Self-assessment practice tests

Test 3 Material from Chapters 912 | 45 minutes

1 Methane is the major component of natural gas and is a major fuel. The diagram represents the combustion of methane.

+
P Q

What are P and Q? P A B C D oxygen hydrogen oxygen hydrogen Q water carbon dioxide carbon dioxide water

Hydrocarbons can be either saturated or unsaturated. Of the four structures here, which of them is unsaturated?
A H H C H H C H H C H H H H C H H C H B H C C H H

C H H C H H C H H C H C H H H H H C H H C H

D H C H H C H H

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Organic compounds can be grouped into homologous series or chemical families. Which two substances below belong to the same homologous series? A B C D carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide methanol and methanoic acid graphite and diamond ethane and hexane

One method of making ethanol is by fermentation. The diagram shows apparatus for fermenting sugar.
escaping gas

water

mixture of sugar, water and yeast

Which gas escapes from the apparatus? A B C D hydrogen carbon dioxide sulfur dioxide carbon monoxide

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One feature of a homologous series is that there is a regular change in the values of certain physical properties. The graph shows the way in which the boiling points of some alkanes depend on the number of carbon atoms in their molecules.
+80 +40 0 Boiling point / C 40 80 120 160

Number of carbon atoms in one molecule of the alkane

From the graph, estimate the boiling point of butane. A 80 C 6 B 40 C C 0 C D +40 C

Covalent compounds are made up of molecules held together by covalent bonds. The diagrams show models of a water molecule, H2O, and of a carbon dioxide molecule, CO2.

water

carbon dioxide

Which diagram represents a molecule of methane?

A B C D

What is produced when methane is completely burnt in air? A B C D carbon dioxide and water carbon dioxide and hydrogen carbon and water carbon monoxide and hydrogen

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The structures of three organic substances are shown.

H H C H O H H H C H H C H O H H H C H H C H H C H O H

Why do these substances all belong to the same homologous series? A B C D 9 They all contain oxygen. They are all saturated. They are all compounds. They all contain the same functional group.

Ethanol can be made by fermentation and also by the hydration of ethene. The equation for the manufacture of ethanol is as shown. C2H4 + H2O C2H5OH

Three possible reaction conditions are listed below. 1 2 3 using a temperature of 80 C using a temperature of 300 C using a catalyst of phosphoric acid

Which combination of these conditions is used?

Catalyst present A B C D yes yes no no

Temperature 250 C 80 C 80 C 250 C

10 There is a wide range of different organic molecules. The structures of four important organic molecules are shown below. Which structure is a liquid at room temperature and is found in wine and beer?
A H H C H H H H C C H B H H H C H C H C H OH H H C H D H C H H C H H

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11 The energy released when a substance burns will depend on how many atoms there are to combine with oxygen. Increasing the number of atoms in one molecule of a hydrocarbon increases the amount of energy released when it burns. What is the correct order for ethane, ethene and methane? Less energy released more energy released A B C D methane ethane ethane methane ethane methane ethene ethene ethene ethene methane ethane

12 Organic compounds have names that correspond to the homologous series they belong to. Four types of organic compound have names ending in -ane, -ene, -ol or -oic acid. How many of these types of compound contain oxygen? A 3 B 2 C l D 4

13 The structure of an organic compound is shown.

H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C C H H

To which homologous series or family of compounds does this compound belong? A B C D alcohols alkanes acids alkenes

14 The two compounds whose structures are shown in the diagram below have similar chemical properties.
H H C H H C H H C H O H H H C H H C O H H C H H

What is the reason for this? Their molecules have the same A B C D relative molecular mass. functional group. number of oxygen atoms. number of carbon atoms.

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15 There is currently a great deal of concern about finding alternative fuels. The main consideration is the quantity of greenhouse gases released by human activities. Butane, ethanol and hydrogen are all used as fuels or being developed as such. Which of these substances produce both carbon dioxide and water when used as fuels?

Butane A B C D yes yes no yes

Ethanol yes no yes yes

Hydrogen yes yes no no

16 Which of the following is a noble gas? A B C D radon nitrogen monoxide nitrogen hydrogen

17 Which compound contains all the elements needed for a balanced fertiliser? A B C D (NH4)2SO4 K(NH4)2PO4 K2SO4 (NH2)2CO

18 There are various analytical tests for compounds. One of these is for ammonium compounds. Ammonium chloride is heated with substance X. The gas given off turns damp red litmus paper blue. Which type of substance is X? A B C D acid metal base salt

19 Limestone is a source of calcium carbonate and therefore an important resource. Which of the following is an industrial use of calcium carbonate? A B C D purification of water manufacture of aluminium manufacture of cement cracking of hydrocarbons

