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3G test, 3G testing, 3G installation, 3G maintenance, 3G commissioning, 3G Set up UMTS test, UMTS testing, UMTS installation, UMTS maintenance xDSL test, xDSL testing, xDSL installation, xDSL maintenance
byte 1 2 3 4 5 6 53
Payload
Payload
Figure 1
Function VPI VCI Unassigned 0 0 Invalid <> 0 0 Idle 0 0 Metasignaling UNI *any 1 Broadcast UNI *any 2 Segment OAM F4 any 3 E2E OAM F4 any 4 P2P Signaling *any 5 VP Management any 6 ILMI 0 16 PNNI 0 18 Segment OAM F5 any not 0, 3, 4, 6 or 7 E2E OAM F5 any not 0, 3, 4, 6 or 7 VC Management any not 0, 3, 4, 6 or 7 User data any > 31
PTI any any 0 0xx any 0xx 0x0 0xx 110 z 0 100 101 110 0xx
CLP 0 0 1 any any any any any any any any any any any any
y b k l c i a VCs D
R l c D VPs
y b k a i
VPs
VCs
* For VPI=0 the specific VCI is reserved for signalling with the local exchange or ATM switch where the user is connected. For VPI values other than 0 specific VCI value is reserved for signalling with other signalling entities (e.g. other users or remote networks)
Figure 2
a)
a b c d H A B
in out
A In
b)
in out
B Out
In Out In Out
In Out In Out
e f g h
C
e f
a c
D E
g h
Figure 3
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a b c d
ATM test ATM testing ATM installation ATM maintenance ATM pocket guide ATM reference ATM solutions 3G test, 3G testing, 3G installation, 3G maintenance, 3G commissioning, 3G Set up
In 1 VPI/VCI B/Out 3 VPI/VCI C/-
VPI/VCI=A/a
B/b CI = PI/V
VP Switch
In VPI/VCI 2 D/b
TE In 1
VPI/VCI=C/b
VC Switch
TE
/b I=D VC / I VP
VP Switch In VPI/VCI 2 C/Out 3 VPI/VCI D/-
VPI/VCI=E/c
Figure 4
TE
VC
VCI=a
VC
VP switch
VCI=b
Virtual path link
VC
VCI=c
VC
VP
VPI=A
VP
VPI=B
VP
VPI=C
VP
VPI=D
VP
VPI=E
VP
UNI
NNI
NNI
UNI
SLA
TE
Terminal equipment
Figure 5
User Plane
Control Plane
User Plane
Signaling
TE
AAL ATM Adaptation Layer
VC Switch
SAAL
VC Switch
Signal ATM Adaptation Layer???
TE
Figure 6
ATM test ATM testing ATM installation ATM maintenance ATM pocket guide ATM reference ATM solutions 3G test, 3G testing, 3G installation, 3G maintenance, 3G commissioning, 3G Set up
Sources
ATM Layer
Payload
Physical Layer
Slots
48-byte
48
+ + + + +
Header
Fiber Coaxial
ATM cells
STP
Frames
53 bytes
UTP Wireless
Figure 7
STP UTP
Continuous Stream
Upper Layers
Convergence sublayer
n bytes
AAL-SAP
AAL-SAP
CS-PDU
48 bytes
AAL
SAR-PDU
48 bytes
ATM-PDU SLA
53 bytes
ATM
Physical Layer
Figure 8
a) AAL2
SAR ATM-SAP
SAR
Figure 9
a) Multiplexing many channels (CIDs) in one ATM connection (AAL2 only) b) Multiplexing structure for AAL3/4 and AAL5
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SSCS
SSCS
ATM test ATM testing ATM installation ATM maintenance ATM pocket guide ATM reference ATM solutions 3G test, 3G testing, 3G installation, 3G maintenance, 3G commissioning, 3G Set up
bytes bits 1 3 3 1 48 bytes
CSI SC SN
CRC SNP
SAR-PDU
Figure 10
AAL1 structure
Channel 1
Size (bytes) m, n, o, p, ...
Channel 2 CID=y
CPS-SDU CPS-PDU
Channel 3 CID=x
CPS-SDU CPS-PDU
Channel 4 CID=x
CPS-SDU CPS-PDU Padding
CID=x
CPS-SDU CPS-PDU
m+3, n+3,....
48
53
Header
Payload Header Payload Header CPS STF Payload Common Part Sublayer Start Field
CPS
STF
CID bits 0 7
LI UUI HEC 13 18 23
OSF SN P bits 0 6 7
Figure 11
AAL2 format
SLA
CS-PDU: SAR-PDU:
bytes
n bytes
CPI BT
2 44
BA
2
user data
AL ET
LEN
head
SDU
BOM
trail
head
SDU COM
trail
...
head
SDU EOM
trail
ST SN MID
bits 6 4 10
LI
6
CRC
10
AL BA BOM BT
LEN LI MID P
SDU SN ST
Figure 12
AAL3/4 format
1 to 65,535 2
bytes
0-47
CS-PDU:
header 5 48
User data
PAD
UU CPI
LI
CRC
SAR-PDU:
PT BOM PTI=xx0
payload
PT COM PTI=xx0
payload
...
PT
payload
...
