Windows Linux - GNOME

Debian Linux 7 wheezy

(Ian HoEmail: ianian1979@gmail.com) 2013.10

"
"

"
" CC
Windows Linux - GNOME
CC --
3.0
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/b
y-nc-nd/3.0/tw/


01.+
02.+
03. Linux
04.Linux
05. Debian Linux 7 wheezy
06.GRUB
07.GNOME (GDMGNOME Display Manager)
08.GNOME
09.GNOME
10.Synaptic
11. Debian Install CD USB
12. Nautilus GNOME Commander
13. root
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.GParted
22.dconf EditorGKDebconf
23.
24.
25.FTP Client

26.
27.(/)
28.
29.CD/DVD
30. 32 Wine
31.
32.
33./
34. VirtualBox
35.
36.
37.RAM disk
38.Cairo-Dock
39.manual pages
40.Java Runtime Environment(JRE)
41.
42.

01.+
Doris Sinny Even
Alice Zoey Steven
Victor Yi-Fang Vivien CECI IIIedu
Michael David

Linux

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Zoey
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02.+
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MsDOS/MsWindows
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Debian

/ 2013 10

03. Linux
Linus Benedict Torvalds 1991
Linux

UNIX Linux
DOS DOS

Linus GNU GPL

Linux ""

Linux Linux
(shell)

Linux

Linux linux

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linux Debian Linux 7
( Debian ) linux
linux
Debian Linux
linux

GNOME Debian Linux

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http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Linux
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Linux
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Linux
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/GNU
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Unix_shell
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Bash
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Debian
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/GNOME
Linux
http://www.kernel.org/
Linux
http://www.linuxfoundation.org/
DistroWatch.com: Put the fun back into computing. Use Linux,
BSD.
http://distrowatch.com/table.php?distribution=debian
Debian -- :
http://www.debian.org/index.zh-tw.html
Debian -- Debian:
http://www.debian.org/intro/about.zh-tw.html
GNOME
http://www.gnome.org

04.Linux
Debian Linux 7 ""

"
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2001 Linux
Caldera OpenLinux & Linpus Linux

Linux
MsWindows

2013

Linux
linux
linux ""

64 PC
CPUIntel Core 2 Duo E6300 1.86GHz (64bit)
8GB
GIGABYTE GA-965P-DQ6
Intel P965
Intel ICH8R
Marvell 8053
Realtek ALC888DD
NVIDIA GeForce 7600GS 256MB VRAM
2ATI Radeon HD 5450 2GB VRAM
IDE 30GB
MsWindows MsWindows

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MsWindows
MsWindows
MsWindows
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Linux Debian
Linux Debian
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 Debian Linux ""

2013
Linux Hardware Compatibility HOWTO Linux
2007 LinuxQuestions.org
HCL Linux-drivers.org

LINUX ALLOCATED DEVICES""

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Linux 2013 kernel
Debian Linux 7
ATI radeon 7000
RV100QY
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Linux Linux
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HOWTO Linux kernel
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Linux kernel

Xorg SANE ALSA

Linux
Linux kernel Linux kernel
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Linux kernel ( debian-7.0.0amd64-DVD-1.iso debian-7.1.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso )
ATI radeon 7000RV100QY

*PCI*.*IDS* The PCI ID Repository

LINUX ""PCI
*PCI*.*IDS*
LINUX kernel PCI

"hwdata"/usr/share/hwdata/

*PCI*.*IDS* Linux

Linux
x86-64 Linux
PowerPC debian7.0.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso debian-7.1.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso "
"
Linux Linux

CPU

1394A/B USB
debian-7.0.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso

debian-7.0.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso Linux Linux 3.2.04-amd64 www.kernel.org linux-3.2.tar.XXX

(
)
linux /linux-3.2/arch/x86/
"CPU "
/linux-3.2/arch/x86/Kconfig
/linux-3.2/arch/x86/Kconfig.cpu
linux (
ISAPCIAGPPCI-XPCI-EPATASATA )
/linux-3.2/include/linux/pci_ids.h Debian 7
"pciutils"/usr/share/misc/pci.ids
linux
/linux-3.2/drivers/video/aty/ati_ids.h
/linux-3.2/include/drm/drm_pciids.h
linux
/linux-3.2/sound/ kconfig
linux
/linux-3.2/drivers/net/ethernet/ kconfig
Debian ISO
/pool/main/h/hw-

detect/ethdetect_X.XX_all/data.tar/etc/network/devnames-static
devnames-static

linux ""
()
Linux

Linux X.Org

Linux X.Org
http://www.x.org/wiki/
MsWindows/MacOSX

X.Org
X.Org

Debian 7 /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/
()
/etc/X11/xorg.conf Debian 7 xorg.conf
recovery mode
root
Xorg -configure xorg.conf "
" root xorg.conf.new
xorg.conf
/etc/X11/
xorg.conf
xorg.conf log
xorg.conf

3D
3D "armagetronad"
Debian 7 "xserver-xorg-video-nouveau" NVIDIA
"xserver-xorg-video-radeon"
ATI Radeon

"xserver-xorg-video-radeon"
"firmware-linux-nonfree" radeon rXXXfamily XX microcode
xserver-xorg-video-

xorg.conf xorg.conf
NVIDIA NVIDIA
Debian7 304.88 (
"NVIDIA" NVIDIA
)""""nvidiasminvidia-kernel-3.2.0-4-amd64nvidia-xconfignvidia-detect

root
nvidia-xconfignvidia-xconfig
xorg.conf GNOME \\
\\NVIDIA X
xorg.conf
ATI ATI fglrx 12-6

Radeon HD 5450
GNOME Classic
GNOME 3 "firmware-linux-nonfree"
GNOME 3
ATI Radeon HD "fglrx" fglrxcontrolfglrx-glxfglrx-sourceamd-opencl-icdxvba-va-driver
AMD64
"fglrx-glx-ia32"""
aticonfig
--initial /etc/X11/xorg.conf
/etc/X11/xorg.conf
ATI
/etc/X11/xorg.conf aticonfig initial
/etc/X11/xorg.conf GNOME \\\
\ATI Catalyst Control Center
firmware

Linux "Synaptic "

"gutenprint""openprinting"

1.cups-driver-gutenprint
2.gimp-gutenprint

3.gutenprint-doc
4.foomatic-db-gutenprint
5.foomatic-db
6.openprint-ppds
7.openprint-ppds-extra
"foomatic-db" Linux
/usr/share/foomatic/db/oldprinterids
/usr/share/foomatic/db/source/printer/.xml

Linux
Linux "Synaptic "
"sane""sane-utils"

"simple-Scan"( GNOME \\\)

"XSane" Linux
"xkb-data"
/usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/base.lst 170

