Professional Documents
Culture Documents
College of Architecture
Legal Background
The 1987 Philippine Constitution
The State shall protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature. - Article II, Section 16
PD 1152 (1977): Philippine Environmental Code Required all land use management regulating or enforcing agencies to consider significant environmental impacts, as well as other aspects of locating industries.
(1979)IRR-PD 1586
Defined the parameters for EIS; established penalty structures for non-compliance; created the EIA review committee; set the procedures for implementing the EIS system; provided for exempt-ions, & established procedures for public hearings related to an EIS.
Set the legal basis for DENRs administrative and technical actions to respond to issues emerging from the implementation of DAO 96-37 DENR Environmental Management Bureau released in 2007 the Revised Procedural Manual containing more detailed guidelines and procedures in implementing the Philippine EIS system.
EIA Stages
1. Screening
Determines if a project is covered or not covered by the PEISS. If a project is covered, screening further determines what document type the project should prepare to secure the needed approval, and what the rest of the requirements are in terms of EMB office of application, endorsing and decision authorities, duration of processing. Identifies the most significant issues/impacts of a proposed project, and then, delimits the extent of baseline information to those necessary to evaluate and mitigate the impacts. Involves a description of the proposed project and its alternatives, characterization of the project environment, impact identification and prediction, evaluation of impact significance, impact mitigation, formulation of Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan, An EMB procedural screening for compliance to minimum requirements specified during Scoping, followed by a substantive review of either composed third party experts commissioned by EMB as the EIA Review Committee for PEIS/EIS-based applications, or DENR/EMB internal specialists, the Technical Committee, for IEEbased applications. Involves evaluation of EIA recommendations and the draft decision document, resulting to the issuance of an ECC, CNC or Denial Letter. When approved, a covered project is issued its certificate of Environmental Compliance Commitment (ECC) while an application of a non-covered project is issued a Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC). Assesses performance of the Proponent against the ECC and its commitments in the Environmental Management and Monitoring Plans to ensure actual impacts of the project are adequately prevented or mitigated.
2. Scoping 3. EIA Study and Report Preparation 4. EIA Report Review and Evaluation
EIA Study / Report Change Project Plan / Relocate Deny ECC Review and Evaluation of EIA Issue ECC
Secure necessary permits from other Gas and LGUs Expansion / Project Modification Implementation Monitoring and Evaluation / Audit
Impact Categories
Land Water
Air
People
Stages of Development
Pre construction Construction Operation Abandonement
Project Sub-Categories
Group 1 A. Golf Course Projects a.1 Golf Course Projects / Complex B. Heavy Industries b.1 Iron and Steel Mills b.2 Non Ferrous Steel Industries b.3 Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries b.4 Smelting Plants C. Resource Extractive Industries c.1 Fishery Projects c.2 Forestry Projects c.3 Major Mining and Quarrying Projects D. Infrastructure Projects d.1 Major Dams d.2 Major Reclamation Projects d.3 Major Road and Bridges d.4 Major Power Plants Group 2 A. Heavy Industries a.1 Iron and Steel Mills a.2 Non Ferrous Metal Industries a.3 Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries a.4 Smelting Plants B. Resource Extractive b.1 Fishery Projects b.2 Forestry Projects b.3 Minor Mining and Quarrying Projects C. Infrastructure Industries c.1 Minor Dams c.2 Minor Powerplants c.3 Minor Reclamation Projects c.4 Minor Roads and Bridges c.5 Other Powerplants (not listed in Proclamation no. 2146)
Project Sub-Categories
Group 2 (cont.) D. Agriculture Industry d.1 Agricultural Plantation d.2 Agricultural Processing Facilities d.3 Cut-flower industry / Projects d.4 Livestock Production E. Building, Storage Facilities and other Structures e.1 Cemetery e.2 Commercial (mixed use) e.3 Commercial (office space) e.4 Facilities for Barangay Micro Business Enterprise e.5 Family Dwellings e.6 Funeral Parlors e.7 Institutional and other Related Facilities e.8 Institutional and other Related Structures with Laboratory Facilities e.9 Motels, Hotel and Apartelles F. Chemical Industries f.1 Manufacturing, processing and/or use of substances included in the Priority Chemical List f.2 Manufacture of explosives, propellants and industrial gases f.3 Manufacture of agri-chemicals and other industrial chemicals not in the PCL f4. Pharmaceutical industries and manufacture of soap and detergents, health and beauty products, and other consumer products.
