GeographicInformationSystem inDisasterManagement

DR.Xin ZHANG
ChiefGISConsultant/Scientist SuperMapSoftwareCo,.LTD

SnowDisasterinSouthernChinain2008

Wenchuan Earthquakein2008
May12,magnitude8.0,69227killed,374643injured, 17923lost May12isnowDisasterPreventionandReductionDayfor China

Yushu Earthquakein2010

Zhouqu Mudslidein2010

FrequentExtremeWeather

Heavy rain, wind, lighting, snow, high-temperature Disasters

ProblemstoSolveinDisasterManagement
Theoccurrence,development,andimpactofdisasterspossessspatialcharacteristics Thecommandanddispatch,disasterrelief,sitesearchindisasterrapidresponseare carriedoutwithinacertainspatialextent

What?
(General)

Disaster

Where?
(Spatial)

How?

Why?

When?
(Time) Where + How Geographic position, distribution, impact Measures

Agenda
1
WhatisGeographicInformationSystem(GIS)

2 3 4 5

WhatreGISBenefitsinDisasterManagement GISApplicationCasesinNaturalDisasters NewTrend MobileGISinDisastersandCaseStudy

HowtoConstructaGISApplicationforDisasters

Progress
1
WhatisGeographicInformationSystem(GIS)

2 3 4 5

WhatreGISBenefitsinDisasterManagement GISApplicationCasesinNaturalDisasters NewTrend MobileGISinDisastersandCaseStudy

HowtoConstructaGISApplicationforDisasters

1.WhatisGeographicInformation System(GIS)
ConceptsofGIS
GeographicalExpression InformationDecisionMaking System

GISFunctions GISApplications Network/HardwareinGIS

ConceptsofGeographicInformation System

G I S

Geographical Expression

Information Decision

System

GeographicalExpression Manyoftheissuesinourworldhaveacritical spatialcomponent.

GeographicalExpressionMethod
Datasets
Visualization

Layers

Therelationshipof differenttypesof informationcanbe depictedononedigital mapthroughtheoverlay oflayers

Reality

GeographicalExpressionMethod

GeographicalExpressionMethod

InformationDecision

MapisONLYthecarrier,butnotGISitself.

Information SomeDecisionexamples
Whereisthenearestgasstation? Whichrouteisbetterforthereliefsupplies transportation? Whichplaceissuitableforanewsupermarket?

GISDefinition GISisbeyondaMap
GISis thetechnologythatusesmaptopresent,manage,statistics,and analyzeusersinformation.

System
Applicationsusedinvariousindustries
GISPlatform:ARCGIS,SuperMapGIS,MapInfo, OpenSource,

S
MobileGIS Client/Server GISSystem Browser/Server

1.WhatisGeographicInformation System
ConceptsofGIS
GeographicExpression InformationDecisionMaking System

GISFunctions GISApplications Network/HardwareinGIS

GISFunctions
SpatialDataManagement Display Query Modify
Add,edit,anddeletespatialfeatures

SpatialAnalysis
Bufferanalysis,overlayanalysis,networkanalysis, rasteranalysis

Output
Mappingandlayout,mapoutput

SpatialDataManagement

BasicGeographicInformationData
Massivedata,requireshighefficiency

DisasterBusinessData
Spatialcharacteristicsofdistribution,dynamic, realtime,multisource,multidimension, complicatedmanagement Managebasedonspatialdataframework,i.e., griddedmanagement

21

HowtogetGISdata?
SURVEY RS

SatelliteNavigation

Display

LandMap Themeteorologicaldrought monitoring map Radar data display Realtimemonitoringanddisplayofsoundingsdata

3DDisplay

2Dof Map Load model BirdsNest Load Load Data Load KML Vector data 3DPipelines Load 3D Terrain andImage

ThematicMapping

GraphMap

SpatialAnalysis

Network Analysis Hydrology Analysis Buffer 3D Analysis Visibility Analysis Slope and Aspect

MappingandOutput

1.WhatisGeographicInformation System
ConceptsofGIS
GeographicExpression InformationDecisionMaking System

