
131
118
6,674
6,675
6,579
6,831
7,235
7,789
7,891
8,017
8,253
8,431
8,472
8,610
8,848
8,935
9,105
9,159
9,253
9,286
8,989
8,997
261
247
237
264
339
365
379
377
447
477
406
437
463
455
524
515
522
490
464
427
2,822
2,462
2,508
1,202
1,229
852
848
797
887
830
909
811
700
772
865
920
689
723
622
511
1,005
1,001
1,581
1,032
1,373
1,381
1,518
1,605
1,508
1,532
1,458
1,481
1,474
1,579
1,657
1,605
1,640
1,593
1,408
1,251
17,308
16,322
17,056
15,726
16,988
17,725
18,309
18,620
18,917
19,519
19,701
19,649
19,761
20,034
20,731
20,802
20,687
20,680
19,498
18,771
2010 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Average ..................
203
249
264
331
378
517
470
537
463
434
295
204
362
10
10
14
17
15
18
20
14
20
15
11
12
15
3,701
3,854
3,835
3,759
3,639
3,743
3,544
3,830
3,886
3,773
3,873
4,176
3,800
1,344
1,343
1,443
1,410
1,446
1,543
1,494
1,486
1,457
1,430
1,396
1,383
1,432
15
34
11
7
11
16
19
9
8
15
46
50
20
1,638
1,526
1,193
916
891
901
915
973
1,040
1,135
1,168
1,634
1,160
2,644
2,531
2,225
1,843
1,878
1,938
1,978
2,025
2,084
2,126
2,141
2,677
2,173
116
137
138
132
128
155
141
129
136
127
125
113
131
8,520
8,579
8,793
9,108
9,162
9,311
9,301
9,255
9,112
9,016
8,816
8,911
8,993
268
334
425
385
339
411
385
434
433
335
389
371
376
615
515
531
590
519
500
595
476
513
489
552
525
535
1,218
1,263
1,421
1,463
1,351
1,386
1,373
1,467
1,326
1,215
1,333
1,301
1,343
18,652
18,850
19,099
19,044
18,866
19,537
19,319
19,662
19,438
18,974
18,977
19,722
19,180
2011 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Average ..................
221
248
282
311
357
454
465
545
462
423
297
187
355
11
14
18
10
18
17
19
18
13
16
12
10
15
3,958
3,913
4,045
3,755
3,699
3,947
3,564
4,009
3,936
4,003
4,109
3,853
3,899
1,346
1,352
1,385
1,457
1,424
1,540
1,473
1,554
1,416
1,384
1,416
1,353
1,425
19
50
26
8
(s)
4
9
5
8
2
6
12
12
1,743
1,485
1,277
996
989
958
976
1,040
1,021
1,195
1,292
1,458
1,202
2,757
2,527
2,410
2,043
2,077
2,027
2,039
2,102
2,050
2,227
2,393
2,616
2,272
124
121
150
136
122
125
119
137
125
102
124
111
125
8,370
8,604
8,799
8,796
8,817
9,067
9,031
8,925
8,744
8,649
8,537
8,683
8,753
361
293
348
355
414
379
368
461
349
395
377
229
361
582
566
462
477
468
479
329
347
491
405
419
519
461
1,244
1,185
1,405
1,301
1,082
1,213
1,363
1,311
1,299
1,239
1,391
1,228
1,272
18,993
18,873
19,329
18,650
18,479
19,253
18,778
19,415
18,892
18,844
19,080
18,803
18,949
2012 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Average ..................
216
218
236
329
378
454
461
485
444
R 369
F 305
F 200
E 341
12
11
14
14
17
13
20
13
15
R 14
F 10
F 10
E 14
3,823
3,980
3,706
3,704
3,745
3,729
3,552
3,740
3,681
R 3,838
E 3,897
E 3,600
E 3,748
1,313
1,350
1,382
1,359
1,409
1,545
1,468
1,469
1,379
R 1,341
E 1,430
E 1,436
E 1,407
2
23
2
3
1
2
2
1
3
R3
RF 23
F 32
E8
1,406
1,343
1,134
986
1,095
1,064
1,008
1,110
1,157
R 1,273
E 1,388
E 1,568
E 1,211
2,463
2,421
2,226
2,069
2,152
2,072
2,120
2,190
2,224
R 2,388
RF 2,401
F 2,631
E 2,280
129
139
111
122
116
107
104
111
103
R 110
RF 115
F 112
E 115
8,187
8,622
8,633
8,817
8,996
9,035
8,819
9,135
8,575
R 8,700
E 8,630
E 8,490
E 8,720
367
297
323
338
376
372
338
409
357
R 319
F 383
F 383
E 355
420
394
416
408
294
372
418
353
302
R 279
E 362
E 332
E 362
1,349
1,306
1,163
1,166
1,224
1,214
1,298
1,320
1,090
R 1,361
RE 1,439
E 1,741
E 1,307
18,280
18,760
18,213
18,330
18,707
18,915
18,601
19,226
18,173
R 18,722
E 18,994
E 18,965
E 18,657
a Liquefied petroleum gases.

b Beginning in 2009, includes renewable diesel fuel (including biodiesel)

c Through 2004, includes kerosene-type and naphtha-type jet fuel. Beginning in
"Other."
d Includes propylene.
e Finished motor gasoline. Beginning in 1993, also includes fuel ethanol
f Pentanes plus, petrochemical feedstocks, special naphthas, still gas (refinery
gas), waxes, and miscellaneous products. Beginning in 1981, also includes
negative barrels per day of distillate and residual fuel oil reclassified as unfinished
oils, and other products (from both primary and secondary supply) reclassified as
gasoline blending components. Beginning in 1983, also includes crude oil burned
as fuel. Beginning in 2005, also includes naphtha-type jet fuel.
R=Revised. E=Estimate. F=Forecast. (s)=Less than 500 barrels per day and
greater than -500 barrels per day.
Notes: Petroleum products supplied is an approximation of petroleum

consumption and is synonymous with the term "petroleum consumption" in Tables
3.7a3.8c.
See Note 7, "Petroleum Products Supplied and Petroleum
Consumption," at end of section. Totals may not equal sum of components due
to independent rounding. Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District
of Columbia.
Web Pages:

49
Figure 3.6 Heat Content of Petroleum Products Supplied by Type

(Quadrillion Btu)
Total, 1973-2012
Total
4
50
3.214
40
3.054
3.108
December
December
December
2010
2011
30
2
20
1
10
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
2012
By Product, December 2012

Asphalt and Road Oil
0.041
Aviation Gasoline
Distillate Fuel Oil
Jet Fuel
0.002
a
0.650
b
Kerosene
0.252
0.006
Liquefied Petroleum Gases
0.289
Lubricants
Motor Gasoline
0.021
c
1.373
Petroleum Coke
0.071
Residual Fuel Oil
0.065
Otherd
0.338
0.0
0.5
a
Includes renewable diesel fuel (including biodiesel) blended into distillate fuel oil.
b
c
Includes fuel ethanol blended into motor gasoline.
50
1.0
1.5
2.0
All petroleum products not shown above.

Source: Table 3.6.
Table 3.6 Heat Content of Petroleum Products Supplied by Type

(Trillion Btu)
Asphalt
and
Aviation
Road Oil Gasoline
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
LPGa
Distillate
Fuel Oilb
Jet
Fuelc
Kerosene
Propaned
Total
Lubricants
Motor
Gasolinee
Petroleum
Coke
Residual
Fuel Oil
Otherf
Total
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
1,264
1,014
962
1,029
1,170
1,178
1,176
1,224
1,263
1,324
1,276
1,257
1,240
1,220
1,304
1,323
1,261
1,197
1,012
873
83
71
64
50
45
40
37
40
35
39
36
35
34
30
31
35
33
32
28
27
6,575
6,061
6,110
6,098
6,422
6,818
7,175
7,304
7,359
7,595
7,935
8,179
8,028
8,349
8,652
8,755
8,864
8,921
8,411
7,720
2,167
2,047
2,190
2,497
3,129
3,132
3,274
3,308
3,357
3,462
3,580
3,426
3,340
3,265
3,383
3,475
3,379
3,358
3,193
2,883
447
329
329
236
88
112
128
136
162
151
140
150
90
113
133
144
111
67
30
36
1,221
1,097
1,059
1,236
1,284
1,534
1,594
1,638
1,568
1,745
1,734
1,598
1,747
1,701
1,791
1,721
1,701
1,729
1,620
1,624
1,981
1,807
1,976
2,103
2,059
2,512
2,660
2,690
2,575
2,897
2,945
2,697
2,852
2,748
2,824
2,682
2,700
2,733
2,574
2,664
359
304
354
322
362
346
335
354
371
375
369
338
334
309
313
312
303
313
291
262
12,797
12,798
12,648
13,098
13,872
14,825
15,064
15,254
15,701
16,036
16,155
16,373
16,819
16,981
17,379
17,444
17,622
17,689
17,168
17,135
573
542
522
582
745
802
837
829
982
1,048
895
961
1,018
1,000
1,156
1,133
1,148
1,077
1,022
938
6,477
5,649
5,772
2,759
2,820
1,955
1,952
1,828
2,036
1,905
2,091
1,861
1,605
1,772
1,990
2,111
1,581
1,659
1,432
1,173
2,114
2,109
3,278
2,152
2,839
2,837
3,121
3,298
3,093
3,129
2,979
3,056
3,040
3,264
3,428
3,318
3,416
3,313
2,941
2,611
34,837
32,732
34,205
30,925
33,552
34,556
35,759
36,265
36,934
37,960
38,402
38,333
38,400
39,051
40,593
40,732
40,420
40,358
38,101
36,321
2010 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
November ..............
December ..............
Total ......................
42
46
54
66
78
103
97
110
92
89
59
42
878
2
1
2
3
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
2
27
668
629
692
657
657
654
640
692
679
681
677
754
8,080
236
213
254
240
254
263
263
261
248
251
238
243
2,963
3
5
2
1
2
3
3
2
1
3
8
9
41
195
164
142
105
106
104
109
116
120
135
134
194
1,624
294
255
246
198
207
206
217
220
219
233
228
298
2,821
22
23
26
24
24
28
27
24
25
24
23
21
291
1,378
1,253
1,422
1,426
1,482
1,458
1,504
1,497
1,426
1,458
1,380
1,441
17,127
50
56
79
70
63
74
72
81
78
63
70
69
826
120
91
103
111
101
94
116
93
97
95
104
102
1,228
215
202
252
251
240
237
242
259
227
215
227
233
2,800
3,029
2,776
3,134
3,046
3,111
3,122
3,183
3,241
3,097
3,114
3,014
3,214
37,082
2011 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
November ..............
December ..............
Total ......................
45
46
58
62
73
90
96
112
92
87
59
38
859
2
2
3
2
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
27
715
638
730
656
668
690
644
724
688
723
718
696
8,289
237
215
243
248
250
262
259
273
241
243
241
238
2,950
3
8
5
1
(s)
1
2
1
1
(s)
1
2
25
207
159
152
115
118
110
116
124
117
142
149
173
1,682
304
254
265
216
226
214
222
231
216
245
254
289
2,937
23
20
28
25
23
23
22
26
23
19
23
21
276
1,354
1,257
1,423
1,377
1,426
1,419
1,461
1,444
1,369
1,399
1,336
1,405
16,670
67
49
65
64
77
68
69
86
63
74
68
43
794
113
100
90
90
91
90
64
68
93
79
79
101
1,058
227
190
250
224
194
209
245
234
224
220
239
220
2,676
3,091
2,779
3,160
2,965
3,032
3,070
3,086
3,201
3,011
3,092
3,020
3,054
36,562
2012 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
November ..............
December ..............
Total ......................
44
42
49
65
78
90
95
100
88
R 76
F 61
F 41
E 829
2
2
2
2
3
2
3
2
2
2
F2
F2
E 25
690
672
669
647
676
652
641
675
643
R 693
E 681
E 650
E 7,991
231
222
243
231
248
263
258
258
235
R 236
E 243
E 252
E 2,919
(s)
4
(s)
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
R1
F4
F6
E 16
167
149
135
113
130
122
120
132
133
R 151
E 160
E 186
E 1,700
270
250
245
219
237
218
230
239
236
R 263
RF 255
F 289
E 2,951
24
24
21
22
22
19
20
21
19
R 21
RF 21
F 21
E 254
1,324
1,305
1,396
1,380
1,455
1,414
1,427
1,478
1,342
R 1,407
E 1,351
E 1,373
E 16,653
69
52
60
61
70
67
63
76
64
R 60
F 69
F 71
E 784
82
72
81
77
57
70
81
69
57
R 54
E 68
E 65
E 834
238
219
209
201
217
211
232
233
190
R 241
RE 257
E 338
E 2,787
2,975
2,863
2,976
2,907
3,063
3,007
3,051
3,152
2,877
R 3,054
E 3,012
E 3,108
E 36,044
a Liquefied petroleum gases.


"Other."
d Includes propylene.
e Finished motor gasoline. Beginning in 1993, also includes fuel ethanol blended
into motor gasoline.
f Pentanes plus, petrochemical feedstocks, special naphthas, still gas (refinery

R=Revised. E=Estimate. F=Forecast. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu and greater
than -0.5 trillion Btu.
Notes: Petroleum products supplied is an approximation of petroleum
consumption and is synonymous with the term "petroleum consumption" in Tables
3.7a3.8c.
See Note 7, "Petroleum Products Supplied and Petroleum
of Columbia.
Web Pages:

51
Figure 3.7
Petroleum Consumption by Sector

By Sector, 1973-2011
16
16
13.051
Transportation
12
12
8
Industriala
4.663
4
Residential and Commerciala
Electric Power
0.617
0.300
Residential
Commerciala
0.092
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Residential and Commercial Sectors,a Selected

Products, October 2012
Industriala
Transportation
Electric
Power
Industrial Sector,a Selected Products,

October 2012
1.0
2.0
1.839
0.8
1.5
0.6
0.526
1.0
0.4
0.338
0.583
0.5
0.2
0.0
LPG
Distillate
Fuel Oil
0.028
0.021
Motor
Gasolinec
Residual
Fuel Oil
Transportation Sector, Selected Products,

October 2012
0.369
0.283
0.143
0.0
LPG
Distillate Asphalt and Petroleum

Coke
Fuel Oil
Road Oil
Motor
Gasolinec
Electric Power Sector, October 2012

0.04
10
0.036
8.529
0.032
0.03
0.024
6
0.02
4
2.892
0.01
1.341
0.198
0
Motor
Gasolinec
Distillate
Fuel Oild
Jet
Fuele
Residual
Fuel Oil
a
Includes combined-heat-and-power plants and a small number of
electricity-only plants.
b
c
Includes fuel ethanol blended into motor gasoline .
d
Includes renewable diesel fuel (including biodiesel) blended into
52
0.00
Petroleum
Coke
Residual
Fuel Oil
Distillate
Fuel Oil
distillate fuel oil.

e
Sources: Tables 3.7a3.7c.
Table 3.7a Petroleum Consumption: Residential and Commercial Sectors

Commercial Sectora
Residential Sector
Distillate
Fuel Oil
1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
Kerosene
Liquefied
Petroleum
Gases
Total
Distillate
Fuel Oil
Kerosene
Liquefied
Petroleum
Gases
Motor
Gasolineb
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
942
850
617
514
460
426
434
411
363
389
424
427
404
425
433
402
335
342
314
283
110
78
51
77
31
36
43
45
52
54
46
46
29
34
41
40
32
21
10
13
407
365
222
224
252
282
334
325
303
376
395
375
384
389
364
366
318
345
394
391
1,459
1,293
890
815
742
743
811
781
718
819
865
849
817
848
839
809
685
708
718
687
303
276
243
297
252
225
227
209
202
206
230
239
209
226
221
210
189
181
174
194
31
24
20
16
6
11
10
12
15
13
14
15
8
9
10
10
7
4
2
2
105
92
63
68
73
78
87
86
84
100
107
102
101
112
108
94
88
87
113
99
45
46
56
50
58
10
14
22
20
15
23
20
24
32
23
24
26
32
24
28
2010 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
460
471
270
196
207
244
189
169
157
233
271
432
274
10
24
8
5
8
11
13
7
6
10
32
35
14
461
441
388
321
327
338
345
353
363
370
373
466
379
931
936
666
521
542
593
547
528
526
614
676
934
667
324
332
190
138
146
172
133
119
111
164
190
304
193
2
4
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
5
6
2
122
116
102
85
86
89
91
93
96
98
99
123
100
2011 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
400
419
286
197
130
202
180
246
270
293
336
433
282
13
35
19
6
(s)
3
6
4
5
1
4
9
9
480
440
420
356
362
353
355
366
357
388
417
456
396
893
895
725
559
492
558
542
616
632
682
757
898
686
281
295
201
139
91
142
127
174
190
206
236
305
198
2
6
3
1
(s)
1
1
1
1
(s)
1
1
1
2012 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
10-Month Average ...
469
394
320
234
232
241
224
282
227
199
282
1
16
1
2
(s)
1
2
1
2
2
3
429
422
388
361
375
361
369
382
388
416
389
899
832
709
597
608
603
596
664
616
617
674
330
277
225
165
164
169
158
198
160
140
198
2011 10-Month Average ...

261
258
9
10
388
370
658
639
184
182
a Commercial
sector
fuel
use,
including
that
at
commercial
combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial electricity-only plants.
b Finished motor gasoline. Beginning in 1993, also includes fuel ethanol
NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 500 barrels per day and greater than -500
barrels per day.
Notes: Data are estimates. For total petroleum consumption by all sectors,
see petroleum products supplied data in Table 3.5. Petroleum products supplied is
Petroleum
Coke
NA
NA
NA
NA
Residual
Fuel Oil
Total
0
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
290
214
245
99
100
62
60
48
37
32
40
30
35
48
53
50
33
33
32
33
774
653
626
530
489
385
397
378
358
366
415
406
376
428
416
389
343
337
345
357
28
28
28
29
30
30
30
30
29
29
29
29
29
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
0
0
0
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
57
58
33
24
25
30
23
21
19
29
33
53
34
532
538
356
277
289
323
280
264
256
322
356
516
358
127
116
111
94
96
93
94
97
94
102
110
120
105
27
28
28
28
29
29
29
29
28
28
28
28
28
(s)
(s)
(s)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(s)
(s)
(s)
43
45
31
21
14
22
19
26
29
31
36
46
30
481
490
375
283
230
287
270
326
342
368
411
502
363
(s)
3
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
113
111
102
95
99
95
98
101
102
110
103
26
28
28
29
29
29
29
30
28
28
28
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
0
0
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
50
42
34
25
25
26
24
30
24
21
30
521
462
391
314
317
320
309
359
315
300
360
2
2
102
98
28
29
(s)
(s)
28
32
344
342
an approximation of petroleum consumption and is synonymous with the term

"petroleum consumption" in Tables 3.7a3.8c. See Note 7, "Petroleum Products
Supplied
and
Petroleum
Consumption,"
at
end
of
section.
Web Page: See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#petroleum for all
53
Table 3.7b Petroleum Consumption: Industrial Sector

Industrial Sectora
Asphalt
and
Road Oil
1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
Distillate
Fuel Oil
Kerosene
Liquefied
Petroleum
Gases
Lubricants
Motor
Gasolineb
Petroleum
Coke
Residual
Fuel Oil
Otherc
Total
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
522
419
396
425
483
486
484
505
521
547
525
519
512
503
537
546
521
494
417
360
691
630
621
526
541
532
557
566
570
558
563
611
566
534
570
594
594
595
599
521
75
58
87
21
6
7
9
9
11
6
8
11
7
12
14
19
14
6
2
2
902
844
1,172
1,285
1,215
1,527
1,580
1,617
1,553
1,709
1,720
1,557
1,668
1,561
1,646
1,549
1,627
1,637
1,419
1,541
88
68
82
75
84
80
78
82
86
87
86
79
78
72
73
72
71
73
67
61
133
116
82
114
97
105
105
111
105
80
79
155
163
171
195
187
198
161
131
128
254
246
234
261
325
328
343
331
390
426
361
390
383
375
423
404
425
412
394
363
809
658
586
326
179
147
146
127
100
90
105
89
83
96
108
123
104
84
86
46
1,005
1,001
1,581
1,032
1,373
1,381
1,518
1,605
1,508
1,532
1,458
1,481
1,474
1,579
1,657
1,605
1,640
1,593
1,408
1,251
4,479
4,038
4,842
4,065
4,304
4,594
4,819
4,953
4,844
5,035
4,903
4,892
4,934
4,903
5,222
5,100
5,193
5,056
4,523
4,274
2010 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
203
249
264
331
378
517
470
537
463
434
295
204
362
484
531
686
623
472
427
331
544
701
548
664
700
559
3
6
2
1
2
3
3
2
1
3
8
9
4
2,036
1,949
1,714
1,419
1,446
1,492
1,523
1,559
1,604
1,637
1,648
2,061
1,673
60
70
71
68
66
80
73
66
70
66
64
58
68
140
141
144
149
150
153
153
152
150
148
145
146
148
201
264
356
323
274
333
303
370
371
279
339
307
310
59
55
54
61
51
43
53
42
51
51
57
51
52
1,218
1,263
1,421
1,463
1,351
1,386
1,373
1,467
1,326
1,215
1,333
1,301
1,343
4,403
4,528
4,712
4,438
4,190
4,433
4,282
4,738
4,738
4,380
4,553
4,838
4,519
2011 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
221
248
282
311
357
454
465
545
462
423
297
187
355
715
586
764
562
555
572
307
529
557
587
705
454
574
3
9
5
2
(s)
1
2
1
1
(s)
1
2
2
2,123
1,946
1,856
1,573
1,600
1,561
1,570
1,618
1,579
1,715
1,842
2,014
1,749
64
62
77
70
63
64
61
70
64
53
64
57
64
137
141
144
144
145
149
148
146
143
142
140
142
144
275
218
266
302
359
309
287
388
276
343
336
173
295
62
59
48
49
49
50
32
34
51
42
43
53
48
1,244
1,185
1,405
1,301
1,082
1,213
1,363
1,311
1,299
1,239
1,391
1,228
1,272
4,844
4,455
4,847
4,314
4,209
4,372
4,235
4,643
4,432
4,544
4,819
4,311
4,503
2012 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
216
218
236
329
378
454
461
485
444
369
359
552
723
498
490
468
378
253
305
434
583
467
(s)
4
(s)
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
1
1,896
1,864
1,715
1,594
1,657
1,596
1,632
1,687
1,713
1,839
1,719
66
71
57
63
59
55
54
57
53
57
59
134
141
142
145
148
148
145
150
141
143
144
303
242
292
311
343
336
298
368
314
283
309
41
39
41
41
29
35
40
34
30
27
36
1,349
1,306
1,163
1,166
1,224
1,214
1,298
1,320
1,090
1,361
1,250
4,558
4,609
4,145
4,139
4,307
4,217
4,181
4,406
4,218
4,663
4,344

378
385
573
534
2
3
1,713
1,636
65
69
144
148
303
308
47
52
1,265
1,349
4,491
4,483
a Industrial sector fuel use, including that at industrial combined-heat-and-power

(CHP) and industrial electricity-only plants.
c Pentanes plus, petrochemical feedstocks, special naphthas, still gas (refinery
(s)=Less than 500 barrels per day and greater than -500 barrels per day.
54
Notes: Data are estimates. For total petroleum consumption by all sectors,
see petroleum products supplied data in Table 3.5. Petroleum products supplied is
an approximation of petroleum consumption and is synonymous with the term
"petroleum consumption" in Tables 3.7a3.8c. See Note 7, "Petroleum Products
Supplied
and
Petroleum
Consumption,"
at
end
of
section.
Table 3.7c Petroleum Consumption: Transportation and Electric Power Sectors

Electric Power Sectora
Transportation Sector
Aviation
Gasoline
1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
Distillate
Fuel Oilb
Jet
Fuelc
Liquefied
Petroleum
Gases
Lubricants
Motor
Gasolined
Residual
Fuel Oil
Total
Distillate
Fuel Oile
Petroleum
Coke
Residual
Fuel Oilf
Total
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
45
39
35
27
24
21
20
22
19
21
20
19
18
16
17
19
18
17
15
14
1,045
998
1,311
1,491
1,722
1,973
2,096
2,198
2,263
2,352
2,422
2,489
2,536
2,665
2,783
2,858
3,017
3,037
2,824
2,600
1,042
992
1,062
1,218
1,522
1,514
1,578
1,599
1,622
1,673
1,725
1,655
1,614
1,578
1,630
1,679
1,633
1,622
1,539
1,393
35
31
13
21
16
13
11
10
13
10
8
10
10
12
14
20
20
16
29
20
74
70
77
71
80
76
73
78
81
82
81
74
73
68
69
68
67
69
64
57
6,496
6,512
6,441
6,667
7,080
7,674
7,772
7,883
8,128
8,336
8,370
8,435
8,662
8,733
8,887
8,948
9,029
9,093
8,834
8,840
317
310
608
342
443
397
370
310
294
290
386
255
295
249
321
365
395
433
400
353
9,054
8,951
9,546
9,838
10,888
11,668
11,921
12,099
12,420
12,765
13,012
12,938
13,208
13,321
13,720
13,957
14,178
14,287
13,704
13,279
129
107
79
40
45
51
51
52
64
66
82
80
60
76
52
54
35
42
34
33
7
1
2
3
14
37
36
46
56
51
45
47
80
79
101
111
97
78
70
63
1,406
1,280
1,069
435
507
247
273
311
456
418
378
437
287
379
382
382
157
173
104
79
1,542
1,388
1,151
478
566
334
360
410
576
535
505
564
427
534
535
547
289
293
209
175
2010 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
10
10
14
17
15
18
20
14
20
15
11
12
15
2,353
2,490
2,663
2,779
2,781
2,858
2,848
2,963
2,888
2,803
2,719
2,679
2,737
1,344
1,343
1,443
1,410
1,446
1,543
1,494
1,486
1,457
1,430
1,396
1,383
1,432
26
24
22
18
18
19
19
20
20
21
21
26
21
57
66
67
64
62
75
69
63
66
62
60
55
64
8,352
8,411
8,620
8,929
8,983
9,128
9,118
9,074
8,933
8,839
8,643
8,736
8,816
407
364
403
465
377
322
399
315
381
371
427
355
382
12,547
12,709
13,231
13,682
13,681
13,963
13,966
13,934
13,766
13,540
13,277
13,245
13,466
79
30
24
23
33
41
42
34
29
25
30
60
38
67
69
69
62
64
78
81
63
62
56
50
63
65
93
38
41
40
66
105
120
98
61
37
35
67
67
239
138
134
125
164
224
244
196
153
118
114
189
170
2011 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
11
14
18
10
18
17
19
18
13
16
12
10
15
2,520
2,580
2,765
2,823
2,892
3,000
2,914
3,034
2,895
2,894
2,807
2,633
2,814
1,346
1,352
1,385
1,457
1,424
1,540
1,473
1,554
1,416
1,384
1,416
1,353
1,425
27
24
23
20
20
20
20
20
20
22
23
25
22
60
59
73
66
59
61
58
67
61
50
60
54
61
8,206
8,435
8,626
8,623
8,644
8,889
8,854
8,750
8,572
8,479
8,369
8,513
8,581
421
425
346
360
363
364
226
243
378
300
308
389
343
12,591
12,889
13,235
13,360
13,420
13,891
13,562
13,686
13,355
13,143
12,996
12,977
13,260
43
33
29
33
31
32
36
26
24
24
25
28
30
85
75
82
54
55
70
81
73
73
52
40
56
66
56
37
37
46
41
43
52
44
33
32
32
31
41
184
144
147
133
128
145
169
143
130
107
97
116
137
2012 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
12
11
14
14
17
13
20
13
15
14
14
2,445
2,562
2,644
2,790
2,852
2,912
2,889
2,931
2,839
2,892
2,776
1,313
1,350
1,382
1,359
1,409
1,545
1,468
1,469
1,379
1,341
1,401
24
23
22
20
21
20
20
21
22
23
22
62
67
54
59
56
52
51
54
50
54
56
8,026
8,452
8,463
8,644
8,819
8,857
8,646
8,955
8,407
8,529
8,580
295
285
311
314
212
265
301
251
219
198
265
12,179
12,752
12,889
13,200
13,385
13,664
13,395
13,694
12,930
13,051
13,115
26
23
19
26
29
29
28
23
22
24
25
63
55
31
27
33
37
40
41
43
36
41
34
27
29
28
29
45
53
39
30
32
35
123
105
79
80
91
111
121
102
94
92
100

15
15
2,833
2,744
1,434
1,440
22
21
61
65
8,609
8,841
342
380
13,315
13,507
31
36
70
67
42
70
143
174
a Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS

the public. Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only; beginning in 1989, data
are for electric utilities and independent power producers.
"Industrial Sector, Other" on Table 3.7b.
d Finished motor gasoline. Beginning in 1993, also includes fuel ethanol
e Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. Through 2000, electric utility data also include small
amounts of kerosene and jet fuel.
f Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. Through 2000, electric utility data also include a small
amount of fuel oil no. 4.
Notes: Transportation sector data are estimates. For total petroleum
consumption by all sectors, see petroleum products supplied data in Table 3.5.
Petroleum products supplied is an approximation of petroleum consumption and is
synonymous with the term "petroleum consumption" in Tables 3.7a3.8c. See
Note 7, "Petroleum Products Supplied and Petroleum Consumption," at end of
55
Figure 3.8
Heat Content of Petroleum Consumption by Sector, Selected Products

(Quadrillion Btu)
Residential and Commercial Sectors,a 1973-2011
Residential and Commercial Sectors,a Monthly

0.20
Distillate
Fuel Oil
0.15
Distillate Fuel Oil
0.10
Residual
Fuel Oil
0.05
LPGb
LPGb
Kerosene
Residual Fuel Oil
0.00
J F MA M J J A SOND J F MA M J J A S OND J F MA M J J A S OND
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Industrial Sector,a 1973-2011
2010
2011
2012
Industrial Sector,a Monthly

0.3
2.5
b
LPG
Distillate
Fuel Oil
2.0
LPGb
0.2
1.5
1.0
0.1
0.5
Asphalt and
Road Oil
Distillate Fuel Oil

Asphalt and
Road Oil
0.0
0.0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Transportation Sector, 1973-2011
2010
2011
2012
Transportation Sector, Monthly

1.8
20
Motor Gasolinec
15
Motor Gasolinec
1.2
10
0.6

Jet Fuele
0.0
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
a
Includes combined-heat-and-power plants and a small number of
b
c
d
Beginning in 2009, includes renewable diesel fuel (including bio-
56
Jet Fuele
2010
2011
2012
diesel) blended into distillate fuel oil.

e
Table 3.8a Heat Content of Petroleum Consumption: Residential and Commercial Sectors
(Trillion Btu)
Commercial Sectora
Residential Sector
Distillate
Fuel Oil
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Kerosene
Liquefied
Petroleum
Gases
Total
Distillate
Fuel Oil
Kerosene
Liquefied
Petroleum
Gases
Motor
Gasolineb
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
2,003
1,807
1,316
1,092
978
905
926
874
772
828
905
908
860
905
924
854
712
726
669
602
227
161
107
159
64
74
89
93
108
111
95
95
60
70
85
84
66
44
21
28
570
512
311
314
352
395
469
455
424
526
555
526
537
544
512
513
446
484
553
547
2,800
2,479
1,734
1,565
1,394
1,374
1,484
1,422
1,304
1,465
1,554
1,529
1,457
1,519
1,520
1,451
1,224
1,254
1,243
1,176
644
587
518
631
536
479
483
444
429
438
491
508
444
481
470
447
401
384
372
413
65
49
41
33
12
22
21
25
31
27
30
31
16
19
20
22
15
9
4
4
147
129
88
95
102
109
122
120
118
140
150
143
141
157
152
131
123
121
158
139
87
89
107
96
111
18
27
43
39
28
45
37
45
60
45
46
49
61
46
53
2010 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Total ........................
83
77
49
34
37
43
34
31
27
42
47
78
583
2
4
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
6
6
29
55
47
46
37
39
39
41
42
42
44
43
55
530
140
128
96
72
78
83
78
74
70
88
96
140
1,142
58
54
34
24
26
30
24
21
19
30
33
55
410
(s)
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
1
5
14
13
12
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
11
15
140
2011 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Total ........................
72
68
52
34
23
35
33
45
47
53
59
78
599
2
6
3
1
(s)
1
1
1
1
(s)
1
2
18
57
47
50
41
43
41
42
44
41
46
48
54
554
132
121
105
76
67
76
76
89
89
99
107
134
1,171
51
48
36
24
17
25
23
31
33
37
41
55
422
(s)
1
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
3
2012 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
10-Month Total .......
85
67
58
41
42
42
41
51
40
36
501
(s)
3
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
5
51
47
46
41
45
42
44
45
45
49
455
136
116
104
83
87
84
85
96
85
86
961
60
47
41
29
30
30
29
36
28
25
353
2011 10-Month Total .......

2010 10-Month Total .......
462
457
16
17
452
432
930
906
326
322
a Commercial
sector
fuel
use,
including
that
at
commercial
combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial electricity-only plants.
NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu and greater than -0.5 trillion Btu.
Notes: Data are estimates. For total heat content of petroleum consumption
by all sectors, see data for heat content of petroleum products supplied in Table
3.6. Petroleum products supplied is an approximation of petroleum consumption
Petroleum
Coke
NA
NA
NA
NA
Residual
Fuel Oil
Total
0
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
665
492
565
228
230
141
137
111
85
73
92
70
80
111
122
116
75
75
73
76
1,607
1,346
1,318
1,083
991
769
790
743
702
707
807
790
726
828
810
762
664
651
653
685
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
5
55
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
0
0
0
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
11
10
6
5
5
6
5
4
4
6
6
10
77
89
82
58
43
47
51
45
42
39
52
56
86
688
15
12
13
11
11
11
11
12
11
12
13
14
146
4
4
5
4
5
5
5
5
4
5
4
5
54
(s)
(s)
(s)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(s)
(s)
(s)
8
8
6
4
3
4
4
5
5
6
7
9
69
79
74
61
44
35
44
43
53
54
60
65
83
695
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
13
12
12
11
12
11
12
12
12
13
120
4
4
5
4
5
5
5
5
4
5
45
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
0
0
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
10
8
7
5
5
5
5
6
5
4
58
87
72
64
49
51
50
50
59
49
47
577
3
3
119
114
45
46
(s)
(s)
54
61
546
546
and is synonymous with the term "petroleum consumption" in Tables 3.7a3.8c.

See Note 7, "Petroleum Products Supplied and Petroleum Consumption," at end
57
Table 3.8b Heat Content of Petroleum Consumption: Industrial Sector

(Trillion Btu)
Industrial Sectora
Asphalt
and
Road Oil
Distillate
Fuel Oil
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
1,264
1,014
962
1,029
1,170
1,178
1,176
1,224
1,263
1,324
1,276
1,257
1,240
1,220
1,304
1,323
1,261
1,197
1,012
873
1,469
1,339
1,324
1,119
1,150
1,131
1,187
1,203
1,211
1,187
1,200
1,300
1,204
1,136
1,214
1,264
1,263
1,265
1,277
1,107
156
119
181
44
12
15
18
19
22
13
16
23
14
24
28
39
30
13
4
4
1,215
1,123
1,559
1,664
1,582
1,990
2,054
2,100
2,016
2,217
2,228
2,014
2,160
2,030
2,141
2,009
2,104
2,106
1,823
1,950
195
149
182
166
186
178
173
182
191
193
190
174
172
159
161
160
156
161
150
135
255
223
158
218
185
200
200
212
199
152
150
295
309
324
372
356
376
306
250
244
2010 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Total ........................
42
46
54
66
78
103
97
110
92
89
59
42
878
87
87
124
109
85
75
60
98
123
99
116
126
1,188
(s)
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
2
7
222
193
186
149
156
154
163
165
164
175
171
225
2,121
11
12
13
12
12
14
14
12
13
12
12
11
149
2011 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Total ........................
45
46
58
62
73
90
96
112
92
87
59
38
859
129
96
138
98
100
100
55
96
97
106
123
82
1,221
1
1
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
4
229
191
199
162
170
161
167
173
162
184
191
217
2,205
2012 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
44
42
49
65
78
90
95
100
88
76
727
100
122
90
86
85
66
46
55
76
105
830
(s)
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
2011 10-Month Total .......

2010 10-Month Total .......
762
777
1,015
946
4
4
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Kerosene
Liquefied
Petroleum
Gases
Residual
Fuel Oil
Otherc
Total
558
540
516
575
714
721
757
727
858
936
796
858
842
825
934
889
934
906
868
799
1,858
1,509
1,349
748
411
337
335
291
230
207
241
203
190
220
249
281
239
193
198
106
2,114
2,109
3,278
2,152
2,839
2,837
3,121
3,298
3,093
3,129
2,979
3,056
3,040
3,264
3,428
3,318
3,416
3,313
2,941
2,611
9,083
8,127
9,509
7,714
8,251
8,588
9,020
9,256
9,083
9,357
9,076
9,181
9,171
9,202
9,831
9,640
9,780
9,461
8,523
7,829
23
21
23
23
24
24
25
25
23
24
23
24
281
38
45
67
58
51
60
57
69
67
52
61
57
682
11
10
11
11
10
8
10
8
10
10
11
10
120
215
202
252
251
240
237
242
259
227
215
227
233
2,800
650
615
730
681
657
676
667
747
719
676
680
729
8,227
12
11
14
13
12
12
11
13
12
10
12
11
142
22
21
23
23
23
23
24
24
22
23
22
23
274
51
37
50
55
67
56
54
73
50
64
61
32
648
12
10
9
9
10
9
6
7
10
8
8
10
109
227
190
250
224
194
209
245
234
224
220
239
220
2,676
729
603
743
646
649
660
658
731
669
702
715
634
8,139
203
188
184
164
178
163
172
180
177
198
1,806
12
13
11
11
11
10
10
11
10
11
109
22
21
23
23
24
23
23
24
22
23
229
57
42
55
56
64
61
56
69
57
53
568
8
7
8
8
6
7
8
7
6
5
68
238
219
209
201
217
211
232
233
190
241
2,192
684
655
628
614
662
631
642
678
625
712
6,532
1,797
1,726
120
127
229
235
555
563
91
99
2,218
2,341
6,790
6,818
a Industrial sector fuel use, including that at industrial combined-heat-and-power

(CHP) and industrial electricity-only plants.
c Pentanes plus, petrochemical feedstocks, special naphthas, still gas (refinery
(s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu and greater than -0.5 trillion Btu.
58
Lubricants
Motor
Gasolineb
Petroleum
Coke
Notes: Data are estimates. For total heat content of petroleum consumption
by all sectors, see data for heat content of petroleum products supplied in Table
3.6. Petroleum products supplied is an approximation of petroleum consumption
and is synonymous with the term "petroleum consumption" in Tables 3.7a3.8c.
See Note 7, "Petroleum Products Supplied and Petroleum Consumption," at end
Table 3.8c Heat Content of Petroleum Consumption: Transportation and Electric Power
Sectors (Trillion Btu)
Electric Power Sectora
Aviation
Gasoline
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Distillate
Fuel Oilb
Jet
Fuelc
Liquefied
Petroleum
Gases
Lubricants
Motor
Gasolined
Residual
Fuel Oil
Total
Distillate
Fuel Oile
Petroleum
Coke
Residual
Fuel Oilf
Total
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
83
71
64
50
45
40
37
40
35
39
36
35
34
30
31
35
33
32
28
27
2,222
2,121
2,795
3,170
3,661
4,195
4,469
4,672
4,812
5,001
5,165
5,292
5,392
5,666
5,932
6,076
6,414
6,457
6,020
5,528
2,131
2,029
2,179
2,497
3,129
3,132
3,274
3,308
3,357
3,462
3,580
3,426
3,340
3,265
3,383
3,475
3,379
3,358
3,193
2,883
49
43
18
30
23
18
16
14
18
14
12
14
14
17
19
28
27
22
40
28
163
155
172
156
176
168
163
172
180
182
179
164
162
150
152
151
147
152
141
127
12,455
12,485
12,383
12,784
13,575
14,607
14,837
14,999
15,463
15,855
15,960
16,041
16,465
16,597
16,962
17,043
17,197
17,321
16,872
16,837
727
711
1,398
786
1,016
911
851
712
674
665
888
586
677
571
740
837
906
994
920
810
17,832
17,615
19,009
19,472
21,626
23,070
23,648
23,918
24,538
25,219
25,820
25,557
26,085
26,297
27,219
27,645
28,105
28,335
27,214
26,240
273
226
169
85
97
108
109
111
136
140
175
171
127
161
111
115
74
89
73
70
15
2
5
7
30
81
80
102
124
112
99
103
175
175
222
243
214
171
154
139
3,226
2,937
2,459
998
1,163
566
628
715
1,047
959
871
1,003
659
869
879
876
361
397
240
181
3,515
3,166
2,634
1,090
1,289
755
817
927
1,306
1,211
1,144
1,277
961
1,205
1,212
1,235
648
657
468
390
2010 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Total ........................
2
1
2
3
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
2
27
425
406
481
486
502
499
514
535
505
506
475
484
5,818
236
213
254
240
254
263
263
261
248
251
238
243
2,963
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
29
11
11
13
12
12
14
13
12
12
12
11
10
141
1,351
1,229
1,394
1,398
1,453
1,429
1,475
1,468
1,398
1,430
1,353
1,413
16,791
79
64
79
88
73
61
78
61
72
72
80
69
877
2,107
1,928
2,225
2,227
2,299
2,270
2,348
2,342
2,240
2,276
2,161
2,224
26,646
14
5
4
4
6
7
8
6
5
4
5
11
80
12
12
13
11
12
14
15
12
11
10
9
12
144
18
7
8
8
13
20
23
19
12
7
7
13
154
45
23
25
23
31
41
46
37
28
22
21
36
378
2011 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Total ........................
2
2
3
2
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
27
455
421
499
493
522
524
526
548
506
523
491
475
5,983
237
215
243
248
250
262
259
273
241
243
241
238
2,950
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
31
11
10
14
12
11
11
11
13
11
9
11
10
134
1,327
1,232
1,395
1,350
1,398
1,391
1,432
1,415
1,342
1,371
1,310
1,377
16,343
82
75
67
68
71
69
44
47
71
58
58
76
787
2,117
1,957
2,225
2,175
2,258
2,262
2,277
2,301
2,175
2,210
2,115
2,181
26,254
8
5
5
6
6
6
7
5
4
4
4
5
64
16
13
15
10
10
13
15
14
13
10
7
11
146
11
6
7
9
8
8
10
9
6
6
6
6
93
35
24
28
24
24
26
32
27
24
20
18
22
303
2012 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
2
2
2
2
3
2
3
2
2
2
22
442
433
477
488
515
509
522
529
496
522
4,933
231
222
243
231
248
263
258
258
235
236
2,424
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
3
2
3
25
12
12
10
11
11
9
10
10
9
10
103
1,298
1,279
1,369
1,353
1,427
1,387
1,399
1,449
1,316
1,380
13,655
58
52
61
59
41
50
59
49
41
39
508
2,045
2,002
2,165
2,146
2,246
2,222
2,252
2,300
2,102
2,191
21,670
5
4
3
4
5
5
5
4
4
4
44
12
10
6
5
6
7
7
8
8
7
74
7
5
6
5
6
9
10
8
6
6
66
23
18
15
15
17
20
23
19
17
17
185
2011 10-Month Total .......

2010 10-Month Total .......
24
24
5,017
4,859
2,471
2,482
25
24
113
120
13,656
14,025
653
727
21,958
22,261
55
64
128
123
81
135
264
322

"Industrial Sector Other" on Table 3.8b.
d Finished motor gasoline. Beginning in 1993, also includes fuel ethanol
e Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. Through 2000, electric utility data also include small
f Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. Through 2000, electric utility data also include a small
Notes: Transportation sector data are estimates. For total heat content of
petroleum consumption by all sectors, see data for heat content of petroleum
products supplied in Table 3.6. Petroleum products supplied is an approximation of
petroleum consumption and is synonymous with the term "petroleum consumption"
in Tables 3.7a3.8c. See Note 7, "Petroleum Products Supplied and Petroleum
of Columbia.
59
Petroleum
Note 1. Petroleum Survey Respondents. The U.S.
Energy Information Administration (EIA) uses a number of
sources and methods to maintain the survey respondent lists.
On a regular basis, survey managers review such industry
publications as the Oil & Gas Journal and Oil Daily for
information on facilities or companies starting up or closing
down operations. Those sources are augmented by articles
in newspapers, communications from respondents indicating
changes in status, and information received from survey
systems.
To supplement routine frames maintenance and to provide
more thorough coverage, a comprehensive frames investigation is conducted every 3 years. This investigation results in
the reassessment and recompilation of the complete frame
for each survey. The effort also includes the evaluation of
the impact of potential frame changes on the historical time
series of data from these respondents. The results of this
frame study are usually implemented in January to provide a
full year under the same frame.
In 1991, EIA conducted a frame identifier survey of companies that produce, blend, store, or import oxygenates. A
summary of the results from the identification survey was
published in the Weekly Petroleum Status Report dated
February 12, 1992, and in the February 1992 issue of the
Petroleum Supply Monthly (PSM). In order to continue to
provide relevant information about U.S. and regional
gasoline supply, EIA conducted a second frame identifier
survey of those companies during 1992. As a result, numerous respondents were added to the monthly surveys effective in January 1993. See PSM, Appendix B, Frame.
Note 2. Motor Gasoline. Beginning in January 1981, EIA
expanded its universe to include non-refinery blenders and
separated blending components from finished motor
gasoline as a reporting category. Also, survey forms were
modified to describe refinery operations more accurately.
Beginning with the reporting of January 1993 data, EIA
made adjustments to the product supplied series for finished
motor gasoline. It was recognized that motor gasoline
statistics published by EIA through 1992 were underreported because the reporting system was (1) not collecting
all fuel ethanol blending, and (2) there was a misreporting of
motor gasoline blending components that were blended into
finished gasoline. The adjustments are incorporated into
EIAs data beginning in January 1993. To facilitate data
analysis across the 19921993 period, EIA prepared a table
of 1992 data adjusted according to the 1993 basis. See
Petroleum Supply Monthly, March 1993, Table H3.
Note 3. Distillate and Residual Fuel Oils. The requirement to report crude oil in pipelines or burned on leases as
either distillate or residual fuel oil was eliminated. Prior to
January 1981, the refinery input of unfinished oils typically
exceeded the available supply of unfinished oils.
60
That discrepancy was assumed to be due to the redesignation of distillate and residual fuel oils received as such but
used as unfinished oil inputs by the receiving refinery. The
imbalance between supply and disposition of unfinished oils
would then be subtracted from the production of distillate
and residual fuel oils. Two-thirds of that difference was
subtracted from distillate and one-third from residual.
Beginning in January 1981, EIA modified its survey forms
to account for redesignated product and discontinued the
above-mentioned adjustment.
Prior to 1983, crude oil burned on leases and used at pipeline
pump stations was reported as either distillate or residual fuel
oil and was included as product supplied for these products.
Note 4. Petroleum New Stock Basis. In January 1975,
1979, 1981, and 1983, numerous respondents were added to
bulk terminal and pipeline surveys, affecting subsequent
stocks reported and stock change calculations. Using the
expanded coverage (new basis), the end-of-year stocks, in
million barrels, would have been:
Crude Oil: 1982645 (Total) and 351 (Non-SPR).
Distillate Fuel Oil:
1974224; 1980205; and
1982186.
Jet Fuel (Total): 197430; 198042; and 198239.
Liquefied Petroleum Gases:
1974113; 1978136;
1980128; and 1982102.
Propane and Propylene: 197886; 198069; and
198257.
Motor Gasoline (Total):
1974225; 1980263;
1982244.
Residual Fuel Oil: 197475; 198091; and 198269.
Total Petroleum:
19741,121; 19801,425; and
19821,461.
Stock change calculations beginning in 1975, 1979, 1981,
and 1983 were made by using new basis stock levels.
In January 1984, changes were made in the reporting of
natural gas liquids. As a result, unfractionated stream is
now reported on a component basis (ethane, propane,
normal butane, isobutane, and pentanes plus). This change
affects stocks reported and stock change calculations.
Under the new basis, 1983 end-of-year stocks, in million
barrels, would have been 108 for liquefied petroleum gases,
and 55 for propane and propylene.
In January 1993, changes were made in the monthly surveys
to begin collecting bulk terminal and pipeline stocks of
oxygenates. This change affected stocks reported and stock
change calculations. However, a new basis stock level was
not calculated for 1992 end-of-year stocks.
Note 5. Stocks of Alaskan Crude Oil. Stocks of Alaskan
crude oil in transit were included for the first time in
January 1981. The major impact of this change is on the
reporting of stock change calculations. Using the expanded
coverage (new basis), 1980 end-of-year stocks, in million
barrels, would have been 488 (Total) and 380 (Non-SPR).
Note 6. Petroleum Data Discrepancies. Due to differences internal to EIA data processing systems, some small
discrepancies exist between data in the Monthly Energy
Review and the Petroleum Supply Annual (PSA) and Petroleum Supply Monthly (PSM). The data that have discrepancies are footnoted in Section 3 tables. The corresponding
PSA/PSM values, in thousand barrels per day, are: Natural
Gas Plant Liquids Production, 1976: 1,603; Total Exports,
1979: 472; Petroleum Products Exports, 1979: 237; and
SPR Crude Oil Imports, 1978: 162.
Note 7. Petroleum Products Supplied and Petroleum
Consumption. Total petroleum products supplied is the
sum of the products supplied for each petroleum product,
crude oil, unfinished oils, and gasoline blending components. For each of these except crude oil, product supplied
is calculated by adding refinery production, natural gas
plant liquids production, new supply of other liquids,
imports, and stock withdrawals, and subtracting stock
additions, refinery inputs, and exports. Crude oil product
supplied is the sum of crude oil burned on leases and at
pipeline pump stations as reported on Form EIA-813,
Monthly Crude Oil Report. Prior to 1983, crude oil
burned on leases and used at pipeline pump stations was
reported as either distillate or residual fuel oil and was
included as product supplied for these products. Petroleum product supplied (see Tables 3.5 and 3.6) is an
approximation of petroleum consumption and is synonymous with the term Petroleum Consumption in Tables
3.7a3.8c.
Table 3.1 Sources

19731975: Bureau of Mines, Mineral Industry Surveys,
Petroleum Statement, Annual, annual reports.
19761980:
(EIA), Energy Data Reports, Petroleum Statement, Annual,
annual reports.
19812001: EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual (PSA), annual
reports.
2002 forward: EIA, PSA, annual reports; Petroleum Supply
Monthly, monthly reports; revisions to crude oil production,
total field production, and adjustments (based on crude oil
production data from: State government agencies; U.S.
Department of the Interior, Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement, and predecessor agencies; and Form
EIA-182, Domestic Crude Oil First Purchase Report);
and, for the current two months, Weekly Petroleum Status
Report data system and Monthly Energy Review data system
calculations.
Table 3.6 Sources

Asphalt and Road Oil, Aviation Gasoline, Distillate Fuel
Oil, Kerosene, Propane, Lubricants, Petroleum Coke,
and Residual Fuel Oil
Product supplied data in thousand barrels per day for these

petroleum products are from Table 3.5, and are converted to
trillion Btu by multiplying by the appropriate heat content
factors in Table A1.
Jet Fuel
Product supplied data in thousand barrels per day for
kerosene-type jet fuel and, through 2004, naphtha-type jet
fuel are from the U.S. Energy Information Administrations
(EIA) Petroleum Supply Annual (PSA), Petroleum Supply
Monthly (PSM), and earlier publications (see sources for
Table 3.5). These data are converted to trillion Btu by multiplying by the appropriate heat content factors in Table A1.
Total jet fuel product supplied is the sum of the data in trillion
Btu for kerosene-type and naphtha-type jet fuel.
Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) Total
Prior to the current two months, product supplied data in
thousand barrels per day for the component products of
LPG
(ethane/ethylene,
propane/propylene,
normal
butane/butylene, and isobutane/isobutylene) are from the
PSA, PSM, and earlier publications (see sources for Table
3.5). These data are converted to trillion Btu by multiplying
by the appropriate heat content factors in Table A1. Total
LPG product supplied is the sum of the data in trillion Btu
for the LPG component products.
For the current two months, product supplied data in
thousand barrels per day for total LPG are from Table 3.5,
and are converted to trillion Btu by multiplying by the LPG
heat content factors in Table A3.
Motor Gasoline
Product supplied data in thousand barrels per day for motor
gasoline are from Table 3.5, and are converted to trillion Btu
by multiplying by the motor gasoline heat content factors in
Table A3.
Other Petroleum Products
Prior to the current two months, product supplied data in
thousand barrels per day for other petroleum products
are from the PSA, PSM, and earlier publications (see
sources for Table 3.5). Other petroleum products
include pentanes plus, petrochemical feedstocks, special
naphthas, still gas (refinery gas), waxes, and miscellaneous products; beginning in 1981, also includes negative
barrels per day of distillate and residual fuel oil reclassified as unfinished oils, and other products (from both
primary and secondary supply) reclassified as gasoline
blending components; beginning in 1983, also includes
crude oil burned as fuel; and beginning in 2005, also
includes naphtha-type jet fuel. These data are converted
to trillion Btu by multiplying by the appropriate heat
content factors in MER Table A1. Total Other petroleum product supplied is the sum of the data in trillion
Btu for the individual products.
For the current two months, total Other petroleum
products supplied is calculated by first estimating total
61
petroleum products supplied (product supplied data in

thousand barrels per day for total petroleum from Table 3.5
are converted to trillion Btu by multiplying by the total
petroleum consumption heat content factor in Table A3),
and then subtracting data in trillion Btu (from Table 3.6) for
asphalt and road oil, aviation gasoline, distillate fuel oil, jet
fuel, kerosene, total LPG, lubricants, motor gasoline, petroleum coke, and residual fuel oil.
Total Petroleum
Total petroleum products supplied is the sum of the data in
trillion Btu for the products (except Propane) shown in
Table. 3.6.
Tables 3.7a3.7c Sources

Petroleum consumption data in these tables are derived from
data for petroleum products supplied from the following
sources:
19731975: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of
Mines, Mineral Industry Surveys, "Petroleum Statement,
Annual."
19761980: U.S. Energy Information Administrations
(EIA), Energy Data Reports, "Petroleum Statement,
Annual."
19812011: EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual.
2012: EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly.
Energy-use allocation procedures by individual product are
as follows:
Asphalt and Road Oil
All consumption of asphalt and road oil is assigned to the
industrial sector.
Aviation Gasoline
All consumption of aviation gasoline is assigned to the
transportation sector.
Distillate Fuel Oil
Distillate fuel oil consumption is assigned to the sectors as
follows:
Distillate Fuel Oil Consumed by the Electric Power
Sector
See sources for Table 7.4b. For 19731979, electric utility
consumption of distillate fuel oil is assumed to be the
amount of petroleum (minus small amounts of kerosene
and kerosene-type jet fuel deliveries) consumed in gas
turbine and internal combustion plants. For 19802000,
electric utility consumption of distillate fuel oil is assumed
to be the amount of light oil (fuel oil nos. 1 and 2, plus
small amounts of kerosene and jet fuel) consumed.
Distillate Fuel Oil Consumed by the End-Use Sectors,
Annually
The aggregate end-use amount is total distillate fuel oil
supplied minus the amount consumed by the electric power
62
sector. The end-use total consumed annually is allocated to

the individual end-use sectors (residential, commercial,
industrial, and transportation) in proportion to each
sectors share of sales as reported in EIA's Fuel Oil and
Kerosene Sales (Sales) report series (DOE/EIA-0535),
which is based primarily on data collected by Form
EIA-821, Annual Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales Report
(previously Form EIA-172). Shares for the current year are
based on the most recent Sales report.
Following are notes on the individual sector groupings:
Since 1979, the residential sector sales total is directly
from the Sales reports. Prior to 1979, each year's sales
subtotal of the heating plus industrial category is split into
residential, commercial, and industrial (including farm) in
proportion to the 1979 shares.
Since 1979, the commercial sector sales total is directly
subtotal of the heating plus industrial category is split into
residential, commercial, and industrial (including farm) in
proportion to the 1979 shares.
Since 1979, the industrial sector sales total is the sum of
the sales for industrial, farm, oil company, off-highway
diesel, and all other uses. Prior to 1979, each year's sales
subtotal of the heating plus industrial category is split
into residential, commercial, and industrial (including
farm) in proportion to the 1979 shares, and this estimated
industrial portion is added to oil company, off-highway
diesel, and all other uses.
The transportation sector sales total is the sum of the sales
for railroad, vessel bunkering, on-highway diesel, and
military uses for all years.
Distillate Fuel Oil Consumed by the End-Use Sectors,
Monthly
Residential sector and commercial sector monthly
consumption is estimated by allocating the annual
estimates, which are described above, into the months in
proportion to each month's share of the year's sales of
No. 2 heating oil. (For each month of the current year,
the residential and commercial consumption increase
from the same month in the previous year is based on the
percent increase in that months No. 2 heating oil sales
from the same month in the previous year.) The years
No. 2 heating oil sales totals are from the following
sources: for 19731980, the Ethyl Corporation, Monthly
Report of Heating Oil Sales; for 1981 and 1982, the
American Petroleum Institute, Monthly Report of Heating
Oil Sales; and for 1983 forward, EIA, Form EIA-782A,
"Refiners'/Gas Plant Operators' Monthly Petroleum
Product Sales Report," No. 2 Fuel Oil Sales to End Users
and for Resale.
The transportation highway use portion is allocated into
the months in proportion to each month's share of the
year's total sales for highway use as reported by the

Federal Highway Administration's Table MF-25,
"Private and Commercial Highway Use of Special Fuels
by Months." After 1993, the sales-for-highway-use data
are no longer available as a monthly series; the 1993
data are used for allocating succeeding year's totals into
months.
A distillate fuel oil balance is calculated as total distillate
fuel oil supplied minus the amount consumed by the electric
power sector, residential sector, commercial sector, and for
highway use.
Industrial sector monthly consumption is estimated by
multiplying each months distillate fuel oil balance by the
annual industrial consumption share of the annual distillate
fuel oil balance.
Total transportation sector monthly consumption is
estimated as total distillate fuel oil supplied minus the
amount consumed by the residential, commercial, industrial,
and electric power sectors.
Jet Fuel
Through 1982, small amounts of kerosene-type jet fuel were
consumed by the electric power sector. Kerosene-type jet
fuel deliveries to the electric power sector as reported on
Form FERC-423 (formerly Form FPC-423) were used as
estimates of this consumption. Through 2004, all remaining
jet fuel (kerosene-type and naphtha-type) is consumed by
the transportation sector. Beginning in 2005, kerosene-type
jet fuel is consumed by the transportation sector, while
naphtha-type jet fuel is classified under Other Petroleum
Products, which is assigned to the industrial sector.
Kerosene
Kerosene product supplied is allocated to the individual
end-use sectors (residential, commercial, and industrial)
in proportion to each sectors share of sales as reported in
EIA's Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales (Sales) report series
(DOE/EIA-0535), which is based primarily on data
collected by Form EIA-821, Annual Fuel Oil and
Kerosene Sales Report (previously Form EIA-172).
Since 1979, the residential sector sales total is directly from
the Sales reports. Prior to 1979, each year's sales category
called "heating" is allocated to the residential, commercial,
and industrial sectors in proportion to the 1979 shares.
Since 1979, the commercial sector sales total is directly
category called "heating" is allocated to the residential,
commercial, and industrial sectors in proportion to the 1979
shares.
Since 1979, the industrial sector sales total is the sum of the
sales for industrial, farm, and all other uses. Prior to 1979,
each year's sales category called "heating" is allocated to the
residential, commercial and industrial sectors in proportion
to the 1979 shares, and the estimated industrial (including

farm) portion is added to all other uses.
Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG)
The annual shares of LPG's total consumption that are
estimated to be used by each sector are applied to each
month's total LPG consumption to create monthly sector
consumption estimates. The annual sector shares are
calculated as described below.
Sales of LPG to the residential and commercial sectors
combined are converted from thousand gallons per year to
thousand barrels per year and are assumed to be the
annual consumption of LPG by the combined sectors.
Since 2003, residential sector LPG consumption is
assumed to equal propane retail sales, with the remainder
of the combined residential and commercial LPG
consumption being assigned to the commercial sector.
Prior to 2003, residential sector LPG consumption is based on
the average of the State residential shares for 20032008, with
the remainder of the combined residential and commercial LPG
consumption being assigned to the commercial sector.
The quantity of LPG sold each year for consumption in
internal combustion engines is allocated between the transportation and industrial sectors on the basis of data for
special fuels used on highways published by the U.S.
Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, in Highway Statistics. The allocations of LPG sold
for internal combustion engine use to the transportation
sector range from a low of 20 percent (in 2001) to a high of
78 percent (in 2008).
LPG consumed annually by the industrial sector is estimated
as the difference between LPG total product supplied and
the sum of the estimated LPG consumption by the residential, commercial, and transportation sectors. The industrial
sector LPG consumption includes LPG used by chemical
plants as raw materials or solvents and used in the production of synthetic rubber; refinery fuel use; use as synthetic
natural gas feedstock and use in secondary recovery
projects; all farm use; LPG sold to gas utility companies for
distribution through the mains; and a portion of the use of
LPG as an internal combustion engine fuel.
Sources of the annual sales data for creating annual energy
shares are:
19731982: EIA's "Sales of Liquefied Petroleum Gases
and Ethane" reports, based primarily on data collected by
Form EIA-174, Sales of Liquefied Petroleum Gases.
1983: End-use consumption estimates for 1983 are based
on 1982 end-use consumption because the collection of data
under Form EIA-174 was discontinued after data year 1982.
1984 forward: American Petroleum Institute (API), "Sales
of Natural Gas Liquids and Liquefied Refinery Gases,"
which is based on an LPG sales survey jointly sponsored
by API, the Gas Processors Association, and the National
Liquefied Petroleum Gas Association. EIA adjusts the data
63
to remove quantities of pentanes plus and to estimate

withheld values.
Lubricants
The consumption of lubricants is allocated to the industrial
and transportation sectors for all months according to proportions developed from annual sales of lubricants to the two
sectors from U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the
Census, Current Industrial Reports, "Sales of Lubricating and
Industrial Oils and Greases." The 1973 shares are applied to
1973 and 1974; the 1975 shares are applied to 1975 and 1976;
and the 1977 shares are applied to 1977 forward.
Motor Gasoline
The total monthly consumption of motor gasoline is
allocated to the sectors in proportion to aggregations of
annual sales categories created on the basis of the U.S.
Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics, Tables MF-21, MF-24, and
MF-25, as follows:
Commercial sales are the sum of sales for public
non-highway use and miscellaneous and unclassified uses.
Industrial sales are the sum of sales for agriculture,
construction, and industrial and commercial use as classified in the Highway Statistics.
Transportation sales are the sum of sales for highway use
(minus the sales of special fuels, which are primarily diesel
fuel and are accounted for in the transportation sector of
distillate fuel) and sales for marine use.
Petroleum Coke
Portions of petroleum coke are consumed by the electric
power sector (see sources for Table 7.4b) and the commercial
sector (see sources for Table 7.4c). The remaining petroleum
coke is assigned to the industrial sector.
Residual Fuel Oil
Residual fuel oil consumption is assigned to the sectors as
follows:
Residual Fuel Oil Consumed by the Electric Power
Sector
See sources for Table 7.4b. For 19731979, electric utility
consumption of residual fuel oil is assumed to be the
amount of petroleum consumed in steam-electric power
plants. For 19802000, electric utility consumption of
residual fuel oil is assumed to be the amount of heavy oil
(fuel oil nos. 4, 5, and 6) consumed.
Residual Fuel Oil Consumed by the End-Use Sectors,
Annually
The aggregate end-use amount is total residual fuel oil
supplied minus the amount consumed by the electric
power sector. The end-use total consumed annually is
allocated to the individual end-use sectors (commercial,
industrial, and transportation) in proportion to each
64
sectors share of sales as reported in EIAs Fuel Oil and

Kerosene Sales (Sales) report series (DOE/EIA-535),
which is based primarily on data collected by Form
EIA-821, Annual Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales Report
(previously Form EIA-172). Shares for the current year
are based on the most recent Sales report.
Following are notes on the individual sector groupings:
Since 1979, commercial sales data are directly from the
Sales reports. Prior to 1979, each year's sales subtotal of
the heating plus industrial category is allocated to the
commercial and industrial sectors in proportion to the
1979 shares.
Since 1979, industrial sales data are the sum of sales for
industrial, oil company, and all other uses. Prior to 1979,
each year's sales subtotal of the heating plus industrial
category is allocated to the commercial and industrial
sectors in proportion to the 1979 shares, and the
estimated industrial portion is added to oil company and
all other uses.
Transportation sales are the sum of sales for railroad,
vessel bunkering, and military uses for all years.
Residual Fuel Oil Consumed by the End-Use Sectors,
Monthly
Commercial sector monthly consumption is estimated by
allocating the annual estimates, which are described
above, into the months in proportion to each month's
share of the year's sales of No. 2 heating oil. (For each month
of the current year, the consumption increase from the same
month in the previous year is based on the percent increase in
that months No. 2 heating oil sales from the same month in
the previous year.) The years' No. 2 heating oil sales totals
are from the following sources: for 19731980, the Ethyl
Corporation, Monthly Report of Heating Oil Sales; for 1981
and 1982, the American Petroleum Institute, Monthly Report
of Heating Oil Sales; and for 1983 forward, EIA, Form
EIA-782A, "Refiners'/Gas Plant Operators' Monthly Petroleum Product Sales Report," No. 2 Fuel Oil Sales to End
Users and for Resale.
A residual fuel oil balance is calculated as total residual
fuel oil supplied minus the amount consumed by the
electric power sector, commercial sector, and by industrial
combined-heat-and-power plants (see sources for Table
7.4c).
Transportation sector monthly consumption is estimated by
multiplying each months residual fuel oil balance by the
annual transportation consumption share of the annual residual fuel oil balance.
Total industrial sector monthly consumption is estimated as
total residual fuel oil supplied minus the amount consumed by
the commercial, transportation, and electric power sectors.

Consumption of all remaining petroleum products is
assigned to the industrial sector.
Other petroleum
products include pentanes plus, petrochemical feedstocks,
special naphthas, still gas (refinery gas), waxes, and
miscellaneous products. Beginning in 1981, also includes
negative barrels per day of distillate and residual fuel oil
reclassified as unfinished oils, and other products (from
both primary and secondary supply) reclassified as
gasoline blending components. Beginning in 1983, also
includes crude oil burned as fuel. Beginning in 2005, also
includes naphtha-type jet fuel.
the residential (Table 3.8a), commercial (Table 3.8a), and

transportation (Table 3.8c) sectors from total LPG
consumption (Table 3.6).
Table 3.8a Sources
Total Petroleum
Industrial sector total petroleum consumption is the sum of
the data in trillion Btu for the petroleum products shown in
Table 3.8b.
Distillate Fuel Oil, Kerosene, Petroleum Coke, and

Residual Fuel Oil
Residential and/or commercial sector consumption data in
thousand barrels per day for these petroleum products are
from Table 3.7a, and are converted to trillion Btu by
multiplying by the appropriate heat content factors in
Table A1.
Residential and commercial sector consumption data in
thousand barrels per day for LPG are from Table 3.7a, and
are converted to trillion Btu by multiplying by the propane
heat content factor in Table A1.
Motor Gasoline
Commercial sector consumption data in thousand barrels per
day for motor gasoline are from Table 3.7a, and are
converted to trillion Btu by multiplying by the motor
gasoline heat content factors in Table A3.
Total Petroleum
Residential sector total petroleum consumption is the sum of
the data in trillion Btu for the petroleum products shown
under Residential Sector in Table 3.8a. Commercial
sector total petroleum consumption is the sum of the data in
trillion Btu for the petroleum products shown under
Commercial Sector in Table 3.8a.
Table 3.8b Sources

Asphalt and Road Oil, Distillate Fuel Oil, Kerosene,
Lubricants, Petroleum Coke, and Residual Fuel Oil
Industrial sector consumption data in thousand barrels per
day for these petroleum products are from Table 3.7b, and
are converted to trillion Btu by multiplying by the appropriate heat content factors in Table A1.
Industrial sector consumption data for LPG are calculated
by subtracting LPG consumption data in trillion Btu for
Motor Gasoline
Industrial sector consumption data in thousand barrels per
day for motor gasoline are from Table 3.7b, and are
Industrial sector Other petroleum data are equal to the
Other petroleum data in Table 3.6.
Table 3.8c Sources

Aviation Gasoline, Distillate Fuel Oil, Lubricants, Petroleum Coke, and Residual Fuel Oil
Transportation and/or electric power sector consumption
data in thousand barrels per day for these petroleum
products are from Table 3.7c, and are converted to trillion
Btu by multiplying by the appropriate heat content factors in
Table A1.
Jet Fuel
Transportation sector consumption data in thousand barrels
per day for kerosene-type jet fuel and, through 2004,
naphtha-type jet fuel (see sources for Table 3.7c) are
converted to trillion Btu by multiplying by the appropriate
heat content factors in Table A1. Total transportation sector
jet fuel consumption is the sum of the data in trillion Btu for
kerosene-type and naphtha-type jet fuel.
per day for LPG are from Table 3.7c, and are converted to
trillion Btu by multiplying by the propane heat content
factor in Table A1.
Motor Gasoline
per day for motor gasoline are from Table 3.7c, and are
Total Petroleum
Transportation sector total petroleum consumption is the
sum of the data in trillion Btu for the petroleum products
shown under Transportation Sector in Table 3.8c. Electric
power sector total petroleum consumption is the sum of the
data in trillion Btu for the petroleum products shown under
Electric Power Sector in Table 3.8c.
65
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Crude Oil and Natural Gas

Resource Development
.
4. Natural
Gas
Figure 4.1 Natural Gas

(Trillion Cubic Feet)
Overview, 1973-2011
Overview, Monthly
30
3.5
25
3.0
Consumption
Consumption
2.5
20
Dry Production
2.0
15
Dry
Production
1.5
10
1.0
5
Net Imports
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Consumption by Sector, 1973-2011
0.5
Net Imports
0.0
2010
2011
2012
Consumption by Sector, Monthly
12
1.2
Industrial
10
Residential
Electric
Power
0.9
8
Industrial
0.6
Residential
Transportation
Commercial
Electric Power
0.3
2
Commercial
Transportation
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Underground Storage, End of Year, 1973-2011
0.0
2010
2011
2012
Underground Storage, End of Month

9
Total
Total
6
6
Working Gas
Base Gas
4
Working Gas
3
2
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Base Gas
0
2010
2011
2012
Web Page: http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#naturalgas.

