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S 93
n acest numr al revistei sunt prezentate rezultatele cercetarilor interdisciplinare ale
colectivelor tiinifice internaionale privind problemele actuale care se evideniaz prin
valoarea i prioritatea sa, i anume: coninutul filosofic, valoric i cultural al integrrii europene
realizat n cadrul proiectelor Consiliului Europei, UNESCO; mecanismele democratice ale
politicii sociale referitor la statutul social, politic i juridic al minoritii etnice gguze;
strategiile politice ale sindicatelor din Republica Moldova .a. prin prisma conceptelor
europene i abordrilor internaionale n cadrul proiectelor europene INTAS. Aceste proiecte
lrgesc baza teoretico-metodologic de predare i pregtire a studenilor ciclului doi, masterat,
la specialitile politologie, relaii internaionale, administraia public .a. cu scopul de a
contribui la dezvoltarea abilitilor privind analiza comparat politic, nsuirea metodelor
moderne de cercetare.
Materialele sunt adresate att cadrelor didactice, studenilor, lucrtorilor
administraiei publice, sectorului guvernamental i celui nonguvernamental, ct i
tuturor celor interesai de domeniul relaiilor internaionale.
RECENZENI:
Alexandru ROCA, academician al AM, prof. univ.
Oleg CASIADI, dr. conf.
COLEGIUL DE REDACIE:
doctor hab., conf. V. Teosa (redactor-ef); doctor, conf., ambasador E. Ciobu;
doctor hab., profesor C.Eanu; doctor hab., profesor V. Moneaga; doctor hab., conf.
G. Vasilescu; doctor, conf. Gh. Cldare; doctor, conf. D. Ilaciuc; doctor, conf.
V. Bor; doctor, lector sup. A. Colachi; doctor, lector sup. A. Lavric.
CAMEREI NAIONALE
CRII
4
ISBN 978-9975-70-011-5
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USM, 2007
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SUMAR
A.
,
...............................7
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SUMMARY
Roca A.
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,
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Studii internaionale: viziuni din
Moldova
.
, 2006 ,
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,
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.
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, .
,
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Valentina STAN,
doctor n tiine politice,
confereniar universitar,
Catedra tiine Politice i Educaie Civic, USM
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Ibidem, p.113-125.
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Teoca . :
// Coord. V.Moneaga. - Chiinu: CEP USM, 2006, c. 152-154.
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Silva Sriyan de, Is Globalization the Reason for National Socio-Economic problems / Geneva:
International Labour Office, bureau for Employers `Activities: 2001., p. 16 -18.
8
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exercit aceast funcie. n asemenea cazuri, statul este obligat s ofere acestor
instituii condiiile necesare pentru ncadrarea lor plenar n procesul
socializrii. Sistemul educaional i instruirea profesional sunt instituiile ce
particip la acest proces i se adapteaz la noile condiii economice: creterea
concurenei, crearea noilor locuri de munc. Acest proces const n elaborarea
strategiilor i a politicilor funcionale pe un termen lung, pentru a soluiona
problemele sociale la etapa actual. Integrarea Republicii Moldova n Procesul
Bologna este un pas evident spre Uniunea European. Acest proces presupune
pregtirea specialitilor conform standardelor europene, ce ar oferi i alte
posibiliti de angajare a tineretului n cmpul muncii.
n Republica Moldova au fost ntreprinse unele eforturi cu privire la
modificarea legislaiei, ce s-au reflectat integral n sistemul politicii sociale i au
influenat procesul de interaciune a factorilor politicii sociale, ns nu au oprit
procesele negative n sfera de activitate i scderea nivelului de trai al unui
numr impuntor de oameni, inclusiv al celor mai activi. Conform datelor
excerptate din rapoartele naionale ale ONU, din cauza migraiei spontane a
forei de munc, Republica Moldova a suportat pierderi calitative i cantitative
considerabile ale potenialului uman.9
Reformele legislative n domeniul social nu au contribuit la stoparea
scderii bunstrii populaiei, ce a durat pe parcursul anilor 90, plasnd
Republica Moldova n rndul celor mai srace ri din Europa. Retrospectiva
istoric a degradrii sociale i a reducerii nivelului de trai n perioada de
tranziie demonstreaz nu numai necesitatea unor schimbri permanente n
politicile sociale, dar i a unor relaii cu politica dezvoltrii umane.
Argumentarea sociouman a politicii sociale n noile condiii sociopolitice
solicit concretizri i aciuni complexe, n vederea realizrii practicilor sociale.
Ele sunt destinate pentru a da rspunsuri reale la ntrebrile actuale legate de
dezvoltarea social i de cea uman n Moldova, de soluionarea problemelor
din sfera muncii: migraia de munc nelegal, economia tenebr, dezvoltarea
businessului mic i altele. n sistemul politicilor sociale, aplicabile n sfera
muncii, trebuie incluse i msurile politico-organizaionale ce vor permite
coordonarea programelor de instruire cu cele practice, asigurarea unui suport
financiar pentru scopuri sociale, orientate spre business i spre o economie util.
Astfel, la acest nceput de nou mileniu, politica global de dezvoltare
uman cpt un caracter civilizat i este acceptat ca un factor de
umanizare i de socializare n constituirea mecanismelor de pia n
contextul politicii sociale la nivel naional. n consecin, elementul uman al
9
Teoca . :
, c. 155-165.
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/ ... . . : , 1997, . 57.
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20
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22
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6.
7.
8.
Bibliografie:
Rusnac Gh., Sacovici V. Globalistica. Chiinu: CEP USM, 2007.- 328 p.
, 55/2,
c 8 2000 .- http://undp. md
. . / Robert H.
Haveman, facts vs. Fiction in Social Policy/ Challenge: mar/Apr 1988:; 31,2;
Academic research Library. - P.23 -28.
.
/ . .. . ..: , 1997.- 496 .
Silva Sriyan de. Is Globalization the Reason for National Socio-Economic problems /
Geneva: International Labour Office, bureau for Employers `Activities: 2001. 60 .
: ,
. IV(1), IV(2),
, 91- . , 2003 .- http://laborsta.ilo.org
2002 :
. -: , 2002.- 278 c.
Teoca . :
// Coord. V.Moneaga. - Chiinu: CEP USM, 2006. 406 c.
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I. PROBLEME ACTUALE
ALE RELAIILOR INTERNAIONALE
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30
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necesitii
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32
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4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
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40
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Note:
Ureche Grigore. Letopiseul rii Moldovei. Chiinu: Editura Literatura
artistic, 1988, p. 66.
Hasdeu B.P. Istoria toleranei religioase n Romnia. Chiinu: Editura tiina,
1992, p. 54.
Iorga Nicolae. Istoria lui tefan cel Mare. Bucureti: Editura Pentru Literatur,
1966, p. 18.
Concepia politicii naionale n Republica Moldova // Monotorul Oficial al
Republicii Moldova. 2004. Nr. 1-5 din 1 ianuarie. P. 48.
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46
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48
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56
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
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Bibliografie:
Tma S. Dicionar politic. Bucureti, 1996, p.99.
2002. UNDP. New York, p.14.
Social Development. Geneva, Switzerland 26-30 June 2000 //
vasic@un.org
Sudhir Anand, Amartya Sen. Sustainable Human Development: concepts
and Priorities. 1994. - Nr.8. - P.19.
Human Development Report. 1990. UNDP, p.9.
1998, .16.
Raportul naional asupra dezvoltrii umane, 1998.
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13
,
,
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,
,
,
,
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,
,
,
.
,
,
In spite of the fact that in Moldova trade-union movement experiences is
typical as for much postsoviet countries the tendency to reduction of number
and crushing of structure. The reasons of the given process have objectivelysubjective character and are covered in the politics of a transition period and in
many are consequence of social and economic processes, also realizations of
aspiration to section of the trade-union property, and personal ambitions and
claims for leadership. At the present day, trade unions of Moldova send to the
new qualitative stage of the consolidation which have demanded many efforts,
but having appeared inevitable.
13
The paper is based on the results obtained in the framework of INTAS Research Project 0479-7018 Institutional Strategies for Societal Integration of the Turkish and Related Minorities,
carried out simultaneously in Bulgaria, Germany, Moldova, Russia and Ukraine in 2004-2006
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Practical researches within the limits of case study have shown all, that in
a social package trade unions aspire to keep former traditions though and in
the reduced volume and to add with their new social services. The cultural
actions organized by trade unions on the occasion of national and local
holidays still practise, by holidays distribution of gifts is traditional for
employees and children, the organization of anniversaries, etc. that gradually
the trade union allocates less money for these purposes is important, and
achieves by means of the collective agreement that the employer gave the
finance for these actions.
It is necessary to note and other kinds of activity in this sphere, concerning
to saving up incomes of employees. So, for example trade-union committee
together with administration of a factory provides delivery of food stuffs under the
prices below market for workers of a factory. Thus, they have an opportunity to get
food stuffs, not coming off manufacture and indirectly to promote updating of a
purse of the worker. Among such an expert are present known as obligatory during
former time - departures cleaning of fruit and vegetables. However, modern trade
unions have given to them the new form - before free-of-charge work today as
agreed trade union and to administration is compensated by natural products and
workers, leaving on own days off on similar actions with all family, come back with
fresh fruit and vegetables, providing itself preparations for the winter, that also
promotes preservation and updating of incomes of the worker.
100 .14
(, 15),
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, , .
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1990-2005 .
.16
14
1905 . . : . . 6. , 1976.- 208 .
