Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat & Mass Transfer

Theory & Application

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq

Professor HITEC University

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Course Outline
Introduction Heat Conduction Fundamental of Convection Application : Heat Exchangers Mass Diffusion

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Course Outline

Heat Exchanger
What is Heat Exchanger?
Types of Heat Exchanger Mathematical Modeling

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers

Selection of HE

Available HE

For a specified temperature change in a known mass flow rate LMTD Method

Find or predict outlet temperature of hot and cold stream

NTU Method

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Number of Transfer Units Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers

NTU Method Heat Exchanger available in the storage will do the job ???

Determination of heat transfer rate and outlet temperatures of hot and cold fluids for;

Given mass flow rate

inlet temperatures Available size of HE

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers

NTU Method Why not LMTD Method ???

Determination of heat transfer rate and outlet temperatures Given mass flow rate inlet temperatures Available size of HE

UA T Q s lm

T1 T2 Tlm ln T1 T2

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers

NTU Method
This method is basically based on the a dimensionless parameter, called Heat transfer effectiveness () ;

Actual Heat Transfer :

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers

NTU Method
Maximum Heat Transfer :

m C p T Q

Maximize the Temperature Difference

How much maximum Temperature difference is available ???

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers

NTU Method
Maximum Heat Transfer : So, heat transfer will be maximum, when; 1. Hot fluid is cooled to the inlet temperature of cold fluid. 2. Cold fluid is heated to intlet temperature of hot fluid But !!! This two limiting conditions can not be fulfill simultaneously unless;

Ch Cc
or

hC ph m cC pc m

Which is not usual ???

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers

NTU Method
Maximum Heat Transfer : Which is usual

Ch Cc
The fluid with smaller heat capacity rate will experience a larger temperature difference

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers

NTU Method
So, now if effectiveness () of heat exchanger is known, the actual heat transfer can be calculated easily by;

Q Q max

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers

NTU Method

Number of Transfer Units

Capacity Ratio

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers

NTU Method

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers

NTU Method

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers

NTU Method

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers

NTU Method

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

The use of a heat exchanger with a large Heat Exchangers NTU (usually larger than 3) and thus a Analysis Heat Exchangers large size cannot beof justified economically

NTU Method

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers

NTU Method

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers

NTU Method

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers

NTU Method

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers

NTU Method

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers

NTU Method

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Heat Exchangers Analysis of Heat Exchangers Smart car manufacturers require a compact car radiator with effectiveness of 80%. Designer conduct a test with air (Cp = 1005 J/kgC) enters in a car radiator at 15C at a rate of 2.5 kg/s, which is heated by a hot water (Cp = 4190 J/kgC) that enters in the tubes at 95C at a rate of 1.5 kg/s. Determine the outlet temperatures of air and water. Also calculate the (UA) of the required car radiator Challenge Problem

Heat Exchanger

Heat & Mass Transfer

Thank You