Sources: Tables 4.1, 4.3, and 4.4.
68
Table 4.1 Natural Gas Overview

(Billion Cubic Feet)
Gross
Withdrawalsa
Marketed
Production
(Wet)b
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
24,067
21,104
21,870
19,607
21,523
23,744
24,114
24,213
24,108
23,823
24,174
24,501
23,941
24,119
23,970
23,457
23,535
24,664
25,636
26,057
i22,648
i20,109
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
R 2,210
R 2,048
R 2,277
R 2,190
R 2,237
R 2,139
R 2,209
R 2,235
R 2,238
R 2,357
R 2,277
R 2,400
R 1,824
R 1,683
R 1,865
R 1,813
R 1,886
R 1,802
R 1,896
R 1,918
R 1,861
R 1,956
R 1,893
R 1,984
R 26,816
R 22,382
R 2,299
R 2,104
R 2,411
R 2,350
R 2,411
R 2,313
R 2,340
R 2,370
R 2,358
R 2,502
R 2,476
R 2,544
R 1,953
R 1,729
R 2,002
R 1,961
R 2,031
R 1,954
R 2,033
R 2,057
R 1,987
R 2,119
R 2,076
R 2,135
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
20,180
17,270
18,594
19,506
19,812
19,866
19,961
19,805
20,198
20,570
19,885
19,974
19,517
18,927
19,410
20,196
21,112
21,648
Extraction
Lossc
Dry Gas
Productiond
917
872
777
816
784
908
958
964
938
973
1,016
954
957
876
927
876
906
930
953
1,024
i21,731
i19,236
R 87
R 80
R 89
R 1,737
R 1,603
R 1,776
R 1,727
R 1,797
R 1,717
R 1,806
R 1,827
R 1,772
R 1,863
R 1,802
R 1,890
86
90
86
R 90
R 91
89
93
90
R 95
R 1,066
Supplemental
Gaseous
Fuelse
19,403
16,454
17,810
18,599
18,854
18,902
19,024
18,832
19,182
19,616
18,928
19,099
18,591
18,051
18,504
19,266
20,159
20,624
R 21,316
R 1,861
R 1,647
R 1,908
R 1,868
R 1,935
R 1,862
R 1,937
R 1,960
R 1,893
R 2,019
R 1,978
R 2,034
Trade
Imports
Exports
Net
Imports
Net
Storage
Withdrawalsf
NA
NA
155
126
123
110
109
103
102
98
90
86
68
68
60
64
66
63
61
65
1,033
953
985
950
1,532
2,841
2,937
2,994
3,152
3,586
3,782
3,977
4,015
3,944
4,259
4,341
4,186
4,608
3,984
3,751
77
73
49
55
86
154
153
157
159
163
244
373
516
680
854
729
724
822
963
1,072
956
880
936
894
1,447
2,687
2,784
2,837
2,993
3,422
3,538
3,604
3,499
3,264
3,404
3,612
3,462
3,785
3,021
2,679
-442
-344
23
235
-513
415
2
24
-530
172
829
-1,166
467
-197
-114
52
-436
192
34
-355
-196
-235
-640
-428
307
396
860
871
657
-119
-306
99
65
44
461
236
103
-203
2
-103
22,049
19,538
19,877
17,281
j19,174
22,207
22,609
22,737
22,246
22,405
23,333
22,239
23,027
22,277
22,403
22,014
21,699
23,104
23,277
22,910
5
5
5
5
5
5
R5
6
5
6
5
6
65
385
324
319
298
298
282
329
305
282
295
273
352
3,741
94
88
100
76
86
90
86
84
79
96
124
135
1,137
291
236
219
223
212
192
243
221
202
199
150
217
2,604
822
628
34
-364
-416
-326
-231
-190
-363
-360
77
675
-13
R -46
R9
R 109
R 102
R 19
R 61
R2
R 16
R 21
R -42
R -61
R -73
R 115
R 2,810
R 2,481
R 2,143
R 1,692
R 1,617
R 1,650
R 1,826
R 1,879
R 1,637
R 1,665
R 1,973
R 2,714
R 24,087
R5
R4
R5
R 372
R 311
R 315
R 236
R 186
R 171
R 151
R 811
R 594
R 151
R -216
R -405
R -346
R -248
R -249
R -404
R -391
R -41
R 390
R -354
R -31
R 16
R -3
R 20
R -10
R -15
R3
R -7
R 27
R -65
R -50
R -69
R 2,882
R 2,448
R 2,232
R 1,828
R 1,663
R 1,653
R 1,877
R 1,878
R 1,646
R 1,741
R 2,014
R 2,524
R -185
R 24,385
R8
R 2,750
R 2,501
R 2,124
R 1,956
R 1,871
R 1,868
R 2,071
R 2,001
R 1,798
R 28,479
R 24,036
92
R 82
R 95
R 93
R 96
R 92
R 96
R 97
R 94
R 100
R 98
R 101
R 1,134
R 22,902
5
5
5
5
5
5
R5
R 60
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
R 2,573
R 2,378
R 2,537
R 2,445
R 2,530
R 2,420
R 2,456
R 2,372
R 2,428
2,571
24,710
RE 2,149
RE 1,989
RE 2,123
RE 2,065
RE 2,139
RE 2,061
RE 2,137
RE 2,128
RE 2,086
E 2,172
E 21,051
109
102
109
105
108
103
106
107
109
114
1,073
RE 2,041
RE 1,887
RE 2,014
RE 1,960
RE 2,031
RE 1,958
RE 2,031
RE 2,021
RE 1,978
E 2,058
E 19,978
6
5
6
R4
4
5
5
5
5
5
51
281
R 270
265
243
R 259
R 260
281
281
R 258
253
2,650
130
130
141
123
133
125
118
139
R 137
140
1,318
113
1,332
545
459
-39
-137
-283
-230
-134
-168
R -291
-241
-520

23,459
22,139
19,825
18,505
936
882
18,890
17,623
50
53
2,922
3,116
1,245
878
1,677
2,238
-704
-765
a Gases withdrawn from natural gas, crude oil, coalbed, and shale gas wells.
Includes natural gas, natural gas plant liquids, and nonhydrocarbon gases; but
excludes lease condensate.
b Gross withdrawals minus repressuring, nonhydrocarbon gases removed, and
vented and flared. See Note 1, "Natural Gas Production," at end of section.
c See Note 2, "Natural Gas Extraction Loss," at end of section.
d Marketed production (wet) minus extraction loss.
e See Note 3, "Supplemental Gaseous Fuels," at end of section.
f Net withdrawals from underground storage. For 1980-2011, also includes net
withdrawals of liquefied natural gas in above-ground tanks. See Note 4, "Natural
Gas Storage," at end of section.
g See Note 5, "Natural Gas Balancing Item," at end of section. Since 1980,
excludes transit shipments that cross the U.S.-Canada border (i.e., natural gas
delivered to its destination via the other country).
h See Note 6, "Natural Gas Consumption," at end of section.
i May include unknown quantities of nonhydrocarbon gases.
5
R5
293
R 280
R 252
R 282
R 249
R 298
R 3,469
136
125
145
127
132
120
113
111
127
110
128
134
1,507
278
271
R 267
139
R 147
R 180
R 169
R 125
R 173
R 121
R 163
R 1,962
R 151
R 140
124
120
R 126
134
162
R 142
R 121
Balancing ConsumpItemg
tionh
R 10
R 19
R8
R -8
R
(s)
R7
R1
R -14
-46
-14
-65
250
1,888
20,827
19,847
19,399
j For 1989-1992, a small amount of consumption at independent power

producers may be counted in both "Other Industrial" and "Electric Power Sector" on
Table 4.3. See Note 7, "Natural Gas Consumption, 1989-1992," at end of section.
R=Revised. E=Estimate. (s)=Less than 0.5 billion cubic feet and greater than
-0.5 billion cubic feet. NA=Not available.
Notes: See Note 8, "Natural Gas Adjustments, 1993-2000," at end of section.
Web Page: See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#naturalgas for all
Sources: Imports and Exports: Table 4.2. Consumption: Table 4.3.
Balancing Item: Calculated as consumption minus dry gas production,
supplemental gaseous fuels, net imports, and net storage withdrawals. All Other
Data: 1973-2006U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), Natural Gas
Annual, annual reports. 2007 forwardEIA, Natural Gas Monthly, December
2012, Table 1.
69
Table 4.2 Natural Gas Trade by Country

Imports
Exports
Algeriaa Canadab Egypta Mexicob Nigeriaa Qatara

1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Trinidad
and
Tobagoa Othera,c
Total
Canadab
Japana
Mexicob Othera,d
Total
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
3
5
86
24
84
18
35
66
69
76
47
65
27
53
120
97
17
77
0
0
1,028
948
797
926
1,448
2,816
2,883
2,899
3,052
3,368
3,544
3,729
3,785
3,437
3,607
3,700
3,590
3,783
3,589
3,271
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
73
120
115
55
160
2
0
102
0
0
7
14
17
15
55
12
10
2
0
0
9
13
54
43
28
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13
38
8
50
12
8
57
95
12
13
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20
46
23
35
14
12
3
0
18
3
13
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
51
99
98
151
378
462
439
389
448
267
236
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
12
17
17
21
14
8
11
46
11
0
18
15
29
1,033
953
985
950
1,532
2,841
2,937
2,994
3,152
3,586
3,782
3,977
4,015
3,944
4,259
4,341
4,186
4,608
3,984
3,751
15
10
0
0
17
28
52
56
40
39
73
167
189
271
395
358
341
482
559
701
48
53
45
53
53
65
68
62
66
64
66
66
63
66
62
65
61
47
39
31
14
9
4
2
16
61
34
38
53
61
106
141
263
343
397
305
322
292
365
338
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
3
77
73
49
55
86
154
153
157
159
163
244
373
516
680
854
729
724
822
963
1,072
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
327
277
276
252
257
248
291
282
250
257
242
322
3,280
17
12
9
6
9
6
6
0
6
3
0
0
73
1
1
5
5
4
2
1
1
3
4
(s)
1
30
0
0
3
9
9
11
5
0
3
2
0
0
42
12
6
1
9
0
0
0
0
0
5
9
4
46
22
16
16
15
16
11
17
17
16
15
14
15
190
6
12
9
3
3
5
8
5
3
9
9
9
81
385
324
319
298
298
282
329
305
282
295
273
352
3,741
68
60
77
50
55
51
50
49
50
63
84
82
739
2
2
2
4
2
2
4
2
7
2
2
3
33
23
22
21
22
29
34
32
33
23
25
30
38
333
0
3
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
6
8
12
32
94
88
100
76
86
90
86
84
79
96
124
135
1,137
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R 332
3
6
6
6
3
6
0
0
0
3
0
3
35
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
(s)
(s)
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
13
0
14
4
24
5
5
8
4
8
3
4
91
16
11
10
11
8
11
13
11
8
8
12
10
129
9
15
9
13
0
6
3
9
9
12
0
9
92
R 372
85
84
98
76
80
71
64
67
77
64
84
87
937
2
2
2
2
3
2
0
2
2
0
2
0
18
37
37
41
43
44
47
47
42
39
43
39
42
500
13
3
3
6
6
0
3
0
8
3
3
5
52
136
125
145
127
132
120
113
111
127
110
128
134
1,507
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
246
235
R 243
251
265
262
R 246
242
2,507
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
4
4
6
0
3
3
3
6
31
9
11
13
1
11
8
12
16
8
5
96
3
6
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
14
265
243
R 259
R 260
281
281
R 258
253
2,650
84
87
93
78
78
64
62
77
R 80
75
777
3
2
0
0
3
2
0
2
0
2
14
40
42
46
45
52
58
57
60
58
61
518
3
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
8
130
130
141
123
133
125
118
139
R 137
140
1,318

0
0
2,612
2,716
32
73
2
29
2
42
84
33
106
161
83
63
2,922
3,116
766
573
16
28
419
265
44
12
1,245
878
R 279
R 277
245
R 236
R 239
R 273
R 250
R 231
R 251
R 233
R 272
R 3,117
265
R 250
As liquefied natural gas.

b By pipeline, except for very small amounts of liquefied natural gas imported
from Canada in 1973, 1977, and 1981 and exported to Mexico beginning in 1998.
See Note 9, "Natural Gas Imports and Exports," at end of section.
c Australia in 1997-2001 and 2004; Brunei in 2002; Equatorial Guinea in 2007;
Indonesia in 1986 and 2000; Malaysia in 1999 and 2002-2005; Norway in 2008
forward; Oman in 2000-2005; Peru in 2010 and 2011; United Arab Emirates in
1996-2000; Yemen in 2010 forward; and Other (unassigned) in 2004.
d Brazil in 2010 forward; Chile in 2011; China in 2011; India in 2010 forward;
Russia in 2007; South Korea in 2009-2011; Spain in 2010 and 2011; and United
Kingdom in 2010 and 2011.
70
R 311
R 315
278
271
R 267
293
R 280
R 252
R 282
R 249
R 298
R 3,469
281
R 270
R=Revised. (s)=Less than 500 million cubic feet.

Notes: See Note 9, "Natural Gas Imports and Exports," at end of section.
Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. U.S.
geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District of Columbia.
Sources: 1973-1987: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), Form
FPC-14, "Annual Report for Importers and Exporters of Natural Gas."
1988-2009: EIA, Natural Gas Annual, annual reports. 2010 forward: EIA,
Natural Gas Monthly, December 2012, Tables 4 and 5; and U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, "Natural Gas Imports and Exports."
Table 4.3 Natural Gas Consumption by Sector

End-Use Sectors
Industrial
Transportation
Other Industrial
Residential
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Commerciala
Lease and
Plant Fuel
CHPb
Non-CHPc
Total
Total
h
h
h
h
Pipelinesd
and Distributione
Vehicle
Fuel
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
4,879
4,924
4,752
4,433
4,391
4,850
5,241
4,984
4,520
4,726
4,996
4,771
4,889
5,079
4,869
4,827
4,368
4,722
4,892
4,779
2,597
2,508
2,611
2,432
2,623
3,031
3,158
3,215
2,999
3,045
3,182
3,023
3,144
3,179
3,129
2,999
2,832
3,013
3,153
3,119
1,496
1,396
1,026
966
1,236
1,220
1,250
1,203
1,173
1,079
1,151
1,119
1,113
1,122
1,098
1,112
1,142
1,226
1,220
1,275
( )
( )
( )
( )
1,055
1,258
1,289
1,282
1,355
1,401
1,386
1,310
1,240
1,144
1,191
1,084
1,115
1,050
955
990
8,689
6,968
7,172
5,901
i 5,963
6,906
7,146
7,229
6,965
6,678
6,757
6,035
6,287
6,007
6,066
5,518
5,412
5,604
5,715
5,178
8,689
6,968
7,172
5,901
i 7,018
8,164
8,435
8,511
8,320
8,079
8,142
7,344
7,527
7,150
7,256
6,601
6,527
6,655
6,670
6,167
10,185
8,365
8,198
6,867
8,255
9,384
9,685
9,714
9,493
9,158
9,293
8,463
8,640
8,273
8,354
7,713
7,669
7,881
7,890
7,443
728
583
635
504
660
700
711
751
635
645
642
625
667
591
566
584
584
621
648
670
NA
NA
NA
NA
(s)
5
6
8
9
12
13
15
15
18
21
23
24
25
26
27
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
R 933
R 795
R 579
499
441
337
215
161
130
120
127
133
185
287
467
R 3,103
106
98
109
R 105
R 108
R 103
107
108
107
R 113
R 109
R 115
R 1,286
90
80
84
79
82
84
91
95
87
84
82
92
1,029
R 554
R 516
R 515
R 459
R 463
R 445
R 446
R 445
R 449
R 463
R 495
R 549
R 644
R 595
R 598
R 538
R 544
R 529
R 537
R 539
R 536
R 547
R 577
R 641
R 750
R 693
R 707
R 643
R 652
R 632
R 644
R 647
R 643
R 659
R 686
R 756
80
70
60
R 47
R 45
R 46
R 51
52
45
R 46
55
R 77
R 674
R2
R 528
R 432
R 364
R 107
R 97
R 111
R 109
R 112
R 107
R 110
R 111
R 109
R 116
R 115
R 118
90
81
82
83
87
88
97
99
91
85
86
96
1,063
R 82
R 70
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
313
198
134
111
107
117
202
447
R 847
R 4,782
R 970
R 769
R 601
R 347
208
R 135
R 111
109
122
227
R 429
R 686
R 4,714
R 802
236
168
R 135
R 128
135
141
R 208
R 283
R 397
R 3,154
R 449
R 391
R 1,323
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
668
408
283
165
125
109
107
R 119
240
3,026
133
126
135
142
210
2,211
RE 118
RE 109
RE 117
RE 114
RE 118
RE 113
RE 118
RE 117
RE 115
E 120
E 1,158

3,599
3,489
2,474
2,349
1,090
1,062
263
R 211
R 151
R 5,797
R 6,826
R 8,112
R 563
R 513
R 526
R 479
R 468
R 440
R 438
R 446
R 451
R 479
R 501
R 539
R 652
R 594
R 608
R 562
R 555
R 527
R 535
R 546
R 541
R 563
R 587
R 635
R 759
R 691
R 719
R 670
R 667
R 635
R 644
R 657
R 651
R 680
R 701
R 753
R 5,842
R 6,905
R 8,227
R 554
R 522
R 506
R 483
R 472
R 463
R 463
R 478
R 470
R 652
R 612
R 596
R 570
R 565
R 557
R 564
R 576
R 563
R 771
R 721
R 713
R 684
R 683
R 671
R 682
R 693
R 678
98
90
90
87
93
94
101
98
93
95
940
497
4,908
592
5,848
881
855
4,803
4,753
5,684
5,608
a All commercial sector fuel use, including that at commercial combined-heat-and-power

(CHP) and commercial electricity-only plants. See Table 7.4c for CHP fuel use.
b Industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and a small number of industrial
c All industrial sector fuel use other than that in "Lease and Plant Fuel" and "CHP."
d Natural gas consumed in the operation of pipelines, primarily in compressors.
e Natural gas used as fuel in the delivery of natural gas to consumers.
f The electric power sector comprises electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP)
plants within the NAICS 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity
and heat, to the public.
g Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only. Beginning in 1989, data are for electric
utilities and independent power producers.
h Included in "Non-CHP."
i For 1989-1992, a small amount of consumption at independent power producers may be
counted in both "Other Industrial" and "Electric Power Sector." See Note 7, "Natural Gas
Consumption, 1989-1992," at end of section.
R=Revised. E=Estimate. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 500 million cubic feet.
Notes: Data are for natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels.
63
51
R 46
46
R 52
R 52
46
R 48
56
71
R 684
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R 29
Total
Electric
Power
Sectorf,g
Total
728
583
635
504
660
705
718
760
645
657
655
640
682
610
587
607
608
646
674
697
3,660
3,158
3,682
3,044
i 3,245
4,237
3,807
4,065
4,588
4,820
5,206
5,342
5,672
5,135
5,464
5,869
6,222
6,841
6,668
6,873
22,049
19,538
19,877
17,281
i 19,174
22,207
22,609
22,737
22,246
22,405
23,333
22,239
23,027
22,277
22,403
22,014
21,699
23,104
23,277
22,910
82
546
480
457
471
560
706
897
943
697
570
497
564
7,387
R 2,810
R 2,481
R 2,143
R 1,692
R 1,617
R 1,650
R 1,826
R 1,879
R 1,637
R 1,665
R 1,973
R 2,714
R 73
R 63
49
47
48
53
55
R 48
48
57
79
R 703
3
R2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
R 32
R 85
R 72
R 66
59
74
716
540
484
482
521
572
699
939
921
684
575
543
614
7,574
54
49
R 48
55
55
R 48
R 51
R 24,087
R 2,882
R 2,448
R 2,232
R 1,828
R 1,663
R 1,653
R 1,877
R 1,878
R 1,646
R 1,741
R 2,014
R 2,524
R 24,385
E3
E3
E3
E3
E3
E3
E3
E3
E3
E3
E 27
E 80
RE 73
E 62
RE 58
E 55
E 55
E 61
E 59
E 53
E 56
E 611
648
648
677
720
817
885
1,093
1,007
807
671
7,973
R 2,750
R 2,501
R 2,124
R 1,956
R 1,871
R 1,868
R 2,071
R 2,001
R 1,798
711
7,006
E 77
E 70
RE 60
RE 55
E 52
E 52
E 58
E 56
E 50
E 53
E 584
6,774
6,670
556
542
27
24
583
566
6,417
6,326
19,847
19,399
1,888
20,827
See Note 8, "Natural Gas Adjustments, 1993-2000," at end of section. See Note,
"Classification of Power Plants Into Energy-Use Sectors," at end of Section 7. Totals may not
equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Geographic coverage is the 50
Web Page: See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#naturalgas for all available
data beginning in 1973.
Sources: Residential, Commercial, Lease and Plant Fuel, Other Industrial Total and
Pipelines and Distribution: 1973-2006U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA),
Natural Gas Annual (NGA), annual reports and unpublished revisions. 2007 forwardEIA,
Natural Gas Monthly (NGM), December 2012, Table 2. Industrial CHP: Table 7.4c.
Vehicle Fuel:
1990 and 1991EIA, NGA 2000, (November 2001), Table 95.
1992-1998EIA, "Alternatives to Traditional Transportation Fuels 1999" (October 1999), Table
10, and "Alternatives to Traditional Transportation Fuels 2003" (February 2004), Table 10. Data
for compressed natural gas and liquefied natural gas in gasoline-equivalent gallons were
converted to cubic feet by multiplying by the motor gasoline conversion factor (see Table A3)
and dividing by the
natural gas end-use sectors conversion factor (see Table A4).
1999-2006EIA, NGA, annual reports. 2007 forwardEIA, NGM, December 2012, Table 2.
Electric Power Sector: Table 7.4b.
71
Table 4.4 Natural Gas in Underground Storage

(Volumes in Billion Cubic Feet)
Natural Gas in
Underground Storage,
End of Period
Change in Working Gas

From Same Period
Previous Year
Storage Activity
Base Gas
Working Gas
Totala
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
2,864
3,162
3,642
3,842
3,868
4,349
4,341
4,350
4,326
4,383
4,352
4,301
4,340
4,303
4,201
4,200
4,211
4,234
4,232
4,277
2,034
2,212
2,655
2,607
3,068
2,153
2,173
2,175
2,730
2,523
1,719
2,904
2,375
2,563
2,696
2,635
3,070
2,879
2,840
3,130
4,898
5,374
6,297
6,448
6,936
6,503
6,513
6,525
7,056
6,906
6,071
7,204
6,715
6,866
6,897
6,835
7,281
7,113
7,073
7,407
305
162
-99
-270
555
-453
19
2
554
-207
-806
1,185
-528
187
133
-61
435
-191
-39
290
17.6
7.9
-3.6
-9.4
22.1
-17.4
.9
.1
25.5
-7.6
-31.9
68.9
-18.2
7.9
5.2
-2.3
16.5
-6.2
-1.4
10.2
1,533
1,760
1,910
2,359
1,934
2,974
2,911
2,824
2,379
2,772
3,498
2,309
3,138
3,099
3,037
3,057
2,493
3,325
3,374
2,966
1,974
2,104
1,896
2,128
2,433
2,566
2,906
2,800
2,905
2,598
2,684
3,464
2,670
3,292
3,150
3,002
2,924
3,133
3,340
3,315
-442
-344
14
231
-499
408
6
24
-526
174
814
-1,156
468
-193
-113
55
-431
192
34
-349
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
4,276
4,278
4,278
4,278
4,279
4,287
4,287
4,290
4,294
4,305
4,309
4,301
4,301
2,304
1,683
1,652
2,011
2,420
2,740
2,966
3,153
3,508
3,851
3,769
3,111
3,111
6,580
5,961
5,930
6,289
6,699
7,027
7,253
7,443
7,801
8,156
8,078
7,412
7,412
171
-75
-7
101
45
-20
-125
-206
-138
41
-69
-19
-19
8.0
-4.2
-.4
5.3
1.9
-.7
-4.0
-6.1
-3.8
1.1
-1.8
-.6
-.6
873
657
238
68
53
64
112
137
52
52
237
731
3,274
63
38
207
427
463
385
339
323
411
407
163
66
3,291
811
619
31
-360
-410
-321
-227
-186
-359
-355
74
665
-17
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
R 4,303
R 4,302
R 4,302
R 4,304
R 4,304
R 4,302
R 4,300
R 4,300
R 4,301
R 4,302
R 4,300
R 4,302
R 4,302
R 2,306
R 1,722
R 1,577
R 1,788
R 2,187
R 6,609
R 6,024
R 5,879
R 6,092
R 6,491
R 6,831
R 7,075
R 7,319
R 7,717
R 8,106
R 8,143
R 7,764
R 7,764
R2
R 39
R -75
R .1
R 2.3
R -4.6
R -223
R -233
R -11.1
R 849
R 666
R 314
R 100
R 58
R 80
R 116
R 126
R 55
R 52
R 184
R 474
R 50
R 82
R 168
R 312
R 458
R 421
R 359
R 370
R 454
R 437
R 221
R 90
R 3,074
R 3,422
-340
-244
-244
-398
-385
R -38
R 383
-348
88
67
256
282
375
339
263
302
R 358
340
2,670
545
459
-39
-137
-283
-230
-134
-168
R -291
-241
-520
3,110
3,063
-693
-756
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
4,307
4,307
4,325
4,329
4,334
4,337
4,339
4,348
4,352
4,365

2,530
R 2,775
R 3,019
3,416
3,804
3,843
3,462
3,462
2,916
2,455
2,477
2,613
2,890
3,118
3,246
3,409
R 3,693
3,930
7,223
6,762
6,802
6,942
7,225
7,456
7,585
7,757
R 8,045
8,295
a For total underground storage capacity at the end of each calendar year, see
Note 4, "Natural Gas Storage," at end of section.
b For 1980-2011, data differ from those shown on Table 4.1, which includes
liquefied natural gas storage for that period.
c Positive numbers indicate that withdrawals are greater than injections.
Negative numbers indicate that injections are greater than withdrawals. Net
withdrawals or injections may not equal the difference between applicable ending
stocks. See Note 4, "Natural Gas Storage," at end of section.
R=Revised.
Sources:
Storage Activity: 1973-1975U.S. Energy Information

Administration (EIA), Natural Gas Annual 1994, Volume 2, Table 9.
72
Volume
Percent
Withdrawals
Injections
Netb,c
-210
R -190
R -134
-92
R -47
74
351
351
-9.6
-7.7
R -6.4
-4.2
-2.6
-1.2
2.0
11.3
11.3
R 610
R 733
R 900
R 825
R 704
R 26.5
R 42.6
R 57.1
589
R 471
R 390
R 278
126
23.3
17.0
12.9
R 8.1
3.3
633
526
217
144
92
109
129
134
R 67
99
2,150
2,417
2,307
46.1
R 32.2
799
584
R 146
-212
R -399
1976-1979EIA, Natural Gas Production and Consumption 1979, Table 1.

1980-1995EIA, Historical Natural Gas Annual 1930 Through 2000, Table 11.
1996-2006EIA, Natural Gas Monthly (NGM), monthly issues.
2007
forwardEIA, NGM, December 2012, Table 8. All Other Data: 1973 and
1974American Gas Association, Gas Facts, 1972 Data, Table 57, Gas Facts,
1973 Data, Table 57, and Gas Facts, 1974 Data, Table 40.
1975 and
1976Federal Energy Administration (FEA), Form FEA-G318-M-0, "Underground
Gas Storage Report," and Federal Power Commission (FPC), Form FPC-8,
"Underground Gas Storage Report." 1977 and 1978EIA, Form FEA-G318-M-0,
"Underground Gas Storage Report," and Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
(FERC), Form FERC-8, "Underground Gas Storage Report." 1979-1995EIA,
Form EIA-191, "Underground Gas Storage Report," and FERC, Form FERC-8,
"Underground Gas Storage Report." 1996-2006EIA, NGM, monthly issues. 2007
forwardEIA, NGM, December 2012, Table 8.
Natural Gas
Note 1. Natural Gas Production. Final annual data are
from the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
Natural Gas Annual (NGA).
Data for the two most recent months presented are
estimated. Some of the data for earlier months are also estimated or computed. For a discussion of computation and
estimation procedures, see the EIA Natural Gas Monthly
(NGM).
Monthly data are considered preliminary until after publication
of the EIA NGA. Preliminary monthly data are gathered from
reports to the Interstate Oil Compact Commission and the U.S.
Minerals Management Service. Volumetric data are converted,
as necessary, to a standard 14.73 psi pressure base. Unless
there are major changes, data are not revised until after publication of the EIA NGA.
Differences between annual data in the EIA NGA and the
sum of preliminary monthly data (JanuaryDecember) are
allocated proportionally to the months to create final
monthly data.
Note 2. Natural Gas Extraction Loss. Extraction loss is
the reduction in volume of natural gas resulting from the
removal of natural gas liquid constituents at natural gas
processing plants.
Annual data are from the EIA NGA, where they are estimated on the basis of the type and quantity of liquid products extracted from the gas stream and the calculated volume
of such products at standard conditions. For a detailed explanation of the calculations used to derive estimated extraction
losses, see the EIA NGA.
Preliminary monthly data are estimated on the basis of
extraction loss as an annual percentage of marketed
production. This percentage is applied to each months
marketed production to estimate monthly extraction loss.
Monthly data are revised and considered final after the publication of the EIA NGA. Final monthly data are estimated by
allocating annual extraction loss data to the months on the basis
of total natural gas marketed production data from the EIA
NGA.
Note 3. Supplemental Gaseous Fuels. Supplemental
gaseous fuels are any substances that, introduced into or
commingled with natural gas, increase the volume available for disposition. Such substances include, but are not
limited to, propane-air, refinery gas, coke oven gas, still
gas, manufactured gas, biomass gas, and air or inert gases
added for Btu stabilization.
Annual data beginning with 1980 are from the EIA NGA.
Unknown quantities of supplemental gaseous fuels are
included in consumption data for 1979 and earlier years.
Monthly data are considered preliminary until after the publication of the EIA NGA. Monthly estimates are based on the
annual ratio of supplemental gaseous fuels to the sum of dry
gas production, net imports, and net withdrawals from storage.
The ratio is applied to the monthly sum of the three elements
to compute a monthly supplemental gaseous fuels figure.
Although the total amount of supplemental gaseous fuels
consumed is known for 1980 forward, the amount consumed
by each energy-use sector is estimated by EIA. These estimates
are used to create natural gas (without supplemental gaseous
fuels) data for Tables 1.3, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, and 2.6 (note: to avoid
double-counting in these tables, supplemental gaseous fuels are
accounted for in their primary energy category: Coal, Petroleum, or Biomass). It is assumed that supplemental gaseous
fuels are commingled with natural gas consumed by the residential, commercial, other industrial, and electric power
sectors, but are not commingled with natural gas used for lease
and plant fuel, pipelines and distribution, or vehicle fuel. The
estimated consumption of supplemental gaseous fuels by each
sector (residential, commercial, other industrial, and electric
power) is calculated as that sectors natural gas consumption
(see Table 4.3) divided by the sum of natural gas consumption
by the residential, commercial, other industrial, and electric
power sectors (see Table 4.3), and then multiplied by total
supplemental gaseous fuels consumption (see Table 4.1). For
estimated sectoral consumption of supplemental gaseous fuels
in Btu, the residential, commercial, and other industrial values
in cubic feet are multiplied by the End-Use Sectors conversion factors (see Table A4), and the electric power values in
cubic feet are multiplied by the Electric Power Sector conversion factors (see Table A4). Total supplemental gaseous fuels
consumption in Btu is calculated as the sum of the Btu values
for the sectors.
Note 4. Natural Gas Storage. Natural gas in storage at
the end of a reporting period may not equal the quantity
derived by adding or subtracting net injections or withdrawals from the quantity in storage at the end of the previous
period. The difference is due to changes in the quantity of
native gas included in the base gas and/or losses in base gas
due to migration from storage reservoirs.
Total underground storage capacity, which includes both
active and inactive fields, at the end of each calendar year
since 1975 (first year data were available), in billion cubic
feet, was:
1975 . . . 6,280
1988 . . . 8,124
2001 . . . 8,182
1976 . . . 6,544
1989 . . . 8,120
2002 . . . 8,207
1977 . . . 6,678
1990 . . . 7,794
2003 . . . 8,206
1978 . . . 6,890
1991 . . . 7,993
2004 . . . 8,255
1979 . . . 6,929
1992 . . . 7,932
2005 . . . 8,268
1980 . . . 7,434
1993 . . . 7,989
2006 . . . 8,330
1981 . . . 7,805
1994 . . . 8,043
2007 . . . 8,402
1982 . . . 7,915
1995 . . . 7,953
2008 . . . 8,499
1983 . . . 7,985
1996 . . . 7,980
2009 . . . 8,656
1984 . . . 8,043
1997 . . . 8,332
2010 . . . 8,764
1985 . . . 8,087
1998 . . . 8,179
2011 . . . R8,849
1986 . . . 8,145
1999 . . . 8,229
1987 . . . 8,124
2000 . . . 8,241
R=Revised
73
Monthly underground storage data are collected from the

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Form FERC-8
(interstate data) and EIA Form EIA-191 (intrastate data).
Beginning in January 1991, all data are collected on the revised
Form EIA-191. Injection and withdrawal data from the FERC8/EIA-191 survey are adjusted to correspond to data from Form
EIA-176 following publication of the EIA NGA.
The final monthly and annual storage and withdrawal data
for 19802011 include both underground and liquefied
natural gas (LNG) storage. Annual data on LNG additions and withdrawals are from Form EIA-176. Monthly
data are estimated by computing the ratio of each months
underground storage additions and withdrawals to annual
underground storage additions and withdrawals and
applying the ratio to the annual LNG data.
Note 5. Natural Gas Balancing Item. The balancing item
for natural gas represents the difference between the sum of
the components of natural gas supply and the sum of
components of natural gas disposition. The differences may
be due to quantities lost or to the effects of data reporting
problems. Reporting problems include differences due to the
net result of conversions of flow data metered at varying
temperature and pressure bases and converted to a standard
temperature and pressure base; the effect of variations in
company accounting and billing practices; differences between
billing cycle and calendar period time frames; and imbalances
resulting from the merger of data reporting systems that vary
in scope, format, definitions, and type of respondents.
The increase of 0.2 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) in the Balancing Item category in 1983, followed by a decline of 0.5 Tcf
in 1984, reflected unusually large differences resulting from
the use of the annual billing cycle (essentially December 15
through the following December 14) consumption data in
conjunction with calendar year supply data. Record cold
temperatures during the last half of December 1983 resulted
in a reported 0.3 Tcf increase in net withdrawals from
underground storage for peak shaving as compared with the
same period in 1982, but the effect of this cold weather was
reflected primarily in 1984 consumption data. For underground storage data, see Table F2 in the May 1985 EIA
NGM, which was published in July 1985.
Note 6. Natural Gas Consumption. Consumption
includes use for lease and plant fuel, pipelines and distribution,
vehicle fuel, and electric power plants, as well as deliveries to
residential, commercial, and other industrial customers.
EIA-176, Annual Report of Natural and Supplemental

Gas Supply and Disposition. As a result, for 1989
through 1992, those volumes are probably included in both
the industrial and electric power sectors and doublecounted in total consumption. In 1993, 0.28 trillion cubic
feet was reported as delivered to nonutility generators.
Note 8. Natural Gas Data Adjustments, 19932000. For
19932000, the original data for natural gas delivered to
industrial consumers (now Other Industrial in Table 4.3)
included deliveries to both industrial users and independent
power producers (IPPs). These data were adjusted to
remove the estimated consumption at IPPs from Other
Industrial and include it with electric utilities under Electric Power Sector. (To estimate the monthly IPP consumption,
the monthly pattern for Other Industrial CHP in Table 4.3 was
used.)
For 19962000, monthly data for several natural gas series
shown in EIAs Natural Gas Navigator (see
http://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_cons_sum_dcu_nus_m.htm)
were not reconciled and updated to be consistent with the
final annual data in EIAs NGA. In the Monthly Energy
Review, monthly data for these series were adjusted so that
the monthly data sum to the final annual values. The Table
4.1 data series (and years) that were adjusted are: Gross
Withdrawals (1996, 1997), Marketed Production (1997),
Extraction Loss (1997, 1998, 2000), Dry Gas Production
(1996, 1997), Supplemental Gaseous Fuels (19972000),
Balancing Item (19972000), and Total Consumption (1997
2000). The Table 4.3 data series (and years) that were
adjusted are: Lease and Plant Fuel (19972000), Total Industrial (19972000), Pipelines and Distribution (2000), Total
Transportation (2000), and Total Consumption (19972000).
Note 9. Natural Gas Imports and Exports. The United
States imports natural gas via pipeline from Canada and
Mexico; and imports liquefied natural gas (LNG) via
tanker from Algeria, Australia, Brunei, Egypt, Equatorial
Guinea, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nigeria, Norway, Oman,
Peru, Qatar, Trinidad and Tobago, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. In addition, very small amounts of LNG
arrived from Canada in 1973 (667 million cubic feet),
1977 (572 million cubic feet), and 1981 (6 million cubic
feet). The United States exports natural gas via pipeline to
Canada and Mexico; and exports LNG via tanker to Brazil,
China, Chile, India, Japan, Russia, South Korea, Spain, and
United Kingdom. Also, small amounts of LNG have gone
to Mexico since 1998.
Final data for series other than Other Industrial CHP and
Electric Power Sector are from the EIA NGA. Monthly data
are considered preliminary until after publication of the EIA
NGA. For more detailed information on the methods of estimating preliminary and final monthly data, see the EIA NGM.
Annual and final monthly data are from the annual EIA
Form FPC-14, Annual Report for Importers and Exporters
of Natural Gas, which requires data to be reported by
month for the calendar year.
Note 7. Natural Gas Consumption, 19891992. Prior to

1993, deliveries to nonutility generators were not separately collected from natural gas companies on Form
Preliminary monthly data are EIA estimates. For a discussion

of estimation procedures, see the EIA NGM. Preliminary data
are revised after the publication of the EIA U.S. Imports and
Exports of Natural Gas.
74
5. Crude Oil and Natural Gas

Resource Development
Figure 5.1
Crude Oil and Natural Gas Resource Development Indicators
Rotary Rigs in Operation by Type, 1973-2012
Rotary Rigs in Operation by Type, Monthly
2.5
2.0
Thousand Rigs
Thousand Rigs
Total
2
Natural
Gas
Total
1.5
Crude Oil
1.0
Natural Gas
1
0.5
Crude Oil
0.0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Active Well Service Rig Count, Monthly
J FMAMJ J A SOND J FMAMJ J A SOND J FMAMJ J A SOND

2010
2011
20 12
Footage Drilled, Monthly

40
2.5
2012
2.0
30
Million Feet
Thousand Rigs
2010
2011
1.5
1.0
2008
2010
20
2009
10
0.5
0
0.0
J
Total Wells Drilled by Type, 1973-2010

50
Total Wells Drilled by Type, Monthly

3.5
Crude Oil
Wells
Natural Gas
Wells
30
20
Thousand Wells
3.0
40
Thousand Wells
Natural Gas
Wells
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
Crude Oil
Wells
10
0.5
0
Dry Wells
Dry Wells
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
0.0
J FMAMJ J A SOND J FMAMJ J A SOND J FMAMJ J A SOND
2008
2009
20 10
Web Page: http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#crude.

Sources: Tables 5.1 and 5.2.
76
Table 5.1 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Drilling Activity Measurements
(Number of Rigs)
Rotary Rigs in Operationa
By Site
Onshore
1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
By Type
Offshore
Crude Oil
Natural Gas
Totalb
Active
Well Service
Rig Countc
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
1,110
1,554
2,678
1,774
902
622
671
821
703
519
778
1,003
717
924
1,095
1,287
1,559
1,695
1,814
1,046
84
106
231
206
108
101
108
122
123
106
140
153
113
108
97
94
90
72
65
44
NA
NA
NA
NA
532
323
306
376
264
128
197
217
137
157
165
194
274
297
379
278
NA
NA
NA
NA
464
385
464
564
560
496
720
939
691
872
1,025
1,184
1,372
1,466
1,491
801
1,194
1,660
2,909
1,980
1,010
723
779
943
827
625
918
1,156
830
1,032
1,192
1,381
1,649
1,768
1,879
1,089
2,008
2,486
4,089
4,716
3,658
3,041
3,445
3,499
3,014
2,232
2,692
2,267
1,830
1,967
2,064
2,222
2,364
2,388
2,515
1,722
2010 January ..........................

February ........................
March .............................
April ...............................
May ................................
June ...............................
July ................................
August ...........................
September .....................
October ..........................
November ......................
December ......................
Average ........................
1,225
1,305
1,369
1,426
1,464
1,511
1,558
1,619
1,635
1,647
1,661
1,687
1,514
42
45
50
53
49
20
15
20
19
21
22
24
31
433
446
471
508
541
566
591
644
668
693
723
759
591
822
892
933
959
960
953
971
983
977
966
950
940
943
1,267
1,350
1,419
1,479
1,513
1,531
1,573
1,638
1,655
1,668
1,683
1,711
1,546
1,706
1,726
1,754
1,816
1,818
1,857
1,852
1,900
1,918
1,965
1,971
1,968
1,854
2011 January ..........................

February ........................
March .............................
April ...............................
May ................................
June ...............................
July ................................
August ...........................
September .....................
October ..........................
November ......................
December ......................
Average ........................
1,686
1,692
1,694
1,762
1,804
1,829
1,865
1,923
1,946
1,982
1,974
1,961
1,846
26
26
26
28
32
34
35
35
32
35
37
42
32
793
801
830
896
948
979
1,014
1,055
1,063
1,077
1,125
1,177
984
909
907
884
885
878
877
880
894
907
933
880
821
887
1,711
1,718
1,720
1,790
1,836
1,863
1,900
1,957
1,978
2,017
2,011
2,003
1,879
2,004
1,990
2,044
2,052
2,047
2,069
2,116
2,136
2,115
2,100
2,100
2,131
2,075
2012 January ..........................

February ........................
March .............................
April ...............................
May ................................
June ...............................
July ................................
August ...........................
September .....................
October ..........................
November ......................
December ......................
Average ........................
1,960
1,949
1,935
1,917
1,931
1,923
1,894
1,863
1,808
1,785
1,758
1,733
1,871
43
42
43
44
46
49
51
50
51
49
51
51
48
1,208
1,261
1,307
1,329
1,373
1,409
1,419
1,423
1,409
1,407
1,385
1,358
1,357
790
723
667
629
600
558
522
487
447
425
421
423
558
2,003
1,990
1,979
1,961
1,977
1,972
1,944
1,913
1,859
1,834
1,809
1,784
1,919
2,154
2,135
2,143
2,157
2,153
2,139
2,140
2,144
2,137
2,102
R 2,036
1,990
2,113
a Rotary rigs in operation are reported weekly. Monthly data are averages of 4or 5-week reporting periods, not calendar months. Multi-month data are averages
of the reported data over the covered months, not averages of the weekly data.
Annual data are averages over 52 or 53 weeks, not calendar years. Published data
are rounded to the nearest whole number.
b Sum of rigs drilling for crude oil, rigs drilling for natural gas, and other rigs (not
shown) drilling for miscellaneous purposes, such as service wells, injection wells,
and stratigraphic tests.
c The number of rigs doing true workovers (where tubing is pulled from the well),
or doing rod string and pump repair operations, and that are, on average, crewed
and working every day of the month.

Note: Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District of Columbia.
Web Page:
See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#crude for all
Sources:
Rotary Rigs in Operation:
Baker Hughes, Inc.,
Houston, TX, Rotary Rigs Runningby State, used with permission. See
http://investor.shareholder.com/bhi/rig_counts/rc_index.cfm.
Active Well
Service Rig Count: Cameron International Corporation, Houston, TX. See
http://www.c-a-m.com/Forms/Product.aspx?prodID=cdc209c4-79a3-47e5-99c2fdeda6d4aad6.
77
Table 5.2 Crude Oil and Natural Gas Exploratory and Development Wells
Wells Drilled
Exploratory
Crude
Oil
Natural
Gas
Dry
Development
Total
Crude
Oil
Natural
Gas
Dry
Total
Total
Crude
Oil
Natural
Gas
Dry
Total
Thousand
Feet
Number
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
Total
Footage
Drilled
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
642
982
1,777
1,680
778
570
489
491
327
197
288
357
258
350
383
539
646
808
1,067
1,248
2,099
1,200
811
558
576
562
566
570
657
1,052
844
997
1,671
2,141
2,456
2,794
5,952
7,129
9,081
8,954
3,652
2,024
1,956
2,113
1,590
1,157
1,341
1,733
1,282
1,297
1,350
1,462
1,547
1,582
7,661
9,359
12,957
11,834
5,241
3,152
3,021
3,166
2,483
1,924
2,286
3,142
2,384
2,644
3,404
4,142
4,649
5,184
9,525
15,966
31,182
33,581
12,061
7,678
8,347
10,715
7,355
4,608
7,802
8,531
6,517
7,779
8,406
10,240
12,739
12,563
5,866
6,879
15,362
13,124
10,435
7,524
8,451
10,936
11,073
11,457
16,394
21,020
16,498
19,725
22,515
26,449
30,382
29,925
4,368
6,517
11,704
12,257
4,593
2,790
2,934
3,761
3,171
2,393
2,805
2,865
2,472
2,685
2,732
3,191
3,659
3,399
19,759
29,362
58,248
58,962
27,089
17,992
19,732
25,412
21,599
18,458
27,001
32,416
25,487
30,189
33,653
39,880
46,780
45,887
10,167
16,948
32,959
35,261
12,839
8,248
8,836
11,206
7,682
4,805
8,090
8,888
6,775
8,129
8,789
10,779
13,385
13,371
6,933
8,127
17,461
14,324
11,246
8,082
9,027
11,498
11,639
12,027
17,051
22,072
17,342
20,722
24,186
28,590
32,838
32,719
10,320
13,646
20,785
21,211
8,245
4,814
4,890
5,874
4,761
3,550
4,146
4,598
3,754
3,982
4,082
4,653
5,206
4,981
27,420
38,721
71,205
70,796
32,330
21,144
22,753
28,578
24,082
20,382
29,287
35,558
27,871
32,833
37,057
44,022
51,429
51,071
138,223
180,494
316,943
314,409
156,044
117,156
126,365
161,249
137,202
102,861
144,425
180,141
145,159
177,239
204,279
240,307
282,675
301,515
2008 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
88
82
66
68
88
63
79
67
52
80
97
67
897
208
230
216
189
206
195
163
165
166
243
192
172
2,345
144
107
127
130
124
139
171
144
164
173
160
132
1,715
440
419
409
387
418
397
413
376
382
496
449
371
4,957
1,111
1,080
1,132
1,177
1,317
1,428
1,439
1,448
1,488
1,549
1,361
1,206
15,736
2,321
2,261
2,363
2,415
2,449
2,540
2,695
2,735
2,667
2,841
2,418
2,196
29,901
272
247
271
281
240
299
344
379
355
373
334
313
3,708
3,704
3,588
3,766
3,873
4,006
4,267
4,478
4,562
4,510
4,763
4,113
3,715
49,345
1,199
1,162
1,198
1,245
1,405
1,491
1,518
1,515
1,540
1,629
1,458
1,273
16,633
2,529
2,491
2,579
2,604
2,655
2,735
2,858
2,900
2,833
3,084
2,610
2,368
32,246
416
354
398
411
364
438
515
523
519
546
494
445
5,423
4,144
4,007
4,175
4,260
4,424
4,664
4,891
4,938
4,892
5,259
4,562
4,086
54,302
25,306
24,958
26,226
26,920
27,947
28,739
29,140
28,942
28,960
31,505
29,276
26,222
334,141
2009 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
80
62
59
36
47
44
40
49
61
55
38
34
605
171
125
146
68
90
91
100
84
71
79
83
98
1,206
99
88
88
93
80
75
101
88
96
78
85
84
1,055
350
275
293
197
217
210
241
221
228
212
206
216
2,866
1,192
991
867
755
584
804
789
867
945
966
931
894
10,585
2,253
1,925
1,771
1,396
1,136
1,297
1,188
1,372
1,170
1,167
1,133
1,074
16,882
250
195
210
205
156
189
217
207
207
222
199
213
2,470
3,695
3,111
2,848
2,356
1,876
2,290
2,194
2,446
2,322
2,355
2,263
2,181
29,937
1,272
1,053
926
791
631
848
829
916
1,006
1,021
969
928
11,190
2,424
2,050
1,917
1,464
1,226
1,388
1,288
1,456
1,241
1,246
1,216
1,172
18,088
349
283
298
298
236
264
318
295
303
300
284
297
3,525
4,045
3,386
3,141
2,553
2,093
2,500
2,435
2,667
2,550
2,567
2,469
2,397
32,803
28,077
25,440
25,304
21,406
20,055
16,301
13,543
15,970
15,547
17,261
16,236
16,424
231,562
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
55
44
59
49
48
61
46
56
57
75
62
57
669
91
71
85
78
107
100
103
104
73
87
114
92
1,105
81
67
88
77
86
90
105
94
88
117
103
70
1,066
227
182
232
204
241
251
254
254
218
279
279
219
2,840
898
871
1,062
1,173
1,282
1,385
1,386
1,434
1,374
1,502
1,400
1,317
15,084
1,264
1,096
1,224
1,152
1,208
1,250
1,443
1,402
1,358
1,463
1,352
1,379
15,591
169
144
216
249
255
302
390
314
268
283
263
243
3,096
2,331
2,111
2,502
2,574
2,745
2,937
3,219
3,150
3,000
3,248
3,015
2,939
33,771
953
915
1,121
1,222
1,330
1,446
1,432
1,490
1,431
1,577
1,462
1,374
15,753
1,355
1,167
1,309
1,230
1,315
1,350
1,546
1,506
1,431
1,550
1,466
1,471
16,696
250
211
304
326
341
392
495
408
356
400
366
313
4,162
2,558
2,293
2,734
2,778
2,986
3,188
3,473
3,404
3,218
3,527
3,294
3,158
36,611
15,304
16,862
15,102
17,904
17,987
19,408
20,847
22,923
23,037
22,123
24,561
23,189
239,247
Notes: Data are estimates. Prior to 1990, these well counts include only the
original drilling of a hole intended to discover or further develop already discovered
crude oil or natural gas resources. Other drilling activities, such as drilling an old
well deeper, drilling of laterals from the original well, drilling of service and injection
wells, and drilling for resources other than crude oil or natural gas are excluded.
After 1990, a new well is defined as the first hole in the ground whether it is lateral
or not. Due to the methodology used to estimate ultimate well counts from the
available partially reported data, the counts shown on this page are frequently
revised. See Note, "Crude Oil and Natural Gas Exploratory and Development
Wells," at end of section. Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District
of Columbia.
Web Page:
See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#crude for all
Sources: 19731989: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
computations based on well reports submitted to the American Petroleum Institute.
1990 forward: EIA computations based on well reports submitted to IHS, Inc.,
Denver, CO.
The 2011 and 2012 data in this table have been removed while EIA
evaluates the quality of the data and the estimation methodology.
78
Crude Oil and Natural Gas Resource

Development
Note. Crude Oil and Natural Gas Exploratory and
Development Wells. Three well types are considered in the
Monthly Energy Review (MER) drilling statistics:
completed for crude oil, completed for natural gas, and
dry hole. Wells that productively encounter both crude
oil and natural gas are categorized as completed for crude
oil. Both development wells and exploratory wells (new
field wildcats, new pool tests, and extension tests) are
included in the statistics. All other classes of wells drilled in
connection with the search for producible hydrocarbons are
excluded. If a lateral is drilled at the same time as the original
hole it is not counted separately, but its footage is included.
Prior to the March 1985 MER, drilling statistics consisted of
completion data for the above types and classes of wells as

reported to the American Petroleum Institute (API) during a
given month. Due to time lags between the date of well
completion and the date of completion reporting to the API,
as-reported well completions proved to be an inaccurate
indicator of drilling activity. During 1982, for example,
as-reported well completions rose, while the number of
actual completions fell. Consequently, the drilling statistics
published since the March 1985 MER are U.S. Energy
Information Administration (EIA) estimates produced by
statistically imputing well counts and footage based on the
partial data available from the API. These estimates are
subject to continuous revision as new data, some of which
pertain to earlier months and years, become available.
Additional information about the EIA estimation
methodology may be found in Estimating Well
Completions, a feature article published in the March 1985
MER.
79
6. Coal
Figure 6.1
Coal
(Million Short Tons)
Overview, 1973-2012
Overview, Monthly
1,400
120
1,200
1,000
800
100
Production
80
Consumption
Consumption
60
600
40
400
20
200
Production
Net Exports
Net Exports
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
-20
2010
20 11
2012
Consumption by Sector, 1973-2011
Electric Power Sector Consumption, Monthly
1,200
120
Electric Power
1,000
100
800
80
600
60
400
40
200
Industrial
20
2010
2011
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Stocks, End of Year, 1973-2011
Electric Power Sector Stocks, End of Month
250
240
200
Total
180
185
176
156
150
100
50
Electric
Power
120
60
Producers and Distributors
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
October
2010
October
2011
Web Page: http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#coal.

Sources: Tables 6.16.3.
82
2012
October
2012
Table 6.1 Coal Overview

(Thousand Short Tons)
Productiona
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Waste
Coal
Suppliedb
Imports
Exports
Trade
Net Importsc
Stock
Changed,e
Losses and
Unaccounted
forf
Consumption
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
598,568
654,641
829,700
883,638
1,029,076
1,032,974
1,063,856
1,089,932
1,117,535
1,100,431
1,073,612
1,127,689
1,094,283
1,071,753
1,112,099
1,131,498
1,162,750
1,146,635
1,171,809
1,074,923
NA
NA
NA
NA
3,339
8,561
8,778
8,096
8,690
8,683
9,089
10,085
9,052
10,016
11,299
13,352
14,409
14,076
14,146
13,666
127
940
1,194
1,952
2,699
9,473
8,115
7,487
8,724
9,089
12,513
19,787
16,875
25,044
27,280
30,460
36,246
36,347
34,208
22,639
53,587
66,309
91,742
92,680
105,804
88,547
90,473
83,545
78,048
58,476
58,489
48,666
39,601
43,014
47,998
49,942
49,647
59,163
81,519
59,097
-53,460
-65,369
-90,548
-90,727
-103,104
-79,074
-82,357
-76,058
-69,324
-49,387
-45,976
-28,879
-22,726
-17,970
-20,718
-19,482
-13,401
-22,816
-47,311
-36,458
402
32,154
25,595
-27,934
26,542
-275
-17,456
-11,253
24,228
23,988
-48,309
41,630
10,215
-26,659
-11,462
-9,702
42,642
5,812
12,354
39,668
-17,878
-5,522
10,827
2,796
-1,730
632
1,411
3,678
-4,430
-2,906
938
7,120
4,040
-4,403
6,887
9,092
8,824
4,085
5,740
14,985
562,584
562,640
702,730
818,049
904,498
962,104
1,006,321
1,029,544
1,037,103
1,038,647
1,084,095
1,060,146
1,066,355
1,094,861
1,107,255
1,125,978
1,112,292
1,127,998
1,120,548
997,478
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
85,711
83,087
96,904
90,960
85,401
88,621
90,795
93,350
93,360
91,831
91,558
92,791
1,084,368
1,187
908
1,192
1,071
1,138
1,219
1,273
1,261
1,102
982
1,121
1,197
13,651
1,665
1,239
1,899
1,812
1,475
1,771
1,390
1,702
1,588
1,775
1,473
1,563
19,353
5,866
5,386
6,554
7,358
7,220
7,387
6,928
7,001
7,145
6,623
7,015
7,232
81,716
-4,202
-4,146
-4,655
-5,545
-5,745
-5,616
-5,539
-5,299
-5,556
-4,849
-5,542
-5,669
-62,363
-10,695
-7,306
8,127
11,519
2,723
-9,407
-15,499
-8,766
5,111
11,463
8,878
-9,187
-13,039
-3,103
1,154
2,870
2,176
-3,500
647
1,446
-2,316
-1,591
-90
-437
2,925
182
96,494
86,001
82,444
72,790
81,570
92,983
100,582
100,393
85,386
76,591
78,697
94,582
1,048,514
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
91,355
85,575
96,548
88,563
86,850
88,878
85,498
95,495
94,013
94,643
94,109
94,101
1,095,628
1,182
1,046
1,126
996
910
1,162
1,202
1,181
1,117
1,078
1,133
1,076
13,209
1,014
843
1,524
1,136
1,313
970
1,208
1,545
835
917
807
976
13,088
8,509
8,275
9,832
8,843
9,042
9,102
7,865
9,387
8,723
9,159
8,808
9,713
107,259
-7,496
-7,432
-8,308
-7,706
-7,730
-8,132
-6,657
-7,843
-7,888
-8,242
-8,001
-8,737
-94,171
-11,679
-3,306
3,991
8,966
2,393
-9,803
-15,788
-10,739
5,015
13,552
11,911
5,698
211
418
2,917
6,608
390
-1,461
2,060
-3,788
1,809
-113
-1,334
2,623
1,377
11,506
96,303
79,577
78,767
72,497
79,098
89,652
99,618
97,762
82,341
75,261
72,707
79,365
1,002,948
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
94,944
85,763
85,698
77,624
81,825
81,911
R 86,344
R 90,839
R 81,846
86,744
85,473
81,440
1,020,451
1,068
891
837
R 746
R 938
R 905
R 1,050
R 992
R 800
RF 999
NA
NA
NA
789
534
699
623
986
719
894
667
855
868
R 798
NA
NA
9,126
8,460
11,055
12,529
12,257
12,749
11,623
10,597
9,344
9,421
R 8,516
NA
NA
-8,337
-7,927
-10,356
-11,905
-11,271
-12,030
-10,729
-9,930
-8,489
-8,554
R -7,718
NA
NA
2,835
8,065
9,722
R 7,275
R 479
R -5,264
R -14,940
R -7,248
R 2,381
R 3,853
NA
NA
NA
8,471
2,290
3,389
R 2,190
R 2,835
R -642
R -21
R 1,170
R -2,617
R 3,155
NA
NA
NA
76,368
68,373
63,068
R 57,000
R 68,178
R 76,692
R 91,626
R 87,979
R 74,394
R 72,181
NA
NA
NA
a Beginning in 2001, includes a small amount of refuse recovery (coal

recaptured from a refuse mine and cleaned to reduce the concentration of
noncombustible materials).
b Waste coal (including fine coal, coal obtained from a refuse bank or slurry
dam, anthracite culm, bituminous gob, and lignite waste) consumed by the electric
power and industrial sectors. Beginning in 1989, waste coal supplied is counted as
a supply-side item to balance the same amount of waste coal included in
"Consumption."
c Net imports equal imports minus exports. A minus sign indicates exports are
greater than imports.
d For 1980-2007, excludes coal stocks in the residential and commercial
sectors.
e A negative value indicates a decrease in stocks; a positive value indicates an
increase.
f The difference between calculated coal supply and disposition, due to coal
quantities lost or to data reporting problems.
R=Revised. NA=Not available. F=Forecast.
Notes: For methodology used to calculate production, consumption, and
stocks, see Note 1, "Coal Production," Note 2, "Coal Consumption," and Note 3,
"Coal Stocks," at end of section. Data include refined coal. Data values
preceded by "F" are derived from the U.S. Energy Information Administrations
Short-Term Integrated Forecasting System. See Note 4, "Coal Forecast Values," at
end of section. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent
Web Page:
See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#coal for all
83
Table 6.2 Coal Consumption by Sector

End-Use Sectors
Commercial
Industrial
Other Industrial
Residential
CHPa
Otherb
Total
Coke
Plants
CHPc
Non-CHPd
Total
Total
Transportation
Electric
Power
Sectore,f
Total
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
4,113
2,823
1,355
1,711
1,345
755
721
711
534
585
454
481
533
551
512
378
290
353
351
R 321
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
1,191
1,419
1,660
1,738
1,443
1,490
1,547
1,448
1,405
1,816
1,917
1,922
1,886
1,927
2,021
1,798
7,004
6,587
5,097
6,068
4,189
3,633
3,625
4,015
2,879
2,803
2,126
2,441
2,506
1,869
2,693
2,420
1,050
1,247
1,134
R 1,091
7,004
6,587
5,097
6,068
5,379
5,052
5,285
5,752
4,322
4,293
3,673
3,888
3,912
3,685
4,610
4,342
2,936
3,173
3,155
R 2,889
94,101
83,598
66,657
41,056
38,877
33,011
31,706
30,203
28,189
28,108
28,939
26,075
23,656
24,248
23,670
23,434
22,957
22,715
22,070
15,326
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
27,781
29,363
29,434
29,853
28,553
27,763
28,031
25,755
26,232
24,846
26,613
25,875
25,262
22,537
21,902
19,766
68,038
63,646
60,347
75,372
48,549
43,693
42,254
41,661
38,887
36,975
37,177
39,514
34,515
36,415
35,582
34,465
34,210
34,078
32,491
25,549
68,038
63,646
60,347
75,372
76,330
73,055
71,689
71,515
67,439
64,738
65,208
65,268
60,747
61,261
62,195
60,340
59,472
56,615
54,393
45,314
162,139
147,244
127,004
116,429
115,207
106,067
103,395
101,718
95,628
92,846
94,147
91,344
84,403
85,509
85,865
83,774
82,429
79,331
76,463
60,641
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
389,212
405,962
569,274
693,841
782,567
850,230
896,921
921,364
936,619
940,922
985,821
964,433
977,507
1,005,116
1,016,268
1,037,485
1,026,636
1,045,141
1,040,580
933,627
562,584
562,640
702,730
818,049
904,498
962,104
1,006,321
1,029,544
1,037,103
1,038,647
1,084,095
1,060,146
1,066,355
1,094,861
1,107,255
1,125,978
1,112,292
1,127,998
1,120,548
997,478
2010 January ............

February ..........
March ...............
April .................
May ..................
June .................
July ..................
August .............
September .......
October ............
November ........
December ........
Total ................
R 39
193
167
149
117
118
135
142
152
133
121
128
165
1,720
R 160
R 353
R 139
R 306
R 124
R 274
R 56
R 173
R 57
R 175
R 65
R 199
R 51
R 192
R 54
R 206
R 47
R 180
R 88
R 209
1,472
1,584
1,801
1,786
1,794
1,772
1,783
1,814
1,894
1,731
1,787
1,874
21,092
2,094
1,978
2,124
2,220
2,010
1,898
2,122
2,194
1,941
1,958
1,854
2,246
24,638
2,084
2,215
2,106
1,749
1,975
2,061
1,944
1,909
2,174
2,178
2,297
1,957
24,650
4,178
4,193
4,230
3,969
3,985
3,959
4,066
4,103
4,115
4,136
4,151
4,203
49,289
5,650
5,777
6,030
5,755
5,779
5,732
5,849
5,917
6,010
5,866
5,938
6,077
70,381
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
90,452
79,884
76,110
66,842
75,597
87,030
94,519
94,247
79,176
70,492
72,514
88,189
975,052
96,494
86,001
82,444
72,790
81,570
92,983
100,582
100,393
85,386
76,591
78,697
94,582
1,048,514
1,746
1,623
1,819
1,668
1,878
1,846
1,670
1,863
1,874
1,784
1,772
1,891
21,434
2,082
1,800
1,891
1,787
1,836
1,843
1,946
1,962
1,788
1,748
1,712
1,923
22,319
2,090
2,345
2,281
1,902
1,836
1,833
1,772
1,753
1,947
2,088
2,110
1,962
23,919
4,172
4,145
4,173
3,689
3,672
3,676
3,718
3,715
3,735
3,836
3,822
3,885
46,238
5,917
5,769
5,991
5,357
5,550
5,522
5,388
5,578
5,609
5,621
5,594
5,776
67,671
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
90,021
73,474
72,458
66,930
73,338
83,908
94,037
92,012
76,569
69,458
66,919
73,359
932,484
96,303
79,577
78,767
72,497
79,098
89,652
99,618
97,762
82,341
75,261
72,707
79,365
1,002,948
1,913
1,708
1,707
1,542
1,689
1,634
1,773
1,827
1,613
1,796
17,200
1,783
2,000
1,952
1,789
1,621
1,671
R 1,619
R 1,555
R 1,781
F 1,680
E 17,451
3,696
3,708
3,659
3,331
3,310
3,305
R 3,392
R 3,382
R 3,394
F 3,476
E 34,652
5,397
5,395
5,554
R 5,113
R 5,167
R 4,962
R 5,068
R 5,198
R 4,946
F 5,404
E 52,203
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
70,720
62,755
57,300
51,751
62,868
71,595
86,429
82,643
69,321
66,565
681,948
76,368
68,373
63,068
R 57,000
R 68,178
R 76,692
R 91,626
R 87,979
R 74,394
72,181
735,858
18,683
20,539
19,848
20,396
38,531
40,934
56,301
58,366
(h)
(h)
792,206
814,349
850,877
875,235
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
2011 January ............

February ..........
March ...............
April .................
May ..................
June .................
July ..................
August .............
September .......
October ............
November ........
December ........
Total ................
R 34
R 30
R 19
R 19
R 22
R 21
R 23
R 20
R 23
R 24
R 32
R 308
R 33
R 30
R 29
R 19
R 19
R 20
R 17
R 16
R 15
R 16
R 17
R 21
R 251
R 20
R 284
R 1,053
R 2,772
189
173
164
124
124
130
145
129
122
110
117
139
1,668
R 143
R 332
R 131
R 304
R 124
R 289
R 68
R 191
R 68
R 192
R 71
R 202
R 31
R 176
R 28
R 157
R 26
R 148
R 55
R 165
F 81
F 195
E 308
E 1,571
1,701
1,687
1,895
R 1,783
R 1,857
R 1,657
R 1,676
R 1,816
R 1,552
F 1,928
E 17,551
745
841
2,156
2,268
17,771
17,431
E 137
162
141
135
115
121
114
118
126
116
115
1,263
2011 10-Month Total

2010 10-Month Total
213
252
1,411
1,427
R 17
R 11
R 11
R 11
R 10
R 11
R 10
F 17
R 220
R 119
2012 January ............

February ..........
March ...............
April .................
May ..................
June .................
July ..................
August .............
September .......
October ............
10-Month Total
R 18
R 93
R 59
R 177
R 70
R 209
R 874
R 2,541
R 69
R 231
R 64
R 205
R 62
R 196
R 10
R 125
R 11
R 132
R 10
R 124
R1
R 119
R1
R 127
R1
R 117
a Commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and a small number of

commercial electricity-only plants, such as those at hospitals and universities.
See Note, "Classification of Power Plants Into Energy-Use Sectors," at end of
Section 7.
b All commercial sector fuel use other than that in "Commercial CHP."
c Industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and a small number of industrial
electricity-only plants. See Note, "Classification of Power Plants Into Energy-Use
Sectors," at end of Section 7.
d All industrial sector fuel use other than that in "Coke Plants" and "Industrial
CHP."
e The electric power sector comprises electricity-only and combined-heatand-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS 22 category whose primary business is
to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public.
f Through 1988, data are for consumption at electric utilities only. Beginning in
1989, data also include consumption at independent power producers.
84
116
24
g Included in "Commercial Other."

h Included in "Industrial Non-CHP."
R=Revised. E=Estimate. F=Forecast.

