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Overview Grontmij references

Sustainable wastewater treatment

Decentralized or centralized, Grontmij has a fitting, sustainable wastewater treatment solution to offer!
Overview Grontmij references | Sustainable wastewater treatment 2

Introduction
Since the end of the 19th century wastewater has been a known risk for public health due to presence of pathogens. During the 20th century it became clear that wastewater also constituted a threat to the environment, partly because discharge of effluent leads to oxygen depletion of surface water. In search of a solution for the above mentioned problems research focused on quick and effective ways for collection and transportation of the wastewater. That is why these days the wastewater chain consists of a robust system for wastewater collection and transportation from urban areas to a central wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). At this plant pathogens, components that demand oxygen and nutrients are removed from the wastewater at a high rate. The treated water is discharged to the surface water.

In the last couple of years changes have been occurring in the wastewater chain. These changes are due to tighter regulations on one hand and the fact that wastewater infrastructure needs major repairs on the other. This created a new trend in waste water collection and treatment systems. Instead of considering waste water as waste, it is now more and more seen as a raw material carrier. The following picture depicts the composition of wastewater.

In order to fully exploit the potential of wastewater, new sanitation techniques have been developed. One example is separate collection of urine; this type of separation at the source creates opportunities to treat wastewater more efficiently. However, separation at the source is just one example. New sustainable techniques for central wastewater treatment have been developed as well. Sustainable sanitation techniques can be globally divided into the following categories: Separate collection of urine (No Mix technology) ; Separate collection of black water (urine and faeces), possibly together with organic kitchen waste ; Local treatment and reuse of grey water ; Combination of the above mentioned options; Sustainable techniques for centralized treatment (e.g. Energy factory); Removal of hormones and medicine residues.

(micro) pollutants

Grontmij and sustainable wastewater treatment

This overview describes the most important projects Grontmij carried out in the field of sustainable wastewater treatment. As you can see from this overview, Grontmij has a lot of experience in the field of sustainable wastewater treatment. Every sustainable sanitation technique has been applied. Our experts are involved in research and implementation, including policy making, feasibility studies, life cycle cost analyses and realization. Research is carried out on a structural basis, including collaboration with research institutes as Wetsus, WUR and TU Delft.

energy water

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Overview Grontmij references | Sustainable wastewater treatment

References

Sustainable wastewater treatment


Meppel Ambacht Huys (Pilot)
The Ambacht Huys in Meppel, The Netherlands, is a daycare facility for mentally impaired people. As pilot project three urine separation toilets and one water free urinal have been installed; the first pilot project in Netherlands with these toilets. The goal of the project was to gain experience with the use of urine separation toilets in The Netherlands. Client(s): Woningcorporatie Woonconcept, Vanboeijen health care institute, Waterboard: Reest en Wieden, Municipality of Meppel, STOWA, Vewin Year of implementation: 2004-2005

Sand filter installation Harderwijk (Pilot and realization)


Advanced removal of phosphorus is important for the Integrale Inrichtingsplan Veluwe Randmeren. Pilot tests show that a double layer filter and the Automatic Back Wash Filter (ABWF) are the best techniques for advanced phosphorus removal. In the end the ABWF was installed at WWTP Harderwijk, The Netherlands. Client(s): Waterboard Veluwe Year of implementation: 2005 - 2009

Anderen Anders plassen (Pilot)


In a residential care farm with 9 apartments, a work shop and a educational room 25 urine separation toilets have been installed with following the goals: Implementation of separation toilets on a larger scale than the project in Meppel; Research on the removal of hormones and medicine residues in the soil; Gain experience in the use of urine as fertilizer on bio-energy crops; Provide information on our present wastewater system and the alternatives. Clients(s): Woonconcept Vanboeijen, Waterboard Hunze en Aas, Province Drenthe , Stowa, Wageningen-UR , Waterleidingmaatschappij Drenthe, Waterlaboratorium Noord, Winkler Prins School Veendam. Year of implementation: 2006-2009

Overview Grontmij references | Sustainable wastewater treatment

Sleen De Schoel (Pilot)


In 25 houses of a housing complex for seniors De Schoel in Sleen, The Netherlands, urine separation toilets have been installed. The urine is collected and then transported to the pilot WWTP in Sleen, where the medicine residues and hormones in the urine are removed. Within Sleen II the pilot has been extended and the urine is treated at a local facility. Client(s): Waterboard Velt en Vecht Year of implementation: 2006-2010

