Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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The item identified below has been withdrawn from this file:
FROM:
WITHDRAWAL NOTICE
United States Secret Service
fifiFWT
Office of Investigations
Forensic Services Division
Questioned Document Branch
October 10, 2001
Federal Bureau of Investigation - Laboratory Division
Subject: Case No, , 7 5 _ g 6 5 _ 4 8 7 y o
Reference is made to your Forensic Science Research Request, dated September 26, 2001 .
EXHIBIT:
Ql One (1) photo identification card written in Arabic bearing the title "Saudi University"
described as item Q568. This card was found in the Pentagon rubble pile.
•
REQUEST:
RESULTS OF EXAMINATION:
Physical examinations were conducted on the questioned identification card ( E x h i b i t Ql ). There ueu-
no comparable standards available for comparison ofthe identification card; therefore the a u t h e n t i c i t y
o f t h e identification card could not be determined. The card was produced by a combination of
photography and offset lithography. This document when exposed to ultraviolet radiation displays the
word "Polaroid" which fluoresces in a hori/.onta! and vertical pattern. The type of film that contains
this feature is the Polaroid Polarcolor 100 or 669 ID Ultraviolet film. This film is sold worldwide as .1
relatively low security, generic, Identification card product. The equipment used to produce such a
photograph is the Polaroid LD2, ID3, ID4. or ID 100 camera. All these cameras utilixc a Validation
Plate that fits inside the camera to provide the layout, header and add a layer of security to the system
The demographic data is then printed on a paper card media & inserted i n t o the camera. The ID
document is then die cut and heat sealed into a plastic pouch. It should be noted that if one had aa.css
to the camera and a validation plate, one could modify and or ulili/.c the system to make other
identification documents. These types of cameras arc available through Polaroid authon/.ed
identification dealers worldwide. In conversations with the Polaroid Corporation, t h e i r exports h a v e
indicated thai it is unusual for the photograph to overlap the biographical information as i t docs on i h i -
document.
<.
The ID card u as translated to English from Arabic beginning with the front p i c t u r e side-reading top ;*•
boltom as follows^
\e Kingdom ol SaudiVvrabia
Student I d e m t t v Card
File No. 175-865-48790
Page 2 of 2
In the upper right quadrant (just right of center) is a printed shield featuring a Palm tree above
crossed swords above an open book, encircled by the words "King Saud University", both in
English and Arabic.
The reverse side of the document contains the following text translated from Arabic to English
Important instructions for the cardholder
• This card should be submitted to the proper authorities upon request
• This card cannot be used by any other person.
• If the card is lost, the proper authorities should be notified in writing
• Should the card be lost, it should be announced in the University Letter or in one of the
local newspapers.
• The card is considered Cancelled if it is punched.
DISPOSITION OF EVIDENCE
Reference is made to your Forensic Sc.ence Research Request, dated September 26, 2001.
EXHIBIT:
Ql One (1) identification card bearing the name, "Salem Alhazmi," described as item Q409,
collected on 9/21/2001.
REQUEST:
RESULTS OF EXAMINATION:
F'hysical examinations were conducted on the questioned card (Exhibit Ql). The card was produced by
a combination of two printing processes, thermal dye diffusion and thermal mass transfer. It was
produced by the USAIU Systems, Incorporated, Atlanta, Georgia (since moved to Miami, Florida), on
or about the 10Ih of July, 2001. The card was issued to "Salem Alha/ini" and was ordered through nn
affiliate in Patterson, NJ on or about hi'.y 6. 2001 - Cards from this company are utilized as
identification cards.
DISPOSITION OF EVIDENCE
^arryr". Stewart
Laboratory Director
Ap»ro\:
(( ' •' y
, Jack L Johnson, J-f
Special Aivnt in Charge
Reference is made to your Forensic Science Research Request, dated September 25, 2001.
EXHIBIT:
Ql One (1) partial identification card bearing the last name, "Alhazmi," described as item 1B-
4L3, collected at the Pentagon on 9/16/2001.
REQUEST:
RESULTS OF EXAMINATION:
Physical examinations were conducted on the questioned card (Exhibit Ql). The card was produced by
a combination of two printing processes, thermal dye diffusion and thermal mass transfer. It was
produced by the USAID Systems, Incorporated, Atlanta, Georgia (since moved to Miami, Florida), on
or about the 10lh of July, 2001 The card was issued to "Nawaf Alhazmi" and was ordered through an
affiliate in Patterson, NJ on or about July 6, 2001. Cards from this company arc utih/.ed as
identification cards.
DISPOSITION OF EVIDENCE
. Stewart
Laboratory Director
Approved:
,
// Jack L Johnson, Jf.
/ Special A cent in Charge
fire of tljr ^ttnrncu
. (L 20530
1/2
DIST
S 17, 1995
TD
D
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CA The Honorable Warren Christopher
S/S Secretary of State
WHS/ Washington, DC 20530
dsm
Dear Mr. Secretary:
This is in reply to the letter from then-Acting Secretary
Strobe Talbott in which he recommends that members of your staff
meet with Department of Justice staff concerning the nomination
of Ireland for probationary status in the Visa Waiver Pilot
Program (VWPP) . We are pleased to concur with your suggestion.
I have directed Doris Meissner, Commissioner of the
Immigration and Naturalization Service, to have members of her
staff initiate discussions with your staff. Those discussions
must account for the present policy, approved by the President,
by which visas for members of Sein Fein and the Irish Republican
Army are issued subject to certain conditions. Under the VWPP,
these conditions will have to be continued --presumably through
the INS inspection process.
Please be assured that I will ask Ms. Meissner to have her
staff continue to work closely with members of Ms. Ryan's staff
on the issue and to continue their dialogue with Congress in the
new session.