GISFunctions GISApplications Network/HardwareinGIS

GISusedinVariousIndustries
EGovernment Land Education Transportation Agriculture Forest Meteorological Tourist Environment Planning Ocean Statistics RealEstate Enterprise BI/CRM Oil Gas WireTV TapWater Civilaviation Telecom Electricity Bank Insurance Military MilitaryCommand IndividualCombat terminal Public Service LocationBased Service Information sharing Navigation Monitoring

GISusedinVariousIndustries

OceanDynamicMonitoringSystem Surface water monitoring information National Statistics & CensusGIS

1.WhatisGeographicInformation System
ConceptsofGIS
GeographicExpression InformationDecisionMaking System

GISFunctions GISApplications Network/HardwareinGIS

Network/HardwareinGIS
Switch/Router/Firewall/Server/PC WirelessNetwork/Internet/Intranet
GPRS/CDMA/TD/WIFI/

Ethernet

Progress
1
WhatisGeographicInformationSystem(GIS)

2 3 4 5

WhatreGISBenefitsinDisasterManagement GISApplicationCasesinNaturalDisasters NewTrend MobileGISinDisastersandCaseStudy

HowtoConstructaGISApplicationforDisasters

GISBenefitsinDisasterManagement

Mitigation /Prevention

Meteorological Water Earthquake

GISBenefitsinDisasterManagement
Disasterriskidentificationand priorityassessment Disasterplanmanagement Planexerciseandvisualization Disastermonitoring& earlywarning Disastersimulation

1
Mitigation/ Prevention

2
Preparedness

4 Recovery
Disasterassessment Postdisaster reconstructionplanning

3 Disaster Response
Disasterresponseand emergencyrescue Commandanddispatch Disasterinformation displayandrealtime publishing

GISBenefitsinDisasterManagement
DisasterMitigation/Prevention
Disasterriskidentification,assessment,andpriority Disasterplanmanagement Planexerciseandvisualization

DisasterPreparedness
Disastermonitoring&earlywarning Disastersimulation

DisasterResponse
Disasterresponseandemergencyrescue Commandanddispatch Disasterinformationdisplayandrealtimepublishing

RecoverafterDisaster
Disasterassessment Postdisasterreconstructionplanning

DisasterRiskIdentificationandAssessment
Performquantitativeanalysisondisasterrisk togetthedisasterriskzoningmapbasedon disasterriskassessmentmodel
1Dangerofinducingfactors (temperature,windstrength andduration) 2Environmentalsensitivity (topography,altitude,water system)

Factorsfor meteorological disasters 4Disasterpreventionand reductioncapability (percapitaGDP,floodcontrol area) 3Vulnerabilityofhazard bearingbody(Population distribution,economic development,propertydensity)

DisasterRiskIdentificationandAssessment RainstormandFloodDisasterRiskMaps
DisasterRisk = ( FactorDanger ) wh ( EnvironmentalSensitivity ) (Vu ln erabilityofDisasterBearingBody ws )(10 Disaster Pr eventionand Re ductionCapability ) wr

Disaster factor danger Disaster Environmental Vulnerability of prevention and reduction capability sensitivity disaster bearing body

Riskdivisions (equalweight)

DisasterPlanManagement
Plandocsmanagement Managementofemergencyplans

Query/ AddEmergency plan Emergency planmanagement

PlanExerciseandVisualization

Shifanyu reservoirplandemonstration

GISBenefitsinDisasterManagement
DisasterMitigation/Prevention
Disasterriskidentification,assessment,andpriority Disasterplanmanagement Planexerciseandvisualization

DisasterPreparedness
Disastermonitoring&earlywarning Disastersimulation

DisasterResponse
Disasterresponseandemergencyrescue Commandanddispatch Disasterinformationdisplayandrealtimepublishing

RecoverafterDisaster
Disasterassessment Postdisasterreconstructionplanning

DisasterMonitoring&EarlyWarning

DataAcquisition
Collect monitoringdata Collectother data

Prediction
Selectdisaster prediction model Inputmonitoring data

EarlyWarning
Extractunitsin warningzone Warning notification Generate warningmap

DisasterMonitoring&EarlyWarning
Meteorologicaldatadisplay&monitoring
Queryanddisplayrealtimedata,historicaldata andbasicgeospatialdata Realtimemonitordatacomesfromobservation stations,regionalstations,radars,forecast,etc.

