THE APEC REGION TRADE AND INVESTMENT

2013

The APEC Region Trade and Investment 2013

Trade Advocacy and Statistics Section Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australia September 2013

ISSN 1321-6708 (Print) ISSN 1839-5589 (Online) ISBN 978-1-74322-118-1 (Book) ISBN 978-1-74322-117-4 (PDF format)

With the exception of the Commonwealth Coat of Arms and where otherwise noted, this report is licenced under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia licence http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/. You are free to reuse, modify, remix and distribute this material. The entire publication may be included as an appendix in your work for reference if you wish. Under the terms of the licence, you are required to attribute DFAT material in the manner specified (but not in any way that suggests that DFAT endorses you or your use of the work). DFAT material used as supplied Provided you have not modified or remixed the material in this publication in any way it may be reused as long as the following attribution is used: Source: DFAT publication The APEC Region Trade and Investment 2013. Derivative material If you have modified or remixed the material in this publication, or derived new material from it in any way, the following attribution must be used: Based on the DFAT publication The APEC Region Trade and Investment 2013.

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The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) has taken great care to ensure the information contained in this publication is as correct and accurate as possible. However, DFAT does not guarantee, and accepts no legal liability whatsoever arising from or connected to, the accuracy, reliability, currency or completeness of any material contained in the publication. DFAT recommends that users exercise their own skill and care with respect to their use of the material contained in the publication and that users carefully evaluate the accuracy, currency, completeness and relevance of the material for their purposes.

Unless otherwise specified, all amounts are in Australian dollars.

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Contents
Table No. Page 1 2 3 4 5 6

.. ..

APECs economic and trade highlights .......................................................................................... Australias trade highlights with the APEC region 2012 ............................................................... Composition of trade .............................................................................................................. Direction of trade ..................................................................................................................... Australias investment relationship with APEC members ........................................................ Charts APEC members intra- and extra-regional merchandise exports......................................

..

Section 1: Australias trade and investment with APEC

Statistical tables
Table No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Australias exports of goods and services ....................................................................................... Australias imports of goods and services ....................................................................................... Australias total trade in goods and services ................................................................................... Australias trade balance ................................................................................................................. Australias trade with APEC by level of processing ......................................................................... Australias merchandise trade with APEC ....................................................................................... Australias services trade with APEC .............................................................................................. Foreign investment in Australia from APEC members level of investment .................................. Australian investment in APEC members level of investment ...................................................... Australias international investment position with APEC total and direct investment ................... Page 13 13 14 14 15 16 18 19 20 21

Section 2: APEC statistical tables

Table No. 11 12 13 14 Selected indicators APEC and the World ........................................................................................ Trade in goods and services APEC and the World ......................................................................... Goods and services trade, by APEC members .................................................................................. Intra-APEC merchandise trade .......................................................................................................... Page 24 25 26 27

Section 3: Technical appendices

A B Explanatory notes ............................................................................................................................... Abbreviations and symbols used in all DFAT trade statistical publications ........................................ 30 34

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A WORLD OF TRADE DATA AT YOUR FINGERTIPS

UP TO DATE TRADE STATISTICS SERVICES TAILORED TO YOUR NEEDS FROM AUSTRALIAS PREMIER SOURCE
In so many industries, knowledge is the key to success. And its the quality of that information thats paramount. Now you can access Australian trade statistics gathered and held by Australias leading expert in the field, the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT). Better still, this information can be customised and prepared to suit your specific needs. The Trade Advocacy and Statistics Section (TSS) provides statistics for use in research, including detailed classifications of exports and imports. TSSs data holdings include a substantial amount of economic and social information about Australia and the rest of the world. Trade data is available in any of the following combinations.

* * Pivot tables * *
AUSTRALIA'S MERCHANDISE EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
Country and commodity pivot table 2006 to 2012
Direction Country A$'000 Row Labels 001 Live animals (excl seafood) 011 Beef, f.c.f. 012 Meat (excl beef), f.c.f. 016 Meat, salted or dried 017 Meat, prepared or preserved 022 Milk, cream, whey & yoghurt Exports (All) Column Labels 2006 881,973 4,855,678 2,112,152 8,914 108,433 1,388,395

2011 1,071,078 4,683,991 2,374,928 5,671 64,743 1,210,392

2012 1,050,491 4,754,352 2,370,345 6,120 70,906 1,234,301

In addition to the regular PDF releases of the Composition of Trade and Trade in Primary and Manufactured Products, an expanded range of the tables have been released in pivot table format, using MS Excel. All users with access to MS Excel 2007 or 2010 will be able to download the pivot tables, enabling significantly enhanced analysis of the data. The pivot tables provide extra analytical power for statistical research, with functions that include the ability to:

Instantly switch between export and import views and amongst countries, country groups and commodities; Pivot the data to switch your analysis from country by commodity to commodity by country; and Sort in descending order to find the top commodity exports/imports with a selected country or the top countries of exports/imports for a selected commodity.

The Explanatory notes attached to the pivot table spread sheet describe how to perform these operations. DFAT would appreciate your feedback on the pivot tables released in conjunction with these publications. Initially they will be released together with the PDF version of the publications, however they may be subject to a more frequent release schedule in the future. Feedback can be sent to statssection@dfat.gov.au. The pivot tables can be accessed at the Trade statistical pivot tables webpage.

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Market information service

TSS provides accurate and timely, high-level statistical support for research and analysis. The consultancy service draws on international sources to compile the most comprehensive coverage available, so you can have a world of trade information individually prepared to your requirements and delivered quickly, accurately and at a very competitive price. Reports can be tailor-made according to requirements by country and by commodity monthly, quarterly and for calendar or financial years. country economic factsheets (180 countries currently available).

TSS prepares general profiles of economic and social indicators for Australias trading partners

Trade statistical publications

Each year TSS produces a range of publications containing detailed information on all aspects of Australias trade in goods and services with the rest of the world. These are available as accessible PDFs at http://www.dfat.gov.au/publications/statistics.html Releases in the series include:

For more information about our service email statssection@dfat.gov.au or visit the following DFAT websites: http://www.dfat.gov.au/trade/trade-and-economic-statistics.html or www.dfat.gov.au/geo/fs.

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APECs economic and trade highlights

APECs GDP (in PPP terms) 1992 to 2012 1

As a group, APECs GDP in Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) terms 2 has increased almost three-fold from $14.8 trillion in 1992 to $46.6 trillion in 2012. In 2012, APEC accounted for 56.0 per cent of the worlds GDP in PPP terms compared with 53.2 per cent in 1992. APECs GDP has grown at an average 6.0 per cent per annum since 1992 in PPP terms faster than both non-APEC countries average growth (5.6 per cent) and the worlds average growth (5.8 per cent) over the same period. APECs population grew by an average 0.9 per cent per annum from 2.2 billion (1992) to 2.8 billion (2012) compared with the world population which grew by an average 1.3 per cent per annum for the same period. APEC accounted for 39.6 per cent of world population in 2012. APECs per capita GDP has risen from $6,751 in 1992 to $16,760 in 2012 in PPP terms higher than both non-APEC countries average GDP per capita of $8,624 (up from $4,008 in 1992) and the worlds average GDP per capita of $11,847 in 2012 (up from $5,113 in 1992).

GDP per capita PPP

18,000 15,000 12,000 9,000 6,000 3,000 0 1992
(a) In international dollars. Source: IMF WEO, April 2013.

(a)

2012 APEC non-APEC World

APECs trade (in US dollars) 3

Goods and services exported by APEC members to the world have increased from US$2.1 trillion in 1992 to US$10.3 trillion in 2012. Similarly, goods and services imported by APEC members have risen from US$2.0 trillion to US$10.8 trillion. Intra-regional merchandise exports and imports amongst APEC economies have been robust, growing at an average of 8.1 per cent and 8.2 per cent per annum respectively since 1992. In 2012, intra-regional merchandise exports accounted for 69.1 per cent of APECs total merchandise exports while intra-regional merchandise imports accounted for 68.5 per cent.

1 The Russian Federation is not included in the IMF WEO database and various international trade sources for 1989 to 1991 and therefore cannot be included in the APEC total for this period. The comparison of historical APEC GDP and trade is therefore for the period 1992 to 2012 only as this period includes all APEC members. 2 An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a US dollar has in the United States at a set point in time. See Explanatory notes for more details. 3 Goods (merchandise) trade is published on a recorded trade basis, services on a balance of payments basis.

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Australias trade highlights with the APEC region 2012

Australias trade in goods and services with the APEC region
A$b 250 200 150 100 50 0 -50 2002 2004
Balance

A$b 250 200 150 100 50 0 -50 2006 2008

Exports

The value of total trade in goods and services with the APEC region increased 1.4 per cent to $437.8 billion in 2012 since 2007, total trade values have increased by an average of 6.5 per cent per annum.