Sincerely,
Janet Reno
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
EXECUTIVE SECRETARIAT
ACTION SUP
PROVIDE INFO COPY OF DIRECT REPLY ON BEHALF OF. . ALONG WITH ORIGINAL
INCOMING WH/OVP CORRESPONDENCE UNDER COVER OF A TRANSMITTAL FORM.
RECOMMENDATION FOR . UNDER COVER OF AN ACTION MEMO WITH REPLY FOR SIGNATURE.
REMARKS/SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS:
CLEAR WITH:
COPIES TO: S/S A IO <;/ra>P
S I S/^T
*—*~^~ DONILON S/S-EX TPR M/DT.P S/<;AH
XX <;,„ ns M/FSl l^flNI/W
S/«U~ DRI M/OFM A£T)A
/ Janet Reno
Department of State
Office of the Secretary
Date:
Direct/Through S/S
Action
Due:
Action Memo/Recommendation
Remarks:
Anne Hall
Ext. 7-6822
PRINCIPALS CHAWWEL 9502940
FOR MANAGEMENT
WASHINGTON
m
s
TP
Richard M. Moose
WASHINGTON
The Honorable
Louis Freeh,
Director,
Department of Justice,
Federal Bureau of Investigation.
- 2 -
Mary A. Ry
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The Honorable
Janet Reno,
Attorney General
-2-
Warren Christopher
S/ES 200316281/14
September 3, 2003
J»BCRET '
UNCLASSIFIED when separated from attachments
gseRET
UNCLASSIFIED when separated from attachments
2
We hope this information is useful to you. As always,
please do not hesitate to contact us if you have further
questions.
Karl Hofmann
Executive Secretary
Attachments:
1. Documents Responsive to Request No. 2, specifically
questions number 2-5, 11-14, 16 and 18.
2. Incoming request.
£ EjggRET
UNCLASSIFIED when separated from attachments
United States Department of State
CLASSIFICATION
DECL: Date
Karl Hofmann
Executive Secretary
Attachments:
1. State Department Documents,
2. Incoming memoranda
CLASSIFICATION
Classified by: (name)(title)
Reason: E.O. 12958 (justification)
9/11 Commission
SES #200317214/IPS #8200300005
SESCR007
49 Documents
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The item identified below has been withdrawn from this file:
FROM: Talbot
TO: Secretary
WITHDRAWAL NOTICE
United States Department of State
Washington, D. C. 2052$
June 3, 1991
INFORMATION MEMORANDUM^*
S/S '
9109975
TO: D - Mr/. Eagleburger
\: M - Mr. Ivan Selin
S/S:
Wang 0045e
draft: JWard; Robin
06/03/91 M Staff Aast.
6/11
DRAFT
JDlj vlobU
The Honorable Lawrence 5. Eagleburger
Deputy Secretary of State
Department of State
2201 C Street, NW
Washington, D.C. 20520
DRAFT
UO'OU/Ml
DRAFT
personnel in detecting document fraud and doing security
screening, would do spot checking of passengers and
documents, and would coordinate with FAA and other DSG
personnel on security matters overseas. They woulc". have lap
top computers with access to information in the INS computer
svstem, updated frequently. The document screeners wculd
also work with airport and host government personnel on the
implementation of APIS and efforts to eventually move
towards more automated security screening.
When the details of the proposal for a particular country
are worked out/ State will send a cable to ths appropriate
Ambassador recommending his or her approval and requesting
assistance in negotiating the necessary agreements with the
host governments. State will work with the NSC, INS and
Justice to finalize the details of the document screening
program as soon as possible. Experience with the document
screening program would be evaluated after twelve months
using criteria for evaluation agreed to in advance by our
agencies. Expansion, reduction or modification of the
program will be considered at that tina.
3. This agreement is without prejudice to either State's or
Justice's position on pre-inspection. If we believe the
report on the London pre-inspection experiment warrants it,
we will recommend that a pre-inspection program be
implemented in London, and perhaps elsewhere.
DRAFT
05/30'Bl II :i9 ZTZDZ 514 0467 DAG
DRAFT
Please let me know if you agree with the above points. If BO, we
will provide our concurrence in the visa waiver program expansion
ae set forth above.
Sincerely,
William P. Barr
DRAFT
06/10/1991 06/10/1991
LSE
I^HM
Selin, Ivan
07/22/1993
06/11/1991
nited States Department of State
Washington, D. C. 20520
P- /K
L /
INFORMATION MEMORANDUM
S/S
UNCLASSIFIED Q11A9SA
TO: D - Mr. Eagleburger >^ QCT-09 3:^8 PH
THROUGH: M - Ms. Jill E. Kent, Acting
FROM: CA - Elizabeth M. Tamposi
SUBJECT: Expansion of the Visa Waiver Pilot Program and INS
Document Screening Proposal
SUMMARY
On October 1, the expanded Visa Waiver Pilot Program went
into effect with the addition of 13 countries to the 8 already
participating in the program. In exchange for the Justice
Department's agreement to expansion of the program, you agreed
in principle to a limited pilot program for document screening
by INS officers at several hub airports in Europe. In July,
Justice made an informal proposal for a document screening
program which raised a number of concerns on our part. We
communicated these concerns to Justice and they are revising
their proposal prior to its formal submission to the Department
DISCUSSION
On October 1, the visa Waiver Pilot Program (VWpp) was
expanded from 8 to 21 participating countries with the addition
of 13 new countries to the program. The new participants are
Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Iceland,
Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco, New Zealand, Norway, San
Marino and Spain. Original participants are France, Germany,
Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland and the
United Kingdom.
The VWPP permits travelers from these countries to enter
the United States for up to 90 days without a visa if the
purpose of the visit is tourism or business. The program
originally applied only to travelers arriving by air or sea.
