2012 Annual Report

impact through action

International Zinc Association

inside
Chairmans Letter Executive Directors Welcome: Impact through Action Zinc Health and Nutrition Zinc Nutrient Initiative Global Technology and Market Development Programs Regional Market Development Programs Environment and Sustainable Development Programs p3 p4 p6 p7 p10 p12 p14 Members List p19

Communications p16

IZA runs a lean organization with an unerring focus on providing demonstrable value. It does so with the energy and commitment of a respected and experienced staff, an excellent network and, equally important, strong Member and stakeholder support for our initiatives.

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Chairmans Letter
Industry Associations play a key role in helping the Industry meet its objectives, particularly in a turbulent and challenging business environment. To this end, IZA runs a lean organization with an unerring focus on providing demonstrable value. It does so with the energy and commitment of a respected and experienced staff, an excellent network and, equally important, strong Member and stakeholder support for our initiatives. As an advocate for the zinc industry, IZA provides an understanding of the essential role of zinc to modern society. IZA also provides a platform for the industry to stay abreast of and respond to - a fast moving regulatory environment, liaising closely with Members, governments and other partners. This Annual Report provides the record of another busy and productive year. Significant progress was made on many fronts, especially with respect to the Zinc Nutrient Initiative and Zinc Saves Kids, both of which are discussed in more detail beginning on page 6. The fact that Zinc - and our Industry and its Members can be associated with health and agriculture is a real benefit. It is as a result of the direct efforts of IZA and its members that zinc is becoming recognized as tackling two global sustainability challenges childrens nutrition and food security key components of our sustainability efforts. Looking ahead, IZA is well positioned to capitalize on the opportunities for additional zinc growth in China, India, and Brazil, as well as from global programs such as zinc in fertilizers and continuously galvanized reinforced steel. Together, we are all making a difference our actions have led to real impact. As we celebrate the achievements of our collective efforts in 2012, let me say thank you to my fellow Board Members, the Executive Committee, IZA staff and committee representatives. We have an exciting work program planned for 2013 and, on behalf of IZA, I seek your ongoing support.

Andrew Michelmore Chairman, IZA

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impact through action

IZAs goal is to help our Members by developing and maintaining sustainable, long-term markets for zinc. We do that through market development, environmental sustainability and communication.
IZA has made significant progress over the last year.
Our Technology and Market Development team has developed several global programs such as zinc fertilizers, galvanized rebar, diecasting and automotive, all of which have significant tonnage potential and have made big strides in 2012. Country plans for China, India and Brazil, areas with significant zinc growth potential, are showing very positive results. Our Environment and Sustainable Development team has successfully addressed global regulatory challenges affecting zinc markets, while adding significantly to the science on zincs environmental performance. The role of zinc in human health, including Zinc Saves Kids and the Mining Compact as part of the new United Nations initiative Every Woman, Every Child has been widely promoted and benefits to the industry have accrued. Our Communications team has refreshed www.zinc.org. Newsletters, new publications, an enhanced media profile and high-quality international conferences and events tailored to the needs of our members have been well-received.

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IZAs competent group of staff and consultants has worked as a team to help realize these successes. This team has established incredibly strong links with downstream users, groups, government bodies and research and development centers globally to help make all of this happen. This Annual Report provides more information, but 2012 highlights include: a significant increase in the use of zinc fertilizers with the potential to increase this globally to a 550,000 tonnes zinc market in the near term. the successful work in producing a quality and less expensive zinc coated reinforcing steel--a potential significant growth market for zinc. huge progress in developing new markets for zinc in China, India, and Latin America. the support of UNICEFs zinc supplementation programs through Zinc Saves Kids and the collaborative work in the new UN Mining Compact initiative. response to new initiatives such as the International Maritime Organizations new rules and regulations on the shipping of concentrates. a very high caliber Zinc College held in cooperation with Votorantim Metais in Brazil. high quality conferences such as the International Zinc Conference, the International Zinc Oxide Conference, and China Technology Week conferences. over 3 million USD comes from third party sources to fund IZA programs.

We are solving problems, tough problems, and we are creating opportunities. I believe strongly that with your support we can continue to provide a significant, positive return on your investment.

