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KADAMBINI—A VEDIC SCIENCE OF
RAIN FORECASTING
Dr Ram Gopal, UGC Visiting Professor,
JNV University, Jodhpur and
President, WAVES, Ju-Bkn Chapter
A-66, Krishna Nagar, Pali Road, Jodhpur-342005
e-mail:drramgopal@sify.com
Kadambini, a line of clouds (Meghmala) is a
Nimitta (cause) for infering the rainfall. Vedic
literature states proficiency in the five auxiliary
sciences – Jyautisa, Lok, Alekhya, Miti and
Bhuvankosa is the basis of weather prediction.
The person well versed in the Nimattasastra
having the eye of Nimittajnana becomes three-
eyed master like Siva and he is venerated as an
expert of rain forecasting and water divining.
Kadambini written by Vidyavachaspati Pt.
Madhusudan Ojha is a scripture of Nimittas, which
showers the Nimittas pertaining to rainfall.
According to modern science sun causes (Nimittas)
the evaporation of water forming rain clouds, which
shower water in low pressure zones predicted by
a complex weather forecasting model not having
high confidence level. It is to be noted that
Kadambini describes the ancient meteorological
process of rainfall applied to the conceiving and
delivery of child. The sky- woman holds the
embryo of rainfall conceived by the sun-rays and
delivery of rain child occurs after eight months. This
delivery period of rainfall is called rainy season or
Chaturmasya.
The ancient meteorological wisdom of India has
been preserved from generation to generation in
regional languages besides in Vedic literature. This
Vedic Weather Science and the agricultural and
meteorological sayings with couplets will be
discussed in this paper. Modern meteorology
conceived by western scientists not having cent
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percent confidence level is not complete in itself.
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The ancient weather science abandoned by most
of the traditional astrologers and astronomers
needs to be revived. A golden triangle consisting
jyotisa, meteorology and modern science can
encompass rain gods Indra and Varuna to bestow
their blessings as Jala-Jeevnam to humanity.
PAPER - 2
THE VEDIC CONFESSION
Dr. Lollah G.K. Murthy, Ex Director,
Nuclear Power Corporation.
A2, Banganga Society, Govandi, Mumbai 400088.
It is natural for every thinking individual to feel
inadequate and guilty for commissions and
omissions in the process of living. One feels the
desperate need to unburden ones mind. The
easiest channel one finds is to look for some
sympathetic listener. Christianity has formalized the
‘confession’ through the church. The pastor acts as
the receptor medium.
Most of the Hindus do not seem to realize that the
Sandhyavandana in the Yajurveda starts with a
hymn- The Jalapaana Mantra- where the
confession is glorified to a daily prayer of
purification to the very source of the dynamis of
life, Surya and Agni. This paper brings out the
intensity of devotion behind this Vedic confession
which pervades ones overall personality and
existence. Also it shows that there is no need for
an intermediary for establishing communion with
the manifested form of God in creation.
PAPER - 3
VISHWAKARMA : THE SCIENTIST
AND TECHNICIAN OF THE UNIVERSE
Dr. Jyoti Joshi, M.A. (Sanskrit), Ph.D
14-A, Natraj Nagar, JAIPUR 302015
Vishwakarma is referred in the Rig-Veda as the
personification of all creative powers and the
architect of the universe. He is the scientist as well
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as technician. He is also called as Prajapati. He
created all formulas and technical equipments. His
work is based on science and scientific outlook.
He is known as the architect, technician and artisan
for the gods. He created the universe including the
earth and perfected the science of sthapatya -
architecture. He is the master of all Arts and
Crafts. He is known as creator of various
handicrafts such as of carpentry. He created all the
weapons for gods. Vishwakarma is the maker of
celestial chariots and designed aircrafts. He
designed divine ornaments, which have different
powers. Vishwakarma was the one who molded
the image of Jagannath and shaped the island of
Lanka. His son Nala –the architect, constructed
the bridge that enabled Rama to cross from India
to Lanka to win over Ravana.
According to Puranas, Vishwakrama, through the
union with divine nymph Ghritachi, was the
progenitor of many castes who specialized in
different technical works. He was the father of
daughter Samjna, wife of Surya (Sun) and in order
to protect her from being consumed by the fiery
effulgence of her husband, he trimmed the Sun’s
orb, for making various weapons with the portions
cut of. Vishwakarma is associated with Tvashtri,
the creator and shaper of all things-celestial and
terrestrial, human and divine, animate and
inanimate. He made the vajra (Thunderbolt) of
Indra as well created weapons having atomic
powers. He made the infernal assembly hall of
Yama and the heaven of Varuna. Vishwakarma‘s
three headed son, Vishvarupa was creator,
scientist and technologist who was slain by Indra.
Vishwakarma is known as Vidhatri, (creator),
Karu (workman), takshaka (carver) and Trigiras
(three-headed). We can see that these three
actions are the base of any creation. Even today a
technologist needs the skills of workmen.
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Generally all deities are treated as part of
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mythology. But if we study these characters
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scientifically we find that Vishwakarma was the
scientist and the technologist. There is a need to
analyze the sutras and stories in scientific way.
When we see the popular image of Vishvakarma
is depicted as a very senior deity. He has
moustache and beard. Around his chairs orbit we
see all instruments of creation.
PAPER - 4
METHODOLOGY OF VEDIC STUDIES –
TRADITIONAL LINGUISTICS V/S
HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS AND
HERMENEUTIC SCIENCES APPROACH
(A STUDY WITH REFERENCE TO VYASA SHIKSHA)
Dr.B.V. Venkatakrishna Sastry,
Professor of Hinduism
Hindu University of America, USA
Vyasa-shiksha is a ‘shiksha-shastra’ work which
explains about the linguistic methodology related to
the understanding of the Vedic texts. The text is in
poetic form, having 263 slokas, distributed in to
twenty eight sections. There are more than three
hundred illustrations in the text, distributed in each
section; the illustrations indicated in the traditional
style of indicative words only. The elaboration of
this needs the help of traditional scholars and the
voice recitation illustration to clearly understand the
rule and the point made. ‘Vyasa’ is a celebrated
name connected with the classification of Vedas
and allied disciplines. ‘Vyasa tradition’ is also
associated with the ‘Bramha sutra’, ‘Mimaamsaa
sutra’, and a number of works which help to
amplify the meaning of the Vedas. This is
understandable as ‘Shiksha’ works are considered
as ‘Vedanga’. This paper is an effort to highlight
some salient points that help to point out the merits
of the tradition of Vedic studies in tune with the
shiksha shastras, distinct from the proto language
and modern linguistics approach on the basis of the
work ‘Vyasa Shiksha’.
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BALANCE IN MATERIAL AND
SPIRITUAL ASPECTS OF HUMAN LIFE
- AN ESSENCE OF VEDIC THOUGHT
Professor Shashi Tiwari
Faculty, University of Delhi, New Delhi
& Secretary, WAVES, India Branch
Today for progress of human society only material
aspects are emphasized and spiritual aspects are
sidetracked. Generally it is regarded that spiritual
living is non-material and material living is non-
spiritual. But according to Vedic and ancient Indian
traditional view, material living and spiritual living
are complementary, not competitive. Vedic outlook
emphasizes complementary relation between
material and spiritual aspects of human living. It
conceives of a balance in material aspects(Artha
and Kama) and ethical–spiritual aspects (Dharma
and Moksha) in life. Actually it is the twin force of
Dharma and Moksha, the balancing forces, which
results inner harmony.
Balance can be restored in the society also, if it is
without class because clashes are generated by
class-interests. The Vedas teach about the equality
of all beings, not only of human beings and that
understanding is possible only with the spiritual
thinking of oneness of all. Thus the balanced
approach of the Vedic intellectual tradition is
relevant to lead a noble, happy and successful life
in this world.
PAPER - 6
VEDIC SOUL AND MODERN PHYSICS
Dr. Shantilal G. Goradia
Gravity Research Institute, Inc.,3003
Royal Huntsman Court
South Bend, Indiana 46637 USA
http://www.gravityresearchinstitute.org
Implications of Einstein’s theory of general relativity
and quantum physics lead to the existence of
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countless quantum wormholes. I derive coupling
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constants by postulating such wormholes attached
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to each particle. I point out many similarities
between these wormholes and the Vedic
description of soul (anu-atma). The quantum
wormholes bridge the cosmic non-zero time that
never stops with normal spacetime. They cannot be
probed (destroyed) with available energy. Bhagavat
Gita Chapter 2, verses16 through 20 describe all
souls as eternal (satah), imperishable (avinasi),
immeasurable (aprameyasa), one that is never
killed (na hanyate), and one that is never born or
dies (na jayate mriyate va) respectively. These
similarities may link modern physics with Vedic
descriptions. Scientists attribute at least some of the
uncertainty to quantum wormholes; potentially
opening the door to our understanding the way
God plays dice.
PAPER - 7
DEMYSTIFYING VEDIC
SQUARING SUTRA
Dr. Gudagudi & Mr. Vinod Gudagudi &
Mr. Chandra Mohan Umapathy
# 660/B, Ranganathpur, Magadi Road,
Bangalore:560079.
This paper proposes mathematical proof and logic
behind the Vedic squaring sutra. The paper also
generalises the result for any arbitrary number. This
paper proposes a novel architecture for modular,
scalable and reusable hybrid squaring circuit based
on Vedic Sutra. The architecture is mapped into
the hardware platform, particularly to ASIC
(Application Specific Integrated Circuit).
Comparison is made between different
implementations of squaring circuit. The paper
gives the benchmarking results against the current
day, Industry standard architectures. The
implementation results show a significant
improvement in performance in terms of area,
power & timing.
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MESSAGE OF THE VEDAS
Shri Mohit Shukla
40/52, Deputy Raghubar Dayal Lane, Narhi, Lucknow
India’s Culture is based on the Vedas. Vedas
consider the universe or the world as the biggest
family. Thus the world peace could be obtained
only through the spread of pure Vedic culture. The
Vedas are the only rays of hope for the world. This
knowledge come first of all, from them. The Vedic
culture or knowledge of Vedas teach us:-
(i) What is peace and way to attain this peace.
(ii) The Vedas declare that there should be co-
ordination and co-operation between soul and the
limbs of the body. (iii) Religion and politics should
not be separated. They should go hand in hand.
(iv) Vedas declare the whole wealth belongs to the
lord of creation.
PAPER - 9
AN ‘INTELLIGENT’ MACHINE?
Shri S.N. Balasubrahmanyam
“Sarasakshetra”, Machohalli, Bapagram PO.
Bangalore 560 091
This paper examines the question with which the
Kenopanishad (the ”By Whom” Upanishad)
begins: “keneshitam patati preshitam manaha?”
“By whom directed and cast does (the net of) the
mind fall?” The implied answer seems to be that
what is now called “Artificial Intelligence” has
fundamentally contradictory terms and that
‘consciousness’ cannot be defined, let alone be
created.
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PAPER - 10
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INDUS-SARASVATI CIVILIZATION:
MUCH OLDER AND BEYOND SINDH
& PUNJAB
Professor Jagat K. Motwani, Ph.D.
Dixhills, NY-11 246, USA
The recent archeological explorations have
confirmed, beyond any doubt, that the Indus-
Sarasvati-like civilization enveloped whole India,
Pakistan, Baluchistan, Afghanistan touching the
borders of Iran, dating from 7500 to 2500 B.C.
Pakistan, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, and Iran were
parts of the ancient Aryavrata. Indus-like
civilization is about 9500 years old, 5000 years
older than many historians think. Sir John Marshal
suggests the beginning of the Indus cities,
Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa, in 3250 B.C. and
Sir Mortimer Wheeler in 2500 B.C. Keynoyer
(1998:24), tracing the General Chronology of
South Asia, chronicles the Indus Valley tradition
and the Post-Indus/the Indo-Gangetic Tradition
from 6500 B.C. to 1900 B.C. According to the
Harappa Website, ‘www.harappa.com’, Indus
Valley-like remnants have been discovered at
Daimabad in Maharashtra near Mumbai, Gulf of
Cambay in Gujarat, beyond Delhi in Uttar Pradesh
State, Chitaldrug in Mysore, up north until the
Himalayas, northern Afghanistan, some sites on the
Arabian Sea coast, and Satkagen in Baluchistan
right next to the Iranian border. The remains, found
underwater in the Gulf of Cambay in May 2001,
have been described as “a huge lost city,” carbon
dated as about 9,500-year old, more than 5000
years older than the Indus civilization. Excavations
at about 3000 sites around Mehrghar – in the
Bolan Pass, Baluchistan – tell the story of the
evolution and development of the Indus-Sarasvati
civilization. The remains found there date 7500
B.C. Hancock (2002:171) considers mountainous
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regions of Baluchistan as the ‘nuclear zone’ which,
he thinks, “gave birth to a very long succession of
cultures starting from the aceramic Neolithic,
datable to the 8th millennium BC, to the beginning
of the Indus-Sarasvati Civilization in the mid 4th
millennium.
PAPER - 11
MARRIAGE CEREMONY AND ITS
SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS—
ACCORDING TO THE VEDAS
Dr. Ram Sumer Yadav
Sr. Lecturer, Sanskrit Department, Govt. P.G. College,
Uttarkashin, Uttaranchal-249193
In the Tenth Mandala of Rigveda and in the
fourteenth Kanda of Atharvaveda, importance of
marriage ceremony is described. Rules and
regulations of marriage are also explained there. No
doubt emphasis is laid down on the harmonious
relationship between husband and wife. The main
purpose of marriage is accordingly extension of
family, so purity in the healthy relationship is desired.
The scientific background of marriage sanskara is
described in this paper (IN HINDI).
PAPER - 12
SYNTHESIS OF VEDIC AND
SCIENTIFIC COSMOLOGY
Dr. Krishna Prakash Tripathi
157 Bagharnbari Yojana, Allahabad U P 211006
Cosmology is defined as the science of the large-
scale structure of the universe. The Vedic
cosmology is a philosophical theory regarding the
cycle of creation from supreme consciousness to
matter and from matter to supreme consciousness
. It deals with the creation of the cosmic mind, the
microvita and origin- evolution-future of matter,
individual minds and life .There is an important
input from the Tantra to this school .The scientific
cosmology is a developing inter-disciplinary
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science regarding origin -evolution -future of matter
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and life. Astronomy, Physics , Mathematics ,
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Statistics, Chemistry and Biology provide important
input to this school . An intensive synthesis of both
schools unravels the secrets regarding ultimate
reality, origin- evolution- future of physical
universe, origin-evolution of individual minds, life
and species etc. and opens new vistas for further
research.
PAPER - 13
PLANT PATHOLOGY IN
VRIKSHA-AYURVEDA
Dr. P.K. Mishra
Professor, Deptt. of Botany, Vinoba Bhave University,
Hazaribag, Jharkhand F-2 , Ganpati Apartment,
Saraidhela, Dhanbad – 828127
Protection of crops and other plants of economic
importance from diseases and pests has always
been a major task for botanists and agriculturists.
Although various fungicides, pesticides, herbicides
and insecticides are available now days, their use
is not free from harmful effects. Recent studies
have conclusively proved that use of these organic
chemicals not only affects our environment but it
enters into the food chain and ultimately affect
human health even. It is, therefore, suggested now
a day that such chemicals should not be used at
all. In the backdrop of these developments,
prescriptions of Vriksha-ayurveda can prove to be
a boon for farmers and plant growers.
Vrikshayrveda is an ancient and relatively lesser-
known literature, which deals with treatment of
plant-diseases by utilizing natural materials only.
According to this ancient science most of plant
diseases are because of disturbance in three
constituents of living body – vaat, pitt and cough.
So correcting these elements can cure the plant
diseases. Several recommendation have also been
made which mainly involve use of plant parts as
decoction for treatment of diseases. There is
reference of a liquid manure known as kunapa jal
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which is made of cow urine, cow milk, cow dunk technological study may provide answer to
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and juice of some plant parts. This kunapa jal is questions like why and how tools were made?
said to be highly effective in improving growth and Why innovations were made in technology? What
vigour of plants. The paper deals with some highly technological developments brought about changes
interesting and practical recommendations of in economic, social and cultural milieu in time and
Virksha-ayurveda which needs attention of modern space and vice-versa? The study of the
scientists. In the present era of environmental development of stone tools in particular becomes
problems and ever increasing stress on organic most significant in the light of the fact that 99.5
farming, such ancient sciences can prove to be a percent of the history of man is documented and
better option. reflected by stone artifacts. Organic material being
PAPER - 14
perishable, stone artifacts become the primary
fossil records and source of inferences concerning
COGITATING EARLY HUMAN
man’s cognition, activities and behaviour, which
COGNITION
constitute the elements of cultures and tradition.
Dr. Prakash Sinha Stone tools and other associated artifacts are thus
Reader, Department of Ancient History, Culture &
Archaeology, University of Allahabad the only source of information the earliest and
incipient, though primitive, state of science, culture
Cognitive archaeology or Cognitive-processual
and consciousness. Phenotype characteristics result
archaeology is recent approach (Renfrew, 1994).
from the interaction of nature (genotype) and
The development of human behaviour is not
nurture (environment). Hence hereditary and
unilateral rather multi-structural and multilateral in
environment interact to form personality and
time and space. Brookfield (1969) rightly said “We
common characteristics may be shared by many
cannot pretend to understand man on the earth
people, which ultimately form a pattern. The study
without some knowledge of what is in the mind of
reveals that the brain works by extracting patterns
man”. One of the most taxing problems in
of information from the senses and setting up
archaeology is to determine about what and in
models of what it thinks the world like and these
what manner did prehistoric people think. Testable
models are continually updated. No substantial
theories, both in archaeology and history, can only
change in environment and technology for a
highlight some features of thinking without revealing
considerable time would perhaps involve more
precise thoughts. Archaeology is rooted in
inter-action (better understanding) between actor
cognition. The material objects (and the
with his repertoire and environment. Actor may try
relationships between them), which make up the
to enhance the efficiency of his technology for
excavated data, reflect direct or indirect
better cultural system. However, information
consequences of intelligent behaviour. Archaeology
through cognitive filter give rise to perception and
can provide two bodies of information relevant to
decision-making and finally into
the understanding of the evolution of human
adaptation and pattern.
cognition—the timing of developments, and the
evolutionary context of these developments. The
challenge is methodological. Archaeology must
document attributes that have direct implications for

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underlying cognitive mechanisms. Cogitation of
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SCIENTIFIC EVOLUTION OF
THE MANUSMRITI
Dr. Ruchi Kulshrestha, Lecturer in Sanskrit
R.C.A. Girls P.G. College, Mathura, U.P.
The Manusmriti is an ancient scripture of Indian
religious values but its concepts are totally scientific
through which we can learn a lot—How to live,
how to work and how to behave in the society.
Basically, the science is that which is based on
working process. The Manusmriti classifies the
society on work-basis—The Brahmana, The
Kshatriya, The Vaishya and the Shudra. The
Brahmana means the person of intellectual work.,
the Kshatriya works for safety. The Vaishya
works for nourishment and the Shudra works for
service of the society. In the same way, our body
works in four parts but all parts are united for the
welfare of the Self. The Manusmriti has defined
the rules and regulations to maintain a good healthy
life. If a man follows the guidelines of Manusmriti,
he can use his capacity and abilities for the growth
of his personality (IN HINDI).
PAPER - 16
ETYMOLOGICAL AWARENESS IN
THE BRAHMANAS
Dr. Shri K.A. Ravindran, Lecturer
SS University of Sanskrit, Kalady, Kerala
Brahmanas, in general, deal with the application of
the Mantras of the Samhita part of Vedas. They
are adhered to Karmakanda portion. Performance
has been given more importance than thinking in
Brahmana texts. Their main purport is to give
etymology, application, use, basis and injunction of
a Mantra found in the Samhita portion. Further,
they are concerned with the elucidation of a
particular sacrifice. The amplification of rituals done
in these texts helps one to understand the sacrificial
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formula in detail. Besides describing the sacrifices
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of different modes, they deal with mythology,
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history and allegory. They contain linguistic and
philosophical aspects as well and show variety of
verbal forms, which marks the transition period
between the language of Rigveda and later classical
Sanskirt literature. They provide primary material
for the evolution, study and development of prose
style. Again in these works one can meet with old
legends, which will provide valuable evidence for
the study of history of primitive human culture.
Regarding etymological awareness of words,
Brahmanas play a remarkable role. They discuss
the meaning of words used in Vedic treatises, give
perceptions of their application, relate stories of
their origin in connection with that of sacrificial rites
and explain the secret meaning of the Vedic hymns.
They are very much helpful as far as linguistic,
religious and social studies are concerned. Purpose
of etymology, as far as Brahmanas are concerned,
seems to elucidate the concept of particular
sacrifice. The words are amplified for their proper
comprehension so that the sacrifice may be
flawless and unerring. The purpose of
etymology may also be to show the semantic
importance of a word.
PAPER - 17
BHAGAVADGITA AND STRESS
MANAGEMENT
Swami Swaroopananda
Sivanand Satsang Bhavan
21/70, Pechi Amman, Pedithurai, Madurai-625001 and
Sivanandashram, Rishikesh, U.P.
Bhagavadgita, the scripture par excellence and the
essence of Veda and Upanishads, is applicable to
people of all countries of all times, irrespective of
colour, caste or creed. It is unique in the sense that
it was born in a battle field - the battle field of
Kurukshetra, which was also Dharmakshetra.
The philosophy of Bhagavadgita basically aims at
converting Kurukshetra (the field of action full of
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stress and tension) into Dharmakshetra, (the field
of peace and bliss). These are the first two words
of the first Chapter Arjuna Vishada Yoga of
Bhagavadgita, summarising the whole teachings of
this great scripture.