APEC accounted for 71.1 per cent of Australias total trade in goods and services.

2010

2012
Imports

Based on ABS trade data on DFAT STARS database & ABS catalogue 5368.0.

Australias goods and services exports to the APEC region

Services 13.4% Other goods 13.8% Primary products 59.6%

The value of exports to the APEC region fell by 3.0 per cent to $231.4 billion in 2012 however, since 2007, export values have increased by 9.0 per cent per annum.

Primary products decreased $137.8 billion.

7.1 per cent to

ETM 8.8% STM (excl Nickel) 4.4%

Manufactured products (including both STM and ETM) fell 3.6 per cent to $30.6 billion. Other goods $31.9 billion. increased 14.1 per cent to

Based on ABS trade data on DFAT STARS database & ABS catalogue 5368.0.

Services rose 1.8 per cent to $31.1 billion.

Australias goods and services imports from the APEC region

Services 16.7% Other goods 5.8% Primary products 18.2%

The value of imports from the APEC region increased 6.8 per cent to $206.4 billion in 2012 since 2007, import values have risen by 4.0 per cent per annum.

STM 3.9%

Primary products $37.6 billion.

increased

4.6 per cent

to

Manufactured products (including both STM and ETM) rose 10.1 per cent to $122.4 billion. Other goods $11.9 billion. decreased 7.1 per cent to

ETM 55.4% Based on ABS trade data on DFAT STARS database & ABS catalogue 5368.0.

Services rose 3.5 per cent to $34.5 billion.

4 Unless otherwise stated, all dollar amounts quoted in the following sections are measured in Australian dollars and are in current price terms. Goods (merchandise) trade is published on a recorded trade basis, services on a balance of payments basis.

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Composition of trade
Composition of Australias merchandise exports to the APEC region 5
A$b 75 60 45 30 15 0 2011
Iron ores & concentrates Crude petroleum Wheat Coal Gold

Australias major merchandise exports to the APEC region in 2012 were Iron ore & concentrates down 15.1 per cent to $54.3 billion Coal down 4.8 per cent to $31.4 billion Crude petroleum up 0.2 per cent to $10.7 billion Gold up 28.5 per cent to $8.4 billion

2012

Wheat up 10.6 per cent to $4.7 billion.

Based on ABS trade data on DFAT STARS database.

Composition of Australias merchandise imports from the APEC region

A$b 16 12 8 4 0 2011
Refined petroleum Passenger motor vehicles Goods vehicles

Australias major merchandise imports from the APEC region in 2012 were Refined petroleum up 9.6 per cent to $14.5 billion Crude petroleum $12.7 billion down 0.4 per cent to

Passenger motor vehicles up 25.9 per cent to $12.1 billion

2012
Crude petroleum Telecom equipment & parts

Telecom equipment & parts up 9.2 per cent to $8.1 billion Goods vehicles $6.9 billion. up 35.5 per cent to

Based on ABS trade data on DFAT STARS database.

Australias services trade with the APEC region

A$b 20 15 10 5 0 Exports
Transport Travel

2012

The three main Services exports in 2012 were Transport services down 0.8 per cent to $3.5 billion Travel services up 1.4 per cent to $19.2 billion. Other services 6 up 4.2 per cent to $8.3 billion.

In 2012, the three main Services imports were Transport services up 2.5 per cent to $8.8 billion Travel services up 3.9 per cent to $15.7 billion 6 Other services up 3.1 per cent to $9.7 billion.

Imports
Other

Based on ABS catalogue 5368.0.

5 Excludes confidential items refer to the Explanatory notes. 6 Other services consist of services such as: Construction; Insurance & pension; Financial; Intellectual property charges; Telecommunications, computer & information; Other business services; Personal, cultural & recreational; and Government services. It excludes Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others and Maintenance & repair services nie.

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Direction of trade
China was Australias largest two-way goods and services trading partner in the APEC region in 2012, accounting for 28.6 per cent ($125.1 billion) of Australias total trade with the APEC region. China was both Australias largest export market and import source within the APEC region, accounting for 34.0 per cent ($78.7 billion) of total exports to the APEC region, and 22.4 per cent ($46.3 billion) of total imports from the APEC region.

Major goods and services export markets

A$b 80 60

Australias major export markets in the APEC region in 2012 were China up 2.1 per cent to $78.7 billion Japan down 5.0 per cent to $49.8 billion

40 20 0 China Japan Rep of Korea United States

2012

Republic of Korea down 13.7 per cent to $21.6 billion United States $14.6 billion
New Zealand

down up

2.4 per cent 0.5 per cent

to to

New Zealand $11.1 billion.

2011

Based on ABS trade data on DFAT STARS database & ABS catalogue 5368.0.55.004.

Major goods and services import sources

A$b 50 40 30 20 10

Australias major import sources from the APEC region in 2012 were China up 5.5 per cent to $46.3 billion United States up 5.3 per cent to $41.6 billion Japan up 5.9 per cent to $21.3 billion Singapore up 3.7 per cent to $18.8 billion Thailand up 18.3 per cent to $12.7 billion.

0 China United States

2011

Japan

Singapore Thailand

2012

Based on ABS trade data on DFAT STARS database & ABS catalogue 5368.0.55.004.

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Australias investment relationship with APEC members

The level of investment in Australia by APEC members rose 9.3 per cent to $970.6 billion in 2012. Direct investment by APEC members in Australia accounted for 28.5 per cent of total investment and was worth $276.4 billion. Australian investment in APEC members rose 7.3 per cent to $736.0 billion. Direct investment accounted for 31.1 per cent of total Australian investment in APEC members and was valued at $229.1 billion.

Major investment sources

A$b 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 United States Japan Singapore Hong Kong, China
2012

Australias major sources of investment from APEC members in 2012 were United States investment levels rose 12.3 per cent to $617.6 billion Japan investment levels up 1.3 per cent to $126.4 billion Singapore investment 15.3 per cent to $55.9 billion levels rose

Canada

Hong Kong, China investment levels up 5.2 per cent to $42.1 billion Canada investment levels 19.2 per cent to $31.8 billion. rose

2011

Based on ABS catalogue 5352.0.

Major investment destinations

A$b 500 400 300 200 100 0 United States New Zealand
2011

Australias major destinations for investment in APEC members in 2012 were United States investment 4.1 per cent to $434.0 billion levels up

New Zealand investment levels rose 5.1 per cent to $77.5 billion Canada investment 2.8 per cent to $42.7 billion.
Canada Japan
2012

levels

down

Singapore

Japan investment levels up 11.5 per cent to $39.1 billion Singapore investment 19.4 per cent to $26.7 billion. levels rose

Based on ABS catalogue 5352.0.

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APEC members intra- and extra-regional merchandise exports

APEC
US$tr 10 8 6 4 2 0 2007 Intraregional Extraregional US$b 280 240 200 160 120 80 40 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Intraregional Extraregional

Australia

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Sources: Global Trade Atlas, UN Comtrade database and IMF, Direction of Trade Statistics.

Based on ABS data on the DFAT STARS database.

Brunei
US$b 12 10 8 300 6 4 2 0 2007 200 Intraregional 100 0 2007 Extraregional US$b 500 400

Canada

Extraregional

Intraregional

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Source: IMF, Direction of Trade Statistics.

Source: Global Trade Atlas.

Chile
US$b 100 80 60 40 20 0 2007 Intraregional Extraregional US$b 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 2007

China

Extraregional

Intraregional

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Source: Global Trade Atlas.

Source: Global Trade Atlas.

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Hong Kong, China

US$b 500 400 300 200 100 0 2007 Intraregional Extraregional US$b 250 200 150 100 50 0 2007

Indonesia

Extraregional

Intraregional

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Source: Global Trade Atlas.

Source: Global Trade Atlas.

Japan
US$b 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 2007 Intraregional Extraregional US$b 250 200 150 100 50 0 2007

Malaysia

Extraregional

Intraregional

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Source: Global Trade Atlas.

Source: Global Trade Atlas.

Mexico
US$b 400 Extraregional US$b 40

New Zealand

300

30

Extraregional

200 Intraregional

20

100

10

Intraregional

0 2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

0 2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Source: Global Trade Atlas.

Source: Global Trade Atlas.

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Papua New Guinea

US$b 15 12 9 6 3 0 2007 Extraregional US$b 50 40 30

Peru

Extraregional 20 10 0 2007 Intraregional 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Intraregional 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Source: IMF, Direction of Trade Statistics.

Source: UN Comtrade database.

Philippines
US$b 60 Extraregional US$b 600 500 400 30 Intraregional 300 200 100 0 2007 0 2007

Republic of Korea

45

Extraregional

15

Intraregional

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Source: Global Trade Atlas.

Source: Global Trade Atlas.