Stephen Wilkinson Executive Director, IZA

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Zinc Health and Nutrition

Worldwide, 2 billion people receive insufficient zinc in their diets. UNICEF estimates 450,000 children under the age of five die each year due to zinc deficiency. Two of the most prevalent, life-endangering illnesses, diarrhea and pneumonia, can be prevented with zinc and oral rehydration solutions and antibiotics.

UNICEF and the Zinc Saves Kids Initiative

During the past three years, IZA has funded UNICEFs zinc supplementation and treatment programs in Peru and Nepal through its Zinc Saves Kids program. Tens of thousands of children with severe diarrhea have received life saving zinc and ORS treatments and over 200,000 children are now receiving zinc and micronutrient supplements, which contribute significantly to reducing the number of children suffering from stunted growth and impaired brain development. Over 10,000 health professionals, community agents and volunteers have been trained in zinc. In Peru, Zinc Saves Kids was responsible for the Ministry of Health to incorporate zinc supplementation for diarrhea treatment in the clinical guidelines for child healthcare and make MNP supplementation a top priority with the goal of going towards zero malnutrition in 2016. This effort has provided a very positive image for the Zinc Industry and was critical in helping IZA rank second out of seven associations in an independent evaluation on Sustainability. Proactive efforts such as presenting to governments have had very positive impact. Articles on zinc and health have been on the rise significantly and there has been a huge increase in the number of visitors to the Zinc and Health section of the www.zinc.org website.

Mining Compact for Child Health

In addition to UNICEF, IZA has played a key role in establishing the Mining Compact for Child Health, which will support a new global public/private sector partnership to end child pneumonia and diarrheal deaths in high burden countries. Members of the Compact include IZA, the MDG Health Alliance, USAID, the UN Foundation and the Zinc Alliance for Child Health. IZA has been working with Member companies and other mining and metals companies to facilitate health programs in these high burden countries. IZA and the Zinc Industry was publicly recognized in several meetings during United Nations week in New York.

Every Woman, Every Child

The Compact is working on behalf of the Commission on Life-Saving Commodities For Women and Children, which is organized by the United Nations and UNICEF, and will give access to essential health supplies and technologies, such as zinc, that will prevent premature deaths of children under five and women of childbearing age. UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon, who is leading this new effort said, The commission will tackle an overlooked but vital aspect of health systems and ensure that women and children are protected from preventable causes of death and disease. The commission is an extension of the UNs Every Woman Every Child movement to support achievement of the health-related Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).

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Zinc Nutrient Initiative

Building the foundation for a new 500,000 tonne zinc market

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The Zinc Nutrient Initiative strategy has a strong focus on India, China and Brazil, countries where zinc deficiency is a significant issue in both soils and people and also where the market potential for zinc fertilizers is greatest.

Understanding the market

Zinc is one of eight trace elements that plants need for normal growth and reproduction, and yet 50% of all agricultural soils worldwide are zinc deficient. Without the proper amount of zinc, crop productivity and the nutritional value of those crops are severely limited. IZA launched the Zinc Nutrient Initiative to increase use of zinc fertilizers.

fertilizer companies, testament to the value and effectiveness of the ZNI activities.

2012 Milestones
For the first time, Chinas Ministry of Agriculture has included zinc in their National Recommendation for fertilizers. The National Recommendation for zinc fertilizers was also extended to include summer crops. 300,000 field agents are presently being trained to implement these recommendations. The China International Capital Corporation Limited (CICC), a leading investment banking firm, published a forecast of the zinc fertilizer market in China and globally which exceeds IZAs market projections. CICC estimated potential range from a base of 350kt - 500kt for the China zinc market and potential range of 590kt - 920kt for the global zinc market. Since the ZNI program started in India, the amount of zinc going into the fertilizer market has more than doubled (e.g. increase from 21,000 tpy to 45,000 tpy zinc metal) , based on projections for 2012 and statistics from the Fertilizer Association of India. IZA has signed an MOU with the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture to work cooperatively to promote zinc fertilizers in Brazil. The World Bank has indicated that they will add zinc fertilizers to their Haiti program and will look at other regions as well.