This is Kali Yuga, the Iron Age, the fourth, and
the last of the Chaturyugas, where the cow of
Dharma, it is said, stands on only one leg. This is
the age of maximum contradictions, chaos, and
confusions. Every place will appear like a battle
field, whether it is home or parliament., where the
fight between right and wrong, good and bad,
Dharma and Adharma is continuously taking place.
Nobody is having peace of mind. Everyone
reports ‘the whole atmosphere is polluted and
corrupted’. Is it possible to be free from stress
and tension under such conditions today? Yes it is
Possible- says Bhagavadgita emphatically. How?
The Yoga of synthesis as given by Lord Krishna is
the answer. So Bhagavadgita is a textbook for the
whole humanity to overcome stress. Arjuna is the
representative of all of us, who are subjected to
various kinds of stress amidst our daily duties. If
we follow the teachings of Gita in our day to day
life, our life tomorrow will be definitely better than
today.
Before the beginning of the Mahabharata war,
Arjuna suddenly broke down due to moha or
delusion, not knowing what to do and lord Krishna
,as a Master psychologist, studied his mind well
and applied proper treatment and after hearing
Bhagavan’s soothing words, Arjuna regained his
consciousness and stood up. He fought bravely
and became victorious. Therefore Arjuna become
a Yogi” said Bhagvan Sir Krishna. Yoga is defined
in many ways by the Lord in Bhagavadgita : 1.
Yoga is skill in action (Ch. II-50 )
2. Evenness of mind is Yoga (Ch. II-48 ) 3. Yoga
removes pain (Ch. Vl-17 ) and so on. In a
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nutshell Yoga is the golden medium path. The
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essence of Gita as a means of overcoming stress
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in our daily life is given by the Himalayan saint,
H.H.Sri Swami Sivananda, of Rishikesh in his
following beautiful song—
Eat a little. Drink a little, Talk a little.
Sleep a little.
Mix a little. Move a little, Serve a little,
Rest a little.
Do Asan a little, Pranayam a little, Reflect
a little, Meditate a little.
Do japa a little, Do kirtan a little, Write
mantra a little, Have satsang a little.
This is the Sampoorna Yoga of Gita to
overcome stress.
PAPER - 18
STATUS OF VEDIC WOMAN
Dr. Thakurdutt Joshi, Former Reader
J.N.V. University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan
The woman, her status and importance are
discussed variously in Indian literature. But Vedic
literature reflects her status very highly in all forms.
She was regarded virtuous in family and also in the
society. She was respected by all. In Vedic period,
she had her own right for selection of her husband.
Women were mostly educated. Some of them are
even known as ‘Rishikas’ of the Vedic hymns. This
paper reveals glorious status of Indian woman
depicted in the Vedas (IN HINDI).
PAPER - 19
COSMOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS BY
VEDIC RISHIS—A SCIENTIFIC
CONTRIBUTION OF INDIAN
CIVILIZATION
Dr Brahma Ram Chowdhary,
Mrs. Priyanka Singh, M.A Sanskrit &
Dr. Alok Choudhary, M.D., Bikaner
The origin of Brahmanda-Universe, Prithvi-Earth,
Nakshtra-Planets, Surya-Sun, Galaxies-Tara
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Mandala and other celetial bodies in cosmos is
from one source. Vedic Rishis started the
observation and said that smallest dense Apah-
partiele. Now modern scientist termed it ‘ylem’.
The birth of our cosmos is swambhu-self-evolved
according to the Vedic-thinkers. On the other
hand, the modern physicists and astronomers
expressed the hypothesis of Big-bang about 20
billion years ago. In this Ananta—infinite world
everything is changing and Rishis called it Lila—
play of nature that is action and reaction of natural
bodies and everything is perishable—Nashward.
This paper deals with the scientific contribution of
Indian civilization in the field of cosmology.
PAPER - 20
SCIENCE, CONSCIOUSNESS AND THE
VEDIC HERITAGE IN
RABINDRANATH TAGORE’S
CONGREGATIONAL ADDRESSES
Dr. Sitansu Ray , Retired Professor
Department of Tagore-Music, Visva-Bharati
University, Shantiniketan
Having been brought up in an atmosphere of the
revival of Vedic culture, Rabindranath Tagore had
a profound insight in the Vedas and Upanishads as
revealed in his devotional songs, poems and
especially in his congregational addresses
(anthology entitled Santiniketan Vol. I and II).
This paper is an attempt at exposing to the
audience Tagore’s scientific-cum-spiritual realization
of the wonder of the whole creation as well as the
mystery of the human consciousness.
PAPER - 21
VEDIC TRADITIONS IN REFERENCE
TO RAMAYANA
Dr. Yagya Prasad Tiwari,Professor
P.G. Department of Hindi and Research Centre,
Govt. P.G. College, Shahdol-484001 (M.P.)
In Ramayana, we find post Vedic culture,
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behaviour, philosophy and life style, as well as
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many other valuable characteristics related to the
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universal social values to develop the love for
knowledge and humanity. These values are
important for cultural and social life of a person.
The important factor is motivation to people
regarding equality, sovereignty, friendship,
brotherhood and universality. In this connection the
cultural concepts emphasized by Maharshi Valmiki
have impact of Vedas. In Ramayana Maharshi has
described world-oriented structure of Society. By
his analysis there is no existence of differences
regarding classes and living standard in the society.
Nishad becomes friend of Lord Ram due to his
morality and justified devotion. Scholars say that
Ramayana appeared as a Dharmshastra to
illuminate the society for political consciousness
and spiritual life style, with the concept of Vedic
traditions and customs. It is also true that this epic
is a musical form of Vedic philosophy to preach
the ritual and moral behaviour for mankind. The
Hero of this classic epic, Lord Ram is an ideal
man and representative of Virtues. In this research
paper I shall describe about the universal social
values and Vedic traditions in reference to
Ramayana. Some points are given hereby to submit
this approach :-
(1) Importance of Vishwabandhutva and its
worldwide effect.
(2) Importance of universality in the light of
Ramayana and Vedas.
(3) Building of national character and ethical
concept of a person and society.
PAPER - 22
THE GODDESS ARANYANI IN
THE RIGVEDA
Mrs. Bulbul Devi
Regional Research Laboratory, Jorhat-785006 (Assam).
Indian religion and culture have their roots in the
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hymns of the Rigveda. Besides the higher gods of
the Veda like Agni, Vayu, Indra, minor divinity play
a major role in the evolution of basic concept of
Vedic mythology. Aranyani is also regarded as a
minor divinity in the Rigveda. She is referred to in
one hymn of the Rgveda (R.V: X. 146). She is the
tutelary goddess of the forest and wilderness. The
seer Devamuni poetically portrays, her as the lady
of the woods here. A beautiful picture of the forest
is drawn in this hymn. Here she is called the
mother of beasts, abounding in food without tillage.
It can be easily understood that very little is said
about the forest deity in the Rigveda as a whole.
It is quite clear from the material at hand that belief
in the deities of this type was present even during
the Vedic period, because almost all the deities of
lower rank appear to be most closely connected
with human life.
PAPER - 23
CHEMISTRY IN VEDIC LITERATURE
Shri Dipankor Sarma Neog
Regional Research Laboratory, Jorhat- 785006 (Assam)
Chemistry is the branch of science. A deep and
investigation insight into the ancient Sanskrit works
reveals that solution to a lot of problems related to
science is hidden in it. Sometimes they have been
dealt with directly and some times indirectly or in
a symbolic language. The beginning of the science
of chemistry in India can be traced to ancient
times. Chemical processes were first utilized in
practical arts such as the manufacture of decorated
earthenware, burnt brick, glass beads. In Rigveda
there is mention of gold, silver, copper and bronze.
The Yajurveda speaks of lead and tin among other
metals. Gold, according to Atharvaveda (XIX.26)
was regarded as an effective agent for the
prolongation of life. The post Vedic period
chemistry was closely associated with medicine.
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The Samkhya- Patanjala, system of philosophy
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dealing with the process of cosmic evolution gives
an account of the origin of the five elements. Earth
(Ksiti), water (Apah), fire (Tejas), air (Vayu), and
space or ether (Akasa). This concept of Five
elements as the basis of the material universes
occur in the Aranyakas and the Upanisads. For
instance, earth, water and air may be viewed as
comprising all the elements or compounds of
chemistry in the solid, liquid, and gaseous states
respectively. According to Samkhya, these
elementary substances consist of ultimate units
called Anus (atoms), which are made up of infra-
atomic particles known as Tanmatras. It admits
that the properties of each of the Pancabhutas
with the grouping of Tanmatras in the atoms of
each. An attempt has been made in this paper to
bring light on the scientific significance of chemistry
in the Vedic literature.
PAPER - 24
HUMAN VALUES AND
AGRICULTURE— IN REFERENCE TO
VEDIC PERIOD
Dr.B.S. Dhurve, Former Professor
Pt. Sambhushukla Govt. P.G. College, Sahadol, M.P.
India gives importance to agriculture from the very
beginning. The Vedas present techniques and basic
nature of agriculture during those days. Even
present form of Indian agriculture is somehow its
developed form. But now cultural and ethical
aspects, which were woven in the Vedic
agriculture, are lacking behind. Their synthesis is
essential for the upliftment of our society. This
paper deals with this aspect in global perspective.
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YOGA THERAPY IN THE
UPANISHADS
Dr. Indu lata Das, Joint Coordinator
National Sanskrit Project, NCERT, New Delhi
Yoga is one of the greatest sciences that India has
gifted to the world. Yoga is the systematic
development of one’s physical, mental and spiritual
potentials resulting in a permanent cessation of all
kinds of sufferings and a complete transformation
of one’s total personality. Yoga finds mention in
various principal and minor Upanishads. Various
aspects of Yoga have been discussed in detail
especially in minor Upanishads. Eradication of
various physical and mental maladies through Yogic
practices finds special mention in a few
Upanisads—Asana, Pranayana, Pratyahara
etc. ensure a perfectly healthy body and a
competent mind.
PAPER - 26
ON ANCIENT NUMERALS
Dr. Arun Prasad Burnwal
Deptt. of Mathematics, B.I.T., Sindri, Dhanbad,
Jharkhand, 828 123
Numerous written signs, symbols & rules are used
to depict a number and the number system. The
word numerals stand for notations for the number
system. Numerals are used for the number system,
represented by dot, vertical & horizontal strokes,
curves, wavy symbol, other graphic primitives etc.
Indian mathematics has strongly influenced the
world. The greatest contribution of ancient Indian
mathematician was the invention of numerals. In
different periods of civilization different numerals
were used for the same purpose. This paper
describes an overview on various numerals such as
Brahmi, Babylonian & Kharosthi.
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PAPER - 27
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SHODASHA SANSKAARA OR
SCIENTIFICALLY DESIGNED
“SIXTEEN (VEDIC) CULTIVATIONS”
FOR HAPPY-HEALTHY-CONTENTED-
CULTURED HUMAN ENDEAVORS
Dr. K.S. Ramaa,
Govt. Degree College, Chamarajapet, Bangalore
and
Professor D. B. Ghare
BEST (Biomedical Electronic Sensors and Transducers)
Laboratory, E.C.E. Department, Indian Institute of
Science, Bangalore- 560012, ghare@ece.iisc.ernet.in
A human child “As Born” is a helpless, almost
immobile, weak, crying, mannerless, pitiable Living
entity which is totally dependent, on his parents
(or any other grown up guardian/s) for it’s food,
shelter, clothes and survival. However, with time
and age, the ‘human baby’ slowly grows up in
height, weight & strength, and first becomes an
adamant youth (thinking – imagining himself to be
the best and exemplary species in this world ), and
then again gets deteriorated into a helpless old man
(or woman) before his death and disappearance
from the World. The world in his neighborhood is
described as Xurasya Dhaaraa or the Sharp
Edge of a Sword and one’s Life Experience is
comparable to walking on this Razor Blade. He
can get (mentally and or bodily) hurt, contact
decease/s, attacked by enemies (most dangers
amongst them being his fellow Human beings) and
get demolished (or at least horrified, grieved,
saddened etc.) long before his/her natural end of
the Life Span.
The “Sixteen Sanskaaraa’s” have been devised by
the Vedic Sages, in order to make his life “Least
miserable” and “Enjoyable”. A Human being
becomes “Civilised” or ‘Cultured’ by the
cultivations of behavioral patterns received and
absorbed by him from his atmosphere.
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Sanskaaren’a Susanskruta personality can live
better, longer and happier. The Vedic S’hodasha
Sanskaara methodology, is designed to achieve
this goal, in the spirit of “Sarve Janaa: Sukhino
Bhavantu and Shaanti: Pushti: Tushti: Cha
Astu”. This Lecture will be a brief entourage
through these sixteen cultivation from this angle.
PAPER - 28
BIOMEDICALLY SIGNIFICANT
INFORMATION CONTENTS OF
SARASVATEE RAHASYOPANISHAD
Dr. M.K. Shridhara
Hindu University, Orlando, USA
and
Professor D.B. Ghare
BEST Laboratory, E.C.E. Department, Indian Institute
of Science, Bangalore 560012
Goddess Sarasvatee is one of the three major
“Knowledge Donating Divine Powers (Vidyaa
Pradaatree Daivataa’s). Lord Ganesha and Lord
Dattatreya are the other two. Goddess
“Sarasvatee” is also one of the three Highest
Levels of Goddesses in Vedopanishadic Literature
(the other two being Laxmee and Umaa or
Paarvatee) and is well known as the Consort of
Lord Brahmadeva (who is defined as the Srujana
Kartaa or Divine Cause Energy of Natural
Universal Creativity. The Goddess Sarasvatee is
considered as the Divine force which is responsible
for the destruction of Demonic Forces represented
by the pair Shumbha and Nishumbha and their
armies.
Sarasvatee Rahasya Upanishad gives a lot of
information on the Rahasya or Secret Knowledge
about the Goddess Sarasvatee, in a Rahasya
Maya or Symbolic language. This Upanishadic text
belongs to Rigveda (whose Upaveda is
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‘Aayurveda’ or the Book of Knowledge about
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Health & Logevity). The word Sarasvatee literally
means Owner of or Possesser of a Series of some
Obects (or entities). Symbolically Goddess
Sarasvatee is therefore picturised as holding a
Maalaa or Garland (called ‘Sara’). (A river is also
called Sarasvatee, whose nature is like a Series of
Lakes, resulting from its underground currents in
the intervening landscape.). In this paper, the
authors have tried to unearth some of these secrets
in the Context of the Bio Medically significant
information on Goddess Sarasvatee.
PAPER - 29
BHOOKAMPANAANAAM KAARANAANI
TATHAA MAAPANA TANTRA
YANTRAANI CHA
Dr. Y.S. Gayathri,
Balajee Degree College, Hanumanthanagar,
Bangalore- 560019
and
Professor D. B. Ghare
BEST Laboratory, E.C.E. Department, Indian Institute
of Science, Bangalore- 560012
This paper will be presented in Sanskrit Language
and will give a State of the Art “Review” of Causes
of Earth Quakes and the methods of measurement
of Earth Quake Intensity and position. It will also
include a number of “New Reasons” proposed by
the Authors as the probable causes of earth
quakes and on which a Universal attention and
research is necessary so that prediction of a large
number of (or percentage of) earth quakes can
become a possibility in the forth coming
decade.(IN SANSKRIT)
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THE CONCEPT OF ‘DHARAA’ AND
‘DHARITREE’ IN ANCIENT
VEDOPANISHADIC LITERATURE
Ms. R.Geetaa
Shree Bhagavaana Mahaveera Jain Mahavidyalaya,
Vishveshvarapuram, Bangalore 560004
and
Professor D.B. Ghare
BEST Laboratory, E.C.E. Department, Indian Institute
of Science, Bangalore 560012
In Vedopanishadic and allied literature, the
goddess ‘Pruthvee’ (Bhoodevee or earth) is also
described as Dharaa and Dharitree because of
her capability of capturing and holding the objects
on it’s surface. Therefore, this ability of
Graahyatva (Gruhyati or ‘Gravity’ or
Gravitational attractive force) seems to be
obviously very well known to Indians from the
Vedopanishadic periods. In this paper an attempt
is being made to locate and enlist the information
about the Dharaa and Dharitree characteristics in
such ancient literature.
PAPER - 31
PANCAKOSHA—A HIERARCHY OF
FIVE STRATA IN THE CREATION
Dr. Harish Chandra, B.Tech., (I.I.T. Kanpur),
Ph. D. (Princeton, USA),
Dayananda Institute of Vedic Studies
6-1-103/43 Abhinav Colony, Padmarao Nagar,
Hyderabad-500 025
Based on the pancakosha description of the
human being in one Upanishad, interplay of three
primary entities, viz. God, soul and matter,
explains five co-existing strata in the universe. A
hierarchy of the five strata is described based on
the five sheaths/layers called as annamaya,
pranamaya, manomaya, vijnanamaya and
anandamaya kosha.
Material things void of life are treated as consisting
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of annamaya kosha only. These things have two
WAVES 8th India Conference - 13
sub-groups. The first sub-group consists of the
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man-made things where no positive evolution is
possible - the system can decay and degenerate
only in accordance with the second law of
thermodynamics. The second sub-group of these
material things consist of the natural things. For
instance, water flows from the river source and
upon its use it flows into an ocean. Thereafter it
vaporizes and appears into the form of clouds, falls
on the earth in the form of the rains and reappears
at the source of the river. The water exhibits the
cyclic feature due to the intervention of the sun.
Treating the entire universe as one thermodynamic
system, the second law of thermodynamics would
be applicable here too. Second stratum of
pranamaya kosha appears in the objects that
have the soul in permanent sleep such as plants,
trees and micro-organisms. Third stratum of
manomaya kosha exists in the living beings such
as animals, birds, insects, reptiles, marine species,
etc. However, jnana is of merely instinctive nature
- there is no cumulative growth of knowledge from
one generation to another. Fourth stratum of
vijnanamaya kosha appears in the human beings,
which has the intellectual faculty to discover and
carry forward the knowledge so discovered. Fifth
stratum of anandamaya kosha appears in the
enlightened human beings who have been able to
venture into their innermost core thereby
experiencing self-realization and God realization.
PAPER - 32
NIRRTI - THE DARK GODDESS
Dr. Akoijam Thoibisana
Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian
Institute of Technology- Guwahati, Assam
In the article, I would make an attempt at
understanding the significance of the dark goddess
Nirrti and her position in the Vedic pantheon,
which is also relevant towards a reinterpretation of
woman in both her benevolent and malevolent
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nature. Of the few goddesses mentioned in the
Rgveda, the goddess Nirrti, which is derived from
the root nir, meaning ‘to go out or off’, ‘be
deprived or dissolved’, is the dark side to the
Vedic vision of the divine feminine e.g. Usha, Aditi,
Prithivi etc.
In the Rigveda, Nirrti was not given much benign
character and whenever she is mentioned, the
hymn is dedicated to seek protection from ‘Her’.
The Rigvedic hymn implores her to leave the
sacrifice alone and to depart to distant places so
that no harm may come .It was natural that later
Vedic poets were not much fascinated by this
unwanted and dark goddess and this has led her
to a very secluded position and she became
mostly unheard of. In this manner Nirrti have faded
to the background, but in the later Vedic era she
continued to exist in some transformed forms and
became similar to some other dark goddesses like
Kali, Camunda, Manasa, Chinnamasta and other
minor sectarian religious goddesses. Hence, it
becomes important to understand who ‘Nirrti is’;
what is the significance of ’her’ in the society, what
message is ‘She’ trying to convey to the society?
PAPER - 33
SOME OBSERVATIONS ON
SHRICHAKRAM - AS
MATHEMATICAL MODEL
Shri T. J. NAGARAJAN
Various methods are adopted in modeling
Graphical presentation, Nomograph type to present
value relationships in Mathematical Equations,
Typical representation in the model to convey the
concept ,number-ratio relationship in the process,
projecting the principle of functioning of the
system[process] in the model. ShriChakram as
Mathematical model falls in the third category
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type. About ShriChakram Adi Sankaracharya has
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given beautiful description in a Slokam in
Soundharyalahari -
Chathurbhihi Srikandaihi Sivayuvathibhi
panchabhirabhi
Prabinnabhihi Sambhor-navavirabhi
Moolaprakridhibhihi
Chathur-chatvarimsadh-vasudhala-kalaasra
Thrivalayaha
Thrirekhabhihi Sartham
Thavacharanakonaha Parinadhaha
In Shrichakram, there are nine avaranas. One is
inside another. They are:
1. Thrailokya Mohanam (Square shape,three
rows) ObserverWorld
2. Sarvasa paripoorakam (Sixteen petal lotus)
3. Sarva Samkshopanam (Eight petal lotus)
4. Sarva sowbhagya dhayakanm (Fourteen
triangles)
5. Sarvartha Sadhakam (Outer ten triangles)
6. Sarva Rakshakaram (Inner ten triangles)
7. Sarva Roga Haram (Eight triangles pointed
towards eight directions)
8. Sarva Siddhipradham (Triangle)
9. Sarvanandha Mayam (Bindu)
From 4th Avarana to 9th Avarana Shrichakram
represents Hidden-World. In Shrichakram
upasana literature, lot of concepts have been
postulated to perceive Cosmos in Macro level and
Micro level and see Divineness in all things and
Energy flow /charge pattern, have been given .It is
not taken up in this paper as it will become quite
exhaustive. In order to bring out the mathematical
representation of the concept in the configuration
of the Srichakram, we have to derive some
important constants.