15
: . : 1987;
. , 1988 ( ..); ., .
. , 2005.
16
.: ., ., . :
// MOLDOSCOPIE (Probleme de analiza politic). /
Revist tiinific trimestrial, nr.2 (XXIX). Chiinu: CEP USM, 2005, .114-138; Teosa V.,
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
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II -
,
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- ,
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. -
,
,
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,
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,
Nicolaescu I. Legturile politice i activitatea politic a sindicatelor din Moldova: nivelul naional (din
experiena CSRM) // Analele tiinifice ale Universitii de Stat din Moldova. Seria tiie
socioumanistice. Vol.II. / USM, col.red.: Gh.Rusnac (red.-ef). Chiinu: CEP USM, 2005, .163168; Teosa V., Ceban A. Dezvoltarea fundamentelor democratice ale politicii sociale n sfera
relaiilor de munc (din experiena funcionrii mecanismului de parteneriat tripartit n Republica
Moldova) // Analele tiinifice ale Universitii de Stat din Moldova. Seria tiine socioumanistice.
Vol.II./USM, col.red.: Gh.Rusnac (red.-ef).- Chiinu: CEP USM, 2005, .169-175; .
: //
Coord. V.Moneaga.- Chiinu: CEP USM, 2006.- 330.
17
. :
http://www.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/complabstuds/russia/Intas/FinalIntas.pdf
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Gender, Poverty and Employment: Moldova National Study. Budapest: ILO-CEET, 2001.
Republica Moldova n secolul XXI: viziunea teneretului./ Materealele conferinei iinifico-practice 31
mai 2002. Chishinu, 2002, 193 p. (RM in 21 Century: the Vision of Youth, 2000) Republica
Moldova 2000: Piaa muncii i dezvoltarea social/ 1-ul Anuar economic i social. Chishinu,
2000, 412p. (Republic of Moldova-2000: Labour Market and Social Development), 2000 (Labour
Institute, Greece). -
( -)/ / Budapest: ILO-CEET, 2001.
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80
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2.
3.
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
1905 . . :
. . 6.- , 1976, . 208
: . , 1987;
. , 1988 ( ..); ., .
. , 2005.
351-XV 12.07.2001;
: 01.12.2003.
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
81
// .
130-132 19.10.2000.
// www.csrm.md.
Teosa V., Moneaga V., Rusnac Gh. :
// MOLDOSCOPIE (Probleme de
analiza politic). / Revist tiinific trimestrial, nr.2 (XXIX). Chiinu: CEP
USM, 2005, .114-138.
Teosa V., Nicolaescu I. Legturile politice i activitatea politic a sindicatelor din
Moldova: nivelul naional (din experiena CSRM) // Analele tiinifice ale
Universitii de Stat din Moldova. Seria tiie socioumanistice. Vol.II./USM,
col.red.: Gh.Rusnac (red.-ef).- Chiinu: CEP USM, 2005, .163-168.
Teosa V., Ceban A. Dezvoltarea fundamentelor democratice ale politicii sociale n
sfera relaiilor de munc (din experiena funcionrii mecanismului de parteneriat
tripartit n Republica Moldova) // Analele tiinifice ale Universitii de Stat din
Moldova. Seria tiine socioumanistice. Vol.II./USM, col.red.: Gh.Rusnac (red.ef).- Chiinu: CEP USM, 2005, .169-175.
. :
// Coord. V.Moneaga.- Chiinu: CEP USM,
2006, . 202-224.
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
82
-
32
,
, .
.
,
,
,
, ,
.
,
,
The authors present a study on the social, political and legal statut of the
gagaouz people.
After the Republic of Moldova has acquired independence in the 90s of the
last century, a special place in the struggle of Gagaouz people took the
objective to acquire a special statut in the structure of the republic for
preservation of their national identity.
Development of civil society and political activity of the population became a
contemporary sign of democratic transformations. The most influential in politics,
the national political association Gagauz-Halky has arisen in early 90s of the last
century and witnessed the process of acquiring by Gagauzia of the present political
statut, that of limited political autonomy. Public life of the region is also
significantly influenced by non-governmental organizations (NGO).
The author highlights the economic and cultural situation of gagaouz
people and its development in the context of political, social and economic
changes which took place in the Republic of Moldova at the end of the last
century and at the beginning of the new one.
32
The paper is based on the results obtained in the framework of INTAS Research Project 0479-7018 Institutional Strategies for Societal Integration of the Turkish and Related Minorities,
carried out simultaneously in Bulgaria, Germany, Moldova, Russia and Ukraine in 2005-2006.
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
83
- 30
,
180 . .
1) (" ",
, ); 2)
() (
- ); 3)
(-), .
,
XVIII - XIX , ,
(, , ), ,
X- XI .
, ,
: , ,
- ,
, ,
,
[1].
90-
. ,
, -
.
2003 334-XV
,
- () ,
, ,
.
.
,
, , ,
.
,
, "
84
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
( )". ,
, . 1831,5 . ,
172,5 . , 78,8 % , 5,5%
, 5,4 % , 5% , 4% , 1,3 %
.
. .
.
( ),
.
, ,
. 35
: 2 , 2 , .
: 16 , 16 , 1 -.
3- .
.
,
4
() .
.
.
.
. ,
,
.
:
.
,
2005 ,
.
- "
" ( ),
6
2005 . ( :
70% 2001 .,
2005 . 30% .) ,
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
85
/
.
.
- 90-
.
().
170.
, ,
( 80); 20, 5
4. ,
.
,
.
.
,
.
: , ,
(, , , .),
; ,
, .
2004
135 . (10,8 . .).
, 2003 .
() "" (
7 . ) ,
, .
4-5
. .
, ,
86
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
- .
- ,
( ), , .
( ),
,
. ,
, . 2004
350 . , 10 %
, 2003 .
28 ,
.
84%,
. 12 400 .
. . ,
, , "",
"" 4,8 . ,
.
. ,
"", 8
, " ", "
", "", "", "", "-", "",
"", " " .
,
(10-15%), (78%), ,
.
,
. 01.06.2005
1684 , 1023 .
, .
.
, , .
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
87
.
. ,
- , .
-
, ,
(. 36)
(. 37).
,
: , ,
. 1991 .
, , , ,
.
, ,
: ,
,
.
. ,
,
, ,
.
.
165
, 21 .
"", "-",
"", "", "", "-", "" .
" ", " ",
.
-
,
.
.
,
, .
. .
88
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
,
.
,
. , . , . , . ,
. , . , . , . , . , . ,
. , . . .
, . , . , . , .
.
,
, -
. "
", " " (" "),
"" (""), " "
.
(5170 .), (5000.), (500 .), (1000 .).
.
( -
, ; , -
, -
; -
; -
) ,
500 10000 ,
.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
:
Teosa V. Ethnicity and Educational Policies in the Republic of Moldova.//
Ethnicity and Educational Policies in South Eastern Europe./ N.Genov ed. BerlinSofia, 2005, p.120-139.
Teosa V. Stefoglo J.Ethnicity and Mass Media in the Republic of Moldova/
Ethnithity and Mass Media in South Eastern Europe. N.Genov ed. Berlin-Sofia,
2005, p.106-124.
urcan V., Teosa V. , Molodilo D. Moldovan Experience in Carrying out
Interethnic Field Studies./Patterns of Interethnic Integration. Ed. N. Genov. # 57,
2007. Free University of Berlin.- Berlin, 2007, p. 75-78
. 90- .
XX : //
. 1.- -, 2002, . 42-55.
. . XIX - XX .. , ,
( ) //
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
6.
7.
8.
89
: -
, 7- () 21-23
2001. I. - 2003, . 19-21.
.
(): , . 53-55.
.
. (- ): , . 57-65.
. :
//
.- : , 2002.
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
90
33
,
, .
,
,
,
,
,
, ,
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
Events which reflect in mass-media the nature of societal processes taking
place in the modern Gagaouz community are important indices both of the
present situation and its future development prospects. The analysis of the
events reveals both the changes of structural properties of the whole Gagaouz
community societal system represented as the domestic or /and international
economic situation, domestic or /and international political decisions and
actions, the legal situation or processes, domestic or /and international cultural
and historical events, domestic or and international social problems, the
interethnic relations themselves, and changes in the degree of involvement of
the society members in the events and their reaction to the events.
The present situation gives hope that the established basis for the
relations between national and regional (local) levels of authorities will not
turn for the worse. This can be ensured by the share of international events as
33
The paper is based on the results obtained in the framework of INTAS Research Project 0479-7018 Institutional Strategies for Societal Integration of the Turkish and Related Minorities,
carried out simultaneously in Bulgaria, Germany, Moldova, Russia and Ukraine in 2005-2006.
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
91
part of the events in Gagaouz Eri Certainly the role of international events can
be of a totally opposite character. But at the same the positive fact is that the
problems of Gagauz Eri are not disregarded at the international level.
As a whole we can say that the research shows a significant degree of
societal integration of gagaouz minority into sociopolitical and cultural space
of the Republic of Moldova. - The existing problem areas in societal integration
of gagaouz minority are insignificant and cannot result in serious conflicts in
the near future. At the same time the presence of problem areas in societal
integration of gagaouz minority is created by suspense in solving of some
problems, on the one hand, between region and the center (Kishinev), and, on
the another hand Tiraspol and presence of the third interested parties.
,
,
, . (.: 1.)
,
the domestic or /and international economic situation, domestic or /and
international political decisions and actions, the legal situation or processes,
domestic or /and international cultural and historical events, domestic or/ and
international social problems, the interethnic relations themselves,
.34
,
,
,
-
.
