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CONSERVATION OF URBAN LAKES IN

HYDERABAD METROPOLITAN AREA


J ayesh Ranj an, I AS
Vice-Chairman, HUDA
Hyderabad - Profile
Located between 1721' - 1771' N
Latitude and between 7821' -
7876'E Longitude with an average
altitude of 560 m above MSL.
Hyderabad Metropolitan Area comprises 8500 sq. km.
Topography Rocky, undulating with gentle slopes,
red gravely soils
Tropical climate with annual rainfall of 800 mm (under
semi-arid)
Decadal growth rate - 37 %
Ranked 6th in population among the metropolitan
cities in India.
HYDERABAD URBAN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY
The Authority is constituted
in1975 under Urban areas
(development) act 1975.
HUDA is a statutory Planning
Authority to develop Master
Plan for planned development
and controlled growth of
urban areas.
To plan for a sustainable development of Hyderabad urban
agglomeration.
To develop policy framework, zoning regulations and land use
plan.
To plan and implement infrastructure facilities like road
network and overall transportation plan.
To plan for sustainable environmental management.
LAKES OF HYDERABAD
About 400 big & small
lakes in HUDA area.
169 lakes notified by
HUDA for protection
and conservation of
water spread area with
no activity in 30 m
buffer around the
water bodies.
INDIA
Andhra Pradesh
URBAN LAKES DRAINAGE MAP
India
Hyderabad Urban Development Authority
Hydrological regime & role of urban lakes
Urbanization has led to
loss of water bodies
resulting in increased
runoff
Lakes contribute
significant additional
recharge to the ground
water regime due to
infiltration
Over-exploitation of
ground water due to
urbanization leads to rapid
depletion of ground water
level
Hydrological regime & role of lakes
During the past few years
there is a fall in water level of
1-2 m per year all over the
City
Polluted water body causing unhygienic and health
hazards for lake neighborhood.
The worst ground water scenario is experienced
by apartment complexes
Problems faced by urban lakes
Tampering inflow &
outflow channels.
Urbanization.
Change of land use.
Washing clothes
Cattle Wash
Industrial effluents.
Indiscriminate dumping of
debris and garbage.
Continuous flow of untreated
waste waters.
Invasive weed - throttling
the lake ecosystem
Inappropriate shoreline
development
(Encroachments)
Pollution due to Idol
Immersion
Need for restoration of urban lakes
To harvest the precious
rainwater and augment shortfall
in water supply needs of
Hyderabad
To moderate the flood risk by
interconnecting the lakes
To utilize the wastewater by
treatment process during the dry
weather and maintain lake water
balance
To improve the scope for
recharge of ground water within
the influence zone of the lakes
Need for restoration of urban lakes
To improve the health conditions
of people living in the lake
surroundings.
To enhance the biodiversity in
and around the lakes.
To induce recycling and reuse of
wastewater after treatment for
non-potable uses for gardening
and industrial purpose.
Develop local economy through
eco-tourism activities at lakes.
HUDA has taken up the task of restoration of lakes in the
Hyderabad Metropolitan area to conserve the water bodies and to
increase the ground water table with clean water.
In the first phase, out of 169 large water bodies notified, 87 lakes
are being taken up under Green Hyderabad Environment
Programme (GHEP) from 2004 onwards
Categorization of lakes for development
Category I (more polluted) - 18 nos
Category II (moderately polluted) - 69 nos
These lakes are categorized based on certain criteria like
degree of pollution, size of the lake, proximity to habitation,
etc.
Baseline Work
Detailed survey of the lake and its surroundings and preparation
of the lake plan.
Bathymetry of the lake for area - volume of the lake.
Database on watershed and the ground water quality and water
table in all seasons.
Preparation of the Catchment area plans.
The flow measurements of all incoming dry weather flows and
outflows of the lake
The flow measurements of all incoming wet weather flows and
outflows of the lake.
Daily lake water level recordings.
Pan evaporation data from the Meteorological dept.
Rainfall data from the Meteorological dept. for calculating the
storm water runoff from the catchment area into the lake.
Cont..
Baseline Work
