DESIGN COEFFICIENT TABLES

Hazen-Williams Friction Factor (C)

Pipe Material Values for C Range High/Low 160/150 160/130 150/120 145/110 150/80 150/80 152/85 Average Value 150-155 148 140 120 130 130 120 60 Typical Design Value 150 140 130 110 100 100 100 60

Plastic, PVC, Polyethylene pipe or tubing Cement or mastic lined iron or steel pipe Copper, brass, lead, tin or glass pipe or tubing Wood Stave Welded or Seamless Steel Cast and ductile iron Concrete Corrugated steel

Mannings Equation roughness coefficient (n)

Material Values for n Range 0.008-0.011 0.012-0.015 0.021-0.030 0.012-0.016 0.011-0.017 0.012-0.017 0.010-0.013 0.017-0.030 0.010-0.011 0.012-0.015 0.012-0.013 0.022-0.027 Typical Design Value 0.009 0.013 0.024 0.015 0.013 0.015 0.011 0.021 0.011 0.013 0.013 0.024

Polyethylene pipe Uncoated cast or ductile iron pipe Corrugated steel pipe Concrete pipe Vitrified clay pipe Brick and cement mortar sewers Wood stave Rubble masonry Concrete Culvert Pipe (Smooth) Concrete Boxes (Smooth) Spiral Rib Metal Pipe (Smooth) Corrugated Metal Pipe, Pipe-Arch and Box. (2 -2/3 in by in Annular corrugation) Corrugated Metal Pipe, Pipe-Arch and Box. (2 -2/3 in by in Helical corrugation) Corrugated Metal Pipe, Pipe-Arch and Box. (6 in by 1 in Helical corrugation) Corrugated Metal Pipe, Pipe-Arch and Box. (5 in by 1 in) Corrugated Metal Pipe, Pipe-Arch and Box. (3 in by 1 in) Corrugated Metal Pipe, Pipe-Arch and Box. (6 in by 2 in Structural Plate)

0.011-0.023

0.020

0.022-0.025

0.024

0.025-0.026

0.026

0.027-0.028

0.028

0.033-0.035

0.034

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Corrugated Metal Pipe, Pipe-Arch and Box. (9in by 2-1/2 in Structural Plate) Corrugated Polyethylene Culvert Pipe (Smooth) Corrugated Polyethylene Culvert Pipe ( Corrugated) Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) (Smooth) Open Channel regular section some grass and weeds, little or no brush Open Channel regular section dense grass and weeds, depth of flow materially greater than weed height Open Channel regular section some weeds, light brush on banks Open Channel regular section some weeds, heavy brush on banks Open Channel regular section some weeds, dense willows on banks Open Channel regular section for trees within channel, with branches submerged at high stage, increase all above open channel values by Irregular sections, with pools, slight channel meander, increase open channel values given above by Mountain streams, no vegetation in channel, banks usually steep, trees and brush along banks submerged at high stage: bottom of gravel, cobbles, and few boulders Mountain streams, no vegetation in channel, banks usually steep, trees and brush along banks submerged at high stage: bottom of cobbles, with large boulders Concrete gutter, trowel finish Asphalt pavement (smooth texture) Asphalt pavement (rough texture) Combination asphalt pavement and concrete gutter Concrete pavement

