February 14, 2001

AISC Advisory

Changes to T, k and k1
Dimensions for W-Shapes

he maximum dimension of
the radius between the web
and flange of some W-shapes
has increased. These changes are
generally conservative for steel
design. However, for steel detailing, these changes may affect the
fit-up of some parts, such as web
doubler plates, transverse stiffeners
and other fittings that are located
near the fillet radius.
Steel producers determine the
size of the fillet radius used
between the web and flange of Wshapes based upon individual mill
rolling and straightening practices.
These practices and the fillet radii
chosen depend upon the equipment used in the various mills,
among other parameters. Since
equipment and practices vary
between mills, the radii also vary
as recognized in ASTM A6/A6M
paragraph 13.3.1, which states that
radii of fillets and toes of shape
profiles vary with individual manufacturers and therefore are not
specified.
In the continuing process of
improving rolling practices, some
producers have increased the
radius they use on some sections.
As a result, the T-distance for some
wide-flange shapes is smaller than
that listed in the AISC Manual of
Steel Construction. Additionally, the
current k and k1 dimensions for
those same wide-flange shapes are
larger than those listed in the AISC
Manual of Steel Construction.
For steel detailing, revised values of T, k and k1 (see Figure 1) are
shown in the tables on the following pages. In the most notable

change, the maximum fillet radius

for 14-inch column shapes 90
lbs/ft. and heavier has increased
by 5/8. This increases the corresponding values for k and k1 by
5
/8, and decreases the corresponding value of T by 11/4.
The k dimension is also used in
the calculation of the strength for
the limit-state of local web yielding
in Chapter K of the AISC
Specification for Structural Steel

Figure 1

Buildings. Additionally, the clear

web depth is used in Section B.5
and Appendix G of the AISC
Specification. For these design purposes, it is the minimum fillet
radius that is of interest, not the
maximum fillet radius upon which
the k dimension is based. Although

the minimum radius has not

changed appreciably, the range of
radii used on W-shapes now being
supplied is too large to continue
the use of the detailing values of k
in strength calculations.
Accordingly, two values are
given for k in Table 1: a value in
decimal form for steel design and a
value in fractional form for steel
detailing. Since these values are
determined based upon the minimum and maximum fillet radii,
respectively, the decimal and fraction values for k will often differ.
The tabulated values are valid for
use with W-shapes produced by
any mill that participates in the
AISC survey of shape dimensions
as listed below:
Ameristeel;
Bayou Steel Corporation;
Corus (formerly known as
British Steel);
J&L Structural Inc.;
North Star Steel;
Northwestern Steel and Wire
Inc.;
Nucor Steel, Nucor-Yamato
Steel Company;
Roanoke Electric Steel
Company;
SMI Steel Inc.;
TradeARBED; and
TXI Chaparral Steel
Company.
The revised values of T, k and k1,
given in this advisory should be
used immediately and supercede
the values given in the 1994 AISC
LRFD Manual of Steel Construction,
the 1989 AISC ASD Manual of Steel
Construction and all previous versions.

Making Structural Steel the Material of Choice

AISC Advisory
k
Shape

k1
in.
5/16
1/4
3/16
3/16

T
in.
38 3/4
38 3/4
38 3/4
38 3/4

W44x335
W44x290
W44x262
W44x230

Design
in.
2.56
2.37
2.21
2.01

Detailing
in.
2 5/8
2 7/16
2 1/4
2 1/16

W40x593
W40x503
W40x431
W40x397
W40x372
W40x362
W40x324
W40x297
W40x277
W40x249
W40x215
W40x199

4.41
3.94
3.54
3.38
3.23
3.19
2.99
2.83
2.76
2.60
2.40
2.25

4 1/2
4
3 5/8
3 1/2
3 5/16
3 1/4
3 1/16
2 15/16
2 7/8
2 11/16
2 1/2
2 5/16

2 1/8
2
1 7/8
1 13/16
1 13/16
1 3/4
1 11/16
1 11/16
1 5/8
1 9/16
1 9/16
1 9/16

34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34

W40x392
W40x331
W40x327
W40x278
W40x264
W40x235
W40x211
W40x183
W40x167
W40x149

3.70
3.31
3.31
2.99
2.91
2.76
2.60
2.40
2.21
2.01

3 13/16
3 3/8
3 3/8
3 1/16
3
2 7/8
2 11/16
2 1/2
2 5/16
2 1/8

1 15/16
1 13/16
1 13/16
1 3/4
1 11/16
1 5/8
1 9/16
1 9/16
1 9/16
1 1/2

34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34

W36x798
W36x650
W36x527
W36x439
W36x393
W36x359
W36x328
W36x300
W36x280
W36x260
W36x245
W36x230

