Apostila 2012 Conversation Classes Prep Handout 1 PDF

ELT ENGLISH LANGUAGE TRAINING
CONVERSATION CLASSES

PREP PREPARATORY FOR ENGLISH PROFICIENCY UBERLNDIA/MG
TEACHER HAMILTON GARCIA-JR. (BIRD)

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Love words. You have to really want to learn new vocabulary if you're going to succeed.
Look up words you don't know whenever you encounter them. After encountering and looking up a
word several times, you should eventually be able to remember its definition. 3
Use a Thesaurus. A thesaurus is a great resource which enables you to know the more advanced
equivalent of basic english words.
There are many computer programs and websites that have ways of giving you a short "Word of
the Day" list with new words every day. Try going to www.dictionary.com. Scroll down and click on
"Get the Word of the Day e-mail". If you enter all of the required information, you will get a new e-mail
every day with a word, its definition, and an example usage sentence. The author recommends Merriam-
Webster (www.m-w.com), Dictionary.com, and Wordsmith.org. When you log on to your homepage, there
will be a list of new words every day.
Read. Read all genres of books. When you come across a word you don't know, read the sentences
around the word and try to figure out what it means from the context. Check your guess with a dictionary.
This doesn't mean you should start reading medical textbooks or other books with lots of new words on
every page. Set aside time each day to sit down with your book. Enjoy yourself!
Play word games with friends. Try Boggle, Scrabble, or Catch-Phrase. There are so many great games
out there to teach you new words. If a friend comes up with a word that you don't know, ask them what it
means.
Use the words you learn when you're talking to people or writing letters or e-mail. Using your new
vocabulary is not only fun, but a great way to remember all these new words. Try to use at least three
new words a day when communicating with anyone.
Learn roots, prefixes, and suffixes. Many words in the English language come from Latin or Greek
words. When you combine these Latin or Greek words, you get new words in English. For example: astro
("astron" meaning "star") + logy (logos meaning "speech") = astrology (meaning "telling of the stars"). Buy
an etymological dictionary (meaning "a dictionary of word origins")
If you learn any romance language (eg: French, Spanish, Italian), or Latin or Ancient Greek, these will
help you immensely with improving your vocabulary, especially the two ancient languages here because
so many complicated English words are derived from words that are simple and commonly used in them.
Find a friend who speaks English. It's good to practice using your new words. With a web connection,
your conversation partner does not need to live near you. You can email, chat, and even phone each
other using your computers. A friend who understands that you are learning can help you practice, use
new words in your conversations, and offer you advice. Since talking to a friend is fun, it won't feel like
work! If your friend wants to learn your language, too, it will be easier for both of you to understand each
other's mistakes.Listen to the radio, watch television, or find a podcast that you like in English, and
practice understanding the language when spoken, too.

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Language learning opinions (Learner Training/ Functional Language- Opinions/ Meetings)
Read through the following ideas for studying English and mark each one with a tick for
good ideas and a cross for bad ideas (dont think about it too much, just go on your first
impressions TICK THE ONES YOURE GONNA DO OUTSIDE CLASS )
Listening to English songs when you are going to sleep
Having English radio on in the background while you are doing your housework
Playing English language learning games on your PS2/PS3/Xbox/Wii
Saying or thinking what you are doing in English as you carry out daily tasks (I am unscrewing
the ketchup bottle cap etc.)
Watching English language films with English subtitles
Watching films with English subtitles
Watching the same film or TV episode over and over again
Reading graded readers (= easy readers)
Reading classic books in the original (e.g. Shakespeare or Charles Dickens)
Reading English childrens books
Watching English childrens films or TV programmes
Keeping a list of language to learn, e.g. a vocab list
Going through your vocab list several times every day
Labeling things in your house or office, e.g. with post-its
Doing exercises in self-study grammar books and vocab books
Starting English lessons very young, e.g. when you are two
Reading a grammar book
Surfing the net in English
Taking holidays abroad
Drawing pictures of the words you want to learn
Reading childrens books in English
Having a foreign boyfriend or girlfriend
Arranging a conversation exchange
English language exams
Translating
Writing the words you want to learn in English
Modelling your accent on one particular actor, e.g. trying to speak like Robert De Niro
Using an English-English dictionary
Occasionally talking to or e-mailing your Japanese friends in English
Finding a pen friend
Starting conversations with foreign people you see on the train.
Going to an English pub and starting conversations with the barmen and other customers.
Keeping a diary in English
Online chat
Listening to the radio news in English
Reading an English language newspaper
Writing fiction in English, e.g. short stories
Listening to English music
Reading the lyrics of English songs, e.g. from a CD jacket or on the internet
Singing in English, e.g. karaoke
English language exercise videos
Listening to audio books
Learning a famous speech or poem in English by heart
Putting yourself into a state of deep relaxation before doing listening exercises
Getting tipsy (= a little drunk) before speaking English
Using a dictionary while you are watching a movie
Learning and using the phonemic script
Recording your own voice
Working your way through the dictionary


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1 Look at the words below.
lanky stocky chubby well-built
skinny petite slim overweight
wiry curvy shapely slender
Which of the following people could they be used to describe?

a. a strong, thin man

b. a small, thin woman

c. a tall, thin man

d. a small, fat, strong man

e. an attractive woman with broad hips and a big bust

f. a tall, thin woman

2 Which of the phrases below suggest

a. a slim, strong man

b. a big, fat man

c. an attractive man (in your opinion)

Hes got a double chin Hes got a pot belly
Hes got a beard and moustache Hes bald
Hes got sideburns Hes got slim hips and a narrow waist
Hes broad-shouldered Hes got high cheekbones
Hes got a six pack Hes long-legged

3 Whats the difference between the following?
a. a ponytail a pigtail a goatee
b. flat-chested pigeon-chested broad-chested
c. bony big-boned skin and bones
d. handsome gorgeous attractive
e. hunky cute charming

4 Read the descriptions of different people. Then complete the final sentence
in the most appropriate way.

a. When I last saw my brother, he was a long, lanky eighteen-year-old with scruffy,
long hair and a thin moustache that looked silly. He was skinny and shy. But
now, Ive just returned from two years in America, and hes absolutely
gorgeous. Hes ___________________________________.


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Describe yourself and your teacher - :)

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CONT. (HOW THE SCOTS SAY IT)

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Lets talk about :


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1. Your coworker has 8 body piercings and none are visible.

2. You make over $250,000 and still can't afford a house.

3. You take a bus and are shocked at 2 people carrying on a
conversation in English

4. Your child's 3rd grade teacher has purple hair, a nose ring,
and is named Breeze.

5. You can't remember... is pot illegal?

6. You've been invited to a baby shower that has two mothers
and a sperm donor.

7. You have a very strong opinion about where your coffee beans
are grown and can taste the difference between Sumatran and Ethiopian.

8. You know which restaurant serves the freshest arugula.


10. A really great parking space can move you to tears.

11. A low speed pursuit will interrupt ANY TV broadcast.

12. Gas costs 75 cents per gallon more than anywhere else in
the U.S.

13. A man gets on the bus in full leather regalia and
crotchless chaps. You don't even notice.

14. Unlike back home, the guy at 8:30 am at Starbucks wearing
the baseball cap and sunglasses who looks like George Clooney IS George
Clooney.

15. Your car insurance costs as much as your house payment.

16. Your hairdresser is straight, your plumber is gay, the
woman who delivers your mail is into BDSM and your Mary Kay rep
is a guy in drag.


18. It's sprinkling and there's a report on every news station about
"STORM WATCH 2000."

19. You have to leave the big company meeting early because Billy
Blanks himself is teaching the 4:00 PM Tae Bo class.

20. You pass an elementary school playground and the children are
all busy with their cell phones or pagers.

21. It's sprinkling outside, so you leave for work an hour
early to avoid all the weather-related accidents.

22. Hey! Is Pot Illegal?

23. You AND your dog have therapists.


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What is bullying?
People of all ages can be cruel to one another when they are in a bad mood, but this in itself
does not constitute bullying because it is usually a one-off. Bullying, on the other hand, is
repeated relentlessly. It involves either physical intimidation or verbal abuse, or both, and
thanks to modern technology it does not even need to be face-to-face cyberbullying through
chat-rooms, emails and mobile phones is becoming increasingly common. Psychological
bullying involves gossiping about the target or starting a cruel rumour about them. Verbal
bullying includes teasing and taunting the victim.
Who are the bullies and why do they do it?
Both boys and girls can be bullies. Boys will bully both boys and girls, whereas girls tend to bully
girls rather than boys. Bullies are people who take pleasure in belittling and scaring others
cruelly so that they can dominate them. The bullies are often not happy people, but may have
suffered abuse themselves.
They often have low self-esteem and can only raise their opinion of themselves by putting other
people down. Unfortunately this is a very short-term policy and they end up, according to
statistics, having less successful lives than some other people.
How do bullies choose a victim?
Certain types of people attract bullies: targets tend to be smaller than the bully, younger, shy,
passive, easily dominated and not to have a large circle of friends. Bullies head for people who
look like they dont fit in.
What can you do if you are bullied?
The most obvious answer is to tell a responsible adult a teacher, a counsellor, a coach, etc. It
is worth remembering that adults may even be able to sort out the problem without the bully
finding out how the situation was discovered. Apart from that, it is important to remember that
bullying takes place in certain locations more than others (playgrounds, bathrooms, school
buses, on the walk home, etc.), so avoid being alone in these places when possible. In fact,
bullies are unlikely to pick on a person who is at the centre of a group of friends so, as far as
possible, stay in a friendly group there is safety in numbers!
Also, it is worth plucking up courage to be assertive with a bully assertive but not aggressive.
It is vital not to fight back, however much you might want revenge. This is because the bullys
main aim is to wind you up. If you lose your temper, the bully has won because s/he has
successfully wound you up. It is a much better idea to simply stand your ground, put your foot
down and insist, calmly and clearly, that the
bully leave you alone. You can even practise what to say beforehand so that it sounds right, and
having said your piece, walk away. Such simple behaviour (along with ignoring taunts, etc) can
eventually stop bullies because they are just not getting the reaction they want from you.
Remember, bullies bully more than one victim. If you speak out against a bully, many other
people will support you, either because they simply think you are right or because they too have
been bullied.

