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Self-assessment practice tests

Test 1 Material from Chapters 24 | 45 minutes


1 The kinetic theory suggests different arrangements for the atoms or molecules in the three states of matter. The diagrams below show how evidence suggests the particles are arranged in the three states of matter.
1 2 3

What are the three states shown? 1 A B C D 2 gas liquid solid liquid 2 liquid gas liquid solid 3 solid solid gas gas

The graph shows the heating curve for a metal that is solid at room temperature (25 C). The metal has been heated until it turns to vapour.

D Temperature / C

B A Time

Which part of the graph represents the period of time when the metal is melting?

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This diagram shows ice cubes floating on the surface in a glass of fizzy drink.

ice cubes

glass

drink

bubbles

In which of these are the particles close together but free to move past each other? A B C D 4 bubbles glass drink ice cubes

A student wanted to obtain a pure sample of water from seawater. Which apparatus could he use to do this?
A B C D

Separating sand from salt is a commonly used demonstration of the first stages of a purification process. The diagram shows the first step in the process.
stirring rod

water sand and salt

What is the next step? A filter the mixture C evaporate the water B carry out chromatography D freeze the mixture

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Coloured sweets contain edible dyes. These dyes can be separated by chromatography. The diagram shows results obtained from three different orange sweets.

red

red

yellow

yellow

yellow

red sweet 1 sweet 2

red sweet 3

How many different red dyes were present in these orange sweets? A 4 7 B 3 C 2 D 7

Which of the diagrams shows the process of diffusion?


A

key different atoms

The diagram below shows one of the changes of physical state. Which change of state is shown?

A boiling C sublimation

B condensation D melting

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Some people are sitting round a dinner table to have a meal together.

It was a special meal and when the lid of the dish was removed, all the people could smell the appetising food. How did the smell reach them when the lid was lifted? A B C D by decomposition by diffusion by distillation by decolorisation

10 The structure of an atom is defined by two numbers: the proton number and the nucleon number. What is the electronic structure of an atom with proton (atomic) number 5 and nucleon (mass) number 11? A 2,8,1 B 3,2 C 2,3 D 1,8,2

11 Cadmium is an element that has several isotopes. One of these isotopes is 112 48Cd. Which particle is another isotope of cadmium? Protons A B C D 48 48 112 62 Neutrons 62 112 48 48

12 Two of the subatomic particles that make up an atom are the proton and the electron. What are the electrical charges on a proton and an electron? Proton A B C D neutral positive negative neutral Electron negative negative positive positive

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13 An atom of any element must contain equal numbers of the following: A B C D electrons, neutrons and protons. electrons and protons. neutrons and protons. electrons and neutrons.

14 Naturally occurring hydrogen consists of two different isotopes. 2 These are 1 1H and 1H. Which diagram shows the arrangement of particles in the two isotopes?
1 H 1 e A P 2 H 1 Key e P P e p B n p n = nucleus e = an electron P = a proton n = a neutron

e C P

e P n

e D n

e p e

15 The diagram shows part of the Periodic Table. Which of the four elements shown is a non-metal?

A C D

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16 The diagram shows one of the ways of representing an atom, in this case an atom of element X.

Key electron nucleus

To which group of the Periodic Table does X belong? A 2 B 0 C 3 D 6

17 There is a link between the electron arrangement of an atom and its position in the Periodic Table. The table below shows the electronic structures of four elements. Which element is a noble gas? Element Number of electrons Shell 1 A B C D 2 2 2 1 Shell 2 0 2 6 0

18 The reactivity of elements within a group in the Periodic Table changes with their position in the group. What is the order of increasing reactivity of the elements in Group I and in Group VII? Group I A B C D Cs Li Li Cs Li Cs Cs Li Group VII FI IF FI IF

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19 The diagram shows an outline of the Periodic Table with certain elements marked.
W V Y X

Which of the elements V, W, X or Y is a metal and which is a non-metal? Non-metal A B C D Y Y W W Metal V X X V

20 Elements in the same group of the Periodic Table have similar properties. Element X is a colourless, unreactive gas. Which group of the Periodic Table is X in? A Group VI C Group 0 B Group I D Group VII

21 The structure of any atom is essentially defined by two numbers. How many protons, neutrons and electrons are present in an atom of the element with proton (atomic) number 6 and nucleon (mass) number 14? Protons A B C D 6 8 6 8 Neutrons 8 6 8 6 Electrons 6 6 8 8