It was extended on July 18 to visitors entering the United
States at land border points, further increasing the number of
travelers eligible to participate.
- 2-
The program has been
countries ports of entry.
July 1988.)
The
limitation on the number of statistics are
howevet-
leaves Greece, Portugal
"^continued support o«
the VWPP.
- 3 -
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y r f o r w a r d i n g a copy o f your letter t o o f f i c i a l s a t
The Honorable
Ben Garrido Blaz,
House of Representatives
Thank you for your March 17 letter to the Secretary
asking ?or his support for the inclusion of Taiwan in the
Guam Visa Waiver.
Although the Departnent has some concerns regarding
TaiwJn^linclusion in the Guam Visa waiver, a. you know fro.
your recent meeting with the Bureau of Consular Jffairs
Senior Deputy Assistant Secretary, Mr. Jaaes L. Ward, we are
nreoared to be quided by the recommendations of the
?!£igration and'Saturalization Service (INS) with respect to
this natter.
I appreciate the points you have raised on page two of
your correspondence to the secretary, and I am taking the
liberty of forwarding a copy of your letter to °fficjai^at
INS so that they may be made a part of their deliberations
on this matter. As you know, INS is compiling its
evaluation on the impact of the inclusion of Taiwan in the
Guam Visa Waiver Program. We have been advised that a final
decision is likely to be reached shortly.
Sincerely,
Janet G. Kullins
Assistant Secretary
Legislative Affairs
The Honorable
Ben Garrido Blaz,
House of Representatives
D r a f t e d bv f t \:
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EXECUTIVE SECRETARIAT
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ACTION REQUESTED:
WITH DRAFT REPLY FOR SIGNATURE
BY:
STATE TO MEMO
WITH COMMENT/RECOMMENDATION
PRESIDENTIAL
IF NO SIGNED ORIGINAL IS NECESSARY.
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REMARKS/SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS: [_ ^ ^
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Member of Con/Eat ess
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. EXECUTIVE SECRETARIAT DATEDUEINS^BY
S/S CONTROL NUMBER
ACTION REQUESTED:
WITH DRAFT REPLY FOR SIGNATURE
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REMARKS/SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS:
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HOKXULU. HAWAII 96813
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The Honorable Warren M. Christopher
Secretary of State of the United States
Department of State
FIRST DlSTRC'
KXCUON 2201 C Street, NW
SECOND OISIRCI Washington, D.C. 20520
U UATVLAAA
SOOM
Resolution No. 205, S.D. 1, which was this day adopted
•o *tn
SfVtNlH DlSTFt by the Senate of the Seventeenth Legislature of the
U«M FtnNM
FJGMTM DIS1RCT
DOM*» «cfl>
State of Hawaii, Regular Session of 1994.
MMTH BSTRXTT
MHTIUNO KOM'
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STANDING COMMITTEE REPORT NO
MARY
THE SENATE
SEVENTEENTH LEGISLATURE, 1994
S.R.NO. 205
S.D. 1
STATE OF HAWAII
SENATE RESOLUTION
REQUESTING ESTABLISHMENT OF A VISA WAIVER PROGRAM FOR HAWAII
SIMILAR TO THAT WHICH PERTAINS TO ALIENS ENTERING GUAM.
RECOMMENDATION
That you *prove the attached message to Portugese Foreign
Minister Dur Baijoso.
(i*/*X
Approve: Disapprove:
Attachment:
Suggested respfonse to Durao Barroso
C lea red:EUR:JBindenage 1
CA/VO: JGarner.^ (j
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OUTGOING TELEGRAM
D E P A R T M E N T OF STATE
EUR/UE:N£HMED, CA/VO:JGARNER:NA
07/01/^3 7-1M11 S E U E 1DSM7
THE SECRETARY
EUR: A V E R S H B O k 1 CA:MARY4N
H:DCURRAN " S/S:RLUlLSON
S/S-0:SEISENBRAUN
PRIORITY LISBON
SUBJECT: H E S S A G E FROT, T H E S t C R E T t R I T O FH T U R A C B A R R O S O
REF: S E C T O 11DEH
LIMITED O F F I C I A L USE
LIMITED OFFICIAL USE
SINCERELY,
/S/
W A R R E N CHRISTOPHER
HIS EXCELLENCY
JOSE MANUEL D U R A O B A R R O S O
MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF PORTUGAL
LISBON \D OFFICIAL USE
WITHDRAWAL NOTICE
COPIES: 1 PAGES: 4
The item identified below has been withdrawn from this file:
WITHDRAWAL NOTICE
WITHDRAWAL NOTICE
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The item identified below has been withdrawn from this file:
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The item identified below has been withdrawn from this file:
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DTSTRIBOTIQg LIST
S/S: 9420614
COPIES TO:
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08/94
Ori«j- Itrs. sent to "H" to be handcarried 9421966
to the Hill, 9/27. Receipt *V 2590467.
?D WASH.NGTON
D-2 - -
The Honorable
Edward M. Kennedy, Chairman,
Subcommittee on Immigration and Refugee Affairs,
Committee on the Judiciary,
United States Senate.
-2-
Warrer. Christopher
THE SECRETARY OF STATE
WASHINGTON
The Honorable
Alan K. Simpson,
United States Senate.
-2-
Warren Christopher
9421966
United Slates Department of State
Washington. D. C. 20520
SEP 2 6 1994
ACTION MEMORANDUM
UNCLASSIFIED ^^
TO: The_Secretary
FROM: CA - Mary A. K/au^ ^.