Notes: CHP monthly values are from Table 7.4c; electric power sector
monthly values are from Table 7.4b; all other monthly values are estimates
derived from collected quarterly and annual data.
See Note 2, "Coal
Consumption," at end of section. Data include refined coal. Data values
Short-Term Integrated Forecasting System. See Note 4, "Coal Forecast Values,"
at end of section. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent
Web Page:
Table 6.3 Coal Stocks by Sector

End-Use Sectors
Producers
and
Distributors
1973 Year
1975 Year
1980 Year
1985 Year
1990 Year
1995 Year
1996 Year
1997 Year
1998 Year
1999 Year
2000 Year
2001 Year
2002 Year
2003 Year
2004 Year
2005 Year
2006 Year
2007 Year
2008 Year
2009 Year
Residential
and
Commercial
Industrial
Coke Plants
Othera
Total
Total
Electric
Power
Sectorb,c
Total
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
12,530
12,108
24,379
33,133
33,418
34,444
28,648
33,973
36,530
39,475
31,905
35,900
43,257
38,277
41,151
34,971
36,548
33,977
34,688
47,718
290
233
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
498
529
6,998
8,797
9,067
3,420
3,329
2,632
2,667
1,978
2,026
1,943
1,494
1,510
1,364
905
1,344
2,615
2,928
1,936
2,331
1,957
10,370
8,529
11,951
10,438
8,716
5,702
5,688
5,597
5,545
5,569
4,587
6,006
5,792
4,718
4,842
5,582
6,506
5,624
6,007
5,109
17,368
17,326
21,018
13,857
12,044
8,334
8,355
7,576
7,571
7,511
6,081
7,516
7,156
5,623
6,186
8,196
9,434
7,560
8,338
7,066
17,658
17,559
21,018
13,857
12,044
8,334
8,355
7,576
7,571
7,511
6,081
7,516
7,156
5,623
6,186
8,196
9,434
7,560
8,836
7,595
86,967
110,724
183,010
156,376
156,166
126,304
114,623
98,826
120,501
c 141,604
102,296
138,496
141,714
121,567
106,669
101,137
140,964
151,221
161,589
189,467
117,155
140,391
228,407
203,367
201,629
169,083
151,627
140,374
164,602
188,590
140,282
181,912
192,127
165,468
154,006
144,304
186,946
192,758
205,112
244,780
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
48,854
49,069
50,936
50,761
50,900
51,497
47,935
48,638
49,913
49,430
50,571
49,820
510
490
471
482
494
505
509
513
517
529
541
552
1,832
1,708
1,583
1,715
1,846
1,978
1,948
1,918
1,889
1,901
1,913
1,925
4,798
4,486
4,175
4,207
4,239
4,272
4,345
4,419
4,492
4,503
4,514
4,525
6,630
6,194
5,758
5,922
6,086
6,250
6,294
6,337
6,381
6,404
6,428
6,451
7,140
6,684
6,229
6,404
6,579
6,755
6,803
6,851
6,899
6,933
6,968
7,003
178,091
171,026
177,742
189,260
191,669
181,490
169,504
159,987
163,776
175,686
183,389
174,917
234,085
226,779
234,906
246,425
249,148
239,741
224,242
215,476
220,587
232,050
240,928
231,740
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
48,709
49,140
48,165
49,852
51,473
50,507
52,420
50,287
49,909
50,810
50,997
51,897
536
520
503
505
508
510
513
515
518
546
575
603
1,937
1,948
1,959
1,958
1,957
1,956
2,082
2,221
2,405
2,473
2,541
2,610
4,305
4,084
3,864
3,969
4,075
4,181
4,203
4,225
4,247
4,316
4,386
4,455
6,241
6,032
5,823
5,927
6,032
6,136
6,285
6,446
6,652
6,790
6,927
7,065
6,777
6,552
6,326
6,433
6,539
6,646
6,798
6,961
7,170
7,336
7,502
7,668
164,575
161,064
166,255
173,427
174,093
165,149
147,296
138,527
143,711
156,196
167,754
172,387
220,061
216,755
220,746
229,712
232,105
222,302
206,514
195,775
200,790
214,342
226,253
231,951
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
F 48,424
587
572
557
566
575
585
R 589
R 592
R 596
F 597
2,507
2,403
2,300
R 2,299
R 2,297
R 2,295
R 2,329
R 2,363
R 2,396
F 2,383
4,238
4,021
3,804
3,911
4,018
4,125
R 4,228
R 4,332
R 4,435
F 4,583
6,745
6,425
6,105
R 6,210
R 6,315
R 6,420
R 6,557
R 6,694
R 6,831
F 6,966
7,332
6,997
6,661
R 6,776
R 6,891
R 7,005
R 7,146
R 7,287
R 7,427
F 7,562
179,030
185,901
194,455
201,368
202,184
197,052
183,119
177,246
180,648
184,661
234,787
242,852
252,574
R 259,849
R 260,328
R 255,064
R 240,124
R 232,875
R 235,256
239,109
F 49,954
F 51,458
F 51,705
F 51,253
F 51,007
F 49,859
F 48,343
F 47,181
F 46,885
a Through 1977, data are for stocks held by the manufacturing and
transportation sectors. Beginning in 1978, data are for stocks held at manufacturing
plants only.
b The electric power sector comprises electricity-only and combined-heat-andpower (CHP) plants within the NAICS 22 category whose primary business is to sell
electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public.
c Through 1998, data are for stocks at electric utilities only. Beginning in 1999,
data also include stocks at independent power producers.
R=Revised. NA=Not available. F=Forecast.
Notes: Stocks are at end of period. Electric power sector monthly values
are from Table 7.5; producers and distributors monthly values are estimates
derived from collected annual data; all other monthly values are estimates derived
from collected quarterly values. Data include refined coal. Data values
Short-Term Integrated Forecasting System. See Note 4, "Coal Forecast Values," at
Web Page:
85
Coal
Note 1. Coal Production. Preliminary monthly estimates
of national coal production are the sum of weekly estimates
developed by the U.S. Energy Information Administration
(EIA) and published in the Weekly Coal Production report.
When a week extends into a new month, production is allocated on a daily basis and added to the appropriate month.
Weekly estimates are based on Association of American
Railroads (AAR) data showing the number of railcars
loaded with coal during the week by Class I and certain
other railroads.
Prior to 2002, the weekly coal production model converted
AAR data into short tons of coal by using the average
number of short tons of coal per railcar loaded reported in
the Quarterly Freight Commodity Statistics from the
Surface Transportation Board. If an average coal tonnage
per railcar loaded was not available for a specific railroad,
the national average was used. To derive the estimate of
total weekly production, the total rail tonnage for the week
was divided by the ratio of quarterly production shipped by
rail and total quarterly production. Data for the corresponding quarter of previous years were used to derive this ratio.
This method ensured that the seasonal variations were
preserved in the production estimates.
Beginning in 2002, the weekly coal production model uses
statistical autoregressive methods to estimate national coal
production as a function of railcar loadings of coal, and
heating degree-days and cooling degree-days. On Thursday
of each week, EIA receives from the AAR data for the
previous week. The latest weekly national data for heating
degree-days and cooling degree-days are obtained from the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrations
Climate Prediction Center. The weekly coal model is run
and a national level coal production estimate is obtained.
The weekly coal model is refit every quarter after preliminary coal data are available.
When preliminary quarterly data become available, the
monthly and weekly estimates are adjusted to conform to the
quarterly figures. The adjustment procedure uses State-level
production data and is explained in EIA's Quarterly Coal
Report. Initial estimates of annual production published in
January of the following year are based on preliminary
production data covering the first nine months (three quarters) and weekly/monthly estimates for the fourth quarter.
The fourth quarter estimates may or may not be revised
when preliminary data become available in March of the
following year, depending on the magnitude of the difference between the estimates and the preliminary data. In any
event, all quarterly, monthly, and weekly production figures
are adjusted to conform to the final annual production data
published in the Monthly Energy Review in the fall of the
following year.
Note 2. Coal Consumption. Coal consumption data are
reported by major end-use sector. Forecast data (designated
86
by an F) are derived from forecasted values shown in the

EIA Short-Term Energy Outlook (DOE/EIA-0202) table
titled U.S. Coal Supply and Demand: Base Case. The
monthly estimates are based on the quarterly values, which
are released in March, June, September, and December. The
estimates are revised quarterly as collected data become available from the data sources. Sector-specific information
follows.
Residential and CommercialCoal consumption by the residential and commercial sectors is reported to EIA for the two
sectors combined; EIA estimates the amount consumed by the
sectors individually. To create the estimates, it is first
assumed that an occupied coal-heated housing unit consumes
fuel at the same Btu rate as an oil-heated housing unit. Then,
for the years in which data are available on the number of
occupied housing units by heating source (19731981 and
subsequent odd-numbered years), residential consumption
of coal is estimated by the following steps: a ratio is created
of the number of occupied housing units heated by coal to
the number of occupied housing units heated by oil; that
ratio is then multiplied by the Btu quantity of oil consumed
by the residential sector to derive an estimate of the Btu
quantity of coal consumed by the residential sector; and,
finally, the amount estimated as the residential sector
consumption is subtracted from the residential and commercial sectors combined consumption to derive the commercial sectors estimated consumption.
Industrial Coke PlantsPrior to 1980, monthly coke plant
consumption data were taken directly from reported data.
For 19801987, coke plant consumption estimates were
derived by proportioning reported quarterly data by using
the ratios of monthly-to-quarterly consumption data in 1979,
the last year in which monthly data were reported. Beginning in January 1988, monthly coke plant consumption estimates are derived from the reported quarterly data by using
monthly ratios of raw steel production data from the American Iron and Steel Institute. The ratios are the monthly raw
steel production from open hearth and basic oxygen process
furnaces as a proportion of the quarterly production from
those kinds of furnaces.
Industrial OtherPrior to 1978, monthly consumption data
for the other industrial sector (all industrial users minus
coke plants) were derived by using reported data to modify
baseline consumption figures from the most recent Bureau
of the Census Annual Survey of Manufactures or Census of
Manufactures. For 1978 and 1979, monthly estimates
were derived from data reported on Forms EIA-3 and EIA6. For 19801987, monthly figures were estimated by
proportioning quarterly data by using the ratios of
monthly-to-quarterly consumption data in 1979, the last
year in which monthly data were reported on Form EIA-3.
Beginning in January 1988, monthly consumption for the
other industrial sector is estimated from reported quarterly
data by using ratios derived from industrial production
indices published by the Board of Governors of the
Federal Reserve System. Indices for six major industry
groups are used as the basis for calculating the ratios:
food manufacturing, which is North American Industry

Classification System (NAICS) code 311; paper manufacturing, NAICS 322; chemical manufacturing, NAICS 325;
petroleum and coal products, NAICS 324; non-metallic
mineral products manufacturing, NAICS 327; and primary
metal manufacturing, NAICS 331. The monthly ratios are
computed as the monthly sum of the weighted indices as a
proportion of the quarterly sum of the weighted indices by
using the 1977 proportion as the weights. Prior to 2008,
quarterly consumption data for the other industrial sector
were derived by adding beginning stocks at manufacturing
plants to current receipts and subtracting ending stocks at
manufacturing plants. In this calculation, current receipts
are the greater of either reported receipts from manufacturing plants (Form EIA-3) or reported shipments to the other
industrial sector (Form EIA-6), thereby ensuring that agriculture, forestry, fishing, and construction consumption
data were included where appropriate. Beginning in 2008,
quarterly consumption totals for other industrial coal
include data for manufacturing and mining only. Over
time, surveyed coal consumption data for agriculture,
forestry, fishing, and construction dwindled to about
20,000 to 30,000 tons annually. Therefore, in 2008, EIA
consolidated its programs by eliminating agriculture,
forestry, fishing, and construction as surveyed sectors.
Electric Power SectorMonthly consumption data for electric power plants are taken directly from reported data.
Note 3. Coal Stocks. Coal stocks data are reported by
major end-use sector. Forecast data for the most recent
months (designated by an F) are derived from forecasted
values shown in the EIA Short-Term Energy Outlook
(DOE/EIA-0202) table titled U.S. Coal Supply and Demand:
Base Case. The monthly estimates are based on the quarterly values (released in March, June, September, and December) or annual values. The estimates are revised as collected
data become available from the data sources. Sector-specific
information follows.
Producers and DistributorsPrior to 1998, quarterly
stocks at producers and distributors were taken directly
from reported data. Monthly data were estimated by
using one-third of the current quarterly change to indicate
the monthly change in stocks. Beginning in 1998, endof-year stocks are taken from reported data. Monthly
stocks are estimated by a model.
Residential and CommercialPrior to 1980, stock estimates for the residential and commercial sector were
taken directly from reported data. For 19802007, stock
estimates were not collected. Beginning in 2008, quarterly stocks data are collected on Form EIA-3 (data for
Commercial and Institutional Coal Users).
Industrial Coke PlantsPrior to 1980, monthly stocks at
coke plants were taken directly from reported data. Beginning in 1980, coke plant stocks are estimated by using onethird of the current quarterly change to indicate the monthly
change in stocks. Quarterly stocks are taken directly from

data reported on Form EIA-5.
Industrial OtherPrior to 1978, stocks for the other industrial sector were derived by using reported data to modify
baseline figures from a one-time Bureau of Mines survey
of consumers. For 19781982, monthly estimates were
derived by judgmentally proportioning reported quarterly
data based on representative seasonal patterns of supply
and demand. Beginning in 1983, other industrial coal
stocks are estimated as indicated above for coke plants.
Quarterly stocks are taken directly from data reported on
Form EIA-3 and therefore include only manufacturing
industries; data for agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining,
and construction stocks are not available.
Electric Power SectorMonthly stocks data at electric
power plants are taken directly from reported data.
Note 4. Coal Forecast Values. Data values preceded by
F in this section are forecast values. They are derived
from EIA Short-Term Integrated Forecasting System
(STIFS). The model is driven primarily by data and
assumptions about key macroeconomic variables, the world
oil price, and weather. The coal forecast relies on other
variables as well, such as alternative fuel prices (natural gas
and oil) and power generation by sources other than fossil
fuels, including nuclear and hydroelectric power. Each
month, EIA staff review the model output and make
adjustments, if appropriate, based on their knowledge of
developments in the coal industry.
The STIFS model results are published monthly in EIAs
Short-Term Energy Outlook, which is accessible on the Web
at http://www.eia.gov/forecasts/steo/.
Note 5. Additional Coal Information. EIAs Quarterly
Coal Report provides additional information about coal data
and estimation procedures.
Table 6.1 Sources

Production
1973September 1977: U.S. Department of the Interior,
Bureau of Mines, Minerals Yearbook and Minerals Industry
Surveys.
October 1977 forward: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), Weekly Coal Production.
Waste Coal Supplied
19891997: EIA, Form EIA-867, Annual Nonutility
Power Producer Report.
19982000: EIA, Form EIA-860B, Annual Electric
Generator ReportNonutility.
20012003: EIA, Form EIA-906, Power Plant Report,
and Form EIA-3, Quarterly Coal Consumption and Quality ReportManufacturing Plants.
87
Form EIA-920, Combined Heat and Power Plant Report,

and Form EIA-3, Quarterly Coal Consumption and Quality ReportManufacturing Plants.
2008 forward: EIA, Form EIA-923, Power Plant Operations
Report, and Form EIA-3, Quarterly Coal Consumption and
Quality Report, Manufacturing and Transformation/Processing
Coal Plants and Commercial and Institutional Coal Users;
and, for forecast values, EIA, Short-Term Integrated Forecasting System.
Imports and Exports
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census,
Monthly Reports IM 145 (Imports) and EM 545 (Exports).
Stock Change
Calculated from data in Table 6.3. (The 1973 stock change
value is calculated using the 1972 total stocks value of
116,753 thousand short tons from EIA, Annual Energy
Review 2011, Table 7.6. The 1972 stocks value excludes
stocks at producers and distributors.)
Losses and Unaccounted for
Calculated as the sum of production, imports, and waste coal
supplied, minus exports, stock change, and consumption.
Consumption
Table 6.2.
Table 6.2 Sources

Residential and Commercial Total
Coal consumption by the residential and commercial sectors
combined is reported to the U.S. Energy Information
Administration (EIA). EIA estimates the sectors individually using the method described in Note 2, Consumption,
at the end of Section 6. Data for the residential and
commercial sectors combined are from:
19731976: U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), Bureau
of Mines (BOM), Minerals Yearbook.
JanuarySeptember 1977: DOI, BOM, Form 6-1400,
Monthly Coal Report, Retail DealersUpper Lake Docks.
October 19771979: EIA, Form EIA-2, Monthly Coal
Report, Retail DealersUpper Lake Docks.
19801997: EIA, Form EIA-6, Coal Distribution Report,
quarterly.
19982007: DOI, Mine Safety and Health Administration,
Form 7000-2, Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal
Production.
2008 forward: EIA, Form EIA-3, Quarterly Coal Consumption
and
Quality
Report,
Manufacturing
and
Transformation/Processing Coal Plants and Commercial and
Institutional Coal Users (data for Commercial and Institutional Coal Users); and, for forecast values, EIA, ShortTerm Integrated Forecasting System (STIFS).
Commercial CHP
Table 7.4c.
88
Commercial Other
Calculated as Commercial Total minus Commercial CHP.
Industrial Coke Plants
1973September 1977: DOI, BOM, Minerals Yearbook
and Minerals Industry Surveys.
October 19771980: EIA, Form EIA-5/5A, Coke and
Coal ChemicalsMonthly/Annual Supplement.
19811984: EIA, Form EIA-5/5A, Coke Plant
ReportQuarterly/Annual Supplement.
1985 forward:
EIA, Form EIA5, Coke Plant
ReportQuarterly; and, for forecast values, EIA, STIFS.
Other Industrial Total
1973September 1977: DOI, BOM, Minerals Yearbook and
Minerals Industry Surveys.
Consumption ReportManufacturing Plants.
19801997: EIA, Form EIA-3, Quarterly Coal Consumption ReportManufacturing Plants, and Form EIA-6,
Coal Distribution Report, quarterly.
19982007: EIA, Form EIA-3, Quarterly Coal Consumption ReportManufacturing Plants, Form EIA-6A, Coal
Distribution Report, annual, and Form EIA-7A, Coal
Production Report, annual.
2008 forward:
EIA, Form EIA-3, Quarterly Coal
Consumption and Quality Report, Manufacturing and
Institutional Coal Users, and Form EIA-7A, Coal Production Report, annual; and, for forecast values, EIA, STIFS.
Other Industrial CHP
Table 7.4c.
Other Industrial Non-CHP
Calculated as Other Industrial Total minus Other Industrial CHP.
Transportation
19731976: DOI, BOM, Minerals Yearbook.
JanuarySeptember 1977: DOI, BOM, Form 6-1400,
Monthly Coal Report, Retail DealersUpper Lake
Docks.
OctoberDecember 1977: EIA, Form EIA-6, Coal Distribution Report, quarterly.
Electric Power
Table 7.4b.
Table 6.3 Sources

Producers and Distributors
of Mines (BOM), Form 6-1419Q, Distribution of Bituminous Coal and Lignite Shipments.
19801997:
(EIA), Form EIA-6, Coal Distribution Report, quarterly.
19982007:
EIA, Form EIA-6A, Coal Distribution
Report, annual.
2008 forward: EIA, Form EIA-7A, Coal Production

Report, annual, and Form EIA-8A, Coal Stocks Report,
annual; and, for forecast values, EIA, Short-Term Integrated
Forecasting System (STIFS).
Residential and Commercial
19731976: DOI, BOM, Minerals Yearbook.
JanuarySeptember 1977:
DOI, BOM, Form 6-1400,
Monthly Coal Report, Retail DealersUpper Lake Docks.
Report, Retail DealersUpper Lake Docks.
2008 forward:
EIA, Form EIA-3, Quarterly Coal
Consumption and Quality Report, Manufacturing and
Institutional Coal Users (data for Commercial and Institutional Coal Users); and, for forecast values, EIA, STIFS.
Industrial Coke Plants
October 19771980: EIA, Form EIA-5/5A, Coke and Coal
ChemicalsMonthly/Annual.
19811984:
EIA, Form EIA 5/5A, Coke Plant
ReportQuarterly/Annual Supplement.
1985 forward:
EIA, Form EIA-5, Coke Plant
ReportQuarterly; and, for forecast values, EIA, STIFS.
Industrial Other
Consumption ReportManufacturing Plants.
19982007: EIA, Form EIA-3, Quarterly Coal Consumption ReportManufacturing Plants.
2008 forward: EIA, Form EIA-3, Quarterly Coal Consumption
and
Quality
Report,
Manufacturing
and
Institutional Coal Users; and, for forecast values, EIA,
STIFS.
Electric Power
Table 7.5.
89
7. Electricity
Figure 7.1
Electricity Overview
(Billion Kilowatthours)
Overview, 2011
Net Generation, 2011
5,000
5,000
4,101
3,883
4,000
4,000
3,000
3,000
2,000
2,000
1,000
1,000
52
15
Imports
Exports
0
Net
Generation
4,101
3,949
End
Use
Electric
Power
Net Generation by Sector, 1989-2011
142
10
Commercial
Industrial
Total
Net Generation by Sector, Monthly

500
5,000
400
4,000
Totala
Totala
3,000
300
Electric Power
Electric Power
2,000
200
1,000
100
Industrial
Industrial
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
End Use, 2011
2010
2011
2012
Trade, 1973-2011
60
5,000
Imports
50
4,000
3,883
3,750
40
3,000
30
Exports
2,000
20
1,000
10
133
0
Retail
Salesb
a
Direct
Usec
Includes commercial sector.

Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and other energy service providers.
b
92
1975
Total
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
See Direct Use in Glossary.

Web Page: http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#electricity.
Source: Table 7.1.
Table 7.1 Electricity Overview

Net Generation
Electric
Power
Sectora
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Commercial
Sectorb
Industrial
Sectorc
Trade
Total
Importsd
Exportsd
Net
Importsd
T&D Lossese
and
Unaccounted
forf
End Use
Retail
Salesg
Direct
Useh
Total
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
1,861
1,918
2,286
2,470
2,901
3,194
3,284
3,329
3,457
3,530
3,638
3,580
3,698
3,721
3,808
3,902
3,908
4,005
3,974
3,810
NA
NA
NA
NA
6
8
9
9
9
9
8
7
7
7
8
8
8
8
8
8
3
3
3
3
131
151
151
154
154
156
157
149
153
155
154
145
148
143
137
132
1,864
1,921
2,290
2,473
3,038
3,353
3,444
3,492
3,620
3,695
3,802
3,737
3,858
3,883
3,971
4,055
4,065
4,157
4,119
3,950
17
11
25
46
18
43
43
43
40
43
49
39
37
30
34
44
43
51
57
52
3
5
4
5
16
4
3
9
14
14
15
16
16
24
23
19
24
20
24
18
14
6
21
41
2
39
40
34
26
29
34
22
21
6
11
25
18
31
33
34
165
180
216
190
203
229
231
224
221
240
244
202
248
228
266
269
266
298
287
261
1,713
1,747
2,094
2,324
2,713
3,013
3,101
3,146
3,264
3,312
3,421
3,394
3,465
3,494
3,547
3,661
3,670
3,765
3,733
3,597
NA
NA
NA
NA
125
151
153
156
161
172
171
163
166
168
168
150
147
126
132
127
1,713
1,747
2,094
2,324
2,837
3,164
3,254
3,302
3,425
3,484
3,592
3,557
3,632
3,662
3,716
3,811
3,817
3,890
3,865
3,724
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
348
308
300
276
316
363
396
395
333
296
294
349
3,972
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9
12
11
12
11
12
12
13
13
12
12
11
13
144
361
320
312
288
328
376
410
409
346
308
306
362
4,125
5
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
3
3
3
4
45
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
19
4
3
3
3
1
2
3
2
1
(s)
1
3
26
22
15
12
13
35
36
32
27
8
10
21
34
265
332
298
293
267
284
331
369
372
328
288
275
319
3,754
E 11
343
309
303
277
294
342
381
384
339
298
285
331
3,886
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
350
302
307
291
311
355
405
392
325
297
292
322
3,949
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
12
11
11
11
11
12
13
13
12
11
12
13
142
363
313
319
302
324
368
419
407
338
309
304
336
4,101
4
4
4
4
5
4
6
6
4
4
3
4
52
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
15
3
2
2
2
4
3
5
5
3
3
2
3
37
20
9
19
19
29
31
41
26
4
13
20
26
255
334
297
292
275
288
329
371
373
326
288
275
302
3,750
E 11
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
328
298
297
284
325
349
403
383
322
299
3,286
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9
12
12
11
11
12
12
13
13
12
12
120
341
310
309
296
338
362
417
396
335
312
3,415
4
4
4
5
5
5
7
6
5
4
50
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
3
3
3
4
4
4
6
5
4
4
40
22
16
19
19
35
30
40
26
10
15
230
311
286
283
270
295
324
370
364
318
290
3,112
E 12

3,335
3,330
8
7
118
120
3,461
3,457
45
38
13
16
32
23
209
209
3,173
3,161

b Commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial electricity-only
plants.
c Industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial electricity-only
plants. Through 1988, data are for industrial hydroelectric power only.
d Electricity transmitted across U.S. borders. Net imports equal imports minus
exports.
e Transmission and distribution losses (electricity losses that occur between the
point of generation and delivery to the customer). See Note 2, "Electrical System
Energy Losses," at end of Section 2.
f Data collection frame differences and nonsampling error.
E 10
E 11
E 10
E 11
E 11
E 12
E 12
E 11
E 11
E 11
E 12
132
E 10
E 10
E 10
E 11
E 11
E 12
E 12
E 11
E 11
E 11
E 12
133
E 11
E 11
E 10
E 11
E 11
E 12
E 12
E 11
E 11
E 113
E 110
E 110
345
307
302
286
299
340
383
385
337
299
286
314
3,883
323
297
293
281
307
336
382
376
329
301
3,225
3,283
3,270
g Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers by electric utilities and, beginning

in 1996, other energy service providers.
h Use of electricity that is 1) self-generated, 2) produced by either the same
entity that consumes the power or an affiliate, and 3) used in direct support of a
service or industrial process located within the same facility or group of facilities
that house the generating equipment. Direct use is exclusive of station use.
E=Estimate. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.5 billion kilowatthours.
Web Page: See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#electricity for all
93
Figure 7.2

Total (All Sectors), Major Sources, 1989-2011
Total (All Sectors), Major Sources, Monthly

200
2,500
Coal
Coal
2,000
150
1,500
Natural
Gas
1,000
Nuclear
Electric
Power
100
Natural
Gas
50
Renewable Energya
500
Renewable Energya
Petroleum
Petroleum
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2010
2011
2012
Total (All Sectors), Major Sources, 2011
Electric Power Sector, Major Sources, 2011
2,000
2,000
1,733
1,718
1,500
1,500
1,014
1,000
1,000
790
926
790
513
500
481
500
30
Coal
Natural
Energya
Electric
Power
Gas
Coal
leum
Commercial Sector, Major Sources, 2011
28
Nuclear Renewable Petro-
Natural
Gas
Nuclear Renewable PetroElectric

Power
Energya
leum
Industrial Sector, Major Sources, 2011
100
5.5
81.9
80
4
60
3
2.3
40
26.7
1.0
20
14.5
8.6
0.1
0
Natural
Gas
Waste
Coal
Petroleum
a
Conventional hydroelectric power, wood, waste, geothermal, solar/PV,
and wind.
b
Blast furnace gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived
from fossil fuels.
94
1.9
1.8
0
Natural
Gas
Wood
Coal
Other Petroleum HydroGases b

electric
Power c
Conventional hydroelectric power.

Table 7.2a Electricity Net Generation: Total (All Sectors)

(Sum of Tables 7.2b and 7.2c; Million Kilowatthours)
Fossil Fuels
Coala
Petroleumb
Natural
Gasc
Renewable Energy
Other
Gasesd
Nuclear
Electric
Power
Conventional
HydroHydroelectric
Pumped electric
Storagee Powerf
Biomass
Woodg
Wasteh
Geothermal
Solar/
PVi
Wind
Totalj
1973 Total ................

1975 Total ................
1980 Total ................
1985 Total ................
1990 Total k .............
1995 Total ................
1996 Total ................
1997 Total ................
1998 Total ................
1999 Total ................
2000 Total ................
2001 Total ................
2002 Total ................
2003 Total ................
2004 Total ................
2005 Total ................
2006 Total ................
2007 Total ................
2008 Total ................
2009 Total ................
847,651
852,786
1,161,562
1,402,128
1,594,011
1,709,426
1,795,196
1,845,016
1,873,516
1,881,087
1,966,265
1,903,956
1,933,130
1,973,737
1,978,301
2,012,873
1,990,511
2,016,456
1,985,801
1,755,904
314,343
289,095
245,994
100,202
126,460
74,554
81,411
92,555
128,800
118,061
111,221
124,880
94,567
119,406
121,145
122,225
64,166
65,739
46,243
38,937
340,858
299,778
346,240
291,946
372,765
496,058
455,056
479,399
531,257
556,396
601,038
639,129
691,006
649,908
710,100
760,960
816,441
896,590
882,981
920,979
NA
NA
NA
NA
10,383
13,870
14,356
13,351
13,492
14,126
13,955
9,039
11,463
15,600
15,252
13,464
14,177
13,453
11,707
10,632
83,479
172,505
251,116
383,691
576,862
673,402
674,729
628,644
673,702
728,254
753,893
768,826
780,064
763,733
788,528
781,986
787,219
806,425
806,208
798,855
(f)
(f)
(f)
(f)
-3,508
-2,725
-3,088
-4,040
-4,467
-6,097
-5,539
-8,823
-8,743
-8,535
-8,488
-6,558
-6,558
-6,896
-6,288
-4,627
275,431
303,153
279,182
284,311
292,866
310,833
347,162
356,453
323,336
319,536
275,573
216,961
264,329
275,806
268,417
270,321
289,246
247,510
254,831
273,445
130
18
275
743
32,522
36,521
36,800
36,948
36,338
37,041
37,595
35,200
38,665
37,529
38,117
38,856
38,762
39,014
37,300
36,050
198
174
158
640
13,260
20,405
20,911
21,709
22,448
22,572
23,131
14,548
15,044
15,812
15,421
15,420
16,099
16,525
17,734
18,443
1,966
3,246
5,073
9,325
15,434
13,378
14,329
14,726
14,774
14,827
14,093
13,741
14,491
14,424
14,811
14,692
14,568
14,637
14,840
15,009
NA
NA
NA
11
367
497
521
511
502
495
493
543
555
534
575
550
508
612
864
891
6
2,789
3,164
3,234
3,288
3,026
4,488
5,593
6,737
10,354
11,187
14,144
17,811
26,589
34,450
55,363
73,886
1,864,057
1,920,755
2,289,600
2,473,002
3,037,827
3,353,487
3,444,188
3,492,172
3,620,295
3,694,810
3,802,105
3,736,644
3,858,452
3,883,185
3,970,555
4,055,423
4,064,702
4,156,745
4,119,388
3,950,331
2010 January ............

February ..........
March ...............
April .................
May ..................
June .................
July ..................
August .............
September .......
October ............
November ........
December ........
Total ................
173,320
153,044
144,406
126,952
143,272
165,491
179,600
177,745
148,746
132,270
135,185
167,258
1,847,290
4,348
2,373
2,470
2,286
2,994
3,989
4,411
3,575
2,783
2,228
2,079
3,523
37,061
74,173
66,198
63,431
64,644
73,665
92,268
114,624
121,151
93,004
77,738
69,227
77,573
987,697
909
825
1,010
943
1,017
964
963
1,061
954
808
907
952
11,313
72,569
65,245
64,635
57,611
66,658
68,301
71,913
71,574
69,371
62,751
62,655
73,683
806,968
-565
-351
-325
-335
-441
-472
-557
-600
-421
-438
-467
-530
-5,501
22,383
20,590
20,886
19,097
25,079
29,854
24,517
20,119
17,265
17,683
19,562
23,169
260,203
3,126
2,895
3,090
2,932
2,893
3,094
3,308
3,319
3,157
3,003
3,080
3,275
37,172
1,503
1,382
1,592
1,558
1,577
1,627
1,640
1,642
1,575
1,547
1,625
1,650
18,917
1,312
1,159
1,307
1,240
1,311
1,264
1,274
1,297
1,253
1,222
1,252
1,330
15,219
10
33
76
112
153
176
161
156
138
75
77
44
1,212
6,854
5,432
8,589
9,764
8,698
8,049
6,724
6,686
7,106
7,944
9,748
9,059
94,652
360,957
319,735
312,168
287,800
327,936
375,759
409,725
408,884
346,045
307,921
306,010
362,119
4,125,060
2011 January ............

February ..........
March ...............
April .................
May ..................
June .................
July ..................
August .............
September .......
October ............
November ........
December ........
Total ................
170,803
138,311
134,845
124,488
137,102
158,055
176,586
171,281
140,941
126,627
121,463
132,929
1,733,430
3,457
74,254
2,434
65,924
2,692
65,947
2,424
70,029
2,378
75,243
2,594
90,691
3,154
119,624
2,594
119,856
2,424
91,739
2,062
78,819
1,783
75,441
2,186
86,122
30,182 1,013,689
930
807
945
918
875
1,013
1,098
1,087
1,004
941
943
1,005
11,566
72,743
64,789
65,662
54,547
57,013
65,270
72,345
71,339
66,849
63,337
64,474
71,837
790,204
-426
-247
-349
-466
-418
-567
-708
-663
-553
-572
-441
-496
-5,905
25,531
24,131
31,134
31,194
32,587
32,151
31,285
25,764
21,378
19,787
20,681
23,732
319,355
3,290
2,937
3,081
2,798
2,794
3,230
3,362
3,384
3,178
2,954
3,088
3,353
37,449
1,515
1,427
1,565
1,503
1,563
1,632
1,690
1,692
1,589
1,631
1,684
1,731
19,222
1,351
1,219
1,342
1,243
1,322
1,218
1,273
1,279
1,229
1,285
1,275
1,329
15,364
40
85
122
164
191
223
191
229
186
159
107
121
1,818
8,550
10,452
10,545
12,422
11,772
10,985
7,489
7,474
6,869
10,525
12,439
10,656
120,177
363,105
313,293
318,710
302,400
323,627
367,727
418,693
406,541
337,961
308,727
304,119
335,753
4,100,656
2012 January ............

February ..........
March ...............
April .................
May ..................
June .................
July ..................
August .............
September .......
October ............
10-Month Total
129,115
113,908
105,546
96,466
116,345
131,569
160,938
152,743
125,767
121,587
1,253,981
2,444
91,641
1,926
91,091
1,561
92,503
1,564
95,346
1,727
107,927
2,056
116,015
2,288
140,202
2,072
131,828
1,864
108,206
1,861
92,141
19,364 1,066,899
980
1,005
1,010
980
969
945
968
1,024
893
820
9,595
72,381
63,847
61,729
55,871
62,081
65,140
69,129
69,602
64,511
59,743
644,035
-330
-226
-268
-242
-343
-475
-587
-496
-401
-351
-3,718
23,359
20,361
25,770
26,136
28,542
26,611
26,758
23,146
17,562
16,207
234,453
3,366
3,126
2,938
2,666
2,997
3,060
3,296
3,311
3,143
3,073
30,975
1,629
1,537
1,663
1,668
1,713
1,687
1,769
1,676
1,628
1,660
16,630
1,415
1,339
1,413
1,335
1,422
1,380
1,421
1,388
1,377
1,413
13,903
86
137
249
346
511
561
522
464
462
431
3,770
13,806
11,164
13,897
12,812
12,573
11,944
8,724
8,287
8,680
12,514
114,401
340,919
310,151
309,040
295,940
337,530
361,506
416,515
396,108
334,735
312,157
3,414,602
2011 10-Month Total

2010 10-Month Total
1,479,039
1,544,847
26,214
31,458
9,618
9,454
653,893
670,630
-4,968
-4,504
274,942
217,472
31,008
30,816
15,806
15,642
12,760
12,637
1,590
1,091
97,082
75,845
3,460,784
3,456,931
852,126
840,897
a Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal
synfuel.
b Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other
petroleum, waste oil, and, beginning in 2011, propane.
c Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels.
d Blast furnace gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from
fossil fuels. Through 2010, also includes propane gas.
e Pumped storage facility production minus energy used for pumping.
f Through 1989, hydroelectric pumped storage is included in "Conventional
Hydroelectric Power."
g Wood and wood-derived fuels.
h Municipal solid waste from biogenic sources, landfill gas, sludge waste,
agricultural byproducts, and other biomass.
Through 2000, also includes
non-renewable waste (municipal solid waste from non-biogenic sources, and
tire-derived fuels).
NA
NA
NA
i Solar thermal and photovoltaic (PV) energy.

j Includes batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur,
miscellaneous technologies, and, beginning in 2001, non-renewable waste

(municipal solid waste from non-biogenic sources, and tire-derived fuels).
k Through 1988, all data except hydroelectric are for electric utilities only;
hydroelectric data through 1988 include industrial plants as well as electric utilities.
Beginning in 1989, data are for electric utilities, independent power producers,
commercial plants, and industrial plants.
NA=Not available.
Sources: See sources for Tables 7.2b and 7.2c.
95
Table 7.2b Electricity Net Generation: Electric Power Sector

(Subset of Table 7.2a; Million Kilowatthours)
Fossil Fuels
Petroleumb
Coala
Natural
Gasc
Renewable Energy
Other
Gasesd
Nuclear
Electric
Power
Conventional
HydroHydroelectric
Pumped electric
Storagee Powerf
Biomass
Woodg
Wasteh
Geothermal
Solar/
PVi
Wind
Totalj
1973 Total ..................

1975 Total ..................
1980 Total ..................
1985 Total ..................
1990 Totalk ................
1995 Total ..................
1996 Total ..................
1997 Total ..................
1998 Total ..................
1999 Total ..................
2000 Total ..................
2001 Total ..................
2002 Total ..................
2003 Total ..................
2004 Total ..................
2005 Total ..................
2006 Total ..................
2007 Total ..................
2008 Total ..................
2009 Total ..................
847,651
852,786
1,161,562
1,402,128
1,572,109
1,686,056
1,771,973
1,820,762
1,850,193
1,858,618
1,943,111
1,882,826
1,910,613
1,952,714
1,957,188
1,992,054
1,969,737
1,998,390
1,968,838
1,741,123
314,343
289,095
245,994
100,202
118,864
68,146
74,783
86,479
122,211
111,539
105,192
119,149
89,733
113,697
114,678
116,482
59,708
61,306
42,881
35,811
340,858
299,778
346,240
291,946
309,486
419,179
378,757
399,596
449,293
472,996
517,978
554,940
607,683
567,303
627,172
683,829
734,417
814,752
802,372
841,006
NA
NA
NA
NA
621
1,927
1,341
1,533
2,315
1,607
2,028
586
1,970
2,647
3,568
3,777
4,254
4,042
3,200
3,058
83,479
172,505
251,116
383,691
576,862
673,402
674,729
628,644
673,702
728,254
753,893
768,826
780,064
763,733
788,528
781,986
787,219
806,425
806,208
798,855
(f)
(f)
(f)
(f)
-3,508
-2,725
-3,088
-4,040
-4,467
-6,097
-5,539
-8,823
-8,743
-8,535
-8,488
-6,558
-6,558
-6,896
-6,288
-4,627
272,083
300,047
276,021
281,149
289,753
305,410
341,159
350,648
317,867
314,663
271,338
213,749
260,491
271,512
265,064
267,040
286,254
245,843
253,096
271,506
130
18
275
743
7,032
7,597
8,386
8,680
8,608
8,961
8,916
8,294
9,009
9,528
9,736
10,570
10,341
10,711
10,638
10,738
198
174
158
640
11,500
17,986
17,816
18,485
19,233
19,493
20,307
12,944
13,145
13,808
13,062
13,031
13,927
14,294
15,379
15,954
1,966
3,246
5,073
9,325
15,434
13,378
14,329
14,726
14,774
14,827
14,093
13,741
14,491
14,424
14,811
14,692
14,568
14,637
14,840
15,009
NA
NA
NA
11
367
497
521
511
502
495
493
543
555
534
575
550
508
612
864
891
6
2,789
3,164
3,234
3,288
3,026
4,488
5,593
6,737
10,354
11,187
14,144
17,811
26,589
34,450
55,363
73,886
1,860,710
1,917,649
2,286,439
2,469,841
2,901,322
3,194,230
3,284,141
3,329,375
3,457,416
3,529,982
3,637,529
3,580,053
3,698,458
3,721,159
3,808,360
3,902,192
3,908,077
4,005,343
3,974,349
3,809,837
2010 January ..............

February ............
March .................
April ...................
May ....................
June ...................
July ....................
August ...............
September .........
October ..............
November ..........
December ..........
Total ..................
171,660
151,461
142,665
125,615
141,669
163,912
177,778
175,848
147,157
130,663
133,815
165,494
1,827,738
4,111
2,166
2,299
2,109
2,801
3,792
4,199
3,375
2,608
2,037
1,879
3,302
34,679
66,847
59,556
56,492
58,124
66,862
85,033
106,961
112,961
85,498
70,876
62,305
69,875
901,389
275
247
275
273
279
265
267
249
240
170
219
208
2,967
72,569
65,245
64,635
57,611
66,658
68,301
71,913
71,574
69,371
62,751
62,655
73,683
806,968
-565
-351
-325
-335
-441
-472
-557
-600
-421
-438
-467
-530
-5,501
22,207
20,421
20,691
18,898
24,903
29,711
24,405
20,019
17,188
17,561
19,426
23,024
258,455
1,011
926
939
837
830
955
1,061
1,074
974
887
934
1,018
11,446
1,294
1,207
1,391
1,334
1,359
1,409
1,419
1,413
1,364
1,330
1,412
1,443
16,376
1,312
1,159
1,307
1,240
1,311
1,264
1,274
1,297
1,253
1,222
1,252
1,330
15,219
10
33
76
112
153
175
161
156
137
75
76
43
1,206
6,853
5,431
8,588
9,763
8,696
8,048
6,723
6,685
7,104
7,942
9,746
9,058
94,636
348,128
307,994
299,571
276,121
315,656
362,985
396,195
394,651
333,057
295,646
293,833
348,549
3,972,386
2011 January ..............

February ............
March .................
April ...................
May ....................
June ...................
July ....................
August ...............
September .........
October ..............
November ..........
December ..........
Total ..................
169,390
137,082
133,584
123,272
135,820
156,716
175,129
169,798
139,648
125,442
120,323
131,686
1,717,891
3,229
2,255
2,526
2,257
2,218
2,438
3,006
2,449
2,272
1,894
1,632
2,025
28,202
66,932
59,380
59,362
63,257
68,175
83,426
111,502
111,540
84,300
71,962
68,262
78,193
926,290
243
207
252
244
242
259
262
264
252
240
227
247
2,939
72,743
64,789
65,662
54,547
57,013
65,270
72,345
71,339
66,849
63,337
64,474
71,837
790,204
-426
-247
-349
-466
-418
-567
-708
-663
-553
-572
-441
-496
-5,905
25,386
23,970
30,945
31,008
32,386
31,999
31,173
25,666
21,254
19,660
20,533
23,552
317,531
981
886
897
705
760
936
1,048
1,038
916
807
800
959
10,733
1,247
1,180
1,299
1,251
1,296
1,365
1,413
1,407
1,319
1,354
1,403
1,455
15,989
1,351
1,219
1,342
1,243
1,322
1,218
1,273
1,279
1,229
1,285
1,275
1,329
15,364
37
81
116
155
181
210
181
218
177
151
103
117
1,727
8,547
10,448
10,540
12,417
11,767
10,981
7,486
7,471
6,865
10,519
12,431
10,649
120,121
350,234
301,798
306,808
290,519
311,401
354,929
404,802
392,471
325,143
296,704
291,657
322,237
3,948,701
2012 January ..............

February ............
March .................
April ...................
May ....................
June ...................
July ....................
August ...............
September .........
October ..............
10-Month Total
127,857
112,775
104,379
95,403
115,212
130,371
159,516
151,372
124,585
120,392
1,241,862
2,144
1,727
1,358
1,344
1,541
1,842
2,071
1,813
1,626
1,635
17,102
83,819
83,629
85,311
88,356
100,212
108,256
131,757
123,795
100,681
84,574
990,390
237
233
241
234
226
228
237
244
225
206
2,311
72,381
63,847
61,729
55,871
62,081
65,140
69,129
69,602
64,511
59,743
644,035
-330
-226
-268
-242
-343
-475
-587
-496
-401
-351
-3,718
23,181
20,201
25,580
25,973
28,357
26,476
26,646
23,045
17,467
16,097
233,022
952
879
830
642
802
869
989
1,016
892
829
8,701
1,349
1,264
1,394
1,395
1,426
1,414
1,467
1,379
1,348
1,360
13,796
1,415
1,339
1,413
1,335
1,422
1,380
1,421
1,388
1,377
1,413
13,903
83
132
240
334
493
544
506
451
447
417
3,646
13,798
11,157
13,888
12,804
12,565
11,936
8,719
8,282
8,675
12,507
114,330
327,525
297,543
296,736
284,075
324,644
348,626
402,532
382,523
322,061
299,443
3,285,708
2011 10-Month Total

2010 10-Month Total
1,465,882
1,528,429
24,545
29,497
779,835
769,209
2,465
2,541
653,893
670,630
-4,968
-4,504
273,446
216,005
8,974
9,494
13,131
13,521
12,760
12,637
1,508
1,086
97,040
75,833
3,334,808
3,330,004
synfuel.
b Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other
c Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels.
d Blast furnace gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from
e Pumped storage facility production minus energy used for pumping.
f Through 1989, hydroelectric pumped storage is included in "Conventional
Hydroelectric Power."
g Wood and wood-derived fuels.
96
NA
NA
NA
i Solar thermal and photovoltaic (PV) energy.

j Includes batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur,
miscellaneous technologies, and, beginning in 2001, non-renewable waste
(municipal solid waste from non-biogenic sources, and tire-derived fuels).
k Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only. Beginning in 1989, data are
for electric utilites and independent power producers.
NA=Not available.
Notes:

primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public. Totals
may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Geographic
Table 7.2c Electricity Net Generation: Commercial and Industrial Sectors

(Subset of Table 7.2a; Million Kilowatthours)
Commercial Sectora
Industrial Sectorb
Biomass
Coalc
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Petroleumd
Natural
Gase
Wastef
Totalg
Coalc
Petroleumd
Natural
Gase
Other
Gasesh
Hydroelectric
Poweri
Biomass
Woodj
Wastef
Totalk
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
NA
NA
NA
NA
796
998
1,051
1,040
985
995
1,097
995
992
1,206
1,340
1,353
1,310
1,371
1,261
1,096
NA
NA
NA
NA
589
379
369
427
383
434
432
438
431
423
499
375
235
189
142
163
NA
NA
NA
NA
3,272
5,162
5,249
4,725
4,879
4,607
4,262
4,434
4,310
3,899
3,969
4,249
4,355
4,257
4,188
4,225
NA
NA
NA
NA
812
1,519
2,176
2,342
2,335
2,393
1,985
1,007
1,053
1,289
1,562
1,657
1,599
1,599
1,534
1,748
NA
NA
NA
NA
5,837
8,232
9,030
8,701
8,748
8,563
7,903
7,416
7,415
7,496
8,270
8,492
8,371
8,273
7,926
8,165
NA
NA
NA
NA
21,107
22,372
22,172
23,214
22,337
21,474
22,056
20,135
21,525
19,817
19,773
19,466
19,464
16,694
15,703
13,686
NA
NA
NA
NA
7,008
6,030
6,260
5,649
6,206
6,088
5,597
5,293
4,403
5,285
5,967
5,368
4,223
4,243
3,219
2,963
NA
NA
NA
NA
60,007
71,717
71,049
75,078
77,085
78,793
78,798
79,755
79,013
78,705
78,959
72,882
77,669
77,580
76,421
75,748
NA
NA
NA
NA
9,641
11,943
13,015
11,814
11,170
12,519
11,927
8,454
9,493
12,953
11,684
9,687
9,923
9,411
8,507
7,574
3,347
3,106
3,161
3,161
2,975
5,304
5,878
5,685
5,349
4,758
4,135
3,145
3,825
4,222
3,248
3,195
2,899
1,590
1,676
1,868
NA
NA
NA
NA
25,379
28,868
28,354
28,225
27,693
28,060
28,652
26,888
29,643
27,988
28,367
28,271
28,400
28,287
26,641
25,292
NA
NA
NA
NA
949
900
919
882
880
686
839
596
846
715
797
733
572
631
821
740
3,347
3,106
3,161
3,161
130,830
151,025
151,017
154,097
154,132
156,264
156,673
149,175
152,580
154,530
153,925
144,739
148,254
143,128
137,113
132,329
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
116
102
91
80
84
97
110
105
89
80
69
88
1,111
13
11
8
9
12
10
18
11
9
7
4
12
124
367
339
351
326
326
350
459
490
421
419
401
476
4,725
137
111
134
144
149
150
146
152
148
133
134
136
1,672
709
623
661
645
666
699
812
838
750
712
683
793
8,592
1,544
1,481
1,649
1,258
1,519
1,482
1,713
1,792
1,499
1,527
1,301
1,677
18,441
225
197
163
169
181
187
194
189
165
184
196
209
2,258
6,959
6,303
6,588
6,194
6,477
6,885
7,205
7,701
7,085
6,443
6,520
7,223
81,583
634
578
735
669
738
700
696
812
713
637
688
744
8,343
169
162
188
187
164
132
107
99
76
117
130
134
1,668
2,114
1,967
2,149
2,094
2,061
2,137
2,246
2,243
2,182
2,114
2,145
2,255
25,706
72
64
67
80
69
68
75
78
62
84
79
71
869
12,120
11,118
11,936
11,034
11,614
12,075
12,718
13,395
12,238
11,562
11,493
12,777
144,082
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
108
104
100
77
82
90
104
94
84
65
62
78
1,049
21
11
7
4
5
3
7
7
7
6
7
6
89
421
367
373
357
471
463
605
571
487
438
437
499
5,487
186
169
188
179
202
200
205
210
195
190
195
195
2,315
817
725
753
706
867
860
1,023
985
870
799
800
874
10,080
1,304
1,125
1,161
1,139
1,199
1,249
1,353
1,389
1,209
1,120
1,077
1,165
14,490
207
168
160
163
156
152
141
138
145
162
143
155
1,891
6,901
6,177
6,212
6,416
6,597
6,802
7,517
7,745
6,953
6,419
6,742
7,429
81,911
687
600
693
674
633
753
836
823
752
700
715
758
8,624
143
160
187
184
198
150
109
96
122
126
146
178
1,799
2,307
2,048
2,181
2,090
2,033
2,292
2,312
2,343
2,260
2,146
2,286
2,392
26,691
82
78
78
73
66
67
71
76
75
86
86
81
917
12,054
10,770
11,149
11,175
11,359
11,938
12,868
13,085
11,948
11,224
11,663
12,642
141,875
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
84
78
70
64
70
68
78
71
58
43
684
7
5
5
6
6
10
12
10
8
9
76
528
499
476
468
480
493
553
498
480
471
4,945
203
202
199
202
210
202
219
220
211
219
2,088
913
875
853
843
880
880
980
917
869
855
8,865
1,175
1,055
1,097
998
1,063
1,130
1,344
1,299
1,124
1,152
11,435
294
194
197
214
180
204
205
249
231
217
2,186
7,293
6,963
6,716
6,522
7,235
7,266
7,892
7,535
7,045
7,096
71,564
743
771
769
745
742
717
731
779
668
614
7,280
175
157
186
160
182
131
109
97
92
107
1,396
2,412
2,246
2,106
2,022
2,193
2,188
2,304
2,293
2,249
2,241
22,253
77
72
70
72
77
71
82
77
69
81
746
12,480
11,733
11,452
11,022
12,006
12,000
13,003
12,669
11,805
11,860
120,029

909
954
76
108
4,551
3,849
1,925
1,402
8,406
7,115
12,248
15,464
1,593
1,853
67,740
67,840
7,151
6,911
1,475
1,404
22,012
21,306
750
719
117,570
119,812
a Commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and commercial electricity-only

plants.
b Industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial electricity-only
plants.
c Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and coal
synfuel.
d Distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petroleum coke, jet fuel, kerosene, other
e Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels.
f Municipal solid waste from biogenic sources, landfill gas, sludge waste,
g Includes a small amount of conventional hydroelectric power, other gases,
photovoltaic (PV) energy, wind, wood, and other, which are not separately
displayed.
h Blast furnace gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from
i Conventional hydroelectric power.
j Wood and wood-derived fuels.
k Includes photovoltaic (PV) energy, wind, batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch,
purchased steam, sulfur, miscellaneous technologies, and, beginning in 2001,
NA=Not available.
97
Figure 7.3
Consumption of Selected Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation
Coal by Sector, 1989-2011
Petroleum by Sector, 1989-2011

300
1.2
250
Totala
Totala
Electric Power
Million Barrels
Million Short Tons
0.9
0.6
200
150
Electric Power
100
0.3
50
Industrial
Industrial
0.0
1990
1995
2000
2005
1990
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
Other Gasesb by Sector, 1989-2011
Natural Gas by Sector, 1989-2011

8
200
Totala
150
Totala
Trillion Btu
Trillion Cubic Feet
4
Electric Power
100
Industrial
50
Electric Power
Industrial
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Wood by Sector, 1989-2011
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Waste by Sector, 1989-2011

400
750
300
Total
Trillion Btu
Trillion Btu
500
Totala
250
Industrial
200
Electric Power
100
Industrial
Electric Power
Commercial
0
1990
a
1995
2000
2005
2010

Blast furnace gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from
fossil fuels. Through 2010, also includes propane gas .
b
98
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010

Table 7.3a Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation:

Total (All Sectors) (Sum of Tables 7.3b and 7.3c)
Petroleum
Distillate
Fuel Oilb
Coala
Thousand
Short Tons
Residual
Fuel Oilc
Other
Liquidsd
Thousand Barrels
Biomass
Petroleum
Cokee
Totale
Natural
Gasf
Thousand
Short Tons
Thousand
Barrels
Billion
Cubic Feet
Other
Gasesg
Wastei
Otherj
Trillion Btu
1973 Total ....................

1975 Total ....................
1980 Total ....................
1985 Total ....................
1990 Total k .................
1995 Total ....................
1996 Total ....................
1997 Total ....................
1998 Total ....................
1999 Total ....................
2000 Total ....................
2001 Total ....................
2002 Total ....................
2003 Total ....................
2004 Total ....................
2005 Total ....................
2006 Total ....................
2007 Total ....................
2008 Total ....................
2009 Total ....................
389,212
405,962
569,274
693,841
792,457
860,594
907,209
931,949
946,295
949,802
994,933
972,691
987,583
1,014,058
1,020,523
1,041,448
1,030,556
1,046,795
1,042,335
934,683
47,058
38,907
29,051
14,635
18,143
19,615
20,252
20,309
25,062
25,951
31,675
31,150
23,286
29,672
20,163
20,651
13,174
15,683
12,832
12,658
513,190
467,221
391,163
158,779
190,652
95,507
106,055
118,741
172,728
158,187
143,381
165,312
109,235
142,518
142,088
141,518
58,473
63,833
38,191
28,576
NA
NA
NA
NA
437
680
1,712
237
549
974
1,450
855
1,894
2,947
2,856
2,968
2,174
2,917
2,822
2,328
507
70
179
231
1,914
3,355
3,322
4,086
4,860
4,552
3,744
3,871
6,836
6,303
7,677
8,330
7,363
6,036
5,417
4,821
562,781
506,479
421,110
174,571
218,800
132,578
144,626
159,715
222,640
207,871
195,228
216,672
168,597
206,653
203,494
206,785
110,634
112,615
80,932
67,668
3,660
3,158
3,682
3,044
3,692
4,738
4,312
4,565
5,081
5,322
5,691
5,832
6,126
5,616
5,675
6,036
6,462
7,089
6,896
7,121
NA
NA
NA
NA
112
133
159
119
125
126
126
97
131
156
135
110
115
115
97
84
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
90,767
80,209
76,544
67,037
76,061
87,395
94,993
94,786
79,573
70,918
72,756
88,645
979,684
2,485
869
785
726
1,050
1,244
1,347
1,093
905
787
876
1,883
14,050
2,860
1,075
1,245
1,160
1,997
3,087
3,681
2,987
1,789
1,113
982
2,021
23,997
241
212
147
126
121
154
200
164
151
129
143
266
2,056
433
404
438
382
415
493
524
423
394
362
317
408
4,994
7,751
4,174
4,370
3,923
5,244
6,950
7,849
6,358
4,813
3,840
3,588
6,210
65,071
570
502
479
494
582
731
923
972
723
594
519
591
7,680
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
90,208
73,614
72,645
67,128
73,522
84,156
94,304
92,297
76,790
69,605
67,059
73,610
934,938
1,347
913
907
1,005
973
968
1,138
831
736
753
768
892
11,231
1,723
1,020
1,113
1,333
1,230
1,249
1,550
1,313
942
938
917
922
14,251
255
144
140
111
88
138
238
146
156
143
147
138
1,844
552
431
517
336
357
432
510
464
454
338
257
365
5,012
6,086
4,230
4,746
4,130
4,078
4,514
5,476
4,610
4,105
3,522
3,115
3,775
52,387
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
70,846
62,906
57,442
51,893
62,978
71,750
86,667
82,862
69,490
66,745
683,579
816
689
599
789
907
899
894
723
681
776
7,773
994
760
875
799
839
1,299
1,608
1,143
836
937
10,090
78
118
128
141
166
177
174
154
112
148
1,396
465
354
234
202
245
265
291
319
313
266
2,955

794,269
818,283
9,571
11,291
12,412
20,994
1,560
1,646
4,391
4,268
synfuel.
b Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. For 1973-1979, data are for gas turbine and internal
combustion plant use of petroleum. For 1980-2000, electric utility data also include
small amounts of kerosene and jet fuel.
c Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. For 1973-1979, data are for steam plant use of
petroleum. For 1980-2000, electric utility data also include a small amount of fuel
oil no. 4.
d Jet fuel, kerosene, other petroleum liquids, waste oil, and, beginning in 2011,
propane.
e Petroleum coke is converted from short tons to barrels by multiplying by 5.
f Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels.
g Blast furnace gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from
h Wood and wood-derived fuels.
i Municipal solid waste from biogenic sources, landfill gas, sludge waste,
Woodh
1
3
8
442
480
513
484
475
490
496
486
605
519
344
355
350
353
339
320
2
2
2
7
211
316
324
339
332
332
330
228
257
249
230
230
241
245
267
272
NA
NA
NA
NA
36
42
37
36
36
41
46
160
191
193
183
173
172
168
172
170
7
6
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
6
7
8
90
30
28
29
27
27
29
31
32
30
28
29
31
350
22
20
24
23
24
24
24
24
23
23
24
24
281
15
13
15
15
15
16
16
16
16
15
15
16
184
564
505
503
546
599
727
967
951
712
600
568
642
7,884
7
6
7
7
7
8
9
9
8
7
8
8
91
31
28
29
25
26
30
31
32
30
27
28
31
348
22
21
23
22
23
24
25
25
23
24
24
25
279
16
15
17
17
18
18
19
18
17
17
17
18
205
4,213
3,340
2,771
2,741
3,138
3,698
4,131
3,617
3,196
3,188
34,032
675
673
702
742
844
911
1,123
1,034
834
699
8,239
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
7
7
78
33
31
28
26
29
30
32
33
31
29
303
22
21
23
23
24
23
25
23
22
23
228
15
14
15
14
16
15
16
16
15
15
150
45,496
55,273
6,674
6,570
76
75
288
289
230
233
170
153
(s)

j Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, miscellaneous
technologies, and, beginning in 2001, non-renewable waste (municipal solid waste
from non-biogenic sources, and tire-derived fuels).
for electric utilities, independent power producers, commercial plants, and industrial
plants.
NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu.
Notes: Data are for fuels consumed to produce electricity. Data also include
fuels consumed to produce useful thermal output at a small number of electric utility
combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants. Totals may not equal sum of
99
Table 7.3b Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation:

Electric Power Sector (Subset of Table 7.3a)
Petroleum
Distillate
Fuel Oilb
Coala
Thousand
Short Tons
Residual
Fuel Oilc
Other
Liquidsd
Thousand Barrels
Biomass
Petroleum
Cokee
Totale
Natural
Gasf
Thousand
Short Tons
Thousand
Barrels
Billion
Cubic Feet
1973 Total ....................

1975 Total ....................
1980 Total ....................
1985 Total ....................
1990 Total k .................
1995 Total ....................
1996 Total ....................
1997 Total ....................
1998 Total ....................
1999 Total ....................
2000 Total ....................
2001 Total ....................
2002 Total ....................
2003 Total ....................
2004 Total ....................
2005 Total ....................
2006 Total ....................
2007 Total ....................
2008 Total ....................
2009 Total ....................
389,212
405,962
569,274
693,841
781,301
847,854
894,400
919,009
934,126
937,888
982,713
961,523
975,251
1,003,036
1,012,459
1,033,567
1,022,802
1,041,346
1,036,891
929,692
47,058
38,907
29,051
14,635
16,394
18,066
18,472
18,646
23,166
23,875
29,722
29,056
21,810
27,441
18,793
19,450
12,578
15,135
12,318
11,848
513,190
467,221
391,163
158,779
183,285
88,895
98,795
112,423
165,875
151,921
138,047
159,150
104,577
137,361
138,831
138,337
56,347
62,072
37,222
27,768
NA
NA
NA
NA
25
441
567
130
411
514
403
374
1,243
1,937
2,511
2,591
1,783
2,496
2,608
2,110
507
70
179
231
1,008
2,452
2,467
3,201
3,999
3,607
3,155
3,308
5,705
5,719
7,135
7,877
6,905
5,523
5,000
4,485
562,781
506,479
421,110
174,571
204,745
119,663
130,168
147,202
209,447
194,345
183,946
205,119
156,154
195,336
195,809
199,760
105,235
107,316
77,149
64,151
3,660
3,158
3,682
3,044
3,147
4,094
3,660
3,903
4,416
4,644
5,014
5,142
5,408
4,909
5,075
5,485
5,891
6,502
6,342
6,567
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
90,080
79,537
75,772
66,559
75,311
86,725
94,194
93,922
78,881
70,205
72,206
87,854
971,245
2,441
833
756
695
1,021
1,220
1,306
1,066
880
762
849
1,847
13,677
2,804
1,023
1,214
1,132
1,964
3,059
3,643
2,962
1,760
1,076
949
1,973
23,560
219
196
130
112
104
137
185
149
136
112
125
244
1,848
404
379
415
360
390
463
495
392
371
337
290
383
4,679
7,482
3,946
4,176
3,741
5,040
6,733
7,610
6,136
4,628
3,634
3,373
5,978
62,477
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
89,681
73,167
72,148
66,643
73,010
83,622
93,724
91,707
76,286
69,165
66,642
73,063
928,857
1,314
886
882
989
955
951
1,117
812
714
727
745
868
10,961
1,660
977
1,082
1,302
1,206
1,223
1,524
1,287
915
906
889
891
13,861
238
127
124
96
72
123
223
130
140
128
132
123
1,655
524
409
495
312
333
409
491
440
428
312
232
339
4,726
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
70,382
62,486
57,010
51,504
62,569
71,310
86,138
82,344
69,048
66,287
679,077
797
674
582
766
885
871
867
696
656
749
7,544
958
725
845
773
808
1,276
1,579
1,119
812
914
9,809
62
102
119
113
158
159
166
147
101
125
1,252

789,152
811,185
9,348
10,980
12,081
20,638
1,400
1,479
synfuel.
b Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. For 1973-1979, data are for gas turbine and internal
combustion plant use of petroleum. For 1980-2000, electric utility data also include
small amounts of kerosene and jet fuel.
c Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. For 1973-1979, data are for steam plant use of
oil no. 4.
propane.
100
Other
Gasesg
Woodh
Wastei
Otherj
Trillion Btu
NA
NA
NA
NA
6
18
16
14
23
14
19
9
25
30
27
24
28
27
23
21
3
8
106
106
117
117
125
125
126
116
141
156
150
166
163
165
159
160
2
2
2
7
180
282
280
292
287
290
294
205
224
216
206
205
216
221
242
244
519
456
432
449
536
681
869
915
671
547
473
538
7,085
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
20
16
15
15
14
13
15
16
16
15
13
15
16
177
20
18
21
20
21
21
22
22
21
20
21
22
249
9
8
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
116
5,833
4,033
4,563
3,948
3,899
4,344
5,317
4,430
3,911
3,321
2,926
3,579
50,105
512
459
457
498
548
675
909
893
659
551
518
586
7,265
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
18
15
14
14
11
12
14
16
16
14
13
12
15
166
19
18
20
19
20
21
21
21
20
20
21
22
241
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
11
11
11
12
132
382
306
183
153
196
215
237
247
247
213
2,378
3,727
3,032
2,463
2,415
2,831
3,380
3,796
3,195
2,807
2,851
30,497
620
621
652
693
789
856
1,063
977
781
645
7,698
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
14
15
14
12
10
12
13
15
15
14
12
132
19
17
20
20
21
20
21
20
19
20
197
11
10
10
10
11
11
12
11
11
11
107
4,154
4,006
43,600
53,126
6,161
6,075
15
17
138
147
199
206
110
96
(s)
NA
NA
NA
NA
(s)
2
2
1
2
1
1
109
137
136
131
116
117
117
122
115
Notes: Data are for fuels consumed to produce electricity. Data also include
fuels consumed to produce useful thermal output at a small number of electric utility
combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants. The electric power sector comprises
electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS 22
category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the
public. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.
Table 7.3c Consumption of Selected Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation:

Commercial and Industrial Sectors (Subset of Table 7.3a)
Commercial Sectora
Industrial Sectorb
Biomass
1989 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Biomass
Coalc
Petroleumd
Natural
Gase
Wastef
Coalc
Petroleumd
Natural
Gase
Thousand
Short Tons
Thousand
Barrels
Billion
Cubic Feet
Trillion
Btu
Thousand
Short Tons
Thousand
Barrels
Billion
Cubic Feet
Other
Gasesg
Woodh
Wastef
Otheri
Trillion Btu
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
414
417
569
656
630
440
481
514
532
477
582
377
377
347
361
369
317
1,165
953
649
645
790
802
931
823
1,023
834
894
766
585
333
258
166
190
18
28
43
42
39
41
39
37
36
33
38
33
34
35
34
33
34
9
15
21
31
34
32
33
26
15
18
19
19
20
21
19
20
23
9,707
10,740
12,171
12,153
12,311
11,728
11,432
11,706
10,636
11,855
10,440
7,687
7,504
7,408
5,089
5,075
4,674
8,482
13,103
12,265
13,813
11,723
12,392
12,595
10,459
10,530
11,608
10,424
6,919
6,440
5,066
5,041
3,617
3,328
444
517
601
610
623
625
639
640
654
685
668
566
518
536
554
520
520
83
104
114
143
105
102
112
107
88
106
127
108
85
87
88
73
62
267
335
373
394
367
349
364
369
370
464
362
194
189
187
188
179
160
15
16
13
13
14
13
8
10
7
15
13
5
5
3
4
5
4
37
36
40
35
36
35
39
45
44
43
46
41
46
45
41
39
42
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
32
28
26
23
23
27
30
29
26
23
21
26
314
18
16
12
11
14
13
26
15
13
11
7
15
172
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
3
3
3
4
39
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
24
654
643
746
456
727
643
769
835
666
690
529
765
8,125
252
212
182
171
190
204
213
207
171
195
208
217
2,422
48
43
44
42
44
47
50
53
48
44
43
48
555
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
7
6
5
6
6
70
14
13
14
14
14
14
15
15
15
14
14
15
172
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
4
5
55
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
40
39
37
25
25
27
32
29
26
21
21
26
347
27
16
11
5
5
5
14
12
13
10
11
9
137
4
3
3
3
4
4
5
5
4
4
4
4
47
3
2
3
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
31
487
409
460
460
487
507
548
562
479
419
397
521
5,735
226
180
173
177
174
165
145
168
181
191
179
187
2,145
48
43
43
45
47
48
53
54
49
45
47
51
572
6
5
5
6
6
7
7
7
6
6
6
6
74
16
14
15
14
14
16
16
16
15
15
16
16
182
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
7
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
5
5
5
57
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
29
27
25
22
24
26
30
28
24
20
256
9
7
8
10
9
15
18
16
12
13
116
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
4
4
4
41
3
3
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
3
26
435
393
407
366
385
413
500
491
418
438
4,246
476
301
300
316
298
303
318
407
377
324
3,419
50
48
46
45
51
51
55
53
50
50
500
6
7
7
6
6
6
6
7
6
5
64
18
17
15
16
17
17
18
18
17
17
171
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
30

301
267
117
150
39
32
26
20
4,817
6,830
1,779
1,997
474
463
61
58
150
142
5
7
47
46

plants.
plants.
synfuel.
i Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, miscellaneous

Notes: Data are for fuels consumed to produce electricity. Through 1988,
data are not available. See Note, "Classification of Power Plants Into
Energy-Use Sectors," at end of section. Totals may not equal sum of
EIA-867, "Annual Nonutility Power Producer Report." 1998-2000: EIA, Form
EIA-860B, "Annual Electric Generator ReportNonutility." 2001-2003: EIA,
Form EIA-906, "Power Plant Report." 2004-2007: EIA, Form EIA-906, "Power
Plant Report," and Form EIA-920, "Combined Heat and Power Plant Report."
2008 forward: EIA, Form EIA-923, "Power Plant Operations Report."
101
Figure 7.4
Consumption of Selected Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation

and Useful Thermal Output
Coal by Sector, 1989-2011
Petroleum by Sector, 1989-2011

360
1.2
Totala
270
Electric Power
Million Barrels
Billion Short Tons
0.9
0.6
Totala
180
Electric Power
90
0.3
Industrial
Industrial
0.0
1990
1995
2000
0
2005
1990
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
Other Gasesb by Sector, 1989-2011
Natural Gas by Sector, 1989-2011
400
10
Totala
Totala
300
Electric Power
6
4
Trillion Btu
Trillion Cubic Feet
Industrial
200
100
Electric Power
2
Industrial
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
1990
2010
Wood by Sector, 1989-2011
2000
2005
2010
2005
2010
Waste by Sector, 1989-2011
1.6
500
Total
Total
400
1.2
Industrial
Trillion Btu
Quadrillion Btu
1995
0.8
0.4
300
Electric Power
200
100
Commercial
Electric Power
0.0
1990
a
1995
2000
2005
2010

Blast furnace gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from
fossil fuels. Through 2010, also includes propane gas .
b
102
Industrial
0
1990
1995
2000

Table 7.4a Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation

and Useful Thermal Output: Total (All Sectors) (Sum of Tables 7.4b and 7.4c)
Petroleum
Distillate
Fuel Oilb
Coala
Thousand
Short Tons
Residual
Fuel Oilc
Other
Liquidsd
Thousand Barrels
Biomass
Petroleum
Cokee
Totale
Natural
Gasf
Thousand
Short Tons
Thousand
Barrels
Billion
Cubic Feet
Other
Gasesg
Woodh
Wastei
Otherj
Trillion Btu
1973 Total ....................