. (.: 2.)
. (.: )
34
.: urcan V., Teosa V., Molodilo D. Moldovan Experience in Carrying out Interethnic Field
Studies./Patterns of Interethnic Integration. Ed. N. Genov. # 57, 2007. Free University of Berlin.Berlin, 2007, p. 75-78.
92
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
1.1.
.
,
,
.
, ,
,
,
, (,
) .
, ,
, ,
.
.
,
, :
()
. ,
,
. ,
, ,
.
, ,
.
2005-06(I)
% Rang
Table 1
2006(II)
% Rang
13,4
8,3
30,1
8,6
2
5
19,0
5,8
3
5
26,0
33,9
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
93
a. international
b. national
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
94
c. regional (in the country under scrutiny)
45,4
37,5
100
d. local
Total
33,
9
57,
0
100
2
1
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
95
. ,
2,5%. ,
12,3%. ,
.
,
. ,
.
, .
,
()
. ,
() .
. ,
.
,
.
, ,
.
6,6%.
2.
,
2.1. Actors (major participants)
.
.
,
,
., local authority
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
96
05-06
(I) **
23,1
06 (II)
*
20,1
05-06
(I) **
39,6
06 (II)
*
46,3
15,6
22,3
26,8
50,4
6,4
1,3
0,7
4,7
1,5
2,2
10,9
2,3
1,1
10,7
3,3
5,0
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
97
0,7
00,0
4,4
30,5
13,2
4,2
100,0
1,5
0,7
9,5
27,0
2,2
8,0
100,0
1,1
00,0
7,5
52,5
22,6
7,2
171,7
3,3
1,7
21,5
61,2
5,0
18,2
226,4
: firms, enterprises etc. 7,5%(I) / 21,5% (II), international actors
18,2 % (II) / 7,2%(I), the Turkish / Tatars ethnic group (-s) 10,7%(II) / 10,9% (I).
Firms, enterprises etc.
( )
,
.
.
- .
,
, international actors 18,2 %. (
: -8, 3, 3, 4, 2, 1,
UNISEF - 1).
, .
,
national or regional public institute .
, international actors.
international actors national
or regional public institute
.
.
Turkish / Tatars ethnic group (-s)
. ,
,
. , ,
98
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
. ,
.
, -
.
.
, ,
.
,
. (
, ).
.
national or regional public institute
5,0%(II) Ethnic-based parties, movements 5,0% (II) / 22,6% (I), other
political party, social movement 3,3% (II) / 1,1 %(I), other ethnic groups.
3,3% (II) / 2.3 % (I) religious organizations, movement 1,7% (II).
, .
.
: ()
, .
National public institute
, ,
, .
.
religious organisation, movement 1,7% (II),
.
-
.
. , ,
.
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
99
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
100
2.2.
Reaction is presented On the Status and
Prospects of Gagauz in Moldova
.
Table 4
Whose reaction is presented? (%):
Pct of
Respon
ses
Pct of
Cases
Rang
Pct of
Respon
ses
Pct of
Cases
Rang
a. Ordinary
representative(-es) of
the Gagauz minority
b. Leaders, successful
representatives of the
ethnic minority
c. Representatives of
other ethnic group(-s).
d. Gagauz ethnic party,
movement.
e. Other political party,
social movement etc
f.. Religious
organisation, movement
g. Representatives of
firms, enterprises, etc.
h. Journalist, publisher
i. Local authority
j. Regional (in the scale
of the country)
authority;
k. National authority
14,2
2006 (II)
27,5
2005-06 (I)
9,8
11,3
14,2
27,5
11,5
13,2
2,1
4,2
9-10
3,9
7,5
1,6
1,9
7-8
2,1
4,2
9-10
1,6
1,9
7-8
0,4
0,8
12
5,6
10,8
4,9
5,7
33,2
12,4
4,7
65,8
24,2
9,2
1
4
7
37,7
13,1
19,7
43,4
15,1
22,6
1
3
2
1,7
3,3
11
l. International
organizations
Total responses
4,7
9,2
100
195,0
100
100
115,1
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
101
- 65,8%(II)/ (43,4%(I)).
.
.
. ,
,
,
.
.
(-)
.
:
.
. ,
.
. Leaders, successful representatives
of the ethnic minority 27,5%(II)/43,4%(I), Ordinary representative(- as) of the
Gagauz minority 27,5%(II)/ (11,3%(I)), Representatives of other ethnic
group(-s) 4,2%(II). ,
,
, :
.
.
:
(Regional authority 9,2%
(II) //22,6 %(I)/, National authority 3,3 %(II), Local authority) 24,2%(II)/ /
15,1%(I)/. ,
,
. ,
,
.
(, , .).
Gagauz ethnic party, movement. 7,5%(II)/ /1,9%(I)/, Other political party,
social movement etc. 4,2%(II) /1,9%(I)/, International organizations 9,2%
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
102
Pct of
Respon ses
2005-06 (I)
Count
Pct of
Respon
ses
2006(II)
0,0
0,0
20,0
42,9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
2
0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
60,0
20,0
0,0
0
0
0
0
0
1*
2
0
0
1*
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
14,3
28,6
0,0
0,0
14,3
0,0
0,0
10
100,0
100,0
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
103
104
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
, , .
,
. ,
.
,
National authority causes the danger (risk).
, .
2.4. Form of the reaction -
Article in the national official newspaper, weekly 58,7%(II),
Article in the regional official newspaper, weekly 43,0%(II)/ 52,5%(I)/
(II+ I=95,5%) ,
Official declaration, resolution etc 8,3%(II)/ 4,9 %(I).
,
( )
.
.
Article in the national opposition newspaper, weekly 157%(II),
Article in the regional opposition newspaper, weekly 20,6%(II)/24,6%(I).
32,2%(II).
.
, .
,
.
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
105
Table 6
Form of the reaction? (%):
Pct of
Pct of
Respon
Cases
ses
2006 (II)
5,6
8,3
Pct of
Pct of
Respon
Cases
ses
05-06 (I)
4,5
4,9
39,7
58,7
10,7
15,7
29,1
43,0
48,5
52,5
14,0
20,6
18,2
1,5
1,6
3,0
3,3
1,1
100,0
1,7
147,9
1,5
100,0
1,6
108,2
24,6
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
106
3.
On the Status and Prospects of Gagauz in Moldova
3.1.Type of the event
. ,
, 88.4%.
2005-06(I)
a. non-conflict
b. low-intensity conflict
c. high-intensity conflict
Total
Frequency
250
14
5
269
92,9
5,2
1,9
100
Table 7
Type of the event (%):
2006(II)
Frequen
%
cy
107
88,4
7
5,8
7
5,8
121
100
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
107
Table 8
Forms of the conflict (%):
2005-06(I)
Frequenc
%
y
a. non-violent
b. separate clashes
c. massive clashes
d. armed conflict
Total
18
1
0
0
19
2006(II)
94,7
5,3
0,0
0,0
100,0
Frequency
13
1
0
0
14
92,8
7,2
0,0
0,0
100,0
separate
clashes 7,2% (5,3%).
.
3.3. constructive proposals Conflict resolution
Table 9
Conflict resolution:
2005-06(I)
Frequen
%
cy
a. constructive proposals
Total
18
29,
4
29,
4
41,
2
100
2006(II)
Frequen
%
cy
21,4
14,2
10
64,4
14
100
. , ,
,
.
constructive proposals 64,4%(II) /
41,2%(I).
3.4. of the minority
108
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
,
,
.
.
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
109
Table 10
Is the event related to efforts of the minority
to become more independent? (%):
2005-06(I)
Frequency
a. Yes
b. No
Total
5
264
269
1,9
98,1
100
2006(II)
Frequency
121
121
100
100
, ,
. ,
()
,
, .
,
, ,
.
,
,
.
, 1,9 %
,
, .
3.5.
-
, ,
.
- ,
, .
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
110
Table 11
2006(II)
2005-06(I)
Frequency
Frequen
cy
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
75,0
0,0
00,0
0,0
00,0
0,0
1
3
25,0
100,0
0
0
0,0
0,0
, ,
political independence, state sovereignty status of the ethnic
minority language, its usage, ,
.
executive
authorities 75.0% (I) (2 ).
,
. ,
-
, .
3.6. Emotional orientation
, , 73,6% II /(52,4% I).
, ,
.
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
111
Table 12
Emotional orientation (%):
2005-06(I)
Frequency
%
a. Positive
b. Neutral
c. Negative
Total
33
11
19
63
52,4
17,5
30,2
100,0
2006(II)
Frequency
%
89
23
9
121
73,6
19,0
7,4
100,0
, 19,0%(II)/
(17,5% I),
, .
.
. , ,
, (30,2%(II) / 7,4%(I)).
,
, -
, ,
-
.
3.7. Evaluation of the event
,
Basically supporting 62,0%(II) / 52,4 %(I)
Supporting partly 3,3%(II) /1,6% (I).
27,3%(II) / 15,9%(I).
Table 13
Evaluation of the event (%):
2005-06 (I)
Frequency
%
a. Basically supporting
b. Supporting partly
c. Neutral
d. Objection
e. Protest
Total
33
1
10
17
2
63
52,4
1,6
15,9
27,0
3,2
100,0
2006 (II)
Frequency
%
75
4
33
8
1
121
62,0
3,3
27,3
6,6
0,8
100,0
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
112
Objection
6.6%(II) 27,0 %(I)
Protest 0,8%(II) / 3,2% (I).
