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akapulko
ampalaya
bawang
bayabas
lagundi
niyog-niyogan
sambong
botanical origin
ontogeni c factors half woody, strongly aromatic shrub, densely and softly hairy, 1 to 4 m high simple, alternate, elliptic- to oblonglanceolate, 7 to 20 cm long, toothed at the margins, pointed or blunt at the tip, narrowing to a short petiole which are often auricled or appendage d up to 2.5 cm in erect, branched, annual herb, shallow rooted; up to 40 cm high, with very succulent stems prostrate, smooth, muchbranched, usually purplish, strongly aromatic herb
climbing vine
large climbing, woody shrub; up to 2 to 8 m in length; younger parts have brown hairs
leaves
pinnate and 40 to 60 cm long; each leaf has 16 to 28 leaflets, broad and rounded at the apex, with a small point at the tip
2.5 to 10 cm in diameter, cut nearly to the base into 5 to 7 lobes, oblong-ovate, variously toothed, and heart-shaped at the base
opposite, oblong to elliptic, and 5 to 10 cm long, the apex being pointed, and the base usually rounded
5-foliate, rarely with 3 leaflets only, and palmately arranged; leaflets are lanceolate, entire, 4 to 10 cm long, slightly hairy beneath, and pointed at both ends, the middle leaflets being larger than the others, and distinctly stalked
oblong to elliptic, opposite, 7 to 15 cm long, rounded at the base and pointed at the tip
in clusters on short branches, obovate to oblongobovate, 3 to 6 cm long, entire or somewhat toothed or lobed near the apex and pointed at the base, short stalked and rough on the upper surface
elliptic to oblongovate, 1.5 to 4 cm long, shortstalked with toothed margins, and rounded or blunt tipped
stems
reduced
young branches
round, often ~5 mm
up to 40 cm long,
are 4angled
diameter
roots
flowers
yellow, about 4 cm in diameter, at the axils of bracts; inflorescence s are terminal and at the axils of the leaves, in simple or panicled racemes
male flower is ~12 mm long, peduncled, with a rounded, green, and ~1 cm long bract approx. at the middle; female flower is yellow, ~15 mm long, longstalked with pair of small leaflike bracts at middle or toward base of stalk green, fleshy, oblong, cylindric, 15 to 25 cm long,
(bulb??) bulbs are broadly ovoid, 2 to 4 cm in diameter, consistin g of several, densely crowded, angular and truncated tubers umbels are globose, many flowered; sepals are oblong, greenish white, slightly tinged with purple; stamens are not exerted from the perianth
peduncles are 1- to 3flowered; white, 3 to 3.5 cm across, with incurved petals, coming out solitary or two to three in the leaf axils; numerous stamens inferior ovaries develop into round
numerous, blue to lavender, 6 to 7 mm long; terminal inflorescence (panicles) 10 to 20 cm long; calyx is hairy, and 5toothed; corolla is densely hairy, and the middle lobe of lower lip is longest succulent drupe, globose, black when
fragrant, tubular, showy, first white, then becoming red, reddish-purple or orange, exhibiting the range of colors in clusters, on the same flower stalk
peripheral flowers are tiny, more numerous, with tubular corolla; central flowers are few, large with campanulat e corolla
fruits
white, small, axillary, solitary, 2 or 4 on a common stalk, borne in inflorescence s shorter than the leaves; calyx are green, somewhat hairy, and linear, ~5 to 6 mm long; corolla is white, 5 mm long, and divided into oblong lobes drupe, rounded, yellow when ripe, 4 to 5
hairy and purplish to bluish, borne in axillary headlike whorls; calyx teeth are triangular or lanceolate and hairy; corolla is hairy
pointed at both ends, ribbed and wrinkled, bursting when mature to release seeds (cultivated); ovoid, ~2 to 4 cm long (wild)
or obovoid green fruits 4 to 9 cm long, turning yellow on ripening; have edible, aromatic, seedy pulp
mm in diameter, fleshy, with a 4-seeded stone, fleshy on the outer part, and stony inside
seeds
oblong, compressed 10 to 13 mm long, corrugated on the margins leaves, seeds, and flowers leaves, roots, and fruits bulbs leaves, bark, fruit, flowers, and roots leaves, bark, roots, and seeds
part/s used
leaves