"hwdata"
/usr/share/hwdata/MonitorsDB 5600

Linux USB
/linux-3.2/drivers/hid/hid-ids.hUSB
"usbutils"
/usr/share/hwdata/usb.ids/var/lib/usbutils/usb.ids
"Synaptic """
""""

""

 ATI Radeon 9200SE Xorg

ATI Radeon 9200SE Xorg 2

 ATI Radeon 9200SE Xorg+firmware

ATI Radeon 9200SE Xorg+firmware

2

 ATI Radeon HD 5450 Xorg

ATI Radeon HD 5450 Xorg 2

 ATI Radeon HD 5450 Xorg+firmware

ATI Radeon HD 5450 Xorg+firmware

2

 ATI Radeon HD 5450 ATI

ATI Radeon HD 5450 ATI 2

 ATI

ATI

 NVIDIA GeForce 7600GS Xorg

NVIDIA GeForce 7600GS Xorg

2

 NVIDIA GeForce 7600GS NVIDIA

NVIDIA GeForce 7600GS NVIDIA

2

 NVIDIA

 NVIDIA 2

 NVIDIA

NVIDIA 2

Hardware - Debian Wiki:

http://wiki.debian.org/Hardware
Linux Hardware Compatibility HOWTO
http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/html_single/Hardware-HOWTO/
2007
LinuxQuestions.org HCL

http://www.linuxquestions.org/hcl/index.php
Linux-drivers.org Linux Hardware Compatibility Lists & Linux
Drivers
http://www.linux-drivers.org/
LINUX ALLOCATED DEVICES (2.6+ version)
https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/lanana/devicelist/devices-2.6.txt
Device file
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_file
The PCI ID Repository
http://pciids.sourceforge.net/
Chapter 2. What's new in Debian 7.0
http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/amd64/release-notes/chwhats-new.en.html
HowToIdentifyADevice - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/HowToIdentifyADevice
Hardware - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/Hardware?
action=show&redirect=CategoryHardware
LKDDb: Linux Kernel Driver DataBase
http://cateee.net/lkddb/
Linux
Category:Lists of microprocessors - Wikipedia, the free
encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Lists_of_microprocessors

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Intel_chipsets
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_AMD_chipsets
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Nvidia_chipsets
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_ATI_chipsets
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VIA_chipsets

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Video_cards
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_NVIDIA_graphics_proce
ssing_units
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_AMD_graphics_processi
ng_units
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_Integrated_Systems
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S3_Graphics
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3dfx_Interactive
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_GMA
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Graphics_hardware_companies


http://www.alsa-project.org/main/index.php/Matrix:Main
http://alsa.opensrc.org/Sound_cards
http://alsa.opensrc.org/ALSA_modules
SoundCard - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/SoundCard

Documentation for the X Window System Version 11 Release 7.7

(X11R7.7)
http://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.7/doc/
X11R7.7 Manual Pages: Section 4: Drivers
http://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.7/doc/man/man4/
http://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.7/doc/xorgdocs/ReleaseNotes.html

Xorg - Debian Wiki:

http://wiki.debian.org/Xorg
xorg.conf
http://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.7/doc/man/man5/xorg.conf.5.xhtml
Nouveau: Accelerated Open Source driver for nVidia cards
http://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/
nouveau/CodeNames
http://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/CodeNames/
nouveau/FeatureMatrix
http://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/FeatureMatrix/
NVIDIA DRIVERS 304.88Certified
http://www.nvidia.com.tw/object/linux-display-amd64-304.88driver-tw.html
NvidiaGraphicsDrivers - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/NvidiaGraphicsDrivers
NVIDIA - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/NVIDIA
Unofficial Wiki for the AMD Linux Driver
http://wiki.cchtml.com/index.php/Debian
ATIProprietary - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/ATIProprietary
AtiHowTo - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/AtiHowTo
AMD Catalyst - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMD_Catalyst

AMD Radeon - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/AMD_Radeon
AMD - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/AMD
ATI - ArchWiki:
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/ATI
X.Org Wiki - RadeonFeature:
http://wiki.x.org/wiki/RadeonFeature
X.Org Wiki - RadeonFeatureUMS:
http://wiki.x.org/wiki/RadeonFeatureUMS
ATIRadeon:
http://dri.freedesktop.org/wiki/ATIRadeon/
RADEON9000ProMacEdUserGuide.pdf
http://www2.ati.com/manuals/RADEON9000ProMacEdUserGuide.pdf
Radeon-9000PRO-manual.pdf
http://www.orpheuscomputing.com/downloads/Radeon-9000PROmanual.pdf
Additional options for the radeon driver - ThinkWiki
http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/Additional_options_for_the_radeon_
driver
linux
http://www.openprinting.org/drivers
http://www.openprinting.org/printers?action=searchall
http://www.linuxfoundation.org/collaborate/workgroups/openprinti
ng/databasefoomatic
linux
http://www.sane-project.org/
http://www.sane-project.org/sane-mfgs.html
DeviceDatabase/USB - Debian Wiki
http://wiki.debian.org/DeviceDatabase/USB
linux USB
http://www.linux-usb.org/
The USB ID Repository
The home of the usb.ids file
http://www.linux-usb.org/usb-ids.html
penguinppc.org
the home of the linux/ppc port
http://penguinppc.org/
xorg.conf files | Linux on your Apple Mac | iLinux
http://mac.linux.be/content/xorgconf-files

Debian GNU/Linux Installation Guide

Chapter 2. System Requirements
http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/ch02.html.en
3.4. Meeting Minimum Hardware Requirements
http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/ch03s04.html.en

05. Debian Linux 7 wheezy

( debian-7.0.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso debian-7.1.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso)

(ADSLCable Modem
) DHCP
IP Debian Linux
(DebianInstaller) DHCP IP

7.X.X

PPPoE
PPPoE

BIOS

EFI&UEFI PC PC BIOS

"Advanced options"

"Help"

"Help"

"Graphical expert install"

"GNOME"
"Alternative desktop environments"

 KDELXDEXfce

"Graphical expert install"

Choose language

"()"
Select a language

""""
PNG/var/log/installer
1GB ""

" - zh_TW.UTF-8"
locales locale


""locale
locales locale

""""
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PPPoE "ppp-udeb"


/
"Synaptic
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"ppp-udeb"
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ISP


ISP

""

""

""


IP

""

 root
root

""

""

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NTP


"time.stdtime.gov.tw"
NTP

 linux
linux

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linux

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 PC BIOS "msdos"


Windows "C:\"linux
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)"

""

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""""

"Ext4 "

"/-root "

 swap()

swap () Windows
pagefile.sys

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 linux-image-3.2.0-4-amd64
kernel

 i386
CPU 586 linux-image-3.2.0-4-686-pae
kernel

""
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USB

initrd

 debian-7.0.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso
""
CD DVD

""