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SCIENCE, CONSCIOUSNESS AND
VEDIC SCRIPTURES
Shri Ajit C. Dalvi
D-19/168, MIG Colony, Gandhi Nagar, Bandhra East,
Mumbai -400051
The Brahma is the cause and the world is the
effect. The Brahma along with maya is Ishwara;
where the cause and effects are within himself. His
eyes are the sun and His mind is the moon. The
will of God will then be the twenty-seven
constellations. What he desires is reflected in the
word. He doesn’t measure it. The science
measures it. Science, consciousness and Vedic
scriptures are not three. The consciousness of soul
or the Brahma is described in scriptures and tried
to analysed by science. How can it be measured
? He is endless. The vastness of Lord Ganesha -
Surya koti samaprabha - the glory of 1000 suns
put together-is beyond science to understand. The
seven forms of energy derived from the solar
energy which is the gift of nature. The secrets of
nature will be revealed at proper time. We have to
just surrender to Him. At the most we can show
pointers but never can equate Him. Therefore, the
Shrutis say ‘naiti, naiti’ - ‘not this, not this’ and
endlessly goes on searching new horizons of
discoveries.
PAPER - 35
HINDU CONTRIBUTION TO
KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS
Dr. Srinivasan Kalyanraman, Director, Saraswati
Nadi Shodh Prakalp, Chennai
& President, WAVES, India branch
The objective of the monograph is to prepare a
framework for a research methodology manual,
based on bharatiya ethos and Vedictraditions, for
reference by researchers in social sciences and
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humanities. The manual is organized in the
WAVES 8th India Conference - 15
following sections:-
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Categories of knowledge: para_, apara_ vidya
Uniqueness of Hindu research methods and
objectives of apara_ vidya
Jna_na: objective of re-search, aim of
knowledge systems
Methods of knowledge systems
Cause or inference and effect
Prama_n.am: s’ruti, yukti, anubhu_ti
Investigative devices
Tantrayukti, research design
Caveat on s’abda
Hegelian dialectic compared with nya_ya and
vais’es.ika knowledge systems
Aristotelian logic compared with nya_ya
knowledge system
Kalhana on historical method
Social researches for national resurgence in
Bharat
Bibliography
PAPER - 36
PHILOSOPHICAL THOUGHTS
REFLECTED IN RIGVEDA
Dr. C.M. Neelakandan
Reader in Sahitya & Co- ordinator,
School of Vedic Studies, Shri Sankaracharya
University of Sanskrit, Kalady, Kerala
Indian philosophy can be broadly divided into
three branches- Bhakti, Karma and Jnana.
Bhakti is of various kinds like Saiva, Vaisnava and
Sakteya. Karmakanda has two main divisions-
Tantrika and Vaidika. Later, a method of worship,
which can be termed Vaidika-Tantrika also
evolved, which is in the form of an admixture of
Vaidika and Tantrika rites. Jnanakanda can be
divided into Astika and Nastika. The Saddarsans
include in the first and the hetrodox systems,
Buddhism, Jainism and Carvaka system, are
included in the Nastika division.
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Among these philosophical trends, the Tantrika
Karmakanda had an origin and development
independent from the Vaidika one. The basic
concepts of all other philosophical trends
mentioned above, can be seen latent in the hymns
of Rigveda. This paper is an attempt to trace out
the basic concepts of the different philosophical
thoughts found in the Rigveda.
PAPER - 37
THE CUSTOM OF LEVIRATE AND ITS
SOCIO-CULTURAL BACKGROUNDS
IN DHARMASHASTRAS
Dr. K.P. Sreedevi, Reader in Sahitya & Director
Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit, Regional
Centre, Mari Amman Kovil Road,
Kottappuram, Thrissur-4, Kerala
Levirate or ‘Niyoga’ was an ancient custom quite
common in several civilizations in the world. In this
custom, the wife or widow of an issueless person
was allowed to enter into conjugal relations with
her brother-in-law or some other person related to
him till he gets children. The legendary stories of
several Heros of Mahabharata show that this
practice was common in ancient India also. In
Vedic religion, death of a childless person was
regarded as a great spiritual calamity, as there was
none to succeed him or to do his ancestral rites.
So, in order to get a son, this practice was
commonly permitted by the Dharmasutras.
But later law givers like Apastamba and Manu
criticised this practice arguing that there is no
spiritual benefit to the woman’s husband as the son
born to her by levirate really belongs to the begetter.
Manu even ridicules this custom as beastly one. But
in spite of these severe criticisms, many of the later
Smritis allowed this practice with certain
restrictions. But gradually, this custom, which was
quite incongruous with the high ethical ideas,
became unacceptable to the society. This paper is
an attempt to trace out the Socio-cultural aspects
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that worked behind the custom in different ages.
WAVES 8th India Conference - 16
PAPER - 38
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FUMIGATION - A NOVEL
ANTIMICROBIAL PROCESS WITH
REFERENCE TO AYURVEDA
Shri C.N. Vishnu Prasad, Junior Research Fellow
Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute,
Palode, Trivandrum, Kerala
Fumigation is a novel technique used in the routine
microbiology works to eliminate microbial
contaminants. Especially it is used as a sterilization
technique in the case of Air Pollution. In usual
practice, fumigation process includes the use of
chemical substances, which cause uncomfortable
feelings to human beings and are toxic sometimes.
Ayarveda -the traditional Indian medical science-
has a lot of reference about fumigation, which can
be of high antimicrobial activity Also the majority
of materials used for fumigation are plants and
hence it is eco-friendly (What the world now
demands). Dhoopanam is the terminology used in
Ayurveda. Ashtangahrudayam, Sushrutha
Samhitha, Charaka Samhitha etc have explained
Dhoopanam as a special case. The common plants
used includes Palamkasha (Lablab purpucus Lino),
Nimba (Azadiracta india), Vacha (Acorus calamis
linn) etc. some of the latest studies says that this
traditional knowledge helps to prevent new Air
born disease like SARS. This paper is an attempt
to discuss the various fumigation methods in
Ayurveda and to bring out its importance.
PAPER - 39
SCIENCE AND SENTIMENTS BEHIND
THE FORMULAS OF YAJURVEDA
Dr. C.L. Prabhakar,
Former Prof. of Sanskrit (Retd.)
& President, Bangalore Chapter, WAVES
It is held that Vedas are religious texts. But that
concept is improved greatly owing to the
researches and studies done all these years on
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Vedas. Now it is realized by all that Vedas contain
genesis for all branches of knowledge and Vedic
studies never ending. Vedas are not by human
authors. They are divine revelations. As a result its
magnitude is simply great. There are many
definitions explaining the Vedas. Vedas are the
resultant activity of Rishis and divinities put together
to benefit the mankind. Rigveda is specialized in
prayers, petitions and implorations etc., at a given
sacrifice or required for a religious context.
Yajurveda on the other hand contains formulas
which are employed at various rites of respective
sacrifices like Agnistoma, Asvamedha. The same
prayers of Rigveda set for music is Samaveda.
Atharvaveda is a supervisor’s text for the purpose
of managing security and protection for and
removal of physical and environmental
disturbances. When this is the background and
content of Vedic texts, the scope to unravel
knowledge in several directions becomes tenable
and easy to handle. In this strain, we need an
attempt to –unearth science and sentiments in the
mantras of Vedas. More so is Yajurveda.
Yajurveda is priest’s manual to please gods and to
bring forth happiness to workers.
The mantras are of universal in nature. They are
decked with the Devata, a Rishi and metre. In
case of Krsna Yajurveda the formulas do not
adhere to metre but the language employed therein
shows a need of more communication and
expression of sentiments. We notice system in each
mantra and portrayal of feelings and sentiments.
Poetry is an outcome of happiness. Happiness is
the culmination of all sciences and sentiments.
There are studies published on “Kavi and Kavya”
aspects of Veda mantras both of Rigveda and
Atharvaveda (vide Prof. H.D.Velankar and Dr.
N.J.Shende). In this paper, the sacrifice-content is
analysed in this light. It would be displayed that
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Veda mantras are not prosaic montonous substance
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but full of science, sap and sentiments. Science is
flair for reasonings and verifications while
sentiments refer to physical and psychological
emotions unto oneself, neighbours and universe at
large. The mantras look passing a message that life
on earth requisitioned by emotions should be
regulated with scientific reasonings and laudable
conduct leading to peace and happiness. Basically
Yajurveda leads a thesis “svarga kamo yajeta”
meaning one who aspires for comfort and peace
should honour nice sentiments.
PAPER - 40
THOUGHTS ON CONSCIOUSNESS
AND SUPER CONSCIOUSNESS
FROM MUSIC
Dr. T. Seetharamalakshmi
Former Reader in Music (Retd.)
Bangalore University, Bangalore
Music has originated from the Supreme
Consciousness namely Parabrahma. The ‘Srutis’
passed through the various modes of ‘sthutis’ set
to raga, tala, laya and bhava etc., which
enriched the lore of music, a pleasant way of
rendering. Whether it be the Veda mantras or
otherwise, the recitation or singing is based on
‘Svaras’ which are specialized in recitation, singing
and in devotion fitted repetition etc. The mantras
have given us many measurements for syllable viz.
Svaras. A svara is one which rejoices by itself
“Svatph ranjayati. srotur chittanam susvara
uchyati”. An utterance of a syllable is a joy by
itself. Vedic pronunciation insisted on six rules viz.,
varna, svara, matra, balam, sama and santana.
Sama and santana are more employed in music.
Rigveda contributed “thrisvara gayana” while
Samaveda, the “Saptasvara gayana” in respect of
expressions found in the respective Vedas. After
the manner of Vedic recitation the music rendering
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got improved and today music is excelling enough
filling the hearts of all. The subject matter of Veda
and Music tally very much because both are divine
oriented fields of knowledge. There are
descriptions of deities, petitions and display of
wants of people and the details of geography and
environment and many more situations. These
factors show the conscience of the respective
composers regarding divinity, and social and moral
bindings of society, people, environment and
devotional sentiments. More over, whether it be a
‘mantra’ or a ‘nayana vastu’ it aimed at visuals of
super consciousness at the same time correcting
the behavior of people and make them grow
righteous restraining unwarranted emotions. This is
the form of awareness and benefit of consciousness
in a positive way. At the same time it recognises
the flow of the existence of the super conscious
principle viz., paramatma. By praising and
mentioning the qualities, virtues and exploits of
paramatma, we notice the journey of thoughts of
man to project the form of God. And at the same
time expressing the need for corrections in one’s
conscience and hope for progress and
emancipation
By praising and mentioning the qualities, virtues
and exploits of paramatma, the devoted people,
who experience common consciousness are
prompted to grow themselves into higher planes of
consciousness. The planes are however abstract
but music helps them to feel and experience the
influence of them in a concrete style. The great
Vaggeyakaras, like Jayadeva, Annamacarya,
Purandaradasa, Tyagaraja, Syamasastry,
Muthuswamy Dixitar and many such musicians,
have portrayed the influence and importance of
Parabrahma and orderly thoughts to rejoice with
subsequent benefits. In the famous Pancaratna
Keertana “Endaromahanurubha Vulu” of
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Tyagaraja, the singer of 17’h century pointed out
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that the bhakti, a state of consciousness with which
state, several singers and devotees kept enjoying
the Paramananda.
When consciousness recognises the super being
and follows it, then it is a state of extreme
happiness. In the Kirtana “Kanugontini Sri
Ramuni” by Tyagaraja we notice the merger of
conscience into the ultimate reality. This is the
culture aimed at in Indian tradition. Yoga is a
Sadhana and that is achieved through Music.
PAPER - 41
RUDRA PRASANA AND ITS
THERAPETIC APPLICATIONS
Dr. R.Prabhakaran, M.D. (Acu)
N0.269, 3rd Cross, 5 Main, Nobel Residency,
Kammannahalli Main Road, Bangalore-560 076
Rudra is an individual deity who has been
mentioned in Rigveda, Yajurveda and else where.
He is regarded as the very manifestation of Agni
himself. Agni is the most popular diety in Vedas,
therefore Rudra does what Agni does in respect of
Heroic and healing deeds. There are two Sukthas
for Rudra in Rigveda and a full chapter in the
Yajur veda depicting him to be all in all. In this
strain Rudra is described as doctor, a duty doctor
who lives upon earth and who is accessible to all
people even for emergencies. He is a universal
healer and as administering the medicine will be
quite auspicious and winning. Although there are
several aspects of Rudra’s personality we
concentrate on such mantras of Veda addressed to
Rudra where, when pleased he bestows happiness
upon animals and human beings. For all kinds of
diseases and discomforts of the body the relevant
mantras reveal that he is a general physician and
particular healer.
The various pressure points of body (pranas) are
but the presence of Rudra and therefore respective
appeasement for the points of pressure would be
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a matter of relief and which is specialization of a
line of therapy namely Acupressure /Acupuncture
method. This paper attempts to elucidate this
direction of thinking from the mantras of Veda
which are addressed to Rudra and which refer to
curative aspects of Rudra. In this direction we
have many Sutrakaraa like Bhodhayana,
Apasthamba and commentators like Bhatta
Bhaskara, Uvata and Mahidhara etc.
PAPER - 42
THE CONSCIENCE OF WANTS AND
DESIRES FROM NAMAKA (N) AND
CHAMAKA (C) PRASHNAS OF VEDA
Shri R. Ramesh, Bangalore
N. occurs in the Rigveda and the same in
elaborate way appear in the 16th chapter of Y.V.
and this is called as N because of the 165 and
more salutations offered to the majestic personality
of lord Rudra who is conceived as the identified
authority over each and everything in the universe.
The C. section occurs in 18th chapter of Y.V. in the
context of the formulas for Aishwameda Yaga.
Thus two sections are very important to know the
science and consciousness which the rich Vedic
tradition imparts to mankind. Rudra is willing to
attend to the needs of the devotees. Rudra
becomes ready to offer benefits because he is
enriched with food and salutations. Champak
Prashna on the other hand in a direct enumeration
of various wants and desired numbering to 600
and more in a human being. The devotee
repeatedly stresses that owing to his deeds of
austerity all these things must take place. This paper
critically attempts to analyse and signify the planes
of activities that encompasses the personality of
God and the personality of human being.
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PAPER - 43
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TILAKA-DHAARAN-DOWN THE
VEDIC TIMES
Dr.Bhaskara Bhujanga Rao, B E: DEHM
No. 302, Shravanti Paradise, # 70, Kanakapura Main
Road, J.P Nagar, 6th Phase, Bangalore-560078
Our skull contains Sahasraaraka impurity. The
Sushumna Nadi (The spinal chord) starts from
bottom and reaches (the Sahasraara. On both
sides of the spinal chord, the veins Ida and Pingala
are twisted to the spinal chord, the spinal chord
Ida and Pingala are equated to Ganga, Yamuna
and Saraswati and end up at the place between
both the eyes called “Bhruumadhya’. Saints call
this Bhruumadhya as Trikuta or Triveni
Sangama. This is called the place of Mahavishnu
(Padmapurana). As an indication for Bhakthi and
as the imprint of Bhagavan’s feet people in the
earlier days used to keep the Tilaka as vertical
line, which is called Uurdhvaprundram. This states
at Bhruumadhya and ends up at the top of the
face with sharpness. This has taken different
shapes as time passes and to day we see it as
round Tilaka.
From Jyothis Shastras the first Rashi is
Mesharashi, which represents the head of face of
”Kaala Purasha”. Since the Lord of Mesharashi is
Kuja who represents red, it has become a practice
to keep red Tilaka at Bhruumadhya. Similarly the
lord of 12th Rashi Meena is Guna who represents
yellow. Since the 12th house represents the legs of
Kalapurasha, we apply Tarmac which is yellow to
the feet which also protects from infections. Shri
Krishna is kasturitilakadhari.
From Yoga Shastra we understand that out of 12
chakras, (Sad Chakras) one Aagnachakra exists
on the Phalabhaga. By keeping Tilaka here it is
nothing but offering Pooja to the Aagnachakra.
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Also the Yoga Shastra tells us to concentrate our
Dhristi at the Bhruumadhya and do the Dhyana,
because it is the place of Shri Maha Vishnu. A
person with Tilaka on his face will command
respect from the others. For this Tilaka one can
use Kasturi, Chandana, Gorojana, Sindhura,
Mrithika etc. Ladies use Kumkum, a compound
prepard of Tamarind, Alum and turmeric. The
vertical Tilaka (Uurdhvaprundra) shall be made out
of Mrithika or Bhasma and horizontal Tilaka
(Thiryak prundra) shall be made of Bhasma only.
PAPER - 44
STRESS MANAGEMENT THROUGH
CONSCIOUSNESS AND YOGIC
DISCIPLINE
Shri T.S. Gopal, Yoga Practitioner and Teacher
No. 1372, 18th A. Main, J.P. Nagar II Phase,
Bangalore-78.
It has been well established from various
physiological investigations and studies that
psychological stress like any other type of stress
produces excitation in certain specific cells of the
cerebral cortex as a result of liberation of
(acetylcholine) chemical, which causes nervous
excitation. Thus excessive liberation of this
chemical appears to be the main triggering factor
in the genesis of all the changes. Further, it also
causes prolonged after effects lasting for weeks or
even months. Asthama, Acidity, High Blood
Pressure, Allergic Symptoms etc. are due to stress
and tension caused by various factors like
Personal, Social, Economical. Climatic, Habitual,
Pollution, Overwork etc. affecting and triggering the
stress and strain.
Too much of stress and strain of life especially after
middle age may lead to stress related diseases.
Yoga plays a very vital role in relieving a person
from all types of stress and strain. Yogic exercises,
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Pranayama and Meditation increase the tolerance
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of Psychic Trauma without disturbance.
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Experiments have revealed that during the period
of meditation blood acetylcholine levels increased
considerably, which led to increased tranquility
during the period. The paper describes in detail the
stress management through various Yogic Kriyas
practiced at different levels of consciousness.
PAPER - 45
ASTRONOMICAL AND
ASTROLOGICAL
CONTENT IN PURUSHASUKTA
Dr. S.Krishna Kumar, Bangalore
Rigveda is open for all kinds of interpretations.
Sacrificial interpretation is the most popular one
followed by many traditional commentators like
Sayana and others. The studies done by many
scholars in and outside India attempt to unearth the
wealth of Vedas. In tradition, that Purusha Sukta is
very important among the Vedic Suktas. All the
sixteen mantras of Purushsukta are full of
Knowledge. It has its link with other Suktas of the
Vedas. Astronomical and astrological meanings of
this sukta are explained here in this paper.
PAPER - 46
TANTRIC SEXUAL DISCIPLINE :
ITS RELEVANCE TODAY
Dr. Mitranatha Jha
Professor, Mithila Research Institute,
Kabraghat, Darbhanga, Bihar
Tantra has remained a secret doctrine for so long
that the entire system has been bound up in
symbolism, myth and allegory; and these symbols,
myths and allegories have, themselves, been
expressed as further emblems, fables and parables.
The language of Tantra has been so allusive that it
is virtually impossible for the seeker to discover
the factual truth behind the multi-layered mysteries
of imagery .
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Sexual drive has always been a significant factor in
human life and its proper development. Sexual
inspiration has its original and intimate connection
with the religious mythological, magical and other
valuable elements of human growth and
development. Tantric Sex always tries to heighten
and prolong the special rapport that exists between,
a man and a woman, the ‘purusha’ and the
‘prakriti’ while they are making love. The object
of the sex act in tantra is not merely the ecstatic
pleasure of coital variations, but the ‘oneness’ that
the man and woman experience when they are in
such a sexual high. The sexual ecstasy is indeed the
means to the universal end - ‘oneness’ .Tantric Sex
can provide, by all means, a permanent solution to
all the existing disasters that threaten mankind
today to a considerable extent. The underlying
features of Tantric Sex, if properly practised, can
unthinkably change the directions of one’s life.
PAPER - 47
VEDIC TANTRISM AS REFLECTED IN
THE RIGVIDHANA
Dr. (Mrs.) Bidyut Lata Ray
Reader in Sanskrit
Nilamadhava Mahavidyalaya, Kantilo,
Nayagarh-752078 (Orissa)
Vedic Tantrism commences from the composition
of the Rigvidhana by Shaunaka. This text is the
earliest Vedic manual of magic or magicoreligious
rites and practices. It anticipated the later growth
of Tantric ritualism, while its real significance lies in
simplification of ‘complicated and burdensome
ceremonies treated in Shrauta and Grhya Sutras in
such a way that observances become easier in
practice.
The Vidhana texts are important in the history of
Vedic literature for more than one reasons. They
mark a new period of literature and a new outlook
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in the religious life of India, since they were written
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with a practical object in view. Saunaka and
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Katyayana who are mentioned as the authors of
the Rg - and Yajur – Vdihanas respectively have
distinguished themselves in branches of the post-
vedic literature, particularly in the Anukramanis and
Pratishakhyas. Shaunaka’s Anukramanis give
details about seers, deities, metres, Anuvakas and
Suktas. His other two works. viz. Brhaddevata
and Rgvidhana give respectively the legends
concerning the deities and the magical effects
produced by the recitation of Rigvedic hymns. All
these works are intimately connected with the
Vedanga literature which had its germs in the
Brahmanas.
PAPER - 48
SCIENCE AND RELIGION -
VEDIC APPROACH
Arya Sanyasi Mahatma Gopal Swami
Saraswati
Vedic Swadhyaya Kendra, Vedic Sadhna Ashram,
“Dhan Kutir”, 100 Bhoor, BAREILLY (U.P.)
All human beings have body and soul
(consciousness). Body wants all comforts and
soul’s longing is for beatitude (parmananda).
Science, with all scientific research and
advancement, if properly utilised, possesses all
capabilities to make life and living comfortable as
well as pleasing. Spirituality, whose domain is the
religion (dharma) helps the soul inside the body to
obtain beatitude, i.e., bliss of the highest order,
provided life and living are tuned according to the
tenets of religion. This way Science and Religion
are not poles apart, but are complementary to each
other. Both are in the service of mankind, provided
they are rightly understood and acted
upon properly.
