2,4-D amine 625

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2,4-D amine 625 Also see Comparative Data for Various Forms of 2,4-D for a comparison between the amine, LV ester and HV ester formulations.
1 Trade name 4FARMERS 2,4-D AMINE 625 HERBICIDE 4FARMERS 2,4-D AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE AC JOKER 625 HERBICIDE AGCARE BIOTECH 2,4-D AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE AGNETICS AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE AGRISMART AMINE 625 HERBICIDE ALLIANCE HERBICIDE 2,4-D 625SL Manufacturer 4 FARMERS PTY LTD 4 FARMERS PTY LTD AXICHEM PTY LTD AGCARE BIOTECH PTY LTD AGNETICS PTY LTD GOOBANG PTY LTD AGRO-ALLIANCE (AUSTRALIA) PTY LTD Form AC SL AC AC AC AC SL AC AC AC AC SL AC AC AC AC SL AC AC AC AC AC

AMINOZ 625 SELECTIVE WEEDKILLER SANONDA (AUSTRALIA) PTY LTD BY SANONDA APPARENT 2,4-D 625 AMINE HERBICIDE AW ANGUISH 625 HERBICIDE BIOTIS AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE APPARENT PTY. LTD. AGRI WEST PTY LIMITED BIOTIS LIFE SCIENCE PTY LTD

CHEMAG SMASH 625 LOW SELECTIVE IMTRADE AUSTRALIA PTY LTD HERBICIDE CHEMFARM 2,4-D AMINE 625 HERBICIDE CHEMFORCE 2,4-D AMINE 625 HERBICIDE CHOICE LOW ODOUR AMINE 625 HERBICIDE CONQUEST AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE COUNTRY AMINE 625 DUAL SALT SELECTIVE HERBICIDE COUNTRY AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE CROP CARE AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE IMTRADE AUSTRALIA PTY LTD CHEMFORCE 2010 PTY LTD GROW CHOICE PTY LIMITED CONQUEST CROP PROTECTION PTY LTD ACCENSI PTY LTD ACCENSI PTY LTD CROP CARE AUSTRALASIA PTY LTD

DOW AGROSCIENCES 2,4-D AMINE 625 DOW AGROSCIENCES AUSTRALIA HERBICIDE LIMITED DOW AGROSCIENCES AMINE 625 HERBICIDE FARMALINX 2,4-D 625 HERBICIDE DOW AGROSCIENCES AUSTRALIA LIMITED FARMALINX PTY LTD

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FARMOZ 2,4-D AMINE 625 SELECTIVE FARMOZ PTY LIMITED HERBICIDE GENEREX 2,4-D AMINE 625 HERBICIDE MACSPRED PTY. LTD. GENFARM 2,4-D AMINE 625 HERBICIDE HORIZON 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE IMTRADE SMASH 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE INCA 625 HERBICIDE KENDON 2,4-D AMINE 625 KENSO AGCARE KEN-AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE NUFARM AMICIDE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE NUFARM AMICIDE 625-LOW SELECTIVE HERBICIDE OSPRAY 2,4-D AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE PACIFIC 2,4-D AMINE 625 HERBICIDE PUTRA-AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE LANDMARK OPERATIONS LIMITED

AC AC AC AC AC SL AC EC

GENFARM GEN-AMINE 625 HERBICIDE LANDMARK OPERATIONS LIMITED OSPRAY PTY LTD IMTRADE AUSTRALIA PTY LTD PROTERRA PTY LTD KENDON CHEMICALS & MNFG CO PTY LTD

KENSO CORPORATION (M) SDN. BHD. AC NUFARM AUSTRALIA LIMITED NUFARM AUSTRALIA LIMITED OSPRAY PTY LTD PACIFIC AGRISCIENCE PTY LTD HEXTAR CHEMICALS PTY LTD AC AC SL AC AC AC AC AC

RAINBOW 2,4-D AMINE 625 HERBICIDE SHANDONG RAINBOW INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD. RC AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE RURALCHEM PTY LTD RYGEL AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE SIPCAM AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE SMART 2,4-D AMINE 625 HERBICIDE SMART 2,4-D AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE SMASH 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE RYGEL AUSTRALIA PTY. LTD.