,
.
3.8. (danger) of the event
94,2%(II) / 84,1 %(I). ,
, ,
, ,
.
Table 14
Evaluation of the risks (danger) of the event (%):
2005-06(I)
a. High level
b. Middle level
c. Low level
d. Risk is absent
Total
2006(II)
Frequency
Frequency
3
3
4
53
63
4,8
4,8
6,3
84,1
100,0
2
5
114
121
1,7
4,1
94,2
100,0
,
Middle level 1,7%(II) / 4,8 %(I) Low
level 4,1%(II)/6,3 %(I). ,
() -
.
. ,
. -,
.
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
113
3.9.
.
,
, , 5
7(II).
Table 15
If the evaluation of the danger is present (%):
2005-06(I)
Frequency
%
a. International
b. National
c. Regional
d. Local
e. In the ethnic minority
Total responses
0
0
8
2
0
10
0,0
0,0
80,0
20,0
0,0
100,0
2006(II)
Frequency
%
1
1
3
2
7
14,3
14,3
42,9
28,6
100,0
, ,
.
, ,
- .
.
Domestic politics Economic,
.
, ,
.
Domestic politics
3 /42,9%(II)/ / 9 (I) Economic 2 /28,6%(II)/ /
10,0(I). , , ,
, , .
Table 16
The major areas of the evaluated danger (risk) (%):
2005-06(I)
Frequency
a. Geopolitical
b. Domestic politics
c. Economic
d. Cultural
e. Humanitarian
0
9
1
0
0
0,0
90,0
10,0
0,0
0,0
2006(II)
Frequency
%
1
3
2
1
14,3
42,9
28,6
14,3
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
114
f. Environmental
Total responses
0
10
0,0
100,0
100,0
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
115
Geopolitical
Humanitarian(II). ,
, , ,
; ,
.
( )
, . ,
,
.
Cultural . ,
, ,
.
3.10. Constructive propositions and Critical / protest notions
.
a. Expressed
b. Absent
Total
2005-06 (I)
Count
%
34
54,0
29
46,0
63
100,0
Table 17
Constructive propositions (%):
2006(II)
Count
%
61
50,4
60
49,6
121
100,0
50,4%(II) (I).
49,6%(II) / 46,0 %(I).
,
( ) .
,
- ,
. ,
116
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
. , ,
.
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
117
82,6%(II) / 49,2%(I).
, .
17 14,0%(II) 22,2%
(I), : 3,3%(II) / 25,4 %(I).
Table 18
Critical / protest notions (%):
2005-06 (I)
Count
%
a Absent
b Flabby critics
c Sharp critics
d. Protest is expressed
Total
31
14
16
2
63
49,2
22,2
25,4
3.2
100,0
2006 (II)
Count
%
100
17
4
121
82,6
14,0
3,3
100,0
,
, .
,
- .
.
(), ,
.
:
1.
:
,
.
( , ),
, 5170 ., official national.
(-),
, , 5000 ., official regional.
(-),
. -, , 5000 . opposition regional
118
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
()
. , , 5000 ., official regional.
( ), .
, , 500 ., opposition
regional.
, -
, . , , 5000 .,
principal opposition national.
2. .: PROTOCOL from the meeting of the leaders of national teams
of the INTAS Research Project COMPARING SOCIETAL
INTEGRATION OF TURKISH AND RELATED MINORITIES Free
University Berlin, Institute of Eastern European Studies, 28-31. July, 2005
1. The field work will be concentrated in Phase 2 of the project to be
implemented from 01.10.05. till 31.03.06. with a focus on the Turkish ethnic
groups in Bulgaria and in the Land Berlin, on Tatars in Russia (Tatarstan) and
the Ukraine (Crimea Tatars) and on the Gagauz ethnic group in Moldova.
2. The first method applied in the implementation of the field study will be the
Monitoring of Institutional Strategies (Events and Reflections) during the period
between 01.10.05. and 31.03.06. The Frame of Reference will be the political,
economic and cultural area of immediate relevance for the comparative study
(Bulgarian society, Land Berlin, the Gagauz Autonomous Republic in Moldova,
Tatarstan in Russia and the Crimea Autonomous Republic in the Ukraine).
3. The Ukrainian team (O. Kutsenko) is responsible for the elaboration and
first approbation of the Draft Instruction for Monitoring and for sending it to the
other teams for approbation and discussion till August 31, 2005. The Instruction
should be thereafter finally ready and sent to the national teams till 25.09.0
4. The Content Analysis will be carried out in each country with a view to
the above Frame of Reference on one leading newspaper in terms of
circulation, influence and balanced position on interethnic issues. The selected
paper together with the arguments for the selection will be sent to the German
team till 31.August for coordination.
5. The first Draft of the Questionnaire for carrying out the Content
Analysis will be prepared by the Russian team (N.Golovin, I.Morenko) in
consultations with the Moldavian team (V.Turcan) and sent to the other teams
for approbation and discussion till 31.August. The final version of the
Questionnaire should be sent to the national teams till 25. September.
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
119
I:
,
: 01.10.2005 31.03.2006; 01.10.200631.12.2006
, ,
.
/ :
a. (
):
- -2
- 1-2
- , , 2
- , , 1-2
- ,
, 2-4.
b. ,
, / 1-2.
c. ,
,
.
d. ,
. , , :
(A)
;
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
120
(B) ,
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
121
18
, d .
, ,
( ).
,
.
(
, ). ,
. , , ?
,
( )
:
* ,
;
* ,
;
* ,
,
.
(. ).
( I ),
,
( , , , ..).
,
.
( II ), ,
.
.
122
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
.
-
,
, .
,
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
5- .
,
,
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
123
.
,
, ,
2005 , , , 2006 (I) ,
2006 (II).
,
-, 177 (I) / 77 (II).
(. )
.
(19,8% ), (12,4% ).
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
124
1
(,%):
2005-06 (I)
2006 (II)
.
22
31
35
27
32
30
177
%
12,4
17,5
19,8
15,2
18,2
16,9
100
.
35
26
16
77
%
45,4
33,8
20,8
100
45,4%(II),
()
.
,
. .
, ,
.
.
,
.
.
() .
,
.
.
,
, -
.
, ,
: 96% (I) / 97% (II).
.
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
125
, ,
, , , .
, ,
.
,
, , . ,
.
,
,
() . , ,
()
.
, .
.
. ,
, 1-2 60% (I) 58% (II), ,
, .
2
(%):
1-2
10
10
10
10
10
10
60
2005-06 (I)
2006 (II)
3-5
3
5
9
6
8
7
38
1
0,5
0,5
2
13
16
19
16
18,5
17,5
100
1-2
25
17
16
58
3-5
13
16
4
33
8
1
9
46
33
21
100
.
1-2 .
: 1-2 61,5
. 2 69% (I) 23 2 58% (II).
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
126
, ,
,
.
,
.
.
42% (I) / 44% (II), .
29%
(I) / 25%(II), 12%(I) /17%(II).
9%
(I) / 4%(II), 7% / 10% .
.
(78%I) / (78%II).
. ,
, 9% (I). 2 %, 11% (I) 13% (II),
, .
,
.
,
, ,
50,0% (I) / 49,0%
(II).
3
( %):
(, ,
,
)
,
,
2005-06 (I)
2006 (II)
12,0
5,0
50,0
49,0
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
()
( )
-
,
( ),
,
127
3,0
1,0
1,0
4,0
10,0
9,0
4,0
15,0
14,0
9,0
14,0
100
100
15,0%(I) /14,0%(II).
()
(12%(I) / 5,0 %(II).
128
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
,
( ), , 9%
(I) / (14%(II)), - ,
9%(I) / (14%(II)).
4%(I)
1% (I).
,
,
,
() ,
( )
, .
,
.
, ., 5,2%
. ,
,
.
.
. ,
75% (I) / 81% (II),
25%(I) /
19 %(II), . . 4.
4
(., %):
.
%
.
%
2005-06 (I)
2006 (II)
135
75%
68
81%
?
?
45
25%
16
19 %
180
100%
84*
100%
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
129
* ,
, 77(II)
84(II) .
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
130
2.
.
:
29,0% (I)/21,0%(II) 27,0%(I)/14,0(II). ,
,
, ,
. ,
,
.
,
: 4,0%
(I)/2,0%(II). ,
. ,
, ()
.
,
(
,
), ,
:
3,0% (I)/5,0%(II).
, ,
,
, . ,
, 7,0% (I) 41,0%(II).
5
(%):
2005-06
2006
(I)
(II)
1,0
3,0
( )
The regional policy, (a policy in region)
Local self-management and municipal policy
7,0
41,0
5,0
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
131
Security and Defense policy
2,0
27,0
14,0
( .. , )
()
3,0
5,0
19,0
6,0
0
0
0
0
14,0
6,0
29,0
21,0
4,0
2,0
2,0
3,0
1,0
0
1,0
2,0
115,0
103,0
* ,
,
100%.
. ,
65%(I)-72%(II).
.
,
15%(I)/14%(II).
: 4%(I)/8%(II)
16%(I)/6%(II) .
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
132
6
( %):
2005-06 (I)
0
1,5
0
1
3
3
4
5
6
11
15
9
3
2
1
3
12
17,5
20
15
1,5
12
18,5
0
4
2
16
12
65
3
15
17
100
2005-06 (I)
32
46
23
33
17
21
72
14
100
.
,
58%(I) / 39%(II), . . 7.