Russian Federation
US$b 500 400 300 200 100 Intra-regional 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Extraregional US$b 500 400 300 200 100 0 2007

Singapore

Extraregional

Intraregional

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Source: UN Comtrade database.

Source: Global Trade Atlas.

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Chinese Taipei
US$b 300 240 180 120 Intraregional 60 0 2007 50 0 2007 Extraregional US$b 250 200

Thailand

Extraregional 150 100 Intraregional

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Source: Global Trade Atlas.

Source: Global Trade Atlas.

United States
US$b 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 2007 2008 Intraregional Extraregional US$b 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2007

Vietnam

Extraregional

Intraregional

2009

2010

2011

2012

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Source: Global Trade Atlas.

Source: IMF, Direction of Trade Statistics.

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Section 1
Australia's trade and investment with APEC

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TABLE 1: AUSTRALIA'S EXPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES (a)

(A$ million)
% share APEC World total total 0.0 1.1 0.3 34.0 1.9 2.6 21.5 2.9 0.4 4.8 1.5 0.1 1.0 9.3 0.4 4.4 3.7 2.5 6.3 1.2 100.0 0.0 0.8 0.2 26.2 1.4 2.0 16.6 2.2 0.3 3.7 1.2 0.1 0.8 7.2 0.3 3.4 2.9 1.9 4.9 0.9 77.1 100.0 % growth 2011 to 5 year 2012 trend -12.1 5.4 -1.9 2.1 -8.8 -8.1 -5.0 10.0 -21.1 0.5 13.0 15.0 16.6 -13.7 -15.1 7.8 -10.8 -25.3 -2.4 -8.4 -3.0 -4.3 -1.4 -1.0 12.5 24.6 0.1 5.7 5.6 7.2 7.7 -3.6 11.6 10.5 8.6 7.7 3.2 4.6 5.8 4.0 -2.5 9.0 9.0 6.1

Major country Brunei Canada Chile China Hong Kong, China Indonesia Japan Malaysia Mexico New Zealand Papua New Guinea Peru Philippines Republic of Korea Russian Federation Singapore Chinese Taipei Thailand United States Vietnam Total APEC Total World

2010 89 2,003 445 64,104 4,828 5,706 45,655 5,254 787 11,270 2,765 178 1,664 22,337 963 7,431 8,920 6,831 14,289 2,439 207,965 283,481

2011 91 2,327 674 77,103 4,757 6,656 52,366 6,132 1,187 11,012 3,058 193 1,979 24,989 1,096 9,520 9,679 7,731 14,993 2,961 238,508 313,232

2012 80 2,453 661 78,715 4,337 6,116 49,756 6,744 936 11,070 3,457 222 2,308 21,562 930 10,259 8,631 5,772 14,632 2,711 231,361 299,900

TABLE 2: AUSTRALIA'S IMPORTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES (a)

(A$ million)
% share APEC World total total 0.5 1.6 0.7 22.4 1.6 4.1 10.3 5.3 1.0 4.9 1.9 0.1 0.5 5.0 0.5 9.1 1.9 6.1 20.1 1.9 100.0 0.4 1.0 0.5 14.7 1.0 2.7 6.7 3.5 0.6 3.2 1.3 0.0 0.4 3.3 0.3 6.0 1.3 4.0 13.1 1.2 65.3 100.0 % growth 2011 to 5 year 2012 trend -17.0 25.0 27.6 5.5 2.4 4.9 5.9 10.5 11.5 -3.5 -5.6 -0.7 16.5 34.9 -12.1 3.7 0.8 18.3 5.3 9.2 6.8 7.4 0.2 -0.9 18.2 8.2 -0.5 9.1 0.2 4.3 11.3 2.6 7.7 -0.6 -1.2 8.1 29.7 2.2 -3.1 2.8 4.0 -7.5 4.0 4.5

Major country Brunei Canada Chile China Hong Kong, China Indonesia Japan Malaysia Mexico New Zealand Papua New Guinea Peru Philippines Republic of Korea Russian Federation Singapore Chinese Taipei Thailand United States (b) Vietnam Total APEC (b) Total World

2010 1,137 2,533 1,129 40,910 3,073 7,134 20,394 10,239 1,457 9,919 3,501 190 939 7,704 450 14,165 3,883 12,955 35,721 3,819 181,876 269,155

2011 1,358 2,579 1,160 43,929 3,131 8,115 20,118 9,877 1,826 10,540 4,208 148 970 7,644 1,085 18,157 3,976 10,698 39,469 3,592 193,207 294,436

2012 1,127 3,225 1,480 46,335 3,206 8,516 21,298 10,913 2,036 10,168 3,972 147 1,130 10,313 954 18,826 4,006 12,657 41,556 3,924 206,414 316,126

(a) All data is on a BOP basis, except for goods by country which are on a recorded trade basis. (b) Includes confidential United States' aircraft imports from 2008 onwards. Based on ABS trade data on DFAT STARS database, ABS catalogue 5368.0.55.004 and unpublished ABS data.

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TABLE 3: AUSTRALIA'S TOTAL TRADE IN GOODS AND SERVICES (a)

(A$ million)
% share Major country Brunei Canada Chile China Hong Kong, China Indonesia Japan Malaysia Mexico New Zealand Papua New Guinea Peru Philippines Republic of Korea Russian Federation Singapore Chinese Taipei Thailand United States (b) Vietnam Total APEC (b) Total World 2010 1,226 4,536 1,574 105,014 7,901 12,840 66,049 15,493 2,244 21,189 6,266 368 2,603 30,041 1,413 21,596 12,803 19,786 50,010 6,258 389,841 552,636 2011 1,449 4,906 1,834 121,032 7,888 14,771 72,484 16,009 3,013 21,552 7,266 341 2,949 32,633 2,181 27,677 13,655 18,429 54,462 6,553 431,715 607,668 2012 1,207 5,678 2,141 125,050 7,543 14,632 71,054 17,657 2,972 21,238 7,429 369 3,438 31,875 1,884 29,085 12,637 18,429 56,188 6,635 437,775 616,026 APEC total 0.3 1.3 0.5 28.6 1.7 3.3 16.2 4.0 0.7 4.9 1.7 0.1 0.8 7.3 0.4 6.6 2.9 4.2 12.8 1.5 100.0 World total 0.2 0.9 0.3 20.3 1.2 2.4 11.5 2.9 0.5 3.4 1.2 0.1 0.6 5.2 0.3 4.7 2.1 3.0 9.1 1.1 71.1 100.0 % growth 2011 to 2012 -16.7 15.7 16.7 3.3 -4.4 -0.9 -2.0 10.3 -1.4 -1.5 2.2 8.2 16.6 -2.3 -13.6 5.1 -7.5 0.0 3.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 5 year trend 0.1 -1.0 16.2 17.1 -0.1 7.5 3.8 5.4 10.0 -0.9 9.4 5.0 4.7 7.9 12.3 3.0 2.6 3.3 2.1 -2.1 6.5 5.3

TABLE 4: AUSTRALIA'S TRADE BALANCE IN GOODS AND SERVICES (a)

(A$ million)
Major country Brunei Canada Chile China Hong Kong, China Indonesia Japan Malaysia Mexico New Zealand Papua New Guinea Peru Philippines Republic of Korea Russian Federation Singapore Chinese Taipei Thailand United States (b) Vietnam Total APEC (b) Total World 2010 -1,048 -530 -684 23,194 1,755 -1,428 25,261 -4,985 -670 1,351 -736 -12 725 14,633 513 -6,734 5,037 -6,124 -21,432 -1,380 26,089 14,326 2011 -1,267 -252 -486 33,174 1,626 -1,459 32,248 -3,745 -639 472 -1,150 45 1,009 17,345 11 -8,637 5,703 -2,967 -24,476 -631 45,301 18,796 2012 -1,047 -772 -819 32,380 1,131 -2,400 28,458 -4,169 -1,100 902 -515 75 1,178 11,249 -24 -8,567 4,625 -6,885 -26,924 -1,213 24,947 -16,226

(a) All data is on a BOP basis, except for goods by country which are on a recorded trade basis. (b) Includes confidential United States' aircraft imports from 2008 onwards. Based on ABS trade data on DFAT STARS database, ABS catalogue 5368.0.55.004 and unpublished ABS data.