H - Wendy R. Shermari^
ESSENTIAL FACTORS:
PROVIDE INTO COPY OF DIRECT REPLY ON BEHALF OF. . ALONG WITH ORIGINAL
INCOMING WH/OVP CORRESPONDENCE UNDER COVER OF A TRANSMIT!AL FORM
RECOMMENDATION FOR . UNDER COVER OF AN ACTION MEMO WITH REPLY FOR SIGNATURE-
REMARKS/SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS:
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EXT: 7-8062/8063/S339/8338/5348/5349ft804/5805
(Office of % Attorney (ieneral
. B. (C. 20530 —
October 20, 1994
Janet Reno
9426164
December 5, 1994
DIST:
s Dear Madam Attorney General:
TD
D Thank you for your letter of November 4, 1994, to Secretary
p Christopher concerning the removal of Andorra, Austria, Italy,
E and Monaco from the list of countries whose nationals may
T benefit from the waiver of the visitor visa requirement under
M the Visa Waiver Pilot Program (VWPP). We fully share your
G concern about illegal immigration and want to assure you that
s/p the Department of State will continue to do everything in its
power to ensure that visas are not issued to those who are not
S/S-S entitled to them. Countries with excessive rates of refusal at
EUR port of entry and excessive numbers of nationals who stay too
CA long in the United States should not be permitted to
H participate in the visa waiver program. If the four countries
L identified in your letter are no longer eligible, we should
RF:rw take appropriate steps to address this problem.
I understand, however, that there is a significant question
whether these countries should be terminated that arises in
part from the program's statutory requirements and the currency
and quality of the data available about pot t-of-entry refusals
and overstayers. Assistant Secretary for Consular Affairs
Mary A. Ryan also informs me that, earlier this year, members
of her staff worked with members of Commissioner Meissner's
staff to formulate proposed amendments to the VWPP that would
address some of these issues and ensure an orderly process for
dropping countries from the program. Although these amendments
were not enacted, we should seriously consider continuing the
Administration's dialogue with Congress on this issue in the
new session.
The Honorable
Janet Reno,
Attorney General
- 2-
Sincerely,
albott
Acting Secretary
- 3 -
Drafted: *A
L/CA:CWBrow&y-l 1/3 0/94 SELCA 2058
cleared:
CA:MARyan
CArDDillard
EUR/AGS :DCavin
EUR/WE : v^,
of % Attorney (irncral
, 13. (1L 20530
November A, 1994
Sincerely,
Janet Reno
VISA WAIVER PROGRAM FOR CERTAIN VISITORS
(1) EXCLUSION.--
(A) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an
immigration officer's determination that an applicant
for admission under this section is not clearly and
beyond a doubt entitled to land shall constitute a
final order of exclusion and deportation, enforceable
pursuant to section 237 and such regulations as the
Attorney General may prescribe. Pending such a
determination, the Attorney General may maintain such
applicant in custody or may in the exercise of
discretion refuse admission and permit euch applicant
to withdraw the application for admission.
IB) The provisions of section 236, except subsection
(e), shall not apply to an applicant Cor admission
under this section or to an order issued under this
paragraph.
(2) DEPORTATION.--
\) Notwithstanding any other provisionof law,an
Washington, D. C. 20520
UNCLASSIFIED
IJNCIASSIFIED
-2-
UNCLASSIFIED
-3-
Recomroendation
That you sign the letter to the Attorney General Reno
at Tab 1.
Approve t-^/ ->/S'/^cf ^X Disapprove
Attachments:
Tab 1 - Proposed reply.
Tab 2 - Letter from the Attorney General.
Tab 3 - Legislative proposal.
Removal of Four Countries from the Visa Waiver Pilot
Program
Drafted: CA/VO/LrCDScullyllI:cds <%_ L—
11/10/94 1844A X31184 D
Cleared: CA/VO:DDillard
CA/EX:METruitt
HrWNesbitt
L/CA:CBrown
EUR/AGS:DCavin
EUR/WE:ECosgrove
12/5/94
REO.STEREO:
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(Off,,, lym
L
THI) P A R T T O REMAIN A T 7 ACHE O T O P A R T II
BUT NOT F l x e O 1O CNVELOPC
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TO Bt SIONEO BV RECIPIENT ANO R E T U R N E D BV
MESSENGER TO C E N T R A L MESSENGER UNIT
R E T A I N E D FOR ] V E A R S
v 3131660
ORIG LETTER TO ADDRESSEE VIA COURIER
UNDER RECEIPT • 3130409
ORIG ACTMEM/COPY OF LETTER TO OIS
9427281
fe/f
COPIES TO:
5
TD DEPARTMENT OF STATE
D WASHINGTON
p *c.j pep _o p, o/
' ' LL . O I i -^M
T Decenber B, 1994
M
G
S/P Dear Madam Attorney General:
SS
SSS DIR Section 217(g) of the Immigration and Nationality Act,
EUR recently enacted by Congress, authorizes" us jointly to
CA designate countries for inclusion in the Visa Waiver Pilot
DS Program (VWPP) with probationary status.
EB
H Visa refusal statistics for fiscal years 1993 and 1994 and
L overstay rates provided by INS for fiscal year 1992 indicate
S/CT that Ireland meets the statistical criteria for inclusion in
RF/baa the probationary program. Consistent with Section
217 (g) (2) (D), the Government of Ireland has advised the U.S.
Embassy in Dublin that it issues machine-readable passports.
Because Ireland therefore meets the qualifications for initial
inclusion, we propose that Ireland be selected for
participation in the probationary program.
There is no doubt that the Visa Waiver Pilot Program has
been an important public relations asset for the United States
and has succeeded in its objectives of facilitating tourist and
"business travel to the United States while conserving our
consular resources. In the last year alone, approximately
ten million foreign visitors entered the United States on the
program. The inclusion of Ireland will expand the program to
include a country with which we have both close historical
links and a growing commercial and cultural exchange.
