Speaker Occasion

Audience

Purpose

Tone Techniques

Poems from The Exeter Book The Seafarer The Wanderer A solitary sailor trapped at sea an abandoned sailor who has lost his family; third person observer telling the story Sailor who writes his decision The man is the last survivor of to be alone at sea; he was his people; he is mourning the scared of the ocean and turned death of his lord to God for protection; lost and trapper fellow sailors, individuals descendants and people who expressing loneliness; those knew him; other people that are thinking about traveling to sea alone; to those who need guidance and warning express loneliness; a warning He alone survived tell a story and praise of God and relate to depression; to know that it feels like to be lonely; used as moral advice depressed, regretful. mournful; depressed; angry; extreme cautionary; gloomy, sad, melacholoy serious Technique #1 Technique #1 alliteration repetition Example Example showed me suffering in a alas hundred ships Technique #2 Technique #2 metaphor alliteration Example song of the swan Example swimming soundlessly out of

The Wifes Lament wife of a sailor husband leaves to go to the sea; she is now exiled to live in the forest by her husband because his kinsmen found her a distraction other wives who are going through the same; lonely women, husbands are away from home expresses her loneliness; an expression of loneliness and sorrow; anger and grief sad, lonely; melancholy; harsh, cold. hopeless; serious Technique #1 kenning Example wave-tumult Technique #2 caesura-hemistich Example I make this song /about me full

Technique #3 caesura Death leaps at the fools who forget their God (106)

sight (53) Technique #3 caesura And I open my eyes/embracing the air (4)

imagery In icy bands bound with frost, with frozen chains.

kenning war-steed, war-lord, feastingplaces parallelism So I lost a homeless.

sadly Technique #3 imagery dark valleys, high hills, the yard over-grown and bitter with briars, rocky cliff, rimed with frost, dreary in spirit, drenched with water, ruined hallall reflect desolation alliteration a blithe bearing with care in the breast imagery the valleys are dark the hills are high

Major ideas in Anglo-Saxon poetry: the archetype of the journey on land and sea exile alienation love the cyn (the blood family) the mead hall pagan values Christian values nature the elegy ubi sunt (literally, where are? or the transitory nature of things)

fate oral traditions time bliss / pain the power of narration marital bonds fear security the afterlife