SIPCAM PACIFIC AUSTRALIA PTY LTD AC CROP SMART PTY LTD AGCARE BIOTECH PTY LTD IMTRADE AUSTRALIA PTY LTD AC AC AC AC AC AC AC AC

SPECTRA 2,4-D AMINE 625 HERBICIDE SPECTRA PACIFIC (AUSTRALIA) PTY LTD SUPERWAY 2,4-D AMINE 625 HERBICIDE TITAN AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE TRAPPER HERBICIDE UNITED FARMERS 2,4-D AMINE 625 SELECTIVE WEEDKILLER SUPERWAY GARDEN AG & PEST PRODUCTS PTY LTD TITAN AG PTY LTD GLENCORE LAND (AUSTRALIA) P/L T/A CORPORATE CROPPING RAVENSDOWN FERTILISER CO-OPERATIVE LIMITED

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ZEPHYR 625 2,4-D LOW ODOUR HERBICIDE

CROP CARE AUSTRALASIA PTY LTD

AC

Previously sold as Amicide, Amoxone and Shirweed. 2 PRICE:

$5.05 /L

3 ACTIVE INGREDIENTS:2,4-D Amine 625g/L Many products are mixtures of various amine salts of 2,4-D and may vary in concentration. 2,4-D dimethylamine salt (DMA) Empirical Formula: C10H13Cl2NO3 Molecular Weight: 266.13 CAS Registry No.: 2008-39-1 PC Code: 030019

FARMOZ 2,4-D AMINE 500 SELECTIVE WEEDKILLER NUFARM 2,4-D 720 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE CONQUEST AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE CROP CARE AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE (Mix of DMA and DEA) FARMOZ 2,4-D AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE (Mix of DMA and DEA) NUFARM AMICIDE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE (Mix of DMA and DEA) UNITED FARMERS 2,4-D AMINE 625 SELECTIVE WEEDKILLER (Mix of DMA and DEA) 2,4-D diethanolamine salt (DEA) Empirical Formula: C12H17Cl2NO5 Molecular Weight: 326.18 CAS Registry No.: 5742-19-8 PC Code: 030016

COUNTRY 2,4-D LOW ODOUR 500 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE NUFARM AMICIDE 625-LOW SELECTIVE HERBICIDE (mix of DEA and 2,4-D triethanolamine salt) ZEPHYR 625 2,4-D LOW ODOUR HERBICIDE (mix of DEA and 2,4-D triethanolamine
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salt) CROP CARE AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE (Mix of DMA and DEA) FARMOZ 2,4-D AMINE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE (Mix of DMA and DEA) NUFARM AMICIDE 625 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE (Mix of DMA and DEA) UNITED FARMERS 2,4-D AMINE 625 SELECTIVE WEEDKILLER (Mix of DMA and DEA) 4 CHEMICAL GROUP: I. 5 RELATED HERBICIDES:
2,4-D amine 500 2,4-D amine 625 2,4-D amine plus Dicamba 2,4-D ester 800 2,4-D ester plus Garlon 2,4-D LV ester 600 2,4-DB 400 2,4-DB plus MCPA Access Dicamba 200 Dicamba 25 plus MCPA 150 Dicamba 500 Dicamba 700 Dicamba plus MCPA Garlon 600 Grazon Extra Hotshot Lontrel Lontrel 750 MCPA amine MCPA LVE MCPB 400 Picloram plus Triclopyr Starane 200 Tordon 242 Tordon 75-D Tordon DS Tri-kombi 2,4-D Amine 500g/L 2,4-D Amine 625g/L 2,4-D 250gL + dicamba 100g/L 2,4-D Ester 800g/L 2,4-D ester 530g/L + triclopyr 200g/L 2,4-D LV ester 600-680g/L 2,4-DB 400g/L 2,4-DB 200g/L + MCPA 250g/L Picloram 120g/L + triclopyr 240g/L Dicamba 200 Dicamba 25g/L + MCPA 150g/L Dicamba 500g/L Dicamba 700g/kg Dicamba 80g/L + MCPA 340g/L Triclopyr 600g/L Aminopyralid 8g/L+picloram 100g/L+tricolpyr 300g/L Aminopyralid salt 10g/L + fluroxypyr-meptyl 140g/L Clopyralid 300g/L Clopyralid 750g/kg MCPA 500-750g/L MCPA LV ester 500g/L MCPB 400g/L Picloram 100g/L + triclopyr 300g/L Fluroxypyr 200-400g/L MCPA 420g/L + picloram 26g/L 2,4-D 300g/L + picloram 75g/L Picloram amine 100g/L + triclopyr amine 200g/L 24D Ester 800g/L + Dicmaba 40g/L + Mecoprop 336g/L