It is, however, paradoxical that scientists have no
regard for religion, because in their scientific
pursuits, religion is of no avail to them; and the so-
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called religious people, who remain engrossed all
the time in their religious rituals, more often than
not, look science with an eye of scepticism. For
them, religion is a matter of faith; and, in matters
of faith, it is said, that there is no room for any
logic, rationality or reasoning.The fact is, that these
scientists and the so-called religious people, both
are in the dark. :-Thinking themselves wise and
learned, both are in the dark In utter ignorance,
they are acting in such a manner, as if, one
blind man is showing path to another blind
man.(Mundakopanishad 1/2/8)
The paper endeavours to define in real terms
‘Science’ and ‘Religion’ and enunciates that “religion
without science is blind and science without religion
is lame.” It also establishes that any religion, or for
that matter, any religious ritual, if it is afraid of
scientific investigation, is not a religion, but, all in all,
a superstition. The paper suggests that both
‘Science’ and ‘Religion’, upon being rightly
understood in their true sense, have to go together.
Untruth has to be discarded, and, truth has to be
accepted, because ultimately, it is the truth alone
that triumphs. The paper, in essence, is the
exposition of the aforesaid Veda Mantra, where
‘Vidya ‘ is the science of consciousness (the soul)
and super-consciousness (the God or ‘Brahma ‘),
while ‘Avidya ‘ are all natural sciences. The Vedic
approach is to understand ‘Vidya ‘ and ‘Avidya ‘
in right perspective, and, practice both of them
simultaneously and side by side.
PAPER - 49
RE-ENGINEERING AND VALUE
PARADIGMS IN MANAGEMENT IN
INDIAN HERITAGE
Shri S. Rammohan, I.R.A.S.,B.Sc,M.A.
Vice-President, Sri Ramana Kendram, Chennai and
Financial Adviser & Chief Accounts Officer, .
Integral Coach Factory, Chennai – 600 038
The three principal values or ultimate realities -
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goodness, beauty and truth, lay the foundation for
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Indian value systems. They guide the management
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of society, by facilitating the Management of
change and reengineering. Here, the management
function is a Yagna, out of which all creations and
activities take form, as mentioned in the Purusha
Suktam. The emphasis is on cooperation, not
competition. The concept of profession as Yoga,
and the differentiation of action as Karma,
Vikarma or Akarma is delineated in our heritage
texts. The concept of reengineering, wherein a set
of processes are given up for more preferable
alternative system, is described in the Upanishads.
The concept of “activity in inactivity” as indicated
in Stephen Coveys quadrant analysis, is presented
in “akarmani ca karma yaha” concept of the
Gita. The concepts of coordination of actions in the
work spot is given in the Kathopanishad matrix of
the chariot. Texts like Arthashastra discuss the”
Vikarma” concept on “Rajasrivridham”. The
Manas-Buddhi-Ahankara (MBA) interface for
effective management is established by providing
the missing link through Yoga. “Samathvam Yoga
Uchyate.” The role of antakarana - “the inner
gleam” of Emerson - in the decision making
process is also lucidly delineated in Indian Heritage
texts as also the role of ethics in various
professions. The concept of Swadharma is also a
very valuable idea in Indian management literature.
PAPER - 50
AN APPROACH TO CONSCIOUSNESS-
INDIAN PERSPECTIVE
Shri T.N. Shiva Kumar
Director, Yogavasistha Samsodhana Kendra,
Srivalli Prakasana, No.13, V-Cross, NR Colony,
Bangalore-560 019
It is a natural instinct to human beings to have a
comfortable and eternally happy life. The recent
Scientific Developments, have made Life more
comfortable than the earlier decades, by
understanding some of the secrets of nature. But,
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the mysteries of nature, still remains, beyond the
scope of Scientific Experiments. To day we can
notice that, how restlessness is getting erupted, in
every corner of the world, by the worldly pursuit
of Human race, to achieve eternal happiness. In
the episode of Draupadi vastrapaharana [
meaning:- stealing or pulling out the dress or
undressing the lady named Draupadi ( who had
five husbands)] the Great Epic Mahabharata
clearly depicts, how tiresome it is to unrobe the
secrets of nature. Here, the lady Draupadi is
mother nature and her five husbands are the Five
Fundamental Elements namely ether, air, luster,
water, and earth. The person Dushasana, who gets
tired by pulling the sari of Draupadi, is none other
than the pain causing or the sorrow producing
government. Now, any one can notice that, how
the present day Governments ands The Scientific
Experiments are causing unwanted pains to our
Fellow-beings in creation. This mischief with nature,
is resulting with many havoc’s in the world. That
means - external pursuit of eternal happiness will
make life miserable.
Hence, it will be wise on our part, to introspect,
than to external persuasion of Eternal Happiness,
by merging with our inner consciousness. Here, an
attempt is made to explain “ an approach to
consciousness “.
PAPER - 51
PATENTING HUMAN
CONSCIOUSNESS
Shri Saurabh Kudesia, Engineer, Gwalior
The paper analyses the key aspect of
consciousness and its evolutionary nature, which
are biased by its very existence. It would be great
to find the source and processes causing
consciousness, but the results may be shocking.
Does consciousness really exists or is it just
T WAVES 8th India Conference - 23
another illusion that our mind has projected to
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keep us involved? Science may not have every
answer, but it definitely has a link to our inside
world which we can find it one day using the same
tool that created it at the very first place.
The human mind surely has enough reasons to be
one of the biggest mysteries of the human history,
the solution of which may settle all other questions
to rest or may well led to the trail of catastrophic
episode. Science which itself is a by-product of
such consciousness has still to find its existence
amidst the deep mystery of the human mind. How
science will achieve this is surely going to be an
exciting event to watch in the human history.
PAPER - 52
REALITY AND RELATIVITY - THE
STUDY OF CONSCIOUSNESS
Shri V. Dwarakanath Reddy
Chairman, M/s Nutrine Confectionary, Products &
Author of Several books)
No.11, 3rd Street, Ramana Nagar,
Tiruvannamalai - 606 607
Physics is a study of events involving matters in
space and time, dealing with energies that operate
on matter which is insentient. When we refer to life
or sentiency or self - awareness, the import
thereof is surely recognised and confirmed in
personal experience. What is the frame allotted to
“life” in the scientific investigation into cosmic
creation ?
The physicist’s reference to an “observer”, while
studying particles phenomenon, does not refer to
the mental activity of the human being, that is
himself in the act of observing the experiment, like
the description of the painting process of a
landscape involving the painter, canvas, the act and
the painting. So we turn to bioscience which is
declared as dealing with living organisms, and ask
what is life, what is consciousness? Bio Science
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determines that it is neural and chemical
phenomenon, originating from brain cells. But, even
brain cells are matter, as are the chemicals or
neural discharges - it is all matter, and matter is
insentient (no matter how structured). So are you
saying life is a product of insentient matter ?
Science says so and that is the Great Divide that
separates science and philosophy. Philosophy too
is a science of consciousness.
Consciousness is the energy that manifests through
matter equipments called bodies and is sensed as
“life”. For physics to concern with operating
electro energy, the time of “measurement” is totally
adequate. But time of humanity is a personal
experience of biological intimacy that cannot be
isolated from the psyche. It cannot therefore be
disassociated from consciousness. Bioscience is
locking up consciousness in brain matter. Physics
is locking up time in energy play. Thus time has
become the Achilles heel of physics and mind the
Achilles heel of Bioscience. On these two
vulnerable legs stands out scientific knowledge of
creation. These two limited circles must yield to
one centre. Then only can we talk of Reality, which
is Absolute as delineated in Indian Heritage; until
then, all our references will be to relativity.
PAPER - 53
WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN ANCEINT
INDIA—A STUDY OF MANU
Shri Sanjay Kumar Sahoo, Research Scholar
C/o- Somanath Sahoo, Kumbhar pada, Post/Dist – Puri
(Orissa) -752002
Though Indian civilization in Ancient times, had as
one of its elementary ingredients, the allotment of
a special of honour for the feminine gender,
subsequent misinterpretation of its tradition and
values brought for this sub-continent. A sort of
derogatory position as a misogynist social
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structure. Quite unfortunately most of the
WAVES 8th India Conference - 24
interpretations during the British rule, under the
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broad spectrum of so called oriental studies were
based on secondary sources and misleading come
erroneous translation of the Sanskrit texts. Buller’s
translation of Manusmriti still misleads world
opinion about the status and rights of women in
Ancient India. The present paper is an humble
attempt, based on the original text of the
Manusmriti and its scientific interpretation, with the
application of the method of deconstruction to a
considerable extent, to examine what Manu
actually said about the status of women with special
reference to their rights in the ancient social
system. By doing so the principles of structure-
function analysis are largely used which in the long
run brings the writer to the conclusion that so far
as the interpretation of Manusmriti is concerned,
Manu was most probably the first feminist of the
world to recognize the dignity of women in a social
order.
PAPER - 54
THE RAMAYANA POLITY AND
RAMA RAJYA
Dr. Harihar Mishra, Vice-Principal
S.C.S. (A) College, Puri, Orissa – 752001
In view of the fact that there has been a paradigm
shift in the study and interpretation of historical
facts in general and those relating to ancient India
in particular through leftist ideologues that the
writer feels the urge of contributing his own view
of things in their proper perspective with a view to
checkmating further erosion of historical and
Puranic values for which Indian civilization had its
own place of dignity, by its own right in the annals
of human existence. To come to the point the
present piece attempts to throw light on the basics
of the Ramayana polity vis-à-vis the concept of
Rama-Rajya as misinterpreted by the proponents
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of Hindutva in recent times either. While doing so
the writer proposes to critically examine the
concept of kingship, sources of law, and the
grounds of political obligation as witnessed in the
Ramayana polity. In the course of discussion careful
attempts shall also be made to bring a comparison
of political paternalism and the concept of Rama
Rajya obtaining both in the Ramayana and
Gandhian philosophical construction. The sole
purpose of doing so is to discover the strength and
weakness of the Rama Rajya which in recent years
has been a source of major controversy giving rise
to the hydra-headed tentacles of communalism
which spreads the seeds of hatred among human
beings. The method applied for the study will be
archival to a larger extent through other modern
tools and techniques shall also be adopted to give
it a scientific touch.
PAPER - 55
SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS OF
HIRANYAKSHA AND VAARAHA
Dr. Kamal Mohnot, Ex-Director
K.N. College, J.N. Vyas Univesity, Tapowan, Shiva
Road, Ratanada, Jodhpur, Rajasthan
In this paper, the story of Hiranyaksha and
Vaaraha is analysed on scientific background.
According to the first verse of the
Ishavasyopanishad Lord covers whatever exists in
this world. ‘Isa’ means space. Space is related
with power—Power of Light and Power of
attraction. Hiranyaksha is the name for that power
which had removed the earth from its axis
(Aksha) during the very beginning of creation.
Eternal force named Vaaraha had destroyed that
power to stabilize this earth. (IN HINDI).
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PAPER - 56
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DREAM, SLEEP AND
TRANSCENDENTAL
CONSCIOUSNESS IN THE VEDANTA
Prof. Asha Viswas, Department of English,
Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P.
The four states—wakefulness, dream, deep sleep
and trance are parts of consciousness. Recently,
consciousness has re-emerged as the hottest topic
for discussion among a variety of experts —
psychologists, physicists, philosophers, neuro-
scientists, artists, spiritualists and mystics. There are
two apparently opposing views on consciousness,
one is Western Scientific view which takes matter
as primary and consciousness as a property of
complex material pattern emerging at certain stage
of biological evolution.
The other is the mystical, idealist view of
consciousness. The Vedantic view of consciousness
is an example of this spiritual view. In vedanta,
consciousness is the reality, which is essence of all
that is the basic source of energies that make the
universe. The universe is a manifestation of an
immutable principle which is ‘sat’, ‘chit’ and
‘Ananda’. The paper aims to trace these three
states of consciousness in the Vedanta.
PAPER - 57
CONCERN FOR ENVIRONMENT IN
VEDIC LITERATURE
Dr. Dilip Kumar Goswami
Selection Grade Lecturer & Head
Department of Sanskrit, H.P.B. Girls College,
Golaghat, Assam
The present day world has a serious concern for
environment, bio-diversity and saving mother earth
as the most suitable habitat of mankind. The
concern as well as effort for keeping up a
pollution-free environment, though it appears to
have originated in the present day civilized codes
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and rich West, could also be traced to Indian origin
as can be read in the Vedas. This vast country, so
much enriched in ancient literature like the Vedas
and other Scriptures and civilized of social culture,
can take pride in having original thoughts and
outlooks on the protection of our environment and
imparting necessary education to administrators
and masses alike for making our earthly abode the
most suitable human habitat.
This papers proposes to focus on some of such
original thoughts and principles as voiced in the
Vedic literature. For example, we read in the
Rigveda that we ought to shoulder responsibility to
protect the Vasunndhara (Earth) for all of us,
because both Earth and Man are our true friends.
From Vedic literature, more examples shall be
cited in the main paper. Those were the days when
there was no such problem of environmental
pollution, and it was of consciousness that our
remote thinkers and Rishis could think seriously on
a problem that we face today.
PAPER - 58
THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN
RESOURCE AND SPIRIT OF
DEMOCRACY IN THE
SHRIMADBHAGAWATAGEETA
Shri Arun Chandra Bordoloi
Sr. Selection Grade Lecturer & Head
Department of English, H.P.B. Girls College,
Golaghat - Assam
The Shrimadbhagawatageeta, the great Indian book
containing the essence of Hinduism and explaining
the God-man relationship may also be interpreted
as the essential Doctrine of the Concept of Human
Resource and Spirit of Democracy. The Geeta, is
a long discourse on religion, God, spiritualism,
politics, war, ethics, worship, diplomacy, life and
so many issues and aspects spoken out and
explained by Lord Krishna to the warrior-friend
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Arjuna during a phase of the latter’s mood of
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depression at the Kurukshetra war. It is a
wonderful book of doctrines relevant in a
multifarious ways in the Indian context.
It is readable as a doctrine of principle of
harnessing the essential human resource of intellect,
thinking, natural abilities, instincts and all
potentialities to a purposeful humanitarian use. The
co-ordination and internal unity of all contradictory,
varied and seemingly unintelligible traits and view
of human life is also strong democratic principle
that is valid till today as idealized in the Geeta. The
proposed paper shall try to analyze the views with
suitable illustrations from the Geeta.
PAPER - 59
BHOJANA VIDHI : SCIENCE AND
SIGNIFICATION IN INDIAN
TRADITION
Shri L. Subramaniam, Bangalore
Eating, the material for eating, the styles of eating,
the purity in food products etc. have been a topic
of main interest in our literature and practice. Vedic
texts Puranas, Epics, Mahabharata, Ramayana
and the Ayurveda are their sources. It is
established that sins and diseases, the length of life
and potencies in body depend on the kind of food
consumed and also the way food is earned. It is
said, Aahara suddhau Sati Satva Suddhih. The
posture while eating is also a matter of great
importance discussed in our scriptures. Veda says,
we should not eat in the houses of murderers,
cheaters and wicked people.
This paper critically analyses the conditions for
cooking items for eating, cleaning measures for
food stuff and places and modes of eating attested
in scriptures and traditional practices. It would be
pointed out that even Gods depend on the
Bhojna Suddhi.
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THOUGHTS ON VASTU (MATERIAL)
AND
VAASTU (SHELTER) IN RAMAYANA
Smt. Lalithamma N. Swamy
Advocate, Bangalore
Ramayana is the first adikavya having Rama as
hero. Here Rama’s story is as Itivrtha. But the
Maharshi has made it a “Dharma Sastra” and
Rama as the very manifestation of Dharma. Ramo
Vigrahawan dharmoh. He and his wife together
with his brother Lakshmana lived in the forest.
Valmiki has provided many details and instructions
regarding materials and their selection for making
shelter. The ‘Suddhi’ part of the shelter is being
taken care of by Sita, the wife of Rama. For
example, when Lakshmana built hermitage, Sita
cleared the floor with cowdung mixed with water.
Cow and cow products have great antibiotic
effects.
This paper traces the principles of Vastu and
selection of Vaastu which enriched our Vedic
heritage and Indian tradition.
PAPER - 61
GODDESS LALITA AND HER
MUNDANE CONSCIOUSNESS
Shri B.V. Srikantaiah, Bangalore
Lalita Sahasranama, Durga Saptasati and
Saundarya Lahari are the three texts which
constitute ‘Srividya’, The Upasana of which
enables one to land in Svarya and comfort.
Goddess Lalitha, the Parasakti is portrayed and
her abode being ‘Sricakra’ full of mathematical
and tantric excellence. She herself takes the human
form to live the life and conscience of human being
(Lila manushavigraha). She assumes conscious
forms in order to quell enemies small and great.
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She destroyed typical demons like Visukra and lazy
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demnon like Bhanda. But the problem
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was that these demons were devotees to Devi in
a negative way.
This paper depicts the likes and dislikes, tastes and
distastes and other mundane antecedents depicted
in these sacred texts of Srividya. A message is
portrayed all through in the act of Devi Literature
that rise from mundane to super-mundane and
concrete conscience to abstract states like super
consciousness.
PAPER - 62
CONSCIENCE AND DUTY IN NON-
HUMAN CHARACTERS OF
VALMIKI RAMAYANA
Shri Vaidyanath Prabhakar, IOFS (Retd.), B'lore
Ramayana is a fine network of reality and
mythology. But more reality and instructions to
mankind is envisaged by Valmiki in that epic.
Ramayana is supported by conscience and duty
bound characters within any positive side or
negative side. Other than humans we see many
powerful characters who value conscience like
mischievous Vanaras, birds like crow and bigger
birds like Jatayu and Sampathi and several others.
Jatayu and Sampathi are the full fledged
characters. Basically both of them are brothers.
Sampathi is elder while Jatayu is the younger
brother. Both are equally skilled, strong and guided
by the sentiment of heroism, desire for protection
and selfless service. They exhibited gratefulness for
whatever help received from others. Both are the
best friends of Dasaratha. They ventured to rescue
Sita who was abducted by Ravana. Though that
Sampati, eagle bird by name is bound by
Sadgunas like gratefulness, obedience to the words
by Rishis etc. Still they are possessed by instinctive
characters. When Sampati was hungry, he saw a
band of Varanas and desired to eat them.
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This papers portrays the level of conscience and
Dharmic behavior commonly found even in the
class of birds. The family relations and love among
birds stand a model for generations to come.
PAPER - 63
GAYATHRI MANTRA LETTERS FOUND
IN SRI VALMIKI’S RAMAYANA
Shri B.S. Krishnan
’Saundaryalahari Sri’ & Guruji, Nagpur
Gayathri mantra is most important mantra found in
Vedas. Tripada Gayathri contains 24 letters. Each
line is to contain 8 letters but actually, the first line
contains only 7 letters, if the consonants are
counted. In Veda Chanda, it is usual to count the
letters. It is incorrect. But if you count the vowels
then it becomes 8 in the first line of the Gayathri
Mantra. Gayathri Mantra is repeated in the Vedas
to stress its importance. In this paper an attempt
has been made to show its description in Valmiki
Ramayana in a very unique way.
PAPER - 64
THE CONCEPT OF CASTE SYSTEM
IN THE SHRIMADBHAGAVATGITA
Shri N.C. Beohar, Advocate
24 Bharat Society, Nagpur Road, Jabaplur-1 M.P.
The concept of caste system is described in the
various shlokas of chapter eighteen of
Shrimadbhagvatgita although earlier on in Shloka
13 of chapter four Lord Krishna has said-‘
Chatur-varnayam maya sristam guna-karma-
vibhagasah,Jasya kartaram api mam vidhy
abartaram avyayam ie’’ the four classes have
been created by me according to the gunas and
duties they perform. In the shlokas 40 to 44 of
chapter eighteen, we learn that creatures are
conditioned by the three gunas of satvik,
rajas and tamas.
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The qualities of a Brahaman are self-control in
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body and mind, purity of heart, patience, humility,
learning and wisdom. The qualities of a Kshatriya
based on his nature are courage, strength, valour
and a willingness to lay down life in the battlefield.
The vaisyas have the attribute to do agriculture,
farming trade and commerce. The quality of a
sudra is to render service to his society. Everyone
has to perform his duties according to these
divisions of qualities and labour. This class-system
has come down to us since time immemorial. In
merit there does not appear anything wrong.
However it has been misused, with the result
imbalance in the society is created.
PAPER - 65
STATUS OF SANSKRIT AS A
LANGUAGE IN VEDIC AGE
Ms.Smita Dash, Research Scholar
&
Dr. S. Dash Faculty
Deptt. of Education, Dhenkanal Govt. Women’s
College, Dhenkanal, Orissa
Sanskrit is regarded as sacred language. It was
known as Language of Gods, but now it has
become also Language of Peoples. The Aryans did
not have a script of their own. Many contradictory
statements are found regarding the status of
Sanskrit language. Whether it was written or a
spoken language? Many opine that it was not a
written language. There are evidences to show that
to all intents and purposes, Sanskrit was a living
language and it was spoken by at least a large
section of people. Whatever be it’s antiquity, it is
of wonderful structure more perfect than the
Greek, more copious than the Latin and more
exquisitely refined having stronger roots of Verbs
and Grammar. In Sanskrit we find great
Literary works.
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There are five stages of development—Pre-vedic,
Rigvedic, Post Vedic Sanskrit, Classical Sanskrit,
Modern Sanskrit. Sanskrit acts like a mirror to see
the richness of Vedic Age. Sanskrit is part of
Vedic Civilization.