Debian

Debian


HTTP Proxy

""
non-free

""""

""
popularity-contest

Debian Linux

"Debian desktop environment""

""Laptop"

 VirtualBox
virtualbox-ose-guest-x11
VirtualBox
"Synaptic " VirtualBox

discover


GRUB

""
GRUB (MBR)

""
UTC

 BIOS


debconf


""
"Graphical expert install"
""
debconf


shell

shell

 BIOS

- :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/
Linux | T - :
http://www.techbang.com/posts/6153-fully-understand-linuxdistribution-before-irrigation-how-to-drive
DebianInstaller - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/DebianInstaller

06.GRUB
GRUB PC BIOS
"recovery mode"

linux
DOS
GRUB debian linux
Xorg

"recovery mode"
(nano)

"Debian GNU/Linux, with Linux 3.2.0-4-amd64"

"e" linux /boot/ ...
ro quiet nomodeset
/etc/default/grub
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet nomodeset" grub
update-grub
nomodeset

GRUB

GRUB

GNU GRUB - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/GNU_GRUB
GNU GRUB - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF):
http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/
GRUB 2 - Ubuntu Wiki:
http://wiki.ubuntu-tw.org/index.php?title=GRUB_2_
Unix - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Unix
Kernel Command Line Parameters (aka Boot Options)
http://distro.ibiblio.org/fatdog/web/faqs/boot-options.html

07.GNOME (GDMGNOME Display Manager)

GNOME "GNOME (GDMGNOME
Display Manager)"
"GNOME" GNOME
"GNOME Classic" GNOME GNOME

GNOME

"GNOME Classic"

GDM

GNOME - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/GNOME
GNOME Display Manager Reference Manual
https://help.gnome.org/admin/gdm/3.4/gdm.html.en

08.GNOME
GNOME(GNOME 3)
"""""""
"

dock ""

3D
GNOME 3 GNOME Classic
GNOME Classic(GNOME 2)
GNOME Classic (GNOME 2) Windows2000

()
() Alt+
"""(
)" Control+
""

GNOME Classic (GNOME 2) 1

GNOME Classic (GNOME 2) 2

GNOME(GNOME 3) 1

GNOME(GNOME 3) 2


GNOME - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/GNOME
GNOME 3 | GNOME:
http://www.gnome.org/gnome-3/
GNOME Library:
https://help.gnome.org/
GNOME 3.4
https://help.gnome.org/misc/release-notes/3.4/index.html.zh_TW
GNOME 3.8
https://help.gnome.org/misc/release-notes/3.8/index.html.zh_TW
Chapter 2. What's new in Debian 7.0
2.2.10. GNOME 3
http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/release-notes/chwhats-new.en.html#idp359568
FrontPage - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/FrontPage
GNOME3Myths - GNOME Wiki!:
My computer and/or graphics card isn't powerful enough to run
GNOME 3
https://wiki.gnome.org/GNOME3Myths#My_computer_and.2BAC8or_graphics_card_isn.27t_powerful_enough_to_run_GNOME_3
GnomeShell/FAQ - GNOME Wiki!:
What led to the decision to make 3D acceleration a requirement
for GNOME Shell?
https://wiki.gnome.org/GnomeShell/FAQ#What_led_to_the_decision_t
o_make_3D_acceleration_a_requirement_for_GNOME_Shell.3F
home - h-node.org:
http://h-node.org/home/index/en
GNOME Panel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Panel
Funsurf - Do we really need Gnome 2 Forks?:
http://funsurf-blog.blogspot.com/2011/08/do-we-really-needgnome-2-forks.html

09.GNOME
GNOME
GTK+ GTK+
GTK+

GTK+ GNOME

GTK+ GNOME Qt KDE

KDE Qt
Calligra Suite Qt
KDE Qt+KDE+Calligra
Suite

"""" Linux """

""""""""""""""
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gnome

GTK+ - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/GTK+
GTK+ Screenshots:
http://www.gtk.org/screenshots/index.php
Qt - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Qt

10.Synaptic
GNOME \\\\Synaptic
Debian7GNOME
Linux
()"Synaptic "
Linux
""

Synaptic

Synaptic

debian
(*.deb) Debian

 testingstableoldstable
()testingstableoldstable

experimental
unstable
testing-updates
testing-proposed-updates
testing/updates ( testing )
testing-backports ( testing )( testing
jessiedebian )
testing
stable-updates
stable-proposed-updates
stable/updates ( stable )
stable-backports ( stable )( stable
wheezy)
stable
oldstable-updates
oldstable-proposed-updates
oldstable/updates ( oldstable )
oldstable-backports ( oldstable )(
oldstable squeeze)
oldstable
Debian testingstableoldstable

Synaptic
Synaptic

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/etc/apt/sources.list/etc/apt/sources.list
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deb http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main non-free
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()
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deb-src http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main non-free
contrib #Added by software-properties

\Other Software

CD-ROM(DVD-ROM)backports

CD-ROM(DVD-ROM) debian7.0.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso
debian-update-7.1.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso
Update DVD iso/
"Synaptic \\"
"Synaptic \\\Other Software\Add Volume"
/etc/apt/sources.list APT
deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 7.1.0 Update DVD 20130616: amd64 DVD
1]/ wheezy contrib main non-free
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debian /.disk/info

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deb http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian wheezy-backports main

# deb-src http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian wheezy-backports main

Debian stable linux
() backports APT

Stable
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backports.debian.org APT
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www.deb-multimedia.org ""
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deb-multimedia APT Synaptic
deb-multimedia

Security updates (wheezy/updates)/etc/apt/sources.list

APT
deb http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main contrib nonfree
deb-src http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main contrib
non-free #Added by software-properties
(wheezy-updates)/etc/apt/sources.list
APT
deb http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-updates main contrib
non-free
deb-src http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-updates main
contrib non-free #Added by software-properties
Proposed updates (wheezy-proposed-updates)
/etc/apt/sources.list APT
deb http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-proposed-updates
non-free contrib main
deb-src http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-proposed-updates
non-free contrib main #Added by software-properties
notify me of a new Ubuntu version:
( bug)

APT ""

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# deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 7.0.0 _Wheezy_ - Official amd64
DVD Binary-1 20130504-14:44]/ wheezy contrib main
deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 7.1.0 Update DVD 20130616: amd64 DVD
1]/ wheezy contrib main non-free
# wheezy-updates, previously known as 'volatile'
deb http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main non-free
contrib
deb http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main non-free
contrib
deb http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-updates main nonfree contrib
deb http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-proposed-updates
non-free contrib main
deb http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian wheezy-backports main
# deb-src http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian wheezy-backports main
deb http://www.deb-multimedia.org wheezy main non-free
# deb-src http://www.deb-multimedia.org wheezy main non-free
/etc/apt/sources.list stable
testingunstableexperimental

sources.list
stable testing
unstable experimental
unstable experimental
testing

 Debian (
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Synaptic

Synaptic

apt

GNOME \\\GDebi ()
*.deb
*.deb
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GNOME
Synaptic
GNOME \\\