1975 Total ....................
1980 Total ....................
1985 Total ....................
1990 Total k .................
1995 Total ....................
1996 Total ....................
1997 Total ....................
1998 Total ....................
1999 Total ....................
2000 Total ....................
2001 Total ....................
2002 Total ....................
2003 Total ....................
2004 Total ....................
2005 Total ....................
2006 Total ....................
2007 Total ....................
2008 Total ....................
2009 Total ....................
389,212
405,962
569,274
693,841
811,538
881,012
928,015
952,955
966,615
970,175
1,015,398
991,635
1,005,144
1,031,778
1,044,798
1,065,281
1,053,783
1,069,606
1,064,503
955,190
47,058
38,907
29,051
14,635
20,194
21,697
22,444
22,893
30,006
30,616
34,572
33,724
24,749
31,825
23,520
24,446
14,655
17,042
14,137
14,800
513,190
467,221
391,163
158,779
209,081
112,168
124,607
134,623
189,267
172,319
156,673
177,137
118,637
152,859
157,478
156,915
69,846
74,616
43,477
33,672
NA
NA
NA
NA
1,332
1,322
2,468
526
1,230
1,812
2,904
1,418
3,257
4,576
4,764
4,270
3,396
4,237
3,765
3,218
507
70
179
231
2,832
4,590
4,596
6,095
6,196
5,989
4,669
4,532
7,353
7,067
8,721
9,113
8,622
7,299
6,314
5,828
562,781
506,479
421,110
174,571
244,765
158,140
172,499
188,517
251,486
234,694
217,494
234,940
183,409
224,593
229,364
231,193
131,005
132,389
92,948
80,830
3,660
3,158
3,682
3,044
4,346
5,572
5,178
5,433
6,030
6,305
6,677
6,731
6,986
6,337
6,727
7,021
7,404
7,962
7,689
7,938
NA
NA
NA
NA
288
313
346
307
334
350
356
263
278
294
353
348
341
329
300
259
1
0
3
8
1,256
1,382
1,389
1,397
1,349
1,352
1,380
1,182
1,287
1,266
1,360
1,353
1,399
1,336
1,263
1,137
2
2
2
7
257
374
392
407
404
400
401
263
289
293
282
289
300
304
328
333
NA
NA
NA
NA
86
97
91
103
95
101
109
229
252
262
254
237
247
239
212
228
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
92,738
82,029
78,383
69,179
77,725
89,063
96,783
96,593
81,250
72,571
74,496
90,600
1,001,411
2,643
978
866
837
1,111
1,295
1,455
1,185
961
871
1,017
2,029
15,247
3,212
1,397
1,439
1,355
2,221
3,291
3,921
3,190
2,006
1,370
1,212
2,332
26,944
338
286
207
176
176
204
244
206
191
186
204
361
2,777
525
497
522
458
500
586
613
510
475
453
414
499
6,053
8,819
5,143
5,124
4,656
6,005
7,721
8,684
7,132
5,534
4,693
4,503
7,218
75,231
643
566
547
556
647
796
997
1,047
791
662
586
665
8,502
21
19
23
22
23
23
22
23
22
20
21
23
262
103
96
103
98
98
101
105
106
103
101
102
109
1,226
29
26
30
29
29
29
29
29
27
29
30
30
346
18
17
19
19
20
21
21
21
20
20
20
21
237
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
92,292
75,447
74,514
68,841
75,298
85,881
96,128
94,103
78,479
71,317
68,748
75,422
956,470
1,411
986
965
1,034
1,016
1,001
1,169
855
770
797
805
926
11,735
2,123
1,247
1,327
1,537
1,416
1,450
1,738
1,515
1,136
1,147
1,118
1,123
16,877
329
213
201
166
146
191
292
204
207
201
201
189
2,540
645
521
603
428
452
521
599
545
545
429
345
460
6,092
7,087
5,052
5,506
4,876
4,838
5,246
6,194
5,298
4,837
4,289
3,848
4,537
61,610
636
570
570
610
666
794
1,045
1,030
782
666
636
718
8,724
23
22
24
22
23
24
25
25
24
24
23
24
282
111
99
104
96
95
104
107
107
104
100
103
111
1,241
28
26
28
26
27
28
29
29
28
30
30
31
340
20
19
22
21
22
23
24
23
21
22
22
23
261
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
72,795
64,604
59,142
53,407
64,678
73,344
88,319
84,597
71,050
68,476
700,411
847
710
626
814
938
943
937
754
705
803
8,077
1,188
892
994
920
991
1,458
1,767
1,303
973
1,087
11,572
131
168
198
219
206
234
205
180
146
214
1,901
561
449
360
317
355
365
385
412
406
379
3,988
4,970
4,015
3,617
3,538
3,909
4,458
4,836
4,297
3,854
3,999
41,492
755
746
775
814
917
987
1,203
1,113
908
774
8,992
26
25
27
25
26
25
25
26
23
22
250
109
101
96
91
100
100
105
103
101
98
1,005
28
26
29
27
29
28
29
28
27
29
281
18
16
17
17
18
18
18
18
17
17
173

812,300
836,315
10,005
12,201
14,635
23,400
2,150
2,212
5,287
5,139
53,225
63,510
7,370
7,251
235
218
1,026
1,014
279
286
216
196
synfuel.
b Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. Through 2000, electric utility data also include small
c Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. Through 2000, electric utility data also include a small
propane.

for electric utilities, independent power producers, commercial plants, and industrial
plants.
NA=Not available.
103
Table 7.4b Consumption of Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation

and Useful Thermal Output: Electric Power Sector (Subset of Table 7.4a)
Petroleum
Distillate
Fuel Oilb
Coala
Thousand
Short Tons
Residual
Fuel Oilc
Other
Liquidsd
Thousand Barrels
Biomass
Petroleum
Cokee
Totale
Natural
Gasf
Thousand
Short Tons
Thousand
Barrels
Billion
Cubic Feet
Other
Gasesg
389,212
405,962
569,274
693,841
782,567
850,230
896,921
921,364
936,619
940,922
985,821
964,433
977,507
1,005,116
1,016,268
1,037,485
1,026,636
1,045,141
1,040,580
933,627
47,058
38,907
29,051
14,635
16,567
18,553
18,780
18,989
23,300
24,058
30,016
29,274
21,876
27,632
19,107
19,675
12,646
15,327
12,547
12,035
513,190
467,221
391,163
158,779
184,915
90,023
99,951
113,669
166,528
152,493
138,513
159,504
104,773
138,279
139,816
139,409
57,345
63,086
38,241
28,782
NA
NA
NA
NA
26
499
653
152
431
544
454
377
1,267
2,026
2,713
2,685
1,870
2,594
2,670
2,210
507
70
179
231
1,008
2,674
2,642
3,372
4,102
3,735
3,275
3,427
5,816
5,799
7,372
8,083
7,101
5,685
5,119
4,611
562,781
506,479
421,110
174,571
206,550
122,447
132,593
149,668
210,769
195,769
185,358
206,291
156,996
196,932
198,498
202,184
107,365
109,431
79,056
66,081
3,660
3,158
3,682
3,044
3,245
4,237
3,807
4,065
4,588
4,820
5,206
5,342
5,672
5,135
5,464
5,869
6,222
6,841
6,668
6,873
NA
NA
NA
NA
11
24
20
24
29
19
25
15
33
41
58
84
65
61
61
55
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
90,452
79,884
76,110
66,842
75,597
87,030
94,519
94,247
79,176
70,492
72,514
88,189
975,052
2,459
851
759
699
1,023
1,222
1,309
1,068
883
772
890
1,854
13,790
2,887
1,061
1,256
1,214
2,055
3,147
3,730
3,051
1,845
1,161
1,035
2,062
24,503
222
219
131
112
104
137
185
149
136
112
126
245
1,877
413
389
427
369
400
471
503
394
372
346
301
391
4,777
7,636
4,076
4,281
3,871
5,181
6,860
7,742
6,236
4,726
3,773
3,557
6,118
64,055
546
480
457
471
560
706
897
943
697
570
497
564
7,387
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
90,021
73,474
72,458
66,930
73,338
83,908
94,037
92,012
76,569
69,458
66,919
73,359
932,484
1,322
911
885
991
957
954
1,120
816
716
730
748
870
11,021
1,745
1,024
1,153
1,384
1,286
1,303
1,609
1,375
1,002
990
968
965
14,803
239
127
124
96
72
123
223
130
140
128
134
123
1,658
529
417
506
321
344
419
501
451
439
319
241
350
4,837
5,953
4,148
4,692
4,078
4,034
4,474
5,458
4,575
4,052
3,445
3,052
3,707
51,667
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
70,720
62,755
57,300
51,751
62,868
71,595
86,429
82,643
69,321
66,565
681,948
800
676
585
769
890
874
871
699
659
753
7,575
1,050
787
895
836
889
1,362
1,656
1,199
889
997
10,557
63
102
119
113
158
159
166
147
101
125
1,253
393
317
194
162
207
221
246
256
257
222
2,472

792,206
814,349
9,403
11,046
12,871
21,406
1,401
1,507
4,247
4,084
104
Wastei
Otherj
Trillion Btu
1973 Total ....................

1975 Total ....................
1980 Total ....................
1985 Total ....................
1990 Total k .................
1995 Total ....................
1996 Total ....................
1997 Total ....................
1998 Total ....................
1999 Total ....................
2000 Total ....................
2001 Total ....................
2002 Total ....................
2003 Total ....................
2004 Total ....................
2005 Total ....................
2006 Total ....................
2007 Total ....................
2008 Total ....................
2009 Total ....................
synfuel.
b Fuel oil nos. 1, 2, and 4. Through 2000, electric utility data also include small
c Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. Through 2000, electric utility data also include a small
propane.
Woodh
1
3
8
129
125
138
137
137
138
134
126
150
167
165
185
182
186
177
180
2
2
2
7
188
296
300
309
308
315
318
211
230
230
223
221
231
237
258
261
5
4
5
5
5
5
5
4
4
3
4
4
52
17
16
16
15
14
16
17
18
16
15
16
17
196
21
20
22
21
22
23
23
23
22
22
23
23
264
10
9
10
10
10
11
11
11
10
10
10
11
124
540
484
482
521
572
699
939
921
684
575
543
614
7,574
4
4
5
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
50
17
16
15
12
13
16
17
17
15
14
14
16
182
21
19
21
20
21
22
22
22
21
22
22
23
255
11
10
12
12
12
12
13
13
12
12
12
12
142
3,877
3,149
2,568
2,526
2,971
3,497
3,922
3,324
2,933
2,982
31,747
648
648
677
720
817
885
1,093
1,007
807
671
7,973
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
41
16
15
14
11
13
15
16
16
15
14
145
21
19
21
20
22
21
22
21
20
21
209
12
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
11
11
115
44,908
54,380
6,417
6,326
42
44
152
162
210
218
118
103
(s)
NA
NA
NA
NA
(s)
2
2
1
2
1
1
113
143
140
138
123
125
124
131
124
Notes:

Table 7.4c Consumption of Selected Combustible Fuels for Electricity Generation

and Useful Thermal Output: Commercial and Industrial Sectors (Subset of Table 7.4a)
Commercial Sectora
Industrial Sectorb
Biomass
Biomass
Coalc
Petroleumd
Natural
Gase
Wastef
Coalc
Petroleumd
Natural
Gase
Thousand
Short Tons
Thousand
Barrels
Billion
Cubic Feet
Trillion
Btu
Thousand
Short Tons
Thousand
Barrels
Billion
Cubic Feet
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
1,125
1,191
1,419
1,660
1,738
1,443
1,490
1,547
1,448
1,405
1,816
1,917
1,922
1,886
1,927
2,021
1,798
1,967
2,056
1,245
1,246
1,584
1,807
1,613
1,615
1,832
1,250
1,449
2,009
1,630
935
752
671
521
30
46
78
82
87
87
84
85
79
74
58
72
68
68
70
66
76
22
28
40
53
58
54
54
47
25
26
29
34
34
36
31
34
36
24,867
27,781
29,363
29,434
29,853
28,553
27,763
28,031
25,755
26,232
24,846
26,613
25,875
25,262
22,537
21,902
19,766
25,444
36,159
34,448
38,661
37,265
38,910
37,312
30,520
26,817
25,163
26,212
28,857
27,380
22,706
22,207
13,222
14,228
914
1,055
1,258
1,289
1,282
1,355
1,401
1,386
1,310
1,240
1,144
1,191
1,084
1,115
1,050
955
990
195
275
290
325
283
305
331
331
248
245
253
295
264
277
268
239
204
926
1,125
1,255
1,249
1,259
1,211
1,213
1,244
1,054
1,136
1,097
1,193
1,166
1,216
1,148
1,084
955
35
41
38
39
41
42
31
35
27
34
34
24
34
33
36
35
35
85
86
95
89
102
93
99
108
101
92
103
94
94
102
98
60
82
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
193
167
149
117
118
135
142
152
133
121
128
165
1,720
55
47
26
24
28
26
59
46
27
21
22
55
437
7
7
7
6
6
6
8
9
7
7
7
8
86
3
3
3
3
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
36
2,094
1,978
2,124
2,220
2,010
1,898
2,122
2,194
1,941
1,958
1,854
2,246
24,638
1,128
1,021
817
761
796
835
883
849
780
899
924
1,045
10,740
90
80
84
79
82
84
91
95
87
84
82
92
1,029
17
15
18
18
18
18
17
19
18
17
17
19
210
86
79
86
83
83
85
88
88
87
86
86
91
1,029
4
4
4
5
3
3
3
3
3
5
5
4
47
6
7
7
7
7
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
91
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
189
173
164
124
124
130
145
129
122
110
117
139
1,668
103
48
26
8
12
9
23
20
23
14
28
19
333
7
6
6
6
7
7
9
9
8
7
7
8
87
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
43
2,082
1,800
1,891
1,787
1,836
1,843
1,946
1,962
1,788
1,748
1,712
1,923
22,319
1,031
856
788
791
791
764
714
703
762
830
767
812
9,610
90
81
82
83
87
88
97
99
91
85
86
96
1,063
18
18
19
18
19
20
20
20
20
20
19
20
232
94
83
88
84
82
88
90
90
88
86
90
95
1,057
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
5
4
43
7
7
8
8
8
8
9
8
7
8
8
8
94
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
162
141
135
115
121
114
118
126
116
115
1,263
27
20
23
16
17
29
38
32
25
28
254
9
8
8
7
7
8
8
8
8
8
79
4
4
4
3
4
3
4
3
3
4
36
1,913
1,708
1,707
1,542
1,689
1,634
1,773
1,827
1,613
1,796
17,200
1,065
847
1,026
997
921
932
876
942
896
989
9,491
98
90
90
87
93
94
101
98
93
95
940
21
21
22
21
22
21
21
22
19
18
209
93
86
82
80
87
85
89
86
85
85
858
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
36
4
3
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
37

1,411
1,427
286
360
72
70
35
31
18,683
20,539
8,031
8,770
881
855
193
174
873
851
34
37
77
75
1989 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total

plants.
plants.
synfuel.
Other
Gasesg
Woodh
Wastef
Otheri
Trillion Btu

i Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, miscellaneous
EIA-867, "Annual Nonutility Power Producer Report." 1998-2000: EIA, Form
EIA-860B, "Annual Electric Generator ReportNonutility." 2001-2003: EIA,
Form EIA-906, "Power Plant Report." 2004-2007: EIA, Form EIA-906, "Power
Plant Report," and Form EIA-920, "Combined Heat and Power Plant Report."
2008 forward: EIA, Form EIA-923, "Power Plant Operations Report."
105
Figure 7.5
Stocks of Coal and Petroleum: Electric Power Sector
Coal, 1973-2011
Coal, Monthly
250
200
200
Million Short Tons
Million Short Tons
150
100
50
150
100
50
2010
2011
2012
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Total Petroleum, 1973-2011
Total Petroleum, Monthly
150
70
50
100
Million Barrels
Million Barrels
60
50
40
30
20
10
Coal and Petroleum Stocks, 1973-2011
2012
Petroleum by Major Type, End of Month
36
Coal
October 2010
October 2011
October 2012
27
Million Barrels
18
18
17 17 16
16
13
Petroleum
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Residual
Distillate
Fuel Oil
Fuel Oil
Converted from short tons to barrels by multiplying by 5.

Sources: Tables 7.5, A1, and A5 (column 6).
106
2011
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Quadrillion Btu
2010
Petroleum
Cokea
Table 7.5 Stocks of Coal and Petroleum: Electric Power Sector

Petroleum
Coala
Thousand Short Tons
Residual Fuel Oilc
Other Liquidsd
Thousand Barrels
Petroleum Cokee
Totale
Thousand Short Tons
Thousand Barrels
1973 Year .............................

1975 Year .............................
1980 Year .............................
1985 Year .............................
1990 Year .............................
1995 Year .............................
1996 Year .............................
1997 Year .............................
1998 Year .............................
1999 Year f ...........................
2000 Year ............................
2001 Year .............................
2002 Year .............................
2003 Year .............................
2004 Year .............................
2005 Year .............................
2006 Year .............................
2007 Year .............................
2008 Year .............................
2009 Year .............................
86,967
110,724
183,010
156,376
156,166
126,304
114,623
98,826
120,501
141,604
102,296
138,496
141,714
121,567
106,669
101,137
140,964
151,221
161,589
189,467
10,095
16,432
30,023
16,386
16,471
15,392
15,216
15,456
16,343
17,995
15,127
20,486
17,413
19,153
19,275
18,778
18,013
18,395
17,761
17,886
79,121
108,825
105,351
57,304
67,030
35,102
32,473
33,336
37,451
34,256
24,748
34,594
25,723
25,820
26,596
27,624
28,823
24,136
21,088
19,068
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
800
779
879
1,012
1,380
1,902
1,955
2,257
312
31
52
49
94
65
91
469
559
372
211
390
1,711
1,484
937
530
674
554
739
1,394
90,776
125,413
135,635
73,933
83,970
50,821
48,146
51,138
56,591
54,109
40,932
57,031
52,490
53,170
51,434
50,062
51,583
47,203
44,498
46,181
2010 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
November ....................
December ...................
178,091
171,026
177,742
189,260
191,669
181,490
169,504
159,987
163,776
175,686
183,389
174,917
17,193
17,409
17,353
17,295
17,185
17,040
16,917
16,737
16,608
16,698
17,024
16,758
18,035
18,532
18,679
18,353
17,935
17,411
16,441
16,288
17,269
17,781
17,492
16,629
2,198
2,222
2,105
2,228
2,235
2,172
2,268
2,292
2,330
2,377
2,410
2,319
1,406
1,280
1,240
1,243
1,188
1,117
1,046
1,112
1,158
1,197
1,098
1,019
44,454
44,562
44,337
44,090
43,294
42,209
40,856
40,878
41,996
42,840
42,414
40,800
2011 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
November ....................
December ...................
164,575
161,064
166,255
173,427
174,093
165,149
147,296
138,527
143,711
156,196
167,754
172,387
16,613
16,565
16,367
16,153
15,997
16,379
16,170
16,162
16,311
16,567
16,729
16,649
16,012
15,552
15,405
15,181
15,209
16,359
16,111
15,843
15,726
16,044
15,964
15,491
2,492
2,545
2,546
2,561
2,539
2,601
2,622
2,631
2,628
2,681
2,744
2,707
799
707
495
526
563
496
463
437
385
440
494
508
39,111
38,198
36,794
36,525
36,558
37,820
37,218
36,822
36,593
37,495
37,906
37,387
2012 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
179,030
185,901
194,455
201,368
202,184
197,052
183,119
177,246
180,648
184,661
16,712
16,532
16,423
16,325
16,232
16,152
16,581
16,023
15,920
15,813
15,232
15,121
15,244
15,082
14,747
14,500
13,728
13,509
13,317
13,148
2,735
2,778
2,815
2,856
2,872
2,900
2,941
2,840
2,748
2,774
443
420
500
507
459
519
474
413
358
398
36,893
36,532
36,984
36,795
36,147
36,145
35,617
34,439
33,773
33,725
a Anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, and lignite.

b Fuel oil nos. 1, 2 and 4. For 1973-1979, data are for gas turbine and internal
combustion plant stocks of petroleum. For 1980-2000, electric utility data also
include small amounts of kerosene and jet fuel.
c Fuel oil nos. 5 and 6. For 1973-1979, data are for steam plant stocks of
oil no. 4.
d Jet fuel and kerosene. Through 2003, data also include a small amount of
waste oil.
f Through 1998, data are for electric utilities only. Beginning in 1999, data are
NA=Not available.
Notes:

primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public. Stocks
are at end of period. Totals may not equal sum of components due to
Columbia.
Sources: 1973-September 1977: Federal Power Commission, Form FPC-4,
"Monthly Power Plant Report." October 1977-1981: Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission, Form FPC-4, "Monthly Power Plant Report." 1982-1988: U.S.
Energy Information Administration (EIA), Form EIA-759, "Monthly Power Plant
Report." 1989-1997: EIA, Form EIA-759, "Monthly Power Plant Report," and
Form EIA-867, "Annual Nonutility Power Producer Report." 1998-2000: EIA,
Form EIA-759, "Monthly Power Plant Report," and Form EIA-860B, "Annual Electric
Generator ReportNonutility." 2001-2003: EIA, Form EIA-906, "Power Plant
Report." 2004-2007: EIA, Form EIA-906, "Power Plant Report," and Form
EIA-920, "Combined Heat and Power Plant Report." 2008 forward: EIA, Form
EIA-923, "Power Plant Operations Report."
107
Figure 7.6
Electricity End Use

Electricity End Use Overview, 1989-2011
Retail Salesa by Sector, October 2012
5,000
175
150
4,000
Total
3,000
125
Retail Salesa
110.1
96.7
100
82.6
75
2,000
50
1,000
25
Direct Useb
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Retail Salesa by Sector, 1973-2011
0.6
0
Residential
Commercial
Industrial Transportation d
Retail Salesa by Sector, Monthly

175
1,500
Residential
Commercialc
Residential
150
Industrial
1,000
125
100
Commercialc
75
500
Industrial
50
25
Transportation d
Transportation d
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Retail Salesa Total, January-October
Retail Salesa Total, Monthly
4,000
3,200
2010
2011
2012
400
3,161
3,173
3,112
300
2,400
200
1,600
100
800
2010
0
2012
0
2010
2011
2012
a
Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by utilities and
other energy service providers.
b
See Direct Use in Glossary.
c
Commercial sector, including public street and highway lighting, inte r-
108
2011
departmental sales, and other sales to public authorites.

d
Transportation sector, including sales to railroads and railways.
Source: Table 7.6.
Table 7.6 Electricity End Use

(Million Kilowatthours)
Discontinued
Retail Sales Series
Retail Salesa
Transportationd
Residential
Commercialb
Industrialc
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
579,231
588,140
717,495
793,934
924,019
1,042,501
1,082,512
1,075,880
1,130,109
1,144,923
1,192,446
1,201,607
1,265,180
1,275,824
1,291,982
1,359,227
1,351,520
1,392,241
1,379,981
1,364,474
E 444,505
E 468,296
E 3,087
E 2,974
558,643
689,121
838,263
953,117
980,061
1,026,626
1,077,957
1,103,821
1,159,347
1,190,518
1,204,531
1,198,728
1,230,425
1,275,079
1,299,744
1,336,315
1,335,981
1,307,168
686,085
687,680
815,067
836,772
945,522
1,012,693
1,033,631
1,038,197
1,051,203
1,058,217
1,064,239
996,609
990,238
1,012,373
1,017,850
1,019,156
1,011,298
1,027,832
1,009,300
917,442
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
147,500
122,840
111,790
88,046
94,843
127,496
154,688
154,053
124,582
96,688
93,166
130,015
1,445,708
108,120
100,747
101,756
99,791
106,176
119,388
127,925
129,143
119,137
108,461
101,524
108,031
1,330,199
75,506
74,164
78,303
78,597
82,088
83,347
85,725
87,904
83,353
82,046
79,575
80,264
970,873
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Total
Retail Salese
Direct Usef
Total
End Useg
Commercial
(Old) h
Other
(Old) i
3,244
4,147
4,751
4,975
4,923
4,907
4,962
5,126
5,382
5,724
5,517
6,810
7,224
7,506
7,358
8,173
7,700
7,781
1,712,909
1,747,091
2,094,449
2,323,974
2,712,555
3,013,287
3,101,127
3,145,610
3,264,231
3,312,087
3,421,414
3,394,458
3,465,466
3,493,734
3,547,479
3,660,969
3,669,919
3,764,561
3,732,962
3,596,865
NA
NA
NA
NA
124,529
150,677
152,638
156,239
160,866
171,629
170,943
162,649
166,184
168,295
168,470
150,016
146,927
125,670
132,197
126,938
1,712,909
1,747,091
2,094,449
2,323,974
2,837,084
3,163,963
3,253,765
3,301,849
3,425,097
3,483,716
3,592,357
3,557,107
3,631,650
3,662,029
3,715,949
3,810,984
3,816,845
3,890,231
3,865,159
3,723,803
388,266
403,049
488,155
605,989
751,027
862,685
887,445
928,633
979,401
1,001,996
1,055,232
1,083,069
1,104,497
59,326
68,222
73,732
87,279
91,988
95,407
97,539
102,901
103,518
106,952
109,496
113,174
105,552
715
689
656
600
606
658
667
628
639
615
607
633
7,712
331,841
298,440
292,505
267,034
283,712
330,889
369,006
371,728
327,711
287,811
274,871
318,943
3,754,493
E 11,084
E 10,144
E 10,884
E 10,091
E 10,611
E 11,037
E 11,690
E 12,298
E 11,221
E 10,605
E 10,520
E 11,725
342,925
308,585
303,389
277,125
294,323
341,927
380,696
384,026
338,932
298,416
285,392
330,668
3,886,403
345,329
306,922
302,442
285,570
298,707
339,917
382,822
385,041
337,462
298,647
286,108
313,634
3,882,600
131,910
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
145,054
120,121
104,921
93,700
97,688
125,983
154,729
153,739
122,720
94,585
93,220
116,341
1,422,801
108,243
99,789
104,263
100,505
107,624
118,169
128,063
129,371
117,951
108,655
100,552
104,873
1,328,057
80,077
76,332
82,196
80,356
82,095
83,941
87,245
89,014
84,959
84,287
80,858
79,956
991,316
710
637
664
629
619
643
650
625
634
616
590
656
7,672
334,084
296,879
292,044
275,190
288,026
328,736
370,686
372,749
326,263
288,144
275,220
301,826
3,749,846
E 11,245
E 10,042
E 10,398
E 10,380
E 10,681
E 11,181
E 12,136
E 12,292
E 11,199
E 10,504
E 10,888
E 11,808
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
126,208
107,951
99,153
88,300
100,478
122,992
154,649
147,991
119,201
96,707
1,163,630
105,118
99,682
101,930
100,839
110,062
117,651
128,157
127,713
116,483
110,111
1,117,747
78,821
77,898
80,911
80,604
84,273
83,202
86,762
87,629
81,560
82,600
824,262
666
646
619
604
606
610
642
650
628
619
6,291
310,813
286,177
282,613
270,348
295,420
324,455
370,210
363,984
317,873
290,037
3,111,929
E 11,702
E 11,014
E 10,750
E 10,366
E 11,258
E 11,252
E 12,216
E 11,869
E 11,073
E 11,108
E 112,607
322,515
297,191
293,363
280,713
306,678
335,708
382,426
375,853
328,945
301,144
3,224,536

1,213,240
1,222,527
1,122,633
1,120,645
830,501
811,034
6,427
6,473
3,172,800
3,160,679
E 110,058
E 109,665
3,282,858
3,270,344
a Electricity retail sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and,

b Commercial sector, including public street and highway lighting,
interdepartmental sales, and other sales to public authorities.
c Industrial sector. Through 2002, excludes agriculture and irrigation; beginning
in 2003, includes agriculture and irrigation.
d Transportation sector, including sales to railroads and railways.
e The sum of "Residential," "Commercial," "Industrial," and "Transportation."
f Use of electricity that is 1) self-generated, 2) produced by either the same
entity that consumes the power or an affiliate, and 3) used in direct support of a
service or industrial process located within the same facility or group of facilities
that house the generating equipment. Direct use is exclusive of station use.
g The sum of "Total Retail Sales" and "Direct Use."
132,754
h "Commercial (Old)" is a discontinued seriesdata are for the commercial

sector, excluding public street and highway lighting, interdepartmental sales, and
other sales to public authorities.
i "Other (Old)" is a discontinued seriesdata are for public street and highway
lighting, interdepartmental sales, other sales to public authorities, agriculture and
irrigation, and transportation including railroads and railways.
E=Estimate. NA=Not available. =Not applicable.
109
and service) by Canada from the United States.
Electricity
Note. Classification of Power Plants Into EnergyUse Sectors. The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) classifies power plants (both electricity-only
and combined-heat-and-power plants) into energy-use
sectors based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), which replaced the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system in 1997. Plants with a
NAICS code of 22 are assigned to the Electric Power
Sector. Those with NAICS codes beginning with 11
(agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting); 21 (mining,
including oil and gas extraction); 23 (construction); 3133
(manufacturing); 2212 (natural gas distribution); and
22131 (water supply and irrigation systems) are assigned
to the Industrial Sector. Those with all other codes are
assigned to the Commercial Sector. Form EIA-860,
Annual Electric Generator Report, asks respondents to
indicate the primary purpose of the facility by assigning a
NAICS code from the list at
http://www.eia.gov/survey/form/eia_860/instructions.doc.
Table 7.1 Sources

Net Generation, Electric Power Sector
Table 7.2b.
Net Generation, Commercial and Industrial Sectors

Table 7.2c.
Imports and Exports, Electricity Trade With

Canada and Mexico, 1973 1989
1973September 1977:
Unpublished Federal Power
Commission data.
October 19771980: Unpublished Economic Regulatory
Administration (ERA) data.
1981: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of
Energy Emergency Operations, Report on Electric Energy
Exchanges with Canada and Mexico for Calendar Year
1981, April 1982 (revised June 1982).
1982 and 1983: DOE, ERA, Electricity Exchanges Across
International Borders.
19841986: DOE, ERA, Electricity Transactions Across
International Borders.
1987 and 1988: DOE, ERA, Form ERA-781R, Annual
Report of International Electrical Export/Import Data.
1989: DOE, Fossil Energy, Form FE-781R, Annual
Report of International Electrical Export/Import Data.
Imports and Exports, Electricity Trade with

Canada, 1990 Forward
National Energy Board of Canada, data for total sales (firm
and interruptible; which exclude non-revenue, inadvertent,
and service) from Canada to the United States, and data for
total purchases (which exclude non-revenue, inadvertent,
110
Imports and Exports, Electricity Trade with

Mexico, 1990 Forward
DOE, Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability,
Form OE-781R, Monthly Electricity Imports and Exports
Report, and predecessor form. For 2001 forward, data from
the California Independent System Operator are used in
combination with the Form OE-781 values to estimate
electricity trade with Mexico.
T&D Losses and Unaccounted for

Calculated as the sum of total net generation and imports
minus end use and exports.
End Use
Table 7.6.
Table 7.2b Sources

1973September 1977: Federal Power Commission, Form
FPC-4, Monthly Power Plant Report.
October 19771981: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Form FPC-4, Monthly Power Plant Report.
19821988:
(EIA), Form EIA-759, Monthly Power Plant Report.
19891997: EIA, Form EIA-759, Monthly Power Plant
Report, and Form EIA-867, Annual Nonutility Power
Producer Report.
Report, and Form EIA-860B, Annual Electric Generator ReportNonutility.
20012003: EIA, Form EIA-906, Power Plant Report.
and Form EIA-920, Combined Heat and Power Plant
Report.
2008 forward: EIA, Form EIA-923, Power Plant Operations Report.
Table 7.2c Sources

Industrial Sector, Hydroelectric Power, 19731988
1973September 1977:
Federal Power Commission
(FPC), Form FPC-4, Monthly Power Plant Report, for
plants with generating capacity exceeding 10 megawatts,
and FPC, Form FPC-12C, Industrial Electric Generating
Capacity, for all other plants.
October 19771978: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), Form FPC-4, Monthly Power Plant
Report, for plants with generating capacity exceeding 10
megawatts, and FERC, Form FPC-12C, Industrial
Electric Generating Capacity, for all other plants.
1979:
FERC, Form FPC-4, Monthly Power Plant
Report, for plants with generating capacity exceeding 10
megawatts, and U.S. Energy Information Administration
(EIA) estimates for all other plants.
19801988: Estimated by EIA as the average generation

over the 6-year period of 19741979.
2008 forward: EIA, Form EIA-923, Power Plant Operations

Report.
All Data, 1989 Forward

19891997: EIA, Form EIA-867, Annual Nonutility Power
Producer Report.
19982000:
EIA, Form EIA-860B, Annual Electric
Generator ReportNonutility.
Report.
Table 7.3b Sources

19821988: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA),
Form EIA-759, Monthly Power Plant Report.
19891997: EIA, Form EIA-759, Monthly Power
Plant Report, and Form EIA-867, Annual
Nonutility Power Producer Report.
Report, and Form EIA-860B, Annual Electric Generator
ReportNonutility.
Report.
Table 7.6 Sources

Retail Sales, Residential and Industrial
FPC-5, Monthly Statement of Electric Operating Revenue
and Income.
October 1977February 1980: Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission (FERC), Form FPC-5, Monthly Statement of
Electric Operating Revenue and Income.
March 19801982: FERC, Form FPC-5, "Electric Utility
Company Monthly Statement."
1983: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), Form
EIA-826, "Electric Utility Company Monthly Statement.
19841997: EIA, Form EIA-861, Annual Electric Utility
Report.
1998 forward: EIA, Electric Power Monthly, December
2012, Table 5.1.
Retail Sales, Commercial

19732002: Estimated by EIA as the sum of Commercial
(Old) and the non-transportation portion of Other (Old).
See estimation methodology at
http://www.eia.gov/state/seds/sep_use/notes/use_elec.pdf.
2012, Table 5.1.
Retail Sales, Transportation

19732002: Estimated by EIA as the transportation portion
of Other (Old).
See estimation methodology at
http://www.eia.gov/states/sep_use/notes/use_elec.pdf.
2012, Table 5.1.
Direct Use, Annual
Table 7.4b Sources

Form EIA-759, Monthly Power Plant Report.
19891997: EIA, Form EIA-759, Monthly Power
Plant Report, and Form EIA-867, Annual
Nonutility Power Producer Report.
Report, and Form EIA-860B, Annual Electric Generator
ReportNonutility.
Report.
19891996: EIA, Form EIA-867, Annual Nonutility Power

Producer Report.
19972010: EIA, Electric Power Annual 2010, December
2011, Table 7.2.
2011: EIA, Form EIA-923, Power Plant Operations Report.
Direct Use, Monthly

Annual shares are calculated as annual direct use divided by
annual commercial and industrial net generation (on Table
7.1). Then monthly direct use estimates are calculated as the
annual share multiplied by the monthly commercial and
industrial net generation values. For 2012, the 2011 annual
share is used.
Discontinued Retail Sales Series Commercial (Old)

and Other (Old)
19732002: See sources for Residential and Industrial.
111
8. Nuclear
Energy
Figure 8.1
Nuclear Energy Overview
Operable Units, End of Year, 1973-2011

125
Number of Units
100
Peak: 112 units
(1990)
75
104 units
(2011)
50
25
42 units
(1973)
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
Electricity Net Generation, 1973-2011
1995
2000
2005
2010
Nuclear Share of Electricity Net Generation,

1973-2011
25
20
15
Percent
Trillion Kilowatthours
Total
2
1
10
5
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Nuclear Electricity Net Generation
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Capacity Factor, Monthly

120
90
63.337
60
59.743
80
Percent
Billion Kilowatthours
100
62.751
30
60
40
20
0
October
2010
October
2011
October
2010
2012
0
J
2012
Web Page: http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#nuclear.

Sources: Tables 7.2a and 8.1.
114
2011
Table 8.1 Nuclear Energy Overview
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Total
Operable
Unitsa,b
Net Summer
Capacity of
Operable Unitsb,c
Nuclear Electricity
Net Generation
Number
Million Kilowatts
Million Kilowatthours
Nuclear Share
of Electricity
Net Generation
Capacity Factord
Percent
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
42
57
71
96
112
109
109
107
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
22.683
37.267
51.810
79.397
99.624
99.515
100.784
99.716
97.070
97.411
97.860
98.159
98.657
99.209
99.628
99.988
100.334
100.266
100.755
101.004
83,479
172,505
251,116
383,691
576,862
673,402
674,729
628,644
673,702
728,254
753,893
768,826
780,064
763,733
788,528
781,986
787,219
806,425
806,208
798,855
4.5
9.0
11.0
15.5
19.0
20.1
19.6
18.0
18.6
19.7
19.8
20.6
20.2
19.7
19.9
19.3
19.4
19.4
19.6
20.2
53.5
55.9
56.3
58.0
66.0
77.4
76.2
71.1
78.2
85.3
88.1
89.4
90.3
87.9
90.1
89.3
89.6
91.8
91.1
90.3
2010 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Total ..........................
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
e E 101.002
72,569
65,245
64,635
57,611
66,658
68,301
71,913
71,574
69,371
62,751
62,655
73,683
806,968
20.1
20.4
20.7
20.0
20.3
18.2
17.6
17.5
20.0
20.4
20.5
20.3
19.6
E 96.6
2011 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Total ..........................
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
E 101.167
72,743
64,789
65,662
54,547
57,013
65,270
72,345
71,339
66,849
63,337
64,474
71,837
790,204
20.0
20.7
20.6
18.0
17.6
17.7
17.3
17.5
19.8
20.5
21.2
21.4
19.3
E 96.6
2012 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
10-Month Total .........
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
E 101.419
72,381
63,847
61,729
55,871
62,081
65,140
69,129
69,602
64,511
59,743
644,035
21.2
20.6
20.0
18.9
18.4
18.0
16.6
17.6
19.3
19.1
18.9
E 95.9
104
104
E 101.351
653,893
670,630
18.9
19.4
E 88.5
2011 10-Month Total .........

2010 10-Month Total .........
E 101.000
E 100.998
E 100.996
E 101.063
E 101.094
E 101.092
E 101.090
E 101.088
E 101.104
E 101.129
101.167
101.167
E 101.167
E 101.167
E 101.167
E 101.167
E 101.281
E 101.281
E 101.351
E 101.351
E 101.351
E 101.351
101.419
101.419
E 101.419
E 101.419
E 101.419
E 101.442
E 101.442
E 101.564
E 101.673
E 101.673
E 101.673
E 101.673
E 101.104
a Total of nuclear generating units holding full-power licenses, or equivalent

permission to operate, at end of period. See Note 1, "Operable Nuclear Reactors,"
at end of section. For additional information on nuclear generating units, see
Annual
Energy
Review
2011,
September
2012,
Table
9.1,
http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/annual/#nuclear.
b At end of period.
c For the definition of "Net Summer Capacity," see Note 2, "Nuclear Capacity,"
at end of section.
d For an explanation of the method of calculating the capacity factor, see Note
2, "Nuclear Capacity," at end of section.
e Beginning in 2010, monthly capacity values are estimated in two steps: 1)
uprates reported on Form EIA-860M are added to specific months; and 2) the
E 96.1
E 86.0
E 79.2
E 88.7
E 93.8
E 95.6
E 95.2
E 95.3
E 83.4
E 86.0
97.9
91.1
E 95.3
E 87.2
E 74.9
E 75.7
E 89.5
E 96.0
E 94.6
E 91.6
E 84.0
E 88.4
95.2
89.1
E 90.5
E 81.8
E 76.5
E 82.3
E 89.2
E 91.5
E 92.0
E 88.1
E 79.0
E 86.7
E 91.0
difference between the resulting year-end capacity (from data reported on Form
EIA-860M) and final capacity (reported on Form EIA-860) is distributed evenly
across the 12 months.
E=Estimate.
Notes: For a discussion of nuclear reactor unit coverage, see Note 1,
"Operable Nuclear Reactors," at end of section. Nuclear electricity net
generation totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.
Web Page: See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#nuclear for all
115
Nuclear Energy
time of summer peak demand. Auxiliary power of a typical

nuclear power plant is about 5 percent of gross generation.
Note 1. Operable Nuclear Reactors. A reactor is

generally defined as operable while it possessed a full-power
license from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission or its
predecessor the Atomic Energy Commission, or equivalent
permission to operate, at the end of the year or month
shown. The definition is liberal in that it does not exclude
units retaining full-power licenses during long, non-routine
shutdowns that for a time rendered them unable to generate
electricity. Examples are:
(b) Net Design Capacity or Net Design Electrical Rating

(DER)The nominal net electrical output of a unit,
specified by the utility and used for plant design.
(a) In 1985 the five then-active Tennessee Valley Authority

(TVA) units (Browns Ferry 1, 2, and 3, and Sequoyah 1 and
2) were shut down under a regulatory forced outage. All
five units were idle for several years, restarting in 2007,
1991, 1995, 1988, and 1988, respectively and were counted
as operable during the shutdowns.
(b) Shippingport was shut down from 1974 through 1976
for conversion to a light-water breeder reactor, but is
counted as operable from 1957 until its retirement in 1982.
(c) Calvert Cliffs 2 was shut down in 1989 and 1990 for
replacement of pressurizer heater sleeves but is counted as
operable during those years.
Exceptions to the definition are Shoreham and Three Mile
Island 2. Shoreham was granted a full-power license in April
1989, but was shut down two months later and never
restarted. In 1991, the license was changed to Possession
Only. Although not operable at the end of the year,
Shoreham is counted as operable during 1989. A major
accident closed Three Mile Island 2 in 1979, and although
the unit retained its full-power license for several years, it is
considered permanently shut down since that year.
The monthly capacity factors are calculated as the monthly

nuclear electricity net generation divided by the maximum
possible nuclear electricity net generation for that month. The
maximum possible nuclear electricity net generation is the
number of hours in the month (assuming 24-hour days, with
no adjustment for changes to or from Daylight Savings Time)
multiplied by the net summer capacity of operable nuclear
generating units at the end of the month. That fraction is then
multiplied by 100 to obtain a percentage. Annual capacity
factors are calculated as the annual nuclear electricity net
generation divided by the annual maximum possible nuclear
electricity net generation (the sum of the monthly values for
maximum possible nuclear electricity net generation).
Table 8.1 Sources

Total Operable Units and Net Summer Capacity of
Operable Units
19731982: Compiled from various sources, primarily
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Reactor
Programs, U.S. Central Station Nuclear Electric
Generating Units: Significant Milestones.
1983 forward: U.S. Energy Information Administration
(EIA), Form EIA-860, Annual Electric Generator Report,
Form EIA-860M, Monthly Update to the Annual Electric
Generator Report, and monthly updates as appropriate. For
a
list
of
currently
operable
units,
see
http://www.eia.gov/nuclear/reactors/stats_table1.html.
Note 2. Nuclear Capacity. Nuclear generating units may

have more than one type of net capacity rating, including the
following:
Nuclear Electricity Net Generation and Nuclear Share of

See Table 7.2a.
(a) Net Summer CapacityThe steady hourly output that

generating equipment is expected to supply to system load,
exclusive of auxiliary power, as demonstrated by test at the
Capacity Factor
Calculated by EIA using the method described above in
Note 2.
116
9. Energy
Prices
Figure 9.1 Petroleum Prices

Crude Oil Prices, 1973-2011
Composite Refiner Acquisition Cost, Monthly
120
150
100
125
Dollars per Barrel
Dollars per Barrel
2012
80
75
60
40
Composite Refiner
Acquisition Cost
2011
100
2010
50
20
25
Domestic First
Purchase Price
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Refiner Prices to End Users: Motor Gasoline, Diesel Fuel, and Jet Fuel, Monthly
Dollarsa per Gallon (Excluding Taxes)
4.50
4.00
No. 2
Diesel Fuel
3.50
3.00
Finished
Motor Gasoline
2.50
2.00
Kerosene-Type
Jet Fuel
1.50
1.00
0.50
0.00
J
F M A M J
A S O N D
F M A M J
2010
A S O N D
F M A M J
2011
A S O N D
2012
Refiner Prices to End Users: No. 2 Fuel Oil, Propane, and Residual Fuel, Monthly
Dollarsa per Gallon (Excluding Taxes)
4.50
4.00
No. 2 Fuel Oil
3.50
3.00
Residual Fuel Oil
2.50
2.00
1.50
Propane (Consumer Grade)
1.00
0.50
0.00
J
2010
2011
2012
Prices are not adjusted for inflation. See Nominal Dollars in Glossary.
Web Page: http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#prices.
Sources: Tables 9.1, 9.5, and 9.7.
118
Table 9.1 Crude Oil Price Summary

(Dollarsa per Barrel)
Refiner Acquisition Costb
Domestic First
Purchase Pricec
F.O.B. Cost
of Importsd
Landed Cost
of Importse
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
3.89
7.67
21.59
24.09
20.03
14.62
18.46
17.23
10.87
15.56
26.72
21.84
22.51
27.56
36.77
50.28
59.69
66.52
94.04
56.35
f 5.21
11.18
32.37
25.84
20.37
15.69
19.32
16.94
10.76
16.47
26.27
20.46
22.63
25.86
33.75
47.60
57.03
66.36
90.32
57.78
2010 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Average ..................
72.89
72.74
75.77
78.80
70.90
70.77
71.37
72.07
71.23
76.02
79.20
83.98
74.71
2011 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Average ..................
2012 January ....................
February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
a
b
c
d
e
f
Domestic
Imported
Composite
f 6.41
12.70
33.67
26.67
21.13
16.78
20.31
18.11
11.84
17.23
27.53
21.82
23.91
27.69
36.07
49.29
59.11
67.97
93.33
60.23
E 4.17
E 4.08
E 4.15
8.39
24.23
26.66
22.59
17.33
20.77
19.61
13.18
17.90
29.11
24.33
24.65
29.82
38.97
52.94
62.62
69.65
98.47
59.49
13.93
33.89
26.99
21.76
17.14
20.64
18.53
12.04
17.26
27.70
22.00
23.71
27.71
35.90
48.86
59.02
67.04
92.77
59.17
10.38
28.07
26.75
22.22
17.23
20.71
19.04
12.52
17.51
28.26
22.95
24.10
28.53
36.98
50.24
60.24
67.94
94.74
59.29
72.96
71.50
75.41
78.27
69.21
70.17
71.01
71.27
71.72
75.52
79.56
83.95
74.20
74.78
75.01
77.65
79.34
72.00
72.62
73.43
73.63
74.25
77.26
81.56
86.64
76.49
76.04
75.91
78.52
82.12
75.23
73.93
74.54
76.21
74.87
78.88
82.05
86.48
77.96
75.07
73.73
76.77
80.03
71.15
71.91
73.25
73.50
73.20
77.02
80.07
85.59
75.88
75.48
74.58
77.43
80.83
72.66
72.66
73.73
74.58
73.85
77.77
80.85
85.95
76.69
85.66
86.69
99.19
108.80
102.46
97.30
97.82
89.00
90.22
92.28
100.18
98.71
95.73
86.80
92.07
104.19
111.52
105.92
104.35
105.60
97.72
100.84
101.92
105.79
103.09
101.68
89.61
94.25
104.80
112.54
108.28
105.19
106.19
99.27
101.03
102.55
105.98
105.62
102.99
88.73
89.50
102.34
111.96
107.55
102.53
102.67
95.89
96.89
98.34
106.69
104.51
100.74
87.99
91.72
102.48
113.08
107.99
105.36
105.94
99.01
101.05
102.00
107.67
106.52
102.70
88.28
90.85
102.43
112.65
107.82
104.23
104.68
97.70
99.39
100.57
107.28
105.69
101.93
98.99
102.05
105.42
103.62
95.57
83.59
86.10
92.53
95.98
R 92.26
NA
103.96
108.56
110.72
107.17
100.79
87.89
92.50
R 99.63
R 100.79
R 98.86
NA
105.27
109.24
110.68
107.58
101.56
91.90
93.66
R 98.70
R 100.83
R 99.65
NA
103.97
105.93
110.80
111.26
103.17
91.66
92.64
98.58
102.17
R 99.07
E 95.82
105.25
108.08
111.00
108.53
103.26
92.18
92.98
97.07
101.82
R 100.92
E 97.17
104.70
107.18
110.92
109.70
103.23
91.96
92.83
97.71
101.97
R 100.02
E 96.63
Prices are not adjusted for inflation. See "Nominal Dollars" in Glossary.
See Note 1, "Crude Oil Refinery Acquisition Costs," at end of section.
See Note 2, "Crude Oil Domestic First Purchase Prices," at end of section.
See Note 3, "Crude Oil F.O.B. Costs," at end of section.
See Note 4, "Crude Oil Landed Costs," at end of section.
Based on October, November, and December data only.
R=Revised. NA=Not available. E=Estimate.
Notes: Values for Domestic First Purchase Price and Refiner Acquisition Cost
for the current two months and for F.O.B. and Landed Costs of Imports for the
current three months are preliminary. F.O.B. and landed costs through 1980
reflect the period of reporting; prices since then reflect the period of loading.
Annual averages are the averages of the monthly prices, weighted by volume.
Geographic coverage is the 50 States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the
Virgin Islands, and all U.S. Territories and Possessions.
Web Page: See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#prices for all
119
Table 9.2 F.O.B. Costs of Crude Oil Imports From Selected Countries
Selected Countries
Angola
Colombia
Mexico
Nigeria
Saudi
Arabia
United
Kingdom
Venezuela
Persian
Gulf
Nationsb
Total
OPECc
Total
Non-OPECc
1973 Averaged .................

1975 Average ..................
1980 Average ..................
1985 Average ..................
1990 Average ..................
1995 Average ..................
1996 Average ..................
1997 Average ..................
1998 Average ..................
1999 Average ..................
2000 Average ..................
2001 Average ..................
2002 Average ..................
2003 Average ..................
2004 Average ..................
2005 Average ..................
2006 Average ..................
2007 Average ..................
2008 Average ..................
2009 Average ..................
W
10.97
33.45
26.30
20.23
16.58
20.71
18.81
12.11
17.46
27.90
23.25
24.09
28.22
37.26
52.48
62.23
67.80
95.66
57.07
20.75
16.73
21.33
18.85
12.56
17.20
29.04
24.25
24.64
28.89
37.73
51.89
59.77
67.93
91.17
57.90
11.44
31.06
25.33
19.26
15.64
19.14
16.72
10.49
15.89
25.39
18.89
21.60
24.83
31.55
43.00
52.91
61.35
84.61
56.47
7.81
11.82
35.93
28.04
22.46
17.40
21.27
19.43
12.97
17.32
28.70
24.85
25.38
29.40
38.71
55.95
65.69
76.64
102.06
64.61
3.25
10.87
28.17
22.04
20.36
W
19.28
15.16
8.87
17.65
24.62
18.98
23.92
25.03
34.08
47.96
56.09
W
93.03
57.87
34.36
27.64
23.43
16.94
19.43
18.59
12.52
19.14
27.21
23.30
24.50
28.76
37.30
54.48
66.03
69.96
96.33
65.63
5.39
11.04
24.81
23.64
19.55
13.86
17.73
15.33
9.31
14.33
24.45
18.01
20.13
23.81
31.78
46.39
55.80
64.10
88.06
55.58
3.68
10.88
28.92
23.31
18.54
W
19.22
15.24
9.09
17.15
24.72
18.89
23.38
25.17
33.08
47.21
56.02
69.93
91.44
59.53
5.43
11.34
32.21
25.67
20.40
15.36
18.94
16.26
10.20
15.90
25.56
19.73
22.18
25.36
33.95
49.60
59.18
69.58
93.15
58.53
4.80
10.62
32.85
25.96
20.32
16.02
19.65
17.51
11.21
16.84
26.77
21.04
22.93
26.21
33.58
45.79
55.35
62.69
87.15
57.16
2010 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Average ..................
74.62
W
78.11
84.40
71.86
72.90
74.77
77.11
W
W
85.99
W
78.18
70.08
68.70
73.90
74.85
64.32
67.19
70.00
69.88
69.71
76.06
78.92
81.62
72.56
72.96
69.16
72.76
75.57
68.30
67.64
68.53
69.53
69.90
73.93
77.14
81.75
72.46
75.91
76.07
81.27
85.94
74.28
75.61
79.63
75.70
80.93
84.59
86.61
93.68
80.83
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
74.06
W
W
W
76.44
70.86
68.83
70.88
72.59
66.37
66.19
67.25
68.27
67.59
72.10
75.03
77.78
70.30
W
71.89
76.10
80.01
73.60
72.49
71.76
72.79
73.34
78.28
80.99
W
75.65
73.42
71.77
75.83
78.88
70.45
71.39
72.16
72.38
73.24
77.55
80.95
85.72
75.23
72.49
71.14
74.91
77.73
68.24
69.20
69.87
70.35
70.24
73.80
78.49
82.40
73.24
2011 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Average ..................
95.97
W
113.63
122.52
113.33
115.13
114.80
W
112.49
109.74
112.49
111.26
111.82
83.36
87.23
101.29
114.17
106.15
102.78
100.30
95.01
97.45
102.37
106.97
103.10
100.19
84.36
88.77
102.55
109.90
105.13
103.43
104.84
98.21
100.28
101.48
107.94
105.96
100.92
99.86
109.07
117.98
126.05
117.66
119.13
119.68
115.61
115.43
114.46
115.35
W
115.35
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
109.99
W
W
W
107.08
81.25
85.11
97.56
106.56
101.60
100.59
100.62
97.17
95.72
96.93
105.44
105.75
97.23
W
97.25
107.36
114.82
110.29
106.39
109.06
106.98
108.41
105.62
106.51
104.48
106.49
89.74
96.01
106.19
115.15
108.50
108.22
110.09
104.19
105.82
105.20
108.16
106.42
105.34
83.92
88.67
102.44
107.71
103.81
100.42
100.90
93.57
97.08
98.65
104.17
100.80
98.51
2012 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
111.10
121.45
W
118.84
110.79
95.65
W
W
W
W
106.69
114.47
118.46
114.06
101.27
91.81
96.83
106.16
R 108.59
105.46
107.79
110.14
114.81
110.54
103.12
90.60
95.03
101.12
R 102.49
99.10
114.12
124.31
128.10
W
110.79
98.96
103.86
114.62
112.11
W
W
W
W
W
W
91.90
W
W
107.16
W
105.08
110.37
112.76
109.33
101.45
87.64
93.81
99.94
R 101.00
98.07
107.51
111.12
118.06
115.02
105.16
90.55
95.47
104.87
R 105.59
W
107.51
113.85
117.06
113.85
105.28
90.63
96.30
104.18
R 104.41
101.26
101.40
103.42
104.75
101.42
96.74
85.28
88.45
R 95.13
R 97.73
96.98
b Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and

c See "Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)" in Glossary.
On this table, "Total OPEC" for all years includes Algeria, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya,
Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela; for
19732008, also includes Indonesia; for 19731992 and again beginning in 2008,
also includes Ecuador (although Ecuador rejoined OPEC in November 2007, on
this table Ecuador is included in "Total Non-OPEC" for 2007); for 19741995, also
includes Gabon (although Gabon was a member of OPEC for only 19751994);
and beginning in 2007, also includes Angola. Data for all countries not included in
"Total OPEC" are included in "Total Non-OPEC."
d Based on October, November, and December data only.
R=Revised. =No data reported. W=Value withheld to avoid disclosure of
individual company data.
120
Notes: The Free on Board (F.O.B.) cost at the country of origin excludes all
costs related to insurance and transportation. See "F.O.B." in Glossary, and Note
3, "Crude Oil F.O.B. Costs," at end of section. Values for the current two months
are preliminary. Prices through 1980 reflect the period of reporting; prices since
then reflect the period of loading. Annual averages are averages of the monthly
prices, including prices not published, weighted by volume. Cargoes that are
purchased on a "netback" basis, or under similar contractual arrangements
whereby the actual purchase price is not established at the time the crude oil is
acquired for importation into the United States, are not included in the published
data until the actual prices have been determined and reported. U.S. geographic
Table 9.3 Landed Costs of Crude Oil Imports From Selected Countries
Selected Countries
Angola
Canada
Colombia
Mexico
Nigeria
Saudi
Arabia
United
Kingdom
Venezuela
Persian
Gulf
Nationsb
Total
OPECc
Total
Non-OPECc
1973 Averaged ...............

1975 Average ................
1980 Average ................
1985 Average ................
1990 Average ................
1995 Average ................
1996 Average ................
1997 Average ................
1998 Average ................
1999 Average ................
2000 Average ................
2001 Average ................
2002 Average ................
2003 Average ................
2004 Average ................
2005 Average ................
2006 Average ................
2007 Average ................
2008 Average ................
2009 Average ................
W
11.81
34.76
27.39
21.51
17.66
21.86
20.24
13.37
18.37
29.57
25.13
25.43
30.14
39.62
54.31
64.85
71.27
98.18
61.32
5.33
12.84
30.11
25.71
20.48
16.65
19.94
17.63
11.62
17.54
26.69
20.72
22.98
26.76
34.51
44.73
53.90
60.38
90.00
57.60
22.34
17.45
22.02
19.71
13.26
18.09
29.68
25.88
25.28
30.55
39.03
53.42
62.13
70.91
93.43
58.50
12.61
31.77
25.63
19.64
16.19
19.64
17.30
11.04
16.12
26.03
19.37
22.09
25.48
32.25
43.47
53.76
62.31
85.97
57.35
9.08
12.70
37.15
28.96
23.33
18.25
21.95
20.64
14.14
17.63
30.04
26.55
26.45
31.07
40.95
57.55
68.26
78.01
104.83
68.01
5.37
12.50
29.80
24.72
21.82
16.84
20.49
17.52
11.16
17.48
26.58
20.98
24.77
27.50
37.11
50.31
59.19
70.78
94.75
62.14
35.68
28.36
22.65
17.91
20.88
20.64
13.55
18.26
29.26
25.32
26.35
30.62
39.28
55.28
67.44
72.47
96.95
63.87
5.99
12.36
25.92
24.43
20.31
14.81
18.59
16.35
10.16
15.58
26.05
19.81
21.93
25.70
33.79
47.87
57.37
66.13
90.76
57.78
5.91
12.64
30.59
25.50
20.55
16.78
20.45
17.44
11.18
17.37
26.77
20.73
24.13
27.54
36.53
49.68
58.92
69.83
93.59
62.15
6.85
12.70
33.56
26.86
21.23
16.61
20.14
17.73
11.46
16.94
27.29
21.52
23.83
27.70
36.84
51.36
61.21
71.14
95.49
61.90
5.64
12.70
33.99
26.53
20.98
16.95
20.47
18.45
12.22
17.51
27.80
22.17
23.97
27.68
35.29
47.31
57.14
63.96
90.59
58.58
2010 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
November ..............
December ..............
Average ................
77.32
79.06
80.93
82.26
74.80
76.54
77.20
78.40
80.49
85.33
86.98
91.77
80.63
72.59
73.37
76.82
78.36
69.16
69.14
70.25
70.10
68.66
69.23
75.40
80.76
72.80
74.26
73.11
76.08
76.33
66.52
69.64
71.61
71.49
70.85
76.72
80.24
82.76
74.25
73.23
69.48
73.07
75.03
68.71
68.02
69.31
69.95
70.47
74.73
77.55
82.37
72.86
78.58
79.25
83.68
86.80
76.90
78.14
81.07
79.15
81.58
86.01
89.15
95.44
83.15
76.63
77.29
77.57
79.53
77.52
76.01
75.46
76.06
77.15
81.81
84.62
90.45
79.25
77.97
77.84
79.07
80.25
W
77.67
76.60
79.52
W
W
87.10
92.50
80.12
72.63
70.91
72.92
75.21
68.53
68.30
69.59
70.14
68.88
74.29
77.53
80.79
72.43
76.34
77.27
77.55
79.15
76.20
75.14
74.75
75.81
76.64
81.24
84.09
89.99
78.58
75.91
76.24
78.40
80.07
73.95
74.55
74.81
75.42
76.39
80.52
84.38
89.25
78.27
73.59
73.33
76.84
78.61
70.20
70.92
72.03
71.81
71.89
74.15
78.96
83.97
74.67
2011 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
November ..............
December ..............
Average ................
99.58
110.07
114.40
124.01
116.76
116.73
117.98
113.36
112.63
114.82
115.14
115.65
114.05
81.43
80.65
89.32
99.26
98.29
92.36
91.76
84.05
85.19
88.21
93.80
95.74
90.03
85.88
90.14
105.74
112.47
109.70
104.31
101.35
95.08
99.17
104.14
108.52
106.64
102.53
85.00
89.08
103.03
110.55
105.62
103.71
105.38
98.78
99.90
101.97
108.46
106.31
101.22
101.24
108.94
117.17
126.47
119.95
120.81
121.80
115.83
117.19
116.09
117.05
117.10
116.40
96.59
103.20
110.12
116.13
112.19
110.00
111.06
109.38
109.91
108.90
108.61
108.27
108.81
W
W
118.42
124.67
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
118.35
84.70
89.88
101.22
107.95
104.04
102.32
103.04
99.54
99.10
99.89
106.90
108.02
100.14
96.57
101.81
109.56
115.18
111.48
108.97
110.19
108.26
108.82
108.07
108.35
107.53
108.06
94.03
99.96
109.23
116.64
111.90
109.87
111.58
106.24
107.67
107.98
110.09
109.63
107.85
85.02
89.03
101.20
108.91
105.06
100.83
100.38
93.81
95.59
97.91
102.90
102.52
98.75
2012 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
115.13
121.40
128.35
120.60
114.94
103.10
106.95
113.27
R 116.36
114.70
93.43
92.14
88.73
85.55
82.78
78.11
75.62
R 80.68
R 85.68
88.44
110.54
115.19
119.93
113.78
105.04
93.85
97.70
105.94
R 109.19
106.58
108.38
111.24
115.20
111.55
103.79
90.89
95.24
101.98
R 103.16
99.51
115.41
126.42
130.46
124.06
113.89
103.24
106.95
114.51
R 115.81
118.84
110.49
114.73
117.55
115.65
108.39
99.38
99.00
R 104.74
R 107.63
106.72
106.23
111.72
114.29
110.58
103.02
89.41
94.91
R 101.38
R 102.97
99.26
110.61
114.22
117.14
115.98
108.52
99.24
99.02
R 104.40
R 106.95
106.43
110.32
115.76
118.26
116.21
108.26
97.29
99.48
R 105.29
R 107.10
105.19
101.31
103.02
103.98
99.94
95.20
87.15
88.10
R 92.29
R 95.49
96.01

c See "Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)" in Glossary.
On this table, "Total OPEC" for all years includes Algeria, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya,
Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela; for
19732008, also includes Indonesia; for 19731992 and again beginning in 2008,
also includes Ecuador (although Ecuador rejoined OPEC in November 2007, on
this table Ecuador is included in "Total Non-OPEC" for 2007); for 19741995, also
includes Gabon (although Gabon was a member of OPEC for only 19751994);
and beginning in 2007, also includes Angola. Data for all countries not included in
"Total OPEC" are included in "Total Non-OPEC."
d Based on October, November, and December data only.
R=Revised. =No data reported. W=Value withheld to avoid disclosure of
Notes: See "Landed Costs" in Glossary, and Note 4, "Crude Oil Landed
W
W
W
W
Costs," at end of section. Values for the current two months are preliminary.
Prices through 1980 reflect the period of reporting; prices since then reflect the
period of loading. Annual averages are averages of the monthly prices, including
prices not published, weighted by volume. Cargoes that are purchased on a
"netback" basis, or under similar contractual arrangements whereby the actual
purchase price is not established at the time the crude oil is acquired for importation
into the United States, are not included in the published data until the actual prices
have been determined and reported. U.S. geographic coverage is the 50 States
Sources: October 1973-September 1977: Federal Energy Administration,
Form FEA-F701-M-0, "Transfer Pricing Report." October 1977-December 1977:
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), Form FEA-F701-M-0, "Transfer
Pricing Report." 1978-2009: EIA, Petroleum Marketing Annual 2009, Table 22.
2010 forward: EIA, Petroleum Marketing Monthly, January 2013, Table 22.
121
Table 9.4 Motor Gasoline Retail Prices, U.S. City Average

(Dollarsa per Gallon, Including Taxes)
Leaded
Regular
Unleaded
Regular
Unleaded
Premiumb
All Typesc
0.388
0.567
1.191
1.115
1.149
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.245
1.202
1.164
1.147
1.231
1.234
1.059
1.165
1.510
1.461
1.358
1.591
1.880
2.295
2.589
2.801
3.266
2.350
NA
NA
NA
1.340
1.349
1.336
1.413
1.416
1.250
1.357
1.693
1.657
1.556
1.777
2.068
2.491
2.805
3.033
3.519
2.607
NA
NA
1.221
1.196
1.217
1.205
1.288
1.291
1.115
1.221
1.563
1.531
1.441
1.638
1.923
2.338
2.635
2.849
3.317
2.401
2010 January ....................................

February ..................................
March .......................................
April .........................................
May ..........................................
June .........................................
July ..........................................
August .....................................
September ...............................
October ....................................
November ................................
December ................................
Average ..................................
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
2.731
2.659
2.780
2.858
2.869
2.736
2.736
2.745
2.704
2.795
2.852
2.985
2.788
2.987
2.922
3.035
3.113
3.124
3.000
2.997
3.015
2.968
3.055
3.109
3.234
3.047
2.779
2.709
2.829
2.906
2.915
2.783
2.783
2.795
2.754
2.843
2.899
3.031
2.836
2011 January ....................................

February ..................................
March .......................................
April .........................................
May ..........................................
June .........................................
July ..........................................
August .....................................
September ...............................
October ....................................
November ................................
December ................................
Average ..................................
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
3.091
3.167
3.546
3.816
3.933
3.702
3.654
3.630
3.612
3.468
3.423
3.278
3.527
3.345
3.424
3.807
4.074
4.192
3.972
3.915
3.893
3.887
3.745
3.700
3.553
3.792
3.139
3.215
3.594
3.863
3.982
3.753
3.703
3.680
3.664
3.521
3.475
3.329
3.577
2012 January ....................................

February ..................................
March .......................................
April .........................................
May ..........................................
June .........................................
July ..........................................
August .....................................
September ...............................
October ....................................
November ................................
December ................................
Average ..................................
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
3.399
3.572
3.868
3.927
3.792
3.552
3.451
3.707
3.856
3.786
3.488
3.331
3.644
3.663
3.840
4.138
4.194
4.062
3.825
3.726
3.991
4.140
4.079
3.782
3.626
3.922
3.447
3.622
3.918
3.976
3.839
3.602
3.502
3.759
3.908
3.839
3.542
3.386
3.695
1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
..................................
..................................
..................................
..................................
..................................
..................................
..................................
..................................
..................................
..................................
..................................
..................................
..................................
..................................
..................................
..................................
..................................
..................................
..................................
..................................
b The 1981 average (available in Web file) is based on September through
December data only.

c Also includes types of motor gasoline not shown separately.
NA=Not available.
Notes: See Note 5, "Motor Gasoline Prices," at end of section. In
September 1981, the Bureau of Labor Statistics changed the weights used in the
calculation of average motor gasoline prices. From September 1981 forward,
gasohol is included in the average for all types, and unleaded premium is weighted
122
more heavily. Geographic coverage for 1973-1977 is 56 urban areas.