PAPER - 66
INDIAN CULTURE OF RIGVEDIC AGE
Ms. Manaswini Srichandan, Research Scholar
& matter of Aranyakas, also forms as an important
Dr. Sankarsan Dash , Faculty
Deptt. of Education, Dhenkanal Govt. Women’s
College, Dhenkanal, Orissa
Indian Culture is the ancient but richest in the world
civilization. The social life of Aryans in the
Rigvedic age was simple and sacred. Family was
the center of the social life of the Vedic Aryans.
Joint family set up was the prominent feature of the
Vedic culture. Vedic culture was the essence of
ancient rural culture with villages, which housed
many families. The food and drink habits of Aryans
were very simple. Some food were corn, rice,
wheat, fruits, milk, sura and somarasa. The
dresses were Nivi or Nimnavastra (Lower
garments), Paridhana, Adhivasa etc. Male and
female were using ornaments of gold and silver
with valuable stones. Recreation programs were
frequently organized. In the Gurukula System,
Acharyas were giving training and education on
ethics, religion, philosophy, warfare etc. All this
has positive impact to train and guide the
present community.
PAPER - 67
UPASANA IN THE UPANISHADS
Ms. M. Ranjini, Assistant in Sanskrit
Govt. Girls Higher Secondary School, Alathur,
Palakkad District, Kerala
Upanishads are the essence of Vedic thought. They
are considered as the Jnanakanda of Vedic
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literature. The bases of all Indian philosophical
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systems can be seen in the Upanishadic thoughts.
The Advaitins, Dvaitins and Visistadvaitins and
even the materialistic philosophies have drawn their
resources from the Upanishads. In contradiction to
the common belief that the Upanishads describe
merely about the Brahmavidya, a wide range of
subjects is dealt with in this literature. The
Upasana, which is considered as the subject
topic of description in Upanishads.
By a close observation it can be seen that a major
portion of the Upanishadic literature is used for
describing various Upasanas. Here in this paper
the effort is to trace some aspects of the Upasana
described in the principal Upanishads.
PAPER - 68
VAIDIKATAANTRIKA RITUALS
Dr. K.M. Sangamesan
Lecturer in Sanskrit Sahitya
Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit, Regional
Cetre, Tirur, Malappuram District, Kerala
The land of India has witnessed the origin and
development of divergent religio-philosophic
thoughts and practices. In broad sense, there are
two main streams in Indian culture - the Vedic and
the Non- Vedic. Along with the Vedic tradition
the Non-Vedic or the Tantric tradition also arose
and developed in India. This has a history and
literature as ancient and vast as that of the Vedic.
It has its own philosophical and ritualistic aspects
also. In the olden times the Non-Vedic thoughts
and practices were rejected and detested and
sometimes devastated by the Vedic people, as they
do not accept the authority of Vedas. In later age,
some Vedic saints have realised the value of the
Non-Vedic principles and they began to accept
some believes and practices of them. Gradually, by
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the synthesis of both Vedic and Tantric principles,
a cult, Vaidikataantrika by name, has emerged and
developed in India. This ritualistic culture has a vital
place in the socio-cultural history of Medieval and
Modern India. Here an attempt is made
in this paper to reveal some of the features
of this tradition.
PAPER - 69
PHILOSOPHICAL CONTRIBUTION
OF RAMANUJA
TO THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD
Dr. K. Rajagopalan, Lecturer
Department of Research, Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidvapeeth
(Accredited at NAAC by A+), Tirupati
Sri Ramanuja, a sincere student, a great teacher
and a great spiritual leader was a multi-faceted
personality. He was an able exponent of Vedanta,
the forerunner of Bhakti movement and established
the doctrine of Prapatti, easy way to attain
Moksha (liberation) irrespective of caste, creed,
and religion. Ramanuja as a social reformer and
above all, a great synthesiser of different
viewpoints, apparent opposites, and contradictions,
his hormonising influence was spread over a very
wide field, ranging from philosophy to practical
living. The biographic build-up of Ramanuja’s
personality is an essential preliminary to his
contribution to society in the wake of refinement
and reformation along the lines regarded as pure,
profitable, and enduring to manking. In any walk of
life, this aspect forms a necessary part of historical
estimate of a person’s worth and his contribution.
Ramanuja was a great scholar, great writer, great
thinker, great visionary, great devotee and above all
a great social reformer. Perhaps, all other aspects
are secondary when compared to his commitment
and zeal for social service and social reformation.
Ramanuja’s sole aim was to revive the abiding
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awareness of love and equality among men as
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participants in the social set-up, but not to disrupt
the social structure. Ramanuja cared more for the
downtrodden, ignorant and weaker sections in
society than for others who were intellectually and
spiritually more advanced and well placed in
society. His contribution to world is revealed in his
undying zeal for social reform as gathered from his
biography. An attempt is made in this paper to
focus the contributions of Ramanuja to the world.
With all eyes the world is awaiting such a great
scholar, philosopher, thinker to re-introduce peace
and prosperity among men.
PAPER - 70
REFERENCES OF VEDAS IN
SRIKRISHNA LILA TARANGANI
Shri S. Vaidyanathan, Bangalore
Vedas are the storehouse of knowledge. Vedas
describe the Parapurusha who is all pervading. In
Sri Krishna Lila Tarangini by Swami Narayana
Tirtha, there is excellence of Vedic tradition and the
glimpses and influence of Samaveda. The music
found in the shlokas of this Stotra granthas is
eternal and experience-oriented of bliss and
ecstasy. It would be interesting to trace the Vedic
influence and Vedic traits reappearing in the
personality of Sri Krishna herein. Tarangas are a
special mode for singing and doing Bhajans
suitable for Kaliyuga and remedial enough for
attaining Moksha. This paper portrays all the
Vedic Chayas visibly noticed in the shlokas of
note of the text.
PAPER - 71
MANAVATAVAADA IN THE RAMAYANA
Dr. Ramadhara Mishra
Sahadol-484001 (M.P.)
In the Ramayana of Valmiki, Shri Rama is
described as an ideal hero, having all attributes and
virtues. The story is framed to highlight social and
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human values. The paper is an attempt to present
certain aspects which are importance even in
modern context for the upliftment of an individual
as well as for a society (IN HINDI).
PAPER - 72
ROOTS OF CAMERALISM IN INDIA
AND CHINA WITH REFERENCE TO
KAUTILYA AND CONFUCIUS
Dr. Sundari Siddhartha, Former Reader,
I.P. College University of Delhi & Adyar Library,
Chennai
Cameralism is a mode of governance, which
evolved in Germany in the 15th century A.D. It was
a holistic concept of how a king should rule the
state, look after the welfare of the people and
strive for the economic sufficiency of the kingdom.
In the course of the development of the societies
and nations, this holistic approach was left behind
and economics, politics and their separative
methods came into existence. Now, in the twenty-
first century, the wheel has come the full circle.
People have realized that there is nothing called
part-progress. The entire society has to feel the
goodness of the governance in full measure for the
state to be peaceful and prosperous. Cameralism
is coming back, in effect, though not with the same
tag or nameplate. This cameralistic approach is
especially visible in the collection of thoughts of the
ancient intellectuals—Confucius and Kautilya.
A study of these two and their thoughts enables us
to perceive the roots of Cameralism, way back in
the centuries before Christ, in the ancient history of
China and India. The creative economist Confucius
was born in 552 B.C. roughly two centuries ahead
of the great Indian economist Kautilya. Both were
great administrators and teachers. Both wanted
power, but only to reform the world around them.
Both became premiers and succeeded in
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strengthening the regal authority by curbing the
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barons and the feudal lords that were unethically
ambitious. The two thinkers, each in his own way,
had evolved a method of government, which aimed
at the welfare of the whole state. This method
proved to be the cornerstone of the edifice raised
in Germany under the name of Cameralism.
PAPER - 73
VEDIC SYSTEM OF TEACHING-
LEARNING
(FROM WELCOME TO FAREWELL)
Dr. Sankarsan Dash, Faculty
Deptt. of Education, Dhenkanal Govt. Women’s
College, Dhenkanal, Orissa
Let us explore about education and the system
prevalent in later Vedic Age from vast body of later
Vedic literature, comprising what are called
Brahmanas, Aranyakas and Upanishadas.
Education was not regarded as an end in itself but
only as a means to an end i.e the attainment of
Brahmavarchasa, sacred knowledge or
knowledge of the absolute. Studentship starts with
‘Upanayana’ or initiation. The teacher lays his
right hand on the head of the newly admitted pupil
where by he becomes pregnant with him (Tena
Garbhi Bhavati). The pupil is like a divine
creature born for his teacher’s mouth. The teacher
is represented as indispensable to knowledge.
Father can be a teacher and teach his son. Teacher
cares the pupil as his son and pupil looks up to his
preceptor as his father. Duties of Teachers are
marked with no differences in their world of words
and world of works. The period of studentship was
normally 12 years.
Students duties are living in the house of teachers,
begging, tending fire and tending cattle. Elementary
Grammar, Etymology, Phonology, Vedic Studies
and many other courses of specialization are art of
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curriculum. The study may be carried on in the
town or village during the day or night according
to convenience. So formal, non-formal and
informal system of teaching of education were
prevalent. Aims and objectives of study and
teacher’s farewell address to students will also
discussed in the paper.
PAPER - 74
PERCEPTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS
IN VEDIC VANGMAYA
Dr. Brahma Ram Chaudary Dr. Alok
Chaudhary, M.D. & Mrs. Priyanka Singh
Hirakunj, Alok Sadan, Sharma Colony, Bikaner,
Rajasthan
Consciousness is a mental activity—Biochemical in
nature leading to the knowledge of self and the
social environment and it embodies the human
psyche. Consciousness ‘Chetna’ is life force
‘Pran’. This pranic energy is basically latent in all
forms down to the atom (Sri Aurobindo—The
Life Divine). This is supreme spirit. The Supreme
Divinity formed the Sun, Moon, Lightening, Earth,
Atmosphere etc. in the present just as He had
formed them in the preceding cycle Kalpa,
(Rigveda 10/ 190 / 3). A Kalpa—the cycle during
which the Universe continues to exist in a
manifested state consists of 4.320 billion years.
PAPER - 75
DEITIES AND CELESTIAL
CARRIAGES IN KALIDASA
Ms. Abha Kulshreshtha
Advocate, Delhi High Court, Delhi
In Sanskrit literature, a number of deities are
described along with their celestial carriages in the
form of different animals and birds. Various
incidents and stories connected with each form of
these deities are found narrated in our scriptures.
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Different carriages, vahanas in the form of animals
WAVES 8th India Conference - 32
and birds are attributed to these gods. All these are
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found described in our scriptures and literature just
to bring forth the magnificent glory of these deities
in the eyes of the devotees and readers.
Vahana is a carrier or vehicle. With regard to
deities, it stands for animals and birds who serve
the gods as carriages in Hindu mythology. In the
present paper, an attempt is being made to bring
forth a study of numerous deities, their glorious
qualities, attributes and their carriages in the form
of animals and birds for the enjoyment of
connoisseurs and devotees.
PAPER - 76
PLANT SCICENCE : LOTUS
BLOSSOMS IN KALIDASA
Prof. Sushma Kulshreshtha
Member, Faculty of Arts, University of Delhi;
Director, Kalidasa Academy of Sanskrit,
Music & Fine Arts, Delhi
Kalidasa was well versed in plant science and he
possessed commendable knowledge of the plant-
kingdom of India. He was very fond of plants,
trees and flowers of this country. He has
mentioned about 120 plants and trees in his works.
He has referred to more than forty kinds of flowers
in his works. He had a careful eye for colour. He
knew all the uses of various flowers. Women for
decoration used some flowers, while some flowers
were offered to deities. Kalidasa had full
knowledge of the habitat of flowers and also the
time of their bloom. It is remarkable that he had an
intimate knowledge of the form and colour of the
flowers. Glancing at his references to different
flowers, it appears that the lotus in its various forms
and varieties was his most favourite flower. He has
made 177 references to this lucky flower that has
achieved ‘Saubhagya’ at the hands of Kalidasa.
He has used 30 different words for this lovely
flower. In the present paper, an attempt is made to
show Kalidasa’s expertise in plant science with
reference to only one flower-kamala Lotus.
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ANCIENT SARASVATI : RECENT
RESEARCHES
Prof. Urmila Srivastava, Vivekanand Chair
Department of Religious Studies, University of
Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
The Aryan culture and civilization originated and
developed on the banks of Indian rivers. River
Sarasvati has been a witness to the activities-yajna,
stories, literature etc. of the Aryans, so it become
very devotional and honourable. This river was
considered to be one of the purest rivers of
Aryavarta. Indian culture accepts Sarasvati as the
Goddess of wisdom and knowledge and
establishes her statue in temples. The dictionary
meaning of Sarasvati is full of lakes or reservoirs,
full of water. According to oldest literature of
Aryavarta, river Sarasvati originated from the
Himalaya and merged in western sea. That very
Sarasvati affected by geo-physical changes had
begun to be extinct at some places and emerged
at some other places. It is also evident that due to
depletion of water, the Aryans had started
migrating to the Gangatic plains leaving the
Sarasvati basin.
Modern scientists have made reliable evidences of
the old course of the flow of Sarasvati water by
taking its photographs from the space satelites.
Sarasvati Sindhu Research Centre, Chennai is
also making effort to make the extinct Sarasvati
again visible over ground. It is thus engaged in
making the whole northwestern Indian desert of
Rajasthan and Kuchchha full of vegetable
and greenery.
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PAPER - 78
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THE MUSIC OF NATURE
Shri S. Chandra Pavan
C-29, Navard Officers Qts., 9-A, Boat Club Road,
Pune-411001
It is a well know fact that some Ragas like
Megharanjani, Deepakam, Sriragam have the
power to give rain, lit lamps without oil and bring
back the life to dead person etc. if these Ragas are
sung with excellences in voice and sounds. We can
find the scientific reference in Mahabharata that
space (Akasha) itself is the only sound producer
and the seven musical notes (Saptasvaras) are
eminating from the Akasha. And due to the
combinations of these Svaras, various Ragas are
sounding in the space itself. Sabara says that the
sounds are made manifest by the vocal apparatus
and not actually produced by them. The Vedas and
all other sources books and modern science say
that the sun is the cause for light, rain, heat, life etc.
According to ‘Tantra’ texts sound at
certain frequency is light and light at certain
frequency is sound.
An excellent musician with great devotion, purity
and perseverance can also produce rain and can
do other miracles, following particulars rules and
regulations laid down in music texts like
Natyasastra, Sangitaratnakara etc.
PAPER - 79
INDRA IN RIGVEDA
Ms. S.V. Annapoorna Devi,
Thirvananthapuram - 695020
The Vedic gods were deifications of natural
phenomena. is the most prominent Devata of the
Rigveda. In Rigveda, Indra is depicted as a
presiding force behind several phenomena and
symbolizes power, courage, valor and strength. He
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symbolizes the concept of the Supreme and on the
microcosmic lines, the principle of the individual
soul. There are diferent descriptions about the
origin of Indra in the Rigveda. Indra is said to be
originated from the overpowering strength and
energy. As soon as born, Indra becomes the first
of the deities and has done honour to the Gods by
his exploits. Vedas present a different Indra quiet
unlike the amorous one we are familiar with.
Though personified, he is a symbol of a ‘state of
being’ in the long journey towards the
absolute truth.
PAPER - 80
TREATMENT OF MENTAL
DISORDERS IN THE
SHRIMADBHAGAVADGITA
Dr. Dharma, Reader in Sanskrit
L.B. College, University of Delhi, Delhi and Joint
Secretary, WAVES, India Branch
The science of mental treatment is generally
considered as most modern. But this science has
been prevalent in India from the Vedic times. This
is proved by the hymns like Sivasankalpasukta
in Yajurveda. Here in this paper, an attempt is
made to present the Bhagavadgita as a peerless
treatise of this ancient science. Shri Krishna has
elaborated certain aspects related to the nature and
strength of mind, its relation with body and intellect
and also its functioning during favourable and
unfavorable circumstances. While mind is in
distress, man loses control over intellect and finds
his body in a helpless state. Arjun is its evidence.
Shri Krishna’s preaching is, to solve his problems
and to make him healthy mentally. In this way, we
can glean out some significant points from the
teachings of Gita regarding the treatment of mental
disorders which may still serve as an answer to the
present day’s problems of stressful life.
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PAPER - 81
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VAC IN THE RIGVEDA
Dr. (Mrs.) A.R. Tripathi
10/58, Indira Nagar, Lucknow-206016
The concept of Vac is one of the most significant
but yet most intrinsic and mysterious concept. The
ancient sages brooded deep enough on the inward
nature of the Vac. In Rig Veda Vac is not merely
a means of communication or receiving the human
ideas, feelings or emotions. Instead she has been
taken as energy, vital breath, or even knowledge.
She is the instrument of binding the boundless
infinite universe She carries the sound of infinity.
Vac is also presented as the will of Supreme
Brahman and has been associated with
consciousness existed in every being as vital breath.
The whole description prompts that Vac is the inner
energy or heat, the very reason for the
manifestation of the Universe. This concept laps up
in its fold both the universe of self and the world
of science. Later on this concept inspired both
philosophers and linguists to understand the real
nature and mystery of Vac.
PAPER - 82
VEDIC MATHEMATICS
Prof. Jagdish Luthra
C-12/92, M.I.G. Colony, Bandra (E), Mumbai-400051
Interest in the revival of Vedic Mathematics in
recent years is entirely due to Motilal Banarsi Das
Publishers, Delhi. They published number of books
on this subject including that of Late Swami
Krishna (Tirath Shankaracharya of Puri) and
inviting European Scholars to tour India to
propagate Vedic Mathematics in India. There is a
controversy about the book. How much
mathematics is there and how this is connected
with Vedas. In this paper, author has presented the
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view of both sides on the subject and conclusion
is left to the imagination of the readers, as author
does not feel competent enough to sit on judgement
of such a controversial subject.
Bodhayan Rishi, author of Bodhayan Shulb Sutra
in 3000 BC is supposed to be earliest
mathematician (Geometry) in India. There are other
Shulb Sutras known as Text Books, or Manuals
on Geometry and mensuration during
Vedic period.
PAPER - 83
KALPASUTRAS AND THEIR
CONTEMPORARY RELEVANCE
Dr. Vanitha Ramaswamy
A-002, Adarsh Residency, 47th Cross, 8th Block,
Jayanagar, Bangalore-560082
Kalpa is a branch of study, which has its roots in
the Brahmanas. The expression Kalpa means
scripts in which rites and rituals are described.
There are four divisions as Shrauta, Grihya,
Dharma and Sulba Sutras. The shrauta Sutras give
prescriptions of major public sacrificial rituals and
the Vedic mantras to be employed in different
sequences thereof. The Grhya Sutras deal with
various consecrations necessary for the
householder. The Dharma Sutras enjoin rules of
normal conduct in the family and in the community.
The Sulba Sutras give details of measurements
required for the construction of Vedic altars.
However, the term Yajya has a more profound
connotation. All noble deeds which are performed
with dedication and symbolised by no selfish
motivation are Yajya.
There is certainly a grandeur and magnificence in
the certainty of the purpose of Yajya. The paper
further discusses the universal relevance of Yajya.
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PAPER - 84
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ANALYSIS OF SAMIKARANA IN
INDIAN TRADITION
Dr. Y.S. Gayathri
Sree Balaji P.U. College, Hanumanthanagar,
Bangalore-560019
India is known for its intellectual heritage. Among
ancient scriptures, Ganitashastra is regarded of
utmost importance. Analysis of Samikarana in
ancient mathematics presents some significant
aspects especially in reference to the principles
elaborated by Acharya Aryabhatta, Varahamihira,
Brahmagupta, Mahavira, Bhaskara etc. Here in
this paper, an attempt is made to highlight them.
(IN SANSKRIT)
PAPER - 85
TECHNIQUES OF TEACHING IN THE
UPANISHADS
Dr (Smt.) K.S Ramaa
th
681, 11 B. Cross, 31st Main, I Phase, J.P. Nagar,
Bangalore-560078
Upanishads contain the gist of the Vedic literature
and are called the Vedanta. They are the outcome
of the continuous contemplation of the sages to
know the highest reality, the subtle cause of the
world, the driving force behind the creation,
sustenance and the annihilation. Atmavidya
(knowledge of self) is very difficult to understand.
To make the student understand the subject
without much difficulty, upanishads adopt many
ways or techniques.
The present paper tries to (1) Concentrate on the
various methods used in Upanishadic texts to make
the student understand and learn the subtle and
abstract science of Atmavidya. (2) To suggest the
implementation of these methods in present
education. (3) To explain the implications of these
techniques in effective teaching.
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VEDANTIC VIEW OF
CONSCIOUSNESS
Prof. J.P. Balodhi
Deptt. of Clinical Psychology, NIMHANS, B'lore.
The importance of the study of consciousness is
being forced upon the modern world through the
increasing recognition that the serious crisis of the
modern world can be resolved only through a
change in consciousness and not through further
technological changes in the outer physical world.
The study of mind and consciousness, now is not
limited to sensory processes and an outcome of
interaction between subject and object, rather it is
understood as a new opening in the field of
cosmos, universe and spirituality. Present paper will
focus Vedantic view on such issues and provide a
new way of understanding the whole range of
human consciousness.