Rainfallfromobservationstations Meteorologicaldisastermonitoring

DisasterMonitoring&EarlyWarning
Warningfunction
Ifthemeteorologicaldataexceedsthepreset threshold,systemwillshowwarninginformation

Generatewarningproducts
Forecastersusethetemplatesofmeteorological disasterwarning

Rainfallforecastmap Meteorologicaldisasterwarningproduct

DisasterSimulation
SimulatethedisasterprocessusingGIS
Scene Flood Rain,snow,etc. Routeoftyphoon

DisasterSimulation
Floodsimulation Rainfallsimulation

Typhoonsimulation Typhoonsimulation

GISBenefitsinDisasterManagement
DisasterMitigation/Prevention
Disasterriskidentification,assessment,andpriority Disasterplanmanagement Planexerciseandvisualization

DisasterPreparedness
Disastermonitoring&earlywarning Disastersimulation

DisasterResponse
Disasterresponseandemergencyrescue Commandanddispatch Disasterinformationdisplayandrealtimepublishing

RecoverafterDisaster
Disasterassessment Postdisasterreconstructionplanning

DisasterResponseandEmergencyRescue
SpatialanalysisanddataminingofGIS
Usespatialinformationtomakedecision,e.g. materialdispatching,impactedareasandpeople, positioning. Flood analysis
Buffer analysis

Path analysis

Diffusion analysis

DisasterResponseandEmergency Rescue
1 2 3 4 5 6 Preassessmentofthedisasterrange Querysensitivepointsinthewarningarea,suchasgeologicaldisasterpoints, reservoirs,schools,etc. Showthecommandunitsandtheirdutiesinthewarningarea Drawrescuelinesandofferemergencyrouteplan Analyzedisastermaterialsdispatching

DisasterResponseandEmergency Rescue

Queryand manage members Manage and queryemergencyplan Social,economicandsensitivepointsinformationinthedisasterarea

CommandandDispatch
GPS

Realtimepositioningmonitoring

CDMA/GPRS

Realtime positioning

Uniformdata standards

DisasterInformationPublishing
Disasterdistributionmap Disasterdamage Reconstructionafterdisaster,including schedule,plan,cost,etc.

DisasterInformationPublishing

SARSepidemicpublishingbyMinistryofHealth

GISBenefitsinDisasterManagement
DisasterMitigation/Prevention
Disasterriskidentification,assessment,andpriority Disasterplanmanagement Planexerciseandvisualization

DisasterPreparedness
Disastermonitoring&earlywarning Disastersimulation

DisasterResponse
Disasterresponseandemergencyrescue Commandanddispatch Disasterinformationdisplayandrealtimepublishing

RecoverafterDisaster
Disasterassessment Postdisasterreconstructionplanning

DisasterAssessmentandReconstruction

DisasterAssessment
Assessdisasterlosses,suchaspopulation, collapsedbuildings,roads,crops,etc. Assessthereconstructioncostin accordancewithdisasterlosses

Reconstruction
Plan,schedule,etc.

55

DisasterAssessmentandReconstruction

Sichuan Statistics System Reconstruction Sichuan Sichuan Statistics Statistics System System Reconstruction Reconstruction

Progress
1
WhatisGeographicInformationSystem(GIS)

2 3 4 5

WhatreGISBenefitsinDisasterManagement GISApplicationCasesinNaturalDisasters NewTrend MobileGISinDisastersandCaseStudy

HowtoConstructaGISApplicationforDisasters

NaturalDisasterTypes
Meteorologicaldisasters
Typhoon,rainandsnow,ice,sandandduststorm

Geologicaldisasters
Earthquake,volcano,landslide,debrisflow

FloodandDroughtdisasters MarineDisasters
Tsunami,stormsurge

ForestandGrasslandFire

CaseStudy
MeteorologicalBureauofJiangsuProvince: Meteorologicaldisasterwarningand emergencydecisionmakingsystem
SystemTarget
Monitorandwarndisasters,e.g.,rainstorm,typhoon,snowstorm,low temperature,hightemperature,fog,etc. Forecast,serviceproductpublishingandwarninginformation publishingviaInternet Autogenerateplansofthedisasteremergencyanddecisionmaking command

DataFoundation Liveandhistoricaldatacoversautostations, radars,satellites,WS,typhoon,snow, geologicaldisaster,etc.