Geographic coverage for 1978 forward is 85 urban areas.
Sources: Monthly Data: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor
Statistics, Consumer Prices: Energy. Annual Data: 1973Platts Oil Price
Handbook and Oilmanac, 1974, 51st Edition. 1974 forwardcalculated by the
U.S. Energy Information Administration as the simple averages of monthly data.
Table 9.5 Refiner Prices of Residual Fuel Oil

(Dollarsa per Gallon, Excluding Taxes)
Residual Fuel Oil
Sulfur Content Less
Than or Equal to 1 Percent
Residual Fuel Oil

Sulfur Content
Greater Than 1 Percent
Average
Sales for
Resale
Sales to
End Users
Sales for
Resale
Sales to
End Users
Sales for
Resale
Sales to
End Users
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
0.293
0.608
0.610
0.472
0.383
0.456
0.415
0.299
0.382
0.627
0.523
0.546
0.728
0.764
1.115
1.202
1.406
1.918
1.337
0.314
0.675
0.644
0.505
0.436
0.526
0.488
0.354
0.405
0.708
0.642
0.640
0.804
0.835
1.168
1.342
1.436
2.144
1.413
0.245
0.479
0.560
0.372
0.338
0.389
0.366
0.269
0.329
0.512
0.428
0.508
0.588
0.601
0.842
1.085
1.314
1.843
1.344
0.275
0.523
0.582
0.400
0.377
0.433
0.403
0.287
0.362
0.566
0.492
0.544
0.651
0.692
0.974
1.173
1.350
1.889
1.306
0.263
0.528
0.577
0.413
0.363
0.420
0.387
0.280
0.354
0.566
0.476
0.530
0.661
0.681
0.971
1.136
1.350
1.866
1.342
0.298
0.607
0.610
0.444
0.392
0.455
0.423
0.305
0.374
0.602
0.531
0.569
0.698
0.739
1.048
1.218
1.374
1.964
1.341
2010 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
November ....................
December ....................
Average ......................
1.767
1.725
1.739
1.827
1.675
1.629
1.686
1.705
1.716
1.793
1.865
2.036
1.756
1.852
1.862
1.862
1.887
1.898
1.874
1.858
1.895
1.883
1.913
2.025
2.215
1.920
1.705
1.650
1.700
1.725
1.675
1.604
1.604
1.625
1.612
1.688
1.741
1.814
1.679
1.660
1.574
1.609
1.655
1.601
1.555
1.536
1.571
1.558
1.637
1.701
1.784
1.619
1.721
1.666
1.711
1.748
1.675
1.612
1.629
1.642
1.632
1.712
1.768
1.865
1.697
1.725
1.681
1.692
1.718
1.686
1.636
1.639
1.676
1.645
1.721
1.804
1.931
1.713
2011 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
November ....................
December ....................
Average ......................
NA
2.100
2.344
2.555
2.463
2.467
2.547
2.394
2.368
2.512
2.566
2.473
2.389
2.302
2.451
2.654
2.741
2.786
2.905
2.877
2.896
2.882
2.891
2.853
2.891
2.736
1.896
2.079
2.307
2.427
2.374
2.377
2.430
2.392
2.370
2.375
2.424
2.335
2.316
1.870
2.019
2.245
2.370
2.325
2.312
2.362
2.342
2.318
2.276
2.368
2.348
2.257
1.918
2.086
2.321
2.448
2.392
2.402
2.474
2.392
2.369
2.406
2.459
2.371
2.336
2.013
2.150
2.403
2.475
2.440
2.473
2.508
2.512
2.473
2.454
2.521
2.509
2.401
2012 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
2.591
2.739
2.921
2.805
2.589
2.275
2.271
2.586
2.558
2.464
2.965
3.070
3.159
3.201
3.170
3.083
2.926
3.041
2.970
2.969
2.480
2.632
2.717
2.624
2.501
2.186
2.224
2.457
2.491
2.393
2.452
2.556
2.601
2.596
2.652
2.179
2.221
2.442
2.473
2.382
2.512
2.654
2.772
2.670
2.527
2.211
2.234
2.483
2.501
2.409
2.620
2.705
2.784
2.731
2.784
2.476
2.406
2.579
2.582
2.496
1978 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
NA=Not available.
Notes: Sales for resale are those made to purchasers other than ultimate
consumers. Sales to end users are those made directly to ultimate consumers,
including bulk consumers (such as agriculture, industry, and electric utilities) and
commercial consumers. Values for the current month are preliminary. Prices
prior to 1983 are U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) estimates. See Note
6, "Historical Petroleum Prices," at end of section. Geographic coverage is the

Sources: 1978-2009: EIA, Petroleum Marketing Annual 2009, Table 16.
123
Table 9.6 Refiner Prices of Petroleum Products for Resale

Finished
Motor
Gasolineb
Finished
Aviation
Gasoline
KeroseneType
Jet Fuel
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
0.434
0.941
0.835
0.786
0.626
0.713
0.700
0.526
0.645
0.963
0.886
0.828
1.002
1.288
1.670
1.969
2.182
2.586
1.767
0.537
1.128
1.130
1.063
0.975
1.055
1.065
0.912
1.007
1.330
1.256
1.146
1.288
1.627
2.076
2.490
2.758
3.342
2.480
2010 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
November ....................
December ....................
Average ......................
2.097
2.033
2.197
2.265
2.152
2.113
2.113
2.095
2.088
2.198
2.243
2.383
2.165
2011 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
November ....................
December ....................
Average ......................
2012 January ........................
February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
1978 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
Kerosene
No. 2
Fuel
Oil
No. 2
Diesel
Fuel
Propane
(Consumer
Grade)
0.386
0.868
0.794
0.773
0.539
0.646
0.613
0.450
0.533
0.880
0.763
0.716
0.871
1.208
1.723
1.961
2.171
3.020
1.719
0.404
0.864
0.874
0.839
0.580
0.714
0.653
0.465
0.550
0.969
0.821
0.752
0.955
1.271
1.757
2.007
2.249
2.851
1.844
0.369
0.803
0.776
0.697
0.511
0.639
0.590
0.422
0.493
0.886
0.756
0.694
0.881
1.125
1.623
1.834
2.072
2.745
1.657
0.365
0.801
0.772
0.694
0.538
0.659
0.606
0.444
0.546
0.898
0.784
0.724
0.883
1.187
1.737
2.012
2.203
2.994
1.713
0.237
0.415
0.398
0.386
0.344
0.461
0.416
0.288
0.342
0.595
0.540
0.431
0.607
0.751
0.933
1.031
1.194
1.437
0.921
2.759
2.662
2.906
2.999
2.945
2.835
2.891
2.842
2.805
2.890
2.868
3.024
2.874
2.121
1.999
2.129
2.247
2.186
2.094
2.100
2.138
2.131
2.263
2.342
2.459
2.185
2.282
2.216
2.219
2.281
2.110
2.103
2.046
2.125
2.163
2.384
NA
2.744
2.299
2.075
1.986
2.100
2.214
2.129
2.037
2.001
2.041
2.093
2.221
2.308
2.435
2.147
2.078
2.025
2.163
2.312
2.177
2.120
2.098
2.161
2.190
2.325
2.392
2.486
2.214
1.332
1.324
1.179
1.144
1.098
1.049
1.012
1.084
1.151
1.253
1.277
1.322
1.212
2.472
2.584
2.934
3.218
3.174
2.970
3.058
2.949
2.896
2.805
2.701
2.614
2.867
3.161
3.248
3.607
4.035
4.096
3.847
4.011
3.899
3.878
3.616
3.494
3.424
3.739
2.585
2.783
3.095
3.259
3.188
3.101
3.090
3.040
3.025
2.962
3.089
2.951
3.014
2.804
2.974
3.196
3.296
W
3.054
3.158
3.089
3.073
3.096
3.258
3.006
3.065
2.585
2.737
2.996
3.167
3.039
2.956
3.024
2.927
2.927
2.915
3.050
2.928
2.907
2.621
2.820
3.134
3.296
3.116
3.079
3.135
3.032
3.035
3.035
3.157
2.927
3.034
1.380
1.401
1.403
1.433
1.515
1.503
1.513
1.522
1.557
1.511
1.498
1.444
1.467
2.747
2.936
3.203
3.189
3.016
2.757
2.806
3.087
3.163
2.941
3.576
3.788
4.052
4.157
4.004
3.883
3.877
4.124
4.269
4.002
3.059
3.186
3.296
3.255
3.076
2.747
2.850
3.129
3.245
3.182
3.197
3.293
3.306
3.243
3.008
2.697
2.936
3.195
3.236
3.250
3.027
3.166
3.211
3.153
2.976
2.635
2.774
2.988
3.128
3.151
3.018
3.163
3.308
3.252
3.039
2.741
2.907
3.206
R 3.278
3.265
1.341
1.282
1.293
1.163
0.950
0.762
0.809
0.875
0.910
0.979
b See Note 5, "Motor Gasoline Prices," at end of section.
R=Revised. NA=Not available. W=Value withheld to avoid disclosure of

Notes: Sales for resale are those made to purchasers other than ultimate
consumers. Sales to end users are shown in Table 9.7; they are sales made
directly to ultimate consumers, including bulk consumers (such as agriculture,
industry, and electric utilities) and residential and commercial consumers. Values
124
for the current month are preliminary. Prices prior to 1983 are U.S. Energy
Information Administration (EIA) estimates. See Note 6, "Historical Petroleum
Prices," at end of section. Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District
of Columbia.
Table 9.7 Refiner Prices of Petroleum Products to End Users

Finished
Motor
Gasolineb
Finished
Aviation
Gasoline
KeroseneType
Jet Fuel
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
0.484
1.035
0.912
0.883
0.765
0.847
0.839
0.673
0.781
1.106
1.032
0.947
1.156
1.435
1.829
2.128
2.345
2.775
1.888
0.516
1.084
1.201
1.120
1.005
1.116
1.128
0.975
1.059
1.306
1.323
1.288
1.493
1.819
2.231
2.682
2.849
3.273
2.442
2010 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
November ....................
December ....................
Average ......................
2.240
2.173
2.301
2.370
2.353
2.251
2.247
2.250
2.219
2.319
2.378
2.514
2.301
2011 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
November ....................
December ....................
Average ......................
2012 January ........................
February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
1978 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
Kerosene
No. 2
Fuel
Oil
No. 2
Diesel
Fuel
Propane
(Consumer
Grade)
0.387
0.868
0.796
0.766
0.540
0.651
0.613
0.452
0.543
0.899
0.775
0.721
0.872
1.207
1.735
1.998
2.165
3.052
1.704
0.421
0.902
1.030
0.923
0.589
0.740
0.745
0.501
0.605
1.123
1.045
0.990
1.224
1.160
1.957
2.244
2.263
3.283
2.675
0.400
0.788
0.849
0.734
0.562
0.673
0.636
0.482
0.558
0.927
0.829
0.737
0.933
1.173
1.705
1.982
2.241
2.986
1.962
0.377
0.818
0.789
0.725
0.560
0.681
0.642
0.494
0.584
0.935
0.842
0.762
0.944
1.243
1.786
2.096
2.267
3.150
1.834
0.335
0.482
0.717
0.745
0.492
0.605
0.552
0.405
0.458
0.603
0.506
0.419
0.577
0.839
1.089
1.358
1.489
1.892
1.220
2.914
2.855
3.103
3.201
3.129
2.981
3.028
2.967
2.893
3.000
3.095
3.218
3.028
2.129
2.018
2.144
2.272
2.199
2.105
2.103
2.158
2.148
2.298
2.374
2.484
2.201
2.986
2.974
2.978
3.040
2.938
2.965
NA
2.772
2.898
3.058
3.130
3.276
3.063
2.369
2.310
2.425
2.527
2.487
2.393
2.246
2.379
2.346
2.580
2.641
2.749
2.462
2.192
2.144
2.265
2.410
2.343
2.284
2.212
2.260
2.269
2.389
2.457
2.554
2.314
1.913
2.009
NA
1.326
1.264
1.204
1.162
1.211
1.283
1.425
NA
1.863
1.481
2.615
2.712
3.072
3.340
3.419
3.184
3.172
3.134
3.090
2.980
2.922
2.808
3.050
3.323
3.374
3.767
4.132
4.091
3.913
4.027
3.920
3.915
3.697
3.620
W
3.803
2.623
2.818
3.161
3.306
3.220
3.138
3.118
3.057
3.059
2.987
3.124
2.963
3.054
3.358
3.506
3.697
3.796
3.894
3.802
3.812
3.851
3.873
3.823
3.892
3.824
3.616
2.889
3.020
3.255
3.430
3.337
3.193
3.294
3.251
3.288
3.346
3.403
3.255
3.193
2.681
2.867
3.189
3.370
3.231
3.183
3.214
3.143
3.127
3.108
3.225
3.024
3.117
NA
1.823
1.763
NA
1.648
1.681
1.620
1.650
1.702
1.706
1.773
1.691
1.709
2.914
3.087
3.389
3.405
3.289
3.061
2.981
3.248
3.357
3.260
3.732
W
4.133
4.313
W
W
W
4.091
4.262
4.064
3.087
3.206
3.337
3.283
3.100
2.768
2.856
3.123
R 3.283
3.211
3.848
3.874
3.919
3.916
3.741
3.753
3.612
3.575
3.771
3.864
3.345
3.495
3.522
3.509
3.258
2.982
3.041
3.256
3.361
3.426
3.093
3.224
3.378
3.342
3.163
2.912
2.989
3.265
3.367
3.364
1.655
1.518
1.470
1.352
1.080
0.902
0.972
0.916
0.932
0.980
b See Note 5, "Motor Gasoline Prices," at end of section.
R=Revised. NA=Not available. W=Value withheld to avoid disclosure of

Notes: Sales to end users are those made directly to ultimate consumers,
including bulk consumers (such as agriculture, industry, and electric utilities) and
residential and commercial consumers. Sales for resale are shown in Table 9.6;
they are sales made to purchasers other than ultimate consumers. Values for
the current month are preliminary. Prices prior to 1983 are U.S. Energy
Information Administration (EIA) estimates. See Note 6, "Historical Petroleum
Prices," at end of section. Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District
of Columbia.
125
Figure 9.2 Average Retail Prices of Electricity

(Centsa per Kilowatthour)
By Sector, 1973-2011
By Sector, Monthly
14
14
Transportation
12
12
Transportation
Residential
10
10
Commercial
Commercial
Residential
8
Otherb
Industrial
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2010
2011
2012

14
12
10
Industrial
9.88
9.96
9.91
12
12.03
10.11
10
9.88
8
8
6.65
6
6
4
4
2
0
2010
2011
2012
Prices are not adjusted for inflation. See Nominal Price in Glossary.
Public street and highway lighting, interdepartmental sales, other sales to
public authorities, agricultural and irrigation, and transportation including railroads and railways.
126
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Transportation
Note: Includes taxes.

Source: Table 9.8.
Table 9.8 Average Retail Prices of Electricity

(Centsa per Kilowatthour, Including Taxes)
Residential
Commercialb
Industrialc
Transportationd
Othere
Total
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
2.50
3.50
5.40
7.39
7.83
8.40
8.36
8.43
8.26
8.16
8.24
8.58
8.44
8.72
8.95
9.45
10.40
10.65
11.26
11.51
2.40
3.50
5.50
7.27
7.34
7.69
7.64
7.59
7.41
7.26
7.43
7.92
7.89
8.03
8.17
8.67
9.46
9.65
10.36
10.17
1.30
2.10
3.70
4.97
4.74
4.66
4.60
4.53
4.48
4.43
4.64
5.05
4.88
5.11
5.25
5.73
6.16
6.39
6.83
6.81
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
7.54
7.18
8.57
9.54
9.70
10.74
10.65
2.10
3.10
4.80
6.09
6.40
6.88
6.91
6.91
6.63
6.35
6.56
7.20
6.75
2.00
2.90
4.70
6.44
6.57
6.89
6.86
6.85
6.74
6.64
6.81
7.29
7.20
7.44
7.61
8.14
8.90
9.13
9.74
9.82
2010 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
November ....................
December ....................
Average ......................
10.49
10.89
11.11
11.71
11.91
11.91
12.04
12.03
11.95
11.86
11.62
11.06
11.54
9.55
9.89
9.95
9.95
10.15
10.56
10.72
10.62
10.52
10.25
9.99
9.82
10.19
6.50
6.55
6.53
6.55
6.64
6.96
7.23
7.22
7.00
6.80
6.56
6.60
6.77
10.17
10.48
10.28
10.52
10.52
11.14
10.95
10.86
10.53
10.49
10.47
10.39
10.57
9.28
9.47
9.48
9.53
9.72
10.18
10.46
10.40
10.17
9.81
9.55
9.52
9.83
2011 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
November ....................
December ....................
Average ......................
10.87
11.06
11.52
11.67
11.93
11.97
12.09
12.09
12.17
12.08
11.78
11.40
11.72
9.78
9.99
9.93
9.96
10.19
10.66
10.67
10.72
10.59
10.25
9.98
9.77
10.23
6.53
6.63
6.53
6.53
6.68
7.14
7.31
7.40
7.15
6.77
6.53
6.51
6.82
10.29
10.55
10.24
9.97
10.70
11.01
11.21
10.82
10.80
10.25
9.93
9.79
10.46
9.48
9.56
9.55
9.54
9.78
10.26
10.47
10.49
10.29
9.83
9.58
9.53
9.90
2012 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
11.39
11.52
11.72
11.91
11.94
12.09
12.00
12.17
12.33
12.03
11.92
9.83
9.96
9.88
9.83
10.01
10.42
10.42
10.43
10.55
10.11
10.16
6.46
6.48
6.48
6.40
6.55
6.92
7.15
7.11
7.01
6.65
6.73
9.69
9.55
9.83
10.02
9.76
10.22
10.57
10.29
10.39
9.88
10.02
9.61
9.60
9.56
9.49
9.68
10.15
10.31
10.34
10.31
9.76
9.91

11.74
11.58
10.30
10.24
6.88
6.81
10.58
10.59
9.96
9.88
1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
a Prices are not adjusted for inflation. See "Nominal Price" in Glossary.
b Commercial sector. For 19732002, prices exclude public street and highway
lighting, interdepartmental sales, and other sales to public authorities.

c Industrial sector. For 19732002, prices exclude agriculture and irrigation.
d Transportation sector, including railroads and railways.
e Public street and highway lighting, interdepartmental sales, other sales to
public authorities, agriculture and irrigation, and transportation including railroads
and railways.
NA=Not available. =Not applicable.
Notes: Beginning in 2003, the category "Other" has been replaced by
"Transportation," and the categories "Commercial" and "Industrial" have been
redefined. Prices are calculated by dividing revenue by sales. Revenue may not
correspond to sales for a particular month because of energy service provider
billing and accounting procedures. That lack of correspondence could result in
uncharacteristic increases or decreases in the monthly prices. Prices include
State and local taxes, energy or demand charges, customer service charges,
environmental surcharges, franchise fees, fuel adjustments, and other
miscellaneous charges applied to end-use customers during normal billing

operations. Prices do not include deferred charges, credits, or other adjustments,
such as fuel or revenue from purchased power, from previous reporting periods.
See Note 7, "Electricity Retail Prices," at end of section for plant coverage, and
for information on preliminary and final values. Geographic coverage is the 50
Sources: 1973-September 1977: Federal Power Commission, Form FPC-5,
"Monthly Statement of Electric Operating Revenues and Income." October
1977-February 1980: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), Form
FPC-5, "Monthly Statement of Electric Operating Revenues and Income." March
1980-1982: FERC, Form FERC-5, "Electric Utility Company Monthly Statement."
1983: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), Form EIA-826, "Electric
Utility Company Monthly Statement." 1984-1997: EIA, Form EIA-861, "Annual
Electric Utility Report." 1998 forward: EIA, Electric Power Monthly, December
2012, Table 5.3.
127
Figure 9.3 Cost of Fossil-Fuel Receipts at Electric Generating Plants

(Dollarsa per Million Btu, Including Taxes)
Costs, 1973-2011
20
15
Residual Fuel Oil
10
Natural Gas
5
Coal
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Costs, Monthly
25
Residual Fuel Oil
20
15
10
5
Natural Gas
Coal
0
J F M A M J
J A S O N D J F M A M J
2010
J A S O N D J F M A M J
2011
J A S O N D
2012
By Fuel Type
30
October 2010
October 2011
October 2012
24.85
25
23.20
19.62
20
20.70
17.14
15
13.53
10
4.30
4.33
3.81
2.43
3.32
2.07
2.27
2.39
0
Distillate Fuel Oil
Residual Fuel Oil
a
Prices are not adjusted for inflation.
Glossary.
128
See Nominal Dollars in
Natural Gas
Petroleum Coke
Coal

Source: Table 9.9.
2.38
Table 9.9 Cost of Fossil-Fuel Receipts at Electric Generating Plants

(Dollarsa per Million Btu, Including Taxes)
Petroleum
Coal
Residual Fuel Oilb
Distillate Fuel Oilc
Petroleum Coke
Totald
Natural Gase
All Fossil Fuelsf
1973 Average ....................

1975 Average ....................
1980 Average ....................
1985 Average ....................
1990 Average ....................
1995 Average ....................
1996 Average ....................
1997 Average ....................
1998 Average ....................
1999 Average ....................
2000 Average ....................
2001 Average ....................
2002 Averageg ...................
2003 Average ....................
2004 Average ....................
2005 Average ....................
2006 Average ....................
2007 Average ....................
2008 Average ....................
2009 Average ....................
0.41
.81
1.35
1.65
1.45
1.32
1.29
1.27
1.25
1.22
1.20
1.23
1.25
1.28
1.36
1.54
1.69
1.77
2.07
2.21
0.79
2.01
4.27
4.24
3.32
2.59
3.03
2.79
2.08
2.44
4.29
3.73
3.73
4.66
4.73
7.06
7.85
8.64
13.62
8.98
NA
NA
NA
NA
5.38
3.99
4.87
4.49
3.30
4.03
6.65
6.30
5.34
6.82
8.02
11.72
13.28
14.85
21.46
13.22
NA
NA
NA
NA
.80
.65
.78
.91
.71
.65
.58
.78
.78
.72
.83
1.11
1.33
1.51
2.11
1.61
0.80
2.02
4.35
4.32
3.35
2.57
3.03
2.73
2.02
2.36
4.18
3.69
3.34
4.33
4.29
6.44
6.23
7.17
10.87
7.02
0.34
.75
2.20
3.44
2.32
1.98
2.64
2.76
2.38
2.57
4.30
4.49
3.56
5.39
5.96
8.21
6.94
7.11
9.01
4.74
0.48
1.04
1.93
2.09
1.69
1.45
1.52
1.52
1.44
1.44
1.74
1.73
1.86
2.28
2.48
3.25
3.02
3.23
4.12
3.04
2010 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
2.23
2.27
2.31
2.29
2.26
2.25
2.27
2.30
2.28
2.27
2.26
2.23
2.27
11.85
12.11
12.44
13.17
12.36
11.96
12.28
12.28
12.34
13.53
14.06
14.61
12.57
15.73
15.69
16.42
17.10
16.54
16.12
15.89
16.24
16.53
17.14
17.43
18.56
16.61
1.72
1.80
2.09
2.18
2.22
2.15
2.42
2.65
2.67
2.43
2.22
2.57
2.28
9.72
9.51
8.95
7.95
9.47
9.26
9.63
9.18
9.35
9.13
10.86
11.29
9.54
6.71
6.07
5.29
4.71
4.79
5.12
5.18
4.92
4.45
4.30
4.35
5.43
5.09
3.74
3.45
3.16
3.01
3.12
3.34
3.51
3.39
3.10
2.94
2.94
3.32
3.26
2011 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
2.32
2.35
2.34
2.38
2.43
2.40
2.45
2.47
2.44
2.39
2.37
2.34
2.39
14.80
15.94
17.59
18.21
17.57
20.38
20.18
17.09
19.66
19.62
19.47
20.99
18.35
19.59
20.93
22.59
24.06
23.04
23.13
22.95
22.51
22.73
23.20
23.38
22.45
22.46
3.13
2.84
3.09
3.20
3.31
2.78
3.30
3.08
2.93
3.32
2.58
2.74
3.03
11.83
11.60
12.98
13.04
13.21
14.29
12.13
10.52
11.51
13.20
13.03
12.11
12.48
5.39
5.09
4.64
4.86
4.89
5.04
4.98
4.73
4.56
4.33
4.10
4.04
4.72
3.37
3.27
3.12
3.29
3.39
3.52
3.62
3.44
3.26
3.14
3.04
3.02
3.30
2012 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
2.43
2.40
2.41
2.44
2.44
2.38
2.41
2.42
2.39
2.38
2.41
20.81
21.04
21.60
22.83
22.54
22.19
19.72
19.59
20.77
20.70
21.07
22.87
23.73
24.80
24.30
23.23
21.66
21.80
23.15
24.30
24.85
23.34
2.71
2.57
2.43
2.64
2.68
2.73
2.93
2.51
2.43
2.07
2.56
12.76
12.61
12.31
13.17
13.88
13.41
13.95
13.24
10.33
12.24
12.78
3.67
3.32
2.96
2.68
2.90
3.08
3.41
3.48
3.38
3.81
3.27
2.98
2.83
2.73
2.65
2.75
2.81
2.98
2.97
2.87
3.00
2.86

2.40
2.27
18.08
12.33
22.36
16.24
3.11
2.26
12.47
9.27
4.84
5.12
3.35
3.28
b For 19732001, electric utility data are for heavy oil (fuel oil nos. 5 and 6, and
small amounts of fuel oil no. 4).

c For 19732001, electric utility data are for light oil (fuel oil nos. 1 and 2).
petroleum, and waste oil. For 19731982, data do not include refined motor oil,
bunker oil, and liquefied petroleum gases. For 19731989, data do not include
petroleum coke.
e Natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels. For
1973-2000, data also include a small amount of blast furnace gas and other gases
derived from fossil fuels.
f Weighted average of costs shown under "Coal," "Petroleum," and "Natural
Gas."
g Through 2001, data are for electric utilities only. Beginning in 2002, data also
include independent power producers, and electric generating plants in the
commercial and industrial sectors. See Note 8, "Costs of Fossil-Fuel Receipts at
Electric Generating Plants," at end of section for plant coverage.
NA=Not available.
Notes: Receipts are purchases of fuel. Yearly costs are averages of
monthly values, weighted by quantities in Btu. Geographic coverage is the 50
129
Figure 9.4
Natural Gas Prices

(Dollarsa per Thousand Cubic Feet)
Selected Prices, 1973-2011

10
8
6
4
Citygate
Wellhead
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2005
2010
Consuming Sectors, 1973-2011

14
12
10
8
Residentialb
Commercialb
6
4
2
Electric Powerb
Industrial
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
Transportation
1995
2000
Consuming Sectors, Monthly

20
Residentialb
15
Commercialb
10
Industrialb
Electric Powerb
0
J
F M A M
S O N D
F M A M
2010
a
b
Prices are not adjusted for inflation. See Nominal Dollars in Glossary.
Includes taxes.
130
S O N D
F M A M
2011
S O N D
2012

Source: Table 9.10.
Table 9.10 Natural Gas Prices

(Dollarsa per Thousand Cubic Feet)
Consuming Sectorsb
Residential
Wellhead
Price
Citygate
Price
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
0.22
.44
1.59
2.51
1.71
1.55
2.17
2.32
1.96
2.19
3.68
4.00
2.95
4.88
5.46
7.33
6.39
6.25
7.97
3.67
NA
NA
NA
3.75
3.03
2.78
3.27
3.66
3.07
3.10
4.62
5.72
4.12
5.85
6.65
8.67
8.61
8.16
9.18
6.48
2010 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Average ..................
5.69
5.30
4.70
4.10
4.24
4.27
4.44
4.38
3.83
4.05
4.12
4.68
4.48
6.84
6.64
6.50
5.88
5.81
6.02
6.31
6.22
5.72
5.70
5.48
5.74
6.18
2011 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Average ..................
4.37
4.34
3.95
4.05
4.12
4.20
4.27
4.20
3.82
3.62
3.35
3.14
3.95
R 5.69
2012 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
10-Month Average
1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
2011 10-Month Average

2010 10-Month Average
5.75
R 5.73
5.62
R 5.80
R 6.12
R 6.16
6.19
Commercialc
Pricef
Percentage
of Sectorg
Pricef
1.29
1.71
3.68
6.12
5.80
6.06
6.34
6.94
6.82
6.69
7.76
9.63
7.89
9.63
10.75
12.70
13.73
13.08
13.89
12.14
NA
NA
NA
NA
99.2
99.0
99.0
98.8
97.7
95.2
92.6
92.4
97.9
97.5
97.7
98.1
98.1
98.0
97.5
97.4
0.94
1.35
3.39
5.50
4.83
5.05
5.40
5.80
5.48
5.33
6.59
8.43
6.63
8.40
9.43
11.34
12.00
11.34
12.23
10.06
10.56
10.69
97.4
97.8
97.6
96.2
97.1
96.9
96.8
96.4
96.7
96.8
97.4
R 97.7
R 97.3
9.65
9.71
9.70
R 9.57
R 9.50
R 9.72
R 10.04
R 9.94
R 9.56
R 9.27
8.86
R 8.82
9.47
96.5
R 96.5
96.2
96.0
96.2
96.3
96.3
95.7
R 95.5
95.7
95.2
96.4
96.2
R 8.75
R 8.88
R 8.89
R 9.03
R 9.36
R 9.58
96.2
96.2
R 95.5
R 95.6
95.6
95.6
95.1
95.1
95.2
95.9
8.22
7.94
8.40
R 8.02
7.93
R 8.21
R 8.30
R 8.49
8.17
8.00
8.15
96.3
97.3
9.04
9.66
R 10.99
11.97
13.12
14.86
16.21
16.65
R 15.63
13.37
R 10.89
R 9.98
11.39
R 9.90
R 10.14
R 10.43
R 11.27
12.50
R 14.70
R 16.14
16.67
R 5.94
R 5.45
R 5.29
R 15.63
R 12.85
R 10.78
5.03
R 5.63
9.84
R 11.03
E 2.89
E 2.46
E 2.25
E 1.89
E 1.94
E 2.54
E 2.59
E 2.86
E 2.71
E 3.03
E 2.52
4.86
4.74
4.84
4.20
R 4.32
R 4.66
R 4.90
5.17
R 4.77
4.67
4.72
9.64
9.51
10.45
R 10.91
R 12.44
R 14.22
R 15.29
15.94
R 14.89
11.74
10.97
4.09
4.50
5.78
6.36
11.27
11.78
R 96.1
9.59
R 9.77
R 9.47
8.95
R 8.63
8.33
R 8.92
b See Note 9, "Natural Gas Prices," at end of section.
c Commercial sector, including commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP)
and commercial electricity-only plants. See Note, "Classification of Power Plants

Into Energy-Use Sectors," at end of Section 7.
d Industrial sector, including industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and
industrial electricity-only plants. See Note, "Classification of Power Plants Into
Energy-Use Sectors," at end of Section 7.
e The
electric
power
sector
comprises
electricity-only
and
primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public.
Through 2001, data are for electric utilities only; beginning in 2002, data also
include independent power producers. See Note 8, "Costs of Fossil-Fuel
Receipts at Electric Generating Plants," at end of section for plant coverage.
f Includes taxes.
g The percentage of the sectors consumption in Table 4.3 for which price
data are available. For details on how the percentages are derived, see Table
9.10 Sources at end of section.
Percentage
of Sectorg
Industriald
Pricef
Percentage
of Sectorg
Transportation
Electric Powere
Vehicle Fuelh
Pricef
Pricef
Percentage
of Sectorg,i
NA
NA
NA
NA
86.6
76.7
77.6
70.8
67.0
66.1
63.9
66.0
77.4
78.2
78.0
82.1
80.8
80.4
R 79.7
77.8
0.50
.96
2.56
3.95
2.93
2.71
3.42
3.59
3.14
3.12
4.45
5.24
4.02
5.89
6.53
8.56
7.87
7.68
9.65
5.33
NA
NA
NA
68.8
35.2
24.5
19.4
18.1
16.1
18.8
19.8
20.8
22.7
22.1
23.6
24.0
23.4
22.2
R 20.4
18.8
NA
NA
NA
NA
3.39
3.98
4.34
4.44
4.59
4.34
5.54
6.60
5.10
6.19
7.16
9.14
8.72
8.50
11.75
8.13
0.38
.77
2.27
3.55
2.38
2.02
2.69
2.78
2.40
2.62
4.38
4.61
e3.68
5.57
6.11
8.47
7.11
7.31
9.26
4.93
92.1
96.1
96.9
94.0
76.8
71.4
68.4
68.0
63.7
58.3
50.5
40.2
83.9
91.2
89.8
91.3
93.4
92.2
101.1
101.1
81.2
6.93
6.76
6.01
5.12
R 5.08
R 5.04
5.49
5.37
4.61
R 4.73
4.60
R 5.50
5.49
R 18.3
R 17.8
R 17.6
R 17.0
R 17.1
R 17.3
R 17.5
R 17.0
R 16.7
R 16.1
R 16.9
R 17.1
18.0
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
6.25
6.98
6.27
5.47
4.91
4.96
5.31
5.34
5.06
4.61
4.45
4.55
5.68
5.27
101.0
100.5
101.0
100.9
100.9
100.6
100.6
100.5
100.7
101.3
101.0
101.3
100.8
R 72.8
R 72.0
R 69.6
R 66.4
R 63.9
R 61.7
R 60.1
R 58.1
R 57.8
R 61.4
R 66.1
R 69.1
R 67.3
R 5.64
4.63
4.57
5.11
R 17.1
R 16.9
R 16.8
R 16.3
R 16.7
R 16.2
R 17.0
R 16.4
R 16.2
R 16.2
R 16.5
R 17.0
R 16.6
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
R 7.29
5.66
5.29
4.84
5.03
5.04
5.20
5.13
4.85
4.71
4.49
4.26
4.18
4.89
101.7
101.8
101.0
101.6
101.3
101.1
100.5
101.0
101.4
101.5
101.1
101.4
101.2
70.4
R 4.54
R 4.32
R 3.70
R 3.19
R 3.01
R 3.28
R 3.55
R 3.80
R 16.5
R 16.6
R 16.5
R 15.8
R 16.1
R 16.0
R 16.4
R 17.2
60.7
64.7
3.52
3.90
3.71
17.1
17.0
16.5
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
3.81
3.45
3.07
2.79
3.03
3.20
3.53
3.59
3.52
3.98
3.40
100.8
100.4
100.3
101.1
100.8
100.7
100.7
100.5
101.3
101.4
100.8
67.2
76.9
5.22
5.58
16.6
17.3
NA
NA
5.01
5.29
101.2
100.8
R 81.7
79.7
75.7
73.0
71.9
70.6
69.8
68.5
71.8
77.7
80.2
77.5
R 69.1
R 67.1
R 63.6
R 60.8
60.4
R 59.1
R 57.1
R 57.6
5.75
R 5.20
5.33
R 5.20
R 5.20
R 5.04
R 5.20
R 4.82
R 4.70
h Much of the natural gas delivered for vehicle fuel represents deliveries to
fueling stations that are used primarily or exclusively by fleet vehicles. Thus, the
prices are often those associated with the cost of gas in the operation of fleet
vehicles.
i Percentages exceed 100 percent when reported natural gas receipts are
greater than reported natural gas consumptionthis can occur when
combined-heat-and-power plants report fuel receipts related to non-electric
generating activities.
R=Revised. NA=Not available. E=Estimate.
Notes: Prices are for natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental
gaseous fuels. Prices are intended to include all taxes. See Note 9, "Natural
Gas Prices," at end of section. Wellhead annual and year-to-date prices are
simple averages of the monthly prices; all other annual and year-to-date prices
are volume-weighted averages of the monthly prices. Geographic coverage is
the 50 States and the District of Columbia.
131
Energy Prices
Note 1. Crude Oil Domestic First Purchase Prices. The
average domestic first purchase price represents the average
price at which all domestic crude oil is purchased. Prior to
February 1976, the price represented an estimate of the average of posted prices; beginning with February 1976, the
price represents an average of actual first purchase prices.
The data series was previously called Actual Domestic
Wellhead Price.
Note 2. Crude Oil F.O.B. Costs. F.O.B. literally means
Free on Board. It denotes a transaction whereby the seller
makes the product available with an agreement on a given
port at a given price; it is the responsibility of the buyer to
arrange for the transportation and insurance.
Note 3. Crude Oil Landed Costs. The landed cost of
imported crude oil from selected countries does not represent the total cost of all imported crude. Prior to April 1975,
imported crude costs to U.S. company-owned refineries in
the Caribbean were not included in the landed cost, and
costs of crude oil from countries that export only small
amounts to the United States were also excluded. Beginning
in April 1975, however, coverage was expanded to include
U.S. company-owned refineries in the Caribbean. Landed
costs do not include supplemental fees.
Note 4. Crude Oil Refinery Acquisition Costs. Beginning with January 1981, refiner acquisition costs of crude
oil are from data collected on U.S. Energy Information
Administration (EIA) Form EIA-14, Refiners Monthly
Cost Report. Those costs were previously published from
data collected on Economic Regulatory Administration
(ERA) Form ERA-49, Domestic Crude Oil Entitlements
Program Refiners Monthly Report. Form ERA-49 was
discontinued with the decontrol of crude oil on January 28,
1981. Crude oil purchases and costs are defined for Form
EIA-14 in accordance with conventions used for Form
ERA-49. The respondents for the two forms are also essentially the same. However, due to possible different interpretations of the filing requirements and a different method for
handling prior period adjustments, care must be taken when
comparing the data collected on the two forms.
The refiner acquisition cost of crude oil is the average price
paid by refiners for crude oil booked into their refineries in
accordance with accounting procedures generally accepted
and consistently and historically applied by the refiners
concerned. Domestic crude oil is that oil produced in the
United States or from the outer continental shelf as defined in
43 USC Section 1331. Imported crude oil is either that oil
reported on Form ERA-51, Transfer Pricing Report, or any
crude oil that is not domestic oil. The composite cost is the
weighted average of domestic and imported crude oil costs.
Crude oil costs and volumes reported on Form ERA-49
excluded unfinished oils but included the Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR). Crude oil costs and volumes reported
132
on Federal Energy Administration (FEA) Form FEA-P110M-1, Refiners Monthly Cost Allocation Report, included
unfinished oils but excluded SPR. Imported averages
derived from Form ERA-49 exclude oil purchased for SPR,
whereas the composite averages derived from Form ERA-49
include SPR. None of the prices derived from Form EIA-14
include either unfinished oils or SPR.
Note 5. Motor Gasoline Prices. Several different series of
motor gasoline prices are published in this section. U.S. city
average retail prices of motor gasoline are calculated
monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics during the development of the Consumer Price Index (CPI). These prices
include all Federal, State, and local taxes paid at the time of
sale. From 19741977, prices were collected in 56 urban
areas. From 1978 forward, prices are collected from a new
sample of service stations in 85 urban areas selected to
represent all urban consumersabout 80 percent of the total
U.S. population. The service stations are selected initially,
and on a replacement basis, in such a way that they represent the purchasing habits of the CPI population. Service
stations in the current sample include those providing all
types of service (i.e., full-, mini-, and self-serve).
Refiner prices of finished motor gasoline for resale and to
end users are determined by the EIA in a monthly survey of
refiners and gas plant operators (Form EIA-782A). The
prices do not include any Federal, State, or local taxes paid
at the time of sale. Estimates of prices prior to January 1983
are based on Form FEA-P302-M-1/EIA-460, Petroleum
Industry Monthly Report for Product Prices, and also
exclude all Federal, State, or local taxes paid at the time of
sale. Sales for resale are those made to purchasers who are
other-than-ultimate consumers. Sales to end users are sales
made directly to the consumer of the product, including bulk
consumers (such as agriculture, industry, and utilities) and
residential and commercial consumers.
Note 6. Historical Petroleum Prices. Starting in January
1983, Form EIA-782, Monthly Petroleum Product Sales
Report, replaced 10 previous surveys. Every attempt was
made to continue the most important price series. However,
prices published through December 1982 and those
published since January 1983 do not necessarily form
continuous data series due to changes in survey forms, definitions, instructions, populations, samples, processing
systems, and statistical procedures. To provide historical
data, continuous series were generated for annual data
19781982 and for monthly data 1981 and 1982 by estimating the prices that would have been published had Form
EIA-782 survey and system been in operation at that time.
This form of estimation was performed after detailed adjustment was made for product and sales type matching and for
discontinuity due to other factors. An important difference
between the previous and present prices is the distinction
between wholesale and resale and between retail and end
user. The resale category continues to include sales among
resellers. However, sales to bulk consumers, such as utility,
industrial, and commercial accounts previously included in
the wholesale category, are now counted as made to end

users. The end-user category continues to include retail
sales through company-owned and operated outlets but
also includes sales to the bulk consumers such as agriculture, industry, and electric utilities. Additional information may be found in Estimated Historic Time Series for
the EIA-782, a feature article by Paula Weir, printed in
the December 1983 [3] Petroleum Marketing Monthly,
published by EIA.
Note 7. Electricity Retail Prices. Average annual retail
prices of electricity have the following plant coverage:
Through 1979, annual data are for Classes A and B
privately owned electric utilities only. For 19801982,
annual data are for selected Class A utilities whose electric
operating revenues were $100 million or more during the
previous year. For 1983, annual data are for a selected
sample of electric utilities. Beginning in 1984, data are for
a census of electric utilities. Beginning in 1996, annual
data also include energy service providers selling to retail
customers.
Average monthly retail prices of electricity have the
following plant coverage: Through 1985, monthly data are
derived from selected privately owned electric utilities
and, therefore, are not national averages. Beginning in
1986, monthly data are based on a sample of publicly and
privately owned electric utilities. Beginning in 1996,
monthly data also include energy service providers selling
to retail customers.
Preliminary monthly data are from Form EIA-826,
"Monthly Electric Sales and Revenue Report With State
Distributions Report," which is a monthly collection of
data from approximately 450 of the largest publicly and
privately owned electric utilities as well as a census of
energy service providers with retail sales in deregulated
States; a model is then applied to the collected data to estimate for the entire universe of U.S. electric utilities.
Preliminary annual data are the sum of the monthly revenues divided by the sum of the monthly sales. When final
annual data become available each year from Form EIA861, "Annual Electric Power Industry Report," their ratios
to the preliminary Form EIA-826 values are used to derive
adjusted final monthly values.
Note 8. Costs of Fossil-Fuel Receipts at Electric Generating Plants. Data for 19731982 cover all regulated electric
generating plants at which the generator nameplate capacity of all steam-electric units combined totaled 25 megawatts or greater. From 19741982, peaking units were
included in the data and counted towards the
25-megawatt-or-greater total. Data for 19831990 cover
all regulated electric generating plants at which the
generator nameplate capacity of all steam-electric units
combined totaled 50 megawatts or greater. Data for
19912001 cover all regulated electric generating plants at
which the generator nameplate capacity of all steamelectric units and combined-cycle units together totaled 50
megawatts or greater. Data for 2002 forward cover the

aforementioned regulated generating plants plus unregulated generating plants (independent power producers, as
well as combined-heat-and-power generating plants and
electricity-only plants in the commercial and industrial
sector) whose total facility fossil-fueled nameplate generating capacity is 50 or more megawatts, regardless of unit
type.
Note 9. Natural Gas Prices. Natural gas prices are
intended to include all taxes. Instructions on the data
collection forms specifically direct that all Federal, State,
and local taxes, surcharges, and/or adjustments billed to
consumers are to be included. However, sales and other
taxes itemized on more than 3,000 consumers bills are
sometimes excluded by the reporting utilities. Deliveredto-consumers prices for 1987 forward represent natural
gas delivered and sold to residential, commercial, industrial, vehicle fuel, and electric power consumers. They do
not include the price of natural gas delivered on behalf of
third parties to residential, commercial, industrial, and vehicle
fuel customers except for certain States in the residential and
commercial sectors for 2002 forward. Volumes of natural gas
delivered on behalf of third parties are included in the
consumption data shown in Table 4.3. Additional information
is available in the EIA Natural Gas Monthly, Appendix C.
Table 9.1 Sources

Domestic First Purchase Price
of Mines (BOM), Minerals Yearbook, Crude Petroleum and
Petroleum Products chapter.
1977: Federal Energy Administration, based on Form FEAP124, Domestic Crude Oil Purchasers Monthly Report.
Petroleum Marketing Annual 2009, Table 1.
2010 forward: EIA, Petroleum Marketing Monthly, January
2013, Table 1.
F.O.B. and Landed Cost of Imports
October 1973September 1977: Federal Energy Administration, Form FEA-F701-M-0, Transfer Pricing Report.
OctoberDecember 1977: EIA, Form FEA-F701-M-0,
Transfer Pricing Report.
19782009: EIA, Petroleum Marketing Annual 2009, Table
1.
2010 forward: EIA, Petroleum Marketing Monthly, January
2013, Table 1.
Refiner Acquisition Cost
1973: EIA estimates. The domestic price was derived by
adding estimated transportation costs to the reported domestic first purchase price. The imported price was derived by
adding an estimated ocean transport cost to the average
Free Alongside Ship value published by the U.S. Bureau
of the Census.
133
19741976: DOI, BOM, Minerals Yearbook, Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products chapter.
1977: JanuarySeptember, FEA, based on Form FEAP110-M-1, Refiners Monthly Cost Allocation Report.
OctoberDecember, EIA, based on Form FEA-P110-M-1,
Refiners Monthly Cost Allocation Report.
1.
Vehicle Fuel Price

EIA, NGA, annual reports.
Electric Power Sector Price
19731998: EIA, NGA 2000, Table 96.
19992002: EIA, NGM, October 2004, Table 4.
20032007: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Form
FERC-423, Monthly Report of Cost and Quality of Fuels for
Electric Utility Plants, and EIA, Form EIA-423 Monthly
Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Plants Report.
2008 forward: Form EIA-923, Power Plant Operations
Report.
Table 9.2 Sources

October 1973September 1977: Federal Energy Administration, Form FEA-F701-M-0, Transfer Pricing Report.
October 1977December 1977: U.S. Energy Information
Administration (EIA), Form FEA-F701-M-0, Transfer
Pricing Report.
21.
Table 9.9 Sources

FPC-423, Monthly Report of Cost and Quality of Fuels for
Electric Utility Plants.
October 1977December 1977: Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission, Form FERC-423, Monthly Report of Cost
and Quality of Fuels for Electric Utility Plants.
1978 and 1979: U.S. Energy Information Administration
(EIA), Form FERC-423, Monthly Report of Cost and
Quality of Fuels for Electric Utility Plants.
19801989: EIA, Electric Power Monthly, May issues.
19902000: EIA, Electric Power Monthly, March 2003,
Table 26.
20012007: EIA, Electric Power Monthly, October 2008,
Table 4.1; Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Form
FERC-423, Monthly Report of Cost and Quality of Fuels
for Electric Utility Plants; and EIA, Form EIA-423,
Monthly Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Plants
Report.
2012, Table 4.1; and Form EIA-923, Power Plant Operations Report.
Table 9.10 Sources

All Prices Except Vehicle Fuel and Electric Power
Natural Gas Annual (NGA), annual reports and unpublished
revisions.
2007 forward: EIA, Natural Gas Monthly (NGM), December 2012, Table 3.
134
Percentage of Residential Sector

19892011: EIA, Form EIA-176, Annual Report of Natural and Supplemental Gas Supply and Disposition.
2012: EIA, Form EIA-857, Monthly Report of Natural
Gas Purchases and Deliveries to Consumers.
Percentage of Commercial Sector
19872006: EIA, NGA, annual reports. Calculated as the
total amount of natural gas delivered to commercial
consumers minus the amount delivered for the account of
others, and then divided by the total amount delivered to
commercial consumers.
2007 forward: EIA, NGM, December 2012, Table 3.
Percentage of Industrial Sector
19822006: EIA, NGA, annual reports. Calculated as the
total amount of natural gas delivered to industrial consumers
minus the amount delivered for the account of others, and then
divided by the total amount delivered to industrial consumers.
2007 forward: EIA, NGM, December 2012, Table 3.
Percentage of Electric Power Sector
19732001: Calculated by EIA as the quantity of natural
gas receipts by electric utilities reported on Form FERC-423,
"Monthly Report of Cost and Quantity of Fuels for Electric
Utility Plants" (and predecessor forms) divided by the quantity
of natural gas consumed by the electric power sector (for 1973
1988, see Monthly Energy Review (MER), Table 7.3b; for
1989 2001, see MER, Table 7.4b).
20022007: Calculated by EIA as the quantity of natural
gas receipts by electric utilities and independent power
producers reported on Form FERC-423, "Monthly Report
of Cost and Quantity of Fuels for Electric Utility Plants,"
and EIA-423, Monthly Cost and Quality of Fuels for
Electric Plants Report, divided by the quantity of natural
gas consumed by the electric power sector (see MER,
Table 7.4b).
2008 forward: Calculated by EIA as the quantity of natural
gas receipts by electric utilities and independent power
producers reported on Form EIA-923, Power Plant
Operations Report, divided by the quantity of natural gas
consumed by the electric power sector (see MER, Table
7.4b).
10. Renewable
Energy
Figure 10.1 Renewable Energy Consumption

(Quadrillion Btu)
Total and Major Sources, 1973-2011
10
8
Total
6
Biomassa
4
2
Hydroelectric Powerb
Otherc
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
By Source, 2011
1995
2000
2005
2010
By Sector, 2011
6
4.9
3.1
4
2.0
1.9
3
2.3
1.2
1
0.2
0
Hydro- Wood
electric
Powerb
Biofuelsa
Wind
Waste
Geo- Solar/
thermala PVa
Fossil Fuels
80
Residential Commercial
Industrial Transportation Electric

Power
Compared With Other Resources, 2011
80
79.9
60
60
40
40
20
Renewable Energy
Nuclear
Electric
Power
20
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
See Table 10.1 for definition.

Conventional hydroelectric power.
c
Geothermal, solar/PV, and wind.
9.1
8.3
Renewable
Nuclear
Energy
Electric
Power
0
Fossil
136
0.1
100
100
0.6
0.2
Compared With Other Resources, 1973-2011
1.2
0.5
Fuels
Web Page: http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#renewable.

Sources: Tables 1.3 and 10.110.2c.
Table 10.1 Renewable Energy Production and Consumption by Source

(Trillion Btu)
Productiona
Biomass
Consumption
Biofuelsb
Totalc
Total
Renewable
Energyd
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
NA
NA
NA
93
111
198
141
186
202
211
233
254
308
402
487
564
720
978
1,387
1,584
1,529
1,499
2,475
3,016
2,735
3,099
3,155
3,108
2,929
2,965
3,006
2,624
2,705
2,805
2,998
3,104
3,216
3,461
3,864
3,928
4,411
4,687
5,428
6,084
6,041
6,558
7,012
7,018
6,494
6,517
6,104
5,164
5,734
5,947
6,069
6,229
6,599
6,509
7,202
7,616
2,861
3,155
2,900
2,970
3,046
3,205
3,590
3,640
3,297
3,268
2,811
2,242
2,689
2,793
2,688
2,703
2,869
2,446
2,511
2,669
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
152
142
158
152
157
152
158
160
156
163
164
168
1,884
359
332
366
351
358
355
367
371
360
369
369
383
4,341
672
610
682
661
717
753
701
662
626
646
682
726
8,136
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
169
151
171
163
170
168
171
174
166
176
178
186
2,044
385
346
380
359
369
375
384
387
372
382
386
405
4,527
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
177
164
172
164
173
165
157
163
152
156
1,641

1,680
1,551
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Biomass
Hydroelectric
Powere
Geothermalf
Biofuelsk
Total
Total
Renewable
Energy
2
2
2
236
408
531
577
551
542
540
511
364
402
401
389
403
397
413
436
453
NA
NA
NA
93
111
200
143
184
201
209
236
253
303
404
499
577
771
991
1,372
1,568
1,529
1,499
2,475
3,016
2,735
3,101
3,157
3,105
2,927
2,963
3,008
2,622
2,701
2,807
3,010
3,117
3,267
3,474
3,849
3,912
4,411
4,687
5,428
6,084
6,041
6,560
7,014
7,016
6,493
6,516
6,106
5,163
5,729
5,948
6,081
6,242
6,649
6,523
7,186
7,600
168
154
168
160
162
164
170
171
166
166
165
174
1,988
39
35
40
39
39
39
40
40
38
39
40
41
469
142
136
149
149
155
155
158
159
153
160
157
163
1,837
349
326
357
348
356
357
368
370
357
366
363
377
4,294
662
605
673
657
715
755
701
660
622
643
676
720
8,090
83
102
102
121
114
107
73
73
67
102
121
104
1,168
177
158
170
160
161
168
172
173
167
166
167
177
2,014
39
36
39
36
38
39
40
40
38
40
41
42
469
153
145
160
154
164
168
162
174
160
167
167
176
1,948
369
339
369
349
363
374
374
386
365
373
375
395
4,432
731
703
805
804
826
824
782
741
670
699
727
760
9,073
15
15
17
17
19
19
19
19
18
19
178
134
108
135
124
122
116
85
81
84
122
1,112
174
162
162
155
166
164
171
169
164
164
1,650
39
36
40
38
40
39
40
39
38
40
388
154
152
163
160
172
164
158
168
150
161
1,603
367
351
365
353
378
366
369
375
352
364
3,641
763
690
786
767
816
779
753
719
644
681
7,396
132
106
943
740
1,671
1,649
386
388
1,605
1,517
3,662
3,554
7,586
6,694
Solar/
PVg
Windh
Woodi
20
34
53
97
171
152
163
167
168
171
164
164
171
173
178
181
181
186
192
200
NA
NA
NA
(s)
59
69
70
70
69
68
66
64
63
62
63
63
68
76
89
98
NA
NA
NA
(s)
29
33
33
34
31
46
57
70
105
113
142
178
264
341
546
721
1,527
1,497
2,474
2,687
2,216
2,370
2,437
2,371
2,184
2,214
2,262
2,006
1,995
2,002
2,121
2,137
2,099
2,070
2,040
1,891
218
201
204
186
245
291
239
196
168
173
191
226
2,539
18
16
18
17
18
17
17
18
17
17
17
18
208
10
9
10
10
11
11
11
11
11
10
10
10
126
67
53
84
95
85
79
66
65
69
77
95
88
923
747
710
816
813
832
824
792
742
677
708
738
770
9,169
248
234
303
303
317
312
304
250
208
192
201
231
3,103
19
17
18
17
18
17
18
18
17
18
18
18
213
12
12
13
13
14
14
14
14
13
13
13
13
158
390
362
373
356
378
368
368
370
353
359
3,679
785
701
795
770
816
780
751
713
645
676
7,434
227
198
250
254
277
259
260
225
171
157
2,278
19
18
19
18
19
19
19
19
19
19
188
3,737
3,588
7,661
6,728
2,671
2,122
177
173
a Production equals consumption for all renewable energy sources except

biofuels.
b Total biomass inputs to the production of fuel ethanol and biodiesel.
c Wood and wood-derived fuels, biomass waste, and total biomass inputs to the
production of fuel ethanol and biodiesel.
d Hydroelectric power, geothermal, solar thermal/photovoltaic, wind, and
biomass.
e Conventional hydroelectricity net generation (converted to Btu using the
fossil-fuels heat ratesee Table A6).
f Geothermal electricity net generation (converted to Btu using the fossil-fuels
heat ratesee Table A6), and geothermal heat pump and direct use energy.
g Solar thermal and photovoltaic (PV) electricity net generation (converted to Btu
using the fossil-fuels heat ratesee Table A6), and solar thermal direct use energy.
h Wind electricity net generation (converted to Btu using the fossil-fuels heat
ratesee Table A6).
i Wood and wood-derived fuels.
Wastej
j Municipal solid waste from biogenic sources, landfill gas, sludge waste,
k Fuel ethanol (minus denaturant) and biodiesel consumption, plus losses and
co-products from the production of fuel ethanol and biodiesel.
Notes: Most data for the residential, commercial, industrial, and transportation
sectors are estimates. See notes and sources for Tables 10.2a and 10.2b. See
Note, "Renewable Energy Production and Consumption," at end of section.
Web Page: See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#renewable for all
Sources: Tables 10.2a10.4.
137
Table 10.2a Renewable Energy Consumption: Residential and Commercial Sectors

(Trillion Btu)
Commercial Sectora
Residential Sector
Biomass
Geothermalb
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Solar/
PVc
Biomass
Woodd
Total
Hydroelectric
Powere
Geothermalb
Solar/
PVf
Windg
Woodd
Wasteh
Fuel
Ethanoli
Total
Total
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
NA
NA
NA
NA
6
7
7
8
8
9
9
9
10
13
14
16
18
22
26
33
NA
NA
NA
NA
56
64
65
64
64
63
61
59
57
57
57
58
63
70
80
89
354
425
850
1,010
580
520
540
430
380
390
420
370
380
400
410
430
380
410
450
430
354
425
850
1,010
641
591
612
502
452
461
489
438
448
470
481
504
462
502
557
552
NA
NA
NA
NA
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
(s)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
NA
NA
NA
NA
3
5
5
6
7
7
8
8
9
11
12
14
14
14
15
17
NA
NA
NA
NA
(s)
(s)
NA
NA
NA
NA
(s)
7
8
21
24
66
72
76
73
64
67
71
67
69
71
70
70
65
70
73
72
NA
NA
NA
NA
28
40
53
58
54
54
47
25
26
29
34
34
36
31
34
36
NA
NA
NA
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
7
8
21
24
94
113
129
131
118
121
119
92
95
101
105
105
103
103
109
112
7
8
21
24
98
118
135
138
127
129
128
101
104
113
118
120
118
118
125
129
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
37
10
9
10
9
10
9
10
10
9
10
9
10
114
36
32
36
35
36
35
36
36
35
36
35
36
420
48
44
48
47
48
47
48
48
47
48
47
48
571
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
19
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
6
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
72
3
3
3
3
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
36
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
3
9
8
9
9
10
9
9
10
9
9
9
9
111
11
10
11
11
12
11
11
11
11
11
10
11
130
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
40
12
11
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
140
37
33
37
35
37
35
37
37
35
37
35
37
430
52
47
52
50
52
50
52
52
50
52
50
52
610
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
20
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
6
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
71
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
43
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
3
10
9
10
9
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
117
11
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
11
12
12
12
138
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
33
14
13
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
141
36
34
36
35
36
35
36
36
35
36
358
54
51
54
52
54
52
54
54
52
54
533
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
16
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
59
4
4
4
3
4
3
4
3
3
4
36
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
3
10
10
10
10
10
9
10
10
10
10
98
12
11
12
11
12
11
12
12
11
12
116

33
31
117
95
358
350
508
475
(s)
1
16
15
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
59
60
35
31
3
3
97
93
115
109
a Commercial sector, including commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP)

and commercial electricity-only plants. See Note, "Classification of Power Plants
Into Energy-Use Sectors," at end of Section 7.
b Geothermal heat pump and direct use energy.
c Solar thermal direct use energy, and photovoltaic (PV) electricity net
generation (converted to Btu using the fossil-fuels heat ratesee Table A6).
Includes distributed solar thermal and PV energy used in the commercial, industrial,
and electric power sectors.
d Wood and wood-derived fuels.
e Conventional hydroelectricity net generation (converted to Btu using the
f Photovoltaic (PV) electricity net generation (converted to Btu using the
fossil-fuels heat ratesee Table A6) at commercial plants with capacity of 1
megawatt or greater.
g Wind electricity net generation (converted to Btu using the fossil-fuels heat
138
ratesee Table A6).

i The fuel ethanol (minus denaturant) portion of motor fuels, such as E10,
consumed by the commercial sector.
NA=Not available. =No data reported. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu.
Notes:
Data are estimates, except for commercial sector solar/PV,
hydroelectric power, wind, and waste. Totals may not equal sum of components
due to independent rounding. Geographic coverage is the 50 States and the
Table 10.2b Renewable Energy Consumption: Industrial and Transportation Sectors

(Trillion Btu)
Industrial Sectora
Biomass
Hydroelectric
Powerb
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Geothermalc
Solar/
PVd
Winde
Woodf
Wasteg
Biomass
Losses
and CoFuel
Ethanolh productsi
Total
Total
Fuel
Ethanolj
Biodiesel
Total
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
35
32
33
33
31
55
61
58
55
49
42
33
39
43
33
32
29
16
17
18
NA
NA
NA
NA
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
5
5
3
4
4
4
5
5
4
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1,165
1,063
1,600
1,645
1,442
1,652
1,683
1,731
1,603
1,620
1,636
1,443
1,396
1,363
1,476
1,452
1,472
1,405
1,340
1,208
NA
NA
NA
230
192
195
224
184
180
171
145
129
146
142
132
148
130
144
144
155
NA
NA
NA
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
4
6
7
10
10
12
13
NA
NA
NA
42
49
86
61
80
86
90
99
108
130
169
203
230
285
377
532
617
1,165
1,063
1,600
1,918
1,684
1,934
1,969
1,996
1,872
1,882
1,881
1,681
1,676
1,679
1,817
1,837
1,897
1,936
2,028
1,994
1,200
1,096
1,633
1,951
1,717
1,992
2,033
2,057
1,929
1,934
1,928
1,719
1,720
1,725
1,853
1,873
1,930
1,956
2,049
2,016
NA
NA
NA
50
60
112
81
102
113
118
135
141
168
228
286
327
442
557
786
894
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1
2
2
3
12
33
46
40
42
NA
NA
NA
50
60
112
81
102
113
118
135
142
170
230
290
339
475
602
826
935
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
16
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
4
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
109
100
110
105
106
107
111
111
110
110
108
114
1,301
15
13
15
15
14
13
14
14
13
15
15
15
169
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
1
2
17
60
56
62
60
62
60
62
63
61
64
65
67
742
185
170
188
181
183
182
188
190
185
190
190
198
2,230
187
172
190
183
185
183
190
191
187
192
191
199
2,250
81
76
83
84
89
90
91
91
86
91
88
92
1,040
(s)
3
2
4
3
2
3
3
4
3
3
3
34
81
79
85
87
92
93
94
94
90
94
91
94
1,074
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
17
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
4
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
117
104
112
106
105
111
113
113
111
109
112
118
1,332
15
14
15
13
14
13
14
14
14
15
15
15
171
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
17
66
59
65
62
64
63
64
65
62
65
66
69
771
200
178
193
183
185
189
192
193
188
191
195
204
2,291
202
180
196
185
187
191
194
195
189
193
197
206
2,313
82
80
87
82
90
92
86
95
83
89
86
91
1,044
3
4
6
8
8
10
10
12
13
11
13
14
113
86
84
93
90
98
102
96
107
96
100
99
105
1,157
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
14
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
4
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
116
108
106
103
110
108
112
110
108
108
1,087
15
14
14
14
14
14
15
15
14
15
143
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
2
15
67
61
64
61
64
61
58
60
56
58
611
199
184
185
179
190
185
186
186
179
183
1,856
201
186
187
181
192
186
188
187
181
184
1,873
81
82
87
86
93
90
88
95
83
93
878
5
8
10
11
14
11
10
11
9
8
97
86
89
98
98
107
101
98
106
92
101
975

14
14
3
3
(s)
(s)
(s)
1,102
1,078
141
139
15
14
636
611
1,893
1,843
1,911
1,860
867
861
85
28
952
889
a Industrial sector, including industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and

industrial electricity-only plants. See Note, "Classification of Power Plants Into
Energy-Use Sectors," at end of Section 7.
b Conventional hydroelectricity net generation (converted to Btu using the
c Geothermal heat pump and direct use energy.
d Photovoltaic (PV) electricity net generation (converted to Btu using the
fossil-fuels heat ratesee Table A6) at industrial plants with capacity of 1
megawatt or greater.
e Wind electricity net generation (converted to Btu using the fossil-fuels heat
ratesee Table A6).
f Wood and wood-derived fuels.
g Municipal solid waste from biogenic sources, landfill gas, sludge waste,
h The fuel ethanol (minus denaturant) portion of motor fuels, such as E10,
consumed by the industrial sector.
i Losses and co-products from the production of fuel ethanol and biodiesel.
Does not include natural gas, electricity, and other non-biomass energy used in the
production of fuel ethanol and biodieselthese are included in the industrial sector
consumption statistics for the appropriate energy source.
j The fuel ethanol (minus denaturant) portion of motor fuels, such as E10 and
E85, consumed by the transportation sector.
NA=Not available. =No data reported. (s)=Less than 0.5 trillion Btu.
Notes: Data are estimates, except for industrial sector hydroelectric power in
1973-1978 and 1989 forward, solar/PV, and wind. Totals may not equal sum of
139
Table 10.2c Renewable Energy Consumption: Electric Power Sector

(Trillion Btu)
Hydroelectric
Powera
Biomass
Geothermalb
Solar/PVc
Windd
Woode
Wastef
Total
Total
1973 Total ....................

1975 Total ....................
1980 Total ....................
1985 Total ....................
1990 Totalg ..................
1995 Total ....................
1996 Total ....................
1997 Total ....................
1998 Total ....................
1999 Total ....................
2000 Total ....................
2001 Total ....................
2002 Total ....................
2003 Total ....................
2004 Total ....................
2005 Total ....................
2006 Total ....................
2007 Total ....................
2008 Total ....................
2009 Total ....................
2,827
3,122
2,867
2,937
3,014
3,149
3,528
3,581
3,241
3,218
2,768
2,209
2,650
2,749
2,655
2,670
2,839
2,430
2,494
2,650
20
34
53
97
161
138
148
150
151
152
144
142
147
146
148
147
145
145
146
146
NA
NA
NA
(s)
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
6
6
5
6
6
5
6
9
9
NA
NA
NA
(s)
29
33
33
34
31
46
57
70
105
113
142
178
264
341
546
721
1
(s)
3
8
129
125
138
137
137
138
134
126
150
167
165
185
182
186
177
180
2
2
2
7
188
296
300
309
308
315
318
211
230
230
223
221
231
237
258
261
3
2
4
14
317
422
438
446
444
453
453
337
380
397
388
406
412
423
435
441
2,851
3,158
2,925
3,049
3,524
3,747
4,153
4,216
3,872
3,874
3,427
2,763
3,288
3,411
3,339
3,406
3,665
3,345
3,630
3,967
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
217
199
202
184
243
290
238
195
168
171
190
225
2,521
13
11
13
12
13
12
12
13
12
12
12
13
148
(s)
(s)
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
(s)
12
67
53
84
95
85
79
66
65
69
77
95
88
923
17
16
16
15
14
16
17
18
16
15
16
17
196
21
20
22
21
22
23
23
23
22
22
23
23
264
39
36
39
36
36
39
40
41
38
37
39
41
459
335
300
338
329
378
421
358
315
288
298
337
367
4,064
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
247
233
301
301
315
311
303
249
207
191
199
229
3,085
13
12
13
12
13
12
12
12
12
12
12
13
149
(s)
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
17
83
102
102
121
114
107
73
73
67
102
121
103
1,167
17
16
15
12
13
16
17
17
15
14
14
16
182
21
19
21
20
21
22
22
22
21
22
22
23
255
37
35
36
32
34
37
39
39
37
36
36
39
437
381
382
453
467
477
469
429
376
323
343
369
386
4,855
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
225
196
249
252
276
257
259
224
170
156
2,264
14
13
14
13
14
13
14
13
13
14
135
1
1
2
3
5
5
5
4
4
4
35
134
108
135
124
122
116
85
80
84
122
1,111
16
15
14
11
13
15
16
16
15
14
145
21
19
21
20
22
21
22
21
20
21
209
37
34
35
31
35
36
38
38
36
35
354
410
353
435
424
451
428
401
360
307
330
3,900

2,657
2,107
124
123
15
11
943
740
152
162
210
218
362
380
4,100
3,361
a Conventional hydroelectricity net generation (converted to Btu using the

b Geothermal electricity net generation (converted to Btu using the fossil-fuels
heat ratesee Table A6).
c Solar thermal and photovoltaic (PV) electricity net generation (converted to Btu
using the fossil-fuels heat ratesee Table A6).
d Wind electricity net generation (converted to Btu using the fossil-fuels heat
ratesee Table A6).
e Wood and wood-derived fuels.
140
g Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only. Beginning in 1989, data are
Notes:

Sources: Biomass: Table 7.4b. All Other Data: Tables 7.2b and A6.
Table 10.3 Fuel Ethanol Overview

Traded
1981 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Feedstocka
Losses
and Coproductsb
Denaturantc
TBtu
TBtu
Mbbl
Net
Stock
Importse Stocksd,f Changed,g
Productiond
Mbbl
MMgal
TBtu
Mbbl
Mbbl
Mbbl
Consumption
Minus
Denaturanth
Consumptiond
Mbbl
MMgal
TBtu
TBtu
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
13
93
111
198
141
186
202
211
233
253
307
400
484
552
688
914
1,300
1,517
6
42
49
86
61
80
86
90
99
108
130
169
203
230
285
376
531
616
40
294
356
647
464
613
669
698
773
841
1,019
1,335
1,621
1,859
2,326
3,105
4,433
5,688
1,978
14,693
17,802
32,325
23,178
30,674
33,453
34,881
38,627
42,028
50,956
66,772
81,058
92,961
116,294
155,263
221,637
260,424
83
617
748
1,358
973
1,288
1,405
1,465
1,622
1,765
2,140
2,804
3,404
3,904
4,884
6,521
9,309
10,938
7
52
63
115
83
109
119
124
138
150
182
238
289
331
414
553
790
928
NA
NA
NA
387
313
85
66
87
116
315
306
292
3,542
3,234
17,408
10,457
12,610
4,720
NA
NA
NA
2,186
2,065
2,925
3,406
4,024
3,400
4,298
6,200
5,978
6,002
5,563
8,760
10,535
14,226
16,594
NA
NA
NA
-207
-121
860
481
618
-624
898
1,902
-222
24
-439
3,197
1,775
3,691
2,368
1,978
14,693
17,802
32,919
23,612
29,899
33,038
34,350
39,367
41,445
49,360
67,286
84,576
96,634
130,505
163,945
230,556
262,776
83
617
748
1,383
992
1,256
1,388
1,443
1,653
1,741
2,073
2,826
3,552
4,059
5,481
6,886
9,683
11,037
7
52
63
117
84
107
118
122
140
148
176
240
301
344
465
584
821
936
7
51
62
114
82
104
115
119
137
144
171
233
293
335
453
569
800
910
2010 January ..............

February ............
March .................
April ...................
May ....................
June ...................
July ....................
August ...............
September .........
October ..............
November ..........
December ..........
Total ..................
149
138
154
147
152
149
154
157
152
160
161
165
1,839
60
56
62
59
61
60
62
63
61
64
65
67
742
541
496
537
522
534
522
543
538
533
563
585
592
6,506
25,625
23,802
26,486
25,384
26,244
25,632
26,584
26,964
26,221
27,471
27,747
28,457
316,617
1,076
1,000
1,112
1,066
1,102
1,077
1,117
1,132
1,101
1,154
1,165
1,195
13,298
91
85
94
90
93
91
95
96
93
98
99
101
1,127
-234
-482
-1,104
-927
-368
-341
-578
-695
-924
-830
-923
-1,711
-9,115
18,251
19,297
20,222
20,042
19,851
18,565
17,809
17,380
17,437
17,278
18,150
17,941
17,941
1,657
1,046
925
-180
-191
-1,286
-756
-429
57
-159
872
-209
1,347
23,734
22,274
24,457
24,637
26,067
26,577
26,762
26,698
25,240
26,800
25,952
26,955
306,155
997
936
1,027
1,035
1,095
1,116
1,124
1,121
1,060
1,126
1,090
1,132
12,858
85
79
87
88
93
95
95
95
90
95
92
96
1,090
82
77
85
85
90
92
93
93
88
93
90
93
1,061
2011 January ..............

February ............
March .................
April ...................
May ....................
June ...................
July ....................
August ...............
September .........
October ..............
November ..........
December ..........
Total ..................
165
146
163
154
160
158
159
162
154
162
164
172
1,919
66
59
65
62
64
63
64
65
62
65
66
69
769
581
535
548
508
550
540
555
575
525
557
573
602
6,649
28,467
25,300
28,178
26,538
27,720
27,224
27,541
27,976
26,588
28,013
28,383
29,718
331,646
1,196
1,063
1,183
1,115
1,164
1,143
1,157
1,175
1,117
1,177
1,192
1,248
13,929
101
90
100
94
99
97
98
100
95
100
101
106
1,181
-1,359
-1,425
-2,003
-2,865
-1,743
-1,533
-2,731
-665
-1,745
-2,388
-2,911
-2,997
-24,365
20,826
21,016
21,593
21,065
20,609
19,217
18,788
18,123
18,465
18,038
18,308
18,238
18,238
2,885
190
577
-528
-456
-1,392
-429
-665
342
-427
270
-70
297
24,223
23,685
25,598
24,201
26,433
27,083
25,239
27,976
24,501
26,052
25,202
26,791
306,984
1,017
995
1,075
1,016
1,110
1,137
1,060
1,175
1,029
1,094
1,058
1,125
12,893
86
84
91
86
94
96
90
100
87
93
90
95
1,093
84
82
89
84
92
94
88
97
85
90
87
93
1,065
2012 January ..............