PAPER - 87
JAINA CONSCIOUSNESS: ITS
GLOBAL ACCEPTABILITY
Dr. Kamla Jain, Former Reader in Philosophy
JMC, Delhi University, Delhi
Jaina Philosophy has rich metaphysics,
epistemology, logic and ethics. It has equally rich
potential for a social philosophy for global
acceptability; not for any class, creed or a country
but for the entire world. The three As (Ahimsa,
Anekanta and Aparigraha) cover everything that
the world needs today. The essential principle of
non-violence reigns supreme in its philosophy and
religion, the one and only one weapon against
unjust war and terror that the world is facing
today. Its non-absolutistic approach i.e. Anekanta
to understand truth or reality which is multi-faceted
and multi-dimensional, has a significant application
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in the form of a world-view that different cultures,
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religions and ideologies have to be treated with
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mutual respect and tolerance. This implicitly hints
at an awareness of limitations of our ability to
know the whole truth. The practical ethics of
Aparigraha in the form of Iccha-parimana—the
house holders’ determination of limiting his desires
highlights a genuine consciousness or caution of a
futurist thinker who can foresee the dangers of
modem consumerist culture showing alarming signs
of environmental degradation. Jaina contribution
can also be noticed in the establishment of social
equality of the status of women, their religious and
social emancipation, their education, inculcation of
self-reliance and a general independence from
caste or class domination specially the priestly
domination. However, all, this demands a genuine
sincere effort on the part of society to follow and
practice such an exhaustive philosophy.
PAPER - 88
OVERCOMING DUALISM : THE WAY
OF KASHMIR SAIVISM
Dr. S. Shashidharan
C-404, Sunflower, Valley of Flowers, Thakur Village,
Kandivli (E), Mumbai-400101
This paper seeks to draw attention to the
conception of mind-matter—consciousness in
Kashmir Saivism. The conception deserves
attention for the synthesis and holism that
characterize it. Matter, mind and consciousness are
three realities with distinct characters, yet they
constitute a single continuum. The contrast with the
Cartesian tradition characterized by the conception
of mind and matter as two different and
independent substances is striking. The deeply
etched duality has stonewalled attempts at
hypothesizing the nature of mind-matter relation.
That the same intuition of duality, albeit matter mind
duality now, underlies contemporary
Consciousness Studies, becomes evident from the
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core issue of brain-consciousness relation
addressed in these studies.
In contrast Kashmir Saivism works from a
fundamental conception of a primal reality which
despite being one, holds within its nature the
potencies for life, consciousness, energy, intellect,
mind and matter. Here mind, matter, and
consciousness, though distinct in character, yet
constitute a single continuum. This paper seeks to
unravel the intricacies of this unique conception of
their relation.
PAPER - 89
ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS IN THE
VEDIC LITERATURE
Dr. K. Satyanarayana,
Associate Professor of Sanskrit
Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar-
522510 (A.P.)
Environment and its various aspects are described
in the Vedic literature in detail. Here, we find
references related to all physical sciences. The
minute observations for mental peace and social
purity are most significant. All the three aspects of
environment—physical, mental and social will be
discussed in this paper giving references from
Vedic hymns (IN SANSKRIT).
PAPER - 90
SCIENCE, PHILOSOPHY AND
VEDANTA
Prof. A.D. Bohra, Chairman
Vedic Adhyayan Kendra, Jodhpur, Rajasthan
Ancient Rishis, also called Mantradrasta, were
philosophers and concerned with all natural and
social sciences besides the religion. The natural
sciences deal with knowledge of facts as
determined after direct observation and
experiments. Philosophy and science both
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essentially engage in search of ultimate reality.
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Modern scientist, like the Indian philosophers are
now moving fast towards the vision of uniformity in
the world not under the influence of any religion but
by the impact of results, explorations, observations
and analysis not only concerning microcosmic and
macrocosmic worlds but also deeper into where
and how consciousness is related to the physical
universe. The line of demarcation between mind
and matter, between object and subject is fast
getting diminished as a result of scientific
conclusions and in conformity with the
pronouncements made by the Philosophers.
Scientific theory of Big bang explaining creation
from singularity and sequence of five basic
elements is explained in Taitariya Upanishad .
Scientists and Philosophers are getting more and
more convinced with Vedanta which explains that
finite is the manifestation of the infinite and the
infinite is the basis of finite. The infinity of its very
nature cannot be achieved through finite means,
however precise they may be. There would always
remain some Supra- Mental knowledge
for human welfare.
PAPER - 91
DHANURVEDA : SCIENCE OF
WEAPONS IN ANCIENT INDIA
Dr. (Mrs.) Radha Krishnamurthy
38, Eleventh Main Road, Malleswaram, West,
Bangalore-560005
Defence of the country and the people against the
onslaughts of enemies was given the foremost
importance in ancient Indian polity. Science of
weapons was one of the compulsory subjects of
study prescribed for the kings, princes and
warriors. Different types of missiles and weapons
were manufactured and the science related to them
was taught and practised in a systematic manner.
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Dhanu or bow was the missile used in ancient and
medieval India by all classes of people for killing
enemies in war and also for hunting purposes.
Hence, the entire military art and science of ancient
India seem to have been comprehended by the
generic term—Dhanurveda. Dhanu is regarded
as the type of symbol of all weapons and methods
of welfare. The science of weapons was given
great importance and was studied as a Upaveda
(of Yajurveda) or a Vedanga. An attempt has been
made in this paper to bring out all important
factors related to the science of weapons in ancient
India—Types of weapons, bows, arrows, kunta,
gada, cakra, khadga etc., techniques as
sandhana, vyaya, targets, practice by students,
manifold tests, flaws of weapons and other
technical details are discussed briefly.
It is also interesting to note that in most of the
paintings and sculptures of ancient India, Gods and
Goddesses are depicted as holding different types
of weapons. Cult of weapons also became
prevalent and in some parts temples and shrines
were constructed for the worship of missiles like
Cakra. All the above points are elaborated in this
paper based on ancient Indian Sanskrit texts.
PAPER - 92
SANSKRIT : THE DEVA BHASHA
Lt. Col. K.R. Murthy
Arsha Vidya Gurukulam, AVG, Anaikatti,
Coimbatore-641008
Sanskrit is the only language in the world that calls
itself the voice of the Gods, Deva Vani. By calling
Sanskrit an Indo-European language it became a
part of a harem of languages, some of which are
obliterated and some are only in the libraries of the
West. Thus, a situation is created in which the
possibility to delve deep into the extraordinary
potential of the human mind, the marvel of the
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phonetic capabilities hidden in the vocal mechanism
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of the throat, and the origin of thought in the
innermost recesses of the Buddhi is not known.
The Bhava, Sabda and Vak- triputi if understood
well can make us see that this is a gift to the human
being by the Gods to make us communicate with
Ishwara as well as within ourselves and with the
entire living world. The sages analysed this divine
gift, which is bound to take us to Ishwara.
Take for example, the Sphota theory. This is a
phenomenon that occurs every trillionth of a
second. Once a Vak enters the mind through the
ear as Sabda the mind scans and exposes so many
millions of thoughts, pictures, memories till you hear
another word when similar ramifications take
place. Now concepts start taking shape, reaction
starts and response also waits to get transformed
into vak. In all this, which exactly is language?
Where are the Gods acting? in the pasyanti?
Vykhari? We cannot escape from the fact that
those who had such a deep understanding of
communication knew how to transmit it from
generation to generation. In essence my submission
is that we as a nation have to go to our roots and
establish hundreds of Ashrams wherein the ancient
system of imparting Sanskrit knowledge in the old
Gurukula mode is followed, coupled with the
entire gamut of latest gadgetry to know what all
there is to be known.
PAPER - 93
MAHAKAVI ABHINANDA’S
PHILOSOPHICAL CONSCIOUSNESS
Dr. Ram Jeet Misra, Head
Sanskrit Department, Bareilly College, Bareilly (U.P.)
Ramacarita, an epic in forty four cantos, of
Abhinanda is a magnificent epic which deals with
Rama’s story. In the history of Sanskrit
Mahakavyas it occupies a unique place. The poet
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has full command on vocabulary. The diction is
elegant. Appropriate words for every occasion are
used without any effort. He is uttered by critics as
‘Vagishwar’ (Lord of words). The eminence of
Abhinanda as a poet is attested by the fact that he
enjoyed name and fame in his life-time. It proves
his greatness. He discovered new beauty in the
language. He presented Hindu learning, culture and
ideals. His conception of life and love was noble.
His Ramacarita shows him as a scholar of ancient
scriptures and the system of philosophy. The poet
is not only richly endowed with taste and
accomplishments in arts and letters but great in
religious and philosophical love. Abhinanda has
delineated almost all the systems of philosophy in
his Ramacarita.
Ultimate Reality, according to Abhinanda, is Atman
or Brahman which is pure consciousness (Jnana-
Svarupa) or consciousness of the pure self
(Swarupa-Jnana) which is devoid of all attributes
(Nirguna)and all categories of the intellect.
Through this paper an attempt has been made to
highlight the philosophical consciousness
of the poet.
PAPER - 94
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSCIOUSNESS
AS REFLECTED IN RIGVEDA
Dr. Mrs. Pramod Bala Misra, Reader
Deptt. of Sanskrit, Bareilly College, Bareilly (U.P.)
About Vedas the greatest Vedic scholar of 19th
century Maharishi Swami Dayanand Saraswati has
very aptly remarked “Vedas are treasure house of
all true knowledge and the efficient cause of all true
knowledge, and all that is knowable through
knowledge is only God Almighty”. In this
reference the statement of Yogiraj, Shri Aurobindo
Ghosh is also remarkable when he said, “The
ancient civilization did possess secrets of science,
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some of which modern knowledge has recovered,
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extended and made rich and precise, but others
are even now to be recovered. There is nothing
fantastic in Dayanand’s ideas that the Vedas
contain truths of science and truths of religion
(Dharma)”. In my opinion Vedas as full of all sorts
of knowledge possible in this Universe and behind
the Universe.
There are mainly two types of objects in our
surroundings, they are either animate or inanimate.
Air, water, soil, light and clouds are inanimate.
They constitute Abiotic component of the
environment. Both Biotic and Abiotic components
together constitute the natural environment. Man
has changed and modified. Natural environment to
suit his requirements. Man-made environment is
called ‘Socio-Cultural Environment. In Rigveda, all
types of environmental concepts are found. Our
Rishis had insight to see in past, present and future.
Through this paper, an attempt has been tried to
find out the concept of environment, environmental
pollution and the Vedic ways to remove that
pollution for the survival of mankind.
PAPER - 95
RAMAYANA—A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
OF TECHNOLOGICAL AND
SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS
Shri Prashant Bhardwaj
#467, Sector-12A, Gurgaon, Haryana
(Ph. 0124-2064241)
The importance of Science and Technology has
been recognised by humanity from the earliest
period of human history. This is not a new
discovery monopolised by the west. Our ancient
epics like Ramayana and Mahabharta interpret
many scientific aspects. Not only epics
Upanishada, Darshan also illustrate the same. We
can say that our science originated right from the
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Vedic period. Infact, Vedic knowledge is the
foundation of modern science.
Ramayana is the universal source of Astronomy,
Joyotish, mathematics, education, transportation,
and communication. Rishi Bhardwaj is author of
Vaimainc Shastra. Pushpak Vimana mentioned
in Ramayana is a mystery for scientists even today.
Modern engineers failed to build such type of
Vimana. The weapons used in the Ramayana war
(e.g. Brahamasta, Nagpashasta etc.) are similar
to modern weapons like missiles, Rocket
launchers etc. “Rameshvaram Setu” sets best
example for the advancement in the field of
Engineering. Lives saving drugs Like “Sanjivani”
highlights that people were well aware of Medicine
and health science. The main aim of this paper is
to highlight scientific aspects in the Ramayana and
their source in rare documents that interprets
these findings.
PAPER - 96
ASTROLOGY IS PERFECT SCIENCE
Prof. Sureshwar Sharma, Commission Member
UGC, New Delhi
Principal Govt. Model Science College (Autonomous)
Pachpedi, Jabalpur (M.P.)
A trial court was organized between scientist’s
astrologers to test whether astrology is a science.
Hon’ble judge was Justive Ramkrishna Raju.
Scienctist Dr. P.M. Bhargava asked to Shri
Subrahamanyam Shastri-an Astrologer to speak
about the characters, behaviour and deeds of 10
well-known late personalities only on the basis of
their horoscope. Their names were kept
confidential. It was a hot debate because scientists
did not agree with the answers given by
astrologers. Just by reading the prescription chart
of an unknown patient, another doctor cannot
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speak about his exact sufferings and symptoms. So
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is the horoscope because that is a calculated and
computed chart, a prediction made by the
astrologer is based on his experience and
awareness regarding person – place and time to the
concern. Correlative studies are to be made to
refine the science in modern context, which is not
being done. Cosmological principles and scientific
postulates are changing and therefore these are
being amended time to time. Science is nothing but
ever inquisitiveness, which guides to explore the
facts through systematic approach and study. It is
endless quest to reach the truth. It is however, the
way not the goal.
If any knowledge does not fit in the known
scientific framework, it cannot be labeled as
unscientific. Horoscope is plotted on the basis of
date, place and time of birth. Accurate time of
birth of a child is when it begins his first breath and
cries. On this recorded moment calculation of sign
degrees of the planets, there location, direction of
movement, aspect with other details can be made
properly. In most of the cases, due to lack of
exact time of birth, charts are plotted wrongly.
Therefore predictions do not get actualised.
Despite all precautions taken by the doctor, if a
patient dies on the operation table, this does not
mean that medical science is no science. If a bridge
collapses due to corrupt practice, this does not
mean civil engineering is no science. Several
scientific theories put forth today are discarded
tomorrow. Scientists of secular lobby are expected
to be open-minded for knowledge originated from
India. Now they should throw away their cover of
mental slavery. They should be proud of Indian
wisdoms, contributed by our seers and sages.
Scientist should work for pride and identity of our
Vedic traditions to achieve universal
peace and progress.
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VEDIC MIND AND ITS
MANAGEMENT
Dr. Mrs. Kirti D. Pandey, Head, Department of
Management Studies
Matagujri Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Civic Centre,
Marhatal, Jabalpur, MP
The quest of Mind and Matter is still continued
since the dawn of the humane civilization.
Intellectuals of world are divided in two schools:-
(1) The Eastern seers and sages of Vedic age who
preferred mind to be refined first so that the same
could be managed by inner conscious i.e. Atman
to march toward perfection and salvation through
four objects of human pursuit i.e. Dharma =
Discharge of duties; Arth = as per dharmic
directives – acquirement of wealth; Kama =
gratification of desires with propriety of conduct
and Moksha = Final emancipation or deliverance
i.e. liberation from all worldly bondages. (2) The
Western thinkers who have no idea of final
liberation i.e. Moksha and don’t have wider and
extensive concept of Dharma over religion.
Therefore, “Management of Mind” is radically a
Vedic concept while west is deprived of it. One
hears all talk, primarily stressing upon “Material
management” creating lack of human values with
universal integrity and ignorance regarding soul of
man in totality with respect to nature at large
consequentially resulting into rootless people
drifting from crisis to crisis, instead of being in
control of a situation with harmony of sound
reasoning, emotions and practically applicable
positive attitude; something which can only be
achieved through mind management.
The paper refers to Upnishads, specially Taittiriya
Upanishad—its concept of mind and its
management through wholistic approach. The
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paper deals with the fact that the whole ‘Vyashti’
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i.e. individual and ‘Samashti’ i.e. the human
society and ‘Srishti’ i.e. the environment and the
whole universe is a closely woven net where even
the slightest vibration has its impact on the human
mind and the whole cosmic structure. The mental
energy and its reflection in our day to day life is the
core subject of this paper which is still far beyond
the reach of material scientists. Paper describes five
leveled sheaths or ‘Koshas’ of human mind and its
proper management to orient the perfect behaviour
of Human beings. This is to be practiced for a
better human society.
PAPER - 98
PHYSICS AND METAPHYSICS
Shri P.S. Waiker, Director (Retd.)
CQA Radar, Ministry of Defence, Bangalore-560040
The Purpose of this paper is to study certain topics
which have been discussed both in modern science
and in scriptures. The modern science studies and
analyzes things to be the best of its ability in the
visible range with the aid of experiments and
ingenious instruments and devices, while the
scriptures give some aspects that cannot be
observed in the visible range and physical range
however powerful or sensitive the instruments may
be. They speak from the standpoint of spiritual
plane. They are invisible to or undetectable by the
human senses. Nevertheless they are facts. It is up
to any inquisitive mind to study and appreciate.
There are many amazing facts like these. But I
have chosen only a few topics mentioned below to
bring home certain obscure matters to light. 1. The
water 2. Making of the pearls 3. The Nadis is or
the Astral tubes. 4. Conversion of iron to Gold 5.
The Juices of tree, leaves, flowers and fruits. 6.
When sun can be seen with bare eyes. 7. The
digestion of food in all beings and self-stethoscope.
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origin of life. The Like-minded people may ponder
over these topics aided by scriptures.
PAPER - 99
ANCIENT MEDICAL SCIENCES:
ORGANISATION OF HOSPITALS
Mrs. Shashi Prabha Goel,
Former Reader, SCERT, Delhi
D/E 128, Tagore Garden, New Delhi-110027
It is usually believed that there were no hospitals
in ancient times and the treatment was given at the
patients house or at the house of the Vaidya but
various references are now available which prove
beyond doubt the establishment of hospitals for the
purpose of operations. Acharya Charak mentions
that the engineer should design a strong and
spacious building, well ventilated. The recovery
should be pleasing. One should feel happy to walk
in, free from sounds and smells. Minute details are
available for stairs, bathrooms, kitchen, staff,
servants, cooks, massagers, and medicines. No
one should show displeasure to any order.
The companions were required to be good singers,
musicians, storytellers. Special departments were
provided for ladies and children. The beddings
should be well purified. Special wards were there
for those who had undergone surgical operations.
References to the qualities of a good nurse are
found in Buddhist literature and in Ashoka’s edicts
where mention is made of hospitals for animals
also. Houen Tsang mentions Punyashalas where
poor were provided medicines, food, clothing and
other necessaries of life. Fahian mentions charitable
dispensaries.
PAPER - 100
AYURVEDA IN BHAGWADGITA
Prof. Vaidya Suresh Chaturvedi
Ayurvedacharya
48, Mahant Road, Vile Parle (East), Mumbai – 400 057
Ayurveda is the holistic science, which helps in
achieving healthy and happy life. The principles
T WAVES 8th India Conference - 42
and philosophies are logically and scientifically for
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the betterment of mankind. Ayurveda is closely
related with Atharvaveda as Upaveda. The
significance and importance of Mantras are also
highlighted in Ayurveda. The Bhagwad Gita also
covers some important principles, philosophies and
approaches, which are closely related with
Ayurveda. There are similar topics namely the
origin of universe and evolution of mankind. The
Panchatatva siddanta, as well as Indiryas,
Manas, Atman are described there. For sustaining
the life the vital role of Ahara, Nidra,
Brahamcharya, Sadachara, Ritucharya are
mentioned. Yoga and the philosophies and
principles of Sankhya Darshan are also equally
highlighted.
The Ayurveda and Gita lucidly emphasized the
Dharma (duties), Artha (Object of the organs),
Kama (Desire) and Moksha (Salvation) for
supreme health and happiness of the human being.
PAPER - 101
CONSCIOUSNESS IN
THE UPANISHADS
Prof. R.I. Ingalalli
Department of Philosophy, Karnataka University,
Dharwad, Karnataka
In the Vedic tradition many Upanishads contain the
cardinal concept of consciousness as Prajnana or
Prajna. Upanishad of Rigveda consists of the
Mahavakya : Prajnanam brahma as
“Consciousness is reality”. And Mandukya
Upanishad also analyses the nature of Atman as
self characterised by the four quarters namely
Visva, Taijas, Prajna and Turiya each of which
is defined in terms of specific modes of
consciousness (Prajna). In the sequel, the analysis
of consciousness in the two Upanishads is given.
According to Aitareya Upanishad (3-1-2)
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cognitive facts and functions like knowledge,
thinking, perception, memory, etc. are the forms of
consciousness. Prajnanam also connotes presence
of mind as awareness. Normally mind and intellect
function on the basis of consciousness. In the next
section of the Upanishad (3-1-3) there is an
ontological characterization of reality in terms of
consciousness. The universe has consciousness as
its eye. Accordingly consciousness pervades static
and dynamic aspects of realty. Mandukya
Upanishad (2 to 7) mainly analyses the three forms
of consciousness of the soul which has the fourth
major state (Turiya). The three minor states of
consciousness pertaining to the states of waking,
dreaming and sleep are successive, however, they
are to be incorporated in the fourth major state;
that is to say that presence of the soul is common
to the three states. Modern analysis reveals certain
interesting facts. For instance psycho-biological
experiments have shown that the fourth major state
during meditation imply restful alertness. However,
the fundamental regulative principles of
consciousness function as necessary conditions for
the possibility of scientific observations. In a
knowing situation, a knower, a known fact and its
knowledge have different orders of consciousness.
PAPER - 102
INTELLECTUAL CHALLENGES
FACING HINDU LEADERSHIP TODAY
Mr. Harsh Verma, Faculty
Department of Management, Indian Institute of
Business Management, Patna, Bihar
Hindu leadership today faces grave intellectual
challenges that must be overcome in order to
enable the community to move forward. Hindu
civilization flowered in ancient India when the
Hindu leadership allowed debate, allowed and
patronized the use of the scientific method to
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explore material reality, reasoned and explored a
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diversity of views on any issue. The subsequent
decline of India and the defeat and stagnation of
Hindus occurred when Hindu leadership began to
champion traditional orthodoxy. Their inability to
understand the issues thrown by the Islamic
invasions led to slavery for several centuries.
This paper attempts to show that even today
Hindu leaders are unable to understand the realities
facing the Hindu community. Even today the Hindu
leaders neither understand nor are concerned of
the repeated mistakes and blunders that they made
so that those failures will continue to haunt us
indefinitely. The only reaction to controversial
issues has been of outright denial or an absolute
closure with a tendency to engage in violence as if
sweeping them under the rug would remove them.