Quick Quiz: Read the clues below and write the solutions on a piece of paper. Then take the
first letter of each answer and rearrange them to find the hidden word connected with this
Talking Point.

1. __________ through chat-rooms, emails and mobile phones is becoming increasingly
common.
2. Boys will bully both boys and girls, whereas girls tend to bully girls __________ than boys.
3. It is important to remember that bullying takes place in certain __________ more than others.
4. Bullies are __________ to pick on a person who is at the centre of a group of friends.
5. If you speak out against a bully, many other people will support you, __________ because
they simply think you are right or because they too have been bullied.

( For more practice on this Lesson Go to watch the YouTube videos your teacher has selected for you!!!)


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A pet peeve (or pet hate) is a minor annoyance that an individual identifies as
particularly annoying to him or her, to a greater degree than others may find it.

Annoying Things
1. What annoys you about living where you live now?
2. What annoys you about taking trains to work?
3. What annoys you about driving a car?
4. What annoys you most about living at home with your family?
5. Do you think you have habits that annoy other people?
6. Does it annoy you when people kiss in public?
7. Do you get annoyed when someone cuts in front of you when you are
waiting in line?
8. What are some new pet peeves you have as a result of recent
technology (i.e. cell phone use)?
9. What annoying habits does your best friend have?
10. Does smoking bother you?
11. Do you get annoyed when other people display bad manners? Give
some examples.
12. What is the most annoying thing for you?
13. What is the most annoying thing about your partner?
14. Do you annoy people with some of your habits?
15. What is something that your parents do that annoy you?
16. Can annoying someone be a good thing?
17. If something is annoying you, what do you usually do?
18. What are some things that annoy you that don't annoy your best friend?
19. How do you change annoying habits
20. What are some things that car drivers do that annoy you?
21. Can you think of some things children do that annoy adults around
them?
22. What does pet peeve mean?
23. What is your pet peeve?
24. Does it annoy you when people don't use the right punctuation?
25. What kind of people annoy you?
26. Who is the most annoying person you know? Why?
27. How do you inform someone they are being annoying
28. Do you think other people find you annoying? Why?
29. Who is the most annoying celebrity? Why?
30. Which is more annoying, being caught in the rain without an umbrella, or
finding out you don't have enough money to pay for something you really
need?
31. Is there anything about your teacher that annoys you? What will you do about
it?


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Not only foreigners, but also native speakers have their problems with the English
language. Quite often, teachers despair when reading their pupils texts. Most mistakes
are made when words are pronounced the same, e.g. their/there, its/its etc.
When worse comes to worse, some students simply shorten their texts to SMS. This is
what a 12-year-old Schottish girl in her 7th year did in her composition about her last
holiday.
How good is your SMS English? Try to read the text below.
My smmr hols wr CWOT.
B4, we usd 2 go 2 NY 2C my bro, his GF & thr 3 :-@ kds FTF.
ILNY, its gr8.
Bt my Ps wr so {:-/ BC o 9/11 tht they dcdd 2 stay in SCO & spnd 2wks up N.
Up N, WUCIWUG - 0.
I ws vvv brd in MON.
0 bt baas & ^^^^^.
AAR8, my Ps wr :-) - they sd ICBW, & tht they wr ha-p 4 the pc&qt...
IDTS!!
I wntd 2 go hm ASAP, 2C my M8s again.
2day, I cam bk 2 skool.
I feel v O:-) BC I hv dn all my hm wrk.
Now its BAU ...

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We all know what "bad words" are. Unlike most other language rules, we learn about
swearwords and how to use them without any real study or classroom instruction. Even
very young children know which words are naughty, although they don't always know
exactly what those words mean.
But swearwords aren't quite as simple as they seem. They're paradoxical -- saying them
is taboo in nearly every culture, but instead of avoiding them as with other taboos,
people use them. Most associate swearing with being angry or frustrated, but people
swear for a number of reasons and in a variety of situations. Swearing also serves
multiple purposes in social interactions. Not only that, your brain treats swear words
differently than it treats other words.
- Watch now the YouTube video what is your favorite curse word ? + FUCK

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Fines For Swearing, Are You F&*King Serious?
This year the Victorian government plans to introduce laws that will give power to
police to handout on-the-spot fines to people who swear or use offensive language. If
this legislation is successful police could fine people up to $240 for saying words that
they think are indecent, disorderly, offensive or threatening.
Excuse the French but this really is a load of shit. This law is extremely subjective.
There is no actual definition of what constitutes a swear word. Not only this but it gives
the police complete power to decide what they find offensive and hand out fines based
on this alone. So watch out if youre pissing a cop off and happen to let one slip, you
may cop a fine.
Furthermore a cop doesnt have to travel far to find places where this so-called
offensive language is used, how about an AFL football match, the local TAB or driving
through peak hour traffic. A quick walk through one of these places and boom the
Victorian government has a nice increase in its revenue for the month.
This law is ridiculous, I do agree that swearing in public places isnt ideal but its an
expression of how someone is feeling and we live in a democratic society thats
supposed to work towards upholding our rights to free speech no matter what.
Furthermore if someone is behaving in a manner that is indecent, disorderly, offensive
or threatening they probably need to be arrested in the first place and an on-the-spot fine
isnt going to do much to stop their behavior in the short term. The legislation will be
introduced to Parliament later this year, with the new powers to take effect by
2011.What does everyone else think ?

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What is your biggest goal in life?
How do you plan to achieve that goal?
What are your "short term" goals?
What are your "long term" goals?
Should parents help their children set goals?
What are your educational goals?
What are your career goals?
What are your financial goals?
Why are goals important?
Is having a goal in life effective in becoming successful?
Is having a goal helpful in motivating a person?
Do you think people have fewer goals as they get older?
Do you have any goals that you feel are unrealistic?
How do people's goals change from country to country?
What are your goals in your current job?
What are the main differences between male and female goals?
Which of your goals have you already achieved?
How would you feel if you failed to achieve any of your goals?
Do you think it's a good idea to write your goals down and tick them off as you
achieve them?
How important are goals to you?

What is good behavior?
What is bad behavior?
What should you do with a child who has very bad behavior?
Should some parent give medicine to their children to calm them down?
What is the right behavior to use in a restaurant? At school? At a party?
Would you teach your child to "hit back" at school if somebody hits them?
Can bad behavior lead to crime?
How should we punish children who commit crimes?
Should parents be held responsible for their children's behavior?

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What do you usually do on the
weekends? What did you do last
weekend? Do you have plans for
this weekend?
What kind of music do you like? Is
there any kind of music that you
can't stand?
What types of music do people
listen to in your country? Is there
any type of music that you can
only hear in your country?
How popular is live music in your
country? When was the last time
you went to a concert or live show?
How many different movie genres
can you name? Which is your
favorite? Least favorite?
What's the last movie you saw?
When did you see it? What was it
about? Did you like it?
Which American movies have
been popular in your country?
How often do you visit museums?
When was the last time you went to
a museum?
What do you do for entertainment
when you're on vacation that you
don't usually do?
Do you like to gamble? When was
the last time you were in a casino?
Did you win or did you lose?
When was the last time you went
to a play? What about an opera, a
symphony, or a ballet?
How much do you like to dance?
When was the last time you went
dancing? Did you enjoy yourself?
How often do you drink? What's
your favorite drink? Where do you
usually drink it?
How often do you go to parties?
Have you ever hosted a party?
What was it like?
What's the worst party you've ever
been to? What made it bad?
Would you rather go to a bar, a
party, or a nightclub? Why?
How often do you eat in a
restaurant? What's the best
restaurant you've ever been
to? What's the best cheap
restaurant you've ever been to?
Do you have a favorite bar or cafe?
Why do you like it?


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The Democrats' fresh face
First-term Sen. Barack Obama has the charisma and ambition
to run for president, but is he ready to answer the tough
questions? Foremost among them is whether he will run in
2008, and he's not denying it. But the mania surrounding the
Illinois Democrat's book tour is reminiscent of the Colin Powell
mania in 1995, when the general leveraged speculation of a
presidential run into huge book sales.