GNOME \\\\()
\""(
)\ APT
debian-testing-amd64-DVD-1.iso
testing(amd64)+gnome /etc/apt/sources.list

# deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Jessie_ - Official

Snapshot amd64 DVD Binary-1 20130701-05:28]/ jessie main contrib
deb http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ jessie contrib non-free
main
# deb-src http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ jessie contrib nonfree main
deb http://security.debian.org/ jessie/updates contrib non-free
main
# deb-src http://security.debian.org/ jessie/updates contrib
non-free main
deb http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ jessie-proposed-updates
contrib non-free main
(unstable)
deb http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ sid main contrib non-free
(experimental)
deb http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ experimental non-free
contrib main

 unstable/experimentalSynaptic \\
\\()\"
unstable/experimental"
""""
""""""
GNOME"""gnome-core""
""""gnome-core"
APT
GNOME

unstable experimental debian

debian-6.0.7-amd64-DVD-1.iso
oldstable(amd64)+gnome /etc/apt/sources.list

# deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 6.0.7 _Squeeze_ - Official amd64

DVD Binary-1 20130223-14:06]/ squeeze contrib main
deb http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ squeeze main non-free
contrib
deb http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates main contrib
non-free
deb http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ squeeze-updates main
contrib non-free
deb http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ squeeze-proposed-updates
non-free contrib main
# deb-src http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ squeeze-updates main
contrib non-free
deb http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian-backports squeeze-backports
main
deb http://www.deb-multimedia.org squeeze main
Synaptic
GNOMELibreOfficeVLC

LibreOffice LibreOffice
LibreOffice
LibreOffice LibreOffice

""
()""
dummymetatransitional packages

Synaptic

GNOME

Debian

Synaptic
PowerPC Debian
Synaptic NvidiaATI ""
""
Debian 7

log

stable
"" wheezy-backports

Backports - Debian Wiki wheezy-backports

maincontribnon-free wheezy-backports
main Backports - Debian Wiki
(wheezy-backports
)

()1

()2

Debian-package-cycle - Wikimedia Commons:

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Debian-package-cycle.png
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Debian_package_cycle.svg
Debian -- Debian :()
http://www.debian.org/releases/index.zh-tw.html
()
http://ftp.debian.org/debian/dists/README
Release
Synaptic \\\Other Software\\

http://ftp.debian.org/debian/dists/
DebianReleases - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/DebianReleases
DebianExperimental - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/DebianExperimental
DebianUnstable - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/DebianUnstable
DebianTesting - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/DebianTesting
Debian testing security team
http://secure-testing-master.debian.net/

StableUpdates - Debian Wiki:

http://wiki.debian.org/StableUpdates
StableProposedUpdates - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/StableProposedUpdates
DebianStable - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/DebianStable
DebianReleases/PointReleases - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/DebianReleases/PointReleases
Debian -- :
http://www.debian.org/security/index.zh-tw.html
Backports - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/Backports
Debian Backports Instructions()
http://backports.debian.org/Instructions/
Index of /debian-backports/dists
http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports/dists/
DebianOldStable - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/DebianOldStable
Glossary - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/Glossary
Chapter 2. Debian package management
http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch02.en.html
Debian -- The "proposed-updates" mechanism:
http://www.debian.org/releases/proposed-updates
Index of /oldstable
http://release.debian.org/oldstable/
Debian -- :
http://www.debian.org/distrib/packages.zh-tw.html
Debian CDs/DVDs
http://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/
Debian CDs/DVDs archive ( CD)
http://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/archive/
Weekly build (testing CD)
http://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/weekly-builds/

http://hyperrate.com/thread.php?tid=26706

Package management system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Package_management_system
Deb Multimedia Packages::Home:
http://www.deb-multimedia.org/
deb - :
https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Deb
- :
https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/
gnome-packagekit Manual (gpk-application/GNOME )
https://help.gnome.org/users/gnomepackagekit/stable/index.html.en
Debian : Debian :
http://people.debian.org.tw/~moto/debian/DebianLessPain/DebianInstall-Guide-5.html

11. Debian Install CD USB

debian-7.1.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso
Debian7GNOME
USB GNOME \
\\ USB
""USB """"
"""" USB unmount
USB "/dev/sdX"(
"/dev/sdb")
root
# cp debian-7.1.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso /dev/sdb ()
# sync
USB DVD-ROM
USB PC BIOS
i386 ISO
ISO AMD64 ISO
ISO 1MB FAT

4.3. Preparing Files for USB Memory Stick Booting

http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/ch04s03.html.en

12. Nautilus GNOME Commander

Nautilus GNOME
Nautilus \\""
""

alt
""""""
GNOME \\\\
\\Have file manager handle the desktop
"nautilus-share"
""
"nautilus-scripts-manager"
Nautilus scripts Nautilus scripts
"\\ "/usr/share/nautilusscripts/ GNOME \\\\
Nautilus scripts manager Nautilus
\ scripts
Nautilus scripts /home/ /.gnome2/nautilusscripts/
Nautilus Synaptic
"gksu"/usr/bin/gksu

nautilus root root

Nautilus gedit

""\\\
""

GNOME Commander


Nautilus

Nautilus\

Nautilus scripts manager

gksu

GNOME Commander


Linux -- Linux :
http://linux.vbird.org/linux_basic/0210filepermission.php
""
Nautilus - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Nautilus
GNOME Commander - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Commander
File manager - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_manager

13. root
Debian7GNOME (GDM GNOME
Display Manager) root root

/etc/pam.d/gdm3
/etc/pam.d/gdm3-autologin

auth required pam_succeed_if.so user != root quied_success

# root GDM

root
root

:
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/

14.
" "
192.168.1.0~192.168.1.255
Debian7GNOME Samba clientgvfs(backends)Nautilus ""
Server Message Block (SMB)/Common Internet File System (CIFS)
Apple
Filing
Protocol
(AFP) Secret
File
Transfer
Protocol(SFTP SSH File Transfer Protocol) Web Distributed
Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV)

Nautilus

SMB/CIFSAFPSFTP
Nautilus (
)Nautilus \\

"gnome-system-tools"

/usr/bin/network-admin

/usr/bin/services-admin
/usr/bin/shares-admin

/usr/bin/time-admin

/usr/bin/users-admin

GNOME \\\\
"(shares-admin)" GNOME \\
\\
Debian7GNOME client Nautilus
server
server
GNOME \\\\ WebDAV
apache"/home///""Nautilus/home/
//""" GNOME \\
\\ Debian7GNOME/Nautilus/
//("""")
GNOME \\\\\\Unix
(NFS)
NFS Server
"NFS-LAN" Nautilus plugin Ubuntu
"NFS-LAN" NFS Server/Client
Nautilus "Share
this folder through NFS"""

