ME315L FA2011 Lab Div.

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1.1 Your Name _________________________ Partner(s) _________________________ _________________________

ME315 Heat and Mass Transfer Summary Report

Experiment 1 Combined Radiation and Free Convection

Instructors Comments:

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ME 315 Laboratory Experiment 1 Combined Radiation and Free Convection

Reference: F.P. Incropera, D.P. DeWitt et. al., Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, Wiley, 6th Ed., 2006, Sections 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, and 1.3. Objectives: The purpose of this experiment is to study combined radiation and free convection heat transfer during heat-up of a horizontal flat plate which has its lower surface well insulated. Introduction: Two thin aluminum flat plates, each having dimensions 5.25 " ! 5.25" ! 0.125" thick (13.34 cm ! 13.34 cm ! 0.32 cm thick) and having a mass m of 152 g, will be placed horizontally on flat sections of foam insulation. The upper surface of one plate is painted black. This surface can be considered to be well approximated by the ideal blackbody, which is a perfect absorber (no reflection) and emits according to the Stefan Boltzmann law. The other plate is polished, yielding quite different radiant properties. Each plate will be at room temperature initially, but will be heated from above by a radiant lamp switched on at t = 0. If the lamp is left on long enough during heat-up, the plate will achieve steady state. A thermocouple embedded in each plate will be used to measure the plate's temperature. Under the conditions existing in this experiment, it is reasonable to assume the plate's temperature to be uniform. From these measurements, various aspects of radiation and free convection heat transfer will be determined. To do well in executing this experiment and the associated Summary Report, you must perform a correct energy balance for a suitably selected control volume. Preparation:* 1. Consider the black plate (" = # = 1). (a) Using symbols, write a general energy balance equation (unsteady state) for the plate. Express the radiation in terms of the emission E and the incident radiant flux G. (b) Consider the initial situation in which both the plate and the laboratory are at an ambient temperature of 27oC. Before the lamp is switched on, what is the value of (W) for the plate? Also, what are the corresponding values of q"conv, E, and G (W/m2)? (c) Consider a test in which the plate temperature is observed to rise at a rate of 0.8 K/s just after the lamp is switched on. Determine the values (and units) of , E, G, and q"conv just after the lamp is switched on (at t = 0+).
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Symbols used here are those used in the reference cited above

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(d) Consider the test described in part (c) when, at some time t, the plate temperature T is observed to be 57oC and dT/dt is observed to be 0.34 K/s. What are the values of E (W/m2) and qconv (W) at this instant? Assume that G remains constant once the lamp is switched on. 2. Consider the polished plate when subjected to the lamp's radiation in the same manner as described above. (a) Using symbols, write a general energy balance equation (unsteady state) for the plate. Express E in terms of " and express absorption in terms of #. (b) Estimate the value of " based on information in Table A.11 of the text. (c) Before the lamp is switched on, what are the values of Use the "-value from part (b) to calculate E. , q"conv, E, G, and #?

(d) Consider the value of G to be the same as in Part 1 when the lamp is switched on. If it is observed that dT/dt = 0.15 K/s just after the lamp is switched on (t = 0+), what is the value of #? Assume that the "-value from parts (b) and (c) still applies. Laboratory Procedure: Follow the procedure indicated in the Introduction. It is desirable to achieve steady state, but is not essential. The choice depends on whether sufficient time is available. DO NOT TOUCH THE HOUSING OF THE RADIANT LAMP SINCE IT WILL BECOME VERY HOT. ALSO, TO EXTEND THE LIFE OF THE RADIANT LAMP, DO NOT SWITCH IT ON AND OFF. INSTEAD, TURN THE POWERSTAT DIAL FROM ZERO UP TO A MAXIMUM OF 90 VOLTS TO TURN IT ON, AND TURN IT BACK DOWN TO ZERO AGAIN TO TURN IT OFF. Summary Report: For the Summary Report, use the measurements to assess various aspects addressed in the preparation work, and any other issues which you think are significant. The following should be included in your report: (1) Determine G and # for the polished plate from the measurements. (2) Plot temperature vs. time for both plates. (3) Plot each of the terms in the energy balance equation as a function of time for both plates. (4) Explain the physical significance of each of the plots and the individual terms in those plots. (5) Discuss sources of errors and how they affect your results.