Nieuwegein / De Bilt Urimob (Feasibility study)


Together with KIWA research Grontmij performed research on how stored urine could be processed by a decentralized or mobile treatment unit. The study described the layout of a mobile treatment unit that would not just remove N and P, but also medicine residue and hormones. The goal of the project was to define specific sanitation techniques that could be applied in a mobile urine treatment unit. This potential mobile urine treatment unit, the Urimob, could be realized in a following research phase. Client(s): STOWA Year of implementation: 2007-2008

IJburg second phase (Scenario study)


The main goal of the scenario study on application of modern sanitation in the project IJburg 2nd Phase was to determine whether or not the pros and cons found in Bloemendalerpolder, an area with a different population density, also apply in IJburg. Attention was also placed on the following: Possibilities of applying urine as fertilizer in the Randstad Determining the advantages of new sanitation with regard to removing micro pollutants. Determining the possibilities of (decentralized) heat recovery from wastewater and how that relates to new sanitation. Determining the environmental efficiency of new sanitation in the above mentioned issues. Questions regarding scale-up of new sanitation techniques. Client(s): Waternet Year of implementation: 2007-2008

Overview Grontmij references | Sustainable wastewater treatment

References

Sustainable wastewater treatment


Zwolle Hogeschool plassen (Realization)
At the Windesheim College in Zwolle 125 urine separation toilets have been installed. The collected urine will be used in lab tests on the formation of struvite. The following goals were set: Application of urine separation toilets to make a contribution to the development of sustainable wastewater treatment technology; Raising the awareness of students on the issues surrounding wastewater treatment, as well as informing them on how they can contribute to a solution through construction, civil and industrial engineering and design; Executing structural research on the formation of struvite in collection and transportation pipes; Client(s): Christelijke Hogeschool Windesheim, Stowa, Dyka ,Waterschap Groot Salland, Gemeente Zwolle Year of implementation: 2007-2010

Maasziekenhuis Boxmeer (Realization)


In the new main building of the Maasziekenhuis in Boxmeer which should be finished in 2010- separated sanitation will be partially applied. The policlinics will inhibit forty to sixty urine separation toilets. This will lead to a yearly collection of 75 m3 urine. The goals of the project: Treating contamination at the source, to prevent from large investments needing to be made at WWTP to remove medicine residues. Creating an example for other institutes like hospitals, care facilities and also schools, where this process could be applied efficiently. Client(s): Waterschap Aa en Maas, Maasziekenhuis en STOWA Year of implementation: 2007 - 2010

SLIK: Sanitaire Lozing Isala Clinics (Demonstration project)


At the Isala Clinics the first Dutch installation to remove medicine residues from wastewater will be realized. This will provide data on the functioning, the costs and the operational aspects of several sanitation techniques to remove medicine residues. The client will be supported in several project phases (planning, acquiring permits and international cooperation). Client(s): Waterschap Groot Salland Year of implementation: 2007 - 2010

Overview Grontmij references | Sustainable wastewater treatment

Dilution of urine separated at the source with modern sanitation (Research)


Literature analyses show major differences in the composition of urine collected through separation toilets among different projects. Grontmij analyzed three projects in the Netherlands. The degree of dilution as well as the cause of the dilution was researched. Client(s): STOWA Year of implementation: 2007

Guideline for Energy Efficiency in Waste Watertreatment in Turkey


Turkey has the ambition to join the European Union. Consequently, it will have to implement European legislation; including the EU Urban Waste Water Treatment (UWWT) Directive. To abide by this directive Turkey will have to realize over 3.000 waste water treatment plants with a broad range of capacities. To this effect, a Guideline was written on how to implement energy saving techniques and methods as to reduce the energy use of new (and existing) treatment plants. Client(s): Agentschap NL Year of implementation: 2009/2010

Optimization study New Style (OAS study)


For Wetterskip Frysln and the province of Friesland an OAS study New Style has been executed. Modern sanitation techniques were considered in this study, as well as climate footprint, energy use and water use. Client(s): Wetterskip Fryslan en provincie Friesland Year of implementation: 2008-2009