Dry weather flows for the projected population for the year 2031
is calculated by using census data.
The capacity of Sewerage Treatment Plant is fixed based on the
quantity of minimum flow required into the lake to maintain its
water balance which is equal to the maximum water loss due to
evaporation and percolation under no outflow condition during
the dry season when the evaporation is highest.
Water quality analysis of inflow, lake water and outflow of the
lake for all parameters such as BOD, COD, DO, Total Nitrogen,
Total Phosphorus and trace metals etc.
The sediment analysis of the lakebed in different layers
depending up on the nutrient values in the sediment.
Socio economic study of the lake surroundings for identification
of direct and indirect dependents within the vicinity of the lakes.
Biodiversity study of the lake for compiling on the current
biodiversity.
Restoration works at lakes
Category - I
Formation of peripheral bund
along the shore line of the lake
Desilting the lakebed by dredging
Strengthening and widening of
main bund
Restoration of surplus weirs and
sluices
Construction of STP for treating
the raw sewage and letting the
treated water into the lake to
maintain the lake water to the
desired level
Restoration of inflow and
outflow channels
Diversion of excess
sewage by laying
pipelines.
Beautification of lake
bunds and periphery with
landscaping and
plantation.
Restoration works at lakes
Restoration works at lakes
Category - II
Formation of peripheral
bund along the shore line of
the lake
Desilting the lakebed by
dredging
Strengthening and widening
of main bund
Restoration of surplus weirs
and sluices
Restoration of inflow and
outflow channels
Plantation on Lake bunds
Process Details of The STP
Interception, diversion and collection of sewage
Screening of floating matter & grit
De-Nitrification (Biological process)
Extended Aeration with fine pore diffused membrane
Flocculation with Alum dosing for phosphorus
removal
Settling by Plate Settlers
Chlorination & Filtration
Clear treated effluent to wetland where special type of
plants viz. cattails and bullrush are planted for
removal of further phosphates and nitrates
Tertiary Treatment Process
Wetland
Lake
Raw sewage
A View of the STP
DN Tank
Aeration
Flocculation tank
Plate settlers
Pressure filter
Sludge drying beds
Power room
Lab
Restoration of Safilguda Lake
Before Intervention
After Intervention
Restoration of Langerhouse Lake
Before intervention
After intervention
A View of Saroornagar Lake
Description BOD COD DO TKN Total P
Lake Water Before Intervention 65.00 212.00 3.40 14.00 5.87
Lake Water After Intervention 25 92 6.2 9 1
Standards <10 <50 >5 <5 <1
A View of Langerhouse Lake
Description BOD COD DO TKN Total P
Lake Water Before Intervention 120.00 270.00 0.40 29.00 5.22
Lake Water After Intervention 14.00 32.00 5.40 4.15 0.80
Standards <10 <50 >5 <5 <1
Description BOD COD DO TKN Total P
Lake Water Before Intervention 82.00 370.00 0.40 29.00 5.60
Lake Water After Intervention 16.00 42.00 5.60 6.15 1.20
Standards <10 <50 >5 <5 <1
A view of Pedda Cheruvu, Nacharam
A view of Resident friendly STPs
Mir Alam Tank
Saroornagar Lake
Trees, Bamboo and ground
cover helps in increasing the
Bio-diversity as well as self
purification by absorption of
phosphates and Nitrates
Floating macrophytes like
pistia and duckweed help in
removal of inorganic
Nitrogen and Phosphorus in
the wetland
Biological Treatment Facility
Lake Landscapes
Provides enhanced
aesthetics to the lakes.
Increases opportunity
for gainful employment
through eco-tourism
Exclusive Bird Island
created at Safilguda
Lake
Rich faunal and floral
Bio-diversity in the
midst of the city
Bio-diversity of Restored Lake
A Paradise for Birds in the
midst of urban built-up area
Lake eco-system and
wetland contribute a lot
to the bio-diversity
Improvement in the Lake water quality
from Hyper-eutrophic condition to
Mesotrophic condition
Increase the Biodiversity of the Lake
Increase in pisciculture activities
Employment generation by Eco-tourism
activity
Increase in recreational facilities and
water sports.
Improvement in the groundwater quality
Improvement in human health of lake
surround
Improved aesthetics
Enhancement of property values in the
lake surroundings
OUTCOME : SOCIO-ECONOMIC BENEFITS

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