6 GENERAL DESCRIPTION: 2,4-D amine is a post emergent, translocated herbicide for the control of broad leaved weeds. It is mainly absorbed through the foliage with some root uptake. Its low level of volatility
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makes it safer to use than the ester formulations close to sensitive crops. Low levels of drift can cause high levels of symptoms on sensitive species. 7 APPLICATION METHODS AND TIPS: Best results when applied in fine weather to actively growing plants. 8 WEATHER: Rainfast in 6 hours. Frost effects: Frost before application may retard weed growth thus reducing translocation. For best results, 2-3 frost free days required after application. Wind: Regulations require application when wind speeds are between 3 and 15 km/hour to reduce the risk of damage caused by drift. Avoid spraying when wind is blowing towards sensitive crops. Inversions: Don't apply during inversion conditions as damaging levels of herbicide drift may move a kilometre or more. Temperature: Delta T and Relative Humidity: Avoid application when Delta T is greater than 9 ADJUVANTS: Generally none are required. Wetting agents may be useful for hard to wet plants and in non selective situations to improve droplet retention. Wetting agents and spray oils may increase the risk of crop damage. 10 WATER QUALITY: Hard water: There may be a slight loss of activity due to ionic bonding in very hard water. Salty water: Relatively tolerant of salty water. Colloids: Some loss of activity as the amount of clay in the water increases. If it is difficult to see a coin on the bottom of a 10 litre bucket full of water then the water should be cleared or an alternate source found. pH: Acidic water is usually OK. Highly alkaline water may cause loss of efficacy. 11 COMPATIBILITY: Trace elements. Do NOT mix with :- Trace element fertilisers, glyphosate 360 and CT Zinc sulphate and copper sulphate are antagonistic with 2,4-D amine. This is caused by ionic reactions and results in a significant loss of efficacy. Manganese sulphate and calcium carbonate (lime) have lesser effects. See HerbiGuide Compatibilities button. 12 EQUIPMENT: Boom sprays, aircraft, high and low volume hand leads, misters. Regulations require the use of coarse droplets to reduce the impacts of drift. Recommended water volume: 30 - 120 L/ha for boom sprays, 10 - 90 L/ha aircraft and 200 22/02/2014 10:59 AM

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1000 L/ha for hand leads. Nozzle type: Flat fan at pressures of 200 - 300 kPa (28.6 - 43.5 psi). 13 SPRAYER DECONTAMINATION: Clean Up: Remove filters and nozzles and manually clean separately. Rinse with soapy water or water plus wetting agent and run through boom. Rinse with water. Decontamination: Remove filters and nozzles and manually clean then soak in 500 mL household ammonia in 10 L water for 30 minutes. Rinse sprayer with soapy water (eg 500 mL or g of Drive, Dynamo, Omo or Surf per 100 L water) or water plus 0.25% wetting agent and run through boom. Fill with 1% solution of ammonia and allow to stand for several hours. Triple rinse with water. Or use a commercial spray tank and equipment cleaner. Rinse nozzles and filters in water and replace. 14 HERBICIDE RESISTANCE: Some plants have developed some resistance to 2,4-D. 15 REPLANTING INTERVALS: Crop Barley Cereal Rye Chickpea Field Pea Lupin Pasture Triticale Wheat Time 13-14 days in moist soil. 21 days if dry. Qld 0 days 13-14 days in moist soil. 21 days if dry. Qld 0 days 14 days in dry soil. 7 days in moist soil. Longer if dry. 7 days in moist soil. Longer if dry. 14 days in moist soil. 21 days if dry. 13-14 days in moist soil. 21 days if dry. Qld 0 days 13-14 days in moist soil. 21 days if dry. Qld 0 days