5.24
4.49
3.86
3.39
3.15
2.96
2.80
2.63
2.52
2.39
2.30
2.21

5 9/16
4 13/16
4 3/16
3 11/16
3 7/16
3 1/4
3 1/8
2 15/16
2 13/16
2 11/16
2 5/8
2 1/2

2 3/8
2 3/16
2
1 7/8
1 13/16
1 3/4
1 3/4
1 11/16
1 5/8
1 5/8
1 5/8
1 9/16

30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30

7/8
7/8
7/8
7/8
7/8
7/8
7/8
7/8
7/8
7/8
7/8
7/8

W36x256
W36x232
W36x210
W36x194
W36x182
W36x170
W36x160
W36x150
W36x135

2.48
2.32
2.11
2.01
1.93
1.85
1.77
1.69
1.54

2 5/8
2 1/2
2 5/16
2 3/16
2 1/8
2
1 15/16
1 7/8
1 11/16

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32

1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8

1
1
1
1

5/16
1/4
1/4
3/16
3/16
3/16
1/8
1/8
1/8

Shape
W33x354
W33x318
W33x291
W33x263
W33x241
W33x221
W33x201

Design
in.
2.88
2.68
2.52
2.36
2.19
2.06
1.94

Detailing
in.
2 15/16
2 3/4
2 5/8
2 7/16
2 1/4
2 1/8
2

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

k1
in.
3/8
5/16
5/16
1/4
1/4
3/16
3/16

T
in.
29 5/8
29 5/8
29 5/8
29 5/8
29 5/8
29 5/8
29 5/8

W33x169
W33x152
W33x141
W33x130
W33x118

1.92
1.76
1.66
1.56
1.44

2 1/8
1 15/16
1 13/16
1 3/4
1 5/8

1
1
1
1
1

3/16
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8

29
29
29
29
29

5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8

W30x391
W30x326
W30x292
W30x261
W30x235
W30x211
W30x191
W30x173

3.23
2.84
2.64
2.44
2.29
2.10
1.97
1.85

3 3/8
2 15/16
2 3/4
2 9/16
2 3/8
2 1/4
2 1/16
2

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1/2
3/8
5/16
5/16
1/4
3/16
3/16
1/8

26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26

1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2

W30x148
W30x132
W30x124
W30x116
W30x108
W30x99
W30x90

1.83
1.65
1.58
1.50
1.41
1.32
1.26

2 1/16
1 7/8
1 13/16
1 3/4
1 11/16
1 9/16
1 1/2

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/16
1/16

26
26
26
26
26
26
26

1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2

W27x539
W27x368
W27x336
W27x307
W27x281
W27x258
W27x235
W27x217
W27x194
W27x178
W27x161
W27x146