Overview Grontmij references | Sustainable wastewater treatment

References

Sustainable wastewater treatment


SOURCE Simultaneous remOval of hUman and veteRinary pharmaCeuticals and NutriEnts (Scenario study)
Waterschap Aa en Maas works together with Grontmij to create opportunities for the (waste)water chain to operate more effectively. The goal is treat heavy pollutants at the source, because this is often more cost effective solution and it creates a more stable and secure solution for the removal of these pollutants. The goal of the project SOURCE is twofold: Creating a sustainable cycle to recover nutrients from the combined stream of human urine and animal (manure)streams. Reducing the emissions to the watersystem of medicine( residue(s)) from the human cycle. Client(s): STOWA and Waterschap Aa en Maas Year of implementation: 2008-2010

Research on adsorption of medicine from urine to nanoclay and zeolites (Feasibility study)
Research on the possibilities of removing medicine from urine by applying adsorption to nanoclay and zeolites. This method could be applied in Maasziekenhuis Boxmeer project of waterschap Aa en Maas. Client(s): Waterschap Aa en Maas, STOWA Year of implementation: 2008

Sanitation project De Dommel and Province Noord-Brabant (Pilot)


Waterschap de Dommel is considering to develop an innovative wastewater (urine) collection and treatment concept together with province Noord-Brabant. In cooperation with LeAF potential technologies have been analyzed. Client(s): Waterschap de Dommel, Provincie Noord Brabant Year of implementation: 2008

Overview Grontmij references | Sustainable wastewater treatment

Effluent reuse WWTP Bath (Feasibility study)


Through a quick scan the possibility of reusing the effluent of WWTP Bath (NL) in a socially responsible way for the water supply of the agricultural area of Zuid-Beveland was analyzed. Measures to implement this reuse were presented, as well as the financial consequences of these measures. Client(s): Projectgroep Water uit de Wal Year of implementation: 2008

Almere Hout North (Scenario study)


Insight in the possible benefits of new sanitation in new houses at Almere Hout Noord. In this study discharge to the existing WWTP was compared with decentralized (local) treatment. The maximum scenario applied complete separation and treatment at the source. Several aspects were considered per scenario: Effects on the WWTP Effects on the energy balance Effects on the treatment cost Support from the citizens Client(s): Municipality of Almere among others Year of implementation: 2009

Vathorst West and North (Scenario study)


For the districts Vathorst West and North sustainable sanitation possibilities have been researched. A Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) was used to compare different scenarios. Several aspects were considered per scenario: Life cycle costs (investments, maintenance and utilization costs) Reduction of energy use Reduction in the use of drinking water Nutrient collection (mainly N and P) Support from the citizens Image Client(s): Waterschap Vallei en Eem Year of implementation: 2009 - 2010

Overview Grontmij references | Sustainable wastewater treatment

References

Sustainable wastewater treatment


New sanitation Apeldoorn (Special project)
Analysis of the opportunities of applying new sanitation in the municipality of Apeldoorn. Potential locations and risks have been determined, as well as a road map for the implementation of new sanitation. Client(s): Waterschap Veluwe Year of implementation: 2009-2010

Sector specific list of measures for waste water treatment management in light of the MJA3 (special project)
SenterNovem supports all the waterboards in the MJA3 (multiple year agreements) for energy efficiency and asked Grontmij to formulate a list of energy saving measures specifically for the waste water management sector. This sector specific list consists of 100 energy saving measures; each with a description and explanation, the energy saving potential, the investment costs and the payback time. This list will be used by all the Dutch waterboards while drafting their energy efficiency plans for the MJA3. Client(s): SenterNovem (currently Agentschap NL) Year of implementation: 2009

New Sanitation Kreekrijk (scenario study)


For future development of the Kreekrijk area (municipality Zaanstad) possibilities for applying new sanitation have been researched. A Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) was part of the scenario comparison. Several aspects were considered per scenario: Life cycle costs (investments, maintenance and utilization costs) Reduction of energy use Reduction in the use of drinking water Nutrient collection (mainly N and P) Support from the citizens Image

Client(s): VBM Ontwikkeling Year of implementation: 2009-2010

Overview Grontmij references | Sustainable wastewater treatment

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Future Zoo Emmen (Scenario study)