Project Sub-Categories
Group 2 (cont.) f5. Surface coating industries (paints, pigments, varnishes, lacquers, anticapacity fouling coating, printing inks) G. Cottage Industries H. Demonstration and Pilot Projects I. Environmental Enhancement and Environmental Mitigation Projects i1. Artificial Reef i2. Pollution control devices or facilities required under the ECC condition/s of the main project/s covered under Groups I or II. i3. Pollution control devices or similar facilities intended to prevent emissions and/or discharges beyond allowable limits i4. Preventive or proactive measures against potential natural hazards i5. Reforestation projects
Project Sub-Categories
Group 2 (cont.) j7. Other types of food (and other food byproducts, additives, etc. processing industries j8. Processing of dairy products j9. Sugar Mills
O. Tourism Industry
o1. Resorts and other tourism/leisure projects
Project Sub-Categories
Group 4 Group 5
Unclassified Projects
These are the projects not listed in any of the groups, e.g. projects using new processes/technologies with uncertain impacts. This is an interim category unclassified projects will eventually be classified into their appropriate groups after EMB evaluation.
Categorization Matrix
Projects or Undertakings 1. Buildings and other structures Family dwellings/apartment type EIS: >= 25,000 square meters (gross/total floor area including parking and other areas) IEE: >= 10,000 square meters but < 25,000 square meters (gross/total floor area including parking and other areas) Regardless of area Category A B D CNC
Motels, Hotels, Condominium/Apartelles (residential) Commercial, [business centers with residential units (mixed use), malls, supermarkets]
< 10,000 square meters (gross/total floor area including parking and other areas) OR Kiosk type or mobile fastfood
Projects or Undertakings
Category A B EIS: >= 50,000 square meters (gross/total floor area including parking and other areas) D CNC
Commercial [office spaces only] Institutional and other related facilities: religious, government, and educational IEE: >= 15,000 square meters (gross/total floor area) but < 50,000 square meters (gross/total floor areaincluding parking and other areas)
< 2,000 square meters (gross/total floor area including parking and other areas)
Regardless of size or area EIS: tertiary hospitals or medical facilities IEE: secondary or primary hospitals or medical facilities >= 10,000.0 square meters (gross/total floor area) Clinics (out-patient, health centers, dental clinics) including rural health units < 10,000.0 square meters (gross/total floor area)
Categorization Matrix
Projects or Undertakings Category A B EIS: >= 1,000 MT capacity IEE: < 1,000 MT capacity IEE: >= 10 hectares IEE Checklist: < 10 hectares < 5.0 hectares, OR funeral parlors, crematorium, columbarium D CNC
Subdivision and housing projects, resettlement projects and other similar (horizontal ) land development projects
Scoping 1.Social Preparation / IEC of LGUs 2.Request for Scoping with EMB 3.Review Team Formation, Scheduling of Three Level Scoping Activity 4.Conduct of Three Level Scoping Activity
a. Project briefing meeting with review team b. Public scoping with community c. Technical scoping with review team
Contents
Project Description Baseline Environmental Description Impact Assessment Environmental Management Plan
Impact Assessment
Significant environmental impacts in relation to: Pre-construction Construction Development Operation Decommissioning Taking into account cumulative, unavoidable and residual impacts;
Matters to be Discussed
1. The proponent, especially their responsibilities to the community 2. The project, including its elements or components, its implementation and related development 3. The elements and features of the environment likely to be affected by the project; 4. The impact, as identified and assessed; 5. The option, as studied and evaluated; 6. Monitoring, follow-up, enhancement, and mitigating measures; 7. Negotiated settlements or compensations 8. Assurances and guarantees for compliance to the environmental management plan
MVE Schemes 1. Compliance Monitoring 2. Field Validation 3. Effectiveness of Environmental Management Measures
References
Go, Mervin D. (2008). Environmental Impact Assessment: A System Comparison between the Philippines, India and South Africa. Malayang III, Ben S. (2005). The Philippines Environmental Impact Assessment System: Notes on its History, Current Issues and Prospects. Tio, Jacob S. (2008). The Philippine EIS System. DENR-EMB MC 2007-002. Revised Procedural Manual for DENR Administrative Order No. 30, Series of 2003 (DA0 03-30).