EN 175: Advanced Mechanics of Solids Professor K.-S.

Kim, Fall 2011

Due Date: December 1, Thursday
1

Homework Set No.8

8-1. In indentation experiments, an important feature is that the material around the
contact area tends to deform upwards (pile-up) or downwards (sink-in) with respect to the
indented surface plane. According to experimental observations, the surface around
indenters tends to pile up in cases where the indented sample generally has no capacity
for work hardening. On the other hand, when the sample is high work hardening, the
surface around indenters tends to sink in. The ability to work harden inhibits pile-up
because as material at the surface adjacent to the indenter hardens during deformation, it
constrains the upward flow of material to the surface. Hence, the occurrence of such pile-
up and sink-in patterns is usually interpreted in terms of the plasticity behavior of the
indented material.
In this problem, your goal is to use ABAQUS CAE software to illustrate the influence of
material parameters on pile-up and sink-in phenomena in indentation experiments. You
could modify your finite element model which was created in Homework set No.7 for an
axi-symmetric Herzian contact analysis.
Two separate cases of work hardening are considered: one has no work hardening ability,
that is, a work-hardening rate 0 d d o c = (an elasticperfectly plastic material). The
other one has a linear work-hardening rate 10
y
d d o c o = . The materials checked in the
two cases all have a Youngs modulus 70 GPa E = and Poissons ratio 0.25 v = . In both
cases, check six different materials with
y
o = 0.107, 0.393, 0.787, 1.346, 2.5 and 5 GPa
respectively and plot the surface profiles as function of X to examine pile-up and sink-in
phenomena. Finally, write a brief comment on your results.

8-2. (a) We consider analyzing torsion of an elastic prismatic bar
with an equilateral triangular cross section of lateral edge length
a. The torsional stress function of the cross section is given by
s
S c
EN 175: Advanced Mechanics of Solids Professor K.-S. Kim, Fall 2011
Due Date: December 1, Thursday
2

2 2 1 2 1
3 3
3 3
2 2
a a
Bx x x x x
| || |
= +
| |
| |
\ .\ .

for which

2
2 o V = in S and 0 = on S c .
(i) Show that
3
B
a
o
= .
(ii) Knowing that the stress componemts at expressed as
31
2
x

o
c
=
c
and
32
1
x

o
c
=
c
,
derive the warping displacement ( )
3 1 2
, u x x .

(b) Finite element formulation:
(i) Express the weak form of
2
2 o V = in S and
0 = on S c .
(ii) Set up the linear finite element interpolation for the four
triangular elements in OAB for three unknowns of the
inner nodes. Note: Symmetry of in S allows us to
reduce the FEM domain down to OAB.
(iii) Solve the equations for the three unknown nodal values.


(c) Set up ABAQUS CAE to conduct a full linear elasticity calculation of this torsion
problem. Compare the computation results with the solutions of (a) and (b). (Use
200 GPa and 0.3 E v = =

for the calculation.)