We would be pleased to discuss with your staff any
questions concerning our recommendation of Ireland for
probationary status in the Visa Waiver Program. Please let us
know at your earliest convenience whether you concur in our
proposal.
Jtrobe Talbott
Acting Secretary
The Honorable
Janet Reno,
Attorney General.
Drafted by: CA/VO/F/P:PForai^|(
10/12/94; doc #9742P
,C
Cleared by: CA:MARyan H*WNesbittV*-**
CA/VO -.DDillard^v.-, DS:ACEQuaintonK e ^
CA/VO:MLHancockp7^jA S/CT:PWilcox C^>
CA/VO/F:ASMarwitz<T EUR:RCHolbrooke ^
CA/VO/L :CDScully£'9-? L/CA:CBrownc3
P:BLucas
United tale
ACTION MEMORANDUM
UNCLASSIFIED &S
THROUGH: M - Mr.~Moose
FROM: CA - Mary A. Ry
SUBJECT: Further Expansion of the Visa Waiver Pilot
Program
RECOMMENDATION
UNCLASSIFIED
Attachmenti
_S XX s/s A M/WHL
DONILON 's/s-o CA ^W
D S/S-EX CPR
XX - S/S-S >BRL OES
s/s-c t^ DS DIG
XX S/S-IA EB SMEC
^S/S-IRM EEOCR S/RPP
XX S/S-IRM^MD FMP S^AH
J^SG USUN/W
C I/ H-2 S $&T
S AF WM ACDA
PA ARA l/p USAID
PA/P RS EAP •'1 USIA
*^INR EUR MADGP
M^SI
M/OFM
i/S/NIS
MEMORANDUM FOR:
XX APPROPRIATE HANDLING
.OTHER
CLEARANCE/COMMENTS TO:
Janet Reno
Enclosure
VISA WAIVER PILOT PROGRAM
REPORT TO CONGRESS
Prepared by:
Office of Inspections
Xnmigration and Naturalization Service
June 1994
VISA WAIVER PILOT PROGRAM
REPORT TO CONGRESS
Introduction
The nonimmigrant Visa Waiver Pilot Program {VWPP), which has been
incorporated into 8 U.S.C. as Section 217 of the Immigration and
Nationality Act (INA) , was implemented as a result of the
Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) of 1986. The program
permits nationals of countries designated by the Attorney General
and the Secretary of State to apply for admission to the United
States as visitors for business or pleasure for up to 90 days
without having to obtain nonimmigrant visitor visas from U.S.
embassies and consulates. Participation in the program was
originally limited to eight countries which met the following
criteria: 1) offered reciprocal privileges to citizens and
nationals of the United States; 2) had a total nonimmigrant visa
refusal rate of less than 2 percent for the two previous
consecutive full fiscal years; 3) had a visa refusal rate of less
than 2.5 percent for each of such years, and 4) that nationals of
countries granted.designation must not pose a threat to the health,
safety, welfare, or security of the United States.
Implementation of the program required certification by the
Attorney General that an automated nonimmigrant arrival/departure
control system was operational. The Attorney General certified
that the Nonimmigrant Information System (NIIS) met that
requirement.
The VWPP was implemented in 1988 when the United Kingdom was
designated on July l as a participating country and was followed by
Japan on December 15. Six additional countries: Prance, The
Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, and
Switzerland were designated in July 1989.
The IRCA limited eligibility for the program to visitors who arrive
in the United States on transportation carriers which have entered
into agreements with the Immigration and Naturalization Service
(INS). An applicant for admission under the program must meet the
following conditions: 1) not be excludable from the United States;
2) be visiting for 90 days or less; 3) be a nonimmigrant visitor
for business or pleasure; 4) not change his or her nonimmigrant
status; and 5) not obtain permanent residence in the United States
unless a spouse, child, or parent of a United States Citizen. The
IRCA requires that travelers wishing to participate in the program
sign a waiver of any right to review or appeal from a decision of
the immigration officer to refuse admission under the VWPP other
than on the basis of an application for asylum. Finally, IRCA
limited the duration of the program to 3 years and required a
report to Congress evaluating the program after 2 years.
When this report was submitted to Congress, it recorwnended that the
program be extended for another 3 years. It also recommended that
the program be expanded to allow VWPP visitors to apply for
admission at land border Ports-of-Entry, that there be no
limitation on the number of countries to be designated for the
program, and that carrier liability under the INA be amended to
include liability for transporting to the United States a national
of a designated country without a valid passport.
The Immigration Act of 1990 (IMMACT 90) incorporated these
recommended changes into the program. The IMMACT 90 removed the
numerical limitation on designated countries. The IMMACT 90 also
added the requirement that a country must issue or have plans to
issue machine-readable passports before it could be designated as
a participating country. The program was further expanded on
July 18, 1991, to include entry to the United States at land border
Ports-of-Entry. The IMMACT 90 also limited continuation in the
program to countries which had a less than 2 percent immigration
"violation" rate (interpreted as the ratio of the sum of that
country's nationals who were excluded from admission or withdrew
their application for admission during the previous fiscal year,
plus the number of nationals who were admitted as nonimmigrant
visitors who violated the terms of their admission compared with
*t-fce number of nationals who applied for admission as nonimmigrant-
visitors during that fiscal year.) This resulted in the addition
of 13 countries: Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland,
Iceland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco, New Zealand, Norway,
San Marino, and Spain. On July 27, 1993 Brunei was designated.
These countries were added to the program under the amended
criteria established in the IMMACT 90.
The Immigration and Nationality Technical Amendments Act of 1994
extended the expiration date of the Pilot Program until September
30, 1996 and authorized the creation of a probationary program
within the pilot program. To date, no country has been designated
for the probationary program.
