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What is the Tensile Test and what kind of Specimens are used?
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What is the Tensile Test and what kind of Specimens are used?
During Tensile Tests standardized Specimens are loaded under Tension Load until Material Failure
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What is the Tensile Test and what kind of Specimens are used?
During Tensile Tests standardized Specimens are loaded under Tension Load until Material Failure
Usage of a Loading Device, usually Universal Testing Machines are used, which are available from different Manufactures Instron MTS Zwick Shimadzu Hegewald und Peschke and others World-Wide
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What is the Tensile Test and what kind of Specimens are used?
During Tensile Tests standardized Specimens are loaded under Tension Load until Material Failure
Usage of a Loading Device, usually Universal Testing Machines are used, which are available from different Manufactures Instron MTS Zwick Shimadzu Hegewald und Peschke and others World-Wide The Testing Machine must be equipped with a Load Cell to record the applied Load on the Test Specimen during the Tensile Test
3-Frame Setup / Frame 1 3-Frame Setup / Frame 2 3-Frame Setup / Frame 3
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What is the Tensile Test and what kind of Specimens are used?
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What is the Tensile Test and what kind of Specimens are used?
L0
L0
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What is the Tensile Test and what kind of Specimens are used?
L0
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What is the Tensile Test and what kind of Specimens are used?
L0
L0
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What is the Tensile Test and what kind of Specimens are used?
L0
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Why is a Tensile Test carried out? The Tensile Test is performed to determine Material Parameters standardized
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Why is a Tensile Test carried out? The Tensile Test is performed to determine Material Parameters standardized These Material Parameters are based on the Evaluation of Strain and Stress
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Why is a Tensile Test carried out? The Tensile Test is performed to determine Material Parameters standardized These Material Parameters are based on the Evaluation of Strain and Stress Strain Values are evaluated from the Measurement of the Change of Length and Change of Width of the Tensile Specimen
Longitudinal Strain:
y= x=
L L0
L0 B B0 B0
Transversal Strain:
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Why is a Tensile Test carried out? The Tensile Test is performed to determine Material Parameters standardized These Material Parameters are based on the Evaluation of Strain and Stress Change of Lengths / Strain Measurement
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Why is a Tensile Test carried out? The Tensile Test is performed to determine Material Parameters standardized These Material Parameters are based on the Evaluation of Strain and Stress Change of Lengths / Strain Measurement The Stress () is evaluated considering a uni-axial Stress State along the specimen, the Change of the Intersection Area (A) of the Test Specimen and the Load / Force (F) acting on it Stress:
F A
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Why is a Tensile Test carried out? The Tensile Test is performed to determine Material Parameters standardized These Material Parameters are based on the Evaluation of Strain and Stress Change of Lengths / Strain Measurement Stress Calculation
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Why is a Tensile Test carried out? The Tensile Test is performed to determine Material Parameters standardized Stress Strain Curve
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Why is a Tensile Test carried out? The Tensile Test is performed to determine Material Parameters standardized Stress Strain Curve Derived Material Parameters from Stress Strain Curve Youngs Modulus Yield Strength Tensile Strength
N-Value
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Why is a Tensile Test carried out? The Tensile Test is performed to determine Material Parameters standardized Stress Strain Curve Derived Material Parameters from Stress Strain Curve Youngs Modulus Yield Strength Tensile Strength
Poissons Ratio
R-Value
N-Value
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Stress Strain Curve Description of the Ratio between Stress and Strain Curve
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Stress Strain Curve Description of the Ratio between Stress and Strain Curve Evaluation of Stress Strain Curve Technical Stress
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Stress Strain Curve Description of the Ratio between Stress and Strain Curve Evaluation of Stress Strain Curve Technical Stress
True Stress
Considering local Specimen Deformation Change of Specimen Width and Thickness is evaluated from the local Measuring Data of the Test Specimens Surface
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Stress Strain Curve Description of the Ratio between Stress and Strain Curve Evaluation of Stress Strain Curve Technical Stress
True Stress
Considering local Specimen Deformation Change of Specimen Width and Thickness is evaluated from the local Measuring Data of the Test Specimens Surface