4.33
3.27
3.07
2.88
2.72
2.56
2.40
2.29
2.13
1.98
1.87
1.76

4 7/16
3 3/8
3 3/16
3
2 13/16
2 11/16
2 1/2
2 3/8
2 1/4
2 1/16
2
1 7/8

1 13/16
1 1/2
1 7/16
1 7/16
1 3/8
1 5/16
1 5/16
1 1/4
1 3/16
1 3/16
1 3/16
1 1/8

23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23

5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8

W27x129
W27x114
W27x102
W27x94
W27x84

1.70
1.53
1.43
1.34
1.24

2
1 13/16
1 3/4
1 5/8
1 9/16

1
1
1
1
1

23
23
23
23
23

5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8

1/8
1/8
1/16
1/16
1/16

AISC Advisory
k

W18x71
W18x65
W18x60
W18x55
W18x50

Design
in.
1.21
1.15
1.10
1.03
0.972

Detailing
in.
1 1/2
1 7/16
1 3/8
1 5/16
1 1/4

k1
in.
7/8
7/8
13/16
13/16
13/16

T
in.
15 1/2
15 1/2
15 1/2
15 1/2
15 1/2

W18x46
W18x40
W18x35

1.01
0.927
0.827

1 1/4
1 3/16
1 1/8

13/16
13/16
3/4

15 1/2
15 1/2
15 1/2

W16x100
W16x89
W16x77
W16x67

1.69
1.58
1.47
1.37

1
1
1
1

7/8
3/4
5/8
9/16

1 1/8
1 1/16
1 1/16
1

13
13
13
13

1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4

3/4
3/4
3/4
3/4
3/4

W16x57
W16x50
W16x45
W16x40
W16x36

1.12
1.03
0.967
0.907
0.832

1
1
1
1
1

3/8
5/16
1/4
3/16
1/8

7/8
13/16
13/16
13/16
3/4

13
13
13
13
13

5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8

1 1/16
1

20 3/4
20 3/4

W16x31
W16x26

0.842
0.747

1 1/8
1 1/16

3/4
3/4

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

5/16
1/4
3/16
3/16
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/16

18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18

5/8
1/2
7/16
3/8
5/16
3/16
1/8

15/16
7/8
7/8
7/8
13/16
13/16
13/16

18
18
18
18
18
18
18

1.15
1.04
0.950

1 5/16
1 1/4
1 1/8

13/16
13/16
13/16

18 3/8
18 3/8
18 3/8

W14x808
W14x730
W14x665
W14x605
W14x550
W14x500
W14x455
W14x426
W14x398
W14x370
W14x342
W14x311
W14x283
W14x257
W14x233
W14x211
W14x193
W14x176
W14x159
W14x145

5.72
5.51
5.12
4.76
4.42
4.10
3.81
3.63
3.44
3.26
3.07
2.86
2.67
2.49
2.32
2.16
2.04
1.91
1.79
1.69

6 7/16
6 3/16
5 13/16
5 7/16
5 1/8
4 13/16
4 1/2
4 5/16
4 1/8
3 15/16
3 3/4
3 9/16
3 3/8
3 3/16
3
2 7/8
2 3/4
2 5/8
2 1/2
2 3/8

3 1/16
2 3/4
2 5/8
2 1/2
2 3/8
2 5/16
2 1/4
2 1/8
2 1/8
2 1/16
2
1 15/16
1 7/8
1 13/16
1 3/4
1 11/16
1 11/16
1 5/8
1 9/16
1 9/16

10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10

1.99
1.84
1.72
1.60
1.46
1.34
1.27
1.17
1.08

2 7/16
2 5/16
2 3/16
2 1/16
1 15/16
1 13/16
1 3/4
1 5/8
1 9/16

W14x132
W14x120
W14x109
W14x99
W14x90

1.63
1.54
1.46
1.38
1.31

2
2
2
2
2

1
1
1
1
1

9/16
1/2
1/2
7/16
7/16

10
10
10
10
10

W14x82
W14x74
W14x68
W14x61

1.45
1.38
1.31
1.24

1 11/16
1 5/8
1 9/16
1 1/2

1 1/16
1 1/16
1 1/16
1

10
10
10
10

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

k1
in.
9/16
1/2
7/16
7/16
3/8
5/16
1/4
1/4
3/16
3/16
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/16

T
in.
20 3/4
20 3/4
20 3/4
20 3/4
20 3/4
20 3/4
20 3/4
20 3/4
20 3/4
20 3/4
20 3/4
20 3/4
20 3/4
20 3/4

1 7/8
1 3/4
1 11/16
1 9/16
1 1/2

1
1
1
1
1

1/8
1/16
1/16
1/16
1/16

20
20
20
20
20

1.19
1.11

1 1/2
1 7/16

W21x201
W21x182
W21x166
W21x147
W21x132
W21x122
W21x111
W21x101

2.13
1.98
1.86
1.65
1.54
1.46
1.38
1.30

2 1/2
2 3/8
2 1/4
2
1 15/16
1 13/16
1 3/4
1 11/16

W21x93
W21x83
W21x73
W21x68
W21x62
W21x55
W21x48

1.43
1.34
1.24
1.19
1.12
1.02
0.930

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

W21x57
W21x50
W21x44
W18x175
W18x158
W18x143
W18x130
W18x119
W18x106
W18x97
W18x86
W18x76

Shape
W24x370
W24x335
W24x306
W24x279
W24x250
W24x229
W24x207
W24x192
W24x176
W24x162
W24x146
W24x131
W24x117
W24x104

Design
in.
3.22
2.98
2.78
2.59
2.39
2.23
2.07
1.96
1.84
1.72
1.59
1.46
1.35
1.25

Detailing
in.
3 5/8
3 3/8
3 3/16
3
2 13/16
2 5/8
2 1/2
2 3/8
2 1/4
2 1/8
2
1 7/8
1 3/4
1 5/8

W24x103
W24x94
W24x84
W24x76
W24x68

1.48
1.38
1.27
1.18
1.09

W24x62
W24x55

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1/4
1/4
3/16
3/16
3/16
1/8
1/8
1/16
1/16