- 15 -

TABLE 5: AUSTRALIA'S TRADE WITH APEC BY LEVEL OF PROCESSING (a)

(A$ million)
% growth 2010 2011 2012 % share 2011 to 2012 5 year trend

Exports
Total Primary products (b) Unprocessed food Processed food Minerals Fuels Other primary Total Manufactured products (b) STM (excl Nickel) ETM Other Gold Services (c) Manufacturing services Maintenance & repair Transport Travel Other Total exports 123,182 5,681 11,837 59,338 41,335 4,991 30,280 11,532 18,747 24,734 3,767 29,769 38 42 3,515 18,868 7,306 207,965 148,351 7,620 12,327 75,510 46,082 6,812 31,688 11,950 19,738 27,914 6,504 30,555 25 32 3,572 18,958 7,968 238,508 137,827 8,516 12,168 65,623 44,978 6,541 30,555 10,206 20,349 31,862 8,357 31,117 10 36 3,543 19,224 8,304 231,361 59.6 3.7 5.3 28.4 19.4 2.8 13.2 4.4 8.8 13.8 3.6 13.4 0.0 0.0 1.5 8.3 3.6 100.0 -7.1 11.8 -1.3 -13.1 -2.4 -4.0 -3.6 -14.6 3.1 14.1 28.5 1.8 -60.0 12.5 -0.8 1.4 4.2 -3.0 14.9 24.9 -0.5 23.9 9.8 10.7 -0.9 -3.4 0.5 7.5 36.8 1.5 -6.9 -15.9 -6.8 3.4 2.1 9.0

Imports
Total Primary products (b) Unprocessed food Processed food Minerals Fuels Other primary Total Manufactured products (b) STM ETM Other (d) Gold Services (c) Manufacturing services Maintenance & repair Transport Travel Other Total imports 29,777 959 5,779 464 21,588 988 108,410 7,613 100,797 13,226 6,447 30,463 0 228 7,640 13,827 8,768 181,876 35,904 1,055 6,414 685 26,726 1,023 111,146 7,822 103,324 12,811 5,581 33,346 0 311 8,580 15,092 9,363 193,207 37,560 1,045 6,728 763 28,047 976 122,425 8,005 114,421 11,900 4,938 34,526 0 395 8,795 15,685 9,651 206,414 18.2 0.5 3.3 0.4 13.6 0.5 59.3 3.9 55.4 5.8 2.4 16.7 0.0 0.2 4.3 7.6 4.7 100.0 4.6 -0.9 4.9 11.4 4.9 -4.6 10.1 2.3 10.7 -7.1 -11.5 3.5 .. 27.0 2.5 3.9 3.1 6.8 4.7 5.7 8.1 3.1 4.4 -3.4 3.7 1.5 3.9 14.7 0.2 3.9 .. 33.9 0.2 9.1 0.0 4.0

(a) Goods on recorded trade basis, services on balance of payments basis. (b) Excludes confidential items of trade. (c) Cells in this table may have been perturbed to protect confidentiality. (d) Includes confidential United States' aircraft imports from 2008 onwards. Based on ABS trade data on DFAT STARS database, ABS catalogue 5368.0.55.004 and unpublished ABS data.

- 16 -

TABLE 6: AUSTRALIA'S MERCHANDISE TRADE WITH APEC

(A$ million) (a)
% growth 2011 to 5 year 2012 trend -15.1 -4.8 0.2 28.5 10.6 0.9 -4.2 -19.1 -9.7 21.2 -14.8 6.8 -10.6 23.3 -1.7 17.8 0.2 17.2 12.6 2.3 -3.7 29.0 13.6 5.9 36.8 73.3 -0.7 7.3 -7.8 3.3 8.6 2.3 45.6 5.1 -4.1 1.9 10.4 -3.6 7.1 -2.3 10.2 10.4

Rank SITC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 281 321 333 971 041 011 283 684 682 542 287 263 268 334 012 284 112 081 342 792

Commodity Iron ores & concentrates Coal Crude petroleum Gold Wheat Beef, f.c.f. Copper ores & concentrates Aluminium Copper Medicaments (incl veterinary) Other ores & concentrates (c) Cotton Wool & other animal hair (incl tops) Refined petroleum Meat (excl beef), f.c.f. Nickel ores & concentrates Alcoholic beverages Animal feed Liquefied propane & butane Aircraft, spacecraft & parts

2010 Top 20 merchandise exports 49,224 29,732 9,506 3,767 2,659 4,090 3,583 4,250 2,921 2,733 3,439 936 1,800 947 1,487 788 1,321 879 1,024 465 178,196 Top 20 merchandise imports

2011 63,987 32,999 10,685 6,504 4,250 4,306 3,900 4,463 3,607 2,603 3,600 2,308 2,265 1,329 1,616 1,209 1,260 960 906 873 207,953

2012 54,324 31,421 10,710 8,357 4,701 4,344 3,736 3,611 3,257 3,155 3,067 2,464 2,026 1,638 1,588 1,424 1,263 1,125 1,020 893 200,244

Total merchandise exports

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

334 333 781 764 782 752 723 971 821 625 542 784 894 778 761 741 893 874 691 751

Refined petroleum Crude petroleum Passenger motor vehicles Telecom equipment & parts Goods vehicles Computers Civil engineering equipment & parts Gold Furniture, mattresses & cushions Rubber tyres, treads & tubes Medicaments (incl veterinary) Vehicle parts & accessories Prams, toys, games & sporting goods Electrical machinery & parts, nes Monitors, projectors & TVs Heating & cooling equipment & parts Plastic articles, nes Measuring & analysing instruments Iron, steel, aluminium structures Office machines

9,070 11,926 11,465 6,670 5,282 6,181 2,001 6,447 2,261 1,847 1,782 1,743 2,322 1,908 2,700 1,850 1,595 1,527 627 1,896 151,413

13,209 12,769 9,603 7,378 5,087 6,273 2,872 5,581 2,384 2,254 1,865 1,887 2,117 1,961 2,188 1,702 1,662 1,506 1,377 1,793 159,861

14,473 12,719 12,086 8,060 6,892 6,388 4,999 4,938 2,516 2,491 2,372 2,190 2,091 2,051 1,828 1,797 1,796 1,778 1,735 1,682 171,885

9.6 -0.4 25.9 9.2 35.5 1.8 74.1 -11.5 5.5 10.5 27.2 16.1 -1.2 4.6 -16.5 5.6 8.1 18.1 26.0 -6.2 7.5

9.2 0.3 3.3 7.1 7.5 4.4 13.5 0.2 3.6 12.8 9.7 3.8 -0.9 3.9 -8.6 2.9 4.1 2.9 38.2 0.5 4.1

Total merchandise imports (c)

(a) Rank based on 2012. (b) Mainly Manganese , Lead and Zinc ores & concentrates. (c) Includes confidential items of trade see Explanatory notes . Based on ABS trade data on DFAT STARS database and unpublished ABS data.

- 17 -

AUSTRALIA'S MAJOR MERCHANDISE TRADE WITH APEC

Exports Imports

A$b 80 60 40 20 0 2007

Iron ores & concentrates

A$b 20 15 10 5 0

Refined petroleum

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

A$b 40 30 20 10 0 2007 2008

Coal

A$b 20 15 10 5 0

Crude petroleum

2009

2010

2011

2012

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

A$b 12 9 6 3 0 2007

Crude petroleum

A$b 15 12 9 6 3 0

Passenger motor vehicles

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

A$b 10 8 6 4 2 0 2007 2008

Gold

A$b 10 8 6 4 2 0

Telecom equipment & parts

2009

2010

2011

2012

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

A$b 5 4 3 2 1 0 2007 2008

Wheat

A$b 8 6 4 2 0

Goods vehicles

2009

2010

2011

2012

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

- 18 -

TABLE 7: AUSTRALIA'S SERVICES TRADE WITH APEC

(A$ million)
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total services exports Total services imports Balance on services trade

30,165 32,440 1,196

29,619 29,685 -2,089

29,769 30,463 260

30,555 33,346 -238

31,117 34,526 -3,139

Services exports Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others Manufacturing & repair services nie Transport services Travel services Business Personal Education-related Other Construction services Insurance & pension services Financial services Intellectual property charges nie Telecom. computer & information services Other business services Personal, cultural & recreational services Government services Services imports Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others Manufacturing & repair services nie Transport services Travel services Business Personal Education-related Other Construction services Insurance & pension services Financial services Intellectual property charges nie Telecom. computer & information services Other business services Personal, cultural & recreational services Government services
Based on ABS catalogue 5368.0.55.004.