Poll: Voter interest highest in
decade
POSTED: 9:49 a.m. EDT, October 11, 2006
WASHINGTON (AP) -- Politics is a water-cooler topic, a dinner-table
subject, an issue to discuss after Sunday services, and this year the
interest of American voters is at its highest level in more than a decade.
That renewed attention could translate into higher voter turnout on Nov. 7,
according to an Associated Press-Pew poll.
Seventy percent say they are talking politics with family and friends, and 43
percent are debating the issues at work. Among churchgoers, 28 percent
share their political views, a number that rises to 34 percent among the
congregations in the South.
The relationship with politics is not unrequited.
Americans have heard from the candidates and campaigns through phone
calls, e-mail or one-on-one. In turn, they've participated more in the political
process, attending campaign events, circulating petitions and making
political donations.
"Politics comes up fairly frequently in my workplace," said Christine
Adkinson, an operating room nurse in Lakeland, Florida. "Most of the
physicians are Republicans and some of my fellow nurses, we are mainly
against the war in Iraq and Afghanistan -- we have quite lively
discussions."
Interest driven mainly by Democratic
anger
The high levels of political interest are driven largely by
Democratic anger and optimism that they can win in
November. Republican interest is close to its usual
levels, according to the poll of 1,804 adults, including
1,503 registered voters.
The survey was conducted September 21-October 4 by
the Pew Research Center for the People & the Press
and has a margin of error of plus or minus 3 percentage
points.
The war in Iraq and Afghanistan, fears of terrorism and
anxiety that the middle-class dream is slipping away
have drawn intense interest in next month's elections.
"Women are very, very concerned at the direction that
this country is going," said Shannon Hargrove of Fort
Worth, Texas, who talks politics frequently with her
friends. "A lot of us have sons that are the age to
participate in the wars, and we have daughters and sons
that are of the age that are trying to find jobs, and that's
very difficult."
The poll also found:
Almost two-thirds oppose replacing voting at the polling place with voting
by mail, but a majority favors allowing the option to vote by mail.
14 percent of voters who plan to vote say they plan to vote early. Those
50 and over, who live in cities, and have more education and higher
incomes were most likely to vote early.
Three-fourths have seen or heard campaign ads, and the more ads they
have seen, the more the likelihood they will vote.
Becky Mayer of Waverly, Tennessee, votes in spite of political advertising.
"The political ads are awful," she said. "My mother taught me if you don't
have nothing nice to say, don't say nothing."
But Mayer hasn't lost faith that a politician someday will earn her vote.
"Somebody, somewhere will come along and be for the people," she said.
"I keep hoping."


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What do you think ???

- LETS WATCH A VIDEO TO SEE IF YOU WERE RIGHT -


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- LETS WATCH A VIDEO


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Have you ever appreciated a sunset?
o Were you alone or with someone special?
Have you ever been a guest at a surprise party?
o Has anyone ever thrown a surprise party for you?
Have you ever been in a fist fight?
Have you ever been on TV?
Have you ever been to a theatre? (Also spelling "theater.")
Have you ever broken a bone?
Have you ever broken up with someone?
Has someone ever broken up with you?
Have you ever called your boyfriend or girlfriend by the wrong name?
Have you ever called your girlfriend/boyfriend "Honey?"
Have you ever changed your appearance a lot in a short time? (For example, hair
style, hair color or weight)
Have you ever cheated on an exam?
Have you ever cried in public and embarrassed yourself?
o Have you ever cried for no reason and felt good because of it?
Have you ever dated someone from another race, culture or religion?
o Have you ever dated someone who didn't like you?
o
o Have you ever dated a relative by accident?
Have you ever done something silly that you wish you had not done?
Have you ever driven a sports car?
o Have you ever driven a truck?
Have you ever eaten in a restaurant and realized you have no money with you?
Have you ever finished eating in a restaurant, and you realized you forgot your
wallet?
Have you ever eaten something that you thought you wouldn't like, but found
out that you actually liked it?
Have you ever eaten frog legs?
o Have you ever eaten horse meat?
o Have you ever eaten French food? (Substitute other countries' food, too.)
Have you ever fallen asleep and forgotten where you were?
Have you ever fallen asleep while taking a bath?
Have you ever fallen down the stairs?
Have you ever fallen in love at first sight?
Have you ever fallen or stumbled in front of others.
Have you ever forgotten your mother's birthday?
o ... father's
o ... girlfriend's
o ... boyfriend's
o ... husband's
o ... wife's
Have you ever given a false excuse to get out of something you didn't want to
do? If so, tell us about it.
Have you ever given a ring (or other jewelry) to your girlfriend/boyfriend?

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Have you ever gone mountain climbing?
Have you ever gone skiing?
Have you ever gone surfing?
Have you ever dreamt of a ghost being in your bedroom and then waking up and
finding yourself looling around for the ghost?
Have you ever gone to greet a friend or family member then noticed it was
someone else?
Have you ever gotten sunburnt at the tanning saloon and gone back the next
day?
Have you ever had a Deja Vu experience?
Have you ever made cheesecake?
o Have you ever made Chinese food?
o Have you ever baked bread?
Have you ever met a celebrity?
Have you ever played a joke on one of your teachers?
o How about one of your classmates?
Have you ever raised your hand to answer a question, then forgot what you were
going to say?
Have you ever received a present that you really hated?
o What was it?
o Why did you hate it?
o Who gave it to you?
Have you ever regretted saying I love you?
Have you ever ridden a horse?
Have you ever ridden a motorcycle?
Have you ever said yes when you meant no?
If so, tell us about it.
Have you ever slept in a cave?
Have you ever slept in a tent?
Have you ever swam in the ocean?
Have you ever talked to a famous person?
o Who was the person?
o How long did you talk?
o What did you talk about?
Have you ever thought of something funny and started laughing out loud in the
presence of others?
Have you ever told a big lie to someone you love?
Have you ever tried in-line skating?
Have you ever tried riding a skateboard?
Have you ever guessed someone's age wrong (younger or older)? How did the
person respond?
Have you ever been in the shower when there was an earthquake?
Have you ever ripped off your pants while dancing?
Have you ever kissed somebody by mistake?
Have you ever laughed until tears came from your eyes?
Have you ever fallen asleep while talking on the phone?
Have you ever sprained your ankle/wrist? How did it happen?
Have you ever written an article for a newspaper?

51
o If so, when was it and what was the article about?
Have you ever seen a car accident?
Have you ever called your school's principal?
Have you ever received more than 10 cards on Valentines day?
Have you ever been on the radio or television?
Have you ever ridden on an ostrich? A camel? A cow?
Have you ever shaken hands with a monkey?
Have you ever received a love letter?
Have you ever seen a tornado?
Have you ever had an electricity blackout while taking a shower?
Have you ever picked you're nose in public?
Have you ever seen a car accident?
Have you ever called your school's principal?
Have you ever been on the radio? T.V?
Have you ever ridden on an ostrich?
Have you ever shaken hands with a monkey?
Have you ever received a love letter?
Have you ever seen a tornado?
Have you ever milked a cow?
Have you ever built an igloo?
Have you ever tried any extreme sports?
Have you ever shot a gun at a tree or a target?
Have you ever played an instrument in public?
Have you ever sang in public?
Have you ever talked "baby-talk" to your pet?
Have you ever given special nicknames to your pet that were completely
different than their first given name?
Have you ever kept special treats for your pet?
Have you ever kept a special blanket or bed for your pet to sleep on?
Have you ever let your pet sleep in or on your bed with you?
Have you ever walked into a lamppost?
Have you ever wondered why some people want to be alone but never seem to
be lonely? Why do you think this is so?
Have you ever tried to eat food without first spitting out your chewing gum?
Have you ever saved a piece of chewed chewing gum and started chewing it
again later?
Have you ever called a 'he' she or a 'she' a 'he?' What was the response?
Have you ever called a women sir or a
Man "ma'am?"
Have you ever asked a woman when
she was "due" and she wasn't even
pregnant?


52

Think about these questions :
1. Why is it important to have health insurance?
2. What are the two types of health insurance
plan mentioned in the recording, and what
are the advantages and disadvantages of
each?
3. What are the names and services of different
health insurance companies can you find
online, and which appears to be the best
option for you?
Obtaining good health insurance while you are studying overseas is a real
necessity to protect you from minor and catastrophic medical expenses
that can wipe out not only your savings, but you dreams of an education
abroad.
There are often two different types of health insurance you can consider
buying: internationl travel insurance and student insurance in the country
where you will be going. An international travel insurance policy is usually
purchased in your home country before you go abroad. It generally covers
a wide variety of medical services, and you are often given a list of
doctors in the area where you will travel who may even speak your native
language. The drawback might be that you aren't reinbursed for your
medical expenses immediately. In other words, you may have to pay all
your medical expenses and then later submit your receipts to the
insurance company.
On the other hand, getting student health insurance in the country where
you will study might allow you to only pay a certain percentage of the
medical cost at the time of service (commonly called a co-pay), and thus,
you don't have to have sufficient cash to pay the entire bill at once.
Whatever you decide, obtaining some form of health insurance is
something you should plan before you go overseas rather than waiting
until you are sick with major medical bills to pay off.