And instead of coming up with a reasoned critique
of the issues before Hinduism, there is increasing
escape into sweet nothings mouthed by a multitude
of religious preachers crowding the airwaves. The
paper explains the strategies that need to be
employed by Hindu leaders in order to face the
attacks made on Hindus and Hinduism by its
enemies.
PAPER - 103
THE VEDIC HERTIAGE :
DESIRE FOR A NOBLE SON
Dr. Kanak Lata Dubey
Reader, Jagat Taran Girls Degree College,
Allahabad, U.P.
The oldest literature of the world, the Vedas are a
vast ocean of knowledge and science. The roots of
all the human values are found in them. The utility
of human life is found in having a worthy son. The
son with good qualities glorifies the society, family
ancestors, relations and himself. It is mentioned in
the Rigveda that the son must be obedient. As the
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son himself obeys the father, similarity the
Yajaman obeys the orders of the Fire God.
In one of the mantras a request has been made
with the Fire God to give a son who follows the
truth and is able to win the enemies. All these
qualities are fully reflected in the personality of
Lord Ram in Ramayana. (IN HINDI)
PAPER - 104
VEDIC HERTIAGE : THE
GANDHARVA ART
Dr. Suman Dubey
Part time Research Associate, Department of Sanskrit,
University of Allahabad, U.P.
In ancient Indian culture sixty-four arts are
described in which singing is the first and the
foremost. It is so mentioned in the Samveda. In the
very beginning the art of music has been flowing in
the two different streams. The 1st one is Margi
and the 2 nd one is Deshi. According to the
traditions the refinement of art is practiced for
beautifying the society. The Sama songs are used
inVedic rituals. In Deshi songs free verses are used
where the emphasis is given on peoples’
entertaiment. This category of songs is popularly
known as Gandharva art in society. It may be kept
in mind that Margi & Deshi are interdependent.
Both are concerned with public life and their roots
are non-controversial. The semi Gods are known
as Dev singers by the musicians. Thus the
Gandharva Art is found based on the Vedic
tradition. (IN HINDI)
PAPER - 105
AGRICULTURE IN THE VEDAS
Dr. (Ms.) Praphulla, Sanksrit Department
Christ College, Bangalore-560029
The Vedas deals ample with agriculture. Agriculture
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is perhaps the first bond that connects civilized
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people with one another. Every living being needs
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foods for its maintenance and metabolic activities
and no human being can depend on nature for
food, it is good that it so otherwise there would
have been no impetus for man to rise above wild
nature. Inner faculties of man come into play first
of all in providing food. The Vedas teach us how
to till the soil. The occupation of the farmer is
weary. The farmer works is not humble. It carries
with it the respect of all. He is the lord of the field.
All those who live upon his produce look upon him
with veneration. “May this earth replete with seas,
rivers and water resources, excellent food grains
from agriculture. Prolific vegetation and abundant
living creatures bestow upon as magnificent
nutrition. The earth is my mother, I am earth’s son.
Rain is my father. Let him bring us up. O earth,
may summer, rainy season, winter, autumn, chilly
season, spring, in short all seasons yield to us all
kinds of produce”.
The grain separated from straw was sieved with
sieve called as Titau (RV. .X .71.21) or a
winnowing fan called as Dhanvakrita (RV.94.12).
The measuring vessel was called Urdara
(RV.II.14.11) the grains were stored in grain
receptacies called Sthivi (RV.X.68.3). Thus we
can find that the agriculture was a profession and
life for Vedic people.
PAPER - 106
MARRIAGE CEREMONY IN
THE RIGVEDA
Mrs. M.N. Shylaja
Vinyas Advertising, No. 52, IInd Floor, Vani vilas
Road, Basavanagudi, Banglore-560004
Marriage is an auspicious occasion which brings
together two individuals and two families for the
upliftment of society as a whole. In the first sukta
of the seventh Anuvaka of Rigveda, this is
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established by Surya, a Rishika. Here the marriage
of Surya and Soma is picturised. The first five
verses have Soma as the deity. Soma is referred to
as supreme in heaven, the strength of earth. The
last mantras envisage the role of wife in a happy
married life. The marriage procession and bridal
attitudes are also being described. The 13th mantra
picturises Surya’s bridal procession which seems to
refer to some astronomical fact when the third
wheel is referred. In 20th mantra the chariot
ascended by Surya is described as made of
Kimshuka and Shalmali. Thus we find the
description of wedding celebrations in the Rigveda.
PAPER - 107
CONCEPT OF RITA IN
THE RIGVEDA
Dr. Ganesh Dutt Sharma,Former principal
L.R (PG) College, Shaibabad, U.P.
Rita has been depicted as the base of Cosmos
and controller of nature in the hymns of Rigveda.
The birth, growth, and existence of gods is also
based on Rita. The big atmosphere, enlightened
heaven and spread earth are the expansion of
Rita. Like Nature or physical world Rita is base
of mankind or human world too. Dwijas are said
to be the first born of Rita. The path of life of the
man who maintains and performs Rita becomes
easy and comfortable. With the performance of
Rita a man supersedes all the troubles and evils.
Rita is the origin of peace and happiness. All the
achievements belonging to this world and the
world beyond are obtained by Rita (RV
10.154.4). Rita induces the man, society and
nation to conduct moral deeds. (RV 10.124.5). In
reality, Rita is the pivotal point of the entire
Cosmos and as such it governs and supports the
inexorable laws of human life as well as the
physical world.
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PAPER - 108
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IMPACT OF SARASWATI IN RIGVEDA
Dr. Gyanaranjan Panda, Research Associate
(Orrisa Chair)
R.S. Vidyapeeth (Deemed University), Tirupati-517507
Saraswati is one of the very few Vedic deities who
has come down from hoary antiquity to modern
times. Fully retaining her universal appeal to all and
worshipped by the intellectual, Hindu, Jain and
Buddhist, though under different names. While
some of the mighty deities of the Vedic Pantheon
receded to the background, were reduced to in
significant status or gradually disappeared altogether
from the Hindu Pantheon giving place to new ones.
The Goddess Saraswati of the Rigveda has
gradually risen to prominence and has became, in
due course, the fullfledged Goddess of learning and
wisdom of the whole of Bharat Varsa. In the
Rigveda Saraswati unfolds her two-fold nature as
river and as deity and has been distinctly and
clearly described.
River Saraswati, is described in RV as Naditama
and Sindhu Mata. She as a River has almost lost
her Vedic identity and has become a River of Vedic
myth. The River Saraswati was indeed an Indo-
Iranian river with her analogue Anahita found
described in the Zena Avesta. But Saraswati as the
deity of Wisdom and eloquence came down
through the ages.
PAPER - 109
YAJNA AS FOUND IN RIGVEDA
Prof. T. Thomas Varghese, English
Marthoma College, Tiruvalla, Kerala
Rigveda deals with Yajnas. According to
Atharveda when we reach the ultimate, we attain
the ultimate (svaruup). Even in Rigveda there are
indications of a blissful state for all Jivatmas.Yajna
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involves knowledge. Yajna is for the perfection.
In Rigveda Prajapati is to worship through
Yajnas.As Prajapati reaches the zenith of glory
through sacrifice for bringing about revival of
life,and attainment of perfection for human beings.
The mystical immolation of Purusha is seen in the
Rigveda. Yajna is still relevant today for mankind
and universe for bringing them into perfection, if
we could got the wisdom of the Rigveda. In this
paper I wish to discuss the details of Yajna as
found in the Rigveda. I also wish to deal other
related aspects of Yajna in my presentation.
PAPER - 110
NEW DIMENSIONS OF STUDY IN
VEDIC SCIENCES
Dr.Vimla Devi, Head of Sanskrit Department
Hindu P.G. College, Ghazipur, U.P.
Vedas are generally regarded as the scriptures of
Paravidya. But today scholars have considered
them as the books of pure sciences, in which we
can also find principles of various discplines of
technical sciences. Certain aspects of medical
science and Yogic way of treatment as depicted in
the Vedas will be discussed in this paper.
(IN HINDI)
PAPER - 111
KRINVANTO VISHWAMARYAM
(spread of Vedic Traditions in the world)
Dr.Sharad Hebbalkar, Former Vice-President of
Arts, Commerce and Science, Degree College at
Ambajogai, Maharastra. Dharini, Adarsha Colony,
Ambajogai, Maharastra-431517
Krinvanto Vishwamaryam is an exhortation of a
Rigvedic Rishi. The full import of this magnificent
world-view has to be found in the traditions which
have been spread from Bharat. The roots of
maritime civilization can be traced from many
Rigvedic references and other ancient texts. There
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are cultural artifacts found in almost all south-east
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Asian countries and many countries in Asian,
African and American continents: Brahmadesha,
Kamboja desha, Shyama Desha, Lava Desha,
Champa Desha, Malayadvipa, Suvarnadvipa,
Trivishtapa, Cheen, Korea, Japan, Rusa and into
the west in Gandhara, Iran,Turkisthan, Iraq,
Europe, Africa (Shanka Dvipa) and Sapta Paataal
(America). These transfers of tradition from Vedic
Bharat can be found in inscriptions, temple
architecture, Shilpa, rituals, festivals, languages and
cultural traditions. The Dharma and Vrata identified
in the exhortation was that the Amrutaputras of
the world should imbibe the insights and
observations made by Vedic Rishis and Munis in
creating a culturally vibrant and peaceful world.
This resonates with the other exhortation: sarve
bhavantu sukhinah.
PAPER - 112
RESTRUCTURING THE HERITAGE
FROM THE PRESENT
Professor Satish C. Bhatnagar,
Las Vigas, USA.
The following seven points from the present are
used to back track into the antiquity of India:
1. Language : Rarely any Hindus understand
Vedic Sanskrit in which Hindu scriptures are
written and its rituals (Sanskars) are performed
by priests.
2. Common Beliefs : Hindus of the world do
not believe in any one tangible principle
3. Places of Worship : Hindus irregularly go to
their temples and have no stake in them in
terms of its membership, or obligation .
4. Mentality : Hinduism promotes ultimate
individuality, sometimes at the cost of its
collective welfare. Christianity and Islam begin
and flourish with a group.
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5. Conversion : Hinduism focused on
individuality has no room for conversion as a
strategy to welcome new members.
6. Caste System : Hinduism is embedded in the
caste system that sets it apart from other
religions.
7. State Religion (Raj Dharma) : But Hinduism
in India has never been a state religion for well
over 1000 years.
PAPER - 113
THE VEDIC HERITAGE OF
HARMONY WITH NATURE AND
ENVIRONMENT
Dr. Naval Kishore Bhabhra, Vice Principal,
Govt. Girls College, Ajmer (Rajasthan)
The Vedas serve as the constitution of life that
realizes the inner sensitivity of the nature
surrounding its inherent, and us cordial uniformity
with the life on the earth. It always prays for the
natural amiability and universal harmony. The Vedic
‘Shanti mantra’ the prayer for peace is still
vibrant with a spontaneous, magnanimous and
enchanting invocation of harmonious peace for the
whole universe.
This Vedic vision of peace is exhilaratingly
magnanimous in its desire for hilarious harmony in
and among the natural elements, consequently
urging them to deliver their good to us, to bless us
with health, happiness and peaceful life. This
eternal and earnest appeal for natural harmony is
all the more meaningful today when we are
converting this loving life-land into a polluted
wasteland. We are breathing in smoky, suffocating
air diseased with ever-growing pollutions all
around, the blue bright sky gradually turning
blurred, the waters growing filthy with dirt and
poisonous chemicals. The Unity and amity of man
T WAVES 8th India Conference - 47
and nature in Vedic tradition in based on
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philosophical and spiritual oneness, as it they
reflect the same super consciousness.
The earth, the rivers, the mountains, the vegetation
and herbs, the sky and the air – are not merely
elements of nature for us, the Vedic heritage
regards them as inseparable parts of our life,
having grateful, emotive bonds with them. The
earth is like the mother (Atharva Veda, 12) .The
rivers like the Ganga and the Godavari command
our exhilarating devotion, the Himayaya for us is a
symbol of parental pantones. The Vedic message
of soothing tranquility and calm, composed and
serene harmony with nature and environment could
serve as a solace to the generation and maladies of
the present generation, diseased with ever-
expanding pollutions.
PAPER - 114
KUMARA RAMAYANA
Dr.M. Ramachandraiah, Bangalore
This work is in manuscript form and unpublished.
It is written by a Sanskrit scholar, Madhavaram
Subrahamanya Shastry of Andrha Pradesh. He
was Asthan Vidwan of Gadwal Maharaj in 19th
Century A.D. This manuscript is atleast 2 centuries
old when Valmiki Ramayana was Jestha
Ramayana, this is considered as Kumara
Ramayana. We see both the brohers Ganesha and
Kumaraswami having been represented in size and
volume. This is written in Telugu characters which
is even today quite glowing not fading away. The
division of Kumara Ramayana is just on the model
of Valmiki Ramayana. The style of this text appeals
to be quite simple and elegant in many times
reminding the style pattern of Valmiki Ramayana
itself. Subramanya Shastry of Guntur, Andhra
Pradesh made the discovery of this manuscript,
and this is made available through my Guru Dr.
C.L. Prabhakar.
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THE SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE OF
VEDIC RIUALS IN THE PRE-NATAL
SANSKARAS OF CHILDHOOD
Mrs. J.B. Ravichandrika
rd
No. I/1, 3 Templa Street, Malbeswaram, B'lore-560003
This paper discusses-
1. The importance of Vedic rituals in the initiation
of foetus (Garbhadana)
2. Pumsavana and its scientific basis.
3. Simantonnyan—the parting of hair of the
pregnant woman and its physiological
importance.
4. Jatakakarman—A ceremony that enhances
the intellect of the child and its longevity.
5. Namakarana—name giving ceremony
according to the culture and education of the
family.
Finally a conclusion is drawn on the scientific
stages of development of the foetus and child with
ceremonies mentioned above.
PAPER - 116
PROTECTING HUMAN RIGHTS
THROUGH HUMAN DUTIES:
A VEDIC PERSPECTIVE
Prof. Nalini Kant Jha, Head
Department of Politics and International Studies,
Pondicherry University, Pondicherry-605014
It is often argued that the concept of human rights
was unknown in India; it is essentially a gift of
ideals of the French Revolution or American War
of Independence, which later on was codified in
the UN Declaration on Human Rights. Since the
Vedic society was based on the Varna system, it
is further argued, the Vedic or post-Vedic literature
does not talk about human rights. A careful look
T WAVES 8th India Conference - 48
at the Vedic and post Vedic works will, however,
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show that while the Indian theorists did not talk
about human rights, they provided finest examples
of protecting human rights through observing
human duties, values and human concerns
epitomized in the concept of Dharma. A look at
ancient Indian literature will clearly show that the
concept of Dharma, was a much wider concept
than religions, which includes human duties and
obligations in various walks of life, which alone
distinguishes human beings from animals.
The observance of Dharma or duties also protects
each other’s rights automatically. In that case there
will be no need for fighting for protection of rights.
This method of protecting rights through observing
duties will be much better than first talking about
rights and then only about duties. For, an emphasis
on duties leads to generosity love and sacrifice,
whereas an emphasis on rights leads to selfishness,
tension and conflicts. The Vedic sages therefore
gave priority to duties over rights without of course
ignoring the rights.
PAPER - 117
TIME RECKONING : A VEDIC
CONTRIBUTION
Mr.Saurabh Kumar Keshav, Student, B. Tech,
II Yr (Computer Science)
Pondicherry Engineering College, Pondicherry
It is generally assumed that India has not
contributed towards science and technology and
everything we have today is all the brainchild of the
West. In reality, however, science and technology
flourished in India at time when the most of the
parts of the world were in deep slumber of
ignorance. The Western scientists, for instance,
believed that the plants and trees have non-living
commodities until modern Indian scientist, Jagdish
Chandra Basu, proved otherwise. The Vedic
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sages, on the other hand, have recognized life in
plants and trees since time immemorial. India has
thus contributed the maximum towards science and
technology. Since the constraints of time and space
prohibit us from discussing the entire gamut Vedic
contribution in the field of science and technology,
the present paper focuses on the Vedic method of
time calculation.
The paper explains how the both the modern as
well as the Vedic astronomy was born through
man’s first attempts in measuring the passage of
time by observing motions of the Sun and the
Moon. Thus, time reckoning is synonymous with
astronomy even today. While modern method of
time reckoning has changed over the years, Vedic
methods remain unchanged, as the people in India
continue to celebrate festivals such as Ram
Navami, Janmashtami, etc, in accordance with
the Hindu calendar since the Vedic days. This
paper therefore discusses different processes of
time reckoning devised by the Vedic seers
and sages.
PAPER - 118
INDIA DURING THE VEDIC
CIVILIZATION : THEN AND NOW
Mr. Gaurav Kumar Jha, Student, I-Year B. A.
(History), Loyola College, Madras
Despite all the achievements in the field of science
and technology and other areas, India has not yet
achieved the status of a developed country; it is
still called a Third World country suffering from
poverty, illiteracy, high birth and death rates and
other problems of underdevelopment. India during
the Vedic civilization, on the other hand, was called
a Jagadguru (teacher of the world). In fact, Indian
sages and great persons such as Lord Ram, Lord
Krishna, sage Dadhichi, King Harichandra and so
on taught the world lessons of human conduct
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through their sacrifices and stead fast devotion to
the path of Dharma .Why then India today has
degenerated into one of the most corrupt countries
of the world? Why no one is able to break an all-
pervasive crime-politics nexus in India? The paper
attempts to answer these questions by focusing on
our tendency to ignore the Vedic percepts
especially the significance of dharma in guiding our
individual, social, political and economic conducts.
The paper advocates propagation of Vedic wisdom
and its observance by us for an all round
development of individual, society, nation and the
world today.
PAPER - 119
NEW CONCORDANCE PREPARED BY
SRI. UPENDRA RAO
Mrs. Jayanthi Manohar, Director,
Surabhi Samshodhana Centre, 109, Surabhi, 1st Cross,
Sanjayanagar, Bangalore-. 560094
As we all know Mr. Maurice Bloomfield, an
American Sanskritist prepared a Vedic
Concordance in the last century. It was planned,
prepared and purblished during the years 1892-
1906 under Harvard Oriental Series.Volume 10.
No one to my knowledge has attempted any such
work after Bloomfield since then. Now,
Sri.Upendra Rao, a Vedic scholar of Bangalore
who is settled in Bhopal, has completed a
voluminous work of VEDIC CONCORDANCE
of all the four Vedas single handedly. He worked
as an engineer in Bhopal and also developed
passion for Vedic studies. He has developed a
scientific outlook towards Vedic literature and has
written many books. He has come out with many
significant findings in the course of his Vedic
studies over five decades. We can now examine
about how the new Concordance prepared by Sri
Upendra Rao is more significant. Here, Upendra
Rao has taken the variations of not only in a line
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of every stanza as Bloomfield has done but also
the variations in each and every word and
syllable.Mr.Upendra Rao has written a detailed
introduction and has designed (on paper) different
symbols for indicators, abbreviations, punctuations,
symbols and explanations which have to be
adopted in computer soft wear. He has prepared
about 1600 pages of the Scholar Copy of all the
four Vedas with variations written on either side of
each line of a mantra.
This Voluminous work done after a lapse of 100
years by an Indian scholar needs to be taken up
as a research project by scholars. I being the
Director of Surabhi Samshodhan Centre and also
in my personal capacity is earnestly putting forth
efforts to take this work to the Web as well as in
print. I look forward for further suggestions and co
ordination from all interested persons. I am sure
that, this project when completed would bring great
honour to our Country in the field of Vedic studies.
PAPER - 120
AYURVEDA IN BHAGAWADGITA
Prof. Vidya Suresh Chaturvedi
B.I.M.S. Ayurvedacharya, M.A.M.S.
48, Mahant Road, Vile Parle (East),
Mumbai-400 057, India
e-mail : drsureshchaturvedi@rediffmail.com
Ayurveda is the holistic science, which helps in
achieving healthy and happy life.
The principles and philosophies are logically and
scientifically for the betterment of mankind.
Ayurveda is closely related with Atharvaveda as
Upaveda whereas in Geeta Lord Krishna has
narrated that he is in Saamaveda, because it
mainly deals with 'Mantras' - cosmic waves and
vibrations. The significance and importance of
mantras are also highlighted in Ayurveda.
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The Bhagwadgita also covers some important
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principles, philosophies and approaches, which
are closely related with Ayurveda.
There are similar topics namely the origin of
universe and evolution of mankind. The
Panachatatwa siddanth, as well as Indriyas,
Mana, Atma are described. For sustaining the life
the vital role of Ahar, Nidra, Bramhacharya,
Sadachar, Ritucharya, Yoga and the philosophies
and principles of Sankhya Darshan are also
equally highlighted in the both.
The Ayurveda and Geeta lucidly emphasized the
Dharma (duties), Artha (object of the organs),
Kama (Desire) and Moksha (Salvation)
for supreme health and happiness of the
human being.
PAPER - 121
OBJECTIVE ADOPTATION OF THE
CONCEPT OF CONSCIOUSNESS IN
AYURVEDA
Dr. B.V. Kumaraswamy
Professor - Sushrutha Ayurvedic Medical
College and Hospital, Bangalore
Ayurveda - the Art and Science of life, health
and disease evolved during post - vedic period
and established as an independent system. All the
vedic literature including the Darshanas were
available and Tantric system was equally in
vogue. Primitive medical practices without any
established rationality was also present. In these
circumstances a rational system to deal health
and medicine emerged on the sound basis
derived from the vedic heritage. The principle
subject matter of the entire vedic thinking was
assimilated and consolidated with the help of a
few other systems like Samkya and Vaisheshika
and presented to the world what could be said
as bold and beautiful.