"Webmin"

 Linux "Webmin"
Linux

"Webmin" NFS Server "NFS Exports"

Webmin
Webmin NFS /etc/exports
Debian7GNOME NFS Client "NFSLAN"/etc/auto.master #/net -hosts
# autofs
Nautilus /net ""
Computer name or ip NFS Server IP
NFS Server
GNOME \ \ \ \ \ \
"Unix (NFS)" "samba" "Windows
(SMB)" Windows "Windows
(SMB)" Windows/MacOSX
"gadmin-samba" samba
/etc/samba/smb.conf

Debian7 gedit
smb.conf gadmin-samba smb.conf
"Nautilus\"
gadmin

"GShare"(Easy user-level file

sharing for GNOME) FTP Server
GNOME \\\\File Sharing(gshare-manager)
File sharing preferences()GShare
\Shared Files\
Debian7GNOME Nautilus \ GShare

Linux Client Shared Files

File sharing preferences Share name
(
":")

Windows NTFS SMB/CIFS MacOSX Finder HFS+

AFPLinux Debian7GNOME Nautilus Ext4 NFS Linux

Windows/MacOSX (

":")
Linux SMB/CIFSAFP
Windows /MacOSX Finder
gnome
"NetworkManager """"
"
/etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
managed=false false true/etc/Network/interfaces
iface eth0 inet dhcp#
"NetworkManager "
GNOME \\\\\\
\GNOME \\\\\
\GNOME \\\\\\\
\\\
NetworkManager \""\\\

GNOME \\\\\\"" host

name
GNOME \\\\
""


( Linux )
// Nautilus

( Linux )
// Nautilus 2

WebDAV ""Server

"/home///" WebDAV

""

 NFS

SMB/CIFS

SMB/CIFS""
"WORKGROUP"

NFS-LAN

NFS-LAN

Webmin

Webmin 1

Webmin 2

Webmin 3

Webmin 4

GAdmin-SAMBA

File Sharing(gshare-manager)File sharing preferences(

)

- :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/
Finder - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Finder
NTFS - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/NTFS
HFS+ - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/HFS+

Ext4 - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Ext4
- :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/
Apple Filing Protocol - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Filing_Protocol
SSH - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/SSH
- :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/
WebDAV - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/WebDAV
Welcome to the GAdmintools Project
http://dalalven.dtdns.net/linux/gadmintools-webpage/
NetworkManager - Debian Wiki:
http://wiki.debian.org/NetworkManager
networking - network manager says "device not managed" - Ask
Ubuntu:
http://askubuntu.com/questions/71159/network-manager-saysdevice-not-managed
NetworkManager/SystemSettings - GNOME Wiki!:
https://wiki.gnome.org/NetworkManager/SystemSettings
NetworkManager - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetworkManager
How to Quickly Setup Nfs Server and Client on Ubuntu ( Karmic )
http://www.wikihow.com/Quickly-Setup-Nfs-Server-and-Client-onUbuntu-(-Karmic-)
NFSv4Howto - Community Ubuntu Documentation:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NFSv4Howto
SettingUpNFSHowTo - Community Ubuntu Documentation:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SettingUpNFSHowTo
NFS-LAN - plugin for Nautilus file manager (GNOME environment
default file manager), that allows to share and browse NFS
network (NFS - Network File System).
http://nfs-lan.sevka.info/
Webmin:
http://www.webmin.com/

15.
GNOME \\\\ GNOME \
()\

""

( GKDebconf\locales )
""

""

""
Wacom
libwacom-commonxserver-xorg-input-wacom
/usr/share/libwacom/*.tablet gedit
*.tablet /lib/udev/rules.d/69-xserver-xorginput-wacom.rules

UE-PA15CC(USB to Parallel) Kyocera FS1000(Parallel ) Debian7GNOME

PDF
"cups-pdf"
PDF
"\"""
"\"""
\
"gnome-user-guide"""
GNOME \\\
\Desktop
Help\Hardware
Drivers\Keyboard\Set
keyboard
shortcuts
"\" Ctrl+Alt+Delete ""
""

\""\gnome-system-monitor
Ctrl+Alt+Menu"Menu" Windows PC 104key

Windows PC 104key
Linux Super key

linux

""

"gnome-alsamixer"(GNOME ALSA )

gnome-alsamixer
gnome-alsamixer GNOME \\\GNOME ALSA
Mixer

GNOME3 ()

()
aticonfignvidia-xconfig xorg.conf
(24bit) xorg.conf
Xorg
Xorg

//

""

\\
\Text scaling factor 0.81.01.21.5
""""

"Antler "
GNOME bug
bug


\
(GNOME 3)
(GNOME Classic)

Wacom

CUPS-PDF

\ 1

\ 2

\ 3

\ 4

GNOME ALSA


Modifier key - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modifier_key
Super key (keyboard button) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_key_(keyboard_button)
Windows - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Windows
Menu key - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menu_key
IBM PC keyboard - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_PC_keyboard
- :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/

16.
GNOME \\\\
GNOME3
GNOME3 "\shell
\User Themes """"\\Shell theme"

GNOME Classic "Shell """ GNOME3

extensions.gnome.org
Shell
"\"\
\Text scaling factor GNOME
" DPI"
96DPI Text scaling factor 1.0 96DPI
Text scaling factor
120DPI 120 96 1.25 Text scaling
factor 1.25
"\\Hinting" Full
"\"
\\
icon theme"gnome-colors"
gnome icon theme
GNOME Shell
""\\\GNOME Shell Extension Preferences
GNOME3"Shell "


\Shell

\Shell 1

\Shell 2

GNOME \\\GNOME Shell Extension Preferences

GNOME Shell Extensions:

https://extensions.gnome.org/
Xorg/Gnome 3 on high DPI screens:
http://robswain.tumblr.com/post/14209540835/xorg-gnome-3-onhigh-dpi-screens
gnome - How do I change the font DPI settings? - Ask Ubuntu:
http://askubuntu.com/questions/60044/how-do-i-change-the-fontdpi-settings
[SOLVED] Gnome 3 and DPI (Page 1) / Applications & Desktop
Environments / Arch Linux Forums:
https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=120939
Talk:GNOME - ArchWiki:
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Talk:GNOME
Xorg - ArchWiki:
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Xorg#Display_Size_and_DPI

17.