Demonstration Crop Trials

Crop trials with zinc were conducted in areas with large rural farming populations and zinc deficient soils, including India, China, Southeast Asia, Africa, Brazil and Mexico. China and India alone account for close to 50% of global fertilizer usage. These trials have all shown marked increase in crop productivity or zinc concentration in the plant. For example, experimental wheat crops in India showed yield increase ranging from 20-50% when zinc was added to NPK fertilizers.

Education & Outreach

Zinc fertilizer training workshops have been held in each of the target countries. Case studies, technical brochures, fact sheets, newsletters and web posted information at www. zinc.org have augmented the education process. Partnerships with government agencies, the fertilizer industry, and farming groups have advanced awareness and policies that promote the use of zinc fertilizers. The program has attracted 25 Affiliate Members, including many of the worlds largest

IZAs ZNI efforts are resulting in widespread increased use of zinc fertilizer. Zinc is at the forefront for helping solve two key global issues: food and nutritional security.

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Technology & Market Development

Two new zinc diecast alloys have been developed through IZA research that have the potential to add significant tonnes to the zinc diecasting market.

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The Technology and Market Development program aims at growing and retaining the markets for zinc across a range of zinc applications and geographical markets.

Zinc Diecasting Alloys

IZA has developed new creep-resistant and high-fluidity alloys with improved properties that will enable new market opportunities for zinc diecastings. IZA has been addressing highpriority data gaps in the engineering properties of key zinc alloys information required by designers and specifiers. IZAs extensive engineering properties database is hosted at www. zinc.org. Through seminars and conferences, IZA promotes the benefits of zinc castings to designers, specifiers and engineers in Europe, North America and elsewhere.

Colored Zinc
One of the roles of IZA is to explore potential new markets and opportunities. One such opportunity for growth is to have an inexpensive and colored galvanized product, such as green galvanized zinc for street furniture in parks. The sol-gel process is a promising path forward. Work is underway to develop application techniques that allow replacing the solvents required by current technology with greener alternatives. This process offers cost and performance benefits over organic coatings such as paint. IZA played a key role in a 1.5 million euro project being awarded by the EU CRAFT Program to develop this process.

marketing plan could potentially double this market in these fast growing areas.

Galvanized Autobody Partnership (GAP)

GAP is a cooperative platform for the zinc, steel and automobile industries to retain and grow the market for advanced corrosion-resistant sheet steels in automobiles through technical innovation. With new legislation to significantly improve mileage of autos, this program has become critical in terms of competing with other materials such as aluminum. The program focus is to enhance the performance of galvanized advanced high strength steels through process improvements in automotive galvanizing lines and extending capabilities of zinc-based coatings. Eighty percent of the program is funded by sources outside the zinc industry, mainly by the worldwide steel industry. Direct involvement of these companies in the conception and direction of programs fosters direct transfer of results to the automotive industry. Many advanced vehicle designs are now making use of GAP program results, including the newest models of the Volkswagen Golf and the Ford Focus. Such designs could have otherwise have been developed in aluminum or plastic.
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Galvanized Rebar
IZA is positioning galvanizing as the preferred method for protecting rebar in corrosive environments. A newly developed in-line galvanizing process provides major cost savings and a better quality product. This process also integrates the galvanizing operation and product sales into the existing rebar manufacturing and distribution channels. With its partners, IZA has successfully produced quality product at a pilot line in China. Discussions are underway with other potential partners to produce and further develop this market. Work also continues to add epoxy over the zinc coating.

Sprayed Zinc Coatings

Zinc thermal spraying is used to provide corrosion protection to steel articles that cannot be hot-dip galvanized, often due to the size of the steel structure. This process involves passing zinc wire or powder through an electric arc or flame sprayer. Substantial opportunities for growth are seen in the wind energy and ship building markets. In 2012, IZA launched the Thermal Spray Development Group to conduct market development activities for windmills. The group has attracted nine sponsor companies to date and a proactive

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Regional Market Development Programs

The worlds fastest growing economies, China, South-East Asia, Latin America and India offer tremendous growth opportunities, especially for galvanized sheet for infrastructure, automotive, zinc coated rebar, and diecasting.

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IZA is raising the awareness of the benefits and the use of zinc coatings and castings. IZAs expertise in end-use markets and results from IZAs global programs such as GAP and galvanized rebar are being transferred to these regions.