53

The sun is shining

It's drizzling

The wind is blowing

It's raining (The rain is
falling.)

It's hailing

It's pouring (The rain is
pouring down.)

It's snowing (The snow is
falling.)

It's thundering
Using adjectives to describe the weather

Sweltering = It's sweltering.
or It's a sweltering day.

Freezing = It's freezing.
or It's a freezing day.

Warm = It's warn. or It's a
warm day.

Cold = It's cold, chilly. or
It's a cold day.

Sunny = It's sunny. or It's a
sunny day.

Cloudy = It's cloudy. or
It's a cloudy day.

54

What's your favorite season and why?
Are there any special traditions associated with different season in your country?
Have you ever been caught in bad weather? If so, what did you do?
What crops are produced in which seasons in your country?
Do you think weather patterns are changing? If so, why do you think this is?
Do you have many disasters in you country which are caused by weather?
Do you know any interesting myths or stories about weather?
Do you like snow?
Which do you like better hot weather or cold weather?
Do you have snow in your country? (Do you have hail?)
What month gets the most rain in your country?
o What month gets the most rain around here?)
About how many inches of rain does your hometown get per year?
What's the average temperature in your country in the summer time?
o How about in the winter?
Do you get tornadoes where you are from?
o Do you get typhoons?
o Do you have frost?
Do you think that in recent years we are losing our four distinct seasons?
What kind of climate do you prefer when choosing a place to go on vacation?
What is the best season to get married?
o Can you think of other activities in which one season may be better than another?
What are the seasons?
What is the hottest season?
What is the coldest season?
In your opinion, which season is the most beautiful?
o Which season is the most comfortable for you?
Why do you think spring (or another season) is the most beautiful season?
Have you ever been stranded in a snowstorm? What did you do?
Do you think weather affects the way people feel?
How can extreme weather conditions affect the economy and social life in countries?
Do you think weather patterns are changing?
o If so what do you think is causing these changes?
What are the different kinds of weather?
What is the weather like in your country for each season?
What are the different kinds of weather?
What is the weather like in your country for each season?
How does weather affect your attitude?
o How does weather affect your lifestyle?
What is the relationship between weather and natural disasters?
How to you depend on the weather reports on TV?
How does TV secure weather reports?
Why is it important to know future weather conditions in advanced?
When would knowing tomorrow's weather change you plans?
Have you ever checked the weather for your city on the Internet?
What time of year is the best weather where you live?
Have you ever seen snow?
Have you ever been in a typhoon?
Where do you get your weather information?
What is your favorite winter activity?


55

LISTENING TOEFL Prep FRIDAYS WEATHER REPORT (www.esl-lab.com )

[NOTE: Temperature readings in this quiz are based on the fahrenheit scale
which is used to calculate temperatures in the United States. See approximate
conversions from fahrenheit to celsius.]

1. What was Friday's weather like?
A. fair and humid
B. warm and dry
C. hot and partly cloudy
2. What were the high temperatures for Friday in the
state?
A. 85 to 90 degrees
B. 91 to 95 degrees
C. 96 to 99 degrees
3. What is Saturday evening's weather forecast for the
state?
A. light rain over the entire state
B. heavy showers over the northern part
C. some rain in parts of the state
4. About what time should skies clear on Sunday?
A. around 10:00 AM
B. around 3:00 PM
C. around 6:00 PM
5. What event will occur on Sunday evening?
A. The earth's shadow will cover the moon.
B. Colorful lights will appear in the sky.
C. Shooting stars will be visible.
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56

Airplane travel is one of the most common forms to transportation to get to
overseas destinations, but making plane reservations and buying plane tickets
are only the first steps. You need to know what to do and what to say once you
arrive at the airport. Listen to the words below and consult a dictionary if you
need a definition. Write a sample sentence for each word to learn how it is used
in context.

VOCABULARY
1. aisle
2. aisle seat
3. baggage claim area
4. boarding area
5. boarding pass
6. carry-on luggage
7. cockpit
8. emergency exit
9. flight attendant
10. gate
11. lavatory
12. life jacket
13. metal detector
14. overhead compartment
15. oxygen mask
16. pilot
17. seat belt
18. security checkpoint
19. security officer
20. terminal
21. ticket counter
22. tray table
23. window seat
24. X-ray machine

What are the most important points you look for when choosing an airline for your next
flight? Rank the following points from most to least important: price, destination, length
of flight, on-time record, meals, comfort and seating, and customer service. Then,
choose a destination and compare two different airlines and see which company would
meet your needs best.
Now, complete the sentences below with the best answer:

1. The ___________ will be serving food and beverages after
the plane reaches its cruising altitude.
A. flight attendants
B. pilots
C. security officers

2. After the plane lands, you can pick up your luggage at the
______________.
A. boarding area
B. baggage claim area
C. overhead compartment

3. If the cabin loses pressure during flight, you should put on
your _____________ so you can breathe comfortably.
A. seat belt
B. life jacket
C. oxygen mask

57

LISTENING : AIRPORT ANNOUNCEMENT PLANE FLIGHTS (www.esl-lab.com )

. 1.Who is probably making the announcement?
A. a pilot
B. a flight attendant
C. a ticket agent
D. a ground crew member

2. What is the ultimate destination of the flight?
A. Atlanta
B. Miami
C. Caracas
D. Lima

3. What change has been announced?
A. the flight number
B. the gate number
C. the arrival time
D. the boarding time

4. What are the current weather conditions outside?
A. It's raining.
B. It's cloudy.
C. It's hailing.
D. It's windy.

5. What time will the plane depart?
A. 9:50 AM
B. 12:15 PM
C. 4:05 PM
D. 8:45 PM


58

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59

1. Lets Get Superstitious!
What is it that makes the Irish so lucky? Well, maybe its because of their
traditions. Offer your students some ideas of their own with the following
good luck and bad luck superstitions from the United States. Dont tell
them which should bring bad and which good luck, but let them decide
together in groups. Allow them to offer reasons behind their decisions and
then share the correct answers.
1. Walking under a ladder (bad)
2. Opening an umbrella in the house (bad)
3. Having a black cat cross your path (bad)
4. Carrying a rabbits foot (good)
5. Nailing a horseshoe above the doorway (good)
6. Crossing your fingers (good)
7. Finding a four leafed clover (good)
8. Throwing salt over your left shoulder (good)
9. Stepping on cracks (bad)
10. Breaking a mirror (bad)
Play Some Traditional Irish Music!
St. Patricks Day is a great opportunity to practice some listening and
speaking with an Irish band. If you know anyone who plays Irish music, then
you know that many Irish songs have simple refrains designed for audience
member participation. Invite some live music to your class or use some of
the Irish tunes readily available on the internet and allow your students to
sing along with the refrains, green beer optional.
Popular Song Titles
We all know Irish eyes are smiling, but can your students fill in the blanks of
these popular music titles as they review vocabulary for body parts? Try
playing some or all of the songs and see if they can fill in the blanks.
11. When Irish (eyes) Are Smiling Bing Crosby
12. (Eye) of the Tiger - Survivor
13. Dancing (Cheek) to (Cheek) - Fred Astaire
14. Put your (Arms) Around Me Natasha Bedingfield
15. Hold your (Head) Up Argent
16. Cant (Smile) Without You Barry Manilow
17. Let Your (Hair) Down The Temptations


60

Directions:
Read the words in the list below. Use two words from the list to make one
compound word. See how many words you can make in _____ minutes. The
person with the most words (that are correct) wins!

GRAND SPACE DOOR SHAKE ROOM
AIR HALF BROAD FATHER SOFT
BOARD BOAT IN WALK OUT
BELL MOTHER HAND PLANE MILK
STEAM SUIT MATE BALL WAY

____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________
____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________
____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________
____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________
____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________
____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________
____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________
____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________


61


62


63


64


65

LET IT BE The Beatles

When I find myself in times of trouble
___________________________
Speaking words of wisdom, let it be.

__________________________
She is standing right in front of me

Let it be, let it be,
Whisper words of wisdom, let it be.

And when ___________________________
Living in the world agree,
________________________, let it be.

For though they may be parted there is
______________________________________________
There will be an answer, let it be.

Let it be, let it be. Yeah

________________________________________
There is still a light that shines on me,
_____________________________________

________________________________________
Mother Mary comes to me,

Let it be, let it be.


Let it be, let it be,
______________________________________, let it be.

Let it be, let it be.