16 WITHHOLDING PERIODS: Crop All All 17 RE-ENTRY PERIOD: Wear protective clothing if working in crops before the spray has dried. 18 PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Type Harvest Grazing Time Not required 7 days

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Face shield, cotton overalls, gloves, boots. 19 SOIL: Soil type has little direct effect. 20 MODE OF ACTION: Foliar absorbed with some root absorption, translocated, post-emergent. Disrupts cell growth and elongation. Multiple sites of action. Uptake and translocation: High concentrations may cause leaf burn and poor translocation leading to poor weed control. Translocated both up and down from the site of application to sources of active growth. Physiological effects: Causes twisting, swelling and splitting of soft stems and abnormal growth of leaves often resulting in cupping and inter veinal chlorosis. Flowers are often deformed and seed viability may be affected. These symptoms may occur at very low dose rates. Residual Life and Breakdown: 21 SELECTIVITY: Most grasses are tolerant to 2,4-D. Woody plants have lower tolerances and soft broad leaved species are generally susceptible to rates around 1 kg a.e./ha. Crop effects are usually only noticeable if applied at the incorrect growth stage and/or excessive rates. Plant roots absorb polar (salt and amine) forms of 2,4-D most readily and leaves absorb non polar (ester) forms most readily. Salt formulations have negligible vapour pressure are the safer to use in close proximity to sensitive plants whereas ester formulations are generally safer prior to planting susceptible crops. Crop tolerance: Varietal sensitivities: Applying 2,4-D to wheat before the completion of ear development may lead to yield loss and head deformities. Some varieties complete ear development at an earlier growth stage than others. The earliest timing for 2,4-D application therefore depends on the variety as indicated below Variety Ajana Amery Aroona Arrino Growth Stage Z15 Z16 Z16 Z16 Leaves on the main stem. 5 6 6 6

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Blade Brookton Cadoux Calingiri Camm Canna Carnamah Corrigin Cranbrook Cunderdin Dagger Eradu Gamenya Gutha Halberd Kalannie Kulin Machete Nyabing Perenjori Spear Stiletto Tammin Tincurrin Westonia Wilgoyne

Z16 Z17 Z16 Z17 Z16 Z15 Z16 Z16 Z17 Z17 Z17 Z16 Z16 Z15 Z16 Z15 Z15 Z17 Z16 Z17 Z17 Z17 Z17 Z15 Z15 Z16

6 7 6 7 6 5 6 6 7 7 7 6 6 5 6 5 5 7 6 7 7 7 7 5 5 6

Effect on Clover Species: Research done by Nufarm shows that clover tolerance increases at later growth stages and that at 1.4 L/ha minimal to light but acceptable damage to Balansa cv Paradana and subterranean clover cv Mt Barker, Trikkala, Larissa, Woogenellup and Northam occurs. Generally not as safe as MCPA 250 and 500 except on white clover. Few weed control advantages so MCPA is preferred. Effect on Medic Species: Damage trials as carried out by Nufarm. Low rates of 350 ml/ha for barrel medic cv Parragio, Sephi, Cyprus and Parabinga; gamma medic cv Paraponto; snail medic cv sava; spineless burr medic cv Circle Valley and Serena and strand medic cv Harbinger cause minimal to light but acceptable damage. Higher rates cause unacceptable damage.