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
133
11%(I) /6%(II).
- ,
, , ,
, ,
, , , .
,
,
, . ,
,
, ,
, .
,
()
, ,
7
(%):
2005-06 (I)
2006 (II)
58
39
1
32
0
0
11
0
1
0
1
0
0
2
26
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
23
100
3. .
,
,
38%(I) / 53%(II).
, 11%(I) 4%(II),
.
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
134
8
, (., %)
.
Total responses
05-06 (I)
20
11
2006 (II)
3
4
14
66
38
41
53
13
58
177
33
100.0
22
77
29
100.0
:
.
:
.
,
.
-
-
. , , .
, (
).
, .
.
,
, .
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
135
,
- .
,
.
,
- ,
.
,
.
,
. -
90- .
.
,
, 7%(I) / 3%(II), .
.9). 61%
(I)/50%(II) 39%(I)/50%(II) (. . 10).
, ,
. ,
,
. , ,
. , ,
.
.
?
:
.
,
,
, . ,
, ,
. ,
, ,
.
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
136
9
?
2005-06 (I)
13
7
164
93
177
100
2006(II)
2
3
75
97
77
100
10
, ?
2005-06 (I)
8
61
5
39
13
100
2006(II)
1
50
1
50
2
100
,
.
.
. -,
.
. -,
.
. ,
,
-, , .
, .
() , ,
.
. , .
: , 10
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
137
,
.
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
138
4. ,
,
.
: 60%,
37% 3%
(. . 11).
11
(%):
2005-06 (I)
106
60
66
37
5
3
177
100
2006(II)
52
67
22
29
3
4
77
100
, ,
, (3% / 4%).
12
(., %):
?
2005-06 (I)
76
43
101
57
177
100
2006(II)
22
29
55
71
77
100
82
84
18
16
100
100
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
139
, ,
82%(I) 84%(II).
, 4 18% (I) / 16 %(II) (. . 13.).
,
.
.
.
( 55%, 40%, 5%)
.
5.
"" ""
,
,
( )
,
.
%
2005-06 (I)
1
1
0
0
14
.
%
2006 (II)
0
0
0
0
11
12
14
11
26
30
11
31
10
12
17
22
26
14
38
85
100
36
100
,
(30% ),
.
140
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
, (26%/38%).
, ,
, ,
,
.
: ,
.
(12/17%),
,
, .
(26%/31%)
(6%/11%).
6. ( )
, 27%(I) / 20% (II)
, .
15
2005-06 (I)
2006 (II)
.
%
%
.
,
4
10
3
20
,
, ,
16
38
5
33
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
()
(
)
-
,
( ), ,
141
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
19
10
20
19
27
42
100
15
100
15 ,
,
38%(I) / 33%(II).
.
, ,
: 10%
(I) / 20%(II).
,
( ), , 19%(I)/27%(II).
,
,
.
,
,
, ,
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
142
. , ,
.
.
7.
: .
.
. ,
.
,
?
16
.
?
?
?
2005-06 (I)
2006(II)
23
12
77
45
49
57
20
10
57
177
33
100
22
87
25
100
,
. , ,
12%(I) 9%(II) 45%(I) 57%(II).
, , .
, ,
, ()
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
143
,
().
, 10%(I) 9%(II),
.
,
,
.
:
14%(I)/8% (II) 40% (I)/ 48% (II).
17
, ,
?
2005-06
2006 (II)
(I)
% . %
9
4
6
6
34
15
29
27
22
9
1
1
41
18
9
9
3
1
1
1
13
6
10
10
0
0
0
0
2
1
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
()
0
0
0
0
( )
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
1
,
22
9
2
2
144
, ,
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
27
12
14
14
56
234
24
100
28
103
27
100
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
145
:/ 40% (I)/ 48% (II) 0%.
1%(I)/0(II)%.
0%(I)/0(II)%;
,
9%(I)/2(II)%.
,
.
:
, , 24%(I)/27(II)%.
,
:
1)
;
2) -
.
- :
.
.
,
.
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
146
. -
:
,
.
,
,
,
, ,
,
, ,
,
,
, ,
,
, ,
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
147
-
,
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
, ,
.
.
,
,
In order to study the situation and prospects of social integration of the
Gagauz population in conditions of the independent state of the Republic of
Moldova there has been carried out a survey of 32 representatives of the
Gagauz people, living in the country which has allowed to determine the level
of participation of the given ethnic minority in political, economic, sociocultural spheres of the Moldavian society, and factors of influence on the
degree of integration, the reasons which slow down the given process.
The survey carried out was based on in-depth qualitative interviews of the
three groups of successful representatives of the Gagauz people, who have
showed their worth and achieved certain results in various spheres of
sociopolitical life: in political activity, both in official public service and in
148
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
149
: , ,
,
( ).
32 :
10, 11, 11.
) Politics. 10
, 2,
8. ,
, 7 ,
2 ,
2 (
) 3
35
. -, ., . 3
, 3 :
.
: 30 50 7; 50 3
.
) Business. 11
.
3, 8,
6, 5.
: 30 1 ., 30
50 10 .
) Culture. 11
, 5
(45,4 %), 6 (54,5 %). ,
,
, : 4
,
36,6 %; 2 (
35
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
150
(18,1 %); 2 (
, .
)
(18,1
%),
3 , 27,2 % .
,
: 30 1; 30 50 7; 50 3
. ( 1)
30
30 50
50
1
:
2 (6,25%)
10
12(37,5%)
12 (37,5%)
6 (18,7%)
10
11
11
18(56,2%)
14 (43,8%)
,
.
:
, ,
,
:
.
,
, 8 32 ( 30%)
,
6
,
.
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
151
14
32 . 30%
( , 80%).
12 32
, 5
(45,4%) .
, ,
50%, 45,4%, 10% .
152
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
, ; 6
(18,7%) ,
( ).
5
(12,5%).
,
,
,
26 (81,2%),
3 (9,4%)
, 1 -
.
:
31 32 (96,8%), 1
;
: 32 (100%), 25
(84,3%), 15 (56,2%).
,
. ,
2- - 6- .
27
(84%), 5 (16%): , , .
: 6
, 10 ,
, 70%
.
56,2% (18) , 2 ; 18,7% (6)
/, (8) .
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
153
4 (12,5%) .
.
18(56,2%)
, 11 ( 34%) , 3
.
: 11 ( 30%),
17 (53%) 4 (12,5%) .
,
, , 5
(15,6%), 19 (59,3%), 4 (12,5%), 3 (9,2 %)
, ,
.
: 17 (53%),
11( 30%), 3 ( 10%). -
1 , .
11 ( 30%)), 7
(21,8%), 3 (9,2%), 8 .
, 22 , 3. ,
.
21 32 ,
(65,6%), : 2, 6, 13;
9 .
,
, 6
154
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
,
: , , , .
, , , 4
.
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
155
2.
: 25 (78%)
; 1 , ,
(); 1
( ); 5, , , 3
: , .
3.
28 (87,5%) :
4 , , , 2
. 4
.
, .
,
, 12 (37,5%) ,
13 (38%), , , 6
, ,
, , , .
, 10 32 (31%),
19 (59%) , , 2 .
- 14 (43,75%)
, 16 (50%) ,
.
, 21 (65,6%) , 10 (31%)
, 1 .
9 (28%)
, 23 (71,8%) , .
31 ,
,
1 .
156
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
. ,
,
,
.
. , ,
,
.
,
.
,
, ,
.
.
,
,
,
.
.
,
,
- "Gagauz
Yeri" .
,
.
.
.
,
,
.
.
.
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
157
.
(
),
.
- .
.
.
, .
.
,
- ,
,
.
, ,
, , ,
,
- , ,
. ,
, . ,
, .
,
. ,
,
,
, ,
- .
,
, ,
, ,
.
.
.
158
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
.
-
, ,
.
, :
(, , , ), ,
.. , ,
,
.
.
:
. ,
.
.
.
,
.
-
.
.
, ,
, , ,
,
, ,
.
, ,
, .
:
, ,
.
,
,
. , , ,
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
159
,
.
- ,
.
( ,
, 43, 25.03.2005).
, I
, :
, ,
70% .
,
-
.
,
,
: 90-
; 2001.
, , .
,
.
1
- (,
, ,
-
( , ,
,
160
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
- (, ,
)
- (, .)
- ( ,
)
- ( , .)
- ( ,
....)
- ( ,
)
- (, ,
, / , , , ,
........................)
-
...?
- , (
, , ,
....?
- (
).
- , :
(, , .)
- ,
( ,
...)
- , ,
? ,
.?
- (, ,
, )
- (, ,
.)
- ,
(, , , .)
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
161
-
(, , , ...)
- (
, , , )
- (
, , , )
-
(, , , ...
.)
I
,
- , , ,
( , ).
. ?
? ...
II
,
.
: ( ),
( ),
. ?
....
III
, ,
, ,
.
: , ,
, .
? ...
?
- .
(? ?)
-
.
( ? ?)
162
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
-
.
( ? ?)
-
.
(?)
-
.
(? ?)
- .
(? ?)
. .
Curriculum vitae (CV)
,
.
, CV, , .
2
36
1, . .,
23.12.2005, 12.00-13.20
I. -
, , .
. -
,
, , .
.
II. ,
, :
, ,
.
,
. , .
36
: : ;
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
TIINIFICO-METODIC
163
, . .
.
III. - . ,
, .
.
,
. ,
, . - ,
, .
? ,
. ,
, 100%.
