FC Derm(SA) Part I

THE COLLEGES OF MEDICINE OF SOUTH AFRICA

Incorporated Association not for gain Reg No 1955/000003/08

Part I Examination for the Fellowship of the College of Dermatologists of South Africa 8 April 2013 Paper 1 (3 hours)
All questions to be answered. Each question to be answered in a separate book (or books if more than one is required for the one answer)

a) b)

Write notes on the Merkel Cells of the skin and their role in sensory perceptions. (10) Describe the structure and functions of desmosomes, enumerating the diseases caused by their abnormalities. (15) [25] Compare and contrast the structure of eccrine and apocrine sweat glands. Please also describe the ultrastructure and functions of these glands. (15) Describe the barrier functions of the skin describing the ultrastructure that sub serve these. (10) [25]

a) b)

Describe the following in detail a) The dermatomes of the face and scalp up to the level of the superior nuchal line in the occipital region. You may use a labelled drawing to illustrate your answer. Include in your answer the extracranial course of nerves involved as well. (12) b) The macroscopic anatomy of the scalp from the supra-orbital region to the level of the superior nuchal line in the occipital region. Venous drainage and innervation not asked. (5) c) The venous drainage of the region in (a). Include in your answer important emissary veins in this region. (8) [25] Write brief notes on a) The superficial venous drainage of the lower leg. (6) b) The embryological origin of lymphocyte stem cells, as well as the functions of the different T-lymphocytes. (7) c) Basic histological differences between neutrophils and eosinophils. (7) d) Micro-anatomy of the stratum / lamina lucidum of the skin. (5) [25]

FC Derm(SA) Part I

THE COLLEGES OF MEDICINE OF SOUTH AFRICA

Incorporated Association not for gain Reg No 1955/000003/08

Part I Examination for the Fellowship of the College of Dermatologists of South Africa 9 April 2013 Paper 2 (3 hours)
All questions to be answered. Each question to be answered in a separate book (or books if more than one is required for the one answer)

a) b)

Discuss the wavelengths of natural UV light and their effect on the skin. Discuss skin fibrosis including the influence of Transforming growth factor B.

(15) (10) [25]

Write short notes on a) What are porphyrins and which ones are associated with skin disease? b) The role of melanin in the skin. c) Steroid receptors.

(10) (10) (5) [25]

Write short notes on a) Thermoregulation and the role of the skin in this process. (12) b) Fluid homeostasis and the role of the skin in this process with specific reference to excessive sweating/perspiration. (8) c) The healing of deep wounds of the skin by briefly referring to the different phases.(5) [25] a) b) Create a table of the various receptors for touch in the skin and indicate (a) where they are located and (b) how they are stimulated. (10) Write short notes on the molecule, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-), with regards to its status as an important role-player in the bodys immunological and inflammatory responses. (5) Describe the physiology of 1,25-dihydroxy-cholecalciferol with particular emphasis on how this molecule serves as a link between the skin and plasma calcium concentrations. (10) [25]

c)

FC Derm(SA) Part I

THE COLLEGES OF MEDICINE OF SOUTH AFRICA

Incorporated Association not for gain Reg No 1955/000003/08

Part I Examination for the Fellowship of the College of Dermatologists of South Africa 10 April 2013 Paper 3 (3 hours)
All questions to be answered. Each question to be answered in a separate book (or books if more than one is required for the one answer)

a) b) c)

Antihistamines work for all forms of pruritus. Support or refute this statement using the pathogenesis of pruritus. (12) Briefly discuss special techniques that can be used to confirm the presence of Langerhans cells in dermatopathology specimens. (7) Write short notes on enzymatic fat necrosis. (6) [25] Discuss grading and staging of malignant neoplasms. Define apoptosis and how it differs from necrosis. Write short notes on systemic embolism. Briefly discuss immunologic tolerance and autoimmunity. Discuss the normal microanatomy and function of the glomus body. (5) (5) (5) (5) (5) [25]

a) b) c) d) e)

a) b) c)

Write notes on the mechanism of warfarin and heparin necrosis of the skin. (6) Write notes on the pathogenesis of idiosyncratic drug reactions i.e. reactions that are neither dose-related nor related to known pharmacology of the drug. (9) A patient presents with 3 dystrophic nails. Write notes on the possible mechanisms that can cause damage to the nails. (10) [25] A patient presents with blisters following a dermatome. You make a diagnosis of herpes zoster. Write notes on different methods you would use to confirm the diagnosis. (5) Write notes on the role of viruses in carcinogenesis with a focus on pathogenesis. (10) Write notes on the mechanisms involved in blistering of the skin and mucosae. Use examples to illustrate each mechanism. (10) [25]

a)

b) c)