The Emmen zoo will be relocating in the future. The opportunities for applying source separated sanitation when this relocation is realized, were analyzed. A unique aspect was the application of the Living Machine, an innovative wastewater treatment technique already applied at the zoo. Client(s): Waterlaboratorium Noord Year of implementation: 2010

Sustainable wastewater treatment Geerpark-Heusden (Scenario study)


Mapping the social costs and benefits of five scenarios of sustainable wastewater treatment at Geerpark in the municipality of Heusden. A Life Cycle Cost Analysis assisted in this analysis. Several aspects were considered per scenario, among which : Life cycle costs (investments, maintenance and utilization costs) Reduction of energy use Reduction in the use of drinking water Nutrient collection (mainly N and P) Support from the citizens Image Client(s): Waterschap Aa en Maas Year of implementation: 2010

Energy Factory (Special project)


The Energy Factory is a new concept of wastewater treatment. Instead of a WWTP that demands energy, the Energy Factory actually produces energy. In cooperation with several water regulatory authorities this concept was devised. For one of these authorities Grontmij researched the application of the Energy Factory at one of their WWTPs. Client(s): several water regulatory authorities, among which Rivierenland Year of implementation: 2008-2001

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Overview Grontmij references | Sustainable wastewater treatment

Energie Efficiency Plan (inventory and policy study)


In light of the MJA-3 all the waterboards are obligated to formulate an Energy Efficiency Plan (EEP). Grontmij drafted this EEP for four different waterboards: Waterschap Zeeuwse Eilanden, Waterschap Zeeuws Vlaanderen, Waterschap Reest&Wieden and Hoogheemraadschap Hollands NoorderKwartier. First an energy use analysis (EVA) was executed. At the same time different measures, investments and the savings potential were analysed. Finally, a set of measures was selected and prioritized. Client(s): Waterschap Zeeuwse Eilanden, Waterschap Zeeuws Vlaanderen, Waterschap Reest & Wieden, Hoogheemraadschap Hollands NoorderKwartier Year of implementation: 2009

Green WWTP (research project)


Grontmij acts as process supervisor for a group of delegates from two waterboards to create a green WWTP. Several topics relevant for a green RWZI were treated, among which: energy, greenhouse gases and green construction. Client(s): Delfland, WaterschapsBedrijf Limburg Year of implementation: 2008 - 2009

Towards a climate neutral water cycle (research project)


During the production of drinking water, transport and treatment of waste water, energy is used and greenhouse gases are emitted. The goal of this Grontmij project was to determine the climate footprint of the water cycle. In addition, various measures, many influencing the entire cycle, were proposed to adjust the water cycle to minimize this climate footprint. This project was executed in cooperation with KIWA, water pipe companies, waterboards, the Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment and STOWA. Client(s): Ministerie van VROM, STOWA, WaterKIP Year of implementation: 2008

Overview Grontmij references | Sustainable wastewater treatment

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Energy topics Rijn-Oost (feasibility study)


Five waterboards in the area Rijn-Oost jointly selected nine energy topics. Grontmij compared these topics on CO2-reduction, payback time and opportunities/threats. This comparison will help the waterboards in deciding which provisions to take to reduce energy use and to use renewable energy. The following topics were part of the comparison: 1. Aeration 6. Separated sanitation 2. Optimization of CHP-use 7. Thermal Energy Storage and heat 3. Use of biomass recovery from effluent 4. Use of biofuels 8. Use of efficient water flow 5. Climate neutral WWTP 9. Co-siting Client(s): Waterschappen Regge en Dinkel, Groot Salland, Reest en Wieden, Velt en Vecht, Rijn en IJssel Year of implementation: 2008

Energy policy Waterschap Zeeuws Vlaanderen (policy study)


Grontmij formulated the energy policy for Waterschap Zeeuws Vlaanderen. First an inventory of the energy use was made, after which reduction opportunities were identified. Subsequently, an energy policy was formulated in which important decisions for a consistent energy policy were highlighted. These decisions serve as starting point for further analysis of energy saving measures. Client(s): Waterschap Zeeuwse Eilanden, Year of implementation: 2008

Energy saving research HHNK (inventory)