Operation of the automated arrival and departure control system
for foreign visitors
The NIIS has been in operation for 11 years. It now contains over
200 million nonimmigrant arrival/departure records. In addition to
recording and tracking the arrival and departure information of
nonimmigrants, NIIS supports the legislative requirements of IRCA
and IMMACT 90 for the Visa Waiver Pilot Program. The NIIS also
supports the statistical reporting requirements for INS in
generating annual reports and also other official statistics that
are provided to Congress and other government entities. Tailored
management reports which support mission goals and various
functional units within INS and other Federal agencies in matters
ranging from routine administrative actions to national security
matters are also provided by NIIS.
Information for NIIS is obtained from the Arrival/Departure Form
(Forms 1-94, I-94T and I-94W), which, in the case of travelers
arriving by air or sea, also satisfies the arrival manifest
requirement of Section 231 of the INA. As there is no formal INS
inspection of those departing from the United States, departure
control is through information obtained from the carrier pursuant
to the departure manifest requirement which also is contained in
Section 231. There is no requirement for an alien who does not use
a common carrier to depart the United States to surrender the
I-94/I-94W.
There have been a number of problems with the NIIS that have caused
the reliability of the data produced to be questioned. These
problems are related to the data collection procedure problem
indicated above which, to compensate, has required the INS
Statistical Branch to estimate the extent of system error; i.e.,
the degree to which the apparent overstay rate reflects the failure
to collect the departure portion of the I-94/W/T. The Commissioner
of the Immigration and Naturalization Service has recommended to
the Congress that it consider requiring carriers to supply the
departure manifest in an electronic or machine readable format.
Additionally, overstay data for 1990 and 1993 are not available due
to the data entry contractor having lost a number of computer
tapes. INS has changed contractors and established an electronic
link between the new contractor and the NIIS which will preclude a
repetition of this problem.
Admission refusals and overstays for such visitors who have
entered under the visa waiver pilot program
Information has been compiled for all countries currently
designated for the program. This report includes statistics for
deportations, overstays, apprehensions, withdrawals of applications
for admission, and exclusion hearings for individuals with
nonimmigrant visas, admission refusals under the VWPP as well as
statistics for those admitted under the VWPP and the equivalent
nonimmigrant visitor for business or pleasure categories for
applicants possessing visas.
Statistical information for this section of the report has been
retrieved from NIIS. Several explanatory points should be made
prior to the presentation of the data.
First, as indicated in a previous section of this report, some
countries have been in the VWPP program longer than others. For
example, the United Kingdom, as the first VWPP country, has
participated in the program since its inception in July 1988.
Switzerland, on the other hand, has been a designated country since
July 1989. Therefore, no data is reported for Switzerland before
that date.
Likewise, other countries have been designated after the beginning
of a fiscal year. The data for that country for that year is
incomplete if it is compared to a country which had been in the
program for the entire fiscal year. For example, Table 1 shows
that Switzerland in Fiscal Year 1989 had 15,626 participants in the
VWPP while Japan had 1,549,604. In addition to the obvious
difference in the size of the traveling population, a portion of
the relative disparity was due to Switzerland only participating
for 3 months in FY 1989. The following year, with a full year of
participation, 102,247 Swiss citizens entered the United States
under the VWPP.
Second, as indicated above, the transportation companies and
vessels are the collecting agency for the departure portion of the
I-94/I-94W. Occasionally, some of these forms are misplaced prior
to delivery to INS and, therefore, the departure of the aliens on
whom the records pertain is not recorded. Further, not every alien
who enters the United States on a participating carrier departs by
air. Some aliens depart by ship or at land border Ports-of -Entry.
Since the United States does not perform departure inspection, the
departure of these aliens is not recorded every time.
As displayed on the sumvary page of Table 1, between FY 1988 and
the end of FY 1992, 41,855,873 nonimmigrants from VWPP countries
were admitted to the United States. Of these, 39,468,742 were
nonimmigrant visitors which included 21,588,641 who were VWPP
participants.
Table 2 shows that between the start of the VWPP and the end of
FY 1992, the last year for which complete data is available, 21,016
applicants for admission from VWPP countries were refused, withdrew
their application for admission, were excluded from admission,
deported, or required to depart. Of this number, 5,454 were
applicants for admission under the VWPP. Thus, between the start
of the program and the end of FY 1992, only 0.03 per cent of all
applicants for admission under the VWPP were determined to be mala
fide.
As shown in Table 3, 121,684 nationals of VWPP countries are
estimated to have overstayed their period of authorized admission
during FY 1991 and 1992. Particular attention should be paid to
countries of Andorra, Austria, Italy, Monaco, and San Marino. When
combined with the mala fide totals shown in Table 2, each of these
designated VWPP countries had a violation rate in FY 1992 that
exceeded 2 percent of nonimmigrant admissions. These countries are
statutorily ineligible for continuing designation as Visa Waiver
Pilot Program countries. The Attorney General has recommended to
the Secretary of State that he join with INS in publishing a
regulation to remove these countries from the VWPP.
Difficulties
-~« t-v>A Anjup which causes problems to~ some ai.xeii
One feature of the vwrf wn1^ £~e requirement that the alien who
° • air or sea do so on
S
fee which the alien must pay.
There remain some procedural
s.3£ r
train to enter the United States.