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20 Atmospheric pollution is a major problem, particularly in large cities. Which of these substances is not an atmospheric pollutant? A B C D carbon monoxide argon an oxide of nitrogen sulfur dioxide

21 The level of carbon dioxide in the air is a growing concern. Four chemical changes are listed below. 1 2 3 4 respiration heating limestone rusting of iron burning coal

Which of these changes produce carbon dioxide? A B C D 1 only 1 and 2 only 1, 2 and 4 only 2, 3 and 4 only

22 Helium is usually used to fill airships now. But hydrogen is a lighter gas than helium. Why are airships filled with helium rather than hydrogen? A B C D Helium is unreactive. Helium is colourless. Helium is more dense than hydrogen. Helium is found in air.

23 Which of these elements burns in oxygen to form an oxide which is liquid at room temperature? A B C D sodium helium hydrogen sulfur

24 The analytical tests are important in helping us to identify unknown substances. Which salt, when dissolved in water, gives a white precipitate with aqueous silver nitrate? A copper nitrate B ammonium nitrate C potassium chloride D lithium iodide

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25 The burning of fossil fuels such as coal is a source of continuing concern. Which of the following gases are released into the air from burning coal? Carbon monoxide A B C D no yes yes yes Carbon dioxide yes yes yes no Sulfur dioxide no yes no yes

26 The colour of a salt is often quite helpful in identifying it, but more conclusive analytical tests are needed to be sure. Which of the following is aqueous copper(II) sulfate? Colour A B C D blue blue colourless colourless Add acidied barium chloride white precipitate no precipitate white precipitate blue precipitate

27 Hydrochloric acid is added to solid X and a colourless gas is given off. This gas is bubbled into limewater. The limewater turns cloudy. What could the solid X have been? A B C D magnesium chloride magnesium magnesium carbonate magnesium oxide

28 Which gas is released when magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid? A carbon dioxide B oxygen C chlorine D hydrogen 29 What test would be used to check that the gas released in a chemical reaction was chlorine? A B C D gas relights a glowing splint gas gives a pop with a lighted splint gas turns moist litmus paper blue gas bleaches moist red litmus paper

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30 Which of these substances would neutralise hydrochloric acid? A litmus solution B carbon dioxide C ammonia D water 31 The domestic water supply is treated in various ways to make it safe for use. Which of the following treatments is designed to kill any bacteria present in the water? A B C D sedimentation filtration through gravel beds treatment with chlorine passage through metal grills

32 Which of the following gases is a contributor to acid rain? A B C D methane carbon monoxide sulfur dioxide chlorofluorocarbons

33 Acid rain has harmful effects on the environment. Which of the following is not an effect of acid rain? A B C D damage to marble statues and buildings rising sea levels reduction of fish populations in lakes the killing of trees

34 Global warming is a consequence of increased levels of certain gases in the atmosphere, possibly as a result of human activity. These gases are often referred to as greenhouse gases. Which of the following is a greenhouse gas? A B C D carbon monoxide methane oxygen nitrogen

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35 One of the major uses of copper is in electrical wiring. Copper wires in an electricity cable are covered in plastic.

plastic

plastic

copper wire

Why is plastic used? A B C D It is an insulator. It is hard. It melts easily. It is a polymer.

36 There are different ways in which a substance can conduct electricity, depending partly on whether it is in the solid or liquid state. Which substance is a poor conductor of electricity both when solid and when liquid? A potassium oxide B lithium chloride C sulfur D magnesium 37 The electrolysis of concentrated aqueous sodium chloride is important as the industrial method of producing sodium hydroxide. Which two other substances are also produced in the process? A B C D chlorine and hydrogen hydrogen and sodium chlorine and sodium hydrogen and oxygen

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38 The wiring and connections involved in a domestic electric circuit must be very safe. The table shows some properties of four materials, some of which could be used in the home.

Material W X Y Z

Melting point / C 39 20 to 10 170220 1083

Electrical conductivity when solid good poor poor good

Which of these materials are most suitable to make the case and pins of an electric plug?

pins

plug case

Case A B C D X W Z Y

Pins Y X Y Z

39 There are certain requirements for electrolysis to take place. One of these is the nature of the substance between the electrodes. Which of these diagrams shows a beaker in which electrolysis takes place?
A B C D

carbon electrodes

carbon electrodes

carbon electrodes

carbon electrodes

ethanol

distilled water

aqueous sodium chloride

mercury

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40 Electroplating is a well used industrial process. In which set of apparatus would the metal key be electroplated with copper?
A B C D

aqueous copper(II) sulfate

aqueous copper(II) sulfate = piece of copper

aqueous copper(II) sulfate = key

aqueous copper(II) sulfate

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