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The Present Tenses

The Present Simple


Use: 1. Fact: water boils at 100C. 2. Habit: I always go to school on Monday. 3. Fixed time schedule : the bus leaves at 12 oclock. Keywords Affirmative I work You work He/She/It works We work You work They work

Always, sometimes, often, usually, every day, on Saturday, ...


Question Do I work? Do you work? Does he/she/it work? Do we work? Do you work? Do they work Short answer + Yes, I do. Yes, you do. Yes, he/she/it does. Yes, we do. Yes, you do. Yes, they do. Short answer No, I dont. No, you dont. No, he/she/it doesnt. No, we dont. No, you dont. No, they dont

Negative I dont work You dont work He/She/It doesnt work We dont work You dont work They dont work

The Present Continuous ( to be + verb + ing)


Use: 1. Describes an activity that is happening now. Keywords Affirmative I am working You are working He/She/It is working We are working You are working They are working

Now, at the moment.


Question Am I working? Are you working? Is he/she/it working? Are we working? Are you working? Are they working Short answer + Yes, I am. Yes, you are. Yes, he/she/it is. Yes, we are. Yes, you are. Yes, they are. Short answer No, I am not. No, you arent. No, he/she/it isnt. No, we arent. No, you arent. No, they arent.

Negative I am not working You arent working He/She/It isnt working We arent working You arent working They arent working

The Present Perfect Simple (to have + past participle) Use: 1. To talk about an action that took place in the past; with a result in the present. Keywords: Ever, never, just, already, recently, since, for, yet, lately. Affirmative Negative Question Short answer + I have worked I havent worked Have I worked? Yes, I have. You have worked You havent worked Have you worked? Yes, you have. He/She/It has worked He/She/It hasnt Has he/she/it worked? Yes, he/she/it has. worked We have worked We havent worked Have we worked? Yes, we have. You have worked You havent worked Have you worked? Yes, you have. They have worked They havent worked Have they worked? Yes, they have. !

Short answer No, I havent. No, you havent. No, he/she/it hasnt. No, we havent. No, you havent. No, they havent

The Past Tenses


The Past Simple
Use: 1. The simple past expresses a past action that is finished. Affirmative I worked You worked He/She/It worked We worked You worked They worked Keywords: Negative I didnt work You didnt work He/She/It didnt work We didnt work You didnt work They didnt work In 1999, last (year, month, week), (2 years) ago. Question Short answer + Did I work? Yes, I did. No, Did you work? Yes, you did. No, Did he/she/it work? Yes, he/she/it did. No, Did we work? Yes, we did. No, Did you work? Yes, you did. No, Did they work? Yes, they did. No, ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Short answer I didnt. you didnt. he/she/it didnt. we didnt. you didnt. they didnt.

The Future Tenses


Future Simple: will/shall 1. We use will to say what we know or think about the future. 2. We use will for instant decisions. 3. We use will to order things. Keywords: Next (year, months, week), tomorrow, ... Negative Question Short answer + Short answer I wont/shant work Will/Shall I work? Yes, I will/shall. No, I wont/shant. You wont work Will you work? Yes, you will. No, you wont. He/She/It will work Will he/she/it work? Yes, he/she/it will. No, he/she/it wont. We wont/shant work Will/Shall we work? Yes, we will/shall. No, we wont/shant. You wont work Will you work? Yes, you will. No, you wont. They wont work Will they work? Yes, they will. No, they wont.
Use:

Affirmative I will/shall work You will work He/She/It will work We will/shall work You will work They will work

Affirmative I am going to work You are going to work He/She/It is going to work We are going to work You are going to work They are going to work

Future Simple: going to (be + going to + verb) Use: 1. Going to expresses a persons plans and intentions. 2. We also use going to when we can see now that something is sure to happen soon. Keywords: Next (year, months, week), tomorrow, ... Negative Question Short answer + Short answer I am not going to work Am I going to work? Yes, I am. No, I am not. You arent going to work Are you going to work? Yes, you are. No, you arent. He/She/It isnt going to Is he/she/it going to Yes, he/she/it is. No, he/she/it isnt. work work? We arent going to work Are we going to work? Yes, we are. No, we arent. You arent going to work Are you going to work? Yes, you are. No, you arent. They arent going to work Are they going to work? Yes, they are. No, they arent.

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