Notes for Psychology-April 4th There can be varying reasons for motivation that prompts certain behavior.

Thus, a social psychologist will be inclined to determine the fundamental roots and motivation behind certain behavior. They search for that which energizes, directs, and sustains certain behavior. ven when drive and motivation may begin to wea!en, a psychologist will in"uire as to why. There are many different theories that address the nature of motivation. The volutionary Approach asserts that behavior is dictated by instinct, that humans possess an inborn pattern of behavior which are universally applicable. This theory fails to entertain the notion that some behaviors may be socially or culturally conditioned. #rive $eduction Theory This centers on the efforts to maintain an e"uilibrium within our psyche. This perpetual strive for homeostasis is vital throughout one%s life. The processes which fuel this effort are both physiological needs. That is to say, a physiological deprivation which first ignites a drive. Then there is the psychological state of arousal which is born out of the need. This theory could be seen, then, as a means of regulating primal drives. &onse"uently, this has been criticized as being a gross oversimplification of motivation. This could be abbreviated as' (mbalance-Need-#rive-)ehavior *ptimum Arousal Theory +er!es-#odson ,aw' -.ust right- level of arousal /thin! 0oldiloc!s1. This theory is based on the conviction that the state of one%s arousal determines one%s functioning. That is to say, motivation must be moderated. 2ources of 3otivation' )iological&ognitive-There may be conscious decisions that determine which behavior might be most suitable. motional-This may be solely determined by one%s personal relationships with others. 2ocial All of these categories are hardly mutually e4clusive. They all overlap with one another in the genesis of a different behavior. 4ample' 5unger This is a drive which is layered rather deeply with other drives. #isordered ating' )ulimia This disorder is built upon the -binge-and-purge- method. This purge can be vomiting or other compensatory methods. This can manifest itself either in direct vomiting or completely different techni"ues, such as e4cessive e4ercise or the e4cessive consumption of la4atives.

This is additionally more prominent in females. (t may be difficult to detect, given the fact that those who are suffering from this disorder are typically of a normal weight. Their abnormal cognitions, additionally, may be preoccupied with food. They finally may feel a sense of fear, depression, an4iety, or shame. The individual feels a loss of control, as they feel completely at the will of their -disease.This disease in commonly associated with anore4ia, an4iety, and depression. The individual may even shift between e4hibiting symptoms of anore4ia and bulimia, or may e4ert symptoms of both simultaneously. The causes of these disorders may have shared causes of anore4ia and bulimia. There may also be sociocultural factors. The social pressures of idealized body images as well as media images may be perpetuated by -pro-amia- and -pro-buli- websites. )eyond 5unger' Additional Approaches 3aslow outlined a hierarchy of needs characteristic of each individual, and asserted that humanity strove for self-actualization. The most rudimentary of these needs are physiological, such as the fulfillment of hunger, se4uality, thirst, etc. +et, the ne4t tier comprised of psychological needs, such as safety, love and a sense of belonging, etc. 2elf-#etermination Theory asserts Three )asic *rganismic Needs' 6. &ompetence-The ability to bring about desired outcomes. 7. $elatedness-8arm relations with others and a need to belong. 9. Autonomy-(ndependence and self-reliance. :ree choice in behavior is !ey. There is a pervading discourse on the dichotomy of intrinsic and e4trinsic motivation. (ntrinsic 3otivation asserts that there are organismic needs which, when met, produce a feeling of en.oyability. 4trinsic 3otivation, however, asserts that behavior may be fueled through a motivation to achieve something through the persuasion of incentives. 2ome frame motivation as &**, thoughts vs. 5*T thoughts. -5ot- thoughts can be categorized as those which are centered on the marshmallow, whereas &**, thoughts are the complete reverse. 8hen contemplating the nature of such cognitions, People are often motivated by their desire to be happier. The obstacle in the attainment of satisfaction, then, is something !nown as the hedonic treadmill. which states that something that only ma!es us happy for a short time because individuals rapidly adapt.

*ther obstacles say that direct pursuits of happiness can bac!fire completely. (nstead, others assert that there should be an entirely different, indirect route to achieve it. *ther scholars have suggested that this piece of research is inconse"uential, given the American propensity to achieve and sustain lasting happiness. 0oal 2triving and 5appiness Activities' Personally meaningful goal investment, or intentional activities, such as the dwelling on intentional activities, nature, or one%s own altruism.