66

McDonald's: The Rap (YOUTUBE)
Sittin' on the couch with the morning post
With a cold cup of coffee and some boring toast
Thinkin' I'm-a change it up, yeah that's always fun
What you reckon, Remz? A McDonald's run
So we hit the couch cushions, need some dollars, friend
Yo, I found a five. Man, that's Canadian.
How 'bout a loonie? A twonie? A spoon or The Goonies?
Oh, it's 10:25. Dude, you gotta move, G.
Got the cash, got the car, got the pedal to the floor
Speed limit's 25, but I'm doing 34
Going drive-thru style, man it's fast express
You can call it trans fat, I call it happiness
Roll up to the teller fella with a minute to spare
Frenchy with a headset, "can I take your order?"
A McGriddle with a little sweet and sour there, son
A McMuffin, then be stuffin' muffins up in my trunk
Then a tray or two of hotcakes, man I can't decide, uh...
All's I know is hit them things with Aunt Jemimah
How 'bout an egg fajita for some Texas flavor
No drama but my momma wants a breakfast bagel
Don't forget my #4, or there'll be hell to spend
And I want them eggs poached like an elephant
Frenchy back on the line, "is that all your order?"
No it ain't, fool, I want a Coca-Cola!
Get my cup of Coke and I'm-a start a riot
Cuz on the cup lid, dude depressed the "diet"
Check his shirt tag, and I catch the name
Brian, I ain't tryin' to drink aspartame
Sittin' on the couch, 'bout an hour later
Pickin' at a pouch of some Now n' Laters
Hardly starving, man, but I find a hunch
Start the car up fast because it's time for lunch
It just takes two bucks and I get what I need
Two beef patties, special sauce, lettuce, cheese
"Supersize Me" said he's had enough of it
But how is it bad for my heart if I'm in love with it?
If you never had McDonald's, heck, well dude you should
It's a party, like a Hardee's, except the food is good
Just don't get a large #2, I plead with you friend
Cuz it'll be a large #2 when you see it again
Enter the store, first you holla, then you
Pick a couple items off the dollar menu
Four hot McNuggets, dessert with custard
Mix the sweet n' sour with a squirt of mustard.
A Big Mac attack, you can max the lettuce
Paying ain't a pain, they take cash or credit
Want a water? You can pay up there for spring
Or get the free Grimace cup--how embarassing
They say, "you're playing with a cardiac arrest, my boy"
Only thing bad for my heart's when they forget my toy
Now I'm-a have a milkshake, but before you rant
It's made of shamrocks--now that's a plant
People say it's bad, but I don't believe them
McDonald's is peace--just ask Tom Friedman
Momma catch me with a 'zine, and she's screaming "stop!
Don't you worry, Mom, it's just my man Ray Kroc

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67
We all know those famous golden arches, the Big Mac and the strawberry
milkshake. But when did McDonalds begin, how many restaurants does it have,
and why is Jim Delligati important? Read more to find out.
McDonalds is the largest and best-known global food service retailer with
more than 26,000 restaurants in 119 countries.

The companys vision is to be the worlds best fast food restaurant experience -
best in quality, service, cleanliness and value - so that every customer in every
restaurant smiles.
To achieve this vision McDonalds has three strategies:
to be the best employer
to deliver excellence to their customers
to achieve profitable growth by expanding the brand through innovation and
technology

The man behind the idea
Ray Kroc was a 52-year-old American salesman who was the exclusive
distributor of a milk-shake maker called the Multimixer.
The story begins...
Ray had heard about Dick and Mac McDonalds hamburger restaurant in
California, where they had 8 Multimixers. When he got there Ray was amazed
by how so many people were served so quickly. Ray saw an opportunity there
and approached the McDonald brothers with the idea of opening a few more
restaurants with the same food and service. The idea was that Ray could then
sell Multimixers to each one. So Ray went into partnership with the McDonald
brothers and the first new McDonalds restaurant was opened in 1955 in Des
Plaines, Illinois, USA. The restaurant is now a McDonalds museum.
In 1965 McDonalds went public on the stock exchange. A hundred shares
bought on that day costing $2,250 would now be worth over $2.8 million!
The Big Mac was introduced in 1968 by Jim Delligati, a franchisee who
operated a dozen restaurants in Pittsburgh. In 1979 the Happy Meal was
created to make childrens visits more special, and now there are clubs all over
the world that collect the toys and boxes.
In 1994, 15,000 people queued up on the opening day of Kuwait Citys
McDonalds. The drive-thru line was seven miles long.

For more information on McDonalds visit www.mcdonalds.com


68

WEIGHTLIFTING VIDEO CLIP
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LMuXLfqFNbg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LMuXLfqFNbg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LMuXLfqFNbg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LMuXLfqFNbg
Script Script Script Script
MORTY: Izzy Mandelbaum. He's eighty years old, but strong as an ox strong as an ox strong as an ox strong as an ox. (pointing) Watch this.
(Izzy picks up a set of weights and lifts them chest high.)
MORTY: See that? You couldn't do that.
JERRY: I could, but I choose not to.
(Another guy enters behind the Seinfelds. He walks over to an exercise bike and climbs aboard).
SID: Hey Morty. (nodding nodding nodding nodding toward Jerry) Who's this?
MORTY: This is my son Jerry, from New York. (leaning toward Sid) He thinks he can lift more than
Izzy.
JERRY: (protesting) I..I didn't say that.
SID: (calling over) Hey, Izzy, this kid says he can lift more than you can.
(Izzy looks over. He releases his grip grip grip grip on the weights and they drop to the floor with a clunk clunk clunk clunk.)
IZZY: Your kid's pretty funny, Morty. Should be a comedian comedian comedian comedian.
JERRY: (smiles) Actually, I am a comedian comedian comedian comedian.
SID: That's not so funny.
IZZY: (challenging) Think you're better than me, huh?
MORTY: Izzy used to work out with Charles Atlas in the fifties.
JERRY: (jocular) Eighteen-fifties?
IZZY: Yeah, that's it. It's go time It's go time It's go time It's go time. (points to the weights he put down) Let's see you lift that.
JERRY: (reluctant) Mr Mandelbaum, I...
IZZY: C'mon, c'mon. Pump it Pump it Pump it Pump it!

69
JERRY: (consenting) Alright.
IZZY: Yeah, wrong attitude. you're not bringing that trash trash trash trash into my house.
(Jerry walks over and picks the weights up easily.)
JERRY: There. Alright?
IZZY: Step aside, string bean string bean string bean string bean.
(Jerry puts down the weights, and rolls them out of the way. Izzy steps in front of a much, much,
more substantial set of weights.)
IZZY: I'll show you. We're gonna take it up a notch take it up a notch take it up a notch take it up a notch.
(Izzy bends and takes hold of the bar. The second he puts any effort into the lift, there is a loud
crunching noise and a pained look of horror comes to his face.)
IZZY: (agonised) Ah! My back. Ugh.
(Izzy keeps hold of the bar as he slowly keels over keels over keels over keels over forwards. The circular weights roll in front of
him and Izzy gently falls forward until he's face down on the floor.)
IZZY: (drawn out) Aaaahh.
(Jerry, Morty and Sid, look on, concerned.)
SID: Somebody, call an ambulance.
MORTY: (unpanicked) There's already an ambulance here for Mrs Glickman. There's room for one
more.


70

Vocabulary Vocabulary Vocabulary Vocabulary
clunk clunk clunk clunk
A thump; a dull sound
When Max fell, he hit the floor with
a loud clunk.

comedian comedian comedian comedian
an entertainer whose purpose is to
make his audience laugh.
The comedian was very funny. I
couldnt stop laughing the entire
night.
grip grip grip grip
a firm hold
Max kept a firm grip on the suitcase
full of money.
it's go time it's go time it's go time it's go time
it's time to show what you can do;
it's time to show what you're made
of.
Are you guys ready? It's go time!
Let's give everything we've got.
keel over keel over keel over keel over
to collapse; to fall over
Max walked for two days straight
until he finally keeled over.
nod nod nod nod
to draw attention to someone or
something by moving one's head
Max nodded toward the person
coming in the room.
pump it pump it pump it pump it
lift weights (often pump iron)
OK Max it's your turn to lift the
weights. Pump it!
string bean string bean string bean string bean
a tall and skinny person
Joe's girlfriend Mary is short and
fat, but Joe is a string bean.
strong as an ox strong as an ox strong as an ox strong as an ox
very strong
Don't worry. Joe can lift that box.
He's as strong as an ox.
take it up a notch take it up a notch take it up a notch take it up a notch
to raise the level of performance; to
raise standards.
Our sales performance has been
pretty good, but it's time to take it
up a notch.
trash trash trash trash
rubbish, waste; anything bad or
worthless (in this case Jerry's
attitude).
None of that trash around here! In
this classroom you are going to
work hard and be happy about it.