21 58 5,230 17,049 1,844 15,205 8,844 6,361 60 343 625 484 1,017 4,482 348 448

55 52 3,621 18,152 1,808 16,343 9,787 6,556 101 279 595 647 1,010 4,272 385 450

38 42 3,515 18,868 1,976 16,892 9,998 6,894 81 290 426 740 813 4,137 369 450

25 32 3,572 18,958 2,393 16,564 9,670 6,894 56 365 576 731 778 4,657 356 450

10 36 3,543 19,224 2,756 16,467 9,369 7,098 23 411 747 642 691 4,919 421 450

0 92 9,654 12,378 2,171 10,208 508 9,700 0 173 971 2,087 1,126 4,640 853 467

0 193 6,816 12,923 1,856 11,067 479 10,587 0 144 512 1,933 1,192 4,637 846 488

0 228 7,640 13,827 1,899 11,929 540 11,388 0 145 351 2,015 1,123 3,898 748 488

0 311 8,580 15,092 1,928 13,164 527 12,637 0 123 525 2,216 949 4,115 945 488

0 395 8,795 15,685 2,183 13,501 571 12,930 0 123 564 2,334 805 4,419 916 488

- 19 -

TABLE 8: FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN AUSTRALIA FROM APEC MEMBERS LEVEL OF INVESTMENT (a)
(A$ million)
% growth 2010 20 20,790 np 19,463 39,603 409 118,684 8,399 37 34,439 1,799 np 997 9,250 1,259 41,942 4,622 4,962 542,795 np 850,150 1,965,146 2011 18 26,696 np 19,760 40,019 444 124,770 14,267 41 28,648 1,456 np 430 12,771 1,452 48,532 4,844 13,393 549,789 184 888,327 2,020,125 2012 21 31,822 np 22,947 42,104 595 126,434 14,925 33 28,040 -465 np 911 12,027 4,503 55,938 4,968 7,302 617,567 261 970,649 2,167,673 % share of APEC total 0.0 3.3 .. 2.4 4.3 0.1 13.0 1.5 0.0 2.9 0.0 .. 0.1 1.2 0.5 5.8 0.5 0.8 63.6 0.0 100.0 2011 to 2012 16.7 19.2 .. 16.1 5.2 34.0 1.3 4.6 -19.5 -2.1 -131.9 .. 111.9 -5.8 210.1 15.3 2.6 -45.5 12.3 41.8 9.3 7.3 5 year trend 3.1 22.8 .. 30.4 -4.1 2.4 14.1 15.2 24.1 -5.6 .. .. -0.8 11.8 .. 6.3 4.5 103.6 7.0 .. 7.6 5.0

Major country Brunei Canada Chile China Hong Kong, China Indonesia Japan Malaysia Mexico New Zealand Papua New Guinea Peru Philippines Republic of Korea Russian Federation Singapore Chinese Taipei Thailand United States Vietnam Total APEC World

Australia's top 5 foreign investment sources in APEC (b) - level A$b 800 A$b 150

120 600 90 400 60 200 30

0 United States

0 Japan
2010 2011

Singapore
2012

Hong Kong, China

Canada

(a) Level at end of period. (b) Data shown on different scales. Based on ABS catalogue 5352.0.

- 20 -

TABLE 9: AUSTRALIAN INVESTMENT IN APEC MEMBERS LEVEL OF INVESTMENT (a)

(A$ million)
% growth 2010 np 37,599 2,184 12,071 29,500 5,352 31,069 5,012 3,763 75,106 15,752 np 3,863 7,297 1,190 26,179 4,300 1,883 407,710 716 672,081 1,203,203 2011 10 43,972 2,336 17,142 20,881 5,339 35,060 5,858 3,137 73,735 16,123 np 5,433 7,969 1,480 22,325 3,796 np 416,779 611 685,866 1,186,549 2012 15 42,744 2,701 19,787 25,522 6,758 39,103 7,967 5,187 77,465 18,618 np 7,134 10,389 1,799 26,661 3,731 2,850 433,980 np 735,983 1,297,633 % share of APEC total 0.0 5.8 0.4 2.7 3.5 0.9 5.3 1.1 0.7 10.5 2.5 .. 1.0 1.4 0.2 3.6 0.5 0.4 59.0 .. 100.0 2011 to 2012 50.0 -2.8 15.6 15.4 22.2 26.6 11.5 36.0 65.3 5.1 15.5 .. 31.3 30.4 21.6 19.4 -1.7 .. 4.1 .. 7.3 9.4 5 year trend .. 5.5 8.1 30.1 5.5 12.9 1.2 20.5 25.1 1.5 49.5 .. 39.5 2.5 16.4 5.6 7.8 .. 1.1 .. 3.3 4.3

Major country Brunei Canada Chile China Hong Kong, China Indonesia Japan Malaysia Mexico New Zealand Papua New Guinea Peru Philippines Republic of Korea Russian Federation Singapore Chinese Taipei Thailand United States Vietnam Total APEC World

Australia's top 5 Australian investment destinations in APEC (b) - level A$b 450 400 350 300 250 40 200 150 100 50 0 United States 0 New Zealand
2010
(a) Level at end of period.

A$b 80

60

20

Canada
2012

Japan

Singapore

2011

(b) Data shown on different scales.

Based on ABS catalogue 5352.0.

- 21 -

TABLE 10: AUSTRALIA'S INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT POSITION WITH APEC

(A$ million)
Position at the beginning of the period Position at the end of the period

Period

Transactions

Other changes (a)

Investment income

Australian total investment in APEC

2010 2011 2012 644,644 672,081 685,866 42,498 48,856 10,917 -15,061 -35,071 39,200 672,081 685,866 735,983 21,229 21,033 19,615

APEC total investment in Australia

2010 2011 2012 795,192 850,150 888,327 78,805 58,518 61,388 -23,847 -20,341 20,934 850,150 888,327 970,649 36,711 36,643 30,078

Australian direct investment in APEC

2010 2011 2012 204,626 210,800 209,740 20,875 16,518 4,816 -14,701 -17,578 14,520 210,800 209,740 229,076 10,228 11,584 11,538

APEC direct investment in Australia

2010 2011 2012 200,664 232,952 249,365 37,129 38,302 31,863 -4,841 -21,889 -4,871 232,952 249,365 276,357 21,118 19,642 14,280

A$b 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 2007

Total investment

A$b 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 2007

Direct investment

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Australian investment in APEC APEC investment in Australia

Australian direct investment in APEC APEC direct investment in Australia

(a) Includes changes to the level of investment due to price movements, exchange rate movements and other adjustments. Based on ABS catalogue 5352.0.

- 22 -

- 23 -

Section 2
APEC statistical tables

- 24 -

TABLE 11: SELECTED INDICATORS - APEC AND THE WORLD (a)

% growth 2011 to 2012 trend 1992 to 2012 (c)

1989

1996

2002

2006

2011

2012

Gross domestic product (GDP) (US$ billion)

APEC Non-APEC (b) World % share APEC 10,945 8,117 19,062 57.4 17,189 13,358 30,547 56.3 20,191 13,212 33,403 60.4 27,434 22,018 49,452 55.5 39,166 31,054 70,221 55.8 41,210 30,497 71,707 57.5 5.2 -1.8 2.1 5.5 6.0 5.7

GDP per capita (US$)

APEC Non-APEC (b) World 5,188 2,627 3,666 7,005 4,016 5,285 7,798 3,616 5,350 10,291 5,667 7,548 14,180 7,432 10,117 14,823 7,197 10,218 4.5 -3.2 1.0 4.5 4.4 4.4

GDP PPP (International dollar billion)

APEC Non-APEC (b) World % share APEC 11,297 10,625 21,922 51.5 18,499 15,776 34,275 54.0 25,319 20,958 46,276 54.7 33,947 27,879 61,825 54.9 43,998 35,288 79,286 55.5 46,595 36,545 83,140 56.0 5.9 3.6 4.9 6.0 5.6 5.8

GDP per capita PPP (International dollar)

APEC Non-APEC (b) World 5,355 3,438 4,216 7,538 4,743 5,930 9,779 5,735 7,412 12,734 7,175 9,437 15,930 8,445 11,423 16,760 8,624 11,847 5.2 2.1 3.7 5.1 4.0 4.5

Population (million)
APEC Non-APEC (b) World % share APEC 2,110 3,090 5,200 40.6 2,454 3,326 5,780 42.5 2,589 3,654 6,243 41.5 2,666 3,885 6,551 40.7 2,762 4,179 6,941 39.8 2,780 4,237 7,018 39.6 0.7 1.4 1.1 0.9 1.5 1.3

GDP PPP - International dollar

trillion 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 1996 2002 2006 2011 2012 8 6 4 2 0 1996 18 16 14 12 10

GDP per capita PPP - International dollar

2002

2006

2011

2012

APEC

Non-APEC (b)

APEC

Non-APEC (b)

Refer to page 28 for footnotes. Source: International Monetary Fund - World Economic Outlook Database , April 2013 and US Census Bureau.