22 Metals usually form compounds involving ionic bonding. How do metals form their ions? A by gaining protons C by losing electrons B by gaining electrons D by losing protons

23 Chlorine is a highly reactive non-metal. What particles are gained by chlorine when it reacts with potassium? A protons C atoms B electrons D ions
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24 There are various different types of structure that compounds can form, depending on the nature of their bonding. A substance has an ionic structure that can be represented as shown.
+ + + + + +

What could the substance be? A iodine C potassium bromide B water D diamond

25 The boiling point of a substance is linked to the type of bonding present in the substance. Two elements X and Y combine to form a liquid with the relatively low boiling point of 120 C. Which of the lines in the following table is correct? Type of element X A B C D metal non-metal non-metal metal Y metal non-metal non-metal non-metal covalent ionic covalent ionic Type of bonding

26 Some non-metallic elements form covalent simple molecular structures involving a number of atoms. Phosphorus is one of these, forming the molecule P4. The diagram shows this covalent molecule of phosphorus.

How many electrons in total are shared in the bonds in this molecule? A 12 B 8 C 4 D 2

27 Which of the following elements exists as a giant covalent structure? A B C D carbon iodine helium oxygen

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28 Covalent bonding involves electrons being shared between the atoms bonded together. Methane is made up of covalently bonded molecules. Which diagram represents the bonding in methane?
A C B

Key electron from carbon

C H

D H

electron from hydrogen

29 A gas is made up of simple molecules that have the formula NOCl. Which of the following diagrams shows the molecules of this gas, NOCl?
A B C D

Key N Cl O

30 Methane is the simplest hydrocarbon and has the formula CH4.


H H C H H

What is the total number of the electrons involved in the bonding in this molecule? A 10 B 2 C 8 D 4

31 A chemical reaction takes place when iron filings and sulfur are mixed in a test tube and heated with a Bunsen burner. The reaction mixture continues to glow even when the Bunsen burner is removed. Which type of reaction is taking place? A B C D thermal decomposition synthesis neutralisation precipitation
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32 A word equation is shown below: zinc + hydrochloric acid zinc chloride + hydrogen What is the symbol equation for this reaction? A B C D 2Zn + HCl ZnCl2 + H2 Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2 Zn + HCl ZnCl2 + H2 2Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2

33 The test for carbon dioxide is that it turns limewater cloudy. Which of the following is a balanced equation for this reaction between carbon dioxide and aqueous calcium hydroxide? A B C D CO2 + CaOH2 CaCO2 + H2O CO2 + CaOH2 CaCO3 + H2 CO + Ca(OH)2 CaCO2 + H2O CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O

34 A pink crystalline compound was heated as shown.

steam

pink compound

heat

When heated, the solid changed colour from pink to blue and steam was driven off. After the tube had cooled down, water was added to the contents of the test tube and the pink colour returned. Which term describes the change that took place? A B C D reversible cracking neutralisation combustion

35 One type of chemical change is reduction. In which reaction is the underlined substance being reduced? A B C D CuO + CO Cu + CO2 Cu2O + C 2Cu + CO 2Cu + O2 2CuO 2Cu2O + O2 4CuO

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36 Hydrogen and chlorine react together to synthesise hydrogen chloride as shown. 1 molecule of hydrogen + 1 molecule of chlorine 2 molecules of hydrogen chloride What is the balanced chemical equation for this reaction? A B C D 2H + 2Cl 2HCl H + Cl HCl H2 + Cl2 2HCl H2 + Cl2 H2Cl2

37 The equation represents a reaction between two solutions. AgNO3(aq) + HCl(aq) HNO3(aq) + AgCl(s) What is the residue when the reaction mixture is filtered? A AgCl B AgNO3 C HCl D HNO3

38 The blast furnace extraction of iron is a very important industrial reaction. The equation describing this reaction is given below: iron(III) oxide + carbon monoxide iron + carbon dioxide Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2

Which substance is reduced in the course of this reaction? A B C D carbon monoxide iron iron(III) oxide carbon dioxide

39 In which of the following does a chemical change take place? A B C D distillation evaporation filtration neutralisation

40 Limestone is an important mineral resource. What is the chemical name for this mineral? A B C D calcium fluoride magnesium carbonate calcium oxide calcium carbonate

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