71

THE SCREENER VIDEO CLIP

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0TKDAVCS11w
Script Script Script Script
KRAMER: It's all big business.. Oh hey, Jerry just walked in. Hi, George. (resumes resumes resumes resumes talking on the
phone) Yeah, yeah yeah, yeah, take my number - it's 555-8643. Okay, here he is. (hands phone
to Jerry.)
JERRY: (to Kramer) Who is it?
KRAMER: Take it.
JERRY: Who is it?
KRAMER: It's for you.
JERRY: (into phone) Hello? Oh, hi Joel. (Jerry hits Kramer with a magazine.) .. No. I was out of
town. I just got back. Kramer doesn't know anything. He's just my next-door neighbor. Uh,
nothing much, Tuesday? Uh, Tuesday, no. I'm meeting somebody. Uh, Wednesday? Wednesday's
OK. Alright. Uh, I'm a little busy right now. Can we talk Wednesday morning? OK... yeah... right...
thanks... bye. (hangs up, then addresses addresses addresses addresses Kramer) Why did you put me on the phone with him? I
hate just being handed a phone.
KRAMER: Well, it's your phone. He wanted to talk to you.
JERRY: Maybe I didn't want to talk to him.
KRAMER: Well, why not?
JERRY: He bothers bothers bothers bothers me. I don't even answer the phone anymore because of him. He's turned me
into a screener screener screener screener. Now I gotta gotta gotta gotta see him on Wednesday.
GEORGE: What do you mean Wednesday? I thought we had tickets to the Knick game Wednesday.
We got seats behind the bench! What happened? We're not going?
JERRY: We're going. That's next Wednesday.
GEORGE: Oh. Who is this guy?
JERRY: His name is Joel Horneck. He lived like three houses down from me when I grew up. He
had a Ping Pong table. We were friends. Should I suffer suffer suffer suffer the rest of my life because I like to play
Ping Pong? I was ten. I would've been friends with Stalin if he had a Ping Pong table.

72
Vocabulary Vocabulary Vocabulary Vocabulary
address address address address
to speak to
The politician addressed the United Nations General Assembly about the
matter.
bother bother bother bother
to disturb or annoy
Where's that flyswatter? This fly is really bothering me.
gotta gotta gotta gotta
contraction of got to (to be required to)
Tell Max that he's gotta study every night if he wants to pass the exam.
resume resume resume resume
to start doing something again after a pause
We will resume taking the test after a short break.
screen (calls) screen (calls) screen (calls) screen (calls)
to find out the identity of the caller or the purpose of the call before possibly answering or returning the
call (screener someone who screens his calls)
Mary is screening calls. If you want to talk to her, be sure to leave a
message.
suffer suffer suffer suffer
to experience something unpleasant or painful
Too many people around the world are suffering from diseases because
they cannot afford the medicine that is available.
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73

Read Cathys comic strip and answer questions 1 and 2.
(Source: www.ucomics.com)

1. Why does Cathy complain to the saleswoman in panels 2 and 3?

(a) The saleswoman gave Cathy the wrong clothes.
(b) The saleswoman did not recognize and respect Cathy as a professional.
(c) Cathy is jealous of men, because they are taken seriously at work.
(d) Cathy criticizes the fashion trend that makes women wear sexy outfits to work.
(e) Cathy is a feminist and dislikes underwear, especially bras, since they symbolize mens
attempt to control womens bodies.

2. How do the saleswomen react to Cathys complaint?

(a) They are surprised and outraged at her exasperation.
(b) They are exhilarated because they, too, feel oppressed by men.
(c) They get excited, but only because they misunderstood Cathys suggestion.
(d) They decide to embarrass Cathy for revenge.
(e) They promptly bring Cathy the shoes she ordered.

Read Calvin and Hobbess comic strip and answer the question under it.

(Source: Calvin and Hobbes by www.ucomics.com)
How does Hobbes (the tiger) react to Calvins suggestion?
(a) He agrees with it, and suggests alternative combat methods for superheroes.
(b) He agrees, and uses personification to humanize superheroes.
(c) He is excited, and brainstorms possible ways the down-to-earth superheroes could act.
(d) He disagrees, and uses sarcasm to ridicule Calvins suggestion.
(e) He disagrees, but he pretends to agree so Calvins feelings do not get hurt.


74

Here is more pronunciation.
Ration never rhymes with nation,
Say prefer, but preferable,
Comfortable and vegetable.
B must not be heard in doubt,
Debt and dumb both leave it out.
In the words psychology,
Psychic, and psychiatry,
You must never sound the p.
Psychiatrist you call the man
Who cures the complex, if he can.
In architect chi is k
In arch it is the other way.
Please remember to say iron
So that it'll rhyme with lion.
Advertisers advertise,
Advertisements will put you wise.
Time when work is done is leisure,
Fill it up with useful pleasure.
Accidental, accident,
Sound the g in ignorant.
Relative, but relation,
Then say creature, but creation.
Say the a in gas quite short,
Bought remember rhymes with thwart,
Drought must always rhyme with bout,
In daughter leave the gh out.
Wear a boot upon your foot.
Root can never rhyme with soot.
In muscle, sc is s,
In muscular, it's sk, yes!
Choir must always rhyme with wire,
That again will rhyme with liar.
Then remember it's address.
With an accent like posses.
G in sign must silent be,
In signature, pronounce the g.
Please remember, say towards
Just as if it rhymed with boards.
Weight's like wait, but not like height.
Which should always rhyme with
might.
Sew is just the same as so,
Tie a ribbon in a bow.
When You meet the queen you bow,
Which again must rhyme with how.
In perfect English make a start.
Learn this little rhyme by heart.
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75

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76

1. People attend school for many different reasons (for example, expanded
knowledge, societal awareness, and enhanced interpersonal relationships).
Why do you think people decide to go to school? Use specific reasons and
examples to support your answer.
2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Coaches are the
best teachers. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
3. Nowadays, with the invention of the microwave and with the popularity of
fast food restaurants, food has become easier to prepare than ever. Do you
think microwave ovens and fast food restaurants are beneficial to society? Use
specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
4. It has been said, "Not all learning takes place in the classroom." Compare
and contrast knowledge gained from personal experience with knowledge
gained from classroom instruction. In your opinion, which source is more
important? Why?
5. Your government has announced that it wishes to build a military base near
your community. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this new
influence on your community. Do you support or oppose the military base?
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77

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78

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79

The Unforgiven
Metallica

New _______________joins this earth
and quikly he's subdued
through _______________pain disgrace
the young boy _______________their rules
with time the child draws
_______________
this whipping boy done _______________
deprived of _______________his thoughts
the young man struggles on and on he's
_______________
a vow unto _______________own
that never from this _______________
his will they'll take _______________
what I've felt
what I've known
never _______________through in what
I've shown
never be, never see
won't see what might
_______________been
what I've felt
what I've known
never shined through in what I've shown
never free, _______________me
so I dub thee unforgiven
they dedicate their _______________
to running _______________of his
he tries to please them all

this bitter _______________he is
throughout his life the _______________
he's battled constantly
_______________fight he cannot win
a tired man they see no longer
_______________
the _______________man then prepares
to die regretfully
that old _______________here is me
what I've felt
what I've known
never be
never see
won't see what might have been
what I've felt
what I've known
never free
never me
so I dub thee unforgiven
you labeled _______________
I'll label _______________
so I _______________thee unforgiven


80

My Way
Frank Sinatra

And now the _________________is near
And so I _______________the final curtain
_______________friend, I'll say it clear
I'll state my case of which I'm
_______________
I've _______________a life that's full
I've travelled each and
_______________highway
and _______________, much more than
this
I did it my way
Regrets I've _______________a few
But then again too _______________to
mention
I did _______________I had to do
And saw it through
_______________exemption
I planned _______________chartered
course
_______________careful step along the by-
way
And more, much _______________than
this
I did it my _______________
_______________, there were times
I'm sure _______________knew
When I bit off more than I
_______________chew

But through it all _______________there
was doubt
I ate it up _______________spit it out
I faced it all
And I _______________tall
And did it my way
I've loved, I've laughed, and
_______________
I've had my _______________, my share of
losing
And now, as tears _______________
I _______________it all so amusing
To think I did _______________that
And may I say, not in a shy
_______________
"Oh no, oh _______________, not me
I did it my way"
For what is a _______________, what has
he got?
If not himself then he has
_______________
To _______________the things he truly
feels
And not the _______________of one who
kneels
_______________record shows I took the
blows
And _______________it my way
_______________, it was my way


81

after the recipe
depois da receita
cook
cozinhe
cook / prepare a
dish
cozinhe / prepare um
prato
Cookery/Recipe
book
Cookery/Recipe
reservam
dish
prato
bake
cozedura
bake (in the oven)
asse (no forno)
baked fish
peixe assado
baking powder
p assando
baste
alinhave
be hot
esteja quente
beat eggs
ovos de batida
boil
ferva
brew
bebida fermentada
broil
grelhe
bubbles
bolhas
castor sugar
acar de castor
chop
golpe
condensed milk
leite condensado
cream
nata
cream cakes
ponha creme em
bolos
crush out the
juice
esmague fora o suco
cut
corte
dip
mergulho
dough
massa
dress the salad
vista a salada
dried milk
leite secado
fat
gordura
ferment
fermento
fillet of fish
filete de peixe
fizz
assobio
fried fillet of pork
filete frito de carne de
porco
fry
fritura
garni
garni
ginger bread
anime po
grate
grelha
grill (GB) /
barbecue (US)
grelhe (GB) /
churrasco (o EUA)
hash
guisado
heaped spoonful
colherada amontoada
heat
calor