NETCDF data

60

SystemArchitectureDesign

SystemDevelopmentStructure
Forecast and warning generation Service product generation and management Service product publishing System management Real-time data displaying Decisionmaking management Emergency command

SystemFunctions
Real-time monitoring Forecast and warning generation Disaster warning Service product generation and management Service product publishing Meteorological disaster warning and emergency decisionmaking system System management 3D emergency respond command system Decision-making management Emergency command Real-time data displaying

Data interpreted service

Workflow

FunctionsDisplaying

Makeproduct Makeforecastmap 1hrainfallmonitoring Realtimemonitoringsystem Makesymbols Productpublishing Shortmessagepublishing

3DMeteorological EmergencyRespond&Command
Realtimedatadisplay

Realtime1hrainfall Realtimevisibility Radars Typhoonpath Realtimetemperature

Satellite

3DMeteorological EmergencyRespond&Command
Emergencyrespondandcommand Decisionmakingmanagement

Escape DrawDraw rescue routeRoute Rainstorm preassessment

Progress
1
WhatisGeographicInformationSystem(GIS)

2 3 4 5

WhatreGISBenefitsinDisasterManagement GISApplicationCasesinNaturalDisasters NewTrend MobileGISinDisastersandCaseStudy

HowtoConstructaGISApplicationforDisasters

MobileGIS Features
1 IntegratedwithGIS,GPSandmobile communication(GSM/GPRS/CDMA) SpatialdatamanagementandspatialanalysiswithGIS

PositioningandtrackingwithGPS

DataacquisitionwithPDA Transmitdataofimages,textandaudioswithmobile communicationtechnology

MobileGIS Features
Commandcenter
Beidou satellites,GPS satellites

Cluster Communication CDMA/GPRS

Realtime Positioning

AdvantagesofMobileGISinDisaster Management
Supportmultiplemobileterminals(PDA,cell phones,laptops)

Realtimeservices(Navigationdevicessupported)

Supportmultipletypesofdataacquisition
Points,linesandregionsbyPDA,images,videos,audios,test, positioningservices

CommunicationTransmissionin MobileGIS
MobileGISneedscommunicationdevicesand technologies

CaseStudy

National DisasterAlleviation Center: DisasterMobileInformationServiceSystem

SystemTarget Taskdispatching,disasterdatacollectionfrommultisources,disaster datasubmitting,

SystemArchitecture

SystemDivision
Mobile Server Database

DisasterMobileInformationServiceSystem
Dispatching

Submit

Backgroundservicesystem(Nationaldisastermobileplatform)

Geographic data

Task data

Field data

Report data

Metadata

SystemWorkflow
9 9 Downloadtask Deploytask 9 9 9 9 Collectdisasterlist Photos,videos Drawdisasterarea Submitdata
Field work

Field

Load field task

Background

Create field task

Monitor field work

Export data

9 9 9

Customlist Customlayer Workgroup

9 9

Processofdisaster collection Travelpathtracking

NetworkStructure
Backgroundservicesystem

Wireless network

Mobileterminalsystem

Public Network

Intranet

Database

Dataprocessing

HardwareDeployment
Servers in Disaster Center
GPRS/3G Portable terminal system Router Firewall Data process tool

Gateway

Internet Users

App. Server 1 App. Server 2

Background server system Background server system

DB Server

Geographic database server

Disk array

SystemInterface
DisasterSearchandRescueWorkDynamicTracking (web&phone)

NaturalDisastersMobilInformationSystem

SystemApplication Zhouqu DebrisFlow

Site Assessment of Giant Flash Flood and Debris Flow Disaster in Zhouqu County, Gansu Province

Fielddisasterassessment ThefieldworkgroupuseDisasterMobileServiceSystem to investigatethedisasterarea(about2.09 km),andcollect disasterlossesdata(212). Thissystemgreatlyimprovesthedisasterassessment.

EarthquakeEvaluationforYushu

Progress
1
WhatisGeographicInformationSystem(GIS)

2 3 4 5

WhatreGISBenefitsinDisasterManagement GISApplicationCasesinNaturalDisasters NewTrend MobileGISinDisastersandCaseStudy

HowtoConstructaGISApplicationforDisasters

DISCUSSION

ThankYou
SuperMapIBD