15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15

3/8
3/8
3/8
3/8
3/8
3/8
3/8

1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8

Shape

5/16
1/4
3/16
1/16

13 5/8
13 5/8

7/8
7/8
7/8
7/8

AISC Advisory
k

k
T
in.
10 7/8
10 7/8
10 7/8

13/16
3/4
3/4

1 1/8
1 1/16

3/4
3/4

3.55
3.30
3.07
2.85
2.67
2.50
2.33
2.16
2.00
1.85
1.70
1.59
1.50
1.41
1.33
1.27
1.20

3 7/8
3 5/8
3 3/8
3 1/8
2 15/16
2 13/16
2 5/8
2 7/16
2 5/16
2 1/8
2
1 7/8
1 13/16
1 11/16
1 5/8
1 9/16
1 1/2

1 11/16
1 5/8
1 5/8
1 1/2
1 1/2
1 7/16
1 3/8
1 5/16
1 1/4
1 1/4
1 3/16
1 1/8
1 1/8
1 1/16
1 1/16
1 1/16
1

W12x58
W12x53

1.24
1.17

1 1/2
1 3/8

15/16
15/16

9 1/4
9 1/4

W12x50
W12x45
W12x40

1.14
1.08
1.02

1 1/2
1 3/8
1 3/8

15/16
15/16
7/8

9 1/4
9 1/4
9 1/4

W12x35
W12x30
W12x26

0.820
0.740
0.680

1 3/16
1 1/8
1 1/16

3/4
3/4
3/4

10 1/8
10 1/8
10 1/8

W12x22
W12x19
W12x16
W12x14

0.725
0.650
0.565
0.525

15/16
7/8
13/16
3/4

5/8
9/16
9/16
9/16

10
10
10
10

3/8
3/8
3/8
3/8

W10x112
W10x100
W10x88
W10x77
W10x68
W10x60
W10x54
W10x49

1.75
1.62
1.49
1.37
1.27
1.18
1.12
1.06

1 15/16
1 13/16
1 11/16
1 9/16
1 7/16
1 3/8
1 5/16
1 1/4

15/16
7/8
7/8
13/16
13/16
13/16

7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7

1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2

Shape
W14x53
W14x48
W14x43

Design
in.
1.25
1.19
1.12

Detailing
in.
1 1/2
1 7/16
1 3/8

W14x38
W14x34
W14x30

0.915
0.855
0.785

1 1/4
1 3/16
1 1/8

W14x26
W14x22

0.820
0.735

W12x336
W12x305
W12x279
W12x252
W12x230
W12x210
W12x190
W12x170
W12x152
W12x136
W12x120
W12x106
W12x96
W12x87
W12x79
W12x72
W12x65

k1
in.
1
1
1

1
1

W10x45
W10x39
W10x33

Design
in.
1.12
1.03
0.935

Detailing
in.
1 5/16
1 3/16
1 1/8

k1
in.
13/16
13/16
3/4

T
in.
7 1/2
7 1/2
7 1/2

11 5/8
11 5/8
11 5/8

W10x30
W10x26
W10x22

0.810
0.740
0.660

1 1/8
1 1/16
15/16

11/16
11/16
5/8

8 1/4
8 1/4
8 1/4

11 5/8
11 5/8

W10x19
W10x17
W10x15
W10x12

0.695
0.630
0.570
0.510

15/16
7/8
13/16
3/4

5/8
9/16
9/16
9/16

8
8
8
8

3/8
3/8
3/8
3/8

W8x67
W8x58
W8x48
W8x40
W8x35
W8x31

1.33
1.20
1.08
0.954
0.889
0.829

5/8
1/2
3/8
1/4
3/16
1/8

15/16
7/8
13/16
13/16
13/16
3/4

5
5
5
5
5
5

3/4
3/4
3/4
3/4
3/4
3/4

W8x28
W8x24

0.859
0.794

15/16
7/8

5/8
9/16

6 1/8
6 1/8

W8x21
W8x18

0.700
0.630

7/8
13/16

9/16
9/16

6 1/2
6 1/2

W8x15
W8x13
W8x10

0.615
0.555
0.505

13/16
3/4
11/16

9/16
9/16
1/2

6 1/2
6 1/2
6 1/2

W6x25
W6x20
W6x15

0.754
0.664
0.559

15/16
7/8
3/4

9/16
9/16
9/16

4 1/2
4 1/2
4 1/2

W6x16
W6x12
W6x9
W6x8.5

0.655
0.530
0.465
0.444

7/8
3/4
11/16
11/16

9/16
9/16
1/2
1/2

4
4
4
4

W5x19
W5x16

0.730
0.660

13/16
3/4

7/16
7/16

3 1/2
3 1/2

W4x13

0.595

3/4

1/2

2 5/8

9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9

1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/8

Shape

1
1
1
1
1
1

1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2