China
IZA has been instrumental in advancing the development of a duplex coating system zinc and epoxy which is of particular interest to the Ministry of Railways. Galfancoated rebar has also been developed which will add significantly to the rebar market potential in China and globally. Three major Chinese steel companies have joined IZAs GAP program and have agreed to carry out a joint effort to develop the market for galvanized steel for automotive applications. The first step has been to improve the quality of the galvanized sheet. Presently less than 20% of the steel in Chinese cars is galvanized, as compared to over 80% in other parts of the world. IZA, the Hong Kong Constructional Metal Structures Association and the Macao Society for Metal Structures agreed to carry out joint activities and technical collaboration with the China Steel Construction Society and China Metal Structures Association. This arrangement will enable IZA to promote hot-dip galvanizing as a key form of corrosion protection for steel structures. In 2012, IZA successfully organized a Zinc Technology Week highlighting the latest technology on smelting and refining and general galvanizing. The two three-day sessions attracted 180 participants and feedback indicated that IZA is playing a key role in technology and marketing transfer and that efforts should be continued.

Southeast Asia
Infrastructural projects including power distribution networks, transportation infrastructure and building construction provide substantial growth potential in SE Asia. To create greater awareness of benefits of using hot-dip galvanized parts for infrastructure, IZA, in collaboration with local partners, held technical and marketing seminars in Thailand and Indonesia targeting engineers, architects, specifiers and technical project consultants. Followup work continues.

In diecasting, a Common Fund for Commodities (CFC) Fast Track Program was launched and a Techno Economic Assessment of the Indian zinc diecasting industry was undertaken. Four demonstration plants were chosen for a detailed plant audit, operations benchmarking and process investment recommendations. An interactive training tool for diecasters will be developed.

Latin America
In Brazil there is significant demand for infrastructure development offering huge market potential for general galvanizing. Seminars geared at general galvanizers and their prospective customers; the development of the galvanized rebar market in Brazil; and the support of zinc oxide and zinc diecasting segments are the major platforms. As a result of a technical presentation on potential uses of general galvanized steel, in both on-shore and off-shore oil and gas applications, Petrobras, one of the worlds major oil companies, will conduct a trial project using galvanized steel. IZA collaborated with the Brazilian non-ferrous metals institute ICZ and the major Brazilian galvanizers on this effort. In Mexico, IZA, with the Mexican Galvanizers Association successfully presented the case for using galvanized structural steel to stateowned petroleum company Pemex. In Colombia, with the Industrys National Association, IZA highlighted the benefits of galvanized coatings for protecting steel from corrosion at a number of seminars.
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India
In India IZAs TMD program has made significant progress in increasing the markets for hot-dip and continuous galvanizing as well as diecasting. In a collaborative effort with the India Lead Zinc Development Association, remaining funds from the Interactive Hot-Dip Galvanizing training tool originally developed as part of the CFC project in China, has been transferred to India to help raise the technical capabilities of the Indian galvanizers. IZA provided technical assistance to local steel sheet producers to raise their capabilities for producing highquality galvanized and galvanneal sheet for the automotive industry which offers excellent opportunities for zinc. IZA was successful in developing an Indian construction association, which will help work on increasing the coating thicknesses for zinc as well as ensuring specifications are in favor of galvanized steel.

Environment and Sustainable Development

Supporting sustainable zinc markets through environmental sustainability and resource efficiency

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The objective of IZAs Environment and Sustainable Development program is to continually assess the sustainability of zinc and zinc products through the development of sound scientific information and to communicate this information to the key markets and stakeholders.

Sustainable Development
In 2012 IZA released a new Guiding Principle on Childrens Rights committing to uphold key principles to ensure the safety and well-being of children. IZA also assisted the Steel Framing Alliance (SFA) in drafting a critical review of an LCA comparing wood and galvanized building materials. Finally, through Five Winds/PE, IZA monitored key LCA platforms for risks and opportunities.