- 25 -

TABLE 12: TRADE IN GOODS AND SERVICES - APEC AND THE WORLD (a)
(US$ billion)
% growth 2011 to 2012 trend 1992 to 2012 (d)

1989

1996

2002

2006

2011

2012

APEC (b)
Exports Imports 1,547 1,599 3,015 3,089 3,604 3,855 6,455 6,749 10,003 10,333 10,295 10,799 2.9 4.5 8.3 8.5

Non-APEC (c)
Exports Imports 2,251 2,337 3,696 3,769 4,525 4,511 8,580 8,478 12,650 12,335 12,531 12,076 -0.9 -2.1 8.8 8.4

World
Exports Imports 3,798 3,936 6,711 6,858 8,128 8,367 15,035 15,226 22,653 22,668 22,827 22,875 0.8 0.9 8.6 8.4

APEC's % share of world total

Exports Imports 40.7 40.6 44.9 45.0 44.3 46.1 42.9 44.3 44.2 45.6 45.1 47.2

US$ trillion 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 1989 1996 2002

Exports

2006 Non-APEC (c)

2011

2012

APEC (b)

US$ trillion 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 1989 1996 2002

Imports

2006 Non-APEC (c)

2011

2012

APEC (b) Refer to page 28 for footnotes.

Sources: Global Trade Atlas; UN comtrade database; ABS trade data on DFAT STARS database (ABS catalogue 5368.0) and International Monetary Fund - Direction of Trade Statistics & Balance of Payments .

- 26 -

TABLE 13: GOODS AND SERVICES TRADE, BY APEC MEMBER (a)

(US$ million)
Exports 2002 2006 100,872 167,903 3,866 7,774 292,892 448,651 21,817 63,714 365,387 1,061,330 246,769 395,405 63,822 112,319 482,844 763,778 108,938 182,516 173,271 265,752 19,916 30,571 2,832 6,856 9,120 26,425 38,513 53,854 193,028 382,307 89,095 257,626 156,053 338,192 152,189 242,276 83,985 155,189 978,757 1,447,499 19,654 44,928 3,603,617 6,454,866 4,524,583 8,579,734 8,128,200 15,034,600 Imports 2002 2006 103,981 175,816 2,504 3,111 267,318 423,005 19,369 43,212 341,831 892,627 234,330 372,815 48,334 82,459 444,160 714,335 96,208 154,162 185,926 278,173 19,009 32,669 1,920 3,743 9,943 18,712 44,667 58,081 189,125 379,557 64,251 172,867 150,065 304,024 137,533 234,853 81,334 161,234 1,389,966 2,193,068 23,444 50,022 3,855,217 6,748,545 4,511,483 8,477,555 8,366,700 15,226,100 % share % growth world trend (e) total 92 to 12 1.4 8.6 0.1 6.9 2.3 6.1 0.4 11.5 9.2 18.2 2.5 6.8 1.0 8.1 4.3 4.3 1.2 8.4 1.6 9.3 0.2 6.6 0.1 8.3 0.2 13.5 0.3 6.8 2.9 10.3 1.9 12.6 2.3 9.3 1.5 6.5 1.2 8.8 9.2 5.9 0.5 18.4 44.2 8.2 55.8 8.9 100.0 8.6 % share % growth world trend (e) total 92 to 12 1.3 8.3 0.0 2.7 2.5 6.4 0.4 9.4 8.7 17.4 2.5 6.5 0.9 7.9 4.5 5.3 1.0 6.9 1.7 8.7 0.2 6.9 0.0 7.2 0.2 10.0 0.3 5.8 2.8 9.8 1.6 12.9 2.1 8.6 1.4 6.2 1.2 7.7 11.6 7.5 0.5 18.4 45.6 8.4 54.4 8.5 100.0 8.5

Australia Brunei (g) Canada Chile China Hong Kong, China Indonesia Japan Malaysia Mexico New Zealand Papua New Guinea Peru Philippines Republic of Korea Russian Federation Singapore Chinese Taipei Thailand United States Vietnam (f) Total APEC (b) Other countries (c) Total World

1989 48,616 1,882 139,031 9,853 57,518 89,670 27,087 368,023 27,922 30,256 11,294 1,602 4,324 10,980 71,796 na 54,355 73,462 25,647 491,025 2,472 1,546,816 2,250,884 3,797,700

1996 84,992 4,272 231,536 19,105 171,649 217,429 56,414 478,526 93,358 106,727 19,017 3,544 7,378 33,528 153,932 97,529 151,970 131,902 80,185 862,318 9,706 3,015,017 3,695,783 6,710,800

2011 320,527 12,398 532,203 93,898 2,075,703 573,786 224,187 969,051 264,149 364,866 47,831 12,458 50,000 65,765 650,662 433,915 518,378 337,374 261,946 2,088,033 105,597 10,002,728 12,649,872 22,652,600

2012 307,310 11,663 533,911 89,417 2,241,539 616,827 213,175 943,950 265,233 386,908 47,345 12,310 43,737 70,482 658,724 411,711 520,864 333,476 277,634 2,186,030 123,142 10,295,388 12,531,412 22,826,800

Australia (d) Brunei (g) Canada Chile China Hong Kong, China Indonesia Japan Malaysia Mexico New Zealand (d) Papua New Guinea (d) Peru Philippines Republic of Korea Russian Federation Singapore Chinese Taipei Thailand United States (d) Vietnam (f) Total APEC (b) Other countries (c) Total World

1989 58,040 859 149,026 8,979 63,053 82,999 22,883 303,540 27,383 30,683 11,983 1,876 3,434 12,735 70,162 na 56,584 66,027 29,883 595,867 3,032 1,599,027 2,336,573 3,935,600

1996 86,168 4,072 206,491 21,594 161,418 223,085 58,068 476,850 96,047 100,287 18,515 2,490 10,637 41,407 179,938 63,878 153,898 126,860 99,792 943,868 13,589 3,088,953 3,769,447 6,858,400

2011 293,702 7,782 557,168 81,918 1,979,498 567,710 208,759 1,023,626 225,645 380,247 46,193 9,450 44,244 72,511 625,482 368,104 480,694 323,092 281,436 2,637,266 118,609 10,333,134 12,335,166 22,668,300

2012 312,898 6,456 568,702 85,627 2,098,548 611,609 225,603 1,062,468 238,996 399,940 47,450 11,772 45,328 76,104 627,762 396,712 497,884 313,420 304,457 2,717,024 150,510 10,799,269 12,075,731 22,875,000

Refer to page 28 for footnotes. Sources: Global Trade Atlas; UN comtrade database; ABS trade data on DFAT STARS database (ABS catalogue 5368.0); International Monetary Fund - International Financial Statistics and World Trade Organization online statistics database .

- 27 -

TABLE 14: INTRA-APEC MERCHANDISE TRADE (a)

(US$ million)
APEC's exports to 2002 2006 1996 38,375 47,915 90,648 2,837 1,347 1,468 150,526 186,751 279,374 8,643 6,148 16,598 129,005 212,069 526,502 136,587 165,329 315,180 29,347 28,203 68,817 221,247 212,351 339,420 63,810 65,721 105,602 64,842 114,505 171,606 10,006 10,422 18,444 1,613 1,007 2,015 3,392 3,392 6,982 27,904 33,014 47,319 91,704 100,458 189,086 10,638 9,501 37,578 92,666 84,679 143,852 71,501 83,972 140,222 48,825 42,626 82,480 547,415 740,917 1,137,054 9,303 15,035 36,711 1,760,185 2,165,554 3,758,874 397,695 462,531 921,102 280,175 299,525 742,446 2,438,055 2,927,440 5,358,143 APEC's imports from 1996 2002 2006 47,548 49,956 97,454 2,450 3,628 7,456 181,305 231,913 339,890 9,410 11,128 34,267 198,302 354,249 801,036 34,593 35,604 39,694 42,824 51,837 94,783 337,339 346,463 532,120 72,688 93,191 159,109 82,820 148,454 223,379 10,919 10,914 15,718 2,131 1,420 3,477 3,149 4,176 15,255 19,436 37,777 59,809 88,729 128,057 260,179 18,411 25,061 56,707 73,586 67,803 122,777 112,295 130,763 231,792 43,578 54,820 105,434 429,404 452,398 624,054 4,717 10,910 29,316 1,815,633 2,250,380 3,853,879 402,712 492,384 791,282 299,828 416,238 1,034,767 2,518,173 3,159,146 5,673,582 % share % growth world trend (e) total 92 to 12 2.0 9.3 0.1 2.5 4.3 5.8 0.5 10.4 12.3 14.9 6.5 8.7 1.9 11.6 6.0 6.0 2.0 7.5 3.3 8.9 0.3 7.1 0.1 7.8 0.3 12.0 0.9 7.8 3.6 9.4 1.1 14.1 2.6 6.1 2.2 6.4 1.8 7.9 16.3 6.2 1.3 18.1 69.1 8.1 14.2 7.9 16.7 10.7 100.0 8.4 % share % growth world trend (e) total 92 to 12 1.9 9.5 0.1 2.5 4.2 5.8 0.5 10.5 12.2 15.1 6.4 8.8 1.8 11.7 5.9 6.1 2.0 7.6 3.2 8.9 0.3 7.2 0.1 7.8 0.3 12.1 0.9 8.0 3.6 9.6 1.0 14.9 2.6 6.4 2.1 6.5 1.8 8.1 16.2 6.5 1.2 18.3 68.5 8.2 14.5 8.1 17.0 10.8 100.0 8.6

