Universal Gravitation: 1. Who determined the value of the gravitational constant (G)? a. Newton b. Galileo c. Einstein d. Schrdinger e.

Cavendish 2. Who came up with the law for Universal Gravitation? a. Newton b. Galileo c. Einstein d. Schrdinger e. Cavendish 3. Two large objects of equal mass m are separated by a distance r and exert a gravitational pull of magnitude F. If the distance between the two objects is reduced to r/4, what is the new gravitational force acting on each object? a. F/2 b. F/4 c. F/16 d. 4F e. 16F 4. An object of mass m1 is a distance r away from a mass of m2. If m1 is tripled and the distance between the two objects is increased from r to 3r, what is the new gravitational force? a. F/9 b. F/3 c. F d. 3F e. 9F 5. A satellite is orbiting the Earth a distance RE above its surface. What is the acceleration due to gravity in this orbit? (RE is the radius of the earth) a. 2.45 m/s2 b. 4.9 m/s2 c. 9.8 m/s2 d. 19.6 m/s2 e. 39.2 m/s2

3R

6. A satellite is orbiting a planet a distance R from its center and another satellite is orbiting at a distance 3R from its center. What is the relation between the accelerations due to gravity for each case? (a1 is the acceleration a distance R away from its center and a2 is the acceleration due to gravity a distance 3R from its center) a. 2 = 91 b. c. d. e. 2 2 2 2 = 31 = 1 = 31 = 91

7. Planet has 2 times the mass of the Earth and of the radius. The acceleration due to gravity at the surface is closest to: a. 20 m/s2 b. 40 m/s2 c. 80 m/s2 d. 3 m/s2 e. 5 m/s2 8. Planet has 5 times the mass of the Earth and 2 times the radius. The acceleration due to gravity at the surface of planet is closest to: a. 6.125 m/s2 b. 12.5 m/s2 c. 25 m/s2 d. 10 m/s2 e. 49 m/s2 9. What is the weight of an object that has a mass of 10 kg on the surface of the Earth? a. 49 N b. 64 N c. 86 N d. 98 N e. 110 N

10. A mass of 10 kg is placed on the surface of Mars. What is its mass? (The acceleration due to gravity on Mars is 3.7 m/s2) a. .37 kg b. 3.7 kg c. 37 kg d. 10 kg e. 100 kg 11. A mass of 10 kg is placed on the surface of Mars. What is its weight? (The acceleration due to gravity on Mars is 3.7 m/s2) a. .37 N b. 3.7 N c. 37 N d. 10 N e. 100 N 12. How much work is done by the force due to gravity when an object moves from the center of the Earth to a height above its surface equal to its radius, 2r? a. = / b. = ()/2 c. = 2/ d. = / e. = ()/ 13. What is the gravitational potential energy of an object located 32,000m above the Earths Surface? a. = /(32 + ) b. = /(32,000 + ) c. = / d. = /( 32 ) e. = / 14. As an object moves away from the surface of the Earth, the graph of the gravitational potential energy is: a)
R r

b)
R r

c)
R r

d)
R r

e)
R r

15. A rocket ship is sitting on the surface of a planet with a mass of 1x1027 kg and a radius of 6.67x1012 m. What is the planets escape velocity? a. 200 m/s b. 100 m/s c. 1002 m/s d. 50 m/s e. 10 m/s 16. There are two Planets, each with the same surface gravity, but Planet 1 has a greater radius and is less massive then Planet 2. Which of these planets has a greater escape velocity? a. Planet 1 b. Planet 2 c. Both have the same escape velocity because surface gravity is equal d. Not enough information is given 17. Satellite A remains in a stable circular orbit of 2 RE above the earths center. If satellite B were to maintain a stable circular orbit of 4RE above the Earths center, what velocity must it maintain with respect to satellite 1? a. = 2 b. = 2 c. = d. = 2 e. = 2 18. A meteor follows an elliptical orbit around the sun. When does the meteor swipe through the greatest area in time t? a. When it is the closest to the sun b. When it is the furthest away from the sun c. It is impossible for an object to maintain an elliptical orbit therefore the question is not valid d. The meteor sweeps through equal areas in the same amount of time anywhere in the orbit

19. A satellite of mass m is traveling in an elliptical orbit about the Earth. At its furthest distance of its velocity is . What is its velocity at point A, which is a distance from the Earths center?
a.

b. = c. = d. = e. =

20. A satellite orbiting around Jupiter at a distance r from its center has a period of T1. What 1 would the period of an identical satellite orbiting at a distance 4 from Jupiters center? a. T2=T1/2 b. T2=T1/4 c. T2=T1/8 d. T2=4T1 e. T2=8T1 21. A satellite orbiting a planet at a distance of 8x106 m from its center has a period of 16 hours. What would be the period of a satellite orbiting at a distance of 2x106 m above the planets center? a. 2 hrs. b. 4 hrs. c. 6 hrs. d. 8 hrs. e. 32 hrs. 22. A satellite is orbiting a planet at distance r above its surface and has a period of T. What would the distance above the surface have to be in order for the period to become eight times greater? a. Rnew=R/7 b. Rnew=R/4 c. Rnew=R d. Rnew=4R e. Rnew=7R

23. What is the total mechanical energy of a satellite of mass m orbiting the Earth at a distance equal to 2 times the Earths radius above its surface? a. = 6 b. = c. = d. = e. =
4 2 2 4

24. Why does an astronaut appear to be weightless in a satellite orbiting the Earth? a. The astronaut is unaffected by the Earths gravitational pull at this distance b. The Moon is exerting a force equal to and in the opposite direction of the force that the Earth is exerting. Therefore there is no net force acting on the astronaut. c. The astronaut is not accelerating d. The astronaut is in a constant state of free fall e. When in space the astronaut has no mass 25. What is the graph for the gravitational potential energy of an object moving inside a planet in a circular orbit with radius k, with respect to the center of the planet? a)
0 R

b)
0 R

c)
0 R

d)
0 R

e)
0 R

26. For all gravitational problems where do we consider the mass to be concentrated? a. All of the mass is concentrated on the objects surface b. All of the mass is concentrated at the objects center c. The mass is distributed throughout the object d. The mass is considered to be concentrated halfway between the center and the surface e. Its varies depending on the density of the planet

27. If a hole could be cut straight through the earth and a person dropped a ball of mass m what path would the ball follow? a. The ball will fall straight through the hole and come out the other side b. The ball will oscillate c. The ball will stop once it reaches the center d. The ball will never make it to the center e. The ball will rebound as if it hit a floor and bounce back up to the person

Answer Key
Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Answer E A E B A A C B D D C B A A C B D D A C A E A D A B B