Mditi—lly. the requirement that alien. »hoeeeK to
Meiers of the
Policies (OIAP) h a v e r p e ^ e "! t h ewlto their advantage. For
criminals and terrorists ^.^^^en may be a citizen of a
example, although an und e8irij>le all en .^ay ^p ^ could
country which does 5°tparticipate^n hiB citizens?lp ±
nonetheless use false doc^\" etO ^ averting the necessity of
a country which does ^^^^ states, and thereby avoiding
aex^sfonrin S
FISCAL YEAR 88
UNITED K1NOOOM 1.931,177 1.830.602 69.242 1,771.320 1,472,876 66,407 1,417,408 367.087 1.836 363,862
FISCAL YEAR 89
FRANCE 710.987 046.242 U9.996 666.247 610.698 86.288 426,410 134,644 4.707 129,837
GERMANY i 1,134.291 1.008.737 66,022 1.013.116 896,663 62.841 842.712 173,184 2,781 170.403
ITALV •' 409.019 376.610 38.007 330.849 296.982 37.217 268.706 79,634 1.460 78.084
JAPAN 2,988.064 2.790,731 1,649,004 1.241.127 2.470,677 1,497.086 978.962 814.094 61.919 202.176
NETHERLANDS 304.690 282.636 13.919 208.010 209.900 12,366 197,606 72.076 1.604 71.111
SWEDEN 284.317 200.939 11.484 286.466 207.458 10.329 197,127 69,4*3 1.166 68.328
SWITZERLAND 262.766 246.280 16.020 229,000 206.386 14.795 191.890 38.001 831 37.770
UNITED KJNODOM 2,368.906 2.242,194 003.929 1.678.206 1.809.238 029.127 1.240.111 372.960 34.802 338,164
VWPP COUNTRIES 0. 402.936 7.917.180 2.438.940 6.478.334 0.072.109 2.339.037 4.332.472 1.246,071 99.209 1.146,802
FISCAL YEAR 90
FRANCE 781,243 726,393 374.381 361.012 689,720 340.0O8 249.118 136.007 33.773 101,894
GERMANY 1,208,939 1.161.413 451,968 699,466 980,919 426,863 656.006 170,494 26,106 144.389
ITALY 439,076 410,267 220,738 189.619 334,726 204.649 130,177 75,631 10,189 69,342
JAPAN 3.301.20ft 3.166.086 2.369,920 795,106 2,844.673 2.241.193 003,380 310,612 118,727 191,786
NETHERLANDS 334.208 313,266 130.080 182,669 240,263 116.352 124,901 73.002 16,334 67.008
SWEDEN 300.069 289,090 137,807 161,889 230,916 120,694 104,321 68,781 11.213 47.608
SWITZERLAND 278.179 201,077 102.247 159,430 223.966 90,200 127.086 37.722 6.987 31,736
UMTED KINGDOM 2.493.909 2.371,800 1.024,161 1.347.709 1.989.641 968,464 1,031.087 382,319 06.097 310.622
VWPP COUNTRIES 9.203.477 8,078.030 4.801.888 3.870.748 7.434.008 4,608,803 2,926,746 1,244,028 283.026 961,003
VWPP COUHTRtC* 9.872.761 9,324.622 6.910.761 1.411.861 8.179.260 6.642.979 2.616.281 1,146.162 288.270 6O2.S88
FISCAL YEAR 92
ANDORRA 487 447 109 116 408 296 110 16 11 26
AUSTRIA 164.768 167.442 86,616 71.4O8 119.474 81.269 67.2O6 18.460 4.246 14.2O4
BELGIUM 161.261 164.223 80.862 72.410 122.966 71.840 49.126 10.406 7.122 21.284
DENMARK 117.79O 107,006 61.668 64.866 84.187 46.492 •7,686 22.127 6.167 17,160
FMLANO 102.778 94,629 66.076 16.090 79.214 61.170 27,844 14.962 4.706 10.246
FRANCE 866.461 811.797 682.469 227.681 681.847 626.702 166,146 126.121 66.787 71.616
| GERMANY 1.708.278 1.646.104 1.078.866 668.807 1,470.248 1.021.966 448.282 167.426 66.9OO 110.626
ICELAND 17.662 16.211 4,882 10.146 12.996 4.460 8.616 2.212 422 1.810
ITALY 644,321 618.748 46O.649 166,096 641.266 422.812 118.464 74.478 27.817 46.641
JAPAN 1,948,386 3.741,790 3,187,407 326,940 3,462,608 3,211.611 261.087 261.719 176.896 761,841
UECHTENSTEIN 942 884 322 666 757 304 463 121 18 101
LUXEMBOURG 9,989 9,626 4,213 6.373 8.357 4.012 4.346 1,229 201 1,028
MONACO 487 456 173 279 367 167 230 66 6 48
NETHERLANDS 400.172 381.193 242,651 137.018 304,891 212.930 91.961 74,680 29,621 46,067
NEW ZEALAND 162.943 147,222 67.209 89.342 126,960 64,218 72,742 19.691 2,991 10.600
NORWAY 118,130 104.386 47,219 66.884 81,268 42.191 J9.077 22.836 6.028 1 7,807
SAN MARINO 399 388 244 144 365 237 128 21 7 16
SPAIN 376.777 346,939 194,341 160,905 306,281 186,069 121.212 38,965 9.272 29,693
SWEDEN 292.126 274,098 161,982 111,298 222.793 146,912 76.881 60,487 16.070 36.417
SWITZERLAND 308.918 293.296 164,477 127,746 267.611 164.489 103,022 14,712 9.988 24.724
UNITED KINGDOM 2.989.186 2.873,362 1.726,367 1,134,626 2.482.167 1,614,439 867.718 378,726 111.918 266,808
VWPP COUNTRIES 12,386.631 11,780.267 8,377,904 3.339,838 10,386.960 7,864.688 2,631,262 1,331,792 623.216 1,484,576
TABLE 1. PAGE 2 Prapmt W O» «fto« tt tMp,
i
NONIMMIGRANT ARRIVALS OF NATIONALS OF VISA WAIVER PILOT COUNTRIES
FISCAL YEARS 1988 - 1992 FOR ALL DESIGNATED COUNTRIES
41,855,873 ,39,468,742 21,588,641 16,593,034 35,431,869 20,301,574 13,843,228 4,036,873 1,287,067 2,749,806
TOTAL NONIMMIGRANTS - Refers to the total number of nonimmigrants admitted in all classes of admission.