Consortium and participated in a workshop at Yale University where metal experts refined the scientific methodology for assessing metal Criticality and identified future demand scenarios for metals. Zinc, on all counts, scored very well. IZA released a fact sheet on zinc recycling which details the zinc recycling circuit, including sources of recycled zinc, end uses, methods for assessing recycling rates, and current recycling statistics

Recycling
IZAs recycling program is ensuring that the zinc industry has reliable recycling data and statistics in response to government requests and in support of its sustainability messaging. The major tasks include: monitoring and addressing relevant policies, initiatives and directives; communicating with resource management stakeholders; and collecting data on consumption and use. In 2012, IZA participated in an effort conducted by Yale University to collect global consumption and use data on zinc and other materials for its recycling model. The study, which collected data from 50 countries, showed that there has been significant increase in the end-of-life recycling rate for zinc compared to the last major review done in 1995. The United Nations Environment Program has convened a Resource Panel to review the Criticality of metals. IZA has joined the

Regulatory Affairs
IZA monitors global and regional regulatory challenges to zinc and coordinates industry responses. Key activities included: The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has revised its convention on marine pollution and the new marine transport regulations pertaining to cargo residues which will impact the shipping of zinc concentrates. IZA is working with the International Council on Mining and Metals (ICMM), to coordinate industry responses to IMO. IZA has undertaken a program to ensure the proper classification of zinc concentrates. Zinc was under review as a possible priority substance under the European Water Framework Directive. IZA made a strong case to the Commission against zincs prioritization and as a result it was removed from
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When a metallic building product reaches the end of its life, it can be fully recycled. Currently, more than 95% of the metallic products used in buildings are collected at end-of-life. High economic value is the main driver for this systematic collection and recycling. As metal recycling provides energy savings of between 60% and 95% compared to primary production, depending on the metal and the metal-bearing product, metal recycling creates a win-win situation for both the environment and the economy.

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Communications
Providing the most current information on zinc to Members and stakeholders through user-friendly media. Website
IZAs website is continually being updated with the most current developments in the zinc industry. New in the past year are translated pages in Chinese and Portuguese in response to the growing number of affiliates and collaborators in China and Brazil. Also new are the Recycling and Publications pages.

Publications
Among the publications released by IZA in 2012 are: an updated Zinc in Fertilizers brochure, Guiding Principles on Climate Change and Childrens Rights in the Workplace, and Recycling: Closing the Loop. In addition to these publications, IZA has released eight newsletters highlighting current developments in each of the program areas.

Media
IZA maintains an ever-expanding network of media contacts through social channels and the worldwide web. Keeping up with the latest news regarding the zinc market has allowed us to keep Members informed of critical issues as they happen. In addition to the News sections on www.zinc.org, IZA also tracks and shares health and crop news through Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn.

Deliverables & Displays

IZA offers a variety of materials to Members for displays in conferences, workshops, and seminars. IZA has prepared posters, banners, booklets, and other printed materials which can be used to illustrate specific zinc applications or collectively to show the wide range of uses for zinc in industrial design, everyday products, crop nutrition, and human health.

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GalvInfo Center
The GalvInfo Center was created to provide a support resource for end users and designer/specifiers of zinc coated sheet steel. Areas of expertise include the manufacturing, performance, design and use of the product. The GalvInfo Center knowledge base has been translated and disseminated globally through IZAs regional network. As well, technical seminars occur annually in North America and China; these will be held in India and Brazil in 2013.

Anti-Microbial Brass Alloys

The International Copper Association (ICA) and IZA have been working together to increase brass consumption to the benefit of both metals. A major focus of this effort has been to improve the color stability and appearance of antimicrobial copper-zinc alloys. A new family of copper alloys has been designed, based on initial findings, with high zinc levels to determine if color stability can be further improved. Research has shown that an alloy containing at least 17% zinc, with the further addition of nickel, has the greatest resistance to darkening under simulated service

availability, provided some specific technical issues are solved, such as cathode durability and electrical recharging. IZA continues to monitor the electricity storage market developments. IZA continued its support of a 3-year program at National Research Council Canada to investigate the use of room temperature ionic liquids to enhance the performance of zinc-air energy storage systems. Such a system would be well suited to the stationary energy storage market, which is forecast to grow exponentially in the coming decades. IZA submitted a paper on Zinc Energy to the Journal of Power Sources.