Destination Australia Brunei Canada Chile China Hong Kong, China Indonesia Japan Malaysia Mexico New Zealand Papua New Guinea Peru Philippines Republic of Korea Russian Federation Singapore Chinese Taipei Thailand United States Vietnam Total APEC (b) European Union Other countries (c) (d) Total World

1989 27,077 774 93,599 2,909 42,017 60,183 10,262 126,973 17,994 29,081 5,658 1,305 1,044 9,187 44,130 na 36,195 36,333 17,999 321,745 526 884,980 240,109 152,657 1,277,745

2011 154,987 4,132 351,393 38,946 1,019,011 499,507 148,423 508,361 161,832 262,677 24,728 6,037 20,768 73,180 315,560 80,849 214,226 195,194 141,094 1,336,133 99,511 5,656,548 1,292,528 1,401,958 8,351,034

2012 167,376 4,349 366,256 43,504 1,048,157 555,795 160,101 512,424 172,351 281,040 25,625 7,359 22,687 78,254 308,054 91,080 221,255 184,232 154,935 1,396,827 107,764 5,909,423 1,215,928 1,425,275 8,550,626

Source Australia Brunei Canada Chile China Hong Kong, China Indonesia Japan Malaysia Mexico New Zealand Papua New Guinea Peru Philippines Republic of Korea Russian Federation Singapore Chinese Taipei Thailand United States Vietnam Total APEC (b) European Union Other countries (c) (d) Total World

1989 28,586 1,820 105,397 4,408 57,340 33,205 22,623 204,719 24,174 32,064 6,551 1,036 1,943 7,308 47,890 na 27,195 54,661 13,915 226,050 772 901,668 214,949 186,805 1,303,422

2011 224,479 11,634 382,434 55,468 1,297,540 42,403 167,253 684,988 241,438 315,362 27,350 6,766 27,171 64,671 414,767 124,081 180,722 313,872 171,286 851,972 67,078 5,672,734 1,152,423 1,892,111 8,717,268

2012 222,172 11,823 390,945 54,481 1,393,104 51,704 163,749 689,766 242,362 332,032 27,524 6,342 26,721 65,840 431,376 127,155 188,673 324,378 173,863 887,978 87,624 5,899,614 1,189,353 1,987,414 9,076,382

Refer to page 28 for footnotes. Sources: Global Trade Atlas; UN comtrade database; ABS trade data on DFAT STARS database (ABS catalogue 5368.0) and International Monetary Fund - International Financial Statistics.

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Footnotes for tables as listed

Table 11
(a) Includes all APEC members as at 2012, except the Russian Federation from 1989 to 1991. (b) Includes the Russian Federation from 1989 to 1991. (c) Trend growth has been calculated from 1992 to 2012 as the Russian Federation cannot be included under APEC for 1989 to 1991. PPP - Puchasing power parity in international dollars.

Table 12
(a) Goods on recorded trade basis, services trade on balance of payments basis. (b) Includes all APEC members as at 2012, except the Russian Federation from 1989 to 1991. (c) Includes the Russian Federation from 1989 to 1991. (d) Trend growth has been calculated from 1992 to 2012 as the Russian Federation cannot be included under APEC for 1989 to 1991.

Table 13
(a) Goods on recorded trade basis, services on a balance of payments basis. (b) Includes all APEC members as at 2012, except the Russian Federation from 1989 to 1991. (c) Includes the Russian Federation from 1989 to 1991. (d) f.o.b. basis. (e) Trend growth has been calculated from 1992 to 2012 as the Russian Federation cannot be included under APEC for 1989 to 1991. (f) Goods only for 1989 (services data not available) (g) Goods only for 2012 (services data not available)

Table 14
(a) Goods on recorded trade basis. (b) Includes all APEC members as at 2012, except the Russian Federation from 1989 to 1991. (c) Includes the Russian Federation from 1989 to 1991. (d) Includes confidential items of trade. (e) Trend growth has been calculated from 1992 to 2012 as the Russian Federation cannot be included under APEC for 1989 to 1991.

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Technical appendices

- 30 -

Appendix A Explanatory notes

Introduction
The APEC Region: Trade and Investment provides summary data on both Australia's trade and investment relationships with APEC members as well as APEC members trade with the world (including intra-regional trade). This publication is divided into three sections. Section 1 Australias trade and investment with APEC summarises Australia's bilateral relationships with the APEC region for the three year period between 2010 and 2012. It covers merchandise and services trade, as well as investment flows and stocks. Section 2 APEC statistical tables presents selected economic indicators, trade in goods and services and statistics on intra- and extra-regional trade from 1989, focussing mainly on shifts in both levels and market shares during the three year period between 2010 and 2012. Section 3 Technical appendices In Section 1, all values are presented in Australian dollar terms. In Section 2, all values are presented in US dollars unless otherwise specified.

APEC members
APEC has 21 members. The word 'economies' is used to describe APEC members because the APEC cooperative process is predominantly concerned with trade and economic issues, with members engaging with one another as economic entities. The list of members and dates of admission are given below: 6-7 November 1989: Australia; Brunei; Canada; Indonesia; Japan; Republic of Korea; Malaysia; New Zealand; Philippines; Singapore; Thailand; United States (incl Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Is.); 12-14 November 1991: Peoples Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; Chinese Taipei; 17-19 November 1993: Mexico; Papua New Guinea; 11-12 November 1994: Chile; and 14-15 November 1998: Peru, Russian Federation, Vietnam.

Although not members of APEC, Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands have been included in the APEC United States total as they are regarded by the United States as part of its customs zone. When the United States reports its total exports it includes exports from these two self governing territories. This change was made to make Australian and United States data more consistent.

Revisions to data
Statistics used in this publication are derived from a number of sources. International data are provided from: the Global Trade Atlas; UN comtrade database; IMF publications International Financial Statistics, Balance of Payments and Direction of Trade; Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) data on the DX database; and a range of country-specific publications. Please note: the latest years trade data in the IMF publication Direction of Trade is usually subject to significant revisions in subsequent issues. Australian trade data are derived by the ABS from information provided to the Australian Customs and Border Protection Service by exporters and importers. ABS editing procedures frequently lead to revisions of previously published trade data. Revisions may occur for up to six months after the period when data are first published. Figures in this publication contain all amendments made by the ABS to June 2013.

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Confidential data
Merchandise trade
To avoid divulging commercially-sensitive details of individual firms, the ABS restricts release of statistics on certain commodities. Such details are aggregated into a 'dump' item (code 988) in most tables. It is worth noting that commodities are frequently added to the confidential list, e.g. as sugar was in January 1998. In such cases the value shown for trade in aggregates containing these items will show a decrease there will be a corresponding increase in the confidential item. Significant confidential Australian export commodities to APEC economies included: Alumina (aluminium oxide); Cane sugar; Mineral sands; Natural gas; Nickel mattes; Nickel alloys unworked; and Uranium ores. Significant confidential imports from APEC economies included imports of Aircraft & parts. For more details regarding the impact of confidentiality on ABS merchandise trade statistics please refer to the DFAT publication Composition of Trade.

Services trade
To avoid divulging commercially-sensitive details of individual firms, the ABS restricts release of statistics on certain services activities. The ABS uses perturbation to confidentialise trade in services statistics. Using the perturbation methodology, the data will be perturbed, that is, have noise added to protect the confidential cells. For example, if a cell was deemed to be confidential the ABS would subtract a small amount from another cell or cells, to add to the confidential cell, to ensure that confidentiality was not breached. In most cases the level of perturbation is not significant and should have minimal impact on the analysis of trade in services data.

Commodity classification
Balance of payments
Australias Balance of Payments (BOP) statistics are compiled in accordance with the latest international standards determined by the International Monetary Fund, and published in Balance of Payments Manual, Sixth edition, 2008 (BPM6). The BOP basis can differ from a recorded trade basis in terms of coverage, valuation and timing. Goods and services trade are based on market price for both credit (export) and debit (import) entries. The timing of these transactions is based on change of ownership of the good or service between residents and the non-resident. However, in the case of goods the majority of goods trade is based on timing and valuation as recorded in Australian Customs statistics for practical purposes of data collection.