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Stress Strain Curve Description of the Ratio between Stress and Strain Curve Evaluation of Stress Strain Curve Technical Stress
True Stress
Rm: Point or greatest Technical Stress Ag: Corresponding Strain to greatest Stress Rm Sf: Fracture Stress
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Stress Strain Curve Youngs Modulus Defined as Gradient in the elastic Area of the Stress Strain Curve Constant Value
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Stress Strain Curve Youngs Modulus Defined as Gradient in the elastic Area of the Stress Strain Curve Constant Value Rp02
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Stress Strain Curve Youngs Modulus Rp02 N-Value Describes the Hardening of Metal Materials in the Area of uniform Elongation Constant Value Defined as Gradient of the Stress Strain Curve between 10% and 20% Deformation
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Stress Strain Curve Youngs Modulus Rp02 N-Value Poisson Ratio Description of the Ratio of Expansion and Compression in the elastic Range of Deformation Constant Value
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Stress Strain Curve Youngs Modulus Rp02 N-Value Poisson Ratio R-Value Description of the longitudinal Anisotropy for Metal Materials Constant Value
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Strain Measurement Methods One Strain Value is usually derived from the Measurement of the Change of Length of the Test Specimen during the Tensile Test Reference length: 50mm, 80mm,
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Strain Measurement Methods One Strain Value is usually derived from the Measurement of the Change of Length of the Test Specimen during the Tensile Test Universal Testing Machine Measurement of the Travel of the Traverse
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Strain Measurement Methods One Strain Value is usually derived from the Measurement of the Change of Length of the Test Specimen during the Tensile Test Universal Testing Machine Extensometers Tactile Extensometers
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Strain Measurement Methods One Strain Value is usually derived from the Measurement of the Change of Length of the Test Specimen during the Tensile Test Universal Testing Machine Extensometers Tactile Extensometers Video Extensometers
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Strain Measurement Methods One Strain Value is usually derived from the Measurement of the Change of Length of the Test Specimen during the Tensile Test Universal Testing Machine Extensometers Tactile Extensometers Video Extensometers Laser Extensometers
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Strain Measurement Methods One Strain Value is usually derived from the Measurement of the Change of Length of the Test Specimen during the Tensile Test Universal Testing Machine Extensometers Length Measurement Only based on two Points Fixed Strain Reference Length, thus the local Sampling is limited Different Materials and Specimen Geometries may require different Extensometers
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The ARAMIS Stereo Camera Setup is setup and positioned in front of the Universal Test Machine
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The ARAMIS Stereo Camera Setup is setup and positioned in front of the Universal Test Machine The ARAMIS System includes
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The ARAMIS Stereo Camera Setup is setup and positioned in front of the Universal Test Machine The ARAMIS System includes Stereo Camera Sensor Lenses
Calibration Objects
Illumination 3D Setup for the Measurement of Test Specimens Response in 3D Space
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The ARAMIS Stereo Camera Setup is setup and positioned in front of the Universal Test Machine The ARAMIS System includes Stereo Camera Sensor Sensor Control Device
Synchronization of Tensile Test with Image Acquisition in terms of recording the Load Signal from the Load Cell installed in the Universal Testing Machine
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The ARAMIS Stereo Camera Setup is setup and positioned in front of the Universal Test Machine The ARAMIS System includes Stereo Camera Sensor Sensor Control Device
Image Evaluation PC
19 Rack-mount Notebook (only for ARAMIS 2M and 5M)
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System
Resolution
Framerate
Sensor
Illumination
Control PC
ARAMIS 2M
Integrated LED
Notebook or 19 PC
ARAMIS 5M
Integrated LED
Notebook or 19 PC
ARAMIS 4M
Integrated LED
Only 19 PC
ARAMIS 12M
58Hz 464Hz
Integrated LED
Only 19 PC
ARAMIS HS
500Hz 4000Hz
External Halogen
Only 19 PC
ARAMIS HHS
Up to 1.000.000Hz
External Halogen
Notebook or 19 PC
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ARAMIS Application Tensile Test Principle of optical 3D Measurement Digital Image Correlation (DIC)
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Digital Image Correlation (DIC) Preparation of Tensile Test Specimen Stochastic or deterministic Pattern Pattern follows the Deformation of the Test Specimen under Load or Motion
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Digital Image Correlation (DIC) Preparation of Tensile Test Specimen Image Acquisition Reference Image is recorded before the Tensile Test starts to provide a Reference for all Displacement and Strain Calculation This Reference Image can be understood as a Displacement and Strain Calibration