February ............
March .................
April ...................
May ....................
June ...................
July ....................
August ...............
September .........
October ..............
10-Month Total
167
154
160
152
160
154
146
151
141
146
1,531
67
61
64
61
64
61
58
60
56
58
609
583
528
522
494
520
503
504
526
497
528
5,205
29,063
26,653
27,706
26,368
27,718
26,611
25,329
26,194
24,511
25,352
265,505
1,221
1,119
1,164
1,107
1,164
1,118
1,064
1,100
1,029
1,065
11,151
103
95
99
94
99
95
90
93
87
90
945
-1,789
-1,785
-1,626
-1,549
-1,013
-613
-502
654
694
609
-6,920
21,753
22,572
22,952
22,370
21,851
21,456
20,373
19,369
20,044
18,762
18,762
i 3,492
819
380
-582
-519
-395
-1,083
-1,004
675
-1,282
501
23,782
24,049
25,700
25,401
27,224
26,393
25,910
27,852
24,530
27,243
258,084
999
1,010
1,079
1,067
1,143
1,109
1,088
1,170
1,030
1,144
10,840
85
86
91
90
97
94
92
99
87
97
919
82
83
89
88
95
92
90
97
85
94
895
2011 10-Month Total

2010 10-Month Total
1,583
1,513
634
610
5,474
5,329
273,545
260,413
11,489
10,937
974
927
-18,457
-6,481
18,038
17,278
97
684
254,991
253,248
10,710
10,636
908
902
884
878
a Total corn and other biomass inputs to the production of undenatured ethanol
used for fuel ethanol.
b Losses and co-products from the production of fuel ethanol. Does not include
natural gas, electricity, and other non-biomass energy used in the production of fuel
ethanolthese are included in the industrial sector consumption statistics for the
appropriate energy source.
c The amount of denaturant in fuel ethanol produced.
d Includes denaturant.
e Through 2009, data are for fuel ethanol imports only; data for fuel ethanol
exports are not available. Beginning in 2010, data are for fuel ethanol imports
minus fuel ethanol exports.
f Stocks are at end of period.
g A negative value indicates a decrease in stocks and a positive value indicates
an increase.
h Consumption of fuel ethanol minus denaturant. Data for fuel ethanol minus
denaturant are used to develop data for "Renewable Energy/Biomass" in Tables
10.110.2b, as well as in Sections 1 and 2.
i Derived from the preliminary 2011 stocks value (18,261 thousand barrels), not
the final 2011 value (18,238 thousand barrels) that is shown under "Stocks."
NA=Not available.
Notes: Mbbl = thousand barrels. MMgal = million U.S. gallons. TBtu = trillion
Btu. Fuel ethanol data in thousand barrels are converted to million gallons by
multiplying by 0.042, and are converted to Btu by multiplying by the approximate
heat content of fuel ethanolsee Table A3. Through 1980, data are not
available. For 1981-1992, data are estimates. For 1993-2008, only data for
feedstock, losses and co-products, and denaturant are estimates.
Beginning in 2009, only data for feedstock, and losses and co-products, are
estimates. See "Denaturant," "Ethanol," "Fuel Ethanol," and "Fuel Ethanol Minus
Denaturant" in Glossary. Totals may not equal sum of components due to
Columbia.
141
Table 10.4
Biodiesel Overview
Trade
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Feedstocka
Losses
and Coproductsb
TBtu
TBtu
Production
Mbbl
MMgal
TBtu
Net
Stock
Importsc Stocksd Changee
Imports
Exports
Mbbl
Mbbl
Mbbl
Mbbl
Mbbl
Balancing
Itemf
Mbbl
Consumption
Mbbl
MMgal
TBtu
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
1
1
2
4
12
32
63
88
67
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
1
1
204
250
338
666
2,162
5,963
11,662
16,145
12,281
9
10
14
28
91
250
490
678
516
1
1
2
4
12
32
62
87
66
78
191
94
97
207
1,069
3,342
7,502
1,844
39
56
110
124
206
828
6,477
16,128
6,332
39
135
-16
-26
1
242
-3,135
-8,626
-4,489
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
711
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
711
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
669
243
385
322
640
2,163
6,204
8,528
7,519
7,750
10
16
14
27
91
261
358
316
326
1
2
2
3
12
33
46
40
42
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
44
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
633
696
804
814
760
644
657
653
723
676
528
588
8,177
27
29
34
34
32
27
28
27
30
28
22
25
343
3
4
4
4
4
3
4
3
4
4
3
3
44
41
31
60
45
80
54
32
52
69
18
30
34
546
296
139
433
227
251
304
199
225
131
132
57
109
2,503
-256
-108
-374
-182
-171
-249
-167
-173
-62
-114
-27
-75
-1,958
1,049
1,039
1,057
1,009
1,016
968
830
771
682
650
676
672
672
338
-10
18
-48
7
-48
-138
-59
-89
-32
26
-4
-39
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
40
599
412
680
582
443
628
539
749
594
475
517
6,258
2
25
17
29
24
19
26
23
31
25
20
22
263
(s)
3
2
4
3
2
3
3
4
3
3
3
34
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
5
5
8
9
10
11
12
12
12
14
14
14
125
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2
842
961
1,419
1,692
1,838
1,938
2,183
2,273
2,284
2,508
2,494
2,604
23,035
35
40
60
71
77
81
92
95
96
105
105
109
967
5
5
8
9
10
10
12
12
12
13
13
14
123
49
37
53
52
48
48
62
65
65
82
66
234
861
217
88
197
222
192
117
142
71
193
132
131
39
1,740
-169
-51
-144
-169
-144
-69
-80
-7
-127
-49
-65
195
-879
1,016
1,217
1,381
1,408
1,576
1,524
1,748
1,834
1,617
1,965
1,877
2,012
2,012
g 39
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
634
709
1,111
1,495
1,526
1,922
1,879
2,181
2,373
2,111
2,517
2,664
21,122
27
30
47
63
64
81
79
92
100
89
106
112
887
3
4
6
8
8
10
10
12
13
11
13
14
113
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
9
10
12
12
13
12
11
12
11
10
111
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2
1,700
1,837
2,193
2,180
2,373
2,162
2,065
2,140
1,935
1,781
20,366
71
77
92
92
100
91
87
90
81
75
855
9
10
12
12
13
12
11
11
10
10
109
44
58
55
49
94
102
160
43
81
33
720
248
119
149
221
306
375
408
386
282
200
2,695
-204
-62
-93
-171
-212
-273
-248
-342
-202
-167
-1,974
2,527
2,869
3,053
2,932
2,514
2,363
2,253
2,003
2,060
2,183
2,183
h 625
342
184
-121
-418
-151
-110
-250
57
123
281
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
872
1,433
1,915
2,130
2,579
2,039
1,927
2,048
1,676
1,491
18,110
37
60
80
89
108
86
81
86
70
63
761
5
8
10
11
14
11
10
11
9
8
97

97
38
1
1
17,938
7,061
753
297
96
38
561
482
1,570
2,338
-1,009
-1,856
1,965
650
988
-61
0
0
15,941
5,266
670
221
85
28
a Total vegetable oil and other biomass inputs to the production of biodiesel.
b Losses and co-products from the production of biodiesel. Does not include
natural gas, electricity, and other non-biomass energy used in the production of
biodieselthese are included in the industrial sector consumption statistics for the
appropriate energy source.
c Net imports equal imports minus exports.
d Stocks are at end of period. Through 2010, includes stocks at bulk terminals
only. Beginning in 2011, includes stocks at bulk terminals and biodiesel production
plants.
e A negative value indicates a decrease in stocks and a positive value indicates
an increase.
f Beginning in 2009, because of incomplete data coverage and different data
sources, Balancing Item is used to balance biodiesel supply and disposition.
g Derived from the final 2010 stocks value for bulk terminals and biodiesel
production plants (977 thousand barrels), not the final 2010 value for bulk terminals
142
201
164
27
168
-53
224
86
-216
347
-88
135
g 1,035
only (672 thousand barrels) that is shown under Stocks.

h Derived from the preliminary 2011 stocks value (1,902 thousand barrels), not
the final 2011 value (2,012 thousand barrels) that is shown under Stocks.
Notes: Mbbl = thousand barrels. MMgal = million U.S. gallons. TBtu = trillion
Btu. Biodiesel data in thousand barrels are converted to million gallons by
multiplying by 0.042, and are converted to Btu by multiplying by 5.359 million Btu
per barrel (the approximate heat content of biodieselsee Table A3). Through
2000, data are not available. Beginning in 2001, data not from U.S. Energy
Information Administration (EIA) surveys are estimates. Totals may not equal
sum of components due to independent rounding. Geographic coverage is the
Renewable Energy
Note. Renewable Energy Production and Consumption. In Tables 1.1, 1.3, and 10.1, renewable energy
consumption consists of: conventional hydroelectricity net
generation (converted to Btu using the fossil-fuels heat
ratesee Table A6); geothermal electricity net generation
(converted to Btu using the fossil-fuels heat ratesee Table
A6), and geothermal heat pump and geothermal direct use
energy; solar thermal and photovoltaic electricity net
generation (converted to Btu using the fossil-fuels heat rate
see Table A6), and solar thermal direct use energy; wind
electricity net generation (converted to Btu using the fossilfuels heat ratesee Table A6); wood and wood-derived
fuels consumption; biomass waste (municipal solid waste
from biogenic sources, landfill gas, sludge waste, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass) consumption; fuel
ethanol (minus denaturant) and biodiesel consumption; and
losses and co-products from the production of fuel ethanol
and biodiesel. In Tables 1.1, 1.2, and 10.1, renewable
production is assumed to equal consumption for all renewable energy sources except biofuels (biofuels production
comprises biomass inputs to the production of fuel ethanol
and biodiesel).
Table 10.2a Sources

Residential Sector, Geothermal
1980 forward: EIA, Form EIA-457, Residential Energy

Consumption Survey; and EIA estimates based on Form
EIA-457 and regional heating degree-day data. Monthly
estimates are created by dividing the annual estimates by
the number of days in the year and then multiplying by
the number of days in the month. (The annual estimate for
the current year is set equal to that of the previous year.)
Commercial Sector, Hydroelectric Power

1989 forward: Commercial sector conventional hydroelectricity net generation data from EIA, Form EIA-923, Power
Plant Operations Report, and predecessor forms, are
converted to Btu by multiplying by the fossil-fuels heat
ratesee Table A6.
Commercial Sector, Geothermal

Oregon Institute of Technology, Geo-Heat Center.
Monthly estimates are created by dividing the annual
estimates by the number of days in the year and then
multiplying by the number of days in the month. (The
annual estimate for the current year is set equal to that of
the previous year.)
Commercial Sector, Solar/PV

2008 forward: Commercial sector solar thermal and photovoltaic (PV) electricity net generation data from EIA, Form
EIA-923, Power Plant Operations Report, are converted to
Btu by multiplying by the fossil-fuels heat ratesee Table
A6.
Oregon Institute of Technology, Geo-Heat Center. Monthly

estimates are created by dividing the annual estimates by the
number of days in the year and then multiplying by the
number of days in the month. (The annual estimate for the
current year is set equal to that of the previous year.)
Commercial Sector, Wind
Residential Sector, Solar/PV
Commercial Sector, Wood
19892009: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)

estimates based on Form EIA-63A, Annual Solar Thermal
Collector Manufacturers Survey, and Form EIA-63B,
Annual Photovoltaic Module/Cell Manufacturers Survey.
estimates by the number of days in the year and then multiplying by the number of days in the month.
2010 forward: EIA estimates based on Form EIA-63B,
Annual Photovoltaic Cell/Module Shipments Report; Form
EIA-63A, Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey (pre-2010 data); and SEIA/GTM Research, U.S.
Solar Market Insight: 2010 Year in Review. Monthly
estimates are created by dividing the annual estimates by the
number of days in the year and then multiplying by the
number of days in the month. (The annual estimate for 2012
is derived using the average annual growth rate for
20092011.)
Residential Sector, Wood

19731979:
EIA, Estimates of U.S. Wood Energy
Consumption from 1949 to 1981, Table A2.
2009 forward: Commercial sector wind electricity net

generation data from EIA, Form EIA-923, Power Plant
Operations Report, are converted to Btu by multiplying by
the fossil-fuels heat ratesee Table A6.
19731979:
19801983:
Consumption 1980-1983, Table ES1.
1984: EIA estimate based on the 1983 value.
19851988: Values interpolated.
1989 forward: EIA, Monthly Energy Review (MER), Tables
7.4a7.4c; and EIA estimates based on Form EIA-871,
Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.
Data for wood consumption at commercial combined-heatand-power (CHP) plants are calculated as total wood
consumption at electricity-only and CHP plants (MER,
Table 7.4a) minus wood consumption in the electric power
sector (MER, Table 7.4b) and at industrial CHP plants
(MER, Table 7.4c). Annual estimates for wood consumption at other commercial plants are based on Form EIA-871
(the annual estimate for the current year is set equal to that of
the previous year); monthly estimates are created by dividing
143
the annual estimates by the number of days in the year and

then multiplying by the number of days in the month.
Commercial Sector, Biomass Waste

EIA, MER, Table 7.4c.
Commercial Sector, Fuel Ethanol (Minus Denaturant)

EIA, MER, Tables 3.5, 3.7a, and 10.3. Calculated as
commercial sector motor gasoline consumption (Table 3.7a)
divided by total motor gasoline product supplied (Table
3.5), and then multiplied by fuel ethanol (minus denaturant)
1988: Value interpolated.

1989 forward: EIA, Monthly Energy Review (MER), Table
7.4c; and EIA estimates based on Form EIA-846,
Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey. Data for
wood consumption at industrial combined-heat-and-power
(CHP) plants are from MER, Table 7.4c. Annual estimates
for wood consumption at other industrial plants are based on
Form EIA-846 (the annual estimate for the current year is
set equal to that of the previous year); monthly estimates are
created by dividing the annual estimates by the number of
days in the year and then multiplying by the number of days
in the month.
Industrial Sector, Biomass Waste
Table 10.2b Sources

Industrial Sector, Hydroelectric Power
Industrial sector conventional hydroelectricity net generation data from Table 7.2c are converted to Btu by multiplying by the fossil-fuels heat ratesee Table A6.
Industrial Sector, Geothermal

Oregon Institute of Technology, Geo-Heat Center.
estimates by the number of days in the year and then multiplying by the number of days in the month. (The annual
estimate for the current year is set equal to that of the previous year.)
Industrial Sector, Solar/PV

2010 forward: Industrial sector solar thermal and photovoltaic (PV) electricity net generation data from the U.S.
Energy Information Administration (EIA), Form EIA-923,
"Power Plant Operations Report," are converted to Btu by
multiplying by the fossil-fuels heat ratesee Table A6.
Industrial Sector, Wind

2011 forward: Industrial sector wind electricity net generation data from EIA, Form EIA-923, "Power Plant Operations Report," are converted to Btu by multiplying by the
fossil-fuels heat ratesee Table A6.
1981: EIA, Estimates of U.S. Biofuels Consumption 1990,

Table 8; and EIA, MER, Table 10.2c. Estimates are calculated as total waste consumption minus electric power sector
waste consumption.
1982 and 1983: EIA estimates for total waste consumption
based on Estimates of U.S. Biofuels Consumption 1990,
waste consumption.
waste consumption.
1985 and 1986: Values interpolated.
waste consumption.
1988: Value interpolated.

Table 1.
1989 forward: EIA, MER, Table 7.4c; and EIA estimates

based on information presented in Government Advisory
Associates, Resource Recovery Yearbook and Methane
Recovery Yearbook, and information provided by the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Landfill Methane
Outreach Program. Data for waste consumption at industrial
CHP plants are from MER, Table 7.4c. Annual estimates for
waste consumption at other industrial plants are based on
the non-EIA sources listed above (the annual estimate for
the current year is set equal to that of the previous year);
monthly estimates are created by dividing the annual
estimates by the number of days in the year and then multiplying by the number of days in the month.
1985 and 1986: Values interpolated.
Industrial Sector, Fuel Ethanol (Minus Denaturant)
1987: EIA, Estimates of Biofuels Consumption in the United

States During 1987, Table 2.
EIA, MER, Tables 3.5, 3.7b, and 10.3. Calculated as industrial sector motor gasoline consumption (Table 3.7b)
Industrial Sector, Wood

19731979:
19801983:
Consumption 1980-1983, Table ES1.
144

Industrial Sector, Losses and Co-products

Calculated as fuel ethanol losses and co-products (Table
10.3) plus biodiesel losses and co-products (Table 10.4).
Transportation Sector, Fuel Ethanol (Minus

Denaturant)
EIA, MER, Tables 3.5, 3.7c, and 10.3. Calculated as transportation sector motor gasoline consumption (Table 3.7c)
Transportation Sector, Biodiesel

EIA, MER, Table 10.4. Transportation sector biodiesel
consumption is assumed to equal total biodiesel consumption.
Table 10.3 Sources

Feedstock
Calculated as fuel ethanol production (in thousand barrels)
minus denaturant, and then multiplied by the fuel ethanol
feedstock factorsee Table A3.
Losses and Co-products

Calculated as fuel ethanol feedstock plus denaturant minus
fuel ethanol production.
Denaturant
19812008:
Data in thousand barrels for petroleum
denaturant in fuel ethanol produced are estimated as 2
percent of fuel ethanol production; these data are converted
to Btu by multiplying by 4.645 million Btu per barrel (the
estimated quantity-weighted factor of pentanes plus and
conventional motor gasoline used as denaturant).
heat content of pentanes plus). Data in thousand barrels for

net production of conventional motor gasoline and motor
gasoline blending components at renewable fuels and
oxygenate plants are multiplied by -1; these data are
converted to Btu by multiplying by 5.253 million Btu per
barrel (the approximate heat content of conventional motor
gasoline). Total denaturant is the sum of the values for
pentanes plus, conventional motor gasoline, and motor
gasoline blending components.
Production
19811992: Fuel ethanol production is assumed to equal
fuel ethanol consumptionsee sources for "Consumption."
19932004: Calculated as fuel ethanol consumption plus
fuel ethanol stock change minus fuel ethanol net imports.
These data differ slightly from the original production data
from EIA, Form EIA-819, "Monthly Oxygenate Report,"
and predecessor form, which were not reconciled and
updated to be consistent with the final balance.
20052008:
Report."
EIA, Form EIA-819, "Monthly Oxygenate
20092011: EIA, PSA, annual reports, Table 1, data for net

production of fuel ethanol at renewable fuels and oxygenate
plants.
2012: EIA, PSM, monthly reports, Table 1, data for net
production of fuel ethanol at renewable fuels and oxygenate
plants.
Trade, Stocks, and Stock Change

19922011: EIA, PSA, annual reports, Table 1.
2012: EIA, PSM, monthly reports, Table 1.

Petroleum Supply Annual (PSA), annual reports, Table 1.
Data in thousand barrels for net production of pentanes plus
at renewable fuels and oxygenate plants are multiplied by
-1; these data are converted to Btu by multiplying by 4.620
million Btu per barrel (the approximate heat content of
pentanes plus). Data in thousand barrels for net production
of conventional motor gasoline and motor gasoline blending
components at renewable fuels and oxygenate plants are
multiplied by -1; these data are converted to Btu by multiplying by 5.253 million Btu per barrel (the approximate heat
content of conventional motor gasoline). Total denaturant is
the sum of the values for pentanes plus, conventional motor
gasoline, and motor gasoline blending components.
Consumption
2012: EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly (PSM), monthly

reports, Table 1. Data in thousand barrels for net production
of pentanes plus at renewable fuels and oxygenate plants are
multiplied by -1; these data are converted to Btu by multiplying by 4.620 million Btu per barrel (the approximate
20052008: EIA, PSA, annual reports, Tables 1 and 15.

Calculated as motor gasoline blending components adjustments
(Table 1), plus finished motor gasoline adjustments (Table 1),
plus fuel ethanol refinery and blender net inputs (Table 15).
19811989: EIA, Estimates of U.S. Biofuels Consumption

1990, Table 10; and interpolated values for 1982, 1983,
1985, 1986, and 1988.
19901992: EIA, Estimates of U.S. Biomass Energy
Consumption 1992, Table D2; and interpolated value for
1991.
19932004: EIA, PSA, annual reports, Tables 2 and 16.
Calculated as 10 percent of oxygenated finished motor
gasoline field production (Table 2), plus fuel ethanol refinery input (Table 16).
145
20092011: EIA, PSA, annual reports, Table 1. Calculated

as fuel ethanol refinery and blender net inputs minus fuel
ethanol adjustments.
2012: EIA, PSM, monthly reports, Table 1. Calculated as
fuel ethanol refinery and blender net inputs minus fuel
ethanol adjustments.
Consumption Minus Denaturant

Calculated as fuel ethanol consumption minus the amount of
denaturant in fuel ethanol consumed. Denaturant in fuel
ethanol consumed is estimated by multiplying denaturant in
fuel ethanol produced by the fuel ethanol consumption-toproduction ratio.
Table 10.4 Sources

Feedstock
Calculated as biodiesel production in thousand barrels
multiplied by 5.433 million Btu per barrel (the biodiesel
feedstock factorsee Table A3).
Losses and Co-products

Calculated as
production.
biodiesel
feedstock
minus
biodiesel
2009 forward: EIA, Monthly Biodiesel Production Report,

monthly reports, Table 1.
Trade
For imports, U.S. Department of Agriculture, data for the
following
Harmonized
Tariff
Schedule
codes:
3824.90.40.20, Fatty Esters Animal/Vegetable Mixture
(data through June 2010); 3824.90.40.30, Biodiesel/Mixes
(data for July 20102011); 3826.00.00.00, Biodiesel
B30-99 (data for 2012); and 3826.00.10.00, Biodiesel
B100 (data for 2012). For exports, U.S. Department of
Agriculture, data for the following Schedule B codes:
3824.90.40.00,
Fatty
Substances
Animal/
Vegetable/Mixture (data through 2010); 3824.90.40.30,
Biodiesel <70% (data for 2011); and 3826.00.00.00,
Biodiesel B=>30 (data for 2012). Although these
categories include products other than biodiesel (such as
biodiesel coprocessed with petroleum feedstocks; and
products destined for soaps, cosmetics, and other items),
biodiesel is the largest component. In the absence of other
reliable data for biodiesel trade, EIA sees these data as
good substitutes.
Stocks and Stock Change
Production
20012005: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Commodity
Credit Corporation, Bioenergy Program records. Annual
data are derived from quarterly data. Monthly data are
estimated by dividing the annual data by the number of days
in the year and then multiplying by the number of days in the
month.
2006: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census,
M311KFats and Oils: Production, Consumption, and
Stocks, data for soybean oil consumed in methyl esters
(biodiesel). In addition, the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) estimates that 14.4 million gallons of yellow
grease were consumed in methyl esters (biodiesel).
2007: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the
and
Oils:
Production,
Census,
M311KFats
Consumption, and Stocks, data for all fats and oils
consumed in methyl esters (biodiesel).
2008: EIA, Monthly Biodiesel Production Report, December 2009 (release date October 2010), Table 11. Monthly
data for 2008 are estimated based on U.S. Department of
146
Commerce, Bureau of the Census, M311K data, multiplied

by the EIA 2008 annual values share of the M311K 2008
annual value.
20092011: EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual (PSA), annual

reports, Table 1, data for renewable fuels except fuel
ethanol.
2012: EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly, monthly reports,
Table 1, data for renewable fuels except fuel ethanol.
Balancing Item
Calculated as biodiesel consumption and biodiesel stock
change minus biodiesel production and biodiesel net
imports.
Consumption
20012008: Calculated as biodiesel production plus biodiesel net imports.
January and February 2009: EIA, PSA, Table 1, data for
refinery and blender net inputs of renewable fuels except
fuel ethanol.
March 2009 forward: Calculated as biodiesel production
plus biodiesel net imports minus biodiesel stock change.
11. International
Petroleum
Figure 11.1a World Crude Oil Production Overview

World Production, 1973-2011
World Production, Monthly

80
80
World
World
60
60
Non-OPEC
Non-OPEC
40
40
OPEC
OPEC
Persian Gulf Nations
20
20
Persian Gulf Nations
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Selected Producers, 1973-2011
2010
2011
2012
Selected Producers, Monthly
12
12
Russia
Saudi
Arabia
9
Saudi Arabia
United
States
Russia
United States
China
Iran
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Notes: OPEC is the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting

Countries. The Persian Gulf Nations are Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait,
Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. Production from
the Neutral Zone between Kuwait and Saudi Arabia is included in Per-
148
Iran
China
2010
2011
2012
sian Gulf Nations.

Web Page: http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#international.
Figure 11.1b World Crude Oil Production by Selected Country

3.030
3.358
Selected Non-OPEC Countries
Canada
3.926
4.217
China
0.563
0.553
Egypt
2.598
2.581
Mexico
1.756
1.549
Norway
9.902
9.984
Russia
0.998
0.688
United Kingdom
5.885
United States
6.820
1.540
1.480
Algeria
1.790
1.790
Angola
0.502
0.503
Ecuador
4.000
Iran
3.000
2.725
3.075
Iraq
OPEC Countries
October 2011
October 2012
2.600
2.650
Kuwait
0.300
Libya
1.500
2.400
2.390
Nigeria
1.300
1.200
Qatar
9.540
9.840
Saudi Arabia
2.720
2.820
United Arab Emirates
2.240
2.240
Venezuela
10
12
Note: OPEC is the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting C ountries.

149
Table 11.1a World Crude Oil Production: OPEC Members

Iran
Iraq
Kuwaita
Libya
Nigeria
Qatar
Saudi
Arabiaa
United
Arab
Emirates
Venezuela
Total
OPECb
209
161
204
281
285
392
396
388
375
373
395
412
393
411
528
532
536
511
505
486
5,861
5,350
1,662
2,250
3,088
3,643
3,686
3,664
3,634
3,557
3,696
3,724
3,444
3,743
4,001
4,139
4,028
3,912
4,050
4,037
2,018
2,262
2,514
1,433
2,040
560
579
1,155
2,150
2,508
2,571
2,390
2,023
1,308
2,011
1,878
1,996
2,086
2,375
2,391
3,020
2,084
1,656
1,023
1,175
2,057
2,062
2,007
2,085
1,898
2,079
1,998
1,894
2,136
2,376
2,529
2,535
2,464
2,586
2,350
2,175
1,480
1,787
1,059
1,375
1,390
1,401
1,446
1,390
1,319
1,410
1,367
1,319
1,421
1,515
1,633
1,681
1,702
1,736
1,650
2,054
1,783
2,055
1,495
1,810
1,993
2,001
2,132
2,153
2,130
2,165
2,256
2,118
2,275
2,329
2,627
2,440
2,350
2,165
2,208
570
438
472
301
406
442
510
550
696
665
737
714
679
715
783
835
850
851
924
927
7,596
7,075
9,900
3,388
6,410
8,231
8,218
8,362
8,389
7,833
8,404
8,031
7,634
8,775
9,101
9,550
9,152
8,722
9,261
8,250
1,533
1,664
1,709
1,193
2,117
2,233
2,278
2,316
2,345
2,169
2,368
2,205
2,082
2,348
2,478
2,535
2,636
2,603
2,681
2,413
3,366
2,346
2,168
1,677
2,137
2,750
2,938
3,280
3,167
2,826
3,155
3,010
2,604
2,335
2,557
2,565
2,511
2,433
2,394
2,239
29,661
25,790
25,383
15,367
22,498
25,500
26,003
27,274
28,346
27,199
28,940
28,114
26,435
27,885
30,313
31,766
31,476
31,085
32,363
30,442
2,040
2,060
2,070
2,070
2,030
1,980
1,970
1,890
1,790
1,790
1,790
1,790
1,939
464
470
478
480
478
491
492
485
490
497
508
499
486
4,088
4,100
4,112
4,120
4,120
4,127
4,033
4,040
4,047
4,053
4,060
4,068
4,080
2,475
2,475
2,375
2,375
2,375
2,425
2,325
2,325
2,375
2,375
2,375
2,525
2,399
2,250
2,250
2,250
2,250
2,250
2,250
2,350
2,350
2,350
2,350
2,350
2,350
2,300
1,650
1,650
1,650
1,650
1,650
1,650
1,650
1,650
1,650
1,650
1,650
1,650
1,650
2,480
2,420
2,430
2,360
2,310
2,410
2,410
2,510
2,550
2,580
2,510
2,490
2,455
969
1,036
1,055
1,072
1,091
1,113
1,136
1,164
1,193
1,216
1,235
1,235
1,127
8,240
8,440
8,540
8,740
8,740
9,240
9,340
9,340
9,340
8,840
9,040
8,940
8,900
2,414
2,414
2,414
2,414
2,415
2,415
2,415
2,415
2,415
2,415
2,415
2,415
2,415
2,090
2,140
2,090
2,110
2,140
2,140
2,140
2,140
2,140
2,140
2,240
2,240
2,146
30,699
30,995
31,004
31,181
31,138
31,780
31,801
31,849
31,880
31,446
31,713
31,742
31,437
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,790
1,790
1,790
1,740
1,640
1,690
1,740
1,790
1,840
1,790
1,940
1,890
1,786
500
509
501
504
497
495
492
495
496
502
504
501
500
4,076
4,084
4,092
4,100
4,100
4,100
4,050
4,050
4,050
4,000
4,000
3,950
4,054
2,625
2,525
2,525
2,525
2,575
2,575
2,625
2,625
2,725
2,725
2,725
2,725
2,626
2,350
2,350
2,450
2,550
2,550
2,550
2,550
2,600
2,600
2,600
2,600
2,600
2,530
1,650
1,340
300
200
200
100
100
0
100
300
550
800
465
R 2,616
9,140
9,140
8,940
8,940
8,940
9,640
9,840
9,940
9,740
9,540
9,840
9,840
9,458
2,520
2,520
2,620
2,720
2,720
2,720
2,720
2,720
2,720
2,720
2,720
2,720
2,679
2,240
2,240
2,240
2,240
2,240
2,240
2,240
2,240
2,240
2,240
2,240
2,240
2,240
R 32,327
2,400
R 2,520
2,400
R 2,550
1,280
1,280
1,290
1,300
1,300
1,300
1,300
1,300
1,300
1,300
1,300
1,300
1,296
2012 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
1,550
1,550
1,550
1,550
1,550
1,550
1,550
1,550
1,550
1,480
1,543
1,890
1,940
1,790
1,890
1,840
1,790
1,740
1,840
1,740
1,790
1,824
504
503
499
500
498
502
508
512
506
503
504
3,850
3,800
3,750
3,600
3,525
3,350
3,200
3,100
3,150
3,000
3,431
2,675
2,575
2,725
2,965
2,925
2,975
3,075
3,175
3,275
3,075
2,945
2,650
2,650
2,650
2,650
2,650
2,650
2,650
2,650
2,650
2,650
2,650
1,000
1,200
1,350
1,400
1,400
1,400
1,400
1,450
1,500
1,500
1,360
2,520
2,580
2,520
2,640
2,580
2,580
2,580
2,640
2,490
2,390
2,552
1,300
1,300
1,200
1,190
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,219
9,840
10,040
10,040
9,940
9,740
10,040
10,040
10,040
9,840
9,840
9,939
2,720
2,720
2,820
2,820
2,820
2,820
2,820
2,820
2,820
2,820
2,800
2,240
2,240
2,240
2,240
2,240
2,240
2,240
2,240
2,240
2,240
2,240
32,739
33,098
33,134
33,385
32,968
33,097
33,003
33,217
32,961
32,488
33,007

1,540
1,540
1,760
1,968
499
483
4,070
4,084
2,606
2,389
2,516
2,290
423
1,650
2,569
2,446
1,295
1,105
9,382
8,882
2,671
2,415
2,240
2,127
31,570
31,379
Algeria
Angola
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
1,097
983
1,106
1,036
1,180
1,162
1,227
1,259
1,226
1,177
1,214
1,265
1,349
1,516
1,582
1,692
1,699
1,708
1,705
1,585
162
165
150
231
475
646
709
714
735
745
746
742
896
903
1,052
1,250
1,413
1,744
1,981
1,907
2010 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
1,540
2011 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
Ecuador
a Except for the period from August 1990 through May 1991, includes about
one-half of the production in the Kuwait-Saudi Arabia Neutral Zone. Kuwaiti
Neutral Zone output was discontinued following Iraqs invasion of Kuwait on
August 2, 1990, but was resumed in June 1991. In October 2012, Neutral Zone
production by both Kuwait and Saudi Arabia totaled about 600 thousand barrels
per day. Data for Saudi Arabia include approximately 150 thousand barrels per
day from the Abu Safah field produced on behalf of Bahrain.
b See Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in
Glossary. On Tables 11.1a and 11.1b, countries are classified as "OPEC" or
"Non-OPEC" in all years based on their status in the most current year. For
example, Ecuador rejoined OPEC in 2007, and is thus included in "Total OPEC"
150
R 2,604
R 2,460
R 2,520
R 2,604
R 2,604
R 2,604
R 2,640
R 2,640
R 31,922
R 30,748
R 30,879
R 30,906
R 31,554
R 31,801
R 31,940
R 31,991
31,657
R 32,479
32,506
R 31,724
for all years; and Indonesia left OPEC at the end of 2008, and is thus included in
"Total Non-OPEC" for all years.
R=Revised.
Notes: Data are for crude oil and lease condensate; they exclude natural
gas plant liquids. Monthly data are often preliminary figures and may not
average to the annual totals because of rounding or because updates to the
preliminary monthly data are not available.
Web Page: See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#international
for all available data beginning in 1973.
Table 11.1b World Crude Oil Production: Persian Gulf Nations, Non-OPEC,
and World (Thousand Barrels per Day)
Selected Non-OPECa Producers
Persian
Gulf
Nationsb
Canada
China
Egypt
Mexico
Norway
Former
U.S.S.R.
Russia
United
Kingdom
United
States
Total
NonOPECa
World
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
20,668
18,934
17,961
9,630
15,278
17,208
17,367
18,095
19,337
18,667
19,892
19,098
17,794
19,063
20,787
21,501
21,232
20,672
21,913
20,402
1,798
1,430
1,435
1,471
1,553
1,805
1,837
1,922
1,981
1,907
1,977
2,029
2,171
2,306
2,398
2,369
2,525
2,628
2,579
2,579
1,090
1,490
2,114
2,505
2,774
2,990
3,131
3,200
3,198
3,195
3,249
3,300
3,390
3,409
3,485
3,609
3,673
3,729
3,790
3,796
165
235
595
887
873
920
922
856
834
852
768
720
715
713
673
623
535
530
566
587
465
705
1,936
2,745
2,553
2,711
2,944
3,104
3,160
2,998
3,104
3,218
3,263
3,459
3,476
3,423
3,345
3,143
2,839
2,646
32
189
486
773
1,630
2,766
3,091
3,142
3,011
3,019
3,222
3,226
3,131
3,042
2,954
2,698
2,491
2,270
2,182
2,067
8,324
9,523
11,706
11,585
10,975
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
5,995
5,850
5,920
5,854
6,079
6,479
6,917
7,408
8,132
8,805
9,043
9,247
9,437
9,357
9,495
2
12
1,622
2,530
1,820
2,489
2,568
2,518
2,616
2,684
2,275
2,282
2,292
2,093
1,845
1,649
1,490
1,498
1,391
1,328
9,208
8,375
8,597
8,971
7,355
6,560
6,465
6,452
6,252
5,881
5,822
5,801
5,744
5,644
5,435
5,186
5,089
5,077
5,000
5,353
26,018
27,039
34,175
38,598
37,999
36,934
37,815
38,532
38,685
38,768
39,583
40,003
40,825
41,478
42,149
41,878
41,793
41,730
41,265
R 41,780
55,679
52,828
59,558
53,965
60,497
62,434
63,818
65,806
67,032
65,967
68,522
68,116
67,260
69,363
72,462
73,644
73,269
72,815
73,628
R 72,222
2010 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
20,471
20,750
20,781
21,007
21,025
21,604
21,634
21,669
21,755
21,284
21,510
21,568
21,257
2,499
2,714
2,621
2,693
2,742
2,770
2,762
2,779
2,646
2,688
2,937
2,929
2,732
3,971
3,940
3,973
3,953
4,049
4,105
4,060
4,104
4,187
4,186
4,281
4,126
4,078
579
578
577
576
576
575
575
574
574
573
573
572
575
2,660
2,655
2,641
2,639
2,639
2,592
2,618
2,604
2,615
2,615
2,556
2,620
2,621
2,060
2,038
1,983
1,967
1,921
1,611
1,864
1,648
1,637
1,952
1,868
1,886
1,869
9,615
9,648
9,683
9,646
9,691
9,727
9,710
9,623
9,725
9,816
9,723
9,719
9,694
1,379
1,274
1,429
1,378
1,297
1,076
1,055
1,070
1,194
1,195
1,248
1,207
1,233
5,399
5,546
5,513
5,377
5,398
5,384
5,313
5,445
5,608
5,596
5,558
5,614
5,479
R 42,164
R 72,863
R 42,565
R 73,559
R 42,763
R 73,767
R 42,559
R 73,740
R 42,631
R 73,769
R 42,095
R 73,875
R 42,341
R 74,142
R 42,217
R 74,065
R 42,491
R 74,371
R 42,795
R 74,242
R 43,137
R 74,850
R 43,083
R 74,826
R 42,570
R 74,007
R 75,339
1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
2011 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
22,026
21,934
21,952
22,170
22,220
22,920
23,120
23,270
23,170
22,920
23,220
23,170
22,678
2,869
2,906
2,854
2,848
2,564
2,664
2,916
3,067
2,987
3,030
3,021
3,121
2,904
4,238
4,188
4,160
4,127
4,106
4,017
3,956
4,027
3,964
3,926
4,006
3,998
4,059
572
571
570
569
568
567
566
565
564
563
562
561
566
2,632
2,602
2,620
2,621
2,603
2,592
2,580
2,598
2,534
2,598
2,573
2,601
2,596
1,905
1,861
1,808
1,874
1,607
1,660
1,737
1,714
1,636
1,756
1,764
1,713
1,752
9,769
9,773
9,753
9,795
9,818
9,770
9,837
9,832
9,557
9,902
9,595
9,869
9,774
1,316
1,085
1,073
1,164
1,017
1,018
946
767
890
998
1,039
1,010
1,026
R 5,505
5,567
R 5,422
R 5,642
R 5,595
R 5,885
R 6,019
R 6,026
R 5,652
43,012
42,628
42,691
R 42,495
R 41,697
R 41,775
R 41,856
R 42,268
R 41,678
R 42,552
R 42,679
R 42,975
R 42,359
2012 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
23,070
23,120
23,220
23,200
22,895
23,070
23,020
23,020
22,970
22,620
23,019
3,105
3,237
3,042
3,145
R 3,029
R 2,994
R 3,097
R 3,056
R 3,000
3,358
3,106
4,089
4,109
4,066
4,111
4,105
4,015
4,010
4,128
4,242
4,217
4,109
560
560
560
560
560
556
554
554
R 553
553
557
2,562
2,588
2,596
2,586
2,587
2,584
2,568
2,596
2,593
2,581
2,584
1,761
1,745
1,715
1,720
1,699
1,583
1,553
1,570
1,309
1,549
1,620
9,894
9,889
9,891
9,861
9,882
9,861
9,882
9,907
R 9,941
9,984
9,899
999
1,016
968
981
893
949
954
742
609
688
879
RE 6,144
R 42,982
R 75,721
RE 6,219
R 42,843
R 75,941
RE 6,280
R 42,587
R 75,722
RE 6,279
R 42,607
R 75,993
RE 6,304
R 42,374
R 75,342
RE 6,234
R 42,044
R 75,141
RE 6,357
R 42,318
R 75,321
RE 6,283
R 42,098
R 75,315
RE 6,484
R 41,907
R 74,868
E 6,820
E 6,341
43,011
42,478
75,498
75,485

22,575
21,200
2,871
2,691
4,070
4,054
567
576
2,598
2,628
1,755
1,868
9,781
9,689
1,027
1,234
5,578
5,457
42,264
42,462
73,834
73,841
a See Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in Glossary.

On Tables 11.1a and 11.1b, countries are classified as "OPEC" or "Non-OPEC" in
all years based on their status in the most current year. For example, Ecuador
rejoined OPEC in 2007, and is thus included in "Total OPEC" for all years; and
Indonesia left OPEC at the end of 2008, and is thus included in "Total Non-OPEC"
for all years.
R=Revised. NA=Not available. =Not applicable. E=Estimate.
R 5,419
R 5,589
R 5,538
R 5,598
R 74,550
R 73,439
R 73,373
R 72,603
R 73,329
R 73,656
R 74,208
R 73,668
R 74,208
R 75,158
R 75,481
R 74,083
Notes: Data are for crude oil and lease condensate; they exclude natural gas
plant liquids. Monthly data are often preliminary figures and may not average to
the annual totals because of rounding or because updates to the preliminary
monthly data are not available. Data for countries may not sum to World totals
due to independent rounding. U.S. geographic coverage is the 50 States and the
Web Page: See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#international for
151
Figure 11.2 Petroleum Consumption in OECD Countries

Overview, 1973-2011
OECD Total, September

60
90
75
47.765
World
60
46.897
45.169
40
OECD
45
30
20
United States
15
OECD Europe
Japan
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
0
2000
2005
2010
2010
2011
2012
By Selected OECD Country

September 2011
September 2012
1.919
France
1.726
2.551
Germany
2.339
1.541
Italy
1.315
1.671
United Kingdom
1.525
2.302
Canada
2.471
4.278
Japan
4.443
2.241
South Korea
2.265
18.892
United States
18.173
12
16
20
24
Note: OECD is the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Web Page: http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#international.
Development.
Source: Table 11.2.
152
Table 11.2 Petroleum Consumption in OECD Countries

France
Germanya
Italy
United
Kingdom
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
2,601
2,252
2,256
1,753
1,826
1,920
1,949
1,969
2,043
2,031
2,000
2,054
1,985
2,001
2,009
1,991
1,991
1,979
1,945
1,868
3,324
2,957
3,082
2,651
2,682
2,882
2,922
2,917
2,923
2,836
2,767
2,807
2,710
2,662
2,649
2,621
2,639
2,416
2,542
2,453
2,068
1,855
1,934
1,705
1,868
1,942
1,920
1,934
1,943
1,891
1,854
1,832
1,870
1,860
1,829
1,781
1,777
1,729
1,667
1,544
2,341
1,911
1,725
1,617
1,776
1,816
1,852
1,810
1,792
1,811
1,765
1,747
1,739
1,759
1,785
1,820
1,806
1,753
1,727
1,641
2010 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
1,756
1,955
1,913
1,845
1,693
1,836
1,829
1,741
1,945
1,753
1,788
1,939
1,831
2,161
2,454
2,505
2,260
2,354
2,510
2,571
2,547
2,747
2,622
2,585
2,324
2,470
1,369
1,535
1,563
1,520
1,451
1,578
1,658
1,506
1,624
1,532
1,567
1,630
1,544
2011 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Average ....................
1,773
1,916
1,789
1,747
1,734
1,786
1,799
1,804
1,919
1,777
1,730
1,737
1,792
2,230
2,433
2,393
2,258
2,403
2,270
2,409
2,638
2,551
2,508
2,447
2,262
2,400
1,352
1,554
1,445
1,461
1,425
1,510
1,477
1,400
1,541
1,465
1,405
1,423
1,454
1973 Average
1975 Average
1980 Average
1985 Average
1990 Average
1995 Average
1996 Average
1997 Average
1998 Average
1999 Average
2000 Average
2001 Average
2002 Average
2003 Average
2004 Average
2005 Average
2006 Average
2007 Average
2008 Average
2009 Average
OECD
Europeb
Canada
Japan
South
Korea
United
States
Other
OECDc
OECDd
World
15,879
14,314
14,995
12,772
13,762
14,762
15,055
15,195
15,500
15,409
15,276
15,447
15,386
15,494
15,598
15,716
15,723
15,546
15,457
R 14,667
1,729
1,779
1,873
1,514
1,722
1,799
1,853
1,940
1,931
2,016
2,014
2,043
2,065
2,191
2,282
2,315
2,229
2,283
2,225
2,153
4,949
4,621
4,960
4,436
5,315
5,693
5,739
5,702
5,507
5,642
5,515
5,412
5,319
5,428
5,319
5,328
5,197
5,037
4,795
4,406
281
311
537
552
1,048
2,008
2,101
2,255
1,917
2,084
2,135
2,132
2,149
2,175
2,155
2,191
2,180
2,241
2,142
2,188
17,308
16,322
17,056
15,726
16,988
17,725
18,309
18,620
18,917
19,519
19,701
19,649
19,761
20,034
20,731
20,802
20,687
20,680
19,498
18,771
1,768
1,885
2,449
2,699
3,040
3,452
3,509
3,629
3,757
3,844
3,902
3,892
3,873
3,918
4,015
4,093
4,128
4,250
4,237
4,095
41,913
39,232
41,870
37,699
41,875
45,439
46,566
47,342
47,529
48,514
48,543
48,575
48,553
49,241
50,100
50,445
50,144
50,037
48,355
R 46,280
57,237
56,198
63,113
60,083
66,533
70,099
71,714
73,464
74,117
75,833
76,788
77,481
78,175
79,720
82,583
84,089
85,156
85,944
85,554
R 84,741
1,586
1,688
1,683
1,646
1,615
1,599
1,631
1,643
1,640
1,667
1,647
1,526
1,630
R 13,543
2,128
2,256
2,149
2,180
2,202
2,346
2,205
2,378
2,325
2,249
2,317
2,360
2,258
4,779
5,002
4,738
4,327
3,841
3,967
4,170
4,388
4,441
4,035
4,595
5,005
4,437
2,361
2,383
2,253
2,249
2,170
2,177
2,111
2,221
2,192
2,225
2,392
2,495
2,268
18,652
18,850
19,099
19,044
18,866
19,537
19,319
19,662
19,438
18,974
18,977
19,722
19,180
3,840
4,217
4,030
4,120
4,047
4,200
4,128
4,007
4,030
4,007
4,110
4,204
4,077
R 45,302
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
R 87,251
1,600
1,652
1,635
1,621
1,555
1,687
1,562
1,617
1,671
1,578
1,595
1,531
1,608
R 13,646
4,899
5,067
4,551
3,994
3,787
3,943
4,226
4,425
4,278
4,394
4,602
5,429
4,464
2,429
2,349
2,295
2,011
2,022
2,112
2,188
2,212
2,241
2,216
2,252
2,436
2,230
18,993
18,873
19,329
18,650
18,479
19,253
18,778
19,415
18,892
18,844
19,080
18,803
18,949
3,821
4,261
4,270
4,079
4,092
4,218
4,166
4,230
4,216
4,016
R 4,282
R 4,317
4,163
R 46,043
R 14,284
2,255
2,315
2,390
2,144
2,184
2,340
2,321
2,456
2,302
2,190
2,276
2,298
2,289
R 2,167
R 2,163
R 13,686
R 2,384
R 13,546
R 2,299
R 13,603
R 2,364
R 14,097
R 2,301
R 13,976
R 2,404
R 13,638
R 2,530
2,366
2,410
2,153
2,099
2,181
2,304
2,196
2,235
2,265
2,244
18,280
18,760
18,213
18,330
18,707
18,915
18,601
19,226
18,173
18,578
4,110
4,287
4,342
R 4,133
R 4,207
4,188
4,181
R 4,332
4,056
4,204
R 45,162
R 14,442
45,169
45,810
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
2,206
2,234
18,964
19,164
4,149
4,067
46,318
46,654
NA
NA
R 14,798
R 14,874
R 14,274
R 13,921
R 14,757
R 14,934
R 14,535
R 15,339
R 14,942
R 15,030
R 14,621
R 14,627
R 14,806
R 14,352
R 13,940
R 14,014
R 14,440
R 14,391
R 14,655
R 14,969
R 14,345
R 14,165
R 13,753
2012 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
1,745
1,950
1,725
1,686
1,671
1,780
1,800
1,663
1,726
1,748
2,133
2,483
2,219
2,231
2,305
2,466
2,425
2,285
2,339
2,319
1,263
1,306
1,316
1,293
1,304
1,367
1,380
1,328
1,315
1,319
1,440
1,565
1,614
1,600
1,517
1,526
1,507
R 1,475
1,525
1,530
R 13,079
13,762
13,753
2,471
2,344
5,161
5,550
5,156
4,390
4,367
4,129
4,372
4,629
4,443
4,686

1,806
1,833
2,398
2,456
1,461
1,533
1,621
1,636
14,351
14,548
2,301
2,240
4,347
4,401
a Data are for unified Germany, i.e., the former East Germany and West
Germany.
b "OECD Europe" consists of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway,
Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, and the United Kingdom; for 1984
forward, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia; and, for 2000 forward,
Slovenia.
c "Other OECD" consists of Australia, New Zealand, and the U.S. Territories;
for 1984 forward, Mexico; and, for 2000 forward, Chile, Estonia, and Israel.
d The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
consists of "OECD Europe," Canada, Japan, South Korea, the United States, and
"Other OECD."
R 47,506
R 47,144
R 46,193
R 45,047
R 46,984
R 46,866
R 47,191
R 47,765
R 46,432
R 47,420
R 48,407
R 46,847
R 47,671
R 47,187
R 44,818
R 44,578
R 46,306
R 46,070
R 47,393
R 46,897
R 46,005
R 46,657
R 47,035
R 46,380
R 47,611
R 45,934
R 44,796
R 45,430
R 45,934
R 45,730
R 46,592
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
R 88,170
rounding. U.S. geographic coverage is the 50 States and the District of

Columbia.
Sources: United States: Table 3.1. Chile, East Germany, Former
Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Mexico, Poland, South Korea, Non-OECD
Countries, U.S. Territories, and World: 1973-1979U.S. Energy Information
Administration (EIA), International Energy Database. Countries Other Than
United States: 1980-2008EIA, International Energy Statistics (IES). OECD
Countries, and U.S. Territories: 2009 forwardEIA, IES. World: 2009
forwardEIA, Short Term Energy Outlook, January 2013, Table 3a. All Other
Data:International Energy Agency (IEA), Quarterly Oil Statistics and Energy
Balances in OECD Countries, various issues.
153
Figure 11.3 Petroleum Stocks in OECD Countries

(Billion Barrels)
Overview, End of Year, 1973-2011
OECD Stocks, End of Month, September
5
4.311
OECD
4.203
4.262
2011
2012
United States
OECD Europe
Japan
0
0
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2010
By Selected OECD Country, End of Month

September 2011
September 2012
0.160
France
0.164
0.277
Germany
0.284
0.148
Italy
0.153
0.085
United Kingdom
0.084
0.176
Canada
0.174
0.601
Japan
0.606
0.174
South Korea
0.184
1.781
United States
1.818
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
Note: OECD is the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.

Source: Table 11.3.
154
1.8
2.0
Table 11.3 Petroleum Stocks in OECD Countries

(Million Barrels)
France
1973 Year
1975 Year
1980 Year
1985 Year
1990 Year
1995 Year
1996 Year
1997 Year
1998 Year
1999 Year
2000 Year
2001 Year
2002 Year
2003 Year
2004 Year
2005 Year
2006 Year
2007 Year
2008 Year
2009 Year
Germanya
Italy
United
Kingdom
OECD
Europeb
Canada
Japan
South
Korea
United
States
Other
OECDc
OECDd
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
201
225
243
139
143
155
154
161
169
160
170
165
170
179
177
185
182
180
179
175
181
187
319
277
280
302
303
299
323
290
272
273
253
273
267
283
283
275
279
284
152
143
170
156
171
162
152
147
153
148
157
151
155
153
153
149
151
150
145
143
156
165
168
131
103
101
103
100
104
101
100
113
104
100
101
95
103
90
99
94
1,070
1,154
1,464
1,154
1,222
1,256
1,259
1,271
1,355
1,258
1,318
1,306
1,272
1,316
1,318
1,369
1,401
1,386
1,435
1,426
140
174
164
112
143
132
127
144
139
141
143
154
155
165
154
168
169
163
162
157
303
375
495
500
572
631
651
685
649
629
634
634
615
636
635
612
631
621
630
589
NA
NA
NA
13
64
92
123
124
129
132
140
143
140
155
149
135
152
143
135
155
1,008
1,133
1,392
1,519
1,621
1,563
1,507
1,560
1,647
1,493
1,468
1,586
1,548
1,568
1,645
1,698
1,720
1,665
1,737
1,776
67
67
72
119
126
122
127
123
120
114
126
120
112
105
108
112
113
121
124
117
2,588
2,903
3,587
3,417
3,749
3,795
3,794
3,907
4,039
3,766
3,829
3,944
3,842
3,945
4,009
4,094
4,185
4,099
4,221
4,220
2010 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ...............
182
175
172
172
173
170
168
171
163
161
170
168
295
290
289
284
286
280
282
289
286
285
287
287
144
151
147
152
149
150
144
151
144
147
143
151
95
99
93
95
99
96
96
93
95
94
92
89
1,466
1,451
1,432
1,441
1,449
1,432
1,417
1,432
1,392
1,402
1,394
1,398
160
161
167
168
164
166
173
182
180
183
184
184
593
587
581
590
599
597
598
597
582
599
604
588
162
163
164
166
166
167
170
169
174
170
171
165
1,786
1,785
1,787
1,810
1,830
1,842
1,855
1,862
1,861
1,847
1,827
1,794
122
128
127
123
120
131
127
127
123
125
121
119
4,289
4,275
4,258
4,298
4,329
4,334
4,339
4,369
4,311
4,325
4,302
4,248
2011 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ...............
173
170
167
163
168
167
164
162
160
165
164
165
291
288
286
291
288
286
290
283
277
278
277
279
158
149
149
149
147
147
148
149
148
147
148
146
97
95
93
93
91
85
87
89
85
86
93
88
1,439
1,410
1,398
1,384
1,387
1,379
1,370
1,374
1,353
1,341
1,357
1,347
174
169
172
179
177
177
177
176
176
178
179
178
596
591
575
601
599
593
599
598
601
599
603
589
168
162
170
173
170
175
173
171
174
174
170
167
1,809
1,780
1,776
1,779
1,807
1,809
1,816
1,796
1,781
1,769
1,770
1,750
117
121
116
123
122
120
122
123
119
118
116
116
4,304
4,234
4,207
4,238
4,262
4,253
4,256
4,237
4,203
4,180
4,195
R 4,147
2012 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
166
165
165
163
162
164
163
168
164
284
283
281
280
281
280
286
285
284
150
149
148
148
148
145
143
148
153
90
90
89
91
88
89
88
89
84
594
583
580
592
597
601
608
603
606
164
171
164
174
183
177
181
179
184
1,772
1,765
1,778
1,777
1,794
1,808
1,809
1,801
1,818
119
110
113
115
117
112
117
115
116
R 4,196
1,369
178
R 1,367
R 180
1,375
1,368
1,351
1,354
1,365
R 1,383
1,365
R 175
a Through December 1983, the data for Germany are for the former West
Germany only. Beginning with January 1984, the data for Germany are for the
unified Germany, i.e., the former East Germany and West Germany.
b "OECD Europe" consists of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway,
Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, and the United Kingdom; for 1984
forward, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia; and, for 2000 forward,
Slovenia.
c "Other OECD" consists of Australia, New Zealand, and the U.S. Territories; for
1984 forward, Mexico; and, for 2000 forward, Chile, Estonia, and Israel.
d The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
consists of "OECD Europe," Canada, Japan, South Korea, the United States, and
"Other OECD."
Notes: Stocks are at end of period. Petroleum stocks include crude oil
R 176
R 172
R 171
R 174
R 178
174
R 4,177
R 4,184
R 4,202
4,212
R 4,223
R 4,254
R 4,259
4,262
(including strategic reserves), unfinished oils, natural gas plant liquids, and refined
products. In the United States in January 1975, 1981, and 1983, numerous
respondents were added to bulk terminal and pipeline surveys, thereby affecting
subsequent stocks reported. New-basis end-of-year U.S. stocks, in million barrels,
would have been 1,121 in 1974, 1,425 in 1980, and 1,461 in 1982. Totals may
not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. U.S. geographic
Sources: United States: Table 3.4. U.S. Territories: 1983
forwardU.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Database.
All Other Data: 1973-1982International Energy Agency (IEA), Quarterly Oil
Statistics and Energy Balances, various issues. 1983IEA, Monthly Oil and Gas
Statistics Database. 1984 forwardIEA, Monthly Oil Data Service, December 12,
2012.
155
International Petroleum
Tables 11.1a and 11.1b Sources
United States
Table 3.1.
All Other Countries and World, Annual Data
International Energy Annual 1981, Table 8.
1980 forward: EIA, International Energy Database, January
2013.
All Other Countries and World, Monthly Data
19731980: Petroleum Intelligence Weekly (PIW), Oil &
Gas Journal (OGJ), and EIA adjustments.
19811993: PIW, OGJ, and other industry sources.
1994 forward: EIA, International Energy Database, January
2013.
156
12. Environment
Figure 12.1 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption by Source

(Million Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide)
Total,a Monthly
Total,a 1973-2011
8,000
800
6,000
600
4,000
400
2,000
200
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
2010
2011
2012

300
3,000
Petroleum
Petroleum
200
2,000
Coalb
Coalb
1,000
100
Natural Gas
Natural
Gas
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
2010
a
5,000
4,648
2011
2012

4,585
4,386
Petroleum
4,000
191
3,000
Coal
135
2,000
1,000
Natural Gas
101
0
2010
a
b
158
2011
2012
Excludes emissions from biomass energy consumption.

Includes coal coke net imports.
50
100
150
200
250
Web Page: http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#environment.

Source: Table 12.1.
Table 12.1 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption by Source

(Million Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxidea)
Petroleum
Coalb
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Natural Aviation Distillate

Gasc Gasoline Fuel Oild
Jet
Fuel
Kerosene
LPGe
Lubricants
Motor
Petroleum Residual
Gasolinef
Coke
Fuel Oil
Otherg
Total
Totalh,i
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
1,207
1,181
1,436
1,638
1,821
1,913
1,995
2,040
2,064
2,062
2,155
2,088
2,095
2,136
2,160
2,182
2,147
2,172
2,139
1,876
1,178
1,046
1,061
926
1,024
1,183
1,204
1,210
1,189
1,193
1,243
1,188
1,227
1,193
1,200
1,183
1,168
1,243
1,253
1,230
6
5
4
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
480
443
446
445
470
498
525
534
538
555
580
598
587
610
632
640
648
652
615
564
155
146
156
178
223
222
232
234
238
245
254
243
237
231
240
246
240
238
226
204
32
24
24
17
6
8
9
10
12
11
10
11
6
8
10
10
8
5
2
3
92
82
87
87
67
80
86
87
82
90
97
88
91
87
87
84
80
83
79
78
13
11
13
12
13
13
12
13
14
14
14
13
12
11
12
12
11
12
11
10
911
911
900
930
988
1,044
1,063
1,075
1,107
1,127
1,135
1,151
1,183
1,188
1,214
1,214
1,224
1,227
1,166
1,157
54
51
49
54
70
76
79
80
93
96
86
89
96
96
107
106
106
100
93
87
508
443
453
216
220
152
152
142
158
148
163
144
125
138
155
165
122
129
111
91
100
97
142
93
127
121
139
145
128
133
118
135
130
142
144
143
152
150
132
112
2,350
2,212
2,275
2,036
2,187
2,216
2,300
2,323
2,372
2,422
2,459
2,474
2,470
2,514
2,603
2,623
2,593
2,596
2,437
2,307
4,735
4,439
4,771
4,600
5,039
5,323
5,510
5,584
5,635
5,688
5,868
5,761
5,804
5,855
5,975
5,999
5,920
6,023
5,841
5,425
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
182
163
156
138
155
176
190
190
161
145
148
178
1,982
R 151
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2
49
46
51
48
48
48
47
50
50
50
49
55
590
17
15
18
17
18
19
19
19
18
18
17
17
210
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
1
3
9
8
7
5
5
5
6
6
6
7
7
9
79
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
11
92
84
95
96
99
97
101
100
96
97
92
96
1,146
5
6
8
7
6
7
7
8
8
6
7
7
81
9
7
8
9
8
7
9
7
8
7
8
8
96
9
9
11
11
11
10
10
11
10
9
10
10
122
192
175
199
194
197
196
199
203
195
196
191
204
2,339
R 525
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
180
149
148
136
148
168
186
183
154
141
136
149
1,876
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2
52
47
53
48
49
50
47
53
50
53
52
51
603
17
15
17
18
18
19
18
19
17
17
17
17
209
(s)
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2
10
8
8
6
6
6
6
7
6
7
8
9
87
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
91
84
95
92
95
95
98
96
92
93
89
94
1,113
7
5
6
6
8
7
7
8
6
7
7
4
78
9
8
7
7
7
7
5
5
7
6
6
8
82
10
8
11
10
8
9
11
10
10
10
11
10
118
196
176
200
188
192
193
193
200
190
194
191
193
2,304
50
49
49
47
49
47
47
49
47
50
484
16
16
17
16
18
19
18
18
17
17
172
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
8
8
7
6
7
6
7
7
7
8
72
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
89
87
93
92
97
94
95
99
90
94
930
7
5
6
6
7
7
6
7
6
6
63
6
6
6
6
4
5
6
5
4
4
55
11
10
9
9
9
10
10
11
8
11
99
188
182
189
184
192
189
191
197
180
191
1,883
416
428
4,386
501
485
175
176
2
2
71
64
9
9
931
958
67
68
68
79
97
102
1,921
1,944
4,585
4,648
R 133
R 115
R 90
R 86
R 88
R 98
R 101
R 88
R 89
R 106
R 146
R 1,290
R 155
131
R 120
R 98
89
88
R 101
R 101
88
93
R 108
135
R 1,306
R 148
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
143
128
119
108
128
143
171
R 164
139
135
1,378
96
101
1,116
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2

1,592
1,655
1,063
1,039
2
2
R 134
R 114
R 105
R 100
R 100
R 111
R 107
a Metric tons of carbon dioxide can be converted to metric tons of carbon

equivalent by multiplying by 12/44.
b Includes coal coke net imports.
c Natural gas, excluding supplemental gaseous fuels.
d Distillate fuel oil, excluding biodiesel.
e Liquefied petroleum gases.
f Finished motor gasoline, excluding fuel ethanol.
g Aviation gasoline blending components, crude oil, motor gasoline blending
components, pentanes plus, petrochemical feedstocks, special naphthas, still gas,
unfinished oils, waxes, and miscellaneous petroleum products.
h Includes electric power sector use of geothermal energy and non-biomass
waste. See Table 12.6.
i Excludes emissions from biomass energy consumption. See Table 12.7.
R 473
R 471
R 423
R 438
R 461
R 488
R 494
R 445
R 430
R 446
R 529
R 5,623
R 532
R 457
468
R 423
R 430
R 450
R 481
R 485
R 433
429
435
R 478
R 5,498
R 480
R 445
R 422
R 397
R 421
R 433
R 474
R 470
R=Revised. (s)=Less than 0.5 million metric tons.

Notes: Data are estimates for carbon dioxide emissions from energy
consumption, including the nonfuel use of fossil fuels.
See "Section 12
Methodology and Sources" at end of section. See "Carbon Dioxide" in Glossary.
See Note 1, "Emissions of Carbon Dioxide and Other Greenhouse Gases," at
end of section. Data exclude emissions from biomass energy consumption. See
Table 12.7 and Note 2, "Accounting for Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Biomass
Energy Combustion," at end of section. Totals may not equal sum of
Web Page: See http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#environment for
159
Figure 12.2 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption by Sector

(Million Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide)
Totala by End-Use Sector,b 1973-2011
2,500
Residential Sector by Major Source, 1973-2011

1,000
2,000
750
Industrial
1,500
1,000
Retail Electricityb
Transportation
500
Residential
Natural Gas
500
Commercial
250
Petroleum
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Commercial Sector by Major Source, 1973-2011

1,000
750
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Industrial Sector by Major Source, 1973-2011

1,000
Retail Electricityb
750
Retail Electricityb
Natural Gas
500
500
Petroleum
250
Natural Gas
250
Coal
Petroleum
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Transportation Sector by Major Source, 1973-2011
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Electric Power Sector by Major Source, 1973-2011
2,500
2,500
2,000
2,000
Petroleum
Coal
1,500
1,500
1,000
1,000
Petroleum
500
500
Base Gas
Natural Gas
Natural Gas
0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
a
Excludes emissions from biomass energy consumption.

Emissions from energy consumption in the electric power sector are
allocated to the end-use sectors in proportion to each sectors share of
b
160
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

total electricity retail Sales.
Web Page: http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#environment.
Sources: Tables 12.212.6.
Table 12.2 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption: Residential Sector
Petroleum
Coal
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Natural
Gasb
Distillate
Fuel Oilc
Kerosene
LPGd
Total
Retail
Electricitye
Totalf
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
9
6
3
4
3
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
264
266
256
241
238
263
284
270
247
257
271
259
265
276
264
262
237
257
266
259
147
132
96
80
72
66
68
64
56
61
66
66
63
66
68
62
52
53
49
44
16
12
8
11
5
5
6
7
8
8
7
7
4
5
6
6
5
3
2
2
36
32
20
20
22
25
30
29
27
33
35
33
34
34
32
32
28
31
35
35
199
176
124
111
98
96
104
99
91
102
108
106
101
106
106
101
85
87
85
81
435
419
529
553
624
678
710
719
759
762
805
805
835
847
856
897
869
897
878
819
907
867
911
909
963
1,039
1,099
1,090
1,097
1,122
1,185
1,172
1,203
1,230
1,228
1,261
1,192
1,241
1,229
1,159
2010 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Total ..........................
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
51
43
31
17
11
7
6
6
6
11
24
46
259
6
6
4
2
3
3
2
2
2
3
3
6
43
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2
3
3
3
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
33
10
9
7
5
5
6
5
5
5
6
7
10
78
91
74
65
51
59
79
97
96
72
56
56
81
875
151
126
103
73
75
92
108
107
83
73
87
137
1,212
2011 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
November ..................
December ..................
Total ..........................
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
R 52
42
33
19
11
7
6
6
7
12
23
37
R 255
5
5
4
3
2
3
2
3
3
4
4
6
44
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
35
9
8
7
5
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
9
80
87
67
59
53
57
75
95
92
68
53
53
66
823
77
73
88
106
104
81
72
83
113
R 1,159
2012 January ......................

February ....................
March .........................
April ...........................
May ............................
June ...........................
July ............................
August .......................
September .................
October ......................
10-Month Total .........
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
43
36
22
15
9
7
6
6
6
13
164
6
5
4
3
3
3
3
4
3
3
37
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
29
9
8
7
6
6
6
6
7
6
6
66
69
58
51
45
55
69
93
85
65
54
643
121
102
80
66
70
82
104
98
R 77
73
873
2011 10-Month Total .........

2010 10-Month Total .........
(s)
1
195
189
34
33
1
1
29
27
63
62
706
738
965
990

b Natural gas, excluding supplemental gaseous fuels.
c Distillate fuel oil, excluding biodiesel.
d Liquefied petroleum gases.
e Emissions from energy consumption (for electricity and a small amount of
useful thermal output) in the electric power sector are allocated to the end-use
sectors in proportion to each sectors share of total electricity retail sales. See
Tables 7.6 and 12.6.
f Excludes emissions from biomass energy consumption. See Table 12.7.
R=Revised. (s)=Less than 0.5 million metric tons.
148
117
R 98
consumption. See "Section 12 Methodology and Sources" at end of section.
See "Carbon Dioxide" in Glossary. See Note 1, "Emissions of Carbon Dioxide
and Other Greenhouse Gases," at end of section. Data exclude emissions from
biomass energy consumption. See Table 12.7 and Note 2, "Accounting for Carbon
Dioxide Emissions From Biomass Energy Combustion," at end of section. Totals
161
Table 12.3 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption: Commercial Sector
Petroleum
Coal
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Natural
Gasb
Distillate
Fuel Oilc
Kerosene
Motor
Gasolinee
LPGd
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
15
14
11
13
12
11
12
12
9
10
9
9
9
8
10
9
6
7
7
6
141
136
141
132
142
164
171
174
164
165
173
164
170
173
170
163
154
164
171
169
47
43
38
46
39
35
35
32
31
32
36
37
32
35
34
33
29
28
27
30
5
4
3
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
(s)
(s)
9
8
6
6
6
7
8
8
7
9
9
9
9
10
10
8
8
8
10
9
6
6
8
7
8
1
2
3
3
2
3
3
3
4
3
3
3
4
3
4
2010 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Total ........................
1
1
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
6
27
24
18
12
9
7
R7
7
7
10
16
25
168
4
4
3
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
4
30
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9
2011 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Total ........................
1
1
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
5
29
23
20
13
9
7
7
7
8
R 11
15
R 21
171
4
4
3
2
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
4
31
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2012 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
3
24
21
14
11
8
7
7
7
8
11
120
4
3
3
2
2
2
2
3
2
2
26
2011 10-Month Total .......

2010 10-Month Total .......
4
5
134
127
24
24
NA
NA
NA
NA
Residual
Fuel Oil
Total
Retail
Electricityf
Totalg
0
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
52
39
44
18
18
11
11
9
7
6
7
6
6
9
10
9
6
6
6
6
120
100
98
79
73
56
57
54
51
51
58
57
52
59
58
55
48
47
46
49
334
333
412
480
566
620
643
686
724
735
783
797
795
796
816
842
836
861
850
785
609
583
662
704
793
851
883
926
947
960
1,022
1,027
1,026
1,036
1,054
1,069
1,043
1,078
1,074
1,008
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
4
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
0
0
0
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
1
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
6
6
6
4
3
3
4
3
3
3
4
4
6
49
66
60
59
57
66
74
80
81
69
63
61
68
805
101
91
82
73
78
85
90
91
79
77
81
100
1,027
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
4
(s)
(s)
(s)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
1
5
6
5
4
3
2
3
3
4
4
4
5
6
49
65
55
58
57
63
70
79
77
66
61
57
60
769
100
85
83
73
75
81
89
89
77
77
77
R 87
994
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
3
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
0
0
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
1
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
5
6
5
5
3
4
4
4
4
3
3
41
57
53
52
51
61
66
77
74
64
61
616
88
80
71
66
73
77
87
85
75
76
780
(s)
(s)
8
7
3
3
(s)
(s)
4
5
39
39
652
675
829
846

e Finished motor gasoline, excluding fuel ethanol.
f Emissions from energy consumption (for electricity and a small amount of
g Excludes emissions from biomass energy consumption. See Table 12.7.
R=Revised. NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.5 million metric tons.
162
Petroleum
Coke
Table 12.4 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption: Industrial Sector
Coal
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Coal
Coke
Net
Natural Distillate
Imports Gasb Fuel Oilc
Petroleum
Kerosene
LPGd
Lubricants
Motor
Petroleum Residual
Gasolinee
Coke
Fuel Oil
Otherf
Total
Retail
Electricityg
Totalh
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
....................
371
336
289
256
258
233
227
224
219
208
211
204
188
190
191
183
179
175
168
131
-1
2
-4
-2
1
7
3
5
8
7
7
3
7
6
16
5
7
3
5
-3
536
440
429
360
432
489
505
505
495
475
483
440
448
432
437
405
405
416
417
391
106
97
96
81
84
82
87
88
88
86
87
95
88
83
88
92
92
92
93
80
11
9
13
3
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
3
2
1
(s)
(s)
44
39
61
59
37
47
48
50
47
47
52
45
47
42
44
42
43
43
32
33
7
6
7
6
7
7
6
7
7
7
7
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
5
18
16
11
15
13
14
14
15
14
11
11
21
22
23
26
25
26
21
17
17
52
51
48
54
67
67
71
70
80
85
76
79
79
78
84
81
84
82
77
72
144
117
105
57
31
25
24
21
16
14
17
14
13
16
18
20
16
13
14
7
100
97
142
93
127
121
139
145
128
133
118
135
130
142
144
143
152
150
132
112
483
431
483
369
366
364
391
396
382
383
369
396
386
390
413
412
421
409
371
327
515
490
601
583
638
659
678
694
706
704
719
667
654
672
675
673
650
662
642
551
1,904
1,697
1,798
1,566
1,695
1,751
1,803
1,824
1,809
1,778
1,788
1,711
1,683
1,690
1,731
1,678
1,662
1,665
1,602
1,397
2010 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
12
12
13
12
12
12
12
13
13
12
13
13
149
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
-1
-1
-1
R 39
R 36
R 37
R 34
R 34
R 33
R 34
R 34
R 34
R 35
R 36
R 40
6
6
9
8
6
5
4
7
9
7
8
9
86
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
4
4
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
4
35
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
6
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
19
4
4
6
6
5
6
6
7
7
5
6
6
67
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
9
9
11
11
11
10
10
11
10
9
10
10
122
27
26
32
30
27
27
25
30
31
27
30
32
343
46
44
46
45
51
52
54
55
48
47
48
50
587
R 124
R 119
R 128
R 121
R 124
R 124
R 125
R 132
R 125
R 121
R 126
R 134
2011 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
November ............
December ............
Total ....................
13
12
13
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
13
147
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
9
7
10
7
7
7
4
7
7
8
9
6
89
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
5
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
41
(s)
(s)
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
5
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
18
5
4
5
5
7
5
5
7
5
6
6
3
63
1
1
1
1
1
1
(s)
(s)
1
1
1
1
7
10
8
11
10
8
9
11
10
10
10
11
10
118
32
25
33
28
27
27
25
30
28
29
32
26
341
48
42
46
45
48
50
54
53
47
47
46
45
574
2012 January ................