For the Hoogheemraadschap Hollands Noorderkwartier Grontmij researched the energy saving potential for six waste water treatment plants (WWTPs) and one sludge dryer. These studies were performed in light of the legislation for environental management (Wet Milieubeheer; Wm). In accordance with these regulations, these steps were followed: Description of the energy situation; Inventory of energy saving options; Analysis of the economic feasibility of the energy saving options; Draft an energy plan for the organisation. Client(s): Hoogheemraadschap Hollands Noorderkwartier Year of implementation: 2006-2009

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Overview Grontmij references | Sustainable wastewater treatment

Masterplan Water and Energy (policy study)


Waterschap Regge en Dinkel and Waterschap Groot Salland joined hands to formulate a Masterplan for Water and Energy. This plan aims to optimize energy use in the urban water cycle. Grontmij provides the technical support for creating the masterplan. To this end, Grontmij created two Excel models: An energy balance of the urban water cycle of both waterboards A tool to analyse and assess each measure The calculations from the analysis tool serve as starting point for further analysis in creating the final masterplan. Client(s): Waterschap Regge & Dinkel, Waterschap Groot Salland Year of implementation: 2009/2010

SHARON - New York (realization)


In New York, just as in various locations in Europe, a SHARON reactor was realized. SHARON (Single reactor system for High activitiy Ammonia Removal Over Nitrite) is highly capable of treating high strength ammonia liquors. The system consists of a biological system based on the chemostat principle. In such a system the growth rate of the bacteria is equal to the hydraulic residence time of the system. This allows for a simple and compact purification system without sludge/water separation. In addition, it allows for a high temperature, short residence time treatment in which the nitrification-denitrification process follows the nitrite route. In comparison with the commonly applied nitrate route energy, oxygen and carbon use are greatly reduced. Client(s): New York City Dpt. of Environmental Protection (among others) Year of implementation: 2005/2009

DEMON Apeldoorn (realization)


The effluent restrictions for waste water treatment plants continue to be more binding. As such, separate treatment of high strength ammonia liquors becomes more and more important. Since a few years a new technology is available for removing nitrogen in a more cost-efficient manner: the DEMON-technology. This process uses deammonifying bacteria, which create a reaction between ammonia and nitrite to form nitrogen gas. This technology is an important step towards an energy neutral waste water treatment plant. Moreover, it allows for nitrogen removal of less than 1 euro per kilogram nitrogen. Client(s): Waterschap Veluwe Year of implementation: 2008/2010

Overview Grontmij references | Sustainable wastewater treatment

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Sludge digester Oijen (Scenario study and technological design)


The sludge of the WWTPs Ooijen, Vinkel, Dinther and Aarle-Rixtel is currently dewatered and transported to SNB. Waterschap Aa & Maas wanted to technically and economically optimize this sludge cycle. To this end, several scenarios for fermentation in different locations were analyzed. The scenario where all the sludge is to be digested in three different locations, was favored. It was decided to execute this scenario in several phases; beginning with realizing a sludge digester at WWTP Ooijen. Grontmij created the technological design for this sludge digester. Client(s): Waterschap Aa & Maas Year of implementation: 2009/2010

Sludge strategy study Scheldestromen (feasibility study)


Nine different scenarios for sludge digestion, dewatering and transport for the entire area of Waterschap Scheldestromen were analyzed. Three scenarios were selected for further analysis. In these scenarios all the sludge is digested on one hand by maximizing current digestion capacities and on the other hand by adding to the digestion capacity with new installations. In this feasibility study Grontmij analyzed the entire life cycle costs of the scenarios, including investment costs, maintenance costs and exploitation costs. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was executed on several key economic parameters. Client(s): Waterschap Scheldestromen Year of Implementation: 2009/2010

Olburgen - Waterstromen (Pilot)


At Waterstromen the wastewater of a potato processing plant is treated. This wastewater contains high concentrations of phosphorous and nitrogen and requires expensive treatment. Why treat when you could also recover these useful nutrients? Grontmij used a pilot installation to recover these nutrients from the wastewater and convert them into highly pure struvite granules. These granules can be used as high quality fertilizer. Client(s): Waterstromen Year of implementation: 2010

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Overview Grontmij references | Sustainable wastewater treatment

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Grontmij Nederland B.V. Water & Energy Afdeling Water De Holle Bilt 22 3732 HM De Bilt Postbus 203 3730 AE De Bilt T +31 30 220 78 67 F +31 30 695 63 66 E marijn.kunst@grontmij.nl W www.grontmij.nl

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