50%. .
, , .
, , .
. .
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PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
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189
distribution
of
social
and
economic
benefits
are
irrelevant
in
the
context
of
ethnic
minorities
integration. It is the methodological approach that is not
correct because a single independent variable is said to
be responsible for a wide variety of dependent variables.
From this methodological perspective the integration of
ethnic minorities from the countries mentioned above have
to be examined and analysed in the framework of all
possible variables that influence the emergence and the
evoluton of the phenomenon.
190
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
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STUDII INTERNAIONALE
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192
Tabelul 1
Dinamica repatrierii ttarilor
Anul
1989
28,200
1990
33,800
1991
41,400
1992
27,600
1993
19,300
1994
10,800
1995
9,200
1996
3,600
Cu toate acestea, zeci de mii de ttari din Crimeea care locuiesc permanent
sau temporar n Crimeea nu au cetenie ucrainean. Iar pentru ttarii care
locuiesc n Crimeea temporar (fiind angajai la lucrri de sezon) este utilizat un
termen special "ttari de sezon" 37. Conform rezultatelor recensmntului care a
avut loc n Ucraina n anul 2001, 248,2 mii de persoane s-au autoproclamat
drept ttari din Crimeea, lund n consideraie faptul c n Crimeea locuiesc
doar 243,4 mii oameni. Ttarii din Crimeea (12%) constituie al treilea grup
dup numrul populaiei n populaia ucrainean (24,3%) 38.
1.4. Federaia Rus (RepublicaTatarstan)
Colapsul fostei URSS a oferit elitei naionale a Tatarstanului ansa de a-i
realiza planurile cu privire la suveranitate. n urma referendumului din martie
1992 a fost adoptat Constituia Republicii Tatarstan. Conform Constituiei,
Tatarstanul este un stat suveran, asociat cu Federaia Rus n baza Contractului
despre repartizarea reciproc a puterii i subiectelor de conducere. Din sursele
materialului analitic al centrului Kurginjans (1999) prin intermediul unor
acorduri interguvernamentale toat proprietatea federal care se afl pe teritoriul
37
Pribitkova I.M. Influence of the institute of citizenship on the processes of returning and
adaptation of the before deported people and persons in Crimea. Kyiv: Compania VAITE, 1997.
38
Shulga N.A. Great migration of people: repatriates, refugee, labour migrants. Kiew, 2002.
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
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194
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
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2. Factorii politici
2.1. Republica Bulgaria
Cderea comunismului permite n 1990 constituirea Micrii pentru
Drepturi i Liberti a comunitii turco-musulmane DPS, bazndu-se pe
etnicii turci majoritari din dou regiuni RAZGRAD-SHUMEN n Cmpia
Dobruja i KARZHALI n munii Rodopi. DPS este un partid etnic regional
care i propune la nfiinare aprarea intereselor i drepturilor bulgarilor de
etnie turc, declarnd c e interesat i de aprarea drepturilor bulgarilor n
general, rmnnd axat pe aprarea cetenilor de etnie turc i musulmani 39.
Formulnd cereri culturale moderate i fr un program economic, DPS a
sprijinit mari partide indiferent de ideologia lor, astfel c din 1990 pn n 1992
a susinut guvernul liberal al Uniunii Forelor Democratice dup care a votat i a
sprijinit guvernul Partidului Socialist Bulgar40. Lutfi Yunal, vicepreedintele
DPS, susinea c elul partidului este salvgardarea identitii naionale i
culturale a etnicilor turci din Bulgaria.
Au existat opinii conform crora n Bulgaria, la nceputul anilor '90 existau
condiiile imediate pentru un conflict ca i n Bosnia, lipsea doar scnteia. Rolul
DPS a fost unul crucial, el reuind s dezamorseze conflictul, gsind de
asemenea o cale civilizat pentru restabilirea drepturilor turcilor. Astfel, anul
1990 aduce cu sine adoptarea Declaraiei Adunrii Naionale asupra Chestiunii
Naionale", prin care erau respinse toate actele anterioare cu privire la protecia
minoritilor.
n acelai an, la 5 martie Actul cu privire la numele cetenilor bulgari"
permitea revenirea la vechile nume celor ce fuseser obligai s i le schimbe.
De asemenea, toate restriciile cu privire la religie i libertatea
musulmanilor i bulgarilor turci sunt excluse, astfel c n Bulgaria funcioneaz
acum peste 950 de moschei.
Cadrul constituional nu asigur drepturi politice colective pentru grupuri
etnice sau religioase, fiind bazat pe principiul unitii naionale.
ns la articolul 1, alineatul 1 se recunoate existena diferenelor
religioase, etnice i garantarea unor drepturi ce reies din drepturile individuale.
n 1991, prin Actul Educaiei Publice" i n 1992 prin Regulile i
Regulamentul implementrii nvmntului public", DPS obine reafirmarea i
specificarea dreptului constituional de a studia n limba matern n colile publice
i private, nvmntul n colile municipale fiind opional i finanat de la buget.
39
Antoine Roger. Economic Development and Positioning of Ethnic Political Parties Comparing Postcomunism Bulgaria and Romnia" in Southeast European Politics, June 2002, vol.
II, Nr. 1, p. 20-42, www. Seep.cen.hu 4
40
Ibidem.
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195
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
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196
Coninutul legii,
ordinului
Perioada organul
legislativ
14 noiembrie 1989,
Consiliul Suprem al
URSS
17 aprilie, 1991,
Verhovna Rada din
Ucraina
16 aprilie 1997,
Verhovna Rada din
Ucraina
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
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197
stat, i petrec serviciul
militar, studiaz peste
hotarele Ucrainei
4. Ordin Cu privire la
soluionarea problemelor
socioeconomice i etnice n
Republica Autonom
Crimeea"
5. Proiect de lege Cu privire
la statutul ttarilor din
Crimeea
6. Dispoziie
guvernamental: Despre
afirmarea Programului de
adaptare i integrare a
ttarilor din Crimeea i a
altor naionaliti n
societatea ucrainean:
renaterea i dezvoltarea
culturii i educaiei
7. Dispoziie
guvernamental: Despre
afirmarea programului de
localizare a ttarilor din
Crimeea deportai i a altor
naionaliti, rentori n RA
Crimeea pentru reedin
permanent din prezent i
pn n 2005
8. Dispoziie
guvernamental: Despre
activitile care ar sprijini i
soluiona problemele sociale
ale ttarilor din Crimeea
deportai i a altor
A oferi persoanelor
deportate i membrilor
familiilor lor spaiu
locativ sau credite de
stat pe un termen
ndelungat pentru
construcie
11 august 1996
Nr. 636, Cabinetul
de Minitri
al Ucrainei
Legea nu a fost
adoptat nici pn
n prezent
10 ianuarie 2002,
Nr. 29, Cabinetul de
Minitri al Ucrainei
16 mai 2002,
Nr., 618, Cabinetul
de Minitri
al Ucrainei
198
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
naionaliti, rentori n RA
Crimeea pentru reedin
permanent
9. Legea Despre restabilirea
drepturilor persoanelor
deportate din motive
naionale
August 2004,
acceptat de
Verhovna Rada, nu a
fost semnat de
preedintele Ucrainei
nici pn n prezent,
astfel, necptnd
putere legislativ
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
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199
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
200
Descrierea
coninutului legii
1. Declaraia despre
suveranitate a Republicii
Autonome SocialistUnionale Tatarstan.
August 30,
1990
Noiembrie 6,
1992
2. Constituia Republicii
Tatarstan
3. Legea Republicii
Tatarstan cu privire la
limbile grupurilor etnice
ale Republicii Tatarstan
Perioada
Iulie 1992
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
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4. Acordul despre
Divizarea subiectelor de
competen i delegarea
reciproc a puterii dintre
autoritile publice ale
Federaiei Ruse i ale
Tatarstanului
5. Constituia Republicii
Tatarstan
201
Acordul este formulat n baza
Constituiei Federaiei Ruse i a
Tatarstanului. Ambele pri i-au
asumat obligaia de a pstra i
respecta integritatea i
suveranitatea fiecreia
Acordul este bazat pe
principiul de simetrie
Moscova,
februarie 15,
1994
Mai 10, 2002
202
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
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PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
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203
42
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
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204
Tabelul 4
Districtul federal Volga
1. Republica Bashkartostan
2. Republica Mari El
3. Republica Mordovia
4. Republica Tatarstan
5. Republica Udmurt
6. Republica Chuvash
7. Kirov oblasti
8. Nizhny Novgorod oblasti
9. Orenburg oblasti
lO. Penza oblasti
11. Perm oblasti
12. Districtul autonom Komi-Perm
13. Samara oblasti
14. H. Saratov oblasti
15. Ulianovsk oblasti
Nr. total
al populaiei 31036732
4092312
721913
876105
3772945
1560260
1304986
1479342
3479296
2162545
1435937
2791036
134414
3217620
2643553
1364468
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
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205
206
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
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PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
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207
208
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
VIZIUNI DIN MOLDOVA
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
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209
210
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
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Elitele politice. Att elita politic federal, ct i cea regional sunt slabe
din punct de vedere politic i nu sunt n stare s mobilizeze scopurile dezvoltrii
politice, nici n Rusia i nici n Tatarstan. Cu toate acestea, centrul federal
folosete toate instrumentele legale pentru crearea unui spaiu juridic general,
anulnd toate legile locale care vin n contradicie cu Constituia Federaiei
Ruse.
n exemplul Tatarstanului putem observa rentoarcerea spre sistemul de
autoritate patriarhal, patrimonial (M. Shaimiev se afl la al IV-lea termen de
guvernare).
