Lecture 12

Boundary Value Problems

UCF
Poissons and Laplaces Equations
0
2
2
= V
= V
V
V
V
c

( ) 0 = V V V c
( )
V
V c = V V = V D
From electrostatic equations:

= V
= V
V
D
E

0
In simple media
V = V E
Or
V V = = c cE D
For source free region, we have
( )
V
V c = V V
Then
If the dielectric distribution is uniform
Laplaces Equation
Poissons Equation
UCF
Uniqueness Theorem
0
2
2
= V
= V
V
V
V
c

n
a
( )
V
V c = V V = V D
For
n
V
c
c
n
V
c
c
If on the boundary, V or is given, the solution is unique.
Laplaces Equation
Poissons Equation
or
given
V given
UCF
Proof of Uniqueness Theorem (1)
( )
( ) ( )
| | | |
| | ) (
) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (
have we , let we if

formula math From
0 or 0
have we given, is or either since boundary, On the
0 ) (
have we
Equations, s Laplace' or s Poisson' satisfy and solutions two Assuming
2
2 1
2
2 1 2 1
2
2 1 2 1 2 1
2 1
2
2
boundary on
2 1
boundary on 2 1
2 1
2
2 1
V V
V V V V V V V V V V
V V
n
V
n
V
V V
n
V
V
V V
V V
V =
V + V = V V
=
V + V = V V
=
|
.
|

\
|
c
c

c
c
=
c
c
= V
|
| | | | |
Proof:
UCF
Proof of Uniqueness Theorem (2)
| | | |


solutions. identical two giving
Therefore, given. is when
0 boundary on the since zero be to evaluated easily be can constant The
constant
or
0 ) (
have Then we
condition) boundary (from 0 ) )( (
Theorem) s Gauss' (from ) ( ) (
) ( ) ( ) (
have we e, over volum equation above the g Integratin
2 1
2 1
2 1
2 1
S
2 1
2 1
S
2 1 2 1
2 1 2 1
2
2 1
V V
V
V V
V V
V V
dS
n
V
n
V
V V
V V V V
dV V V V V dV V V
=
=
=
= V
=
c
c

c
c
=
V =
V V = V
}}
}}
}}} }}}
dS
UCF
Laplaces Equations
Rectangular (Cartesian) Coordinate
Polar (Cylindrical) Coordinate
Spherical Coordinate
UCF
Procedure to Find Capacitance
0
0
Specify voltage between 2 conductors ( )
Find from Laplace equation
on conductor boundary
from
s n
s
V
V
V
D
Q
Q
C
V
c

= V
=
=
=
E
D E
UCF
Example 301
x=d
x=0
( ) D x D
0
( )
s x
D x
=
=
0
Find capacitance of parallel plate capacitor with (air) filled c
2
2
0
0
(0) 0
( )
d V
dx
V
V d V

2
0, 0 V
y z
c c
V = = =
c c
0
( )
V
V x x
d
=
UCF
Example 302
2
2
0
3
do last example
0, 0
Use generalized Laplace's equation
[ ( ) ] 0
( )
( ) 0
(0) 0
( )
r
r
r
r
x
d
y z
d dV
x
dx dx
d x d V dV
x
dx dx dx
V
V d V
c
c
c
c
= +
c c
= =
c c
=

+ =

UCF
Example 303
0
0
V
V
r
|
c
=
c
c
=
c
2
2 2
1
(sin ) 0
sin
V
V
r
u
u u u
c c
V = =
c c
(sin ) 0
d dV
d d
u
u u
=
2
2
0
sin cos 0
( ) 0
( )
d V dV
d d
V
V V
u u
u u
|

+ =

c =