Balance of payments - services

Australia's BOP defines services as comprising services provided between Australian residents and non-residents, together with some transactions in goods where, by international agreement, it is not practical to separate the goods and services components (e.g. goods purchased by travellers are classified to services). Services delivered to non-residents through a foreign branch or subsidiary, for example, services rendered to an Asian company by a branch office of an Australian legal firm in Bangkok, are not defined as a BOP transaction. However, services delivered by a parent company to a foreign-resident subsidiary are defined as international services. Any profits or dividends remitted between an enterprise in Australia and a related enterprise abroad are regarded as an income transaction, not as a service in Australias BOP. Australias BOP statistics are compiled in accordance with the latest international standards determined by the International Monetary Fund, and published in Balance of Payments Manual, Sixth edition, 2008 (BPM6). The ABS Extended Balance of Payments services classification (EBOP) is based on the UN publication Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services. This is an extended services classification that is fully compatible with the BPM6. In this classification, services commodities are broken down into 12 major groups: Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others; Maintenance & repair; Transport; Travel; Construction; Insurance & pension; Financial; Charges for the use of intellectual property; Telecommunication, computer & information; Other

- 32 -

business; Personal, cultural & recreational; and Government services and around 60 detailed services commodities. In this publication the broad services category Other services includes: Construction; Insurance & pension; Financial; Charges for the use of intellectual property; Telecommunication, computer & information; Other business; Personal, cultural & recreational and Government services.

Recorded trade goods (merchandise trade)

The data on merchandise trade in this publication are measured on a recorded trade basis, based upon quantities and values of goods measured as they cross the Australian Customs frontier. These data can differ from data presented under the balance of payments basis in terms of coverage, valuation and timing. In this publication, trade is disaggregated by two classifications: the merchandise TRade Import and Export Classification (TRIEC); and the Standard International Trade Classification, Revision 4 (SITCr4). TRIEC was developed by the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade to group exports and imports according to their level of processing. The broad levels of the TRIEC are: Primary products; Manufacturesdivided into Simply transformed (STM) and Elaborately transformed; (ETM)and Other goods (mainly gold and confidential items). ETM are effectively defined as those products with unique features which permit their identification as differentiated products on world markets (i.e. finished goods) and comprise the major component of world manufactures trade. More detailed statistics of exports and imports classified by TRIEC are presented in our publication Trade in Primary and Manufactured Products. Data in this publication which have been classified according to SITCr4 are shown at the Group (3-digit) level. There are 270 categories at this level. In Section 1, Australian merchandise data are valued as follows: Exports: Valued at the free-on-board (f.o.b.) basis at the Australian port-of-shipment. Charges for distributive services provided beyond the customs frontier are not included (e.g. international freight and insurance charges). Valued at the Australian Customs Value for Australian data. This is based on the price actually paid, provided the buyer and seller are independent, on a f.o.b. basis, i.e. charges and expenses involved in delivering the goods from the place of exportation to Australia are excluded.

Imports:

Unless otherwise specified, international trade data in Section 2 present imports on a cost-insurance-freight (c.i.f.) basis, and exports on a free-on-board (f.o.b.) basis.

Country
For exports, country or economy refers to the final destination reported by exporters. It is understood, however, that exporters may not know the country or economy of final destination of their goods at the time they are shipped. This applies particularly to goods directed through entrepts such as Singapore, Hong Kong, and major European ports, with a consequent overstating of Australia's exports to these countries or economies and corresponding understatement of exports to countries "down stream" from them. For imports, 'country' refers to the country of origin of the goods, which is defined as the country of production for Customs purposes. The European Union comprises: Austria; Belgium; Bulgaria; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Estonia; Finland; France; Germany; Greece; Hungary; Ireland; Italy; Latvia; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Malta; Netherlands; Poland; Portugal; Romania; Slovak Republic; Slovenia; Spain; Sweden and the United Kingdom.

Intra-regional trade
Intra-regional trade is derived from the the Global Trade Atlas, the UN Comtrade database and the International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade. The value of exports to country A from country B will generally not be equal to the value of imports from country A to country B.

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This is due to the difficulties in reconciling trade statistics between countries. Major discrepancies often arise in the values recorded independently by the exporting and importing countries. This can be due to a number of reasons:

Valuation of transactions often varies. Australia, as noted previously, values both exports and imports on an f.o.b. basis. Many other countries include the cost of freight and insurance in the value of their imports, but not in the value of their exports; Exchange rates can vary daily and often fluctuate significantly during the year. In many cases, a third currency (often US dollars) may be used to denominate transactions. Where this occurs the import and export values of the same transaction may be converted back to domestic currencies at different times and at different exchange rates.

Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) GDP in international dollars

This measure is GDP converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity. An international dollar has the same purchasing power that the US dollar has in the United States at a given point in time. The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank favour this measure for accurate measurement of poverty and well-being; in effect, it substitutes global prices for local measured prices, thereby more accurately reflecting the real value of the good or service in question. It is used to make comparisons both between countries and over time.

Total trade
Total trade is the sum of exports and imports. This is a useful measurement of the overall trading relationship between Australia and its trading partners. Total trade data is useful in ranking Australias major trading partners, without a bias towards ranking only the larger export markets, or the larger import sources.

Balance of trade
The balance of trade is the difference between exports and imports. When exports exceed imports this is referred to as a trade surplus, when imports exceed exports this is referred to as a trade deficit.

Trend growth rates

Trend growth is derived by log-linear regression using the least squares method. It is a more robust measure than the average annual growth rate as it takes account of all observations and, as such, is less likely to be affected by the end points of a given period.

International investment position (IIP)

Australias IIP is a closely related set of statistics to BOP. IIP is a balance sheet of the stock of foreign financial assets and liabilities at a point in time. The IIP may be viewed more broadly as a reconciliation statement showing the levels of Australias international assets and liabilities at two points of time and the components of change namely flows and other changes (such as price changes, exchange rate movements and other adjustments). For more information concerning the definitions and classifications used by the ABS in the compilation of BOP and IIP statistics, please refer to the ABS publication Balance of Payments and International Investment Position, Australia, Concepts Sources and Methods 1998 (ABS catalogue 5331.0).

The publication was compiled mainly by Julie-Anne Andrew. If you want to know more about these statistics or about other trade and economic publications produced by DFAT, please email statssection@dfat.gov.au.

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Appendix B Abbreviations and symbols used in all DFAT trade statistical publications
.. $b $m ABARES ABS adp agric AHECC alum ANZSIC06 APEC bev BOP BPM5 BPM6 BREE chem c.i.f. comp conc confid constr consump cont. cool Curr Acc CVM Dem DFAT distrib EBOP elec elem ELICOS eng equip etc ETM EU excl f.c.f. Fed ferr FISIM f.o.b. GDP not meaningful $ billion $ million Australian Bureau of Agricultural & Resource Economics & Sciences Australian Bureau of Statistics automatic data processing agricultural Australian Harmonized Export Commodity Classification aluminium Australia and New Zealand Standard Industry Classification 2006 Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation beverage Balance of Payments IMF Balance of Payments Manual 5th Edition 6th Edition Bureau of Resources & Energy Economics chemical cost, insurance and freight compounds concentrates confidential construction consumption continued cooling Current Account chain volume measure Democratic Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade distributing The ABS Extended Balance of Payments services classification electric, electrical elements English Language Intensive Courses for Overseas Students engineering equipment etcetera Elaborately transformed manufactures European Union excluding fresh, chilled or frozen Federation ferrous Financial Intermediation Services Indirectly Measured free on board Gross Domestic Product

- 35 hand HTISC HS ICT IIP IIS (ABS) IMF IMF IFS IMF WEO incl Ind IP Is instr insul interm Intl Waters IPD IVS mach manuf medic misc mmf MSITS na ncd nec nei nfd nie nes np Nth nya OECD pharm photo PPP prec prep pres proc prod Rep SAR of China SITC SITS spec Sth STM struct handling Harmonized Tariff Item Statistical Code Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System Information, Communication and Technology International Investment Position international Investment Survey International Monetary Fund International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook including Independent Intellectual property Island/s instruments insulated intermediate International Waters implicit price deflator International Visitors Survey machinery, machines manufactured, manufactures medicaments miscellaneous man-made fibres Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services not available no country details not elsewhere classified not elsewhere indicated not further defined not indicated elsewhere not elsewhere specified not published North not yet available Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development pharmaceutical photographic Purchasing Power Parity precious preparations, prepared preserved processing products Republic Special Administrative Region of China Standard International Trade Classification Survey of International Trade in Services specifically South Simply transformed manufactures structures

- 36 synth TCI telecom TREC TRIEC transport TSA TWI UN UNCTAD unmanuf USDA veg WTO yoy synthetic Telecommunications, computer & information telecommunications Trade Export Classification Trade Import and Export Classification transportation Tourism Satellite Account Trade Weighted Index United Nations United Nations Conference on Trade and Development unmanufactured United States Department of Agriculture vegetables World Trade Organization year on year

THE APEC REGION TRADE AND INVESTMENT