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Effect on Lucerne: Death of seedlings or established plants very common especially at low rates of herbicides and even if leaf growth is at a minimum when sprayed. All formulations can cause severe damage, cutting/grazing prior to spraying can reduce damage but damage is usually unacceptable and severe. Herbicide drift onto lucerne can cause damage. Effect on Native Plants: Most native plants will tolerate low levels of 2,4-D and drift is not expected to cause significant long term effects on roadside trees or vegetation if reasonable care is taken to avoid exposure. 22 DISEASE AND INSECT EFFECTS: Vascular diseases usually reduce the translocation of 2,4-D and may reduce efficacy. Leaf diseases may reduce the leaf area available for 2,4-D absorption and consequently reduce efficacy. Low levels of insect damage may increase the absorption of 2,4-D increasing efficacy but also increasing the risk of crop damage. High levels of defoliation by insects may reduce efficacy due to decreased leaf area to collect spray droplets compared to the size of the plant. 23 PLANT SYMPTOMS: Initial symptoms are usually apparent in 3-7 days and include twisting of soft stems, cupping of leaves and erection of rosette leaves. Malformed growth may take weeks to develop. Death of young plants usually occurs within a month. Older and more woody plants may take several months to die. The table below summarises the effects of 2,4-D amines on the most sensitive species tested. Species Growth stage Formulation EC25 NOEC g a.e. /ha g a.e./ha Sorghum Seedling 2,4-D DMAS 29 17 (Monocot) (amine) Mustard (Dicot) Seedling 2,4-D DEA 50 <50 (amine) Tomato (Dicot) Vegetative 2,4-D DEA 3.3 2.2 (amine) Table adapted from EPA 738-R-05-002, June 2005 For sensitive species like Tomato, rates around 5 mL/ha of 2,4-D amine can cause symptoms. For cereals the ester formulations are less damaging to the crop pre planting than the amine formulations. SECONDARY EFFECTS: Sugar contents of sprayed plants normally increase within a week of spraying and this may make the plants more palatable to herbivores including sheep and insects. This may cause stock problems if toxic plants are present.