Problema identitii politice. Pn n prezent nu a fost dezvoltat identitatea
naional a ruilor. Identitatea civil fiind foarte slab dezvoltat, este un lucru
periculos pentru spaiul multicultural al Rusiei. Ruii la fel ca i n fosta URSS,
nu au un stat al su. Uniformizarea politic a teritoriului poate nceta sub
presiunea etniilor i culturilor mobilizate de la periferie.
Dezvoltarea autonomiei naional-culturale ttare n ar. Ttarii ocup un
loc notoriu n viaa politic a St.-Petersburgului i Moscovei. Diasporele
ttarilor n Rusia au tendina de a crete numeric, lucru care va favoriza crearea
unor instituii culturale noi, va ntri relaiile de comunicare diasporelor i va
contribui la dezvoltarea identitii culturale a ttarilor.
Factorul personal. Politica Rusiei este destul de personificat. Poziia
sociopolitic a minoritii ttare va depinde de cel care va veni la putere dup
alegerile prezideniale din 2008 i de atitudinea fa de problemele acestei
minoriti.
Bibliografie:
1. Yantsislav Yanakiev. Public Perceptions of Inter-Ethnic Relations in Bulgaria.
Ethnic Relations in South-Eastern Europe, Free University Berlin, Berlin-Sofia,
2004, p.47-64.
2. Valentina Teosa. Ethnicity And Educational Policies // In The Republic Of
Moldova.Ethnicity and Educational Policies in South-Eastern Europe, Free
University Berlin. Berlin-Sofia, 2005, p.120-136.
3. Pribytcova I.M. Influence Of The Institute Of Citizenship On The Processs Of
Returning And Adaptation Of The Before Deported People And Persons in
Crimea. Kyiv: Compania Vaite,1997.
4. Mukhametin F. Respublica Tatarstan: Time Of Big
Changes. Kazan, 1993.
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:
,
, ,
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,
,
Last third XX centuries - the beginning of XXI century object of all-round
and multidisciplinary studying becomes globalization. Consequences of its
influence on labor and employees, strategy of trade unions on minimization of
these phenomena are constantly considered the ILO and the various
international trade-union organizations.
Certainly, that fact, that there where trade unions are already created at the
foreign enterprises is a positive phenomenon. It is connected by that, as a whole,
the foreign companies feel freely enough in the country and got support from the state
bodies, they often do not observe tax, ecological, labour and so forth the legislation,
being covered with various intergovernmental agreements and contracts.
Globalization change the sense of such concepts, as work, social justice,
equality, solidarity, emphasizing necessity of reconsideration of activity of the
international trade unions for protection of labor and the employee. Struggle of
trade unions for social justice, the best conditions of a life will not reach the
purpose if they will not show innovative approaches in the activity, will not
manage to become organizational and financial strong organizations.
XX XXI
. ,
. 44
,
44
: //
.- : , .85.
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STUDII INTERNAIONALE
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222
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.
,
-
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2.
3.
223
:
: /
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2006.
http://www.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/complabstuds/russia/Intas/FinalIntas.pdf
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CONCEPTUL DE GLOBALISTIC:
CU PRIVIRE LA DEFINIIA, OBIECTUL, STATUTUL,
NOIUNILE I PROBLEMELE PRINCIPALE
ALE GLOBALISTICII
Grigore VASILESCU,
dr. hab., prof. univ.,
Facultatea Relaii Internaionale,
tiine Politice i Administrative.
Catedra Relaii Internaionale, USM
Ce este globalistica? Este o tiin? Dac da, ce statut are? Care este
definiia globalisticii? Care este locul globalisticii n sistemul tiinelor
contemporane? Face parte globalistica din tiinele politice, tiinele relaiilor
internaionale sau din tiinele filosofice? (1)
Acestea i multe alte ntrebri cu referire la globalistic se discut n
ultimul timp destul de frecvent i activ n publicaiile tiinifice la diferite
niveluri, diverse ntruniri tiinifice, cursuri universitare etc., etc. n cele ce
urmeaz, n acest context, ntr-o form i ntr-o manier de discuii, ne vom
referi la unele ntrebri ce in de definiia globalisticii, de obiectul, statutul,
termenii de referin, problemele principale ale acestei tiine.
Situaia actual a globalisticii. Constatri preliminare
Dei termenul globalistic nc nu-l vom putea gsi, s zicem, n dicionare
sau enciclopedii, chiar i n cele ce in de tiinele politice sau analiz politic,
de relaiile internaionale (fapt care ne sugereaz ideea c preocuprile de acest
domeniu sunt recente), totui, deja au aprut mai multe publicaii n care se
discut obiectul, statutul, istoria globalisticii. n ultimul timp au aprut lucrri
speciale n form de monografii (2), articole tiinifice (3), articole de
publicistic, articole Internet (4) etc. n care se discut problemele n cauz. Au
aprut i publicaii metodico-didactice, manuale (5) n care, la fel, putem gsi
referiri la problema care ne intereseaz. Despre dezvoltarea de mai departe a
globalisticii, naintarea acesteia intr-o nou etap, cea de difereniere i
specializare, vorbete i faptul c de rnd cu globalistica general, n ultimul
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226
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228
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230
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232
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234
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care le-au naintat Aristotel n antichitate, Sf.Toma n evul mediu sau Kant n
epoca modern. Sunt sinteze pe care le ateptm din partea globalisticii.
236
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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Note:
ntrebarea aceasta apare deoarece unii autori susin ideea conform creia
globalistica ar fi o ramur a filosofiei, un domeniu filosofic, sau direct o filosofie a
lumii de azi aflat n proces de globalizare, n acest sens vorbindu-se de o
globalistic filosofic.
Vezi, de ex.: .. : .
.: , 2002. 224 p.; .. :
. .: , 2002. 187 p.; .. ,
, : . .1. 2007. 280 .;
Probleme globale contemporane i Filosofia dezvoltrii locale i regionale.
Responsabil de ediie Grigore Vasilescu. Chiinu, 2001.- 76 p.
Vezi, de ex.: .. .
.2001.-2.-P.52-56;
.. //
.2001.-2.-P.57-60;
.. : , //
-1998.- 2.-; ...
( ) // . . . 12.
. -1997.- 4.-; .. :
// , 1994,
10, p.; ... . // , 1991,
12; Grigore Vasilescu. The World Bank Concept on Globalization and
Localization. About the role and some principles of World Bank Activity.
Politici ale Bncii Mondiale n Republica Moldova. Coordonator Grigore
Vasilescu. Chiinu: ISPRI, 2002, p.67-70;
Vezi articole Internet: .. //
-: www.islu.ru; (n general n Internet se poate gsi o mulime de
site-uri cu diferite materiale referitor la diverse aspecte ale globalisticii n limbile
rus, englez, romn etc.).
Vezi lucrri didactico-metodice, manuale, de ex.: Gheorghe Rusnac, Vasile
Sacovici. Globalistica: Globalizarea i integrarea, problemele globale ale
contemporanietii, antiglobalismul. Materiale pentru prelegeri, cursuri i seminare
speciale la politologie i la alte discipline social-politice. Chiinu: CEP USM,
2007.- 330 p.; Vezi aceeai lucrare n limba rus: .., ...
: ,
, : ,
. : P USM, 2006.- 335 p.;
.. : . . , , 1999.- 128 .
Vezi, de ex.: ... . .: , 2000;
. .: :
/ . ... .: , 2000, p.244-254. (n
parantez vom atrage atenia c dei partea aceasta a manualului respectiv se numete
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,
61:04-9/550
(www.disserr.ru/contents/91431.html - 22k) .a.
10. Vezi: . . . . .., ... .:
, 2003, 1328 p. La pregtirea acestei impuntoare lucrri tiinifice au
participat 445 autori din 28 de state ale lumii. Vezi, de asemenea, i o alt lucrare
cu caracter enciclopedic: .
. ., 2006. Acest proiect a fost realizat cu
participarea a 647 autori din 58 de state ale lumii.
11. Vorbim de literatura rus, pentru c n raport cu literatura occidental aici atestm
o alt situaie n ceea ce privete globalistica. Ne vom referi la ceea ce susine n
aceast privin un cunoscut autor rus, V.M.Leibin, care de mai muli ani lucreaz
n domeniul globalisticii. n Cuvnt nainte la lucrarea sa Globalistica,
informatizarea, cercetri sistemice: Globalistica. Vol. I, M., 2007, el afirm, c n
literatura tiinific occidental consacrat problemelor globale contemporane se
folosesc aa noiuni, ca globalizarea, antiglobalism .a. de acest fel, dar nu
exist un astfel de termen ca globalistica. Probabil, conchide autorul, termenul
dat a aprut anume n cercetrile ruseti. (Vezi site-ul: urss.ru/cgi-bin/db.pl?cp=
&page=Book&id=6504&lahg=en&blang=ru&list=130).
12. .. . //
.- 2001.- 2.- P.52.
238
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V. CONTRIBUII STUDENETI
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communities, it results that the rural areas and communities, face numerous
challenges as mentioned bellow:
severe lack and access to information on specific economic issues;
absence of easy-access loan schemes for micro and small business
development, especially for non-agricultural businesses;
lack of the new jobs creation in the rural areas and massive migration of
rural populations;
lack of experience on SMEs start-ups and development;
insufficient knowledge on national legislative and regulatory
framework for SMEs in the rural and remote communities;
low access to IT for economic development and networking.