Debian7GNOME
Synaptic """"
/usr/share/fonts/
Synaptic

Debian7GNOME
""
/home//.fonts/

Debian7GNOME
Synaptic "Font
Manager"(font management application for the GNOME desktop
)
"Font Manager""Font Manager"

"Font Manager""fontmatrix"

"Unicode (
"""") for OpenOffice.org"
Apache OpenOffice Calc ODS
Unicode6.2 block Debian7

Unicode6.2
90% Debian7GNOME

Debian7GNOME

Debian7GNOME
"scim""scim"""(Chewing)
Synaptic "scim"
scim
scim "scimmodules-table" GNOME \ \ \
\SCIM Input Method(SCIM ) \

" 2012
( CNS11643 Unicode )"


Debian7 scim
scim
scim Synaptic
gcinhimeibusfcitxuim
openvanilla "GNOME \
\\\"
"
" scim
()

Font Manager

SCIM\

SCIM\


Unicode ( " " " ") for
OpenOffice.org
http://www.openfoundry.org/of/projects/2267

http://www.edu.tw/pages/list.aspx?
Node=3691&Index=1&wid=c5ad5187-55ef-4811-8219-e946fe04f725
CNS11643 -
http://www.cns11643.gov.tw/AIDB/download.do?name=
2012 ( CNS11643 Unicode
)
http://www.openfoundry.org/of/projects/1603
Prebuilt packages for Linux distributions hime-ime/hime Wiki
GitHub:
https://github.com/hime-ime/hime/wiki/Prebuilt-packages-forLinux-distributions
[ ]:
http://www.edu.tw/pages/detail.aspx?
Node=3683&Page=15638&WID=c5ad5187-55ef-4811-8219-e946fe04f725

18.
GNOME \\\\
""

""""

GNOME Classic GNOME

/usr/share/applications/"
"

19.
GNOME \\\\()
/

GNOME \\\\()"
"

20.
GNOME \\\\()"
\"
GNOME \\\dconf Editor
org.gnome.system-tools.users"showall""showroot"

GNOME \\\\"
" NTP Synaptic
"ntp" root
/etc/ntp.conf
server 0.debian.pool.ntp.org iburst
#
server time.stdtime.gov.tw

http://www.stdtime.gov.tw/chinese/bulletin/NTP%20promo.txt
http://www.stdtime.gov.tw/chinese/bulletin/NTP .txt

21.GParted
GNOME \\\\GParted (GNOME
)"gparted" GParted \
\""
Synaptic GParted

GParted root

root Nautilus\""\""\

GNOME \\\

"exfat-utils""exfatfuse" Nautilus ""exFAT

GParted 1

GParted 2

exFAT - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/ExFAT
- :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/
List of file systems - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_systems
Comparison of file systems - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_file_systems

22.dconf EditorGKDebconf
GNOME \\\ Windows
MacOSX
GNOME \\\dconf Editor(Configuration Editor)
"GNOME"""
GNOME
GNOME \\\GKDebconf

"cdebconf-gtk"(cdebconf)
gkdebconf gkdebconf

"debconf"
"GNOME"
""
"fontconfig-config"
Font tuning method for screen (system default)""
(subpixel rendering)""
""
"keyboard-configuration"

"locals"

""

dconf Editor(Configuration Editor)

GKDebconf

GKDebconf2

23.
Iceweasel
Debian7GNOME Iceweasel
Firefox
Chromium
"chromium-browser" Google
"chromium-browser-l10n"

Opera
APT Opera
deb.opera.com Synaptic \\
\Other Software\""
deb http://deb.opera.com/opera/ stable non-free #Opera Browser
(final releases)
"APT ""\"
http://deb.opera.com/archive.key
root ""
Synaptic /etc/apt/sources.list Opera APT
Synaptic Opera
Debian Mozilla team
Iceweasel(Firefox)
deb http://mozilla.debian.net/ wheezy-backports iceweaselrelease
Synaptic "pkg-mozillaarchive-keyring"
flash
"flashplugin-nonfree" i386 "flashpluginnonfree-extrasound"

The Opera .deb Repository

http://deb.opera.com/
Debian Mozilla team APT archive:
http://mozilla.debian.net/

24.
VNC Server
GNOME \\\(vino-preferences) linux
linux Debian7GNOME
VNC Client (or Viewer) linux
VNC Client """
"
MacOSX10.6 VNC Client
Linux Finder \\ Linux
""""
MacOSX ""
("")
VNC Client (or Viewer) and RDP Client
GNOME \\\(Vinagre)
RDPSSHVNC
GNOME \\\Remmina Remote Desktop Client
"remmina"RDPSSHVNCSFTP

Remmina Remote Desktop Client

VNC :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/VNC

25.FTP Client
GNOME \\\FileZilla FTP Client
Debian FileZilla

FileZilla

26.
LibreOffice
LibreOffice ""

LibreOffice LibreOffice \\
( WriterCalcImpressDrawBase )
"openclipart2libreoffice" libreoffice \\

""

backports LibreOffice
libreOffice ""
libreOffice "zh-tw"

LibreOffice 4.1
Debian7GNOME Wheezy backports
LibreOffice 4.0.3 LibreOffice 4.1

LibreOffice_4.1.0_Linux_x86-64_deb.tar.gz
LibreOffice_4.1.0_Linux_x86-64_deb_helppack_zh-TW.tar.gz
LibreOffice_4.1.0_Linux_x86-64_deb_langpack_zh-TW.tar.gz
*.deb *.deb
"LibreOffice41DEB"
"override"
*.deb ""
Nautilus scripts
download( ls -a -R -U
-X>List.txt )
LIST LIST /home/
/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts "\\
"
Nautilus"LIST"
"LIST" List.txt
LibreOffice Calc List.txt
*.deb
()
priority
optional optional
Section( Synaptic )
editors()
editors()


debian
Section()LibreOffice4.1
override.csv( CSV)""
""""""""
override.csv csv
override
"LibreOffice41DEB"
dpkg-scanpackages LibreOffice41DEB/ override > Packages
Packages
LibreOffice41DEB Synaptic\\\Other
software\\APT (
) deb file:/home// LibreOffice41DEB/
LibreOffice41DEB
"""
" LibreOffice4.1
("" Synaptic)
LibreOffice4.1
libreoffice4.1libreoffice4.1-zh-twlibreoffice4.1-(
)libobasis4.1-zh-tw-helplibobasis4.1-gnome-integration

""/opt/libreoffice4.1
libreoffice4.1 GNOME

bug

dpkg-scanpackages: warning: Packages in archive but missing from

override file:
dpkg-scanpackages: warning: libreoffice4.1
dpkg-scanpackages: warning: Packages in override file but not in
archive:
dpkg-scanpackages: warning: Libreoffice4.1
dpkg-scanpackages: info: Wrote 60 entries to output Packages
file.
Packages Package: libreoffice4.1