COOKING VOCABULARY BASED
ON THE MOVIE : RATATOUILLE


82
icing
icing
ingredients
ingredientes
kipper
Um tipo de salmo
lard
banha
larded
lardeado c/ banha
liver balls
Bolas de figado
lump sugar
acar mascavo
mayonnaise
maionese
mince
pique
mould
modele
newly-baked
recentemente-assado
omelet
omelete
pancakes
panquecas
peel
casca
pinch of salt
pitada de sal
(plaited) tea loaf
(entranou) po de
ch
poppy-seed roll
rolo de papoula-
semente
pour
Despejar devagar
render
faa
rise
elevao
roast
assado
roast meat hash
asse guisado de carne
roast pork and
cabbage
asse carne de porco e
repolho
roll out
enrolar
rot
putrefao
salad
salada
salad dressing
molho de salada
saut
refogue
scale a fish
descamar um peixe
scrambled eggs
ovos mexidos
semolina pudding
pudim de semolina
simmer
chie
skin
pele
slice
fatia
smoke
fumaa
smoked fish
peixe fumado
soft-boiled eggs
ovos pouco cozidos
spice, season
tempere, estao
spread butter on
esparrame manteiga
em
stale
passado
steam
vapor
steaming hot
cozinhando em vapor
quente
stew
guisado
stir
movimento
stone
pedra
strain
tenso
stuffed chicken
galinha enchida
stuffing
enchendo
sweet / dessert
docemente /
sobremesa
tripe soup
sopa grossa
veal stew
guisado de carne de
vitela
well-baked
bem-assado
whisk whites
bata brancos
white
branco
with a dash of
Com uma pitada de
yolk
Gema de ovo

Verbs which take an object are usually called
transitive verbs. Verbs which do not take an object
are usually called intransitive verbs.

Many English verbs can be used either intransitively or
transitively. For instance, in the sentence Most birds
can fly, the verb to fly is intransitive, since it is used
without an object. But in the sentence This pilot will
fly the plane, the verb to fly is transitive, since it takes
the object plane.

However, some English verbs can be used only
intransitively. A few pairs of verbs should be noted.
The two verbs of each pair have similar meanings, but
one of the verbs can take an object, and the other
cannot. In the following table, the verbs labeled
intransitive are those which cannot take an object.
Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle
Transitive: to lay laid laid
Intransitive: to lie lay lain

Transitive: to raise raised raised
Intransitive: to rise rose risen

Transitive: to set set set
Intransitive: to sit sat sat

Particular care must be taken not to confuse the verbs
to lay and to lie, since, as shown above, the Simple
Past of the verb to lie has the same form as the bare
infinitive of the verb to lay.

a. To Lay and To Lie

To lay is a transitive verb, which can take an object.
The following examples illustrate the use of the
Present Continuous, Simple Past, and Present Perfect
tenses of the verb to lay. The verbs are underlined,
and the objects of the verbs are printed in bold type.
e.g. I am laying the table.
He laid a bet on the white horse.
The hen has laid an egg.

To lie is an intransitive verb, which cannot take an
object. The following examples illustrate the use of the
tenses of the verb to lie.
e.g. She is lying on the sofa.
We lay on the beach in the sun.
He has lain in bed for a week.

In these examples, it might appear that the words
sofa, beach, and bed act as objects of the verb to lie.
However, this is not the case.

Not only verbs, but also prepositions have the ability
to take objects. A few commonly used English
prepositions are at, by, for, from, in, of, on, to and
with. Prepositions will be discussed in detail in a later
chapter.

In the examples above, sofa, and beach are objects of
the preposition on; and bed is the object of the
preposition in

b. To Raise and To Rise

To raise is a transitive verb, which can take an object.
tenses of the verb to raise. The verbs are underlined,
e.g. She is raising poodles.
He raised the window.
They have raised a crop of wheat.

To rise is an intransitive verb, which cannot take an
tenses of the verb to rise.
e.g. The moon is rising in the east.
They rose to the occasion.
The temperature has risen by five degrees.

In these sentences, the verbs have no objects. The
words east, occasion and degrees are the objects of
the prepositions in, to and by.

c. To Set and To Sit

To set is a transitive verb, which can take an object.
tenses of the verb to set. The verbs are underlined,
e.g. They are setting a record.
We set the jars on a shelf.
Have you set the date for your trip?

To sit is an intransitive verb, which cannot take an
tenses of the verb to sit.
e.g. They are sitting by the front steps.
I sat at my desk for an hour.
You have sat on the couch all afternoon.

In these sentences, the verbs have no objects. The
words steps, desk, and couch are the objects of the
prepositions by, at and on.

EXERCISES :
In the following sentences, the direct objects of the
verbs are printed in bold type. In addition, each
sentence contains an adverb or adverb phrase
indicating time. Depending upon whether or not there
is a direct object, complete each sentence using either
to lay or to lie, as appropriate. Use the Present
Continuous tense if the action takes place in the
present, and use the Simple Past tense if the action
took place in the past. For example:

They are laying the bricks now.

I laid the money on the counter last night.

Right now, the dogs are lying in the middle of the road.

Yesterday, he lay in bed until ten o'clock.

84

1. Now I ______________ too close to the fire.
2. Last night he _____________ twenty dollars on top
of the bookcase.
3. Right now she _______________ a fire.
4. Until last year, the treasure ______________
hidden under the earth.
5. Yesterday she ______________ her coat on the
bed.
6. His books _____________ on the floor all last week.
7. Right now he _______________ low in order to stay
out of danger.
8. Yesterday morning he ______________ the parcel
close to the door.
9. Last night they _____________ in wait for the
thieves.
10. Now they ________________ their cards on the
table.

3. In the following sentences, the direct objects of the
to raise or to rise, as appropriate. Use the Present
present; and use the Simple Past tense if the action
Right now, he __________ sheep.
Right now, he is raising sheep.

Last night he ______ their expectations.
Last night he raised their expectations.

The price of housing _________ now.
The price of housing is rising now.

Last year she ______ at six o'clock every morning.
Last year she rose at six o'clock every morning.

1. Last night, when we heard the news, our hopes
_____________.
2. Last year they _________ six hundred dollars by
selling chocolate bars.
3. Now they ______________ the price of gasoline.
4. The price of gold _____________ yesterday.
5. At the moment, he ______________ corn.
6. Right now mist _______________ from the water.
7. Last week, you _____________ a difficult question.
8. The temperature _____________ at the moment.
9. Now he _____________ his hat.
10. The water level ______________ last week.

to set or to sit, as appropriate. Use the Present
present; and use the Simple Past tense if the action
Now they ___________ the table.
Now they are setting the table.

Last night we ___ our alarm clock for six o'clock.
Last night we set our alarm clock for six o'clock.

At the moment, the cat __________ on top of the
car.
At the moment, the cat is sitting on top of the car.

Yesterday he ___ at his desk all afternoon.
Yesterday he sat at his desk all afternoon.

1. Right now they ______________ down to a good
meal.
2. Yesterday they _____________ the empty bottles
on the front step.
3. At the moment, she _______________ in front of
the fire.
4. Now we _______________ the suitcases on the
moving belt.
5. In ancient times, King Arthur's knights
____________ at the Round Table.
6. Yesterday morning the doctor _____________ the
broken bone.
7. Right now, we _______________ around the table.
8. He ______________ a good example last week, by
studying hard.
9. Now she ______________ her watch to the correct
time.
10. Yesterday afternoon we ___________ at the end
of the dock, in the sun.

verbs are printed in bold type. Paying attention to
whether or not there is a direct object, for each
sentence, choose the correct verb from the pair given
in brackets, and complete the sentence using the
Present Perfect tense of the verb. For example:
I ________ two blankets on the bed. (to lay, to lie)
I have laid two blankets on the bed.

He ________ down for half an hour. (to lay, to lie)
He has lain down for half an hour.

They ___________ the flag. (to raise, to rise)
They have raised the flag.

Our opinion of them _________. (to raise, to rise)
Our opinion of them has risen.

We ________ the electric train in motion. (to set,
to sit)
We have set the electric train in motion.

She ___ just ___ down. (to set, to sit)
She has just sat down.