Zinc Oxide
Research has confirmed ZnOs strong retarding influence on concrete setting and IZAs contractors on this project will be presenting their findings at the American Concrete Institutes Fall 2012 meeting. IZA continues to host the successful annual International Zinc Oxide conference.

Zinc Energy Storage

Zinc as an energy storage material offers the potential for unmatched performance, cost, safety and

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consideration in the Commissions proposal. IZA monitors this closely, and continues to advocate the use of natural background and bioavailability to assess zinc in water. This concept is gaining traction and UK authorities have now proposed a new tiered water quality standard for zinc based on these principles. The EUs Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risk (SCHER) has published its opinion on the issue and fully supports the proposed standard and tiered approach. This opinion will be a major reference in future discussions on standard setting for zinc in the EU. IZA successfully coordinated the revision of the zinc and cadmium production sections for the nonferrous metals BREF (Best Available Technology Reference) document developed under the EUs Industrial Emissions Directive. The work was done under the auspices of the European Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Bureau which was established to facilitate an exchange of

information between Member States and industry on the environmental performance of equipment and processes. The findings will be used as guidance to member states when issuing emission permits. IZA spent considerable effort in preparing and submitting technical documents to the EU on Energy Trading Schemes (ETS), an initiative that could mean millions of euros for European producers. This work also has implications for other jurisdictions which is looking to implement similar schemes. IZA is also monitoring closely the new Resource Efficiency program launched in Europe. This ties in closely with the Metal Building initiative and the recycling program.

parties, addresses industry needs in soils, sediments and waters. The Zinc Ecotoxicity program has developed environmental fate and effects information to address regulatory concerns. This program is addressing critical issues for zinc in waters, sediments, soils and the atmosphere The Marine program seeks to characterize the chemical interactions between zinc and dissolved organic matter in estuarine and marine waters for use in biotic ligand modeling. The program is also evaluating the protective role of salinity and dissolved organic carbon on accumulation and acute zinc toxicity. The development of a flexible database tool with data filtering and screening capabilities is nearing completion. The tool is designed to estimate site-specific criteria/ standards using methodology appropriate for Europe, North America and other regions.

Research
IZAs environmental research program is generating sound science in support of regulatory, communication and sustainability activities. Ongoing research, much of which is supported by third

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Full Members
Befesa Zinc BHP Billiton Marketing Asia Pte Ltd. Boliden AB Compaia Minera Antamina S.A. Compaia Minera Atacocha S.A. Compaia Minera Milpo S.A. Doe Run Corporate Resources Doe Run Peru S.A. Goldcorp Inc. Grillo-Werke AG Hecla Mining Company Hindustan Zinc Ltd. Horsehead Corporation HudBay Minerals, Inc. Huta Cynku Miasteczko Slaskie Industrial Minera Mexico S.A. de C.V. / Grupo Mexico S.A. de C.V. Industrias Peoles S.A. de C.V. JSC Chelyabinsk Zinc Plant Kazzinc KCM S.A. Korea Zinc Co. Ltd.
In addition IZA has a number of affiliate members including galvanizers, diecasters, zinc sheet and wire producers, recyclers, fertilizer companies and others. To view the full list of IZA members, go to: www.zinc.org/about/members.

Lundin Mining Corporation MMG Ltd. Mitsui Mining and Smelting Co., Ltd. Nanjing Yin Mao Lead-Zinc Co., Ltd. Nyrstar NV Padaeng Industry Public Co., Ltd. Perilya Ltd. Portovesme SRL Rheinzink GmbH & Co. KG Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Nonfemet Co., Ltd. Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. Teck Resources Limited Votorantim Metais Zinco S.A. Xiang Yun FeiLong Industry Co., Ltd. Xstrata Zinc Yunnan Chihong Zn & Ge Co., Ltd. Yunnan Yuntong Zinc Co., Ltd. Zanjan Zinc Khalessazan Industries Co. ZGH Boleslaw S.A.

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International Zinc Association Avenue de Tervueren 168/Box 4 B-1150 Brussels, Belgium tel: +32 2 776 00 70 fax: +32 2 776 00 89 email: contact @zinc.org web: www.zinc.org
2012 International Zinc Association. All Rights Reserved.

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