Section: LibreOffice4.1
Priority: optional
Synaptic ""
Section ""

dpkg-scanpackages dpkg-dev

GNOME \\\gedit
GNOME gedit


GNOME \\\medit
"medit"
GNOME \\\MadEdit
MadEdit MsWindows
2009 madedit_0.2.91_amd64.deb Debian7GNOME(AMD64)
"nano"
nano
PE2 nano
"nano"

LibreOffice1

LibreOffice2

MadEdit

nano

GnomeOffice - GNOME Wiki!:

https://wiki.gnome.org/GnomeOffice
(Republic Of China Taiwan
Traditional Chinese Punctuation Toolbar)
http://extensions.openoffice.org/en/node/5713
for OpenOffice.org
http://www.openfoundry.org/of/projects/2223
MadEdit | Free Development software downloads at
SourceForge.net:
http://sourceforge.net/projects/madedit/
nano () -
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Nano
LibreOffice LibreOffice
http://zh-tw.libreoffice.org/download/
()
http://zh-tw.libreoffice.org/download/system-requirements/
List.txt GNOME-Look.org:
http://gnome-look.org/content/show.php/List.txt?content=148807

override
http://ftp.debian.org/debian/indices/override.wheezy.main.gz
override.wheezy.main.gz
override.wheezy.main LibreOffice

Debian Policy Manual - The Debian Archive:

2.4 Sections
2.5 Priorities
http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ch-archive.html
Debian -- "wheezy" :
http://packages.debian.org/wheezy/

---------deb :
http://www.study-area.org/cyril/opentools/opentools/x1447.html
APT HOWTO (Obsolete Documentation) - :
http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/apt-howto/ch-basico.zh-tw.html
- deb ()?:
http://moto.debian.tw/viewtopic.php?t=5086
---------SourcesList - Debian Wiki:
https://wiki.debian.org/SourcesList
sources.list(5):
http://manpages.debian.net/cgi-bin/man.cgi?
query=sources.list&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=Debian+7.0+wheezy
&format=html&locale=en
dpkg-scanpackages(1):
http://manpages.debian.net/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=dpkgscanpackages&apropos=0&sektion=1&manpath=Debian+7.0+wheezy&forma
t=html&locale=en

27.(/)

"gnome-paint" BMP GNOME \\

\Gnome
2D
pinta BMP GNOME \\\Pinta

mtPaint BMP GNOME \\\

mtPaint graphic editor
2D
GIMPSynaptic GIMP
GNOME \\\GNU (GIMP)
MyPaint WACOM GNOME \\\
MyPaint
2D
Synfig Studio"synfigstudio"render

"synfig-examples"
/
(Eye of GNOME Image Viewer)

ANIBMPGIFICOJPEG/JPGPCXPNGPNMRASSVGTGATIFFWB
MPXBMXPM
Shotwell Photo Manager

JPEGPNGTIFFBMPRAW
gThumb
"gthumb"
JPEGPNGTIFGIFRAW


Gnome

pinta

mtPaint

MyPaint

Synfig Studio

(Eye of GNOME Image Viewer)

Shotwell Photo Manager

gThumb

- :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/
Comparison of graphics file formats - Wikipedia, the free
encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_image_file_formats
Synfig - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Synfig
Synfig Studio :: Home:
http://www.synfig.org/cms/

28.
VLC media player

root /
usr/bin/vlc "geteuid""getppid"
gnome-mplayer
mplayer gnome-mplayer
mplayer
GPU

Synaptic "vdpau""vaapi"

GPU
( CPU ) VLC media playergnome-mplayer

VLC \\\\
" GPU "
gnome-mplayer \\\\
"Enable Video Hardware Support""Enable CrystalHD
Hardware Support"""""

VLC Totem youtuebe

/ youtube Totem
"youtuebe "
/
aacskeys(Decrypt all required keys from an AACS protected HDDVD/Blu-Ray)
libbluray-bdj(Blu-ray Disc Java support library (BD-J library))
libdvdcss2(Simple foundation for reading DVDs - runtime
libraries)
VLCGNOME MPlayer
//BDMV/STREAM/
"STREAM" VLCGNOME MPlayer
"STREAM"


VLC media player1

VLC media player2

GNOME MPlayer

GNOME MPlayer2


VLC root @ :: PIXNET :::
http://sean70653.pixnet.net/blog/post/30294668--vlc--root-

gnome-mplayer - Gnome MPlayer is a GTK2/GTK3 interface for

MPlayer. - Google Project Hosting:
http://code.google.com/p/gnome-mplayer/
VDPAU - :
https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/VDPAU
Video Acceleration API - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VAAPI
ATI Avivo - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATI_Avivo
X video extension - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_video_extension
Crystal HD Video Decoder Drivers | Broadcom:
http://zh-tw.broadcom.com/support/crystal_hd/
VideoLAN - libbluray:
http://www.videolan.org/developers/libbluray.html
VideoLAN - libaacs:
http://www.videolan.org/developers/libaacs.html
VideoLAN - developers libdvdcss:
http://www.videolan.org/developers/libdvdcss.html
libdvdcss - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libdvdcss
VLC Blu-Ray:
http://vlc-aacs.whoknowsmy.name/
http://vlc-bluray.whoknowsmy.name/

29.CD/DVD
GNOME \\\"Brasero"
"brasero-cdrkit"
GNOME \\\"furiusisomount" Nautilus
CD/DVD
Furius ISO Mount Fuse Loop Fuse
"Furius ISO Mount" GNOME \\\\
()\\\\"
FUSE" GNOME \\
\Furius ISO Mount
Brasero Nautilus
Nautilus ""
CD/DVD Loop Nautilus
"" CD/DVD
(root)

Brasero

Furius ISO Mount

30. 32 Wine
"Wine" Windows DLL API
Windows linux Windows

Debian Wine i386 AMD64

Wine
i386 Wine AMD64
i386 linux
32

/etc/apt/sources.list
GNOME \\\Root Terminal
dpkg --print-architecture dpkg
dpkg --print-foreign-architectures
dpkg AMD64
i386 dpkg --add-architecture
i386 i386 "i386"
CPU /var/lib/dpkg/arch

/etc/apt/sources.list
# deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 7.1.0 _Wheezy_ - Official Multiarchitecture i386/amd64/source DVD #1 20130615-23:45]/ wheezy
main
deb [arch=amd64,i386] http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ wheezy
main non-free contrib
deb [arch=amd64,i386] http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates
main contrib non-free
deb [arch=amd64,i386] http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ wheezyproposed-updates non-free contrib main
deb [arch=amd64,i386] http://ftp.tw.debian.org/debian/ wheezyupdates main contrib non-free
deb [arch=amd64,i386] http://ftp.debian.org/debian wheezybackports main contrib non-free
deb [arch=amd64,i386] http://www.deb-multimedia.org wheezy main
non-free