0.033-0.037

0.035

0.009-0.015 0.018-0.025 0.009-0.011 0.030-0.035

0.013 0..023 0.010 0.035

0.035-0.05

0.04

0.035-0.05

0.04

0.05-0.07

0.06

0.06-0.08

0.07

0.01-0.02

0.02

0.01-0.02

0.02

0.04-0.05

0.05

0.05-0.07

0.06

0.012 0.013 0.016 0.015

0.012 0.013 0.016 0.015

0.014-0.016

0.015

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Culvert Design - Outlet Control, Full or Partly Full Entrance Head Loss Coefficient (Ke)
Type of Structure and Design of Entrance Pipe, Concrete Projecting from fill, socket end (groove-end) Projecting from fill, sq. cut end Headwall or headwall and wingwalls, Socket end Headwall or headwall and wingwalls, Square-edge Rounded, radius D/12 Mitered to conform to fill slope End-Section conforming to fill slope Beveled edges, 33.7 deg. or 45 deg. bevels Side- or slope-tapered inlet Pipe or Pipe-Arch Corrugated Metal Projecting from fill (no headwall) Headwall or headwall and wingwalls square-edge Mitered to conform to fill slope, paved or unpaved slope End-Section conforming to fill slope Beveled edges, 33.7 deg. or 45 deg. bevels Side- or slope-tapered inlet Box, Reinforced Concrete Headwall parallel to embankment (no wingwalls), Square-edge on 3 edges Headwall parallel to embankment (no wingwalls), Rounded on 3 edges to radius of D/12 or B/12 or beveled edges on 3 sides Wingwalls at 30 deg to 75 deg to barrel, Square-edged at crown Wingwalls at 30 deg to 75 deg to barrel, Crown edge rounded to radius of D/12 or beveled top edge Wingwalls at 10 deg to 25 deg to barrel, Square-edged at crown Wingwalls parallel (extension of sides), Square-edged at crown Wingwalls parallel (extension of sides), Side- or slope-tapered inlet Ke 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.2

Culvert Design - Constants for Inlet Control Design Equation

Shape and Material Circular Concrete Inlet Edge Description Square edge w/headwall Groove end w/headwall Groove end projecting Headwall Mitered to slope Projecting Beveled ring, 45 deg. bevels Beveled ring, 33.7 deg. bevels 30 to 75 deg wingwall flares 90 and 15 deg wingwall flares 0 deg wingwall flares 45 deg wingwall flare d=.043D 18 to 33.7 deg wingwall flare d = .083D 90 deg headwall w/ 3/4 chamfers 90 deg headwall w/ 45 deg bevels 90 deg headwall w/ 33.7 deg bevels chamfers, 45 deg skewed headwall chamfers, 30 deg skewed headwall chamfers, 15 deg skewed headwall 45 deg bevels; 10 to 45 deg skewed headwall 45 deg non-offset wingwall flares 18.4 deg non-offset wingwall flares 18.4 non-offset wingwall flares, 30 deg skewed barrel K .0098 .0018 .0045 .0078 .0210 .0340 .0018 .0018 .026 .061 .061 .510 .486 .515 .495 .486 .545 .533 .522 .498 .497 .493 .495 M 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.33 1.50 2.50 2.50 1.0 75 .75 .667 .667 .667 .667 .667 .667 .667 .667 .667 .667 .667 .667 c .0398 .0292 .0317 .0379 .0463 .0553 .0300 .0243 .0347 .0400 .0423 .0309 .0249 .0375 .0314 .0252 .04505 .0425 .0402 .0327 .0339 .0361 .0386 Y .67 .74 .69 .69 .75 .54 .74 .83 .81 .80 .82 .80 .83 .79 .82 .865 .73 .705 .68 .75 .803 .806 .71

Circular CMP

Circular Rectangular Box

Rectangular Box chamfers

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Rectangular Box Top Bevels

45 deg wingwall flares - offset 33.7 deg wingwall flares - offset 18.4 deg wingwall flares - offset 90 deg headwall Thick wall projecting Thin wall projecting Square edge w/headwall Groove end w/headwall Groove end projecting Square edge w/headwall Groove end w/headwall Groove end projecting 90 deg headwall Mitered to slope Projecting Projecting No Bevels 33.7 deg Bevels Projecting No Bevels 33.7 deg Bevels 90 deg headwall Mitered to slope Thin wall projecting Smooth tapered inlet throat Rough tapered inlet throat Tapered inlet - beveled edges Tapered inlet - square edges Tapered inlet - thin edge projecting Tapered inlet throat Side tapered - less favorable edges Side tapered - more favorable edges Slope tapered - less favorable edges Slope tapered - more favorable edges

.497 .495 .493 .0083 .0145 .0340 .0100 .0018 .0045 .0100 .0018 .0095 .0083 .0300 .0340 .0300 .0088 .0030 .0300 .0088 .0030 .0083 .0300 .0340 .534 .519 .536 .5035 .547 .475 .56 .56 .50 .50

.667 .667 .667 2.0 1.75 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.5 .555 .64 .622 .719 .80 .667 .667 .667 .667 .667

