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MOOLJI JAITHA COLLEGE JALGAON

PHYSICS DEPARTMENT
F.Y.BSC.
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY BY LEES METHOD

Theory:
The capacity of a substance to conduct heat is called conductivity.
The coefficient of thermal conductivity is defined as quantity of heat
flowing normally across unit sectional area of a material of unit thickness in
One second, when the temperature difference between its ends is unity.
Unit of thermal conductivity (K is cal!cm " sec. #ad
conductor of thickness d $ cross sectional area % is placed between
cylindrical chamber " of the same diameter $ solid disc &. Two deep holes
are bored in the discs "$ &.Thermometers T
'
$T
(
are inserted in these
holes. )team is passed through the steam chamber ". *eat is conducted
across the chamber " to the specimen $ then to the disc &. The temperature
gradually increases $ then become steady. +n steady state, the disc &
receives the heat conducted through the specimen $ radiates it. The
temperatures are recorded. +f K is the conductivity of the specimen, % its
area, d its thickness,
',

(
the temperatures of the thermometers T
'
$ T
(,
then amount of heat conducted across it per second, in the steady state is
given by,
,
-

K

'
.
(

t d
The disc & alone is heated to a temp. /early '0 " above it1s
temp. +n steady state. The top surface of the disc & is covered by the
specimen $ it is allowed to cool. The temp. +s recorded at regular
intervals of time, till temp. 2alls nearly '0 degree " bellow the temp.
&uring steady state. % graph of temp. %gainst time is plotted. 2rom
the graph, the rate of cooling (d!dt is determined at
(
$ thus the
heat lost per second to the surrounding is given by 3) d!dt where 3
is the mass $ ) the specific heat of the disc,.
,uantity of heat radiated by disc & - 3)(( (
3) - K%(
d
dt
d
dt
'.(
d

'
.
(

'
.
(
3) 4 d5!dt 6

(

%(
3) 4 d5!dt 6

(
r
(
(

7here r - radius of circular specimen disc.
AIM:
To determine thermal conductivity of a bad conductor using 8ee1s
method.
APPARATUS:
8ee1s disc apparatus, steam boiler, two thermometers, stop clock, physical
balance, micrometer screw.gauge, 3eter scale, card board as a bad
conductor.
DIAGRAM:
d
K--
"onductivity K -
d
PROCEDURE :
(' 3easure the diameter of bad conductor disc (card board disc by
centimeter scale or vernier calipers. *ence find out the radius (r of the bad
conductor disc.
(( #y micrometer screw gauge measure the thickness (d of the bad
conductor.(9 2ind the mass (3 of the metal disc (&.(:)et up the
apparatus as shown in diagram i.e. suspend the metal disc & with the help
of chains. Keep the bad conductor specimen over it. Keep the chamber "
on it. "onnect steam chamber " to the steam boiler by means of a rubber
tubing. %ttach a rubber tube to steam chamber " outlet tube and dip its other
end in cold water contained in a copper calorimeter. (; <ass the steam
through the cylinder ", until the thermometers T
'
$ T
(
show steady temp.
'
and
(
respectively. =ecord them. (> )top the steam supply. =emove the
cylinder " and a bad conductor disc, heat the metal disc & alone by stove or
gas burner to the temp. about (
(
? '0
0
. =emove the stove. <lace the bad
conductor disc again on the metal disc & and record the temp. ( of the disc
after every half a minute till the temp. falls nearly '0
0
" below the temp.
during steady state i.e. till (
(
.'0
0
.
(@ &raw the graph of temp. ( and time (t sec. 2rom graph determine the
slope at
(0
c
.
(A "alculate the thermal conductivity K, of a bad conductor using given
formula.
Ober!"#$o% T"b&e B
(' &iameter of a bad conductor disc.
(' (( (9 (:
3ean diameter & - cm
R"'$( o) b"' *o%'(*#or r + D,-+ *..
(( Thickness of a bad conductor
(' (( (9 (:
Me"% #h$*/%e ' + *.
(9 3ass of metal disc (& - M + 00000000001.
: )pecific heat of metal disc (& - S + 0000000000*"&,1.,
2
C
(; 7ater equivalent of metal slab 3) - ...........
(> Temp. of upper metal plate
'
- .........
0
"
(@ Temp. of lower plate
( - ............
0
"
(A 2rom graph . slope (d!dt
(
- ............

Time in )ec. Temperature

0
90
>0
C0
.
.
.
.

Draph B
<lot a graph of temp. against the time t sec. /ature of the graph
is eEponential curve called as cooling curve. &raw a tangent line at
(
point
&etermine the slope of the tangent. This gives slope,
)lope-%#!#"-
(
(-............
temperature
Time in sec. Temperature
5
d
dt

(
%
# "
time
C"&*(&"#$o%:
)lope of the tangent line -
3'4,'#5
4- )ro. 1r"6h + 000000000000
r + 000000000 *.
MS + 00000000000
' + 000000000000
Thermal conductivity of a bad conductor,
3) 4d!dt6
(

K-
(7 r
-
3
8
0
-
5
'
- "al!gm! sec!
0
c
Re(&#:
Thermal conductivity of a bad conductor
K- cal!gm!sec!
0
c.
)tandard value of thermal conductivity of a bad conductor,
K - FFFFF cal!gm!sec!
0
c.

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