Figure 13
AAL5 format
ATM test ATM testing ATM installation ATM maintenance ATM pocket guide ATM reference ATM solutions 3G test, 3G testing, 3G installation, 3G maintenance, 3G commissioning, 3G Set up
a0
a1
a2
a3 t
ttx trx
c1 c0
c0 c1
c2 c2
c0 1-CDV T=1/PCR
c1 1-CDV T=1/PCR
c2
c3 1-CDV T=1/PCR
CTD0
Cell transmission Cell reception
CTD1
CTD2
1-CDV = ck - ak
Figure 14
VP/VC switch
End-to-end gener. Segmented gener.
VP layer
VCI=3 F4 flow
SLA VCI=4
VPI=Z
VCI=4
VPI=X
Figure 15
End device
VP/VC Switch VCI=n VCI=n VCI=q VCI=q VCI=q End-to-end gener. Segmented gener. Processing
VP layer
Figure 16
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PTI=100
ATM test ATM testing ATM installation ATM maintenance ATM pocket guide ATM reference ATM solutions 3G test, 3G testing, 3G installation, 3G maintenance, 3G commissioning, 3G Set up
End Device VP/VC Switch VP Switch VC-RDI VC-AIS VP-RDI VP-RDI VP-AIS VP-RDI VP/VC Switch End Device
Figure 17
Payload
Header
bits
Type
4
Function
4
Reserved
6
CRC 10
10 x10+x9+x5+x4+x+1
OAM Type Code Fault management Performance management Activation & deactivation
Function
AIS 0001 RDI Continuity Loopback 0010 FPM BPM 1000 Performance Continuity
Fault type
1
Fault location
16
6Ah
28
Loopback
1
Correlation
4
Location ID
16
Source ID
16
SLA
MID
6bits
Direction Correlation
2bits 8bits
PMA-B
4bits
PMB-A
4bits
6Ah
336bits
Figure 18
Payload
Header
bytes 5
SN
4
TS
4
Not used
37
TCPT
1
CRC16
2
SN TCPT TS
Figure 19
Payload
Pseudo-Random Pseudo-Random Bit Sequence Bit Sequence (PRBS) (PRBS) Fixed Fixed word word defined defined by the by user the user
48
Figure 20
ATM test ATM testing ATM installation ATM maintenance ATM pocket guide ATM reference ATM solutions 3G test, 3G testing, 3G installation, 3G maintenance, 3G commissioning, 3G Set up
a b A B xDSL A ATM PHY a b c d
DSLAM (xTU-C)
xTU-R
Network Termination
Local Loop
B C ATM link
xTU-R
C xDSL
Figure 21
ATM SONET/SDH
ATM WLL
Bridge
Router
CPE2
LLC Ethernet PHY n x 64 k in/out E1 in/out
SLA
Figure 22
UTRAN
nxE1 ATM
GSM
ISDN
PSTN
RNC
RNS GPRS
Figure 23
UMTS/3G architecture
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ATM test ATM testing ATM installation ATM maintenance ATM pocket guide ATM reference ATM solutions 3G test, 3G testing, 3G installation, 3G maintenance, 3G commissioning, 3G Set up
Acronyms
1-CDV One point Cell Delay Variation PM 2-CDV Two point Cell Delay Variation PNNI ATM Adaption Layer, can be divided PTI AAL
into CS and SAR Performance Monitoring Private Network-Network Interface Payload Type Indicator - 0xx: user data, x0x: No congestion; x1x: Congestion; xx0: BOM, xx1:EOM Permanent Virtual Circuit Quality of Service Radio Network Controller Radio Network Subsystem Service Access Point Segmentation and Reassembly Sequence count. Service Data Unit Sequence Number Subnetwork Access Protocol Sequence Number Protection Service Specific CS Start Field Switched Virtual Connection Total Received Cell Count Time Stamp Total User Cell Number User-Network Interface Universal Mobile Telecommunications System User-to-User Indication Virtual Channel Connection Virtual Channel Identifier Virtual Path Connection Virtual Path Identifier Wireless Local Loop
ATM BIP BLER CID CLP CPCS CPI CPS CS CSI CTD E2E GFC GPRS HEC ILMI LI LLC MID MSCN NNI OAM
Asynchronous Transfer Mode Bit Interleaved Parity Block Error Result Channel Identifier Cell Loss Priority Common Part CS Common Part Indicator Common Part Sublayer Convergence Sublayer, can be divided into SSCS and CPCS Convergence Sublayer Indicator Cell Tansfer Delay End to End Generic Flow Control General Packet Radio Service Header Error Control Interim Local Management Interface Length Indicator Logical Link Control Message Identifier Monitoring Cell Sequence Number
PVC QoS RNC RNS SAP SAR SC SDU SN SNAP SNP SSCS SSU STF SVC TRC TST TUC UNI UTRAN UUI VCC VCI VPC VPI WLL
Network-to-Network Interface Operation, Administration, and Maintenance Operation System Function OSF Point to point P2P PAD or Padding PAD Padding used to cell align P
PCR PDU
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Americas: Deutschland: Espaa: France: India: UK: +1 256 461 0790 089 32 3009-0 93 300 33 13 01 69 35 54 70 22 8597 463/4 01628 524977
More information in: Installation and Maintenance of SDH/SONET, ATM, XDSL, and Synchronization Networks. 2003 (c) Artech House, ISBN:1580535259