NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE

SEMESTER 2, 2013/2014

MA1521 Calculus for Computing

Tutorial Solution 7
x1
:
4
n1

X
x1
1
.
=
6(x 1)2 n=1
4

1. (a) This is a geometric series with common ratio

X
(x 1)n3 + (x 1)n1

4n + 22n1


x 1
 < 1; that is, |x 1| < 4.
It converges if and only if 
4 
So its radius of convergence is R = 4.
n=1

n2n (2)n
. Then
4n (2n + 1)!




 cn+1 
(n + 1)2n+2 2n+1 4n (2n + 1)!


lim
= lim

n  cn 
n
4n+1 (2n + 3)!
n2n 2n

2n
(n + 1)2
1
= lim
1+
n 2(2n + 2)(2n + 3)
n
n 2


(1 + n1 )2
e2
1
= lim
=
.
lim
1
+
n 2(2 + 2 )(2 + 3 )
n
n
8
n
n
 2 1
e
8
Then the radius of convergence is R =
= 2.
8
e

(b) Let cn =

n

(x 1)2
(x 1)2
(x 1)2
1
(x 1)2 X x 1
2. (a) f (x) =
=
=

x+1
2 + (x 1)
2
2
2
1 + x1
2
n=0
=

X
(1)n (x 1)n2
n=0

2n+1

X
(1)n
n=2

2n1

(x 1)n .

X
1
1
(b) f (x) = 2
=
=
(1)n (x 2)2n .
x 4x + 5
1 + (x 2)2
n=0


z
z
z 
z 
2
2
3. (a)
= 3x and
= 3y . Then
= 27 and
= 12.
x
y
x (3,2)
y (3,2)
The equation of the tangent plane is given by
z = 19 + 27(x 3) 12(y 2) = 27x 12y 38.
1

MA1521 CALCULUS FOR COMPUTING TUTORIAL SOLUTION 7



z
z 
z
z 
= y and
= x. Then
(b)
= 1 and
= 1.
x
y
x (1,1)
y (1,1)
The equation of the tangent plane is given by
z = 1 1(x 1) + 1(y + 1) = x + y + 1.
(c) Let f (x, y, z) = x2 + 4y 2 z 2 . Then
f (x, y, z) = 2xi + 8yj 2zk and f (3, 2, 5) = 6i + 16j 10k.
It follows that the tangent plane is given by
6(x 3) + 16(y 2) 10(z 5) = 0.
That is, 6x + 16y 10z = 0; or equivalently 3x + 8y 5z = 0.
4. (a) Let f (x, y) = ex y 2 + x sin(xy). Then
f
x
f
y
2
f
f
=
2
x
x x
2
f
f
=
2
y
y y
2
f
f
=
x y
x y
(b) Let f (x, y) =

= ex y 2 + sin xy + xy cos xy,

= 2yex + x2 cos xy,
= ex y 2 + 2y cos xy xy 2 sin xy,
= 2ex x3 sin xy
= 2yex + 2x cos xy x2 y sin xy.

x+y
. Then
x2 + y

f
(x2 + y) (x + y)2x
x2 2xy + y
=
=
,
x
(x2 + y)2
(x2 + y)2
f
(x2 + y) (x + y)
x2 x
=
=
,
y
(x2 + y)2
(x2 + y)2
2f
(2x 2y)(x2 + y)2 (x2 2xy + y) 4x(x2 + y)
2x3 2y 2 + 6xy(1 x)
=
=
x2
(x2 + y)4
(x2 + y)3
2f
(x2 x) 2(x2 + y)
2(x x2 )
=
=
y 2
(x2 + y)4
(x2 + y)3
2f
(2x 1)(x2 + y)2 (x2 x) 4x(x2 + y)
2x3 + 3x2 + (2x 1)y
=
=
.
x y
(x2 + y)4
(x2 + y)3

MA1521 CALCULUS FOR COMPUTING TUTORIAL SOLUTION 7

5.

dy
u
u
dx
= 2t,
= 6 cos 2t,
= 2x and
= 2y. Then
dt
dt
x
y
du
u dx u dy
=
+
= 2x 2t + (2y) 6 cos 2t
dt
x dt
y dt
= 4t3 4t 36 sin 2t cos 2t = 4t(t2 1) 18 sin 4t.
u
1
= (2i 3j). Then
|u|
13
1
8
Dv f (1, 2) = f (2, 4) v = (2i + 4j) (2i 3j) = .
13
13

6. (a) f (x, y) = 2xi + 2yj. Let v =

(b) f (x, y, z) = tan1 (y + z)i +

x
x
j+
k.
2
1 + (y + z)
1 + (y + z)2

u
1
= (i + j k). Then
|u|
3


1
1
1

i + j + k (i + j k) = .
Dv f (1, 0, 1) = f (1, 0, 1) v =
4
2
2
3
4 3
Let v =

7. (a) Let c2n =

42n
. Then
9n n5/4

c2n+2
42
lim
= lim
n c2n
n 9

n
n+1

5/4

16
1
16
= .
1
5/4
n 9 (1 + )
9
n
r
9
3
Therefore, the radius of convergence is R =
= .
16
4
1
(b) Let c2n1 = 2n1 n 2 . Then
3
4 n
c2n+1
32n1 4n n2
1
1
lim
= lim 2n+1 n+1
=
lim
=
.
1
n c2n1
n 3
4 (n + 1)2 n 36(1 + n )2
36

Then the radius of convergence is R = 36 = 6.

= lim