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Digital Image Correlation (DIC) Preparation of Tensile Test Specimen Image Acquisition Reference Image Acquisition of Images during the Tensile Test
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Digital Image Correlation (DIC) Preparation of Tensile Test Specimen Image Acquisition Reference Image Acquisition of Images during the Tensile Test To evaluate the Youngs Modulus and the Poisson Ratio a larger Number Images must be recorded during the Beginning of the Test, while the Specimen deforms elastically After the Transition from elastic to plastic Deformation a lower Images Acquisition Frequency is typically used
3-Frame Setup / Frame 1 3-Frame Setup / Frame 2 3-Frame Setup / Frame 3
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Digital Image Correlation (DIC) Preparation of Tensile Test Specimen Image Acquisition Reference Image Acquisition of Images during the Tensile Test To evaluate the Youngs Modulus and the Poisson Ratio a larger Number Images must be recorded during the Beginning of the Test, while the Specimen deforms elastically After the Transition from elastic to plastic Deformation a lower Images Acquisition Frequency is typically used
3-Frame Setup / Frame 1 3-Frame Setup / Frame 2 3-Frame Setup / Frame 3
Additionally the Image Acquisition Frequency can be aligned to sample the Fracture Behavior of the Test Specimen
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Digital Image Correlation (DIC) Preparation of Tensile Test Specimen Image Acquisition Reference Image Acquisition of Images during the Tensile Test To evaluate the Youngs Modulus and the Poisson Ratio a larger Number Images must be recorded during the Beginning of the Test, while the Specimen deforms elastically After the Transition from elastic to plastic Deformation a lower Images Acquisition Frequency is typically used
3-Frame Setup / Frame 1 3-Frame Setup / Frame 2 3-Frame Setup / Frame 3
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Digital Image Correlation (DIC) Preparation of Tensile Test Specimen Image Acquisition Image Processing Pattern Recognition using Digital Image Correlation
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Digital Image Correlation (DIC) Preparation of Tensile Test Specimen Image Acquisition Image Processing 3D Coordinates Image Coordinates based on Facet Centers
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Digital Image Correlation (DIC) Preparation of Tensile Test Specimen Image Acquisition Image Processing 3D Coordinates 3D Displacements and Velocity
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Digital Image Correlation (DIC) Preparation of Tensile Test Specimen Image Acquisition Image Processing 3D Coordinates 3D Displacements and Velocity Strain Tensor Major and Minor Strain Strain in X, Y, Shear Strain Thickness Reduction Strain Rates for all Strain Measures
3-Frame Setup / Frame 1 3-Frame Setup / Frame 2 3-Frame Setup / Frame 3
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ARAMIS Measurement Project Evaluation Image Acquisition ARAMIS Measurement Project Definition and Image Processing
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ARAMIS Measurement Project Evaluation Image Acquisition ARAMIS Measurement Project Definition and Image Processing 3D Measurement Data Post-Processing
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ARAMIS Measurement Project Evaluation Image Acquisition ARAMIS Measurement Project Definition and Image Processing 3D Measurement Data Post-Processing Calculation of Tensile Test relevant Material Parameters
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Due to high Resolution local Effects are automatically sampled and can thus be analyzed
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Due to high Resolution local Effects are automatically sampled and can thus be analyzed Lders Bands
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Due to high Resolution local Effects are automatically sampled and can thus be analyzed Lders Bands Flow Fronts
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Due to high Resolution local Effects are automatically sampled and can thus be analyzed Lders Bands Flow Fronts Necking and Specimen Failure
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ARAMIS Application Tensile Test System Configurations and Differences for the Application of Tensile Testing
System
Resolution
Framerate
Sensor
Illumination
Control PC
ARAMIS 2M
Integrated LED
Notebook or 19 PC
ARAMIS 5M
Integrated LED
Notebook or 19 PC
ARAMIS 4M
Integrated LED
Only 19 PC
ARAMIS 12M
58Hz 464Hz
Integrated LED
Only 19 PC
ARAMIS HS
500Hz 4000Hz
External Halogen
Only 19 PC
ARAMIS HHS
Up to 1.000.000Hz
External Halogen
Notebook or 19 PC
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Area of Interest
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Area of Interest
A greater Camera Resolution leads to a larger Field of View with the same local Measurement Resolution
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Area of Interest
A greater Camera Resolution leads to a larger Field of View with the same local Measurement Resolution Adjusting the same Field of View will lead to a better local Measuring Resolution
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Area of Interest
A greater Camera Resolution leads to a larger Field of View with the same local Measurement Resolution Adjusting the same Field of View will lead to a better local Measuring Resolution
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