.0302 .0252 .0227 .0379 .0419 .0496 .0398 .0292 .0317 .0398 .0292 .0317 .0379 .0463 .0496 .0496 .0368 .0269 .0496 .0368 .0269 .0379 .0463 .0496 .0196 .0210 .0368 .0478 .0598 .0179 .0446 .0378 .0446 .0378

.835 .881 .887 .69 .64 .57 .67 .74 .69 .67 .74 .69 .69 .75 .57 .57 .68 .77 .57 .68 .77 .69 .75 .57 .90 .90 .83 .80 .75 .97 .85 .87 .65 .71

C M Boxes

Horizontal Ellipse Concrete

Vertical Ellipse Concrete

Pipe Arch, 18 Corner Radius - CM

Pipe Arch, 31 Corner Radius - CM

Arch CM

Circular Elliptical Inlet Face

Rectangular Rectangular - Concrete

Rational Method/Modified Rational Method Runoff Coefficients (C)

Categorized by surface forested asphalt brick concrete shingle roof lawns, well drained (sandy soil), up to 2% slope lawns, well drained (sandy soil), 2% to 78% slope lawns, well drained (sandy soil), over 7% slope lawns, poor drainage (clay soil), up to 2% slope lawns, poor drainage (clay soil), 2% to 7% slope lawns, poor drainage (clay soil), over 7% slope driveways, walkways Categorized by use farmland pasture unimproved parks cemeteries C 0.059-0.2 0.7-0.95 0.7-0.85 0.8-0.95 0.75-0.95 0.05-0.1 0.10-0.15 0.15-0.2 0.13-0.17 0.18-0.22 0.25-0.35 0.75-0.85 0.05-0.3 0.05-0.3 0.1-0.3 0.1-0.25 0.1-0.25

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railroad yard playgrounds (except asphalt or concrete) business districts, neighborhood business districts, city (downtown) residential, single family residential, multi-plexes, detached residential, multi-plexes, attached residential, suburban residential, apartments, condominiums industrial, light industrial, heavy

0.2-0.40 0.2-0.35 0.5-0.7 0.7-0.95 0.3-0.5 0.4-0.6 0.6-0.75 0.25-0.4 0.5-0.7 0.5-0.8 0.6-0.9

Modified Rational Method, Typical Values of Infiltration Rates, (F), inches/hour

Description Sand and gravel mixture Silty gravels and silty sands to inorganic silt, and welldeveloped loams Silty clay sand to sandy clay Clays, inorganic and organic Bare rock, not highly fractured Soil group symbol GW, GP, SW, SP GM, SM, ML, MH, OL Infiltration, F, in/hr 0.8-1.0 0.3-0.6

SC, CL CH, OH ----------

0.2-0.3 0.1-0.2 0.0-0.1

Soil Cohesion and Friction Factors (For use in Thrust Block Design)
Soil Material Sand, dry well graded Sand, saturated, well graded Silt, dry, passing 200 sieve Silt, saturated, passing 200 sieve Cohesive granular soil wet to moist Clay, wet to moist Clay, wet to moist at maximum compaction Friction Angle (degrees) 44.5 39 40 32 13 - 22 11.5 16.5 11.5 16.5 Cs 0 0 0 0 385 - 920 460 1,175 460 1,175 Soil Cohesion and Friction Factors fp fs 0.76 0 0.80 0.95 0.75 0.65 0.50 0.50 0 0 0 0.35 0.50 0.80

Kerbys Roughness Coefficient

Categorized by surface Smooth, impervious surface Smooth, packed bare soil Poor grass, cultivated row crops of moderately rough bare soil Pasture or average grass Deciduous timberland Timberland with deep forest litter or dense grass Kerby n 0.02 0.10 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80

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Slope Intercept Coefficient k

Categorized by surface Forest with heavy ground litter; hay meadow (overland flow) Trash fallow or minimum tillage cultivation; contour or strip cropped; woodland (overland flow) Short grass pasture (overland flow) Cultivated straight row (overland flow) Nearly bare and untilled (overland flow); alluvial fans in western mountain regions Grassed waterway (shallow concentrated flow) Unpaved (shallow concentrated flow) Paved area (shallow concentrated flow); small upland gullies k 0.076 0.152 0.213 0.274 0.305 0.457 0.491 0.619

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