Debian i386/AMD64
i386/AMD64
Synaptic ""
Synaptic
wine 32 wine 32
GNOME \\\Wine
configuration
Windows
babelmap.exe babelpad.exe

 Unicode Windows
Unicode
Linux Windows
Windows SCIM
babelpad.exe

Wine configuration

babelpad.exe

Multiarch/HOWTO - Debian Wiki:

https://wiki.debian.org/Multiarch/HOWTO

dpkg - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Dpkg
Debian 7.1
http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/7.1.0/
Wine - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Wine
WineHQ - Run Windows applications on Linux, BSD, Solaris and Mac
OS X:
http://www.winehq.org/
BabelStone : BabelMap (Unicode Character Map for Windows)
http://www.babelstone.co.uk/Software/BabelMap.html

31.
GNOME \\\(gucharmap)
MsWindows "" MacOSX "()"
Debian7GNOME GNOME Unicode 6.1
Debian
Wine+babelmap.exe

(gucharmap)

32.
GNOME \\\...(gnome-search-tool)
"gnome-search-tool" MacOSX
EasyFind.app
"""""""
"""

...(gnome-search-tool)

33./
GNOME \\\(file-roller)GNOME
\\\Xarchiver(xarchiver)(fileroller) Xarchiver
"unrar""p7zip"
RAR7z

file-roller

Xarchiver

File Roller
http://fileroller.sourceforge.net/features.html
File Roller -
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/File_Roller
Xarchiver
http://xarchiver.sourceforge.net/index.html
Xarchiver - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xarchiver

34. VirtualBox
CPU ( 8GB )
VirtualBox

Debian virtualbox-osevirtualbox-oseguest-x11virtualbox-guest-additions
Debian VirtualBox APT

deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian wheezy

contrib
""""

VBoxGuestAdditions.iso
VirtualBox GNOME \\\\
()\\\\"
VirtualBox "

VirtualBox


Downloads Oracle VM VirtualBox:
https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
Linux_Downloads Oracle VM VirtualBox:
https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads
Index of /virtualbox/
http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/
VirtualBox - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/VirtualBox

35.
GNOME \\\Sysinfo
GNOME \\\System Profiler and
Benchmark(hardinfo)
GNOME \\\\Hardware Lister(lshw-gtk)
sysinfohardinfolshw-gtk Debian
USB
linux USB

"lsusb" USB

Sysinfo

hardinfo

Hardware Lister

36.
GNOME \\\ Debian7GNOME
GNOME3
""
GNOME Classic
"Shutter"

Shutter

37.RAM disk
root /etc/default/tmpfs
RAMSHM=yes # SHM_SIZE=
#
byte 1000000000\
\ tmpfs\/run/shm MiB\\
\""""

/run/shm 1GB RAM disk

/run/shm
RAM disk /run/shm

/run/shm

Chapter 2. What's new in Debian 7.0:

http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/release-notes/chwhats-new.en.html#tmpfs-filesystems
mount - What are "/run/lock" and "/run/shm" used for? - Ask
Ubuntu:
http://askubuntu.com/questions/169495/what-are-run-lock-and-runshm-used-for
RAM disk - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/RAM_disk
ramdisk | T - :
http://www.techbang.com/tags/8852

38.Cairo-Dock
MacOSX Dock Windows Sidebar cairodock
GNOME Classic(GNOME 2)""
GNOME(GNOME 3) Dock

GNOME(GNOME 3)( GNOME(GNOME 3)

)
GNOME Classic(GNOME 2) Cairo-Dock
dconf Editor org.gnome.metacity compositingmanager
GNOME \\GLX-Dock ( OpenGL Cairo-Dock)
Dock
""""
""
"
Cairo-Dock" Cairo-Dock ""
Cairo-Dock """"
"Cairo-Dock (no OpenGL)"
dock GNOME
dock /usr/share/applications/
dock dock

Cairo-Dock \\""


Cairo-Dock 1

Cairo-Dock 2

Cairo-Dock 3

Cairo-Dock 1

Cairo-Dock 2

Cairo-Dock

Dock - :
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Dock
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dock_(computing)
List of dock applications - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_dock_applications
Glx-Dock / Cairo-Dock - Composite Manager:
http://glx-dock.org/ww_page.php?p=Composite%20Manager&lang=en
Glx-Dock / Cairo-Dock - Accueil:
http://www.glx-dock.org/ww_page.php?p=Accueil&lang=en

39.manual pages
Linux
$man
""
Debian
"manpages-zh"
manual pages
(manual pages )
Debian
"manpages-zh" manual pages

"gman"
manual pages
GNOME /usr/bin/gman gman
manual pages

manual pages 1

manual pages 2

gman1

gman2

gman3

gman4

Man page - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man_page

40.Java Runtime Environment(JRE)

Java
Debian Linux deb linux Debian Linux
Java Runtime Environment (JRE)
Java Java
Java Runtime Environment (JRE)
Debian Linux 7(AMD64) openjdk-6-jre
Java Runtime Environment (JRE)
OpenJDK 6 Java Debian openjdk-7jre OpenJDKdebian gcj-jre Java
Runtime Environment (JRE)
OpenJDK 6/7
Java GNOME
GNOME ""
Java GNOME GNOME
unicode UTF-8 Java Runtime Environment
(JRE) unicode UTF-16 Java
GNOME
Java Java Java
Java Runtime Environment (JRE)
MacOSXWindows Java Java Runtime Environment
(JRE) Java

Java - Debian Wiki:

https://wiki.debian.org/Java
Java :
http://www.java.com/zh_TW/about/

41.
GNOME \\\(Evince document viewer)

Comic Book Archive (.cbr and .cbz)

Device Independent file format (.dvi)
DjVu (.djvu, .djv)
OpenOffice Presentation (.odp)
Portable Document Format (.pdf)
PostScript (.ps)
Scalable Vector Graphics (.svg)
Tagged Image File Format (.tiff, .tif)
Other Image Files (.gif, .jpeg, .png)
GNOME \\\Adobe Reader

ftp://ftp.adobe.com/pub/adobe/reader/unix/

AdobeReader_cht-8.1.7-1.i386.deb
AdbeRdr9.5.5-1_i386linux_enu.deb
i386 AMD64
i386
AdobeReader i386
AdobeReader_cht-8.1.7-1.i386.deb
AdbeRdr9.5.5-1_i386linux_enu.deb


Evince document viewer

Adobe Reader

Adobe - Adobe Reader : For Unix:

http://www.adobe.com/support/downloads/product.jsp?
product=10&platform=Unix

42.
Debian Linux
7 GNOME Windows/MacOSX
/ Linux
Linux
Linux
""
Linux Linux ""
()
Linux 2D/3D

Debian Linux
Debian/GNOME
Debian/GNOME