February ..............
March ...................
April .....................
May ......................
June .....................
July ......................
August .................
October ................
10-Month Total ...
12
12
12
11
11
11
11
R 11
11
12
114
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
R 41
R 38
37
368
7
9
7
6
6
5
3
4
6
8
60
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
34
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
4
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
15
5
4
5
5
6
6
5
7
6
5
55
1
(s)
1
1
(s)
(s)
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
5
11
10
9
9
9
10
10
11
8
11
99
30
30
27
26
27
26
25
27
25
30
272
43
42
41
41
46
47
52
50
45
46
453
123
125
116
125
1,208

122
123
1
1
356
350
74
69
(s)
(s)
33
28
4
5
15
16
54
55
6
7
97
102
284
281
481
488
1,245
1,243
R 426
R 40
36
R 38
35
35
33
34
R 35
34
R 36
R 37
R 40
R 432
37
R 36
R 36
R 35
R 36
36
R 36

f Aviation gasoline blending components, crude oil, motor gasoline blending
components, pentanes plus, petrochemical feedstocks, special naphthas, still gas,
unfinished oils, waxes, and miscellaneous petroleum products.
g Emissions from energy consumption (for electricity and a small amount of
h Excludes emissions from biomass energy consumption. See Table 12.7.
R 1,504
R 133
116
R 130
R 120
R 123
122
R 125
130
121
R 125
126
R 124
R 1,496
R 125
R 121
118
R 114
R 121
R 118
R=Revised. (s)=Less than 0.5 million metric tons and greater than -0.5 million
metric tons.
See "Section 12
163
Table 12.5 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption: Transportation Sector
Petroleum
Coal
Natural
Gasb
(s)
(s)
(h)
h
( )
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
39
32
34
28
36
38
39
41
35
36
36
35
37
33
32
33
33
35
37
38
6
5
4
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
163
155
204
232
268
307
327
342
352
366
378
387
394
414
434
444
469
472
440
404
2010 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Total ........................
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
38
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2
2011 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
Total ........................
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
5
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
39
2012 January ....................

February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................
September ...............
October ....................
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
(h)
2011 10-Month Total .......

2010 10-Month Total .......
(h)
(h)
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
Aviation
Gasoline
Distillate
Fuel Oilc
Jet
Fuel
Totalg
1,273
1,258
1,363
1,391
1,548
1,639
1,683
1,699
1,743
1,789
1,833
1,813
1,851
1,861
1,926
1,953
1,984
1,999
1,895
1,818
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
1,315
1,292
1,400
1,421
1,588
1,681
1,725
1,744
1,782
1,828
1,872
1,852
1,892
1,899
1,962
1,991
2,022
2,040
1,937
1,860
6
5
6
7
6
5
6
5
6
6
6
5
69
145
133
154
154
159
156
162
161
155
157
149
153
1,836
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
5
150
137
157
157
161
159
165
165
157
160
152
158
1,879
89
82
93
90
93
93
96
94
90
92
87
92
1,091
6
6
5
5
6
5
3
4
6
5
5
6
62
146
135
153
150
155
156
157
158
150
152
145
150
1,807
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
4
151
139
157
153
158
159
160
161
153
155
149
154
1,850
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
4
87
85
91
90
95
93
93
97
88
92
912
5
4
5
5
3
4
5
4
3
3
40
141
137
149
147
154
153
155
158
144
150
1,488
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
3
145
142
152
151
157
156
159
161
148
153
1,525
4
4
912
939
51
57
1,512
1,535
4
4
1,547
1,569
Lubricants
152
145
155
178
223
222
232
234
238
245
254
243
237
231
240
246
240
238
226
204
3
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
3
2
6
6
6
6
7
6
6
6
7
7
7
6
6
6
6
6
5
6
5
5
886
889
881
908
967
1,029
1,047
1,057
1,090
1,115
1,121
1,127
1,158
1,161
1,185
1,186
1,194
1,201
1,146
1,137
57
56
110
62
80
72
67
56
53
52
70
46
53
45
58
66
71
78
72
64
31
30
35
35
37
36
38
39
37
37
35
35
425
17
15
18
17
18
19
19
19
18
18
17
17
210
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
5
91
82
94
94
97
95
99
98
94
95
90
94
1,124
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2
33
31
36
36
38
38
38
40
37
38
36
34
435
17
15
17
18
18
19
18
19
17
17
17
17
209
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2
(s)
(s)
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
5
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
33
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2
32
31
35
35
37
37
38
38
36
38
358
16
16
17
16
18
19
18
18
17
17
172
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2
32
31
2
2
365
355
175
176
2
2

f Emissions from energy consumption (for electricity and a small amount of
g Excludes emissions from biomass energy consumption. See Table 12.7.
h Beginning in 1978, the small amounts of coal consumed for transportation are
reported as industrial sector consumption.
164
Retail
Electricityf
LPGd
Motor
Gasolinee
Residual
Fuel Oil
Total
(s)=Less than 0.5 million metric tons.

See "Section 12
Table 12.6 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Energy Consumption: Electric Power Sector
Petroleum
Coal
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Natural
Gasb
Distillate
Fuel Oilc
Petroleum
Coke
Residual
Fuel Oil
Total
Geothermal
NonBiomass
Wasted
Totale
............................
............................
............................
............................
............................
............................
............................
............................
............................
............................
............................
............................
............................
............................
............................
............................
............................
............................
............................
............................
812
824
1,137
1,367
1,548
1,661
1,752
1,797
1,828
1,836
1,927
1,870
1,890
1,931
1,943
1,984
1,954
1,987
1,959
1,741
199
172
200
166
176
228
205
219
248
260
281
290
306
278
297
319
338
372
362
373
20
17
12
6
7
8
8
8
10
10
13
12
9
12
8
8
5
7
5
5
2
(s)
1
1
3
8
8
10
13
11
10
11
18
18
23
25
22
17
16
14
254
231
194
79
92
45
50
56
82
76
69
79
52
69
69
69
28
31
19
14
276
248
207
86
102
61
66
75
105
97
91
102
79
98
100
102
56
55
40
34
NA
NA
NA
NA
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
NA
NA
NA
NA
6
10
10
10
10
10
10
11
13
11
11
11
12
11
12
11
1,286
1,244
1,544
1,619
1,831
1,960
2,033
2,101
2,192
2,204
2,310
2,273
2,288
2,319
2,352
2,417
2,359
2,426
2,374
2,159
2010 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
November ....................
December ....................
Total ............................
170
150
143
125
142
163
177
177
148
132
136
165
1,828
30
26
25
25
30
38
48
51
38
31
27
31
399
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
6
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
15
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
12
4
2
2
2
3
4
4
3
2
2
2
3
33
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
11
204
179
171
154
176
206
231
232
189
166
166
200
2,271
2011 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
November ....................
December ....................
Total ............................
166
136
134
124
135
155
174
170
141
128
124
136
1,723
29
26
26
28
31
38
51
50
37
31
29
33
409
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
5
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
15
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
7
3
2
3
2
2
2
3
2
2
2
2
2
27
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
11
200
165
163
155
169
196
228
223
181
162
155
172
2,170
2012 January ........................

February ......................
March ...........................
April .............................
May ..............................
June .............................
July ..............................
August .........................
September ...................
October ........................
10-Month Total ...........
131
116
106
96
116
132
160
153
128
123
1,260
35
35
37
39
44
48
59
54
44
36
431
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
3
1
1
1
(s)
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
1
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
1
1
(s)
(s)
5
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
16
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9
169
153
145
137
163
183
222
210
174
162
1,716
2011 10-Month Total ...........

2010 10-Month Total ...........
1,464
1,526
347
342
4
5
13
13
6
11
23
28
(s)
(s)
9
9
1,843
1,906

d Municipal solid waste from non-biogenic sources, and tire-derived fuels.
e Excludes emissions from biomass energy consumption. See Table 12.7.
NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.5 million metric tons.

165
Table 12.7 Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Biomass Energy Consumption

By Source
Woodb
1973 Total
1975 Total
1980 Total
1985 Total
1990 Total
1995 Total
1996 Total
1997 Total
1998 Total
1999 Total
2000 Total
2001 Total
2002 Total
2003 Total
2004 Total
2005 Total
2006 Total
2007 Total
2008 Total
2009 Total
Biomass
Wastec
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
143
140
232
252
208
222
229
222
205
208
212
188
187
188
199
200
197
194
191
177
(s)
(s)
(s)
14
24
30
32
30
30
29
27
33
36
36
35
37
36
37
40
41
2010 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
November ..............
December ..............
Total ......................
16
14
16
15
15
15
16
16
16
16
15
16
186
2011 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
November ..............
December ..............
Total ......................
Fuel
Ethanold
NA
NA
NA
By Sector
Biodiesel
Total
Residential
Commerciale
Industrialf
3
4
8
6
7
8
8
9
10
12
16
20
23
31
39
55
62
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
2
3
3
3
143
141
232
270
237
260
266
259
242
245
248
231
235
240
255
261
266
274
289
284
33
40
80
95
54
49
51
40
36
37
39
35
36
38
38
40
36
38
42
40
1
1
2
2
8
9
10
10
9
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
9
9
10
10
109
100
150
168
147
166
170
172
160
161
161
147
144
141
151
150
151
146
140
128
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
43
6
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
73
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
2
25
23
25
25
25
25
26
26
25
26
25
27
304
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
39
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
17
15
16
15
15
16
16
16
16
16
16
17
189
4
3
4
3
3
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
43
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
6
6
6
6
73
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
26
24
26
25
25
26
27
27
26
26
26
28
313
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
40
2012 January ..................

February ................
March .....................
April .......................
May ........................
June .......................
July ........................
August ...................
September .............
October ..................
16
15
15
14
16
15
16
16
15
15
155
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
4
3
4
35
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
6
6
61
(s)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
7
26
25
26
25
27
26
27
27
25
26
258

157
155
35
35
61
60
6
2
259
252

b Wood and wood-derived fuels.
c Municipal solid waste from biogenic sources, landfill gas, sludge waste,
d Fuel ethanol minus denaturant.
e Commercial sector, including commercial combined-heat-and-power (CHP)
and commercial electricity-only plants.
f Industrial sector, including industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and
industrial electricity-only plants.
g The
electric
power
sector
comprises
electricity-only
and
primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public.
166
Transportation
NA
NA
NA
Electric
Powerg
Total
3
4
8
6
7
8
8
9
10
12
16
20
23
33
41
57
64
(s)
(s)
(s)
1
23
28
30
30
30
30
29
31
35
37
36
37
38
39
40
41
143
141
232
270
237
260
266
259
242
245
248
231
235
240
255
261
266
274
289
284
12
11
12
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
12
12
139
6
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
74
4
3
4
3
3
4
4
4
3
3
4
4
42
25
23
25
25
25
25
26
26
25
26
25
27
304
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
11
12
11
12
11
11
12
12
12
12
12
12
13
142
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
80
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
3
3
3
4
40
26
24
26
25
25
26
27
27
26
26
26
28
313
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
34
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9
12
11
11
11
12
11
12
12
11
12
116
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
7
67
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
3
3
3
33
26
25
26
25
27
26
27
27
25
26
258
34
33
9
9
117
115
66
61
33
35
259
252
NA=Not available. (s)=Less than 0.5 million metric tons.

Notes: Carbon dioxide emissions from biomass energy consumption are
excluded from the energy-related carbon dioxide emissions reported in Tables
12.112.6. See Note 2, "Accounting for Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Biomass
Energy Combustion," at end of section. Data are estimates. See "Section 12
Environment
Note 1. Emissions of Carbon Dioxide and Other Greenhouse Gases. Greenhouse gases are those gasessuch as
water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, nitrous oxide,
hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and
sulfur hexafluoridethat are transparent to solar (shortwave) radiation but opaque to long-wave (infrared) radiation,
thus preventing long-wave radiant energy from leaving
Earth's atmosphere. The net effect is a trapping of absorbed
radiation and a tendency to warm the planet's surface.
Energy-related carbon dioxide emissions account for about
98 percent of U.S. CO2 emissions. The vast majority of CO2
emissions come from fossil fuel combustion, with smaller
amounts from the nonfuel use of fossil fuels, as well as from
electricity generation using geothermal energy and nonbiomass waste. Other sources of CO2 emissions include
industrial processes, such as cement and limestone production. Data in the U.S. Energy Information Administrations
(EIA) Monthly Energy Review (MER) Tables 12.112.6 are
estimates for U.S. CO2 emissions from energy consumption,
including the nonfuel use of fossil fuels (excluded are estimates for CO2 emissions from biomass energy consumption,
which appear in Table 12.7).
For annual U.S. estimates for emissions of CO2 from all
sources, as well as for emissions of other greenhouse gases,
see EIAs Emissions of Greenhouse Gases Report at
http://www.eia.gov/environment/emissions/ghg_report/.
Note 2. Accounting for Carbon Dioxide Emissions From
Biomass Energy Combustion. Carbon dioxide (CO2)
emissions from the combustion of biomass to produce
energy are excluded from the energy-related CO2 emissions
reported in MER Tables 12.112.6, but appear in Table
12.7. According to current international convention (see the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Changes 2006 IPCC
Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories),
carbon released through biomass combustion is excluded
from reported energy-related emissions. The release of
carbon from biomass combustion is assumed to be balanced
by the uptake of carbon when the feedstock is grown, resulting
in zero net emissions over some period of time. (This is not to
say that biomass energy is carbon-neutral. Energy inputs are
required in order to grow, fertilize, and harvest the feedstock
and to produce and process the biomass into fuels.)
However, analysts have debated whether increased use of
biomass energy may result in a decline in terrestrial carbon
stocks, leading to a net positive release of carbon rather than
the zero net release assumed by its exclusion from reported
energy-related emissions. For example, the clearing of
forests for biofuel crops could result in an initial release of
carbon that is not fully recaptured in subsequent use of the
land for agriculture.
To reflect the potential net emissions, the international
convention for greenhouse gas inventories is to report
biomass emissions in the category agriculture, forestry, and

other land use, usually based on estimates of net changes in
carbon stocks over time.
This indirect accounting of CO2 emissions from biomass can
potentially lead to confusion in accounting for and understanding the flow of CO2 emissions within energy and nonenergy systems. In recognition of this issue, reporting of
CO2 emissions from biomass combustion alongside other
energy-related CO2 emissions offers an alternative accounting treatment. It is important, however, to avoid misinterpreting emissions from fossil energy and biomass energy
sources as necessarily additive. Instead, the combined total
of direct CO2 emissions from biomass and energy-related
CO2 emissions implicitly assumes that none of the carbon
emitted was previously or subsequently reabsorbed in terrestrial sinks or that other emissions sources offset any such
sequestration.
Section 12 Methodology and Sources

To estimate carbon dioxide emissions from energy consumption for the Monthly Energy Review (MER), Tables 12.112.7,
the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) uses the
following methodology and sources:
Step 1. Determine Fuel Consumption
CoalCoal sectoral (residential, commercial, coke plants,
other industrial, transportation, electric power) consumption
data in thousand short tons are from MER Table 6.2. Coal
sectoral consumption data are converted to trillion Btu by
multiplying by the coal heat content factors in MER Table
A5.
Coal Coke Net ImportsCoal coke net imports data in trillion Btu are derived from coal coke imports and exports data
in MER Tables 1.4a and 1.4b.
Natural Gas (excluding supplemental gaseous fuels)Natural gas sectoral consumption data in trillion Btu are from
MER Tables 2.22.6.
PetroleumTotal and sectoral consumption (product
supplied) data in thousand barrels per day for asphalt and
road oil, aviation gasoline, distillate fuel oil, jet fuel, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gases (LPG), lubricants, motor
gasoline, petroleum coke, and residual fuel oil are from
MER Tables 3.5 and 3.7a3.7c. For the component products of LPG (ethane/ethylene, propane/propylene, normal
butane/butylene, and isobutane/isobutylene) and other
petroleum (aviation gasoline blending components, crude
oil, motor gasoline blending components, naphthas for
petrochemical feedstock use, other oils for petrochemical
feedstock use, pentanes plus, special naphthas, still gas,
unfinished oils, waxes, and miscellaneous petroleum products), consumption (product supplied) data in thousand
barrels per day are from EIAs Petroleum Supply Annual
(PSA), Petroleum Supply Monthly (PSM), and earlier
167
publications (see sources for MER Table 3.5). Petroleum

consumption data by product are converted to trillion Btu by
multiplying by the petroleum heat content factors in MER
Table A1 (Table A3 for motor gasoline).
BiomassSectoral consumption data in trillion Btu for
wood, biomass waste, fuel ethanol (minus denaturant), and
biodiesel are from MER Tables 10.2a10.2c.
Step 2. Remove Biofuels From Petroleum
Distillate Fuel OilBeginning in 2009, the distillate fuel
oil data (for total and transportation sector) in Step 1
include biodiesel, a non-fossil renewable fuel. To remove
the biodiesel portion from distillate fuel oil, data in thousand barrels per day for refinery and blender net inputs of
renewable diesel fuel (from the PSA/PSM) are converted
to trillion Btu by multiplying by the biodiesel heat content
factor in MER Table A3, and then subtracted from the
distillate fuel oil consumption values.
Motor GasolineBeginning in 1993, the motor gasoline
data (for total, commercial sector, industrial sector, and
transportation sector) in Step 1 include fuel ethanol, a nonfossil renewable fuel. To remove the fuel ethanol portion
from motor gasoline, data in trillion Btu for fuel ethanol
consumption (from MER Tables 10.2a, 10.2b, and 10.3)
are subtracted from the motor gasoline consumption
values. (Note that about 2 percent of fuel ethanol is fossilbased petroleum denaturant, to make the fuel ethanol
undrinkable. For 19932008, petroleum denaturant is
double counted in the PSA product supplied statistics, in
both the original product categorye.g., pentanes
plusand also in the finished motor gasoline category; for
this time period for MER Section 12, petroleum denaturant
is removed along with the fuel ethanol from motor gasoline, but left in the original product. Beginning in 2009,
petroleum denaturant is counted only in the PSA/PSM
product supplied statistics for motor gasoline; for this time
period for MER Section 12, petroleum denaturant is left in
motor gasoline.)
Step 3. Remove Carbon Sequestered by Nonfuel Use
The following fuels have industrial nonfuel uses as chemical feedstocks and other products: coal, natural gas, asphalt
and road oil, distillate fuel oil, liquefied petroleum gases
(ethane/ethylene, propane/propylene, normal butane/butylene, and isobutane/isobutylene), lubricants (which have
industrial and transportation nonfuel uses), naphthas for
petrochemical feedstock use, other oils for petrochemical
feedstock use, pentanes plus, petroleum coke, residual fuel
oil, special naphthas, still gas, waxes, and miscellaneous
petroleum products. In the nonfuel use of these fuels, some
of the carbon is sequestered, and is thus subtracted from the
fuel consumption values in Steps 1 and 2.
Estimates of annual nonfuel use and associated carbon
sequestration are developed by EIA using the methodology
168
detailed in Documentation for Emissions of Greenhouse

Gases
in
the
United
States
2008
at
http://www.eia.gov/oiaf/1605/ggrpt/documentation/pdf/0638(2006).pdf.
To obtain monthly estimates of nonfuel use and associated

carbon sequestration, monthly patterns for industrial
consumption and product supplied data series are used. For
coal nonfuel use, the monthly pattern for coke plants coal
consumption from MER Table 6.2 is used. For natural gas,
the monthly pattern for other industrial non-CHP natural gas
consumption from MER Table 4.3 is used. For distillate
fuel oil, petroleum coke, and residual fuel oil, the monthly
patterns for industrial consumption from MER Table 3.7b
are used. For the other petroleum products, the monthly
patterns for product supplied from the PSA and PSM are
used.
Step 4. Determine Carbon Dioxide Emissions From
Energy Consumption
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions data in million metric tons
are calculated by multiplying consumption values in trillion
Btu from Steps 1 and 2 (minus the carbon sequestered in
nonfuel use in Step 3) by the CO2 emissions factors at
http://www.eia.gov/oiaf/1605/ggrpt/excel/CO2_coeffs_09_v2.xls.
Beginning in 2010, the 2009 factors are used.
CoalCO2 emissions for coal are calculated for each sector
(residential, commercial, coke plants, other industrial, transportation, electric power). Total coal emissions are the sum
of the sectoral coal emissions.
Coal Coke Net ImportsCO2 emissions for coal coke net
imports are calculated.
Natural GasCO2 emissions for natural gas are calculated
for each sector (residential, commercial, industrial, transportation, electric power). Total natural gas emissions are the
sum of the sectoral natural gas emissions.
PetroleumCO2 emissions are calculated for each petroleum
product. Total petroleum emissions are the sum of the product
emissions. Total LPG emissions are the sum of the emissions
for the component products (ethane/ethylene, propane/propylene, normal butane/butylene, and isobutane/isobutylene); residential, commercial, and transportation sector LPG emissions
are estimated by multiplying consumption values in trillion
Btu from MER Tables 3.8a and 3.8c by the propane emissions factor; industrial sector LPG emissions are estimated as
total LPG emissions minus emissions by the other sectors.
Geothermal and Non-Biomass WasteAnnual CO2 emissions data for geothermal and non-biomass waste are EIA
estimates based on Form EIA-923, Power Plant Operations Report (and predecessor forms). Monthly estimates
are created by dividing the annual data by the number of
days in the year and then multiplying by the number of
days in the month. (Annual estimates for the current year
are set equal to those of the previous year.)
BiomassCO2 emissions for wood, biomass waste, fuel

ethanol (minus denaturant), and biodiesel are calculated for
each sector. Total emissions for each biomass fuel are the
sum of the sectoral emissions. The following factors, in
million metric tons CO2 per quadrillion Btu, are used: wood
93.80; biomass waste90.70; fuel ethanol68.44; and
biodiesel73.84. For 19731988, the biomass portion
of waste in MER Tables 10.2a10.2c is estimated as 67

percent; for 19892000, the biomass portion of waste is estimated as 67 percent in 1989 to 58 percent in 2000, based on
the biogenic shares of total municipal solid waste shown in
EIAs Methodolology for Allocating Municipal Solid
Waste to Biogenic and Non-Biogenic Energy, Table 1 at
http://www.eia.gov/cneaf/solar.renewables/page/mswaste/msw.pdf.
169
Appendix A
British Thermal Unit Conversion Factors
The thermal conversion factors presented in the following
tables can be used to estimate the heat content in British
thermal units (Btu) of a given amount of energy measured
in physical units, such as barrels or cubic feet. For
example, 10 barrels of asphalt has a heat content of
approximately 66.36 million Btu (10 barrels x 6.636 million
Btu per barrel = 66.36 million Btu).
The heat content rates (i.e., thermal conversion factors)
provided in this section represent the gross (or higher or
upper) energy content of the fuels. Gross heat content rates
are applied in all Btu calculations for the Monthly Energy
Review and are commonly used in energy calculations in
the United States; net (or lower) heat content rates are
typically used in European energy calculations. The difference between the two rates is the amount of energy that is
consumed to vaporize water that is created during the
combustion process. Generally, the difference ranges from
2 percent to 10 percent, depending on the specific fuel and
its hydrogen content. Some fuels, such as unseasoned
wood, can be more than 40 percent different in their gross
and net heat content rates.

See Heat Content and
British Thermal Unit (Btu) in the Glossary for more
information.
Thermal conversion factors for hydrocarbon mixes (Table
A1) are weighted averages of the thermal conversion factors
for each hydrocarbon included in the mix. For example, in
calculating the thermal conversion factor for a 60-40 butanepropane mixture, the thermal conversion factor for butane is
weighted 1.5 times the thermal conversion factor for
propane.
In general, the annual thermal conversion factors presented
in Tables A2 through A6 are computed from final annual
data or from the best available data and labeled preliminary. Often, the previous years factor is used as a
preliminary value until data become available to calculate
the factor appropriate to the year. The source of each factor
is described in the section entitled Thermal Conversion
Factor Source Documentation, which follows Table A6 in
this appendix.
Table A1. Approximate Heat Content of Petroleum Products

(Million Btu per Barrel)
Petroleum Product
Asphalt
Aviation Gasoline
Butane
Butane-Propane Mixturea
Ethane
Ethane-Propane Mixturec
Isobutane
Jet Fuel, Kerosene Type
Jet Fuel, Naphtha Type
Kerosene
Lubricants
Motor Gasolined
Conventional
Reformulated
Oxygenated
Natural Gasoline and Isopentane
Heat Content
6.636
5.048
4.326
4.130
5.825
3.082
3.308
3.974
5.670
5.355
5.670
6.065
5.253
5.150
5.150
4.620
Petroleum Product
Pentanes Plus
Petrochemical Feedstocks
Naptha Less Than 401F
Other Oils Equal to or Greater Than 401F
Still Gas
Petroleum Coke
Plant Condensate
Propane
Residual Fuel Oil
Road Oil
Special Naphthas
Still Gas
Unfinished Oils
Unfractionated Stream
Waxes
Miscellaneous
Heat Content
4.620
5.248
5.825
6.000
6.024
5.418
3.836
6.287
6.636
5.248
6.000
5.825
5.418
5.537
5.796
60 percent butane and 40 percent propane.

Does not include biodiesel. See Table A3 for biodiesel heat contents.
c
70 percent ethane and 30 percent propane.
d
See Table A3 for motor gasoline weighted heat contents beginning in 1994, and for fuel ethanol heat contents.
Note: The values in this table are for gross heat contents. See "Heat Content" in Glossary.
Web Page: http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#appendices.
Sources: See Thermal Conversion Factor Source Documentation, which follows Table A6.
a
b
171
Table A2. Approximate Heat Content of Petroleum Production, Imports, and Exports
Production
1973 ................................
1974 ................................
1975 ................................
1976 ................................
1977 ................................
1978 ................................
1979 ................................
1980 ................................
1981 ................................
1982 ................................
1983 ................................
1984 ................................
1985 ................................
1986 ................................
1987 ................................
1988 ................................
1989 ................................
1990 ................................
1991 ................................
1992 ................................
1993 ................................
1994 ................................
1995 ................................
1996 ................................
1997 ................................
1998 ................................
1999 ................................
2000 ................................
2001 ................................
2002 ................................
2003 ................................
2004 ................................
2005 ................................
2006 ................................
2007 ................................
2008 ................................
2009 ................................
2010 ................................
2011 ................................
2012E .............................
Imports
Exports
Crude
Oila
Natural Gas
Plant Liquids
Crude
Oila
Petroleum
Products
Total
Crude
Oila
Petroleum
Products
Total
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
4.049
4.011
3.984
3.964
3.941
3.925
3.955
3.914
3.930
3.872
3.839
3.812
3.815
3.797
3.804
3.800
3.826
3.822
3.807
3.804
3.801
3.794
3.796
3.777
3.762
3.769
3.744
3.733
3.735
3.729
3.739
3.724
3.724
3.712
3.701
3.706
3.692
3.674
3.672
3.672
5.817
5.827
5.821
5.808
5.810
5.802
5.810
5.812
5.818
5.826
5.825
5.823
5.832
5.903
5.901
5.900
5.906
5.934
5.948
5.953
5.954
5.950
5.938
5.947
5.954
5.953
5.942
5.959
5.976
5.971
5.970
5.981
5.977
5.980
5.985
5.990
5.988
5.989
6.008
6.008
5.983
5.959
5.935
5.980
5.908
5.955
5.811
5.748
5.659
5.664
5.677
5.613
5.572
5.624
5.599
5.618
5.641
5.614
5.636
5.623
5.620
5.534
5.483
5.468
5.469
5.462
5.421
5.432
5.443
5.451
5.438
5.475
5.474
5.454
5.503
5.479
5.525
5.557
5.507
5.507
5.897
5.884
5.858
5.856
5.834
5.839
5.810
5.796
5.775
5.775
5.774
5.745
5.736
5.808
5.820
5.820
5.833
5.849
5.873
5.877
5.883
5.861
5.855
5.847
5.862
5.861
5.840
5.849
5.862
5.863
5.857
5.863
5.845
5.842
5.862
5.866
5.882
5.894
5.896
5.896
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.800
5.752
5.773
5.747
5.743
5.796
5.814
5.864
5.841
5.837
5.829
5.800
5.867
5.819
5.839
5.860
5.842
5.869
5.838
5.827
5.774
5.777
5.777
5.740
5.728
5.726
5.710
5.684
5.651
5.751
5.687
5.739
5.753
5.741
5.723
5.749
5.762
5.737
5.670
5.596
5.596
5.752
5.774
5.748
5.745
5.797
5.808
5.832
5.820
5.821
5.820
5.800
5.850
5.814
5.832
5.858
5.840
5.857
5.833
5.823
5.777
5.779
5.779
5.746
5.736
5.734
5.720
5.699
5.658
5.752
5.688
5.740
5.754
5.743
5.724
5.750
5.762
5.738
5.672
5.599
5.599

E=Estimate.
Sources: See "Thermal Conversion Factor Source Documentation," which follows Table A6.
172
Table A3.
Approximate Heat Content of Petroleum Consumption and Biofuels Production

Total Petroleuma Consumption by Sector
Residential
1973 ....................
1974 ....................
1975 ....................
1976 ....................
1977 ....................
1978 ....................
1979 ....................
1980 ....................
1981 ....................
1982 ....................
1983 ....................
1984 ....................
1985 ....................
1986 ....................
1987 ....................
1988 ....................
1989 ....................
1990 ....................
1991 ....................
1992 ....................
1993 ....................
1994 ....................
1995 ....................
1996 ....................
1997 ....................
1998 ....................
1999 ....................
2000 ....................
2001 ....................
2002 ....................
2003 ....................
2004 ....................
2005 ....................
2006 ....................
2007 ....................
2008 ....................
2009 ....................
2010 ....................
2011 ....................
2012 ....................
5.258
5.253
5.253
5.277
5.285
5.287
5.365
5.321
5.283
5.266
5.140
5.307
5.263
5.268
5.239
5.257
5.194
5.145
5.094
5.124
5.102
5.098
5.063
4.998
4.989
4.975
4.902
4.908
4.937
4.886
4.907
4.953
4.916
4.894
4.850
4.732
4.691
4.692
E 4.676
E 4.676
Commercialb
5.689
5.683
5.649
5.672
5.682
5.665
5.717
5.751
5.693
5.698
5.591
5.657
5.598
5.632
5.594
5.597
5.549
5.553
5.528
5.513
b5.505
5.515
5.478
5.433
5.391
5.365
5.291
5.316
5.325
5.293
5.307
5.328
5.364
5.310
5.298
5.175
5.266
5.263
E 5.243
E 5.243
Industrialb
5.557
5.525
5.513
5.523
5.539
5.536
5.409
5.366
5.299
5.247
5.254
5.207
5.199
5.269
5.233
5.228
5.219
5.253
5.167
5.168
b5.178
5.150
5.121
5.114
5.120
5.137
5.092
5.057
5.142
5.093
5.142
5.144
5.178
5.160
5.127
5.149
5.018
4.988
E 4.952
E 4.952
TransElectric
portationb,c Powerd,e
5.396
5.394
5.392
5.396
5.401
5.405
5.429
5.441
5.433
5.423
5.416
5.418
5.423
5.426
5.429
5.433
5.438
5.442
5.441
5.443
b5.436
5.424
5.417
5.420
5.416
5.413
5.413
5.422
5.412
5.411
5.409
5.421
5.427
5.431
5.434
5.426
c5.414
5.421
E 5.424
E 5.424
6.245
6.238
6.250
6.251
6.249
6.251
6.258
6.254
6.258
6.258
6.255
6.251
6.247
6.257
6.249
6.250
d6.240
6.244
6.246
6.238
6.230
6.213
6.188
6.195
6.199
6.210
6.205
6.189
6.199
6.173
6.182
6.192
6.188
6.143
6.151
6.123
6.105
6.084
6.058
E 6.058
Totalb,c
5.515
5.504
5.494
5.504
5.518
5.519
5.494
5.479
5.448
5.415
5.406
5.395
5.387
5.418
5.403
5.410
5.410
5.411
5.384
5.378
b5.379
5.361
5.341
5.336
5.336
5.349
5.328
5.326
5.345
5.324
5.340
5.350
5.365
5.353
5.346
5.339
c5.301
5.297
5.286
E 5.286
Liquefied
Petroleum
Gases
Consumptionf
3.746
3.730
3.715
3.711
3.677
3.669
3.680
3.674
3.643
3.615
3.614
3.599
3.603
3.640
3.659
3.652
3.683
3.625
3.614
3.624
3.606
3.635
3.623
3.613
3.616
3.614
3.616
3.607
3.614
3.613
3.629
3.618
3.620
3.605
3.591
3.600
3.558
3.557
3.541
E 3.541
Motor
Gasoline
Consumptiong
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.253
5.230
5.215
5.216
5.213
5.212
5.211
5.210
5.210
5.208
5.207
5.215
5.218
5.218
5.219
5.218
5.218
5.218
5.218
E 5.218
Fuel
Ethanolh
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.563
3.561
3.560
E 3.560
Fuel
Ethanol
Feedstock
Factori
Biodiesel
Biodiesel
Feedstock
Factorj
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
6.586
6.562
6.539
6.515
6.492
6.469
6.446
6.423
6.400
6.377
6.355
6.332
6.309
6.287
6.264
6.242
6.220
6.198
6.176
6.167
6.159
6.151
6.143
6.116
6.089
6.063
6.036
6.009
5.983
5.957
5.931
5.905
5.880
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
5.359
5.359
5.359
5.359
5.359
5.359
5.359
5.359
5.359
5.359
5.359
5.359
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
5.433
5.433
5.433
5.433
5.433
5.433
5.433
5.433
5.433
5.433
5.433
5.433
a Petroleum products supplied, including natural gas plant liquids and crude oil burned directly as fuel. Quantity-weighted averages of the petroleum products included in
each category are calculated by using heat content values shown in Table A1.
b Beginning in 1993, includes fuel ethanol blended into motor gasoline.
c Beginning in 2009, includes renewable diesel fuel (including biodiesel) blended into distillate fuel oil.
d Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the
public. Through 1988, data are for electric utilities only; beginning in 1989, data are for electric utilities and independent power producers.
e Electric power sector factors are weighted average heat contents for distillate fuel oil, petroleum coke, and residual fuel oil; they exclude other liquids.
f Quantity-weighted averages of the major components of liquefied petroleum gases are calculated by using heat content values shown in Table A1.
g There is a discontinuity in this time series between 1993 and 1994; beginning in 1994, the single constant factor is replaced by a quantity-weighted
factorquantity-weighted averages of the major components of motor gasoline, including fuel ethanol, are calculated by using heat content values shown in Table A1.
h Includes denaturant (petroleum added to ethanol to make it undrinkable). Fuel ethanol factors are weighted average heat contents for undenatured ethanol (3.539
million Btu per barrel), pentanes plus used as denaturant (4.620 million Btu per barrel), and conventional motor gasoline and motor gasoline blending components used as
denaturant (5.253 million Btu per barrel). The factor for 2009 is used as the estimated factor for 1980-2008.
i Corn input to the production of undenatured ethanol (million Btu corn per barrel undenatured ethanol), used as the factor to estimate total biomass inputs to the
production of undenatured ethanol. Observed ethanol yields (gallons undenatured ethanol per bushel of corn) are 2.5 in 1980, 2.666 in 1998, 2.68 in 2002, and 2.764 in
2009; yields in other years are estimated. Corn is assumed to have a gross heat content of 0.392 million Btu per bushel. Undenatured ethanol is assumed to have a gross
heat content of 3.539 million Btu per barrel.
j Soybean oil input to the production of biodiesel (million Btu soybean oil per barrel biodiesel), used as the factor to estimate total biomass inputs to the production of
biodiesel. It is assumed that 7.65 pounds of soybean oil are needed to produce one gallon of biodiesel, and 5.433 million Btu of soybean oil are needed to produce one
barrel of biodiesel. Soybean oil is assumed to have a gross heat content of 16,909 Btu per pound, or 5.483 million Btu per barrel. Biodiesel is assumed to have a gross heat
content of 17,253 Btu per pound, or 5.359 million Btu per barrel.
E=Estimate. NA=Not available.
Note: The heat content values in this table are for gross heat contents. See "Heat Content" in Glossary.
173
Table A4. Approximate Heat Content of Natural Gas

(Btu per Cubic Foot)
Consumptiona
Production
Marketed
1973 ............................
1974 ............................
1975 ............................
1976 ............................
1977 ............................
1978 ............................
1979 ............................
1980 ............................
1981 ............................
1982 ............................
1983 ............................
1984 ............................
1985 ............................
1986 ............................
1987 ............................
1988 ............................
1989 ............................
1990 ............................
1991 ............................
1992 ............................
1993 ............................
1994 ............................
1995 ............................
1996 ............................
1997 ............................
1998 ............................
1999 ............................
2000 ............................
2001 ............................
2002 ............................
2003 ............................
2004 ............................
2005 ............................
2006 ............................
2007 ............................
2008 ............................
2009 ............................
2010 ............................
2011 ............................
2012 ............................
1,093
1,097
1,095
1,093
1,093
1,088
1,092
1,098
1,103
1,107
1,115
1,109
1,112
1,110
1,112
1,109
1,107
1,105
1,108
1,110
1,106
1,105
1,106
1,109
1,107
1,109
1,107
1,107
1,105
1,103
1,103
1,104
1,104
1,103
1,102
1,100
1,101
R 1,098
R 1,094
RE 1,094
Dry
1,021
1,024
1,021
1,020
1,021
1,019
1,021
1,026
1,027
1,028
1,031
1,031
1,032
1,030
1,031
1,029
1,031
1,029
1,030
1,030
1,027
1,028
1,026
1,026
1,026
1,031
1,027
1,025
1,028
1,024
1,028
1,026
1,028
1,028
1,027
1,027
1,025
1,023
1,022
E 1,022
End-Use
Sectorsb
1,020
1,024
1,020
1,019
1,019
1,016
1,018
1,024
1,025
1,026
1,031
1,030
1,031
1,029
1,031
1,029
1,031
1,030
1,031
1,031
1,028
1,029
1,027
1,027
1,027
1,033
1,028
1,026
1,029
1,025
1,029
1,026
1,028
1,028
1,027
1,027
1,025
1,023
R 1,022
RE 1,022
Electric Power
Sectorc
1,024
1,022
1,026
1,023
1,029
1,034
1,035
1,035
1,035
1,036
1,030
1,035
1,038
1,034
1,032
1,028
c1,028
1,027
1,025
1,025
1,025
1,025
1,021
1,020
1,020
1,024
1,022
1,021
1,026
1,020
1,025
1,027
1,028
1,028
1,027
1,027
1,025
1,022
1,021
E 1,021
Total
1,021
1,024
1,021
1,020
1,021
1,019
1,021
1,026
1,027
1,028
1,031
1,031
1,032
1,030
1,031
1,029
1,031
1,029
1,030
1,030
1,027
1,028
1,026
1,026
1,026
1,031
1,027
1,025
1,028
1,024
1,028
1,026
1,028
1,028
1,027
1,027
1,025
1,023
1,022
E 1,022
Imports
Exports
1,026
1,027
1,026
1,025
1,026
1,030
1,037
1,022
1,014
1,018
1,024
1,005
1,002
997
999
1,002
1,004
1,012
1,014
1,011
1,020
1,022
1,021
1,022
1,023
1,023
1,022
1,023
1,023
1,022
1,025
1,025
1,025
1,025
1,025
1,025
1,025
1,025
1,025
E 1,025
1,023
1,016
1,014
1,013
1,013
1,013
1,013
1,013
1,011
1,011
1,010
1,010
1,011
1,008
1,011
1,018
1,019
1,018
1,022
1,018
1,016
1,011
1,011
1,011
1,011
1,011
1,006
1,006
1,010
1,008
1,009
1,009
1,009
1,009
1,009
1,009
1,009
1,009
1,009
E 1,009
a Consumption factors are for natural gas, plus a small amount of supplemental gaseous fuels.
b Residential, commercial, industrial, and transportation sectors.
c Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the
R=Revised. E=Estimate.
174
Table A5. Approximate Heat Content of Coal and Coal Coke

(Million Btu per Short Ton)
Coal
Coal Coke
Consumption
Productiona
1973 ........................
1974 ........................
1975 ........................
1976 ........................
1977 ........................
1978 ........................
1979 ........................
1980 ........................
1981 ........................
1982 ........................
1983 ........................
1984 ........................
1985 ........................
1986 ........................
1987 ........................
1988 ........................
1989 ........................
1990 ........................
1991 ........................
1992 ........................
1993 ........................
1994 ........................
1995 ........................
1996 ........................
1997 ........................
1998 ........................
1999 ........................
2000 ........................
2001 ........................
2002 ........................
2003 ........................
2004 ........................
2005 ........................
2006 ........................
2007 ........................
2008 ........................
2009 .......................
2010 ........................
2011 ........................
2012 ........................
23.376
23.072
22.897
22.855
22.597
22.248
22.454
22.415
22.308
22.239
22.052
22.010
21.870
21.913
21.922
21.823
21.765
21.822
21.681
21.682
21.418
21.394
21.326
21.322
21.296
21.418
21.070
21.072
a20.772
20.673
20.499
20.424
20.348
20.310
20.340
20.208
19.963
20.173
20.142
E 20.142
Waste
Coal
Suppliedb
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
b10.391
9.303
10.758
10.396
10.638
11.097
11.722
12.147
12.158
12.639
12.552
12.360
12.169
12.165
12.360
12.266
12.093
12.080
12.090
12.121
12.076
11.960
11.604
E 11.604
Residential
and
Commercial
Sectors
22.831
22.479
22.261
22.774
22.919
22.466
22.242
22.543
22.474
22.695
22.775
22.844
22.646
22.947
23.404
23.571
23.650
23.137
23.114
23.105
22.994
23.112
23.118
23.011
22.494
21.620
23.880
25.020
24.909
22.962
22.242
22.324
22.342
22.066
22.069
21.887
22.059
21.826
21.179
E 21.179
Industrial Sector
Coke Plants
26.780
26.778
26.782
26.781
26.787
26.789
26.788
26.790
26.794
26.797
26.798
26.799
26.798
26.798
26.799
26.799
26.800
26.799
26.799
26.799
26.800
26.800
26.800
26.800
26.800
27.426
27.426
27.426
27.426
27.426
27.425
27.426
26.279
26.271
26.329
26.281
26.334
26.296
26.300
E 26.300
Otherc
22.586
22.419
22.436
22.530
22.322
22.207
22.452
22.690
22.585
22.712
22.691
22.543
22.020
22.198
22.381
22.360
22.347
22.457
22.460
22.250
22.123
22.068
21.950
22.105
22.172
23.164
22.489
22.433
22.622
22.562
22.468
22.473
22.178
22.050
22.371
22.348
21.893
21.005
21.738
E 21.738
Electric
Power
Sectord,e
22.246
21.781
21.642
21.679
21.508
21.275
21.364
21.295
21.085
21.194
21.133
21.101
20.959
21.084
21.136
20.900
d20.898
20.779
20.730
20.709
20.677
20.589
20.543
20.547
20.518
20.516
20.490
20.511
20.337
20.238
20.082
19.980
19.988
19.931
19.909
19.713
19.521
19.623
19.341
E 19.341
Total
23.057
22.677
22.506
22.498
22.265
22.017
22.100
21.947
21.713
21.674
21.576
21.573
21.366
21.462
21.517
21.328
21.307
21.197
21.120
21.068
21.010
20.929
20.880
20.870
20.830
20.881
20.818
20.828
20.671
20.541
20.387
20.290
20.246
20.181
20.168
19.977
19.742
19.829
19.605
E 19.605
Imports
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
25.000
E 25.000
Exports
26.596
26.700
26.562
26.601
26.548
26.478
26.548
26.384
26.160
26.223
26.291
26.402
26.307
26.292
26.291
26.299
26.160
26.202
26.188
26.161
26.335
26.329
26.180
26.174
26.251
26.800
26.081
26.117
25.998
26.062
25.972
26.108
25.494
25.453
25.466
25.399
25.633
25.713
25.645
E 25.645
Imports
and
Exports
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
E 24.800
a Beginning in 2001, includes a small amount of refuse recovery (coal recaptured from a refuse mine, and cleaned to reduce the concentration of noncombustible
materials).
b Waste coal (including fine coal, coal obtained from a refuse bank or slurry dam, anthracite culm, bituminous gob, and lignite waste) consumed by the electric power and
industrial sectors. Beginning in 1989, waste coal supplied is counted as a supply-side item to balance the same amount of waste coal included in "Consumption."
c Includes transportation. Excludes coal synfuel plants.
d Electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants within the NAICS 22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the
e Electric power sector factors are for anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, waste coal, and, beginning in 1998, coal synfuel.
175
Table A6. Approximate Heat Rates for Electricity, and Heat Content of Electricity
(Btu per Kilowatthour)
Approximate Heat Ratesa for Electricity Net Generation
Fossil Fuelsb
Coalc
1973 ..............................
1974 ..............................
1975 ..............................
1976 ..............................
1977 ..............................
1978 ..............................
1979 ..............................
1980 ..............................
1981 ..............................
1982 ..............................
1983 ..............................
1984 ..............................
1985 ..............................
1986 ..............................
1987 ..............................
1988 ..............................
1989 ..............................
1990 ..............................
1991 ..............................
1992 ..............................
1993 ..............................
1994 ..............................
1995 ..............................
1996 ..............................
1997 ..............................
1998 ..............................
1999 ..............................
2000 ..............................
2001 ..............................
2002 ..............................
2003 ..............................
2004 ..............................
2005 ..............................
2006 ..............................
2007 ..............................
2008 ..............................
2009 ..............................
2010 ..............................
2011 ..............................
2012 ..............................
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
10,378
10,314
10,297
10,331
10,373
10,351
10,375
10,378
10,414
10,415
10,444
E 10,444
Petroleumd
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
10,742
10,641
10,610
10,571
10,631
10,809
10,794
11,015
10,923
10,984
10,829
E 10,829
Natural
Gase
Total
Fossil Fuelsf,g
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
10,051
9,533
9,207
8,647
8,551
8,471
8,403
8,305
8,160
8,185
8,152
E 8,152
10,389
10,442
10,406
10,373
10,435
10,361
10,353
10,388
10,453
10,454
10,520
10,440
10,447
10,446
10,419
10,324
10,432
10,402
10,436
10,342
10,309
10,316
10,312
10,340
10,213
10,197
10,226
10,201
b10,333
10,173
10,125
10,016
9,999
9,919
9,884
9,854
9,760
9,756
9,716
E 9,716
Nuclearh
10,903
11,161
11,013
11,047
10,769
10,941
10,879
10,908
11,030
11,073
10,905
10,843
10,622
10,579
10,442
10,602
10,583
10,582
10,484
10,471
10,504
10,452
10,507
10,503
10,494
10,491
10,450
10,429
10,443
10,442
10,421
10,427
10,436
10,436
10,485
10,453
10,460
10,452
10,464
E 10,464
Noncombustible
Renewable
Energyg,i
Heat Contentj of
Electricityk
10,389
10,442
10,406
10,373
10,435
10,361
10,353
10,388
10,453
10,454
10,520
10,440
10,447
10,446
10,419
10,324
10,432
10,402
10,436
10,342
10,309
10,316
10,312
10,340
10,213
10,197
10,226
10,201
10,333
10,173
10,125
10,016
9,999
9,919
9,884
9,854
9,760
9,756
9,716
E 9,716
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
3,412
a The values in columns 16 of this table are for net heat rates. See "Heat Rate" in Glossary.
b Through 2000, heat rates are for fossil-fueled steam-electric plants at electric utilities. Beginning in 2001, heat rates are for all fossil-fueled plants at electric utilities and
electricity-only independent power producers.

c Includes anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, and, beginning in 2002, waste coal and coal synfuel.
d Includes distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, jet fuel, kerosene, petroleum coke, and waste oil.
e Includes natural gas and supplemental gaseous fuels.
f Includes coal, petroleum, natural gas, and, beginning in 2001, other gases (blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived from fossil
fuels).
g The fossil-fuels heat rate is used as the thermal conversion factor for electricity net generation from noncombustible renewable energy (hydro, geothermal, solar
thermal, photovoltaic, and wind) to approximate the quantity of fossil fuels replaced by these sources. Through 2000, also used as the thermal conversion factor for wood
and waste electricity net generation at electric utilities; beginning in 2001, Btu data for wood and waste at electric utilities are available from surveys.
h Used as the thermal conversion factor for nuclear electricity net generation.
i Technology-based geothermal heat rates are no longer used in Btu calculations in this report. For technology-based geothermal heat rates for 19602010, see the
Annual Energy Review 2010, Table A6.
j See "Heat Content" in Glossary.
k The value of 3,412 Btu per kilowatthour is a constant. It is used as the thermal conversion factor for electricity retail sales, and electricity imports and exports.
Sources: See "Thermal Conversion Factor Source Documentation," which follows this table.
176
Thermal Conversion Factor

Source Documentation
Ethane-Propane Mixture. EIA calculation of 3.308

million Btu per barrel based on an assumed mixture of 70
percent ethane and 30 percent propane. See Ethane and
Propane.
Approximate Heat Content of Petroleum and Natural Gas Plant Liquids
Isobutane. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines thermal

conversion factor of 3.974 million Btu per barrel as
published in the California Oil World and Petroleum
Industry, First Issue, April 1942.
Asphalt. The U.S. Energy Information Administration

(EIA) adopted the thermal conversion factor of 6.636
million British thermal units (Btu) per barrel as estimated
by the Bureau of Mines and first published in the Petroleum Statement, Annual, 1956.
Aviation Gasoline. EIA adopted the thermal conversion
factor of 5.048 million Btu per barrel as adopted by the
Bureau of Mines from the Texas Eastern Transmission
Corporation publication Competition and Growth in American Energy Markets 19471985, a 1968 release of historical and projected statistics.
Butane. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines thermal conversion factor of 4.326 million Btu per barrel as published in
the California Oil World and Petroleum Industry, First
Issue, April 1942.
Butane-Propane Mixture. EIA adopted the Bureau of
Mines calculation of 4.130 million Btu per barrel based on
an assumed mixture of 60 percent butane and 40 percent
propane. See Butane and Propane.
Crude Oil Exports. Assumed by EIA to be 5.800 million
Btu per barrel or equal to the thermal conversion factor for
crude oil produced in the United States. See Crude Oil
Production.
Crude Oil Imports. Calculated annually by EIA as the
average of the thermal conversion factors for each type of
crude oil imported weighted by the quantities imported.
Thermal conversion factors for each type were calculated
on a foreign country basis, by determining the average
American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity of crude oil
imported from each foreign country from Form ERA-60 in
1977 and converting average API gravity to average Btu
content by using National Bureau of Standards, Miscellaneous Publication No. 97, Thermal Properties of Petroleum
Products, 1933.
Crude Oil Production. EIA adopted the thermal conversion factor of 5.800 million Btu per barrel as reported in a
Bureau of Mines internal memorandum, Bureau of Mines
Standard Average Heating Values of Various Fuels,
Adopted January 3, 1950.
Distillate Fuel Oil. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines
thermal conversion factor of 5.825 million Btu per barrel as
reported in a Bureau of Mines internal memorandum,
Bureau of Mines Standard Average Heating Values of
Various Fuels, Adopted January 3, 1950.
Ethane. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines thermal conversion factor of 3.082 million Btu per barrel as published in
the California Oil World and Petroleum Industry, First
Issue, April 1942.
Jet Fuel, Kerosene-Type. EIA adopted the Bureau of

Mines thermal conversion factor of 5.670 million Btu per
barrel for Jet Fuel, Commercial as published by the Texas
Eastern Transmission Corporation in the report Competition and Growth in American Energy Markets 19471985,
a 1968 release of historical and projected statistics.
Jet Fuel, Naphtha-Type. EIA adopted the Bureau of
Mines thermal conversion factor of 5.355 million Btu per
barrel for Jet Fuel, Military as published by the Texas
Eastern Transmission Corporation in the report Competition and Growth in American Energy Markets 19471985,
a 1968 release of historical and projected statistics.
Kerosene. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines thermal
reported in a Bureau of Mines internal memorandum,
Various Fuels, Adopted January 3, 1950.
Liquefied Petroleum Gases Consumption. Calculated
annually by EIA as the average of the thermal conversion
factors for all liquefied petroleum gases consumed (see
Table A1) weighted by the quantities consumed. The
component products of liquefied petroleum gases are
ethane (including ethylene), propane (including propylene),
normal butane (including butylene), butane-propane
mixtures, ethane-propane mixtures, and isobutane. For
19731980, quantities consumed are from EIA, Energy
Data Reports, Petroleum Statement, Annual, Table 1.
For 1981 forward, quantities consumed are from EIA,
Petroleum Supply Annual, Table 2.
Lubricants. EIA adopted the thermal conversion factor of
6.065 million Btu per barrel as estimated by the Bureau of
Mines and first published in the Petroleum Statement,
Annual, 1956.
Miscellaneous Products. EIA adopted the thermal conversion factor of 5.796 million Btu per barrel as estimated by
the Bureau of Mines and first published in the Petroleum
Statement, Annual, 1956.
Motor Gasoline Consumption.
19731993: EIA
adopted the Bureau of Mines thermal conversion factor of
5.253 million Btu per barrel for Gasoline, Motor Fuel as
published by the Texas Eastern Transmission Corporation
in Appendix V of Competition and Growth in American
Energy Markets 19471985, a 1968 release of historical
and projected statistics. 1994 forward: EIA calculated
national annual quantity-weighted average conversion
factors for conventional, reformulated, and oxygenated
motor gasolines (see Table A3). The factor for conventional
motor gasoline is 5.253 million Btu per barrel, as used for
177
previous years. The factors for reformulated and oxygenated gasolines, both currently 5.150 million Btu per barrel,
are based on data published in Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Mobile Sources, National Vehicle and
Fuel Emissions Laboratory report EPA 420-F-95-003,
Fuel Economy Impact Analysis of Reformulated
Gasoline. See Fuel Ethanol (Denatured).
Natural Gas Plant Liquids Production. Calculated
factors for each natural gas plant liquid produced weighted
by the quantities produced.
Natural Gasoline. EIA adopted the thermal conversion
factor of 4.620 million Btu per barrel as estimated by the
Bureau of Mines and first published in the Petroleum Statement, Annual, 1956.
Pentanes Plus. EIA assumed the thermal conversion factor
to be 4.620 million Btu or equal to that for natural gasoline.
See Natural Gasoline.
conversion factors for all petroleum products consumed by

the electric power sector weighted by the quantities
consumed by the electric power sector. Data are from Form
EIA-923, Power Plant Operations Report, and predecessor forms.
Petroleum Consumption, Industrial Sector. Calculated
factors for all petroleum products consumed by the industrial sector weighted by the estimated quantities consumed
by the industrial sector. The quantities of petroleum
products consumed by the industrial sector are estimated in
the State Energy Data Systemsee documentation at
http://www.eia.gov/state/seds/sep_use/notes/use_petrol.pdf.
Petroleum Consumption, Residential Sector. Calculated

factors for all petroleum products consumed by the residential sector weighted by the estimated quantities consumed
by the residential sector. The quantities of petroleum
products consumed by the residential sector are estimated in
the State Energy Data Systemsee documentation at
Petrochemical Feedstocks, Naphtha less than 401 F.

Assumed by EIA to be 5.248 million Btu per barrel, equal
to the thermal conversion factor for special naphthas. See
Special Naphthas.
Petrochemical Feedstocks, Other Oils equal to or
greater than 401 F. Assumed by EIA to be 5.825 million
Btu per barrel, equal to the thermal conversion factor for
distillate fuel oil. See Distillate Fuel Oil.
Petrochemical Feedstocks, Still Gas. Assumed by EIA to
be 6.000 million Btu per barrel, equal to the thermal
conversion factor for still gas. See Still Gas.
Petroleum Coke. EIA adopted the thermal conversion
factor of 6.024 million Btu per barrel as reported in Btu per
short ton in the Bureau of Mines internal memorandum,
Various Fuels, Adopted January 3, 1950. The Bureau of
Mines calculated this factor by dividing 30.120 million Btu
per short ton, as given in the referenced Bureau of Mines
internal memorandum, by 5.0 barrels per short ton, as given in
the Bureau of Mines Form 6-1300-M and successor EIA
forms.
Petroleum Consumption, Commercial Sector. Calculated
factors for all petroleum products consumed by the
commercial sector weighted by the estimated quantities
consumed by the commercial sector. The quantities of
petroleum products consumed by the commercial sector
are estimated in the State Energy Data Systemsee
documentation at
Petroleum Consumption, Total. Calculated annually by

EIA as the average of the thermal conversion factors for all
petroleum products consumed weighted by the quantities
consumed.
Petroleum Consumption, Transportation Sector. Calculated annually by EIA as the average of the thermal conversion factors for all petroleum products consumed by the
transportation sector weighted by the estimated quantities
consumed by the transportation sector. The quantities of
petroleum products consumed by the transportation sector
are estimated in the State Energy Data Systemsee
documentation at
Petroleum Products Exports. Calculated annually by EIA

as the average of the thermal conversion factors for each
petroleum product exported weighted by the quantities
exported.
Petroleum Products Imports. Calculated annually by EIA
as the average of the thermal conversion factors for each
petroleum product imported weighted by the quantities
imported.
Plant Condensate. Estimated to be 5.418 million Btu per
barrel by EIA from data provided by McClanahan Consultants, Inc., Houston, Texas.
Propane. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines thermal

published in the California Oil World and Petroleum Industry, First Issue, April 1942.
Petroleum Consumption, Electric Power Sector. Calculated annually by EIA as the average of the thermal
Residual Fuel Oil. EIA adopted the thermal conversion

factor of 6.287 million Btu per barrel as reported in the
178
Bureau of Mines internal memorandum, Bureau of Mines

Standard Average Heating Values of Various Fuels,
Adopted January 3, 1950.
Road Oil. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines thermal
conversion factor of 6.636 million Btu per barrel, which
was assumed to be equal to that of asphalt (see Asphalt)
and was first published by the Bureau of Mines in the
Petroleum Statement, Annual, 1970.
Special Naphthas. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines
thermal conversion factor of 5.248 million Btu per barrel,
which was assumed to be equal to that of the total gasoline
(aviation and motor) factor and was first published in the
Petroleum Statement, Annual, 1970.
Still Gas. EIA adopted the Bureau of Mines estimated
thermal conversion factor of 6.000 million Btu per barrel,
first published in the Petroleum Statement, Annual, 1970.
Total Petroleum Exports. Calculated annually by EIA as
the average of the thermal conversion factors for crude oil
and each petroleum product exported weighted by the
quantities exported. See Crude Oil Exports and Petroleum Products Exports.
Total Petroleum Imports. Calculated annually by EIA as
the average of the thermal conversion factors for each type
of crude oil and petroleum product imported weighted by
the quantities imported. See Crude Oil Imports and Petroleum Products Imports.
Unfinished Oils. EIA assumed the thermal conversion
factor to be 5.825 million Btu per barrel or equal to that for
distillate fuel oil (see Distillate Fuel Oil) and first
published it in EIAs Annual Report to Congress, Volume
3, 1977.
Unfractionated Stream. EIA assumed the thermal conversion factor to be 5.418 million Btu per barrel or equal to
that for plant condensate (see Plant Condensate) and first
published it in EIAs Annual Report to Congress, Volume
2, 1981.
Waxes. EIA adopted the thermal conversion factor of
5.537 million Btu per barrel as estimated by the Bureau
of Mines and first published in the Petroleum Statement,
Annual, 1956.
Approximate Heat Content of Biofuels

Biodiesel. EIA estimated the thermal conversion factor for
biodiesel to be 5.359 million Btu per barrel, or 17,253 Btu
per pound.
Biodiesel Feedstock. EIA used soybean oil input to the
production of biodiesel (million Btu soybean oil per barrel
biodiesel) as the factor to estimate total biomass inputs to
the production of biodiesel. EIA assumed that 7.65 pounds
of soybean oil are needed to produce one gallon of biodiesel, and 5.433 million Btu of soybean oil are needed to
produce one barrel of biodiesel. EIA also assumed that
soybean oil has a gross heat content of 16,909 Btu per
pound, or 5.483 million Btu per barrel.
Ethanol (Undenatured).
EIA adopted the thermal
conversion factor of 3.539 million Btu per barrel
published in Oxygenate Flexibility for Future Fuels, a
paper presented by William J. Piel of the ARCO Chemical Company at the National Conference on Reformulated
Gasolines and Clean Air Act Implementation, Washington,
D.C., October 1991.
Fuel Ethanol (Denatured). 19812008: EIA used the
2009 factor. 2009 forward: Calculated by EIA as the
annual quantity-weighted average of the thermal conversion factors for undenatured ethanol (3.539 million Btu
per barrel), pentanes plus used as denaturant (4.620
million Btu per barrel), and conventional motor gasoline
and motor gasoline blending components used as denaturant (5.253 million Btu per barrel). The quantity of
ethanol consumed is from EIAs Petroleum Supply
Annual (PSA) and Petroleum Supply Monthly (PSM),
Table 1, data for renewable fuels and oxygenate plant net
production of fuel ethanol. The quantity of pentanes plus
used as denaturant is from PSA/PSM, Table 1, data for
renewable fuels and oxygenate plant net production of
pentanes plus, multiplied by -1. The quantity of conventional motor gasoline and motor gasoline blending components used as denaturant is from PSA/PSM, Table 1, data
for renewable fuels and oxygenate plant net production of
conventional motor gasoline and motor gasoline blending
components, multiplied by -1.
Fuel Ethanol Feedstock. EIA used corn input to the
production of undenatured ethanol (million Btu corn per
barrel undenatured ethanol) as the annual factor to
estimate total biomass inputs to the production of undenatured ethanol. U.S. Department of Agriculture observed
ethanol yields (gallons undenatured ethanol per bushel of
corn) were 2.5 in 1980, 2.666 in 1998, 2.68 in 2002, and
2.764 in 2009; EIA estimated the ethanol yields in other
years. EIA also assumed that corn has a gross heat
content of 0.392 million Btu per bushel.
Approximate Heat Content of Natural

Gas
Natural Gas Consumption, Electric Power Sector.
Calculated annually by EIA by dividing the heat content of
natural gas consumed by the electric power sector by the
quantity consumed.
Data are from Form EIA-923,
Power Plant Operations Report, and predecessor forms.
Natural Gas Consumption, End-Use Sectors. Calculated
annually by EIA by dividing the heat content of natural gas
consumed by the end-use sectors (residential, commercial,
179
industrial, and transportation) by the quantity consumed.