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24 TOXICITY: Summary: 2,4-D amine is generally of low toxicity to mammals, birds, bees and aquatic organisms. Details: Poison schedule: S5. Mammalian toxicity: Low toxicity. Acute oral: LD50 735-1646 mg/kg (rats) [For comparison table salt is 3000 mg/kg] Acute dermal: LD50 1829 to >2000 mg/kg (rabbits) Skin: Primary irritation. Slight skin irritant. Skin: Sensitisation. Not a dermal sensitizer. Eye: Severe eye irritant. Vapour inhalation: LC50 3.1 to >4.97 mg/L (rat) Chronic oral toxicity: NOEL 5 mg/kg/day for two years rats and 30 mg/kg/day for rabbits. Acute dietary toxicity: NOEL 25-67 mg/kg/day. High doses have caused reproductive effects in test animals. Data indicates that 2,4-D has low teratogenic potential or is not teratogenic. Several studies investigated 2,4-D as a carcinogen with varying results. At normal exposure levels it is not expected to be carcinogenic. Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI): 0.01 mg/kg/day. Other Species: Birds: LD50 = 415 to >1000 mg a.e./kg. Moderately to practically non toxic. The acid, amine and ester formulations have similar toxicity. Chronic NOEC for birds is 992 ppm for 2,4-D acid formulation. Fish: toxicity LC50 >80.24 to 2244 mg a.e./L for acid and amine formulations NOEC of 14.2 to 63.4 mg a.e./L for 2,4-D acid, 2,4-D DEA and 2,4-D DMAS formulations based on larval fish survival for the fish full life cycle studies. 2,4-D amine and acid formulations are practically non toxic to freshwater and marine fish. 2,4-D acid and dimethyl amine are practically non toxic to tadpoles. Invertebrates: LC 50 = 25 to 830 mg a.e./L for freshwater and marine invertebrates for 2,4-D acid and amine formulations. That is slightly toxic to practically non-toxic to freshwater marine invertebrates. Bees: Practically non toxic. LD > 10 ug/bee. Moderate doses have impaired brood production. Arthropods: toxicity. Earthworms: 25 TOXICITY SYMPTOMS: 26 FIRST AID: If SWALLOWED: If more than 15 minutes from a hospital, induce vomiting preferably using Ipecac Syrup APF. See a doctor. If in EYES: Irrigate with plenty of water. Amine and salt formulations are severe eye irritants. See a doctor.
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If on SKIN: Rinse with plenty of water, remove contaminated clothing, wash with soap and water. If INHALED: Remove patient to fresh air. See a doctor. Advice to doctor: Treat symptomatically. Contact the Poisons Information Centre on 131126. 27 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE: Half life in soil: 2,4-D acid has a aerobic soil half life of 6.2 days. Half life in water: 2,4-D acid has an aerobic half life of 15 days and an anaerobic half life of 41-333 days. 2,4-D acid is stable to abiotic hydrolysis with a half life of 1-2 years. It has an EPA classification for soil mobility that ranges from intermediate to very mobile. Usually very low mobility in field studies even though laboratory solubility studies indicate 2,4-D is potentially mobile. Rapid degradation in the soil and removal from soil by plant uptake minimizes leaching under realistic application conditions. Significant ground water contamination not likely but it has been detected in ground and surface waters in the US and Canada. Rarely detected more than 500 mm deep in soils. Accumulation in milk and tissues. pH stability: Photolysis rate: 2,4-D acid half life (DT50) was 12.9 days in water at pH 5 and 68 days in soil. Hydrolysis half life: Stable to abiotic hydrolysis. Biodegradation rate: 2,4-D acid half life is 6.9 days in aerobic soils and 15 days in aerobic aquatic environments. 2,4-D amine and salt formulations are similar. Most field studies show an apparent half life of 1.7 - 13 days with an average of 5 days in moist soils. In dry soils the half life is much longer because most of the breakdown is due to microbial activity. The half life in grass and thatch was < 7 days on average. The half life in natural water is 1-2 weeks but may be only a few days in rice paddies. 2,4-D degrades through several low toxicity intermediates to carbon compounds, CO2, water and chlorine or HCl. UV breakdown rate: Probably has a half life of 2-13 days 28 REGISTERED CROPS: See HerbiGuide Species Solution tab. 29 REGISTERED WEEDS: See HerbiGuide Species Solution tab. 30 REGULATION AND LEGAL: UN number: Dangerous goods class: Hazchem code: NOHSC classification: Proper shipping name:

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Packaging group: EPG: CAS numbers: DEA = 5742-19-8, DMA = 5742-19-8, IPA = 5742-17-6, TIPA = 32341-80-3. 31 PROPERTIES: Water solubility: 170000-720000 mg/L at 25 C at pH ; Oil solubility: Low. Octanol:Water ratio: N/A; salt dissociates to acid in water. Soil organic carbon absorption coefficient (Koc): 31.2-470.9 mL/g. Soil DT50 aerobic 20 C - 1.7 days. Soil DT50 anaerobic 20 C - 333 days (aquatic study). Hydrolysis: 1-2 years sterile water pH 7 buffered. Photolysis water DT50 13 days (artificial sunlight) Photolysis soil DT50 68 days Vapour Pressure: <1 x 10-7 at 26 C. Dissociation constant: pKa Melting point: 87-121 C. Boiling point: C. Molecular weight: 280-412 g/mole. Colour: Light brown or amber. Odour: Bulk density: Specific gravity: 1.15-1.23. pH: Flammability: Non flammable. Shelf Life: 60 months (5 years). (When Stored under Ideal Conditions) 32 COMMENTS: 2,4-D decreases nitrate reductase in the plant and this results in an increased nitrate level. In some plants, such as Capeweed, Radishes, Turnips, and Canola, this may reach toxic levels. 33 REFERENCES:
Ashton, F.M. and Crafts, A.S. (1981) Mode of Action of Herbicides. (Wiley-Interscience publication). Kearney, P.C. and Kaufman, D.D. (1976). Herbicides. Chemistry, degradation and mode of action. Vol 1 & 2.

Acknowledgments: Collated by HerbiGuide. For more information see www.herbiguide.com.au or phone 08 98444064.

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