VWPP - Refera to nonimmigrant visitors admitted under Section 217 of the Immigration and Nationality Act.
WB - Refers to visitors for business admitted under Section 217.
WT - Refers to visitors for pleasure admitted under Section 217.
B1/B2 - Refers to nonimmigrant visitors admitted under Section 1 0 1 ( a ) ( 1 5 ) ( B ) of the Immigration and Nationality Act.
Bl - Refera to visitors for business admitted under Section 101.
B2 - Refera to visitors for pleasure admitted under Section 101.
MI MomMkon oMmd tram the Narv*rn*gnnl M«iratton ftyttmi IMS) TABLE 1, PAGE 3
NONIMMIGRANT MALA FIDE NATIONALS OF VISA WAIVER PILOT COUNTRIES
FISCAL YEAR 89
'FRAMCf 666 29 343 6 29 149
BWEDEN 126 8 87 2 4 24
SWITZERLAND 96 2 60 1 12 21
FISCAL YEAR 90
FRANCE 660 146 323 4 29 66
SWEDEN 160 37 98 1 3 11
8VMTZBUAND 104 17 74 1 3 8
RSCAL YEAR 91
141 331 4 26 36
FRANCE 630
273 273 0 28 30
oeUIAMY 010
440 260 141 0 24 16
ITALY
377 18 74 87
JAPAN 1231 076
110 100 7 7 13
NETHERLANDS 243
109 27 71 1 6 6
SWEDEN
43 63 1 4 12
SWITZERLAND 113
020 020 27 149 86
FISCAL YEAR 92
0 0 0 0 0
ANDORRA 04
71 24 S3 0 3 1
AUSTRIA
27 4O 2 4 6
BELGIUM 94
22 30 0 0 7
DENMARK 66
FINLAND 346 18 30 1 a 2
161 284 6 62 38
FRAMCC 632
242 230 341 11 61 28
GERMANY
234 1 6 0 6 1
ICELAND
631 197 199 22 30 12
ITALY
244 270 10 41 48
JAPAN i 244
0 0 0 1 0
LIECHTENSTEIN 2
0 0 2 0 0 0
LUXEMBOURG
0 0 0 0 0
MONACO 114
116 93 7 10 14
NETHERLANDS 189
21 62 4 10 18
NEW ZEALAND 260
10 234 1 3 0
NORWAY 10
0 0 0 0 0
SAN MARINO 143
4O 132 6 10 0
SPAIN 116
61 09 0 10 0
SWEDEN 103
33 49 1 7 2
SWITZERLAND 810
700 40 166 71
VWPP REFUSALS • Refer* to applicant! (of admiaeion under Section 217 ol the Immigration and Nationality Act who war* refuaed admlaaioa to the United State*.
VISA WITHDRAWALS/EXCLUDED • Refer* to appecant* for admiaeion under Section 101|e)(15)(BI of the Immgration and Nationality Act who ware not admitted to the United Statee.
DEPORTED • Refer* to alien* removed from the United State* under either Section 217 or 242 of the Immigraoon and Nationality Act.
REQUIRED DEPARTURES • Refer* to aliana directed to depart from the Untied Statee without an order of deportation. The departure may be voluntary or Involuntary and may or may not have
been preceded by a hearing before an Immigration Judge.
en Mennattoo»b«*ln»« 1mm *» H~r*,**v** WemudMi »y*«m INtS) TABLE 2. PAGE 1 PraooW by MM (Mtto* •UrayMtton. VSH*
NONIMMIGRANT OVERSTAYS OF NATIONALS OF VISA WAIVER PILOT COUNTRIES
TOTAL NON- TOTAL! OVERSTAYS
COUNTRY
IMMIGRANTS VISITORS
FISCAL YEAR 91
784.621 7.894
FRANCE 838.1O4
1.442.606 • 1.174.603 46
GERMANY
490.647 17.627
ITALY 618.316
3.422.668 1.2O6.tOO 0
JAPAN
173.172 362.104 • 33
NETHERLANDS
287.902 209.70 1,664
SWEDEN
276.978 1
SWITZERLAND 292.963
2.669.406 •.•76
UNTTED KMOOOM 2.M6.028
FISCAL YEAR 82
497 447 12
ANDORRA
164.768 167.442 6.M»
AUSTRIA
163.263 164.223 •22
SELOIUM
117,790 107.008 1.982
DENMARK
102.77« 94.62* 661
FINLAND
•66.463 • 11.797 11.011
FRANCE
1.708.279 1.646.104 7.832
OEXMANY
17.662 16.231 137
ICELAND
618.748 2O.179
ITALY 646.321
3,741.790 0.620
JAPAN 3.948.386
942 884 7
UECHTENSTEJN
9.989 9.626 66
LUXEMBOURO
487 460 12
MONACO
381.193 2.447
NETHERLANDS 400.372
162.943 147.222 1,434
NEW ZEALAND
118.130 104,386 1,761
NORWAY
388 8
SANMAMNO 399
340,939 4,458
SPAIN 376.777
274,098 4,746
SWEDEN 292,326
308.918 293,296 1,764
SWITZERLAND
2.873,362 12.236
UNITED KMOOOM 2.989.186
11,7«0,267 •3.764
VWPP COUNTRIES 12,386.633