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Acharyas who designed the fundamentals of
Ayurveda had the challenge to explain
consciousness in a new framework acceptable to
medical needs without opposing the established
views in Darshanas - particularly Vedanta. In this
paper an attempt is made to discuss this aspect
of Ayurveda as envisaged in Bharadwaja and
Punarvasuaatreya Sampradaya.
PAPER - 122
SCIENCES IN THE VEDAS
Dr. A. Venkata Rao
Principal and Professor
3-41-4, Sai Nagar, Tuni-533 401 (A.P.)
The aim of this paper is to make sweeping
survey of our multi-faceted ancient Indian
Scientific and technological advances in a nut
shell, in contrast to what Keith has said "In the
great period of Sanskrit Literature, at any rate,
experimental Science was at a low abb, and little
of importance was accomplished in those fields in
which experiment is essential." All branches of
science, technology and Engineering are
described in detail on the basis of vedic
referneces in this paper.
PAPER - 123
A NOVEL MODERN MATHEMATICAL
APPROACH TO PATTERN
RECOGNITION IN VEDIC HYMNS AND
GANDHARVA VEDA
by
Prof. Dr. P.K. Srimani
P.G. Department of Mathematics
Central College, Bangalore University,
Bangalore-560 001, India
In this paper, a detailed investigation of the pattern
recognition in Vedic Hymns and Gandharva Veda is
carried out by applying the elementary as well as
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advance mathematical cancepts. The embedded
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patterns with regard to the structure, theory and theme
are unfolded through this approach at different levels
i.e. from basics to the advanced.
Coming to the subject of Vedas, they are indeed the
perennial source of universal knowledge and wisdom.
Vedas are the repository of knowledge and super
knowledge and in fact, they possess the sublime
treasure of knowledge. Our ancient Indian Seers and
Philosophers in the field of Mathematics, Engineering,
Physical and Chemical Sciences, Medical Sciences,
Cosmology, Ecology etc., have established their
outstanding contributions which can be understood
by numerous references in the Vedas, Vedangas and
allied literature.
Music, also known as the Gandharva Veda, was
given the status of an Upaveda or subsidiary of
Samaveda; forms an integral part of India's culture
and heritage. Indian Music with its wonderful
structure, system, approach, variety is the greatest
living systems of Music in the world. Music - "the
Art par excellence" is considered as divine and
worshipped from the bygone days as the life energy
of all beings. The Veda mantras and the divine music
of Samaveda are in fact very powerful, vitalizing as
well as catalytic agents.
The fascinating world of Music has given immense
pleasure to millions of listeners from the time
immemmorial. However, it is not fully understood
from a scientific angle. It is something remarkable
that the three basic ingredients of Indian classical
music viz., Ragam, Talam and Sahitya involvemany
mathematical aspects. Therefore, this necessitates a
scientific study of the Gandharva Veda in its various
dimensions.
The advent of computers has created a new era in
the field of Music and Musicology. Basically, there
are two main areas of research :-
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1. Sound Synthesis
2. Musical Compositions
The first area of research is chiefly concerned with
the generation of synthetic musical notes, similar to
those generated by different musical instruments.
Researchers have quite succeeded in this type of
simulation.
The objective of the second area of research is to
explore in depth the different types of musical
compositions and talas.
Mathematics, regarded as the queen of all sciences,
is embodied in all the creations and structures. Only
through a proper mathematical analysis, it is possible
to provide a logical understanding of the scientific
principles underlying the traditional systems, which
help in understanding and appreciating the rationale
of ancient Indian Science in the light of modern
Science.
Therefore, the present investigation is carried out in
order to throw light on the scientific aspects of Vedic
hymns and Gandharva Veda/Music, through modern
mathematical approach.
To quote some,
i. The intricate analysis of Veda mantras and
different Pathas through modern mathematical
approach unfolds several interesting features.
ii. The doublets and triplets of Swaras in any
Melakarta Raga/Parent Raga (say,
Mayamalavagowla, the 15th Melakarta) give a
peculiar non-linear patter when viewed through
Graph-theory (an advanced branch of
Mathematics, having extensive applications in
networks, operations research etc). This pattern
is entirely different from the linear representation,
which can be obtained in a 2-D plane.
iii. The scales of different types of Ragas, when
viewed graphically, clearly suggests that, it is
T S
WAVES 8th India Conference - 52
possible to give a Fourier Series representation
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and vice versa. This remarkable aspect provides
a platform for studying the waveforms (using
Fourier Series and Fourier Transform techniques)
associated with it. Further, it is noted that the
waveforms are different for Janya and Janaka
Ragas (Derived and parent Ragas).
iv. It is amazing to note that, some peculiar and
interesting patters are generated from the analysis
of certain special kritis paving way for new
dimensions in research.
So far, no literature is available in this direction, which
makes the study very important and of pioneering
nature. Ancient literature pertaining to this field is
resourced from Vedic as well as Post-Vedic period.
The present work is already computerized and has
an excellent scope for further research.
PAPER - 124
DIFFERENT DIMENSIONS OF
VEDIC MATHEMATICS
Dr. P.K. Srivatsa
Management and Software Consultant and Trainer
Bangalore, India.
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(Mahaaviraachaarya GSS.I.16)
"In all the worldly life or vaidic matters, or even in
the religious things, whatever be the dealings
everywhere enumeration is essential. Why say much?
In the entire three worlds, living or non-living,
whatever is transacted; that cannot be without
mathematics."
It is a well known fact that India has a glorious
scientific and mathematical heritage dating back to
the vedic era. In spite of lot of research conducted
Q
on these literature, much needs to be done in
understanding and appreciating them in a proper
perspective. It is really unfortunate that the wonderful
discoveries made by our Ancient Indian Seers and
Scientists have not got due regards, which they richly
deserve and there is a lack of application of the
same.
Presently, our aim is to create an awareness about
the different dimensions of mathematical concepts
in the vedic literature which vary from microcosm to
macrocosm. The Rishis of yore perceived
Mathematics in nature and expressed many of the
profound truths in a subtle mathematics in nature and
expressed many of the profound truths in a subtle
mathematical way apart from constructing Slokas,
which were lyrically beautiful, but mathematically
precise. This calls for a profound and holistic
understanding of the subject. In this paper, an
integrated approach is made to bring the different
dimensions of mathematics like Sutras, Slokas, Subtle
codifications (even when dealing with astronomical
concepts), the concept of Yantra, Mantra and Tantra
Bandhas, the concept of cardinal numbers, beautiful
geometric patterns as enunciated in Sulba Sutras,
numbers and entities, Ankakshara etc. Why say
much, we find the mathematics being applied in
worship also, in the form of the Yantra and Mantra
Bandhas (e.g., the celebrated Sri Yantra, Sudarshana
Yantra, Gayathri Yantra etc.) which can be termed
as the Hardware and the Software in the Adhyathmic
dimension.
Number of examples are culled out to illustrate the
above facts. These amply substantiate the wonderful
creative genius of our ancient Indian Seers and
Scientists, who had an integrated approach in
understanding a subject.
A serious research and development work on the
above concepts can really benefit the understanding
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of the "Philosophy of Science and Science of
WAVES 8th India Conference - 53
Philosophy" and can pave way for healthy
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understanding and appreciation of these subjects,
which can, in turn, make us truly human and humane.
PAPER - 125
LINGUAMATHS
(The Mathematics of Vedic Language)
By P.V.N.Murthy – Founder of VEDSRI, the
Vedic Science Research Institute at Hosur.
Summary:
The mystery of Vedic Language — Too many
varieties in the existing translations of Vedic
Scriptures —
Clues for research — Claims of Vedas as
Science Texts — Reasons for disbelief of the
claims — Findings of 20 years of research by the
author — LINGUAMATHS — Some decoded
examples — Hidden meanings — Implications of
the findings —— Decoding Vedic Scriptures as
Science Textbooks —— The first awareness
book RAAMAAYANHA RAHASYA.
Text :
THE MYSTERY OF VEDIC LANGUAGE
Mystery surrounds the myriad of mystic mantras
mentioned in the Hindu Vedas. No dictionary, no
lexican, no etymology, or no clue that gives full
meaning of each word is available at present! This
has resulted in a variety of dubious, ambiguous,
unconvincing, and even absurd translations. There
are translations that not only contradict others but
also self-contradicting. Some well-known western
scholars got baffled by these translations to such
an extent that they called Vedas themselves as
“confusing, unintelligible, nonsense” and even
“utter nonsense.”
But the very fact that the Vedas have stood the
test of time for several thousands of years as
works of “complete and ulimate knowledge”
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proves that the western scholars are wrong. But
why this ambiguity in translations by Indian
scholars also? It is very reasonable to believe
that there is some unknown major important thing
that give rise to incorrect translations! What is it?
While investigating the cause for the ambiguous
translations, the author accidentally tripped on
some clues tipped by some newspaper reports in
the second half of 1980s.
CLUES FOR RESEARCH
A Vedic scholar by name Shivkar Bapuji Talpade
belonging to Bombay flew an aeroplane over
Bombay’s chowpati in 1895 for five minutes,
exactly eight years before Wright brothers. The
late Sayajirao Gaekwad, the Maharaja of
Baroda, the late Justice Mahadev Govind
Ranade, and the press reporters among many
other eminent people were present on the
occasion, according to Times of India news item.
The Panini grammar is computer byte-friendly
according to the discovery made by a NASA
scientist Mr. Rick Briggs.
From all the evidence found so far, the number
ten has been the only base used in India since the
earliest known time. Various references are found
in the Rigveda, and a list of multiples of ten,
from ten to the power of zero, to ten to the
power of nineteen is given in the Taitriya Samhita
(which is about 4000 years old). This is
according to Mr. Sarath Kumar Menon, a
scientist in Ohio. According to him, texts of even
scientific articles were written in compact verses
that are often puzzling and are very difficult for a
modern day scientist or researcher to
comprehend without the aid of a linguistic expert.
Consequently many discoveries made by ancient
Hindus remain unknown.
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Mr. Naren Sheth, a businessman from Bombay
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submitted a report of “scientific investigative
assessment of Vaimanik Shastra and
Amsubhodhini Shastra” to IIT Bombay in 1983.
IIT produced a material called “chumbakmani”
according to the process mentioned in the report.
The report gave drawings of aerospace vehicles
also. But both the “chumbakmani” and the set of
drawings, sent to the CSIR (India) for their
validity tests were pronounced as absurd, after
spending Rs.60000/- for tests in 1984.
Dr.Kuppuram and Dr.Kumudamani in their book
“History of Science and Technology in India”
have given hundreds of technical terms in Vedic
Scriptures.
Aryabatiyam published in 499 AD, an
authoritative book on astronomy, says that it had
been fully based on Vedic Scriptures.
Many references can be found in Tamil Sangam
Literature which show that the ancient Tamils had
knowledge of astronomy more than 5000 years
ago itself, according to an article published in a
Tamil magazine “Kalaimaghal.”
According to Dr. B.G.Siddharth, director of the
B.M.Birla Science Center, Hyderabad, the post -
Vedic Vimana Sastra (which was based on
Rigveda belonging to 7300 BC) is not a hoax.
Noted archaeologist Dr. Mahadevan who has
deciphered more than 3000 Indus Seals and
inscriptions, tries to prove that Indus Script is
Dravidian.
Mr. Agarwal, a civil engineer from Toronto
University claimed to predict earthquakes on the
basis of planetary behaviour described in the
Vedic Scriptures - according to Times of India
news item on 6/5/92.
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There are so many such claims made every now
and then by so many eminent scholars that they
simply cannot be ignored as senseless. However,
most of the modern scientists as well as literary
and religious figures reject these claims as
hollow ones.
REASONS FOR DISBELIEF OF CLAIMS
The reasons for this disbelief may be the
following:
1. No claimant has pinpointed that so and so line
in so and so Scripture has so and so scientific
concept specifically and convincingly. Only vague
resemblances here and there were given as
examples.
2. No big developments in science and
technology comparable to the modern ones were
known to be existing in ancient India.
3. Religious beliefs are mixed in the blood of
Hindus in such a way that they fear even the
slightest deviation from religious paths.
4. They are afraid of the public wrath.
5. Mutually exclusive educational background
and knowledge of linguists and scientists who
assess these claims cannot do justice to their
assessment.
Therefore logically, the claimants have a very
tough task to prove their point convincingly. So,
if they have to be successful they have to
produce the following:
1. Word-to-word translation of all the lines in the
relevant Vedic Scripture or at least that part of
the Scripture claimed to have scientific contents.
2. Proof for the existence of items resulting from
the application of the then existing science and
technology themselves. These proofs may be
archaeological, historical, or other. Alternatively,
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they should prove that there was no necessity for
WAVES 8th India Conference - 55
technological development during that period
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comparable at least to the modern ones.
3. Influences among the religious public to make
them slowly accept the idea that they are
benefited by the science in their religious
scriptures by singing their own tune.
4. Enough courage to face the public wrath if the
above methods fail.
5. Sufficient knowledge in several fields of
science and technology as well as interest in
linguistics enough to locate at least a semblance
of important principles in them, if not in-depth
expertise.
20 YEARS OF RESEARCH RESULTING IN
LINGUAMATHS REDISCOVERY
LINGUAMATHS – the mathematics of
languages, is the result of nearly 20 years of
research to demystify Vedic Language, keeping
all the points for and against Vedic Science
mentioned above. LINGUAMATHS is rediscovered
from a very ancient voluminous document. The
essence of LINGUAMATHS is that the sound
emanating from any object is divided into several
basic units, sections, sub-groups and groups on a
sound logical basis. Unique numbers are assigned
to the individual basic units as per the logic used
for sound divisions. Sets of arithematic rules are
made to relate different basic units, sections, and
onwards to one another. Basic units combine to
form a section, and sections combine to make a
sub-group, and so on. When a notation
represents a basic unit, section becomes an
alphabet, group of alphabets make a word, and
so on. Thus, there is a definite mathematical basis
for the design of a language, its script and words.
Once a language has a mathematical basis it
becomes computer friendly. And if its logic itself
is on binary principles, then it becomes computer
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bit friendly! The Vedic Language is a glaring
example for this. Full theory of LINGUAMATHS is
being explained at length in a forthcoming
publication under same title. LINGUAMATHS
claims that every language at one point of time
has been deliberately designed on a mathematical
basis and this basis itself stems from unique and
common principles, while the actual mathematical
formula applied varies slightly from one language
to another.
SOME DECODED EXAMPLES
In the short duration of time accorded to this
paper presentation, proving the existence of this
basis convincingly is not possible at all. Hence I
propose to present a very few amazing hints that
subsequently become the reason for the creation
of this subject called LINGUAMATHS.
Let us probe some of the definitions, concepts,
theorems, and inventions credited to the
Westerners.
Friction is the force of resistance that comes into
play when a body slides over a rough surface.
Temperature of a body is its degree of hotness
produced by friction.
These two definitions were combined and given
in just two words only in Vedic Scriptures:
‘Namasthae rajan’ in which ‘Nam’ = curve; ‘as
thae’ = as per;
‘Raa’ = heat. ‘jan’ = generation.
That is ‘raa jan nam as thae’, meaning ‘heat
generation varies as per the surface curvature’.
Pythagoras states :
In a right-angled triangle the square on its
hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the individual
squares on its horizontal and perpendicular sides.
T WAVES 8th India Conference - 56
Iswarakrishna in Sankhyakaarikaa states:
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Dhrushta vadha anusravika sahya vishuddhi
kshaya athishaya yuktha.
Translation: dhrushta = it is seen; vadha anu
sravika = multiplication by self of the hypotenuse;
sahya = equals; vishuddhi = that given by
individual squares; kshaya = horizontal; athishaya
= perpendicular; yuktha = summation.
Here too, the Greek philosopher and
mathematician lived between 2600 and 2500 ago
whereas Sanskrit Vedas from those
Iswarakrishna rephrased were definitely older. An
encyclopedia says: Although the first strictly
deductive proof of the theorem was given by the
Pythagoreans, the theorem was well known long
before Pythagoras’ time. Special cases were
known to the Egyptians as early as 2000 BC; the
theorem is found in Chinese works written
around 1100 BC; and it appears in Vedic
writings of India as early as 800 BC. Then why
does the credit for the theorem go to
Pythagoras?
The Laws of Motion by Sir Isaac Newton
A body continues in its state of rest or of uniform
motion in a straight line unless it is compelled by
some external force to change that state.
To every action, there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
The rate of change of momentum of a body is
directly proportional to the applied force and
takes place in the direction in which the force
acts. The momentum is the product of the mass
and its velocity.
Again Iswarakrishna in Sankhyakarika states:
‘Thrigunam avivehi vishayam samanyam
achethanam prasavadharmi’.
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‘Thrigunam’ = 3 qualities; ‘a’ = not; ‘v’ = by
itself; ‘vehi’ = becomes moving one; ‘vishayam’
= matter;
‘sama’ = equal; ‘anyam’ = other than that (i.e.
opposite);
‘achethanam’ = unmanifested ( i.e. the body
without external force); ‘pra’ = primarily; ‘sava’
= dead(inert)
‘dharmi’ = follows the course (of external force).
It is easily noticed that both the statements by
Newton and Iswarakrishna tally in their meanings.
But the Indian was at least a thousand years
older than Newton by any conservative
chronology. Then why must the credit go to the
Briton? Again, why is the same Sanskrit
statement interpreted in a strikingly different way
to acquire a religious meaning, that too in a
convoluted manner?
Hidden Meanings
The examples cited above give rise to three
possibilities:
1. Our ancient literature might also have been
works on science and mathematics in clever
disguise. They might acquire a strikingly
different second meaning besides their
superficial one.
2. They might possibly have traveled towards
the East and West through the ancient foreign
traders to get copied in their languages.
3. Some of the scientific and mathematical
statements might have been tampered with to
acquire other meanings. This might have been
due to the ignorance of the translator or a
deliberate attempt fueled by vested interests.
Now let us investigate whether there is any
substance in the above three possibilities.
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WAVES 8th India Conference - 57
Take the 2 words Ganapathi and Shanmuham
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appearing in books on different topics. Logically,
a person reading them from a Hindu religious
book will immediately think of Lord Vinayaka
with a pot belly, elephant head sitting with a big
mouse at his foot and of Lord Subramanya with
a three-headed dagger in his hand, sitting on a
peacock. It will also come to mind they both
have a brotherly relationship. Suppose the same
names appear in a pure biography book and a
person not knowing any Hindu religious names
reads them. No Gods will come to his mind at
all. He will only think of some places or persons
having these names. Suppose either a religious,
or a stranger to Hindu religion, not having any
knowledge of science and mathematics reads
these words in an actual science or mathematics
book and suppose he does not know the subject
of the book also. He is sure to get thoroughly
confused. The words would appear non-
cohesive, irrelevant and do not make a
meaningful sentence. He might even mistake them
for mysterious ‘manthras’. He may fumble upon
them in his curiosity to make out something
useful. This might substantiate the third possibility.
Suppose a scientist or mathematician knowing the
exact code of the language in which the book
was written reads the same 2 words. He takes
the exact meanings:
‘Gana’ = cubic; ‘pathi’ = space (or owner of
gana); ‘Shan’ = 6; ‘muham’ = face.
‘Ganapathi Shanmuham’ = 6 faces of the cubic
space. Incidentally, this is a mathematical concept
in physics that a perfect cube of a given length
has 6 faces. This substantiates the first possibility.
Now a good number of scholars is coming up
with proofs to show that the much flaunted
“Aryan invasion from Central Asia” theory is
wrong. The combination of this and the
Q
established fact that India had very enviable and
advanced civilization and culture for thousands of
years and attracted traders from the East and
West substantiate the second point.
Immense Implications
Thus if there are hidden meanings in our ancient
writings, think of the immense implications that
may result from them. The whole of Vedhas,
Upanishads, Ramayan, Mahabharath, Vikram
Vedhal, and the like may also be in disguise.
Unbelievable? For your information, I have
already decoded the first canto of Atharva
Vedha, Brahmasutra, Sankhyakarika,
Ishopanishad, etc. They converted themselves
fully into books on science and mathematics out
and out, devoid of God, religion, or ethics. They
consist of scientific theorems, that too with
proofs, mathematical formulae, and the like, as
shown a little while earlier. For lack of time and
funds I could not do the same for the other Vedic
Scriptures.
But I have written and published an awareness
book in English titled RAAMAAYANHA RAHASYA
that consists of glaring emamples arguments
supporting LINGUAMATHS. This book uses
Linguamaths to present original Valamiki
Raamaayanha as full book on Astronomy devoid
of the story of Raama, Raavanha, Seetha and
others!
THANK YOU!
T WAVES 8th India Conference - 58
PAPER - 126
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THE SYSTEM OF ANIMAL SCINCE -
SPECIAL REFERENCE TO
YAJURVEDA
KISHOR KUMAR TRIPATHY
Master of Arts, Utkal University
Bhubaneswar, Orissa.
E-mail :- hellokishor_kumar@yahoo.co.in
The knowledged intellect of the Sacred Vedas is the
cream of human achievements in life. The Vedas are
the fountain head of knowledge,the prime source of
ispiration, the ground repository of divine wisdom
and even eternal truths.
In vedas a lot of themes are available which are
closely connected with General Sciences, Modern
Sciences, Social Sciences and Spiritual Sciences
etc.The system of Animal Science is one of them.
Animals are considered as the supreme wealth. As
it is told that sri hi pasavah. Contribution of Vedic
Literature to the animal science is unique. In the
twenty-fourth chapter of Yajurveda a long list of
animals of different types is availble, like -
Domestical Animals, Wild animals, etc.
In this paper an effort is made about the speciality of
Animla Science as reflected in the Yajurveda. The
point of analysis are -
1. The utilisation of animal science for human society.
2. Animlas as related with the nature.
3. Protection and preservation of animals - the
Yajurvedic message.
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