Data are from Form EIA-176, Annual Report of Natural
and Supplemental Gas Supply and Disposition.
consumed by manufacturing plants by the quantity

consumed. Data are from Form EIA-3, Quarterly Coal
Consumption and Quality ReportManufacturing Plants.
Natural Gas Consumption, Total. 19731979: EIA

adopted the thermal conversion factor calculated annually by
the American Gas Association (AGA) and published in Gas
Facts, an AGA annual publication. 1980 forward: Calculated
annually by EIA by dividing the total heat content of natural
gas consumed by the total quantity consumed.
Coal Consumption, Residential and Commercial

Sectors. Calculated annually by EIA by dividing the heat
content of coal consumed by the residential and commercial
sectors by the quantity consumed. Through 1999, data are
from Form EIA-6, Coal Distribution Report. Beginning in
2000, data are for commercial combined-heat-and-power
(CHP) plants from Form EIA-923, Power Plant Operations Report, and predecessor forms.
Natural Gas Exports. Calculated annually by EIA by

dividing the heat content of natural gas exported by the
quantity exported. For 19731995, data are from Form
FPC-14, Annual Report for Importers and Exporters of
Natural Gas. Beginning in 1996, data are from U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, Natural
Gas Imports and Exports.
Natural Gas Imports. Calculated annually by EIA by
dividing the heat content of natural gas imported by the
quantity imported. For 19731995, data are from Form
FPC-14, Annual Report for Importers and Exporters of
Natural Gas. Beginning in 1996, data are from U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, Natural
Gas Imports and Exports.
Natural Gas Production, Dry. Assumed by EIA to be
equal to the thermal conversion factor for dry natural gas
consumed. See Natural Gas Consumption, Total.
Natural Gas Production, Marketed. Calculated annually
by EIA by dividing the heat content of dry natural gas
produced (see Natural Gas Production, Dry) and natural
gas plant liquids produced (see Natural Gas Plant
Liquids Production) by the total quantity of marketed
natural gas produced.
Approximate Heat Content of Coal and

Coal Coke
Coal Coke Imports and Exports. EIA adopted the Bureau
of Mines estimate of 24.800 million Btu per short ton.
Coal Consumption, Electric Power Sector. Calculated
annually by EIA by dividing the heat content of coal
consumed by the electric power sector by the quantity
consumed. Data are from Form EIA-923, Power Plant
Operations Report, and predecessor forms.
Coal Consumption, Industrial Sector, Coke Plants.
Calculated annually by EIA by dividing the heat content of
coal consumed by coke plants by the quantity consumed.
Data are from Form EIA-5, Quarterly Coal Consumption
and Quality ReportCoke Plants.
Coal Consumption, Industrial Sector, Other. Calculated
annually by EIA by dividing the heat content of coal
180
Coal Consumption, Total. Calculated annually by EIA by

dividing the total heat content of coal consumed by all
sectors by the total quantity consumed.
Coal Exports. Calculated annually by EIA by dividing the
heat content of steam coal and metallurgical coal exported
by the quantity exported. Data are from U.S. Department
of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Monthly Report
EM 545.
Coal Imports. Assumed by EIA to be 25.000 million Btu
per short ton.
Coal Production. Calculated annually by EIA to balance
the heat content of coal supply (production and imports)
and the heat content of coal disposition (exports, stock
change, and consumption).
Waste Coal Supplied. Calculated annually by EIA by
dividing the total heat content of waste coal supplied by the
quantity supplied. For 19891997, data are from Form
EIA-867, Annual Nonutility Power Producer Report. For
19982000, data are from Form EIA-860B, Annual Electric
Generator ReportNonutility. For 2001 forward, data are
from Form EIA-3, Quarterly Coal Consumption and Quality
ReportManufacturing Plants; Form EIA-923, Power
Plant Operations Report; and predecessor forms.
Approximate Heat Rates for Electricity

Electricity Net Generation, Coal. 2001 forward: Calculated annually by EIA by using fuel consumption and net
generation data reported on Form EIA-923, Power Plant
Operations Report, and predecessor forms. The computation includes data for electric utilities and electricity-only
independent power producers using anthracite, bituminous
coal, subbituminous coal, lignite, and beginning in 2002,
waste coal and coal synfuel.
Electricity Net Generation, Natural Gas. 2001 forward:
Calculated annually by EIA by using fuel consumption and
net generation data reported on Form EIA-923, Power
Plant Operations Report, and predecessor forms. The
computation includes data for electric utilities and
electricity-only independent power producers using natural
gas and supplemental gaseous fuels.
Electricity Net Generation, Noncombustible Renewable

Energy. There is no generally accepted practice for
measuring the thermal conversion rates for power plants
that generate electricity from hydro, geothermal, solar
thermal, photovoltaic, and wind energy sources. Therefore,
EIA calculates a rate factor that is equal to the annual
average heat rate factor for fossil-fueled power plants in the
United States (see Electricity Net Generation, Total Fossil
Fuels). By using that factor it is possible to evaluate fossil
fuel requirements for replacing those sources during
periods of interruption, such as droughts.
Electricity Net Generation, Nuclear. 19731984: Calculated annually by dividing the total heat content consumed
in nuclear generating units by the total (net) electricity generated by nuclear generating units. The heat content and
electricity generation were reported on Form FERC-1,
Annual Report of Major Electric Utilities, Licensees, and
Others; Form EIA-412, Annual Report of Public Electric
Utilities; and predecessor forms. For 1982, the factors were
published in EIA, Historical Plant Cost and Annual Production Expenses for Selected Electric Plants 1982, page 215.
For 1983 and 1984, the factors were published in EIA,
Electric Plant Cost and Power Production Expenses 1991,
Table 13. 1985 forward: Calculated annually by EIA by
using the heat rate data reported on Form EIA-860,
Annual Electric Generator Report (and predecessor
forms).
Electricity Net Generation, Petroleum. 2001 forward:

Calculated annually by EIA by using fuel consumption and
net generation data reported on Form EIA-923, Power
Plant Operations Report, and predecessor forms. The
computation includes data for electric utilities and
electricity-only independent power producers using distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, jet fuel, kerosene, petroleum
coke, and waste oil.
Electricity Net Generation, Total Fossil Fuels.
19731988: The weighted annual average heat rate for
fossil-fueled steam-electric power plants in the United
States, as published in EIA, Electric Plant Cost and
Power Production Expenses 1991, Table 9. 19892000:
Calculated annually by EIA by using the heat rate data
reported on Form EIA-860, Annual Electric Generator
Report (and predecessor forms); and net generation data
reported on Form EIA-759, Monthly Power Plant
Report. The computation includes data for all electric
utility steam-electric plants using fossil fuels. 2001
forward: Calculated annually by EIA by using fuel
consumption and net generation data reported on Form
EIA-923, Power Plant Operations Report, and predecessor forms. The computation includes data for electric
utilities and electricity-only independent power producers
using coal, petroleum, natural gas, and other gases (blast
furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and
waste gases derived from fossil fuels).
181
Appendix B
Metric Conversion Factors, Metric Prefixes, and Other Physical
Conversion Factors
Data presented in the Monthly Energy Review and in other
U.S. Energy Information Administration publications are
expressed predominately in units that historically have been used
in the United States, such as British thermal units, barrels, cubic
feet, and short tons. The metric conversion factors presented in
Table B1 can be used to calculate the metric-unit equivalents of
values expressed in U.S. Customary units. For example, 500
short tons are the equivalent of 453.6 metric tons (500 short tons
x 0.9071847 metric tons/short ton = 453.6 metric tons).
In the metric system of weights and measures, the names
of multiples and subdivisions of any unit may be derived
by combining the name of the unit with prefixes, such as

deka, hecto, and kilo, meaning, respectively, 10, 100,
1,000, and deci, centi, and milli, meaning, respectively,
one-tenth, one-hundredth, and one-thousandth. Common
metric prefixes can be found in Table B2.
The conversion factors presented in Table B3 can be used to
calculate equivalents in various physical units commonly
used in energy analyses. For example, 10 barrels are the
equivalent of 420 U.S. gallons (10 barrels x 42
gallons/barrel = 420 gallons).
183
Table B1. Metric Conversion Factors

Type of Unit
U.S. Unit
Equivalent in Metric Units
Mass
1 short ton (2,000 lb)

1 long ton
1 pound (lb)
1 pound uranium oxide (lb U3O8)
1 ounce, avoirdupois (avdp oz)
=
=
=
=
=
0.907 184 7
1.016 047
0.453 592 37a
0.384 647b
28.349 52
metric tons (t)

metric tons (t)
kilograms (kg)
kilograms uranium (kgU)
grams (g)
Volume
1 barrel of oil (bbl)

1 cubic yard (yd3)
1 cubic foot (ft3)
1 U.S. gallon (gal)
1 ounce, fluid (fl oz)
1 cubic inch (in3)
=
=
=
=
=
=
0.158 987 3
0.764 555
0.028 316 85
3.785 412
29.573 53
16.387 06
cubic meters (m3)

cubic meters (m3)
cubic meters (m3)
liters (L)
milliliters (mL)
milliliters (mL)
Length
1 mile (mi)
1 yard (yd)
1 foot (ft)
1 inch (in)
=
=
=
=
1.609 344a
0.914 4a
0.304 8a
2.54a
kilometers (km)
meters (m)
meters (m)
centimeters (cm)
Area
1 acre
1 square mile (mi2)
1 square yard (yd2)
1 square foot (ft2)
1 square inch (in2)
=
=
=
=
=
0.404 69
2.589 988
0.836 127 4
0.092 903 04a
6.451 6a
hectares (ha)
square kilometers (km2)
square meters (m2)
square meters (m2)
square centimeters (cm2)
Energy
1 British thermal unit (Btu)c

1 calorie (cal)
1 kilowatthour (kWh)
=
=
=
1,055.055 852 62a

4.186 8a
3.6a
Temperatured
32 degrees Fahrenheit (F)

212 degrees Fahrenheit (F)
=
=
0a
100a
joules (J)
joules (J)
megajoules (MJ)
degrees Celsius (C)
degrees Celsius (C)
Exact conversion.
c
The Btu used in this table is the International Table Btu adopted by the Fifth International Conference on Properties of Steam, London, 1956.
d
To convert degrees Fahrenheit (F) to degrees Celsius (C) exactly, subtract 32, then multiply by 5/9.
Notes: Spaces have been inserted after every third digit to the right of the decimal for ease of reading. Most metric units belong to the
International System of Units (SI), and the liter, hectare, and metric ton are accepted for use with the SI units. For more information about the SI
units, see http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/index.html.
Sources: General Services Administration, Federal Standard 376B, Preferred Metric Units for General Use by the Federal Government
(Washington, DC, January 1993), pp. 9-11, 13, and 16. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology,
Special Publications 330, 811, and 814. American National Standards Institute/Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, ANSI/IEEE Std
268-1992, pp. 28 and 29.
a
b
184
Table B2. Metric Prefixes

Unit Multiple
Prefix
Symbol
10
deka
da
10
102
hecto
10-2
10
kilo
10
Unit Subdivision
-1
-3
Prefix
Symbol
deci
centi
milli
micro
n
p
106
mega
10-6
109
giga
tera
G
T
10-9
10
nano
pico
1015
peta
10-15
femto
10
exa
10
atto
1021
zetta
10-21
zepto
10
yotta
10
yocto
10
12
18
24
-12
-18
-24
Web Page: http ://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#appendices.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, The International System of Units (SI), NIST
Special Publication 330, 1991 Edition (Washington, DC, August 1991), p.10.
Table B3. Other Physical Conversion Factors

Energy Source
Original Unit
Equiv alent in Final Units
Petroleum
1 barrel (bbl)
42a
Coal
1 short ton
1 long ton
1 metric ton (t)
=
=
=
2,000a
2,240a
1,000a
pounds (lb)
pounds (lb)
kilograms (kg)
Wood
1 cord (cd)
1 cord (cd)
=
=
1.25b
128a
shorts tons
cubic feet (ft3)
U.S. gallons (gal)
Exact conversion.
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Specifications, Tolerances, and Other Technical Requirements for Weighing and Measuring Devices, NIST Handbook 44, 1994 Edition (Washington, DC, October 1993), pp. B-10, C-17
a
b
and C-21.
185
Glossary
Alcohol: The family name of a group of organic chemical
compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
The series of molecules vary in chain length and are
composed of a hydrocarbon plus a hydroxyl group;
CH(3)-(CH(2))n-OH (e.g., methanol, ethanol, and tertiary
butyl alcohol). See Fuel Ethanol.
Alternative Fuel: Alternative fuels, for transportation
applications, include the following: methanol; denatured
ethanol, and other alcohols; fuel mixtures containing 85
percent or more by volume of methanol, denatured ethanol,
and other alcohols with motor gasoline or other fuels;
natural gas; liquefied petroleum gas (propane); hydrogen; coal-derived liquid fuels; fuels (other than alcohol)
derived from biological materials (biofuels such as soy
diesel fuel); electricity (including electricity from solar
energy); and "... any other fuel the Secretary determines,
by rule, is substantially not petroleum and would yield
substantial energy security benefits and substantial environmental benefits." The term "alternative fuel" does not
include alcohol or other blended portions of primarily
petroleum-based fuels used as oxygenates or extenders,
i.e., MTBE, ETBE, other ethers, and the 10-percent ethanol
portion of gasohol.
Alternative-Fuel Vehicle (AFV): A vehicle designed to
operate on an alternative fuel (e.g., compressed natural
gas, methane blend, or electricity). The vehicle could be
either a dedicated vehicle designed to operate exclusively
on alternative fuel or a nondedicated vehicle designed to
operate on alternative fuel and/or a traditional fuel.
Anthracite: The highest rank of coal; used primarily for
residential and commercial space heating. It is a hard, brittle, and black lustrous coal, often referred to as hard coal,
containing a high percentage of fixed carbon and a low
percentage of volatile matter. The moisture content of
fresh-mined anthracite generally is less than 15 percent.
The heat content of anthracite ranges from 22 to 28
million Btu per short ton on a moist, mineral-matter-free
basis. The heat content of anthracite coal consumed in the
United States averages 25 million Btu per short ton, on the
as-received basis (i.e., containing both inherent moisture
and mineral matter). Note: Since the 1980's, anthracite
refuse or mine waste has been used for steam-electric
power generation. This fuel typically has a heat content of
15 million Btu per ton or less.
Anthropogenic: Made or generated by a human or caused
by human activity. The term is used in the context of global
climate change to refer to gaseous emissions that are the
result of human activities, as well as other potentially
climate-altering activities, such as deforestation.
Asphalt: A dark-brown-to-black cement-like material

containing bitumens as the predominant constituents
obtained by petroleum processing. The definition includes
crude asphalt as well as the following finished products:
cements, fluxes, the asphalt content of emulsions (exclusive of water), and petroleum distillates blended with
asphalt to make cutback asphalts.
ASTM: The American Society for Testing and Materials.
Aviation Gasoline Blending Components: Naphthas that
will be used for blending or compounding into finished
aviation gasoline (e.g., straight run gasoline, alkylate,
reformate, benzene, toluene, and xylene). Excludes
oxygenates (alcohols, ethers), butane, and pentanes plus.
Aviation Gasoline, Finished: A complex mixture of relatively volatile hydrocarbons with or without small quantities of additives, blended to form a fuel suitable for use in
aviation reciprocating engines. Fuel specifications are
provided in ASTM Specification D 910 and Military
Specification MIL-G-5572.
Note: Data on blending
components are not counted in data on finished aviation
gasoline.
Barrel (Petroleum): A unit of volume equal to 42 U.S.
Gallons.
Base Gas: The volume of gas needed as a permanent inventory to maintain adequate underground storage reservoir pressures and deliverability rates throughout the withdrawal
season. All native gas is included in the base gas volume.
Biodiesel: A fuel typically made from soybean, canola, or
other vegetable oils; animal fats; and recycled grease. It
can serve as a substitute for petroleum-derived diesel fuel
or distillate fuel oil. For U.S. Energy Information Administration reporting, it is a fuel composed of mono-alkyl
esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils
or animal fats, designated B100, and meeting the requirements of ASTM (American Society for Testing & Materials)
D 6751.
Biofuels: Liquid fuels and blending components produced
from biomass (plant) feedstocks, used primarily for transportation. See Biodiesel and Fuel Ethanol.
Biogenic: Produced by biological processes of living organisms. Note: EIA uses the term biogenic to refer only to
organic nonfossil material of biological origin.
Biomass: Organic non-fossil material of biological origin
constituting a renewable energy source. See Biodiesel,
187
Biofuels, Biomass Waste, Fuel Ethanol, and Wood and

Wood-Derived Fuels.
Biomass Waste: Organic non-fossil material of biological origin that is a byproduct or a discarded product.
Biomass waste includes municipal solid waste from
biogenic sources, landfill gas, sludge waste, agricultural
crop byproducts, straw, and other biomass solids, liquids,
and gases; but excludes wood and wood-derived fuels
(including black liquor), biofuels feedstock, biodiesel,
and fuel ethanol. Note: EIA biomass waste data also
include energy crops grown specifically for energy production, which would not normally constitute waste.
Bituminous Coal: A dense coal, usually black, sometimes dark brown, often with well-defined bands of
bright and dull material, used primarily as fuel in steamelectric power generation, with substantial quantities also
used for heat and power applications in manufacturing
and to make coke. Bituminous coal is the most abundant
coal in active U.S. mining regions. Its moisture content
usually is less than 20 percent. The heat content of bituminous coal ranges from 21 to 30 million Btu per short
ton on a moist, mineral-matter-free basis. The heat
content of bituminous coal consumed in the United States
averages 24 million Btu per short ton, on the as-received
basis (i.e., containing both inherent moisture and mineral
matter).
Black Liquor: A byproduct of the paper production process, alkaline spent liquor, that can be used as a source of
energy. Alkaline spent liquor is removed from the digesters in the process of chemically pulping wood. After
evaporation, the residual "black" liquor is burned as a fuel
in a recovery furnace that permits the recovery of certain
basic chemicals.
British Thermal Unit (Btu): The quantity of heat
required to raise the temperature of 1 pound of liquid
water by 1 degree Fahrenheit at the temperature at which
water has its greatest density (approximately 39 degrees
Fahrenheit). See Heat Content.
Btu: See British Thermal Unit.
Btu Conversion Factor: A factor for converting energy
data between one unit of measurement and British thermal units (Btu). Btu conversion factors are generally
used to convert energy data from physical units of measure (such as barrels, cubic feet, or short tons) into the
energy-equivalent
measure
of
Btu.
(See
http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#appendices
for further information on Btu conversion factors.)
Butane: A normally gaseous straight-chain or branchedchain hydrocarbon (C4H10). It is extracted from natural
gas or refinery gas streams. It includes isobutane and
normal butane and is designated in ASTM Specification
D1835 and Gas Processors Association Specifications for
commercial butane.
188
Isobutane: A normally gaseous branched-chain hydrocarbon.

It is a colorless paraffinic gas that boils at a temperature of
10.9 F. It is extracted from natural gas or refinery gas
streams.
Normal Butane: A normally gaseous straight-chain hydrocarbon. It is a colorless paraffinic gas that boils at a temperature of 31.1 F. It is extracted from natural gas or refinery
gas streams.
Butylene: An olefinic hydrocarbon (C4H8) recovered from
refinery processes.
Capacity Factor: The ratio of the electrical energy
produced by a generating unit for a given period of time
to the electrical energy that could have been produced at
continuous full-power operation during the same period.
Carbon Dioxide (CO2): A colorless, odorless, nonpoisonous gas that is a normal part of Earth's atmosphere.
Carbon dioxide is a product of fossil-fuel combustion as
well as other processes. It is considered a greenhouse gas
as it traps heat (infrared energy) radiated by the Earth into
the atmosphere and thereby contributes to the potential
for global warming. The global warming potential
(GWP) of other greenhouse gases is measured in relation
to that of carbon dioxide, which by international scientific
convention is assigned a value of one (1).
Chained Dollars: A measure used to express real prices.
Real prices are those that have been adjusted to remove the
effect of changes in the purchasing power of the dollar; they
usually reflect buying power relative to a reference year.
Prior to 1996, real prices were expressed in constant
dollars, a measure based on the weights of goods and services in a single year, usually a recent year. In 1996, the
U.S. Department of Commerce introduced the chaineddollar measure. The new measure is based on the average
weights of goods and services in successive pairs of years.
It is chained because the second year in each pair, with
its weights, becomes the first year of the next pair. The
advantage of using the chained-dollar measure is that it is
more closely related to any given period and is therefore
subject to less distortion over time.
CIF: See Cost, Insurance, Freight.
Citygate: A point or measuring station at which a distribution gas utility receives gas from a natural gas pipeline
company or transmission system.
Climate Change: A term used to refer to all forms of
climatic inconsistency, but especially to significant change
from one prevailing climatic condition to another. In
some cases, "climate change" has been used synonymously with the term "global warming"; scientists,
however, tend to use the term in a wider sense inclusive of
natural changes in climate, including climatic cooling.
Coal: A readily combustible black or brownish-black rock

whose composition, including inherent moisture, consists
of more than 50 percent by weight and more than 70
percent by volume of carbonaceous material. It is formed
from plant remains that have been compacted, hardened,
chemically altered, and metamorphosed by heat and pressure over geologic time. See Anthracite, Bituminous
Coal, Lignite, Subbituminous Coal, Waste Coal, and
Coal Synfuel.
Coal Coke: See Coke, Coal.
Coal Stocks: Coal quantities that are held in storage for
future use and disposition. Note: When coal data are collected
for a particular reporting period (month, quarter, or year), coal
stocks are commonly measured as of the last day of the period.
Coal Synfuel: Coal-based solid fuel that has been processed by a coal synfuel plant; and coal-based fuels such as
briquettes, pellets, or extrusions, which are formed from
fresh or recycled coal and binding materials.
Coal Synfuel Plant: A plant engaged in the chemical transformation of coal into coal synfuel.
Coke, Coal: A solid carbonaceous residue derived from
low-ash, low-sulfur bituminous coal from which the volatile constituents are driven off by baking in an oven at
temperatures as high as 2,000 F so that the fixed carbon
and residual ash are fused together. Coke is used as a fuel
and as a reducing agent in smelting iron ore in a blast
furnace. Coke (coal) has a heating value of 24.8 million
Btu per ton.
Coke, Petroleum: A residue high in carbon content and
low in hydrogen that is the final product of thermal decomposition in the condensation process in cracking. This product is reported as marketable coke or catalyst coke. The
conversion is 5 barrels (42 U.S. gallons each) per short ton.
Coke (petroleum) has a heating value of 6.024 million Btu
per barrel.
Coking Coal: Bituminous coal suitable for making coke.
See Coke, Coal.
Combined-Heat-and-Power (CHP) Plant: A plant
designed to produce both heat and electricity from a single
heat source. Note: This term is being used in place of the
term "cogenerator" that was used by EIA in the past. CHP
better describes the facilities because some of the plants
included do not produce heat and power in a sequential fashion and, as a result, do not meet the legal definition of
cogeneration specified in the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA).
Commercial Sector: An energy-consuming sector that
consists of service-providing facilities and equipment of:
businesses; Federal, State, and local governments; and
other private and public organizations, such as religious,
social, or fraternal groups. The commercial sector includes

institutional living quarters. It also includes sewage treatment facilities. Common uses of energy associated with
this sector include space heating, water heating, air conditioning, lighting, refrigeration, cooking, and running a wide
variety of other equipment. Note: This sector includes
generators that produce electricity and/or useful thermal
output primarily to support the activities of the abovementioned commercial establishments.
Various EIA
programs differ in sectoral coverage-for more information
http://www.eia.gov/neic/datadefinitions/Guideforwebcom.htm.
see
See End-Use Sectors and Energy-Use Sectors.
Completion: The installation of permanent equipment for
the production of oil or gas. If a well is equipped to
produce only oil or gas from one zone or reservoir, the
definition of a well (classified as an oil well or gas well)
and the definition of a completion are identical. However,
if a well is equipped to produce oil and/or gas separately
from more than one reservoir, a well is not synonymous
with a completion.
Conventional Gasoline: Finished motor gasoline not
included in the oxygenated or reformulated gasoline categories. Note: This category excludes reformulated gasoline
blendstock for oxygenate blending (RBOB) as well as other
blendstock.
Conventional Hydroelectric Power: Hydroelectric power
generated from flowing water that is not created by hydroelectric pumped storage.
Conversion Factor: A factor for converting data
between one unit of measurement and another (such as
between short tons and British thermal units, or
between
barrels
and
gallons).
(See
http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#appendices
for further information on conversion factors.) See
Btu Conversion Factor and Thermal Conversion Factor.
Cost, Insurance, Freight (CIF): A sales transaction in
which the seller pays for the transportation and insurance of
the goods to the port of destination specified by the buyer.
Crude Oil: A mixture of hydrocarbons that exists in liquid
phase in natural underground reservoirs and remains liquid
at atmospheric pressure after passing through surface separating facilities. Depending upon the characteristics of the
crude stream, it may also include: 1) small amounts of
hydrocarbons that exist in gaseous phase in natural underground reservoirs but are liquid at atmospheric pressure
after being recovered from oil well (casinghead) gas in
lease separators and are subsequently commingled with
the crude stream without being separately measured. Lease
condensate recovered as a liquid from natural gas wells in
lease or field separation facilities and later mixed into the
crude stream is also included; 2) small amounts of nonhydrocarbons produced with the oil, such as sulfur and
189
various metals; and 3) drip gases, and liquid hydrocarbons produced from tar sands, oil sands, gilsonite, and oil
shale.
Liquids produced at natural gas processing plants are
excluded. Crude oil is refined to produce a wide array of
petroleum products, including heating oils; gasoline,
diesel and jet fuels; lubricants; asphalt; ethane, propane,
and butane; and many other products used for their energy
or chemical content.
Crude Oil F.O.B. Price: The crude oil price actually
charged at the oil-producing countrys port of loading.
Includes deductions for any rebates and discounts or additions of premiums, where applicable. It is the actual price
paid with no adjustment for credit terms.
Crude Oil (Including Lease Condensate): A mixture of
hydrocarbons that exists in liquid phase in underground
reservoirs and remains liquid at atmospheric pressure
after passing through surface separating facilities.
Included are lease condensate and liquid hydrocarbons
produced from tar sands, gilsonite, and oil shale. Drip
gases are also included, but topped crude oil (residual
oil) and other unfinished oils are excluded. Where identifiable, liquids produced at natural gas processing plants
and mixed with crude oil are likewise excluded.
Crude Oil Landed Cost: The price of crude oil at the port
of discharge, including charges associated with the
purchase, transporting, and insuring of a cargo from the
purchase point to the port of discharge. The cost does not
include charges incurred at the discharge port (e.g., import
tariffs or fees, wharfage charges, and demurrage).
Crude Oil Refinery Input: The total crude oil put into
processing units at refineries.
Crude Oil Stocks: Stocks of crude oil and lease condensate held at refineries, in pipelines, at pipeline terminals,
and on leases.
Crude Oil Used Directly: Crude oil consumed as fuel by
crude oil pipelines and on crude oil leases.
Crude Oil Well: A well completed for the production of
crude oil from one or more oil zones or reservoirs. Wells
producing both crude oil and natural gas are classified as
oil wells.
Cubic Foot (Natural Gas): A unit of volume equal to 1
cubic foot at a pressure base of 14.73 pounds standard per
square inch absolute and a temperature base of 60 F.
Degree-Day Normals: Simple arithmetic averages of
monthly or annual degree-days over a long period of time
(usually the 30-year period 1961-1990). The averages
may be simple degree-day normals or populationweighted degree-day normals.
190
Degree-Days, Cooling (CDD): A measure of how warm

a location is over a period of time relative to a base
temperature, most commonly specified as 65 degrees
Fahrenheit. The measure is computed for each day by
subtracting the base temperature (65 degrees) from the
average of the days high and low temperatures, with
negative values set equal to zero. Each days cooling
degree-days are summed to create a cooling degree-day
measure for a specified reference period. Cooling
degree-days are used in energy analysis as an indicator of
air conditioning energy requirements or use.
Degree-Days, Heating (HDD): A measure of how cold a
location is over a period of time relative to a base
temperature, most commonly specified as 65 degrees
Fahrenheit. The measure is computed for each day by
subtracting the average of the days high and low
temperatures from the base temperature (65 degrees), with
negative values set equal to zero. Each days heating
degree-days are summed to create a heating degree-day
measure for a specified reference period. Heating degreedays are used in energy analysis as an indicator of space
heating energy requirements or use.
Degree-Days, Population-Weighted: Heating or cooling
degree-days weighted by the population of the area in
which the degree-days are recorded. To compute State
population-weighted degree-days, each State is divided
into from one to nine climatically homogeneous divisions,
which are assigned weights based on the ratio of the
population of the division to the total population of the
State. Degree-day readings for each division are multiplied by the corresponding population weight for each
division and those products are then summed to arrive at
the State population-weighted degree-day figure. To
compute national population-weighted degree-days, the
Nation is divided into nine Census regions, each
comprising from three to eight States, which are
assigned weights based on the ratio of the population of
the region to the total population of the Nation. Degreeday readings for each region are multiplied by the corresponding population weight for each region and those
products are then summed to arrive at the national
population-weighted degree-day figure.
Denaturant: Petroleum, typically pentanes plus or
conventional motor gasoline, added to fuel ethanol to
make it unfit for human consumption. Fuel ethanol is denatured, usually prior to transport from the ethanol production
facility, by adding 2 to 5 volume percent denaturant. See
Fuel Ethanol and Fuel Ethanol Minus Denaturant.
Design Electrical Rating, Net: The nominal net electrical
output of a nuclear unit as specified by the electric utility
for the purpose of plant design.
Development Well: A well drilled within the proved area
of an oil or gas reservoir to the depth of a stratigraphic
horizon known to be productive.
Diesel Fuel: A fuel composed of distillate fuel oils

obtained in petroleum refining operation or blends of such
distillate fuel oils with residual fuel oil used in motor vehicles. The boiling point and specific gravity are higher for
diesel fuels than for gasoline.
Direct Use: Use of electricity that 1) is self-generated, 2) is
produced by either the same entity that consumes the power
or an affiliate, and 3) is used in direct support of a service or
industrial process located within the same facility or group
of facilities that house the generating equipment. Direct use
is exclusive of station use.
Distillate Fuel Oil: A general classification for one of the
petroleum fractions produced in conventional distillation
operations. It includes diesel fuels and fuel oils. Products
known as No. 1, No. 2, and No. 4 diesel fuel are used in
on-highway diesel engines, such as those in trucks and
automobiles, as well as off-highway engines, such as those
in railroad locomotives and agricultural machinery. Products known as No. 1, No. 2, and No. 4 fuel oils are used
primarily for space heating and electricity generation.
Dry Hole: An exploratory or development well found to be
incapable of producing either oil or gas in sufficient quantities to justify completion as an oil or gas well.
Dry Natural Gas Production: See Natural Gas (Dry)
Production.
E85: A fuel containing a mixture of 85 percent ethanol and
15 percent motor gasoline.
Electric Power Plant: A station containing prime movers,
electric generators, and auxiliary equipment for converting
mechanical, chemical, and/or fission energy into electric energy.
Electric Power Sector: An energy-consuming sector that
consists of electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power
(CHP) plants whose primary business is to sell electricity,
or electricity and heat, to the public-i.e., North American
Industry Classification System 22 plants. See also
Combined-Heat-and-Power (CHP) Plant, ElectricityOnly Plant, Electric Utility, and Independent Power
Producer.
Electric Utility: Any entity that generates, transmits, or
distributes electricity and recovers the cost of its generation, transmission or distribution assets and operations,
either directly or indirectly, through cost-based rates set by
a separate regulatory authority (e.g., State Public Service
Commission), or is owned by a governmental unit or the
consumers that the entity serves. Examples of these entities include: investor-owned entities, public power districts,
public utility districts, municipalities, rural electric cooperatives, and State and Federal agencies. Electric utilities
may have Federal Energy Regulatory Commission approval
for interconnection agreements and wholesale trade tariffs
covering either cost-of-service and/or market-based rates
under the authority of the Federal Power Act. See Electric

Power Sector.
Electrical System Energy Losses: The amount of energy
lost during generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity, including plant and unaccounted-for uses.
Electricity: A form of energy characterized by the presence
and motion of elementary charged particles generated by
friction, induction, or chemical change.
Electricity Generation: The process of producing electric
energy, or the amount of electric energy produced by transforming other forms of energy, commonly expressed in kilowatthours (kWh) or megawatthours (Mwh).
Electricity Generation, Gross: The total amount of electric
energy produced by generating units and measured at the
generating terminal in kilowatthours (kWh) or megawatthours (MWh).
Electricity Generation, Net: The amount of gross electricity generation less station use (the electric energy
consumed at the generating station(s) for station service or
auxiliaries). Note: Electricity required for pumping at hydroelectric pumped-storage plants is regarded as electricity for
station service and is deducted from gross generation.
Electricity-Only Plant: A plant designed to produce electricity only. See also Combined-Heat-and-Power (CHP)
Plant.
Electricity Retail Sales: The amount of electricity sold to
customers purchasing electricity for their own use and not
for resale.
End-Use Sectors: The residential, commercial, industrial,
and transportation sectors of the economy.
Energy: The capacity for doing work as measured by the
capability of doing work (potential energy) or the conversion
of this capability to motion (kinetic energy). Energy has
several forms, some of which are easily convertible and can be
changed to another form useful for work. Most of the
worlds convertible energy comes from fossil fuels that
are burned to produce heat that is then used as a transfer
medium to mechanical or other means in order to accomplish tasks. Electrical energy is usually measured in kilowatthours, while heat energy is usually measured in British thermal units.
Energy Consumption: The use of energy as a source of
heat or power or as an input in the manufacturing process.
Energy Service Provider: An energy entity that provides
service to a retail or end-use customer.
Energy-Use Sectors: A group of major energy-consuming
components of U.S. society developed to measure and
191
analyze energy use. The sectors most commonly referred to

in EIA are: residential, commercial, industrial, transportation, and electric power.
Ethane: A normally gaseous straight-chain hydrocarbon
(C2H6). It is a colorless, paraffinic gas that boils at a
temperature of -127.48 F. It is extracted from natural gas
and refinery gas streams.
Ethanol (C2H5OH): A clear, colorless, flammable alcohol.
Ethanol is typically produced biologically from biomass
feedstocks such as agricultural crops and cellulosic residues
from agricultural crops or wood. Ethanol can also be
produced chemically from ethylene. See Biomass, Fuel
Ethanol, and Fuel Ethanol Minus Denaturant.
Ethylene: An olefinic hydrocarbon (C2H4) recovered
from refinery processes or petrochemical processes.
Exploratory Well: A well drilled to find and produce oil or
gas in an area previously considered an unproductive area, to
find a new reservoir in a known field (i.e., one previously
found to be producing oil or gas in another reservoir), or to
extend the limit of a known oil or gas reservoir.
Exports: Shipments of goods from within the 50 States
and the District of Columbia to U.S. possessions and territories or to foreign countries.
Extraction Loss: The reduction in volume of natural gas
due to the removal of natural gas liquid constituents, such
as ethane, propane, and butane, at natural gas processing
plants.
Federal Energy Administration (FEA): A predecessor
of the U.S. Energy Information Administration.
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC): The
Federal agency with jurisdiction over interstate electricity
sales, wholesale electric rates, hydroelectric licensing,
natural gas pricing, oil pipeline rates, and gas pipeline
certification. FERC is an independent regulatory agency
within the U.S. Department of Energy and is the successor to the Federal Power Commission.
Federal Power Commission (FPC): The predecessor
agency of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. The
Federal Power Commission was created by an Act of
Congress under the Federal Water Power Act on June 10,
1920. It was charged originally with regulating the electric power and natural gas industries. It was abolished on
September 30, 1977, when the U.S. Department of Energy
was created. Its functions were divided between the U.S.
Department of Energy and the Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission, an independent regulatory agency.
First Purchase Price: The price for domestic crude oil
reported by the company that owns the crude oil the first
time it is removed from the lease boundary.
192
Flared Natural Gas: Natural gas burned in flares on the

base site or at gas processing plants.
F.O.B. (Free on Board): A sales transaction in which the
seller makes the product available for pick up at a specified
port or terminal at a specified price and the buyer pays for
the subsequent transportation and insurance.
Footage Drilled: Total footage for wells in various categories, as reported for any specified period, includes (1)
the deepest total depth (length of well bores) of all wells
drilled from the surface, (2) the total of all bypassed
footage drilled in connection with reported wells, and
(3) all new footage drilled for directional sidetrack
wells. Footage reported for directional sidetrack wells
does not include footage in the common bore, which is
reported as footage for the original well. In the case of
old wells drilled deeper, the reported footage is that
which was drilled below the total depth of the old well.
Former U.S.S.R.: See Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.).
Fossil Fuel: An energy source formed in the Earths crust
from decayed organic material, such as petroleum, coal,
and natural gas.
Fossil-Fueled Steam-Electric Power Plant: An electricity
generation plant in which the prime mover is a turbine
rotated by high-pressure steam produced in a boiler by heat
from burning fossil fuels.
Fuel Ethanol: Ethanol intended for fuel use. Fuel ethanol
in the United States must be anhydrous (less than 1 percent
water). Fuel ethanol is denatured (made unfit for human
consumption), usually prior to transport from the ethanol
production facility, by adding 2 to 5 volume percent petroleum, typically pentanes plus or conventional motor
gasoline. Fuel ethanol is used principally for blending in
low concentrations with motor gasoline as an oxygenate
or octane enhancer. In high concentrations, it is used to
fuel alternative-fuel vehicles specially designed for its
use. See Alternative-Fuel Vehicle, Denaturant, E85, Ethanol, Fuel Ethanol Minus Denaturant, and Oxygenates.
Fuel Ethanol Minus Denaturant: An unobserved quantity
of anhydrous, biomass-derived, undenatured ethanol for
fuel use. The quantity is obtained by subtracting the estimated denaturant volume from fuel ethanol volume.
Fuel ethanol minus denaturant is counted as renewable
energy, while denaturant is counted as nonrenewable
fuel. See Denaturant, Ethanol, Fuel Ethanol, Nonrenewable Fuels, Oxygenates, and Renewable Energy.
Full-Power Operation: Operation of a nuclear generating
unit at 100 percent of its design capacity. Full-power operation precedes commercial operation.
Gasohol: A blend of finished motor gasoline containing

alcohol (generally ethanol but sometimes methanol) at a
concentration between 5.7 percent and 10 percent by
volume. See Motor Gasoline, Oxygenated.
excludes the energy used to vaporize water (contained in

the original energy form or created during the combustion
process). The U.S. Energy Information Administration typically uses gross heat content values.
Gas Well: A well completed for the production of natural gas

from one or more gas zones or reservoirs. (Wells producing
both crude oil and natural gas are classified as oil wells.)
Heat Rate: A measure of generating station thermal efficiency commonly stated as Btu per kilowatthour. Note:
Heat rates can be expressed as either gross or net heat rates,
depending whether the electricity output is gross or net generation. Heat rates are typically expressed as net heat rates.
Geothermal Energy: Hot water or steam extracted from

geothermal reservoirs in the earths crust and used for
geothermal heat pumps, water heating, or electricity
generation.
Global Warming:
An increase in the near-surface
temperature of the Earth. Global warming has occurred in
the distant past as the result of natural influences, but the
term is today most often used to refer to the warming some
scientists predict will occur as a result of increased anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases. See Climate
Change.
Global Warming Potential (GWP): An index used to
compare the relative radiative forcing of different gases
without directly calculating the changes in atmospheric
concentrations. GWPs are calculated as the ratio of the radiative forcing that would result from the emission of one kilogram of a greenhouse gas to that from the emission of one
kilogram of carbon dioxide over a fixed period of time,
such as 100 years.
Greenhouse Gases: Those gases, such as water vapor,
carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulfur hexafluoride, that are transparent to solar (short-wave) radiation but
opaque to long-wave (infrared) radiation, thus preventing
long-wave radiant energy from leaving Earth's atmosphere.
The net effect is a trapping of absorbed radiation and a
tendency to warm the planet's surface.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP): The total value of goods
and services produced by labor and property located in the
United States. As long as the labor and property are
located in the United States, the supplier (that is, the workers and, for property, the owners) may be either U.S. residents or residents of foreign countries.
GT/IC: Gas turbine and internal combustion plants.
Heat Content: The amount of heat energy available to be
released by the transformation or use of a specified physical
unit of an energy form (e.g., a ton of coal, a barrel of oil, a
kilowatthour of electricity, a cubic foot of natural gas, or a
pound of steam). The amount of heat energy is commonly
expressed in British thermal units (Btu). Note: Heat
content of combustible energy forms can be expressed in
terms of either gross heat content (higher or upper heating
value) or net heat content (lower heating value), depending
upon whether or not the available heat energy includes or
Hydrocarbon: An organic chemical compound of hydrogen and carbon in the gaseous, liquid, or solid phase. The
molecular structure of hydrocarbon compounds varies from
the simplest (methane, the primary constituent of natural
gas) to the very heavy and very complex.
Hydroelectric Power: The production of electricity from
the kinetic energy of falling water.
Hydroelectric Power Plant: A plant in which the turbine
generators are driven by falling water.
Hydroelectric Pumped Storage: Hydroelectricity that is
generated during peak load periods by using water previously pumped into an elevated storage reservoir during
off-peak periods when excess generating capacity is
available to do so. When additional generating capacity
is needed, the water can be released from the reservoir
through a conduit to turbine generators located in a power
plant at a lower level.
Hydrogen (H): The lightest of all gases, hydrogen occurs
chiefly in combination with oxygen in water. It also exists in
acids, bases, alcohols, petroleum, and other hydrocarbons.
Imports: Receipts of goods into the 50 States and the
District of Columbia from U.S. possessions and territories or
from foreign countries.
Independent Power Producer: A corporation, person,
agency, authority, or other legal entity or instrumentality that
owns or operates facilities for the generation of electricity for
use primarily by the public, and that is not an electric utility.
Industrial Sector: An energy-consuming sector that
consists of all facilities and equipment used for
producing, processing, or assembling goods. The industrial sector encompasses the following types of activity:
manufacturing (NAICS codes 31-33); agriculture, forestry,
fishing and hunting (NAICS code 11); mining, including oil
and gas extraction (NAICS code 21); and construction
(NAICS code 23). Overall energy use in this sector is largely
for process heat and cooling and powering machinery,
with lesser amounts used for facility heating, air conditioning, and lighting. Fossil fuels are also used as raw
material inputs to manufactured products. Note: This
sector includes generators that produce electricity and/or
useful thermal output primarily to support the
193
above-mentioned industrial activities. Various EIA

programs differ in sectoral coverage-for more information
see
http://www.eia.gov/neic/datadefinitions/Guideforwebind.htm.
with the purchase, transporting, and insuring of a cargo

from the purchase point to the port of discharge. Not
included are charges incurred at the discharge port (e.g.,
import tariffs or fees, wharfage charges, and demurrage
charges).
Injections (Natural Gas): Natural gas injected into storage reservoirs.
Lease and Plant Fuel: Natural gas used in well, field, and
lease operations (such as gas used in drilling operations,
heaters, dehydrators, and field compressors) and used as
fuel in natural gas processing plants.
Isobutane: A normally gaseous branch-chain hydrocarbon.

It is a colorless paraffinic gas that boils at a temperature of
10.9 F. It is extracted from natural gas or refinery gas
streams. See Butane.
Isobutylene: An olefinic hydrocarbon recovered from
refinery processes or petrochemical processes.
Isopentane: A saturated branched-chain hydrocarbon
obtained by fractionation of natural gasoline or isomerization of normal pentane.
Jet Fuel: A refined petroleum product used in jet
aircraft engines. It includes kerosene-type jet fuel and
naphtha-type jet fuel.
Jet Fuel, Kerosene-Type: A kerosene-based product
with a maximum distillation temperature of 400 F at the
10-percent recovery point and a final maximum boiling
point of 572 F. Fuel specifications are provided in
ASTM Specification D 1655 and Military Specifications
MIL-T-5624P and MIL-T-83133D (Grades JP-5 and
JP-8). It isused primarily for commercial turbojet and
turboprop aircraft engines.
Jet Fuel, Naphtha-Type: A fuel in the heavy naphtha
boiling range, with an average gravity of 52.8 degrees
API, 20 to 90 percent distillation temperatures of 290 to
470 F and meeting Military Specification MIL-T-5624L
(Grade JP-4). It is used by the military for turbojet and
turboprop engines.
Kerosene: A petroleum distillate having a maximum
distillation temperature of 401 F at the 10-percent recovery point, a final boiling point of 572 F, and a minimum
flash point of 100 F. Included are the two grades designated
in ASTM D3699 (No. 1-K and No. 2-K) and all grades of
kerosene called range or stove oil. Kerosene is used in space
heaters, cook stoves, and water heaters; it is suitable for use
as an illuminant when burned in wick lamps.
Lease Condensate: A mixture consisting primarily of

pentanes and heavier hydrocarbons, which is recovered as a
liquid from natural gas in lease or field separation facilities.
Note: This category excludes natural gas liquids, such as
butane and propane, which are recovered at natural gas
processing plants or facilities.
Lignite: The lowest rank of coal, often referred to as brown
coal, used almost exclusively as fuel for steam-electric power
generation. It is brownish-black and has a high inherent moisture content, sometimes as high as 45 percent. The heat
content of lignite ranges from 9 to 17 million Btu per short
ton on a moist, mineral-matter-free basis. The heat content of
lignite consumed in the United States averages 13 million Btu
per short ton, on the as-received basis (i.e., containing both
inherent moisture and mineral matter).
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG): Natural gas (primarily
methane) that has been liquefied by reducing its temperature to -260 F at atmospheric pressure.
Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG): Ethane, ethylene,
propane, propylene, normal butane, butylene, and isobutane
produced at refineries or natural gas processing plants, including plants that fractionate new natural gas plant liquids.
Low-Power Testing: The period of time between a nuclear
generating units initial fuel loading date and the issuance
of its operating (full-power) license. The maximum level of
operation during that period is 5 percent of the units
design thermal rating.
Kilowatthour (kWh): A measure of electricity defined as

a unit of work or energy, measured as 1 kilowatt (1,000
watts) of power expended for 1 hour. One kilowatthour is
equivalent to 3,412 Btu. See Watthour.
Lubricants: Substances used to reduce friction between

bearing surfaces or as process materials either incorporated
into other materials used as processing aids in the manufacturing of other products or as carriers of other materials. Petroleum lubricants may be produced either from
distillates or residues. Other substances may be added to
impart or improve certain required properties. Excluded
are byproducts of lubricating oil refining, such as
aromatic extracts derived from solvent extraction or tars
derived from deasphalting. Included are all grades of
lubricating oils from spindle oil to cylinder oil and those
used in greases. Lubricant categories are paraffinic and
naphthenic.
Landed Costs: The dollar-per-barrel price of crude oil at

the port of discharge. Included are the charges associated
Marketed Production (Natural Gas): Gross withdrawals

less gas used for repressuring, quantities vented and
Kilowatt: A unit of electrical power equal to 1,000 watts.
194
flared, and nonhydrocarbon gases removed in treating or

processing operations. Includes all quantities of gas used
in field and processing operations.
Methane: A colorless, flammable, odorless, hydrocarbon
gas (CH4) that is the principal constituent of natural gas. It is
also an important source of hydrogen in various industrial
processes.
Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE):
An ether,
(CH3)3COCH3, intended for motor gasoline blending. See
Oxygenates.
Methanol: A light, volatile alcohol (CH3OH) eligible for
motor gasoline blending. See Oxygenates.
Miscellaneous Petroleum Products: All finished petroleum products not classified elsewhere-for example, petrolatum, lube refining byproducts (aromatic extracts and
tars), absorption oils, ram-jet fuel, petroleum rocket fuels,
synthetic natural gas feedstocks, and specialty oils.
Motor Gasoline Blending: Mechanical mixing of motor
gasoline blending components and oxygenates as
required, to produce finished motor gasoline. Finished
motor gasoline may be further mixed with other motor
gasoline blending components or oxygenates, resulting in
increased volumes of finished motor gasoline and/or
changes in the formulation of finished motor gasoline (e.g.,
conventional motor gasoline mixed with MTBE to produce
oxygenated motor gasoline).
Motor Gasoline Blending Components: Naphtha (e.g.,
straight-run gasoline, alkylate, reformate, benzene, toluene,
xylene) used for blending or compounding into finished
motor gasoline. These components include reformulated
gasoline blendstock (RBOB) but exclude oxygenates (alcohols, ethers), butane, and pentanes plus. Note: oxygenates are
reported as individual components and are included in the
total for other hydrocarbons, hydrogens, and oxygenates.
Motor Gasoline, Finished: A complex mixture of relatively
volatile hydrocarbons with or without small quantities of
additives, blended to form a fuel suitable for use in sparkignition. Motor gasoline, as defined in ASTM Specification
D-4814 or Federal Specification VV-G-1690C, is characterized as having a boiling range of 122F to 158F at the
10-percent recovery point to 365F to 374F at the
90-percent recovery point. Motor gasoline includes
conventional gasoline, all types of oxygenated gasoline
including gasohol, and reformulated gasoline, but excludes
aviation gasoline. Note: Volumetric data on blending
components, as well as oxygenates, are not counted in data
on finished motor gasoline until the blending components
are blended into the gasoline.
Motor Gasoline Grades: The classification of gasoline by
octane ratings. Each type of gasoline (conventional,
oxygenated, and reformulated) is classified by three
grades: regular, midgrade, and premium. Note: Gasoline

sales are reported by grade in accordance with their classification at the time of sale. In general, automotive octane
requirements are lower at high altitudes. Therefore, in
some areas of the United States, such as the Rocky Mountain States, the octane ratings for the gasoline grades may be
2 or more octane points lower.
Regular Gasoline: Gasoline having an antiknock index, i.e.,
octane rating, greater than or equal to 85 and less than 88.
Note: Octane requirements may vary by altitude. See
Motor Gasoline Grades.
Midgrade Gasoline: Gasoline having an antiknock index,
i.e., octane rating, greater than or equal to 88 and less than or
equal to 90. Note: Octane requirements may vary by
altitude. See Motor Gasoline Grades.
Premium Gasoline: Gasoline having an antiknock index,
i.e., octane rating, greater than 90. Note: Octane requirements may vary by altitude. See Motor Gasoline Grades.
Motor Gasoline, Oxygenated: Finished motor gasoline,
other than reformulated gasoline, having an oxygen
content of 2.7 percent or higher by weight and required
by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to be
sold in areas designated by EPA as carbon monoxide (CO)
nonattainment areas. Note: Oxygenated gasoline excludes
oxygenated fuels program reformulated gasoline (OPRG)
and reformulated gasoline blendstock for oxygenate blending (RBOB). Data on gasohol that has at least 2.7 percent
oxygen, by weight, and is intended for sale inside CO
nonattainment areas are included in data on oxygenated
gasoline. Other data on gasohol are included in data on
conventional gasoline.
Motor Gasoline, Reformulated: Finished motor gasoline
formulated for use in motor vehicles, the composition and
properties of which meet the requirements of the reformulated gasoline regulations promulgated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under Section 211(k) of the
Clean Air Act. Note: This category includes oxygenated
fuels program reformulated gasoline (OPRG) but excludes
reformulated gasoline blendstock for oxygenate blending
(RBOB).
Motor Gasoline Retail Prices: Motor gasoline prices calculated each month by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) in
conjunction with the construction of the Consumer Price
Index (CPI). Those prices are collected in 85 urban areas
selected to represent all urban consumers-about 80 percent
of the total U.S. population. The service stations are
selected initially, and on a replacement basis, in such a way
that they represent the purchasing habits of the CPI population. Service stations in the current sample include those
providing all types of service (i.e., full-, mini-, and selfservice.
Motor Gasoline (Total): For stock level data, a sum
including finished motor gasoline stocks plus stocks of
195
motor gasoline blending components but excluding stocks

of oxygenates.
MTBE: See Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether.
NAICS (North American Industry Classification
System): A coding system developed jointly by the
United States, Canada, and Mexico to classify businesses
and industries according to the type of economic activity
in which they are engaged. NAICS replaces the Standard
Industrial Classification (SIC) codes. For additional
information on NAICS, go to
http://www.census.gov/eos/www/naics/.
Naphtha: A generic term applied to a petroleum fraction
with an approximate boiling range between 122 and 400 F.
Natural Gas:
A gaseous mixture of hydrocarbon
compounds, primarily methane, used as a fuel for electricity generation and in a variety of ways in buildings, and as
raw material input and fuel for industrial processes.
Natural Gas, Dry: Natural gas which remains after: 1)
the liquefiable hydrocarbon portion has been removed
from the gas stream (i.e., gas after lease, field, and/or
plant separation); and 2) any volumes of nonhydrocarbon gases have been removed where they occur in sufficient quantity to render the gas unmarketable. Note: Dry
natural gas is also known as consumer-grade natural gas.
The parameters for measurement are cubic feet at 60
degrees Fahrenheit and 14.73 pounds per square inch
absolute.
Natural Gas (Dry) Production: The process of producing consumer-grade natural gas. Natural gas withdrawn
from reservoirs is reduced by volumes used at the
production (lease) site and by processing losses. Volumes
used at the production site include 1) the volume returned
to reservoirs in cycling, repressuring of oil reservoirs,
and conservation operations; and 2) gas vented and
flared. Processing losses include 1) nonhydrocarbon
gases (e.g., water vapor, carbon dioxide, helium, hydrogen sulfide, and nitrogen) removed from the gas stream;
and 2) gas converted to liquid form, such as lease
condensate and plant liquids. Volumes of dry gas withdrawn from gas storage reservoirs are not considered part
of production. Dry natural gas production equals
marketed production less extraction loss.
Natural Gas Marketed Production: Gross withdrawals of
natural gas from production reservoirs, less gas used for
reservoir repressuring; nonhydrocarbon gases removed in
treating and processing operations; and quantities vented
and flared.
Natural Gas Plant Liquids (NGPL): Natural gas liquids
recovered from natural gas in processing plants and, in
some situations, from natural gas field facilities, as well
as those extracted by fractionators. Natural gas plant
196
liquids are defined according to the published specifications of the Gas Processors Association and the American
Society for Testing and Material as follows: ethane,
propane, normal butane, isobutane, pentanes plus, and other
products from natural gas processing plants (i.e., products
meeting the standards for finished petroleum products
produced at natural gas processing plants, such as finished
motor gasoline, finished aviation gasoline, special naphthas,
kerosene, distillate fuel oil, and miscellaneous products).
Natural Gas Wellhead Price: The wellhead price of
natural gas is calculated by dividing the total reported
value at the wellhead by the total quantity produced as
reported by the appropriate agencies of individual
producing States and the U.S. Minerals Management
Service. The price includes all costs prior to shipment
from the lease, including gathering and compression
costs, in addition to State production, severance, and
similar charges.
Natural Gasoline: A mixture of hydrocarbons (mostly
pentanes and heavier) extracted from natural gas that
meets vapor pressure, end-point, and other specifications
for natural gasoline set by the Gas Processors
Association. Includes isopentane, which is a saturated
branch-chain hydrocarbon obtained by fractionation of
natural gasoline or isomerization of normal pentane.
Net Summer Capacity:
The maximum output,
commonly expressed in kilowatts (kW) or megawatts
(MW), that generating equipment can supply to system
load, as demonstrated by a multi-hour test, at the time of
summer peak demand (period of June 1 through September 30). This output reflects a reduction in capacity due to
electricity use for station service or auxiliaries.
Neutral Zone: A 6,200 square-mile area shared equally
between Kuwait and Saudi Arabia under a 1992
agreement. The Neutral Zone contains an estimated 5
billion barrels of oil and 8 trillion cubic feet of natural gas.
Nominal Dollars:
price.
A measure used to express nominal
Nominal Price: The price paid for a product or service

at the time of the transaction. Nominal prices are those
that have not been adjusted to remove the effect of
changes in the purchasing power of the dollar; they
reflect buying power in the year in which the transaction
occurred.
Non-Biomass Waste: Material of non-biological origin
that is a byproduct or a discarded product. Non-biomass
waste includes municipal solid waste from non-biogenic
sources, such as plastics, and tire-derived fuels.
Nonhydrocarbon Gases: Typical nonhydrocarbon gases
that may be present in reservoir natural gas are carbon
dioxide, helium, hydrogen sulfide, and nitrogen.
Nonrenewable Fuels: Fuels that cannot be easily made or

"renewed," such as crude oil, natural gas, and coal.
Nuclear Electric Power (Nuclear Power): Electricity
generated by the use of the thermal energy released from the
fission of nuclear fuel in a reactor.
(1971present), Qatar (1961present), Saudi Arabia

(1960present), United Arab Emirates (1967present), and
Venezuela (1960present). Countries no longer members of
OPEC include Gabon (19751994) and Indonesia
(19622008).
Nuclear Electric Power Plant: A single-unit or multiunit

facility in which heat produced in one or more reactors by
the fissioning of nuclear fuel is used to drive one or more
steam turbines.
Oxygenates: Substances which, when added to gasoline,

increase the amount of oxygen in that gasoline blend.
Ethanol, Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE), Ethyl
Tertiary Butyl Ether (ETBE), and methanol are common
oxygenates.
Nuclear Reactor: An apparatus in which a nuclear fission

chain reaction can be initiated, controlled, and sustained at a
specific rate. A reactor includes fuel (fissionable material),
moderating material to control the rate of fission, a heavywalled pressure vessel to house reactor components, shielding to protect personnel, a system to conduct heat away from
the reactor, and instrumentation for monitoring and controlling the reactor's systems.
PAD Districts: Petroleum Administration for Defense

Districts. Geographic aggregations of the 50 States and the
District of Columbia into five districts for the Petroleum
Administration for Defense in 1950. The districts were
originally instituted for economic and geographic reasons as
Petroleum Administration for War (PAW) Districts, which
were established in 1942.
OECD: See Organization for Economic Cooperation

and Development.
Pentanes Plus: A mixture of hydrocarbons, mostly pentanes

and heavier, extracted from natural gas. Includes isopentane,
natural gasoline, and plant condensate.
Offshore: That geographic area that lies seaward of the

coastline. In general, the coastline is the line of ordinary low
water along with that portion of the coast that is in direct
contact with the open sea or the line marking the seaward
limit of inland water.
Oil: See Crude Oil.
OPEC: See Organization of the Petroleum Exporting
Countries.
Operable Unit (Nuclear): In the United States, a nuclear
generating unit that has completed low-power testing and
been issued a full-power operating license by the Nuclear
Regulatory Commission, or equivalent permission to
operate.
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD): An international organization helping
governments tackle the economic, social and governance
challenges of a globalized economy. Its membership
comprises about 30 member countries. With active relationships with some 70 other countries, non-governmental
organizations (NGOs) and civil society, it has a global reach.
For details about the organization, see http://www.oecd.org.
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
(OPEC): An intergovernmental organization whose stated
objective is to "coordinate and unify the petroleum policies
of member countries." It was created at the Baghdad
Conference on September 1014, 1960. Current members
(with years of membership) include Algeria (1969present),
Angola (2007present), Ecuador (19731992 and
2007present), Iran (1960present), Iraq (1960present),
Kuwait (1960present), Libya (1962present), Nigeria
Petrochemical Feedstocks: Chemical feedstocks derived

from petroleum principally for the manufacture of chemicals,
synthetic rubber, and a variety of plastics.
Petroleum: A broadly defined class of liquid hydrocarbon
mixtures. Included are crude oil, lease condensate, unfinished oils, refined products obtained from the processing of
crude oil, and natural gas plant liquids. Note: Volumes of
finished petroleum products include nonhydrocarbon
compounds, such as additives and detergents, after they have
been blended into the products.
Petroleum Coke: See Coke, Petroleum.
Petroleum Consumption:
(Petroleum).
See
Products
Supplied
Petroleum Imports: Imports of petroleum into the 50

States and the District of Columbia from foreign countries
and from Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and other U.S.
territories and possessions. Included are imports for the
Strategic Petroleum Reserve and withdrawals from bonded
warehouses for onshore consumption, offshore bunker use,
and military use. Excluded are receipts of foreign petroleum into bonded warehouses and into U.S. territories and
U.S. Foreign Trade Zones.
Petroleum Products: Products obtained from the processing
of crude oil (including lease condensate), natural gas, and
other hydrocarbon compounds. Petroleum products include
unfinished oils, liquefied petroleum gases, pentanes plus,
aviation gasoline, motor gasoline, naphtha-type jet fuel,
kerosene-type jet fuel, kerosene, distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, petrochemical feedstocks, special naphthas,
197
lubricants, waxes, petroleum coke, asphalt, road oil, still

gas, and miscellaneous products.
Petroleum Stocks, Primary: For individual products,
quantities that are held at refineries, in pipelines, and at
bulk terminals that have a capacity of 50,000 barrels or
more, or that are in transit thereto. Stocks held by product
retailers and resellers, as well as tertiary stocks held at the
point of consumption, are excluded. Stocks of individual
products held at gas processing plants are excluded from
individual product estimates but are included in other oils
estimates and total.
Photovoltaic Energy: Direct-current electricity generated
from sunlight through solid-state semiconductor devices
that have no moving parts.
Pipeline Fuel:
Gas consumed in the operation of
pipelines, primarily in compressors.
Plant Condensate: One of the natural gas liquids, mostly
pentanes and heavier hydrocarbons, recovered and separated
as liquid at gas inlet separators or scrubbers in processing
plants.
Primary Energy: Energy in the form that it is first
accounted for in a statistical energy balance, before any
transformation to secondary or tertiary forms of
energy. For example, coal can be converted to synthetic
gas, which can be converted to electricity; in this example,
coal is primary energy, synthetic gas is secondary energy,
and electricity is tertiary energy. See Primary Energy
Production and Primary Energy Consumption.
Primary Energy Consumption:
Consumption of
primary energy. (Energy sources that are produced from
other energy sourcese.g., coal coke from coalare
included in primary energy consumption only if their
energy content has not already been included as part of the
original energy source. Thus, U.S. primary energy
consumption does include net imports of coal coke, but
not the coal coke produced from domestic coal.) The
U.S. Energy Information Administration includes the
following in U.S. primary energy consumption: coal
consumption; coal coke net imports; petroleum
consumption (petroleum products supplied, including
natural gas plant liquids and crude oil burned as fuel);
dry natural gasexcluding supplemental gaseous
fuelsconsumption; nuclear electricity net generation
(converted to Btu using the nuclear plants heat rate);
conventional
hydroelectricity
net
generation
(converted to Btu using the fossil-fueled plants heat
rate); geothermal electricity net generation (converted
to Btu using the fossil-fueled plants heat rate), and
geothermal heat pump energy and geothermal direct use
energy; solar thermal and photovoltaic electricity net
generation (converted to Btu using the fossil-fueled
plants heat rate), and solar thermal direct use energy;
wind electricity net generation (converted to Btu using
198
the fossil-fueled plants heat rate); wood and woodderived fuels consumption; biomass waste consumption;
fuel ethanol and biodiesel consumption; losses and
co-products from the production of fuel ethanol and biodiesel; and electricity net imports (converted to Btu using the
electricity heat content of 3,412 Btu per kilowatthour). See
Total Energy Consumption.
Primary Energy Production: Production of primary
energy. The U.S. Energy Information Administration
includes the following in U.S. primary energy production:
coal production, waste coal supplied, and coal refuse
recovery; crude oil and lease condensate production;
natural gas plant liquids production; dry natural
gasexcluding supplemental gaseous fuelsproduction; nuclear electricity net generation (converted to
Btu using the nuclear plants heat rate); conventional
hydroelectricity net generation (converted to Btu using
the fossil-fueled plants heat rate); geothermal electricity
net generation (converted to Btu using the fossil-fueled
plants heat rate), and geothermal heat pump energy and
geothermal direct use energy; solar thermal and photovoltaic electricity net generation (converted to Btu using
the fossil-fueled plants heat rate), and solar thermal
direct use energy; wind electricity net generation
(converted to Btu using the fossil-fueled plants heat rate);
wood and wood-derived fuels consumption; biomass
waste consumption; and biofuels feedstock.
Prime Mover: The engine, turbine, water wheel, or similar machine that drives an electric generator; or, for reporting purposes, a device that converts energy to electricity
directly.
Products Supplied (Petroleum): Approximately represents consumption of petroleum products because it measures the disappearance of these products from primary
sources, i.e., refineries, natural gas-processing plants,
blending plants, pipelines, and bulk terminals. In general,
product supplied of each product in any given period is
computed as follows: field production, plus refinery
production, plus imports, plus unaccounted-for crude oil
(plus net receipts when calculated on a PAD District
basis) minus stock change, minus crude oil losses, minus
refinery inputs, and minus exports.
Propane: A normally gaseous straight-chain hydrocarbon (C3H8). It is a colorless paraffinic gas that boils at a
temperature of -43.67 F. It is extracted from natural gas
or refinery gas streams. It includes all products designated
in ASTM Specification D1835 and Gas Processors Association Specifications for commercial propane and HD-5
propane.
Propylene: An olefinic hydrocarbon (C3H6) recovered
from refinery or petrochemical processes.
Real Dollars: These are dollars that have been adjusted
for inflation. See Real Price.
Real Price: A price that has been adjusted to remove the

effect of changes in the purchasing power of the dollar. Real
prices, which are expressed in constant dollars, usually
reflect buying power relative to a base year.
Refiner Acquisition Cost of Crude Oil: The cost of crude
oil to the refiner, including transportation and fees. The
composite cost is the weighted average of domestic and
imported crude oil costs.
Refinery and Blender Net Inputs: Raw materials, unfinished oils, and blending components processed at refineries,
or blended at refineries or petroleum storage terminals to
produce finished petroleum products. Included are gross
inputs of crude oil, natural gas plant liquids, other hydrocarbon raw materials, hydrogen, oxygenates (excluding
fuel ethanol), and renewable fuels (including fuel
ethanol). Also included are net inputs of unfinished oils,
motor gasoline blending components, and aviation
gasoline blending components. Net inputs are calculated
as gross inputs minus gross production. Negative net
inputs indicate gross inputs are less than gross production.
Examples of negative net inputs include reformulated
gasoline blendstock for oxygenate blending (RBOB)
produced at refineries for shipment to blending terminals,
and unfinished oils produced and added to inventory in
advance of scheduled maintenance of a refinery crude oil
distillation unit.
Refinery and Blender Net Production: Liquefied refinery
gases, and finished petroleum products produced at a
refinery or petroleum storage terminal blending facility.
Net production equals gross production minus gross
inputs. Negative net production indicates gross production is less than gross inputs for a finished petroleum
product. Examples of negative net production include
reclassification of one finished product to another
finished product, or reclassification of a finished product
to unfinished oils or blending components.
Refinery (Petroleum): An installation that manufactures
finished petroleum products from crude oil, unfinished oils,
natural gas liquids, other hydrocarbons, and alcohol.
Refuse Mine: A surface site where coal is recovered from
previously mined coal. It may also be known as a silt bank,
culm bank, refuse bank, slurry dam, or dredge operation.
Refuse Recovery: The recapture of coal from a refuse
mine or the coal recaptured by that process. The resulting
product has been cleaned to reduce the concentration of
noncombustible materials.
Renewable Energy: Energy obtained from sources that are
essentially inexhaustible (unlike, for example, the fossil
fuels, of which there is a finite supply). Renewable sources
of energy include conventional hydrolectric power,
biomass, geothermal, solar, and wind.
Repressuring: The injection of a pressurized fluid (such as

air, gas, or water) into oil and gas reservoir formations to
effect greater ultimate recovery.
Residential Sector: An energy-consuming sector that
consists of living quarters for private households. Common
uses of energy associated with this sector include space heating, water heating, air conditioning, lighting, refrigeration,
cooking, and running a variety of other appliances. The
residential sector excludes institutional living quarters.
Note: Various EIA programs differ in sectoral coverage for
more information see
http://www.eia.gov/neic/datadefinitions/Guideforwebres.htm. See
End-Use Sectors and Energy-Use Sectors.
Residual Fuel Oil: The heavier oils that remain after the
distillate fuel oils and lighter hydrocarbons are distilled
away in refinery operations and that conform to ASTM
Specifications D396 and 975. Included are No. 5, a residual fuel oil of medium viscosity; Navy Special, for use in
steam-powered vessels in government service and in shore
power plants; and No. 6, which includes Bunker C fuel oil
and is used for commercial and industrial heating, for electricity generation, and to power ships. Imports of residual
fuel oil include imported crude oil burned as fuel.
Road Oil: Any heavy petroleum oil, including residual
asphaltic oil used as a dust palliative and surface treatment
on roads and highways. It is generally produced in six
grades, from 0, the most liquid, to 5, the most viscous.
Rotary Rig: A machine used for drilling wells that employs a
rotating tube attached to a bit for boring holes through rock.
Short Ton (Coal): A unit of weight equal to 2,000 pounds.
SIC (Standard Industrial Classification): A set of codes
developed by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget
which categorizes industries into groups with similar
economic activities. Replaced by NAICS (North American Industry Classification System).
Solar Energy: See Solar Thermal Energy and Photovoltaic Energy.
Solar Thermal Energy: The radiant energy of the sun that
can be converted into other forms of energy, such as heat or
electricity.
Special Naphthas: All finished products within the naphtha
boiling ranges that are used as paint thinner, cleaners or
solvents. Those products are refined to a specified flash
point. Special naphthas include all commercial hexane and
cleaning solvents conforming to ASTM Specifications
D1836 and D484, respectively. Naphthas to be blended or
marketed as motor gasoline or aviation gasoline, or that are
to be used as petrochemical and synthetic natural gas (SNG)
feedstocks, are excluded.
199
Station Use: Energy that is used to operate an electric

power plant. It includes energy consumed for plant lighting,
power, and auxiliary facilities, regardless of whether the
energy is produced at the plant or comes from another source.
Steam Coal: All nonmetallurgical coal.
Steam-Electric Power Plant: A plant in which the prime
mover is a steam turbine. The steam used to drive the turbine
is produced in a boiler where fossil fuels are burned.
Still Gas (Refinery Gas): Any form or mixture of gas
produced in refineries by distillation, cracking, reforming,
and other processes. The principal constituents are methane, ethane, ethylene, normal butane, butylene, propane,
and propylene. It is used primarily as refinery fuel and,
petrochemical feedstock.
Stocks: See Coal Stocks, Crude Oil Stocks, or Petroleum Stocks, Primary.
Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR): Petroleum stocks
maintained by the Federal Government for use during periods of major supply interruption.
Subbituminous Coal: A coal whose properties range
from those of lignite to those of bituminous coal and
used primarily as fuel for steam-electric power generation. It may be dull, dark brown to black, soft and crumbly, at the lower end of the range, to bright, jet black,
hard, and relatively strong, at the upper end. Subbituminous coal contains 20 to 30 percent inherent moisture
by weight. The heat content of subbituminous coal
ranges from 17 to 24 million Btu per short ton on a
moist, mineral-matter-free basis. The heat content of
subbituminous coal consumed in the United States averages 17 to 18 million Btu per ton, on the as-received
basis (i.e., containing both inherent moisture and
mineral matter).
Supplemental Gaseous Fuels: Synthetic natural gas,
propane-air, coke oven gas, refinery gas, biomass gas, air
injected for Btu stabilization, and manufactured gas
commingled and distributed with natural gas.
Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG): (Also referred to as
substitute natural gas) A manufactured product, chemically similar in most respects to natural gas, resulting
from the conversion or reforming of hydrocarbons that
may easily be substituted for or interchanged with
pipeline-quality natural gas.
Thermal Conversion Factor: A factor for converting data
between physical units of measure (such as barrels, cubic
feet, or short tons) and thermal units of measure (such as
British thermal units, calories, or joules); or for converting data between different thermal units of measure. See
Btu Conversion Factor.
200
Total Energy Consumption: Primary energy consumption in the end-use sectors, plus electricity retail sales
and electrical system energy losses.
Transportation Sector: An energy-consuming sector that
consists of all vehicles whose primary purpose is transporting people and/or goods from one physical location to
another. Included are automobiles; trucks; buses;
motorcycles; trains, subways, and other rail vehicles; aircraft;
and ships, barges, and other waterborne vehicles. Vehicles
whose primary purpose is not transportation (e.g., construction cranes and bulldozers, farming vehicles, and warehouse
tractors and forklifts) are classified in the sector of their
primary use. Note: Various EIA programs differ in sectoral
coverage-for more information see
http://www.eia.gov/neic/datadefinitions/Guideforwebtrans.htm

Underground Storage: The storage of natural gas in
underground reservoirs at a different location from which it
was produced.
Unfinished Oils: All oils requiring further refinery processing except those requiring only mechanical blending.
Includes naphthas and lighter oils, kerosene and light gas
oils, heavy gas oils, and residuum.
Unfractionated Stream: Mixtures of unsegregated natural
gas liquid components, excluding those in plant
condensate. This product is extracted from natural gas.
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.): A political entity that consisted of 15 constituent republics: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. The U.S.S.R. ceased
to exist as of December 31, 1991.
United States: The 50 States and the District of
Columbia. Note: The United States has varying degrees of
jurisdiction over a number of territories and other political
entities outside the 50 States and the District of Columbia,
including Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam,
American Samoa, Johnston Atoll, Midway Islands, Wake
Island, and the Northern Mariana Islands. EIA data
programs may include data from some or all of these areas
in U.S. totals. For these programs, data products will
contain notes explaining the extent of geographic coverage
included under the term "United States."
Useful Thermal Output: The thermal energy made available in a combined-heat-and-power system for use in any
industrial or commercial process, heating or cooling
application, or delivered to other end users, i.e., total thermal energy made available for processes and applications
other than electrical generation.
U.S.S.R.: See Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
(U.S.S.R.).
Vented Natural Gas: Gas released into the air on the

production site or at processing plants.
Vessel Bunkering: Includes sales for the fueling of
commercial or private boats, such as pleasure craft, fishing
boats, tugboats, and ocean-going vessels, including vessels
operated by oil companies. Excluded are volumes sold to
the U.S. Armed Forces.
Waste Coal: Usable material that is a byproduct of previous coal processing operations. Waste coal is usually
composed of mixed coal, soil, and rock (mine waste). Most
waste coal is burned as-is in unconventional fluidized-bed
combustors. For some uses, waste coal may be partially
cleaned by removing some extraneous noncombustible
constituents. Examples of waste coal include fine coal, coal
obtained from a refuse bank or slurry dam, anthracite culm,
bituminous gob, and lignite waste.
Waste: See Biomass Waste and Non-Biomass Waste.
Watt (W): The unit of electrical power equal to one ampere
under a pressure of one volt. A watt is equal to 1/746 horsepower.
Watthour (Wh): The electrical energy unit of measure
equal to one watt of power supplied to, or taken from, an
electric circuit steadily for one hour.
Waxes: Solid or semisolid material derived from petroleum distillates or residues. Waxes are light-colored, more
or less translucent crystalline masses, slightly greasy to the
touch, consisting of a mixture of solid hydrocarbons in
which the paraffin series predominates. Included are all
marketable waxes, whether crude scale or fully refined.
Waxes are used primarily as industrial coating for surface
protection.
Wellhead Price: The value of crude oil or natural gas at
the mouth of the well.
Wind Energy: Kinetic energy present in wind motion that
can be converted to mechanical energy for driving pumps,
mills, and electric power generators.
Wood and Wood-Derived Fuels: Wood and products
derived from wood that are used as fuel, including round
wood (cord wood), limb wood, wood chips, bark, sawdust,
forest residues, charcoal, paper pellets, railroad ties, utility
poles, black liquor, red liquor, sludge wood, spent sulfite
liquor, and other wood-based solids and liquids.
Working Gas: The volume of gas in a reservoir that is in
addition to the base gas. It may or may not be completely
withdrawn during any particular withdrawal season.
Conditions permitting, the total working capacity could be
used more than once during any season.
201

Energy - What Ur Government Doesn't Want U To Know

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DOE/EI

Monthly Energy Review

Important Notes About the Data

Released: January 28, 2013

Monthly Energy Review

U.S. Energy Information Administration

Energy Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dianne R. Dunn

Energy Consumption by Sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dianne R. Dunn

Petroleum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jennifer Barrick

Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amy Sweeney

Crude Oil and Natural Gas Resource Development . . . Robert F. King

Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nicholas Paduano

Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ronald S. Hankey

Nuclear Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Michael P. Mobilia

Petroleum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maureen Klein

Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amy Sweeney

Average Retail Prices of Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Charlene Harris-Russell

10. Renewable Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gwendolyn Bredehoeft

11. International Petroleum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patricia Smith

12. Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Perry Lindstrom

U.S. Energy Information Administration / Monthly Energy Review January 2013

Energy Consumption by Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Crude Oil and Natural Gas Resource Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Nuclear Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Energy Prices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Renewable Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

International Petroleum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

British Thermal Unit Conversion Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171

Metric Conversion Factors, Metric Prefixes, and Other

U.S. Energy Information Administration / Monthly Energy Review January 2013

Energy Consumption by Sector

Crude Oil and Natural Gas Resource Development

U.S. Energy Information Administration / Monthly Energy Review January 2013

Section 10. Renewable Energy

U.S. Energy Information Administration / Monthly Energy Review January 2013

Section 11. International Petroleum

Section 12. Environment

British Thermal Unit Conversion Factors

U.S. Energy Information Administration / Monthly Energy Review January 2013

Energy Consumption by Sector

Crude Oil and Natural Gas Resource Development

U.S. Energy Information Administration / Monthly Energy Review January 2013

Section 10. Renewable Energy

Section 12. Environment

U.S. Energy Information Administration / Monthly Energy Review January 2013

Energy Consumption by1.Sector

Primary Energy Overview

Consumption, Production, and Imports, 1973-2011

Consumption, Production, and Imports, Monthly

Overview, October 2012

Net Imports, January-October

Web Page: http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/#summary.

U.S. Energy Information Administration / Monthly Energy Review January 2013

Table 1.1 Primary Energy Overview

2010 January ................

2011 January ................

Notes: See "Primary Energy," "Primary Energy Production," and "Primary

U.S. Energy Information Administration / Monthly Energy Review January 2013

Primary Energy Production

Crude Oil and NGPLa

Crude Oil and NGPLa

Nuclear Electric Power

By Source, October 2012