The overall goal of the LED Project is to promote sustainable local
economic development in rural areas through local partnerships and promotion
of and support to the entrepreneurship. The implementation team developed the
following set of specific objectives:
creation of strong and viable partnerships between local NGOs, Local
Governance (LG) and the local Credit Unions (CU) with the view of promoting
sustainable local economic development in compliance with the proposed
project scheme;
promotion and support of existing and potential rural entrepreneurs
through micro-crediting, training and specific consultancy;
monitoring of the local economic development processes in the
identified rural areas, including the areas situated closely to the Transnistrian
region.
The LED Project targets the following groups of beneficiaries:
local NGOs from the identified rural areas villages, including villages
situated closely to the Transnistrian region;
local governance from the identified villages involved in the local
economic development scheme;
new or potential entrepreneurs that benefit from consultancy and specific
trainings on economic issues (e.g. start-up, regulations, marketing, tax system, etc.);
new or potential entrepreneurs benefit from micro-credits administered
by the local Credit Unions located in the identified rural areas;
Credit Unions that receive the Revolving Funds for administration;
Small Business Consulting Centers created during the project
implementation benefit from specific consultancy and trainings on issues related
to entrepreneurship promotion, business start-up, SMEs development and
internationalization.
240
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The LED Project, during the period of 2003 2006, has evolved and its
methodology was improved in order to better serve the beneficiary groups,
based on the following logical framework of consecutive steps:
a local partnership is created between the Local Governance and an
active local NGO preferably with economic development prerogatives and as a
result with the provided project funding is developed a new unit of the NGO
and specifically a Small Business Consulting Center, which provides easy
access to business information and professional business development
consulting & training services to the local micro and small entrepreneurs,
including business plans development and assistance in applying for funding;
a local micro-finance scheme, a so-called Revolving Fund, is created with
the provided project funds, which is administrated by the Local Credit Union in close
collaboration and partnership with the Small Business Consulting Center / NGO and
the Local Governance with the view of providing easy access to small loans to micro
and small entrepreneurs to create and develop their businesses;
the Small Business Consulting Center provides consulting services for
the Local Credit Union in finding credible and solvent clients, as well as
technical assistance in compiling reports, phone/fax & Internet access and
monitoring of the financed businesses and as a result receives 50% of the
cumulated annual interest rate of the provided Revolving Fund sources, thus
partially ensuring its own sustainability;
the Local Credit Union receives 25% of the cumulated annual interest
rate of the provided Revolving Fund sources and the rest of 25% is invested
back into the scheme, which ensures the increase of the original amount as well
as the increase of the received profits and the working capital;
the Small Business Consulting Center provides assistance for
entrepreneurs in developing business plans and prepare the necessary
documents for accessing the proposed loans through the Local Credit Union or
any other financial institution or organization, as well as obtaining certain
facilities from the Local Governance in the first period of their activity.
The LED Project creates the necessary prerequisites and opportunities for
developing the local economy of the rural areas and enlivens the abovementioned issues faced by the rural communities, as well as creates the
necessary preconditions for a sustainable community development. Local
Economic Development encourages the public, private and civil society sectors
to establish partnerships and collaboratively find local solutions to common
economic challenges. The local economic development process seeks to
empower local participants in order to effectively utilize business enterprise,
labor, capital and other local resources to achieve local priorities (e.g., promote
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
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quality jobs, reduce poverty, stabilize the local economy, and generate local
taxes to provide better services).
The LED project is in line with the EU-Moldova Action Plan, especially
with the New partnership perspectives and Priorities for Action:
implementing actions aimed at poverty reduction, to strengthen private
sector led growth and for fiscal sustainability;
(point 2.3) Economic and Social Reform and Development (Sustain
growth, consolidate public finance, and address the issue of public debt);
Regional and Rural development (especially art. 22 Promote balanced
regional development; reduce economic and social disparities across the country).
The LED project originates from and is in line with the EG-PRSP
(Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper) for the Republic of
Moldova, especially it focuses attention on the Sustainable socially-oriented
development (EG-PRSP long-term objective i)) and on the three medium-term
objectives of the Strategy, e.g.:
sustainable and inclusive economic growth;
poverty and inequality reduction, and increased participation of the
poor in economic development;
human resources development.
The active role and involvement, as well as the best practice achieved in
several communities throughout Moldova in terms of community and economic
development, demonstrates the importance of strengthening the capacities of the
local NGOs and local partnerships between NGOs and LGs and entrepreneurs
in the field of LED schemes and mechanisms.
During the period of 2003 2006 within the LED Project several important
results were achieved as listed bellow:
11 rural beneficiary communities selected out of 50 throughout our
country;
Created SBDCs in each LED community and hired Local Consultants;
Facilitated the strategic planning process of the social & economic
development of the communities;
Provided trainings and assistance for Local Governance in organizing
Public Hearings on the drafted Strategic Plan and Local Budget;
Developed and provided trainings on business planning & development,
marketing and institutional development for SBDC and local entrepreneurs;
Developed and launched the WEB Portal of the LED Project
(http://www.del.md), including the websites of LED communities;
242
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:
,
,
.
,
,
In the frames of modern conditions it is necessary to lead a qualified
research analysis of the processes going on in the world of
politics.
It
stipulated
the
necessity
to
improve
specialists training in the sphere of political science
and international relations. Accordingly, basic problems
of education are studied in this article and possible
solutions are also presented here. The author points on:
the necessity to elaborate international basis and forms
of scientific collaboration; states role strengthening to
support education in condition of European integration;
strengthening applied nature of research basis; increasing
effectiveness and quality of university curricula, etc.
The article represents a brief summary about participation
in international scientific conference in Mikolo Romerio
University, Vilnius.
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
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244
()
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246
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
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,
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PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
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;
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//
248
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
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,
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,
.58
, 1994 .
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PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
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. 61
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61
Rusnac G., Cozma V. Elita tiinific din Republica Moldova: enunarea problemei //
nvtmntul superior i cercetarea piloni ai societii bazate pe cunoatere. Chiinu, CEP
USM, 2006, volumul II, p. .27-28.
62
.
// MOLDOSCOPIE (Problemele de analiz politic). Partea XXV. Chiinu:
USM, 2004, .7-11.
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
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250
,
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,
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// http://www.carnegie.ru/ru/about/4484.htm
// http://www.gorby.ru/rubrs.asp?rubr_id=7
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
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//
252
STUDII INTERNAIONALE
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,
,
.
PUBLICAIE PERIODIC
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1.
2.
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4.
5.
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7.
8.
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., .
// . - 2005. - 9.- .56-61.
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..
: // . -. 12:
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// MOLDOSCOPIE (Problemele de analiz
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// nvmntul superior i cercetarea piloni ai societii bazate pe cunoatere.
Chiinu, CEP USM, 2006, volumul II, p. 27-28.
254
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17. Stercul N. About the international political institutions activity in the conditions of
security problems intensification // Studia Universitatis. Seria tiine sociale,
2007. - 6. - P. 289-291.
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PROGRAMULCADRU 7
Programul-Cadru 7 este principalul instrument al Uniunii Europene privind
finanarea cercetrii i dezvoltrii pentru perioada 2007-2013. Este continuarea
programului FP6, proiectat pe baza realizrilor programelor precedente, acestea
fiind implementate nc n 1984.
FP7 are scopul de a realiza o arie european de cercetare, orientat spre o
societate i economie european bazate pe cunoatere i dezvoltare.
Pagina PC7: http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/
Potrivit factorilor principali ai cercetrii europene, FP7 se bazeaz pe 4
programe: COOPERATION (se refer la prioriti tematice), IDEAS, PEOPLE
i CAPACITIES, care au la baz obiective ce includ toate domeniile tiinifice.
I. COOPERATION (volumul de finanare 32,3 miliarde euro)
cooperare: proiectele comune ale centrelor de cercetare se axeaz pe
nou arii tematice (vor fi menionate mai jos), continundu-se astfel
programul precedent, FP6. Finaneaz acele activiti de cercetare, care
sunt produsul unor colaborri internaionale. Sunt parte integrant a
programului i colaborrilor dintre statele-membre i rile tere.
Programul COOPERATION este divizat n 4 subprograme:
1. Collaborative research colaborare cu centrele de cercetare.
2. Joint Tehnology Initiatives demararea iniiativelor tehnologice
europene, mai ales de ctre platformele tehnologice europene.
3. Coordination of non-Community research programmes combinarea,
coordonarea programelor de cercetare necomunitare.
4. International Cooperation cooperare internaional.
Pe lng cele 4 prioriti orizontale, FP7 definete i cele 9 prioriti
tematice ale Programului COOPERATION:
1. Sntate procese i tehnologii pentru sntate; implementarea
rezultatelor cercetrii pentru asigurarea sntii umane, optimizarea asigurrii
serviciilor de sntate pentru cetenii europeni, mbuntirea calitii vieii,
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PUBLICAIE PERIODIC TIINIFICO-METODIC
Nr. 2(3), 2007
Redactori: Eugenia BALAN (l.romn)
Valentina MLADINA (l.rus)
Asistena computerizat i coperta: Vitalie ILACU
Bun de tipar 20.06.2008. Formatul 70x100 1/12.
Coli de tipat 18,4. Coli editoriale 19,2.
Comanda 105/08. Tirajul 200 ex.
Centrul Editorial-Poligrafic al USM
str. Al.Mateevici, 60, Chiinu, MD 2009