1. They ____________ a limit of four cartons per
customer. (to set, to sit)
2. We ______________ our plans carefully. (to lay, to
lie)
3. You ____________ very early for the past three
weeks. (to raise, to rise)
4. We _______________ in the car all afternoon. (to
set, to sit)
5. They _______________ four children. (to raise, to
rise)
6. He _____________ a record for endurance. (to set,
to sit)
7. I _____________ awake half the night. (to lay, to lie)
8. They _______________ the table. (to lay, to lie)
9. She _______________ still for fifteen minutes. (to
set, to sit)
10. You _______________ your standards. (to raise,
to rise)
11. Your standards ________________. (to raise, to
rise)
12. Your gloves ________________ on the table all
week. (to lay, to lie)


85

Otherside
Red Hot Chili Peppers
Chorus:
How long how _______________will I slide
Separate my side I don't
I don't _______________it's bad
Slit my throat
It's all I _______________
I heard your _______________through a
photograph
I thought it up it _______________up the
past
Once you know you can
_______________go back
I've got to take it on the _______________
Centuries are what it _______________to me
A cemetery _______________I marry the sea
Stranger things _______________never
change my mind
I've got to _______________it on the
otherside
Take it on the otherside
Take it on
Take it on
Chorus
Pour my _______________into a paper cup
The ashtray's full and I'm spillin' my
_______________
She wants to know am I still a
_______________
I've got to _______________it on the
otherside
Scarlet starlet and she's in
_______________bed
A candidate for my _______________mate
bled
Push the trigger and pull the
_______________
I've got to take it on the otherside
Take it on the otherside
Take it on
Take it on
Chorus
Turn me on take me for a
_______________ride
Burn me out _______________me on the
otherside
I yell and _______________it that
It's not my _______________
I tear it _______________I tear it down
And then it's _______________again
Chorus
How long I don't believe it's bad
Slit my throat
It's all I ever


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87

You don't look good at all.
Your face is as white as a
______ .

weather

colour

par

dog

sheet

2 I wanted Brian to come
today but he's got the flu and
is in a bad ______ .

way

colour

par

dog

sheet

3 If you think that, you're
completely off your ______ .

basket

rocker

lurgy

there

head

4 He's completely mad. As the
Australians say, he's as nutty
as a ______ .

basket

rocker

fruitcake

there

head

5 I had far too much to eat and
drink last night and when I
got home I was as sick as a
______ .

weather

colour

par

dog

power

6 Take things easy for a few
days and you'll soon be as
right as ______ again.

basket

rocker

fruitcake

rain

head

7 I feel in excellent condition. I
feel as fit as a ______ .

basket

rocker

fruitcake

rain

fiddle

8 I'm not very ill but I do feel a
bit below ______ .

weather

colour

par

clogs

power


88
9 I've been working too hard. I
need a holiday to recharge
my ______ .

batteries

rocker

fruitcake

rain

fiddle

10 He says such strange things
that I wonder if he is right in
the ______ .

way

death

lurgy

there

head

11 He is a very strange person
and says very strange things.
Sometimes I wonder if he is
all ______.

way

death

lurgy

there

sheet

12 I saw the doctor the other
day and he gave me a clean
______ of health.

batteries

bill

fruitcake

rain

fiddle

13 In one hundred years' time
you won't be here, you know.
You'll be pushing up ______
.

batteries

bill

daisies

rain

fiddle

14 This bug is really infectious.
I hope you don't come down
with the dreaded ______ .

way

death

lurgy

dog

sheet

15 You're not looking well. You
look a bit off-______

weather

colour

daisies

clogs

power

16 He's completely mad, a real
______ case.

basket

death

lurgy

there

head


89
When 'do' or 'make' are used as main
verbs it can be confusing to ESL learners.
The verb 'make' goes with some words
and the verb 'do' with other words.
Do
We use the verb 'do' when someone
performs an action, activity or task.
do a crossword
do the ironing
do the laundry
do the washing
do the washing up
'Do' is often used when referring to work
of any kind.
do your work
do homework
do housework
do your job
!Note - these activities do not usually
produce a physical object.
'Do' for General Ideas
Use the verb 'do' when speaking about
things in general. In other words, to
describe an action without saying exactly
what the action is. This form is often used
with the words 'something, nothing,
anything, everything, etc.'
I'm not doing anything today.
He does everything for his mother.
She's doing nothing.
Important Expressions with 'Do'
There are a number of standard
expressions that take the verb 'do'. The
best solution is to try to learn them.
do badly
do business
do the dishes
do a favour
do good
do harm
do time - (to go to prison)
do well
do your best
do your hair
do your nails
do your worst
Make
We use the verb 'make' for constructing,
building or creating
make a dress
make food
make a cup of tea / coffee


90
'Make' is often used when referring to
preparing food of any kind.
make a meal - breakfast / lunch / dinner
!Note - these activities usually create
something that you can touch.
Important Expressions with 'Make'
There are a number of standard
expressions that take the verb 'make'.
The best solution is to try to learn them.
make amends
make arrangements
make believe - (to pretend)
make a choice
make a comment
make a decision
make a difference
make an effort
make an enquiry
make an excuse
make a fool of yourself
make a fortune
make friends
make a fuss
make a journey
make love
make a mess
make a mistake
make money
make a move
make a noise
make a phone call
make a plan
make a point
make a profit
make a promise
make a remark
make a sound
make a speech
make a suggestion
make time
make a visit
make your bed - (to prepare the bed for
sleeping in)
1. I have to ___ a telephone call.

a. do
b. make
2. She didn't ___ her best so she
felt sad.

a. do
b. make
3. It was the first time she didn't
___ the beds.

a. do
b. make
4. She was late so she didn't ___
breakfast for them.

a. do
b. make
5. He ___ the assignment, but
forgot to bring it to school.

a. did
b. make
6. He has to ___ the housework
before he can go.

a. do
b. make
7. There are so many decisions to
___.

a. do
b. make


91

8. Did you ___ a reservation for
tonight?

a. do
b. make
9. Did he ___ the doctor's
appointment yet?

a. do
b. make
10. He was busy ___ the food
shopping.

a. doing
b. making
11. He ___ a lot of research.

a. does
b. makes
12. The people wanted to ___ peace.

a. do
b. make
13. The children are ___ too much
noise.

a. doing
b. making
14. It was a pleasure ___ business
with you.

a. doing
b. making
15. I must ___ my homework before
I go to bed.

a. do
b. make
16. Why does he always ___ a
promise and then break it?

a. do
b. make
17. A famous movie star is going to
___ an appearance here tonight.

a. do
b. make
18. I will ___ the dinner dishes.

a. do
b. make
19. You can ___ the dinner.

a. do
b. make
20. You are going to have to ___
some changes here.

a. do
b. make
21. Can you tell me how much
money he ___?

a. does
b. makes
22. Can you ___ me a favour and
lend me some money?

a. do
b. make
23. She spends too much time ___
her hair and nails.

a. doing
b. making
24. I think he is trying to ___
trouble for you.

a. do
b. make
25. Hurry up and ___ a decision.

a. do
b. make


92

Como dizer zero em
ingls: love, nil, nothing,
oh, zip, nought, naught,
zilch, nada, goose egg,
cipher
Em portugus, o
nmero zero sempre
chamado de zero: num
jogo futebol, dizemos 2X0
(dois a zero). No nmero
de telefone, falamos
123(zero)-4(zero)56. Em
cincia, temos
temperatura 0 (zero
grau). Nos clculos,
dizemos 0,7 (zero vrgula
sete). A gria 0800, que
significa grtis, lida
zero oitocentos. Em
ingls, porm, o nmero
zero recebe nomes
diferentes, conforme o
contexto. Em determinado
esporte, por exemplo, o
zero chamado de love.
Vejamos.
Diferentes nomes do
nmero zero em ingls
Em ingls, zero
(plural zeros ou zeroes)
chamado de love, nil,
nothing, oh, zip,
nought/naught, zilch,
nada, goose egg ou
cipher de acordo com o
contexto. Fonte: Webster
Dictionary

Quando zero chamado
de love
Em jogos de tnis ou
squash, o zero
chamado de love. Assim,
numa partida de tnis com
placar 30-0, os
americanos lem thirty
love. Fonte The Free
Dictionary

Quando zero chamado
de nil e nothing
Em outros esportes, o
zero chamado de nil,
como em Leeds United
won two-nil / by two goals
to nil (Leeds United
venceu por dois a zero). O
zero tambm pode ser
substitudo por nothing,
como em Our team
defeated theirs 6-0 (six
nothing) to win the World
Cup (Nosso time venceu
o dele por seis a zero
para ganhar a Copa do
Mundo). Fonte: Webster
Dictionary

Quando zero chamado
de oh
Quando passar nmero
de telefone, chame o zero
de oh /ou/. Por exemplo:
se o telefone 123-4560,
leia assim: one, two,
three, four, five, six, oh.
Quando zero chamado
de zip
No Estados Unidos, a
gria zip tambm significa
zero, como em I received
zip for money after doing
the job for them. (No
recebi nada aps fazer o
trabalho para eles.).
Fonte: The Free
Dictionary

Quando zero chamado
de nought ou naught
Em ingls britnico, o
zero comumente
chamado de nought ou
naught. Ambas so
pronunciadas /nt/. Fonte
The Free Dictionary
Exemplos:
a) Write one million with
six noughts.
(Escreva um milho com
seis zeros.)

93
b) That shop sells clothes
for children aged nought
to eight.
(Aquela loja vende roupas
para crianas de zero a
oito anos.
c) The motorbike goes
from nought to one
hundred in 5 seconds.
(A moto vai de zero a 100
em cinco segundos).

Nougths-and Crosses Jogo
da Velha

Quando zero chamado de
zilch
O zero tambm chamado
de zilch em ingls americano
e britnico. Zilch mais
usado quando a pessoa no
consegue algo que
procurava ou desejava.
Exemplos:
a) How many points did you
score? Zilch.
(Quantos pontos voc fez?
Zero.)
b) How much money is left?
Zilch.
(Quanto dinheiro sobrou?
Zero.)
c) Mark knows zilch about
art.
(Mark no sabe nada sobre
arte.)
d) Shes a real zilch. (E.U.A.)
(Ela um zero a esquerda.)
Quando zero chamado
de nada
Os norte-americanos
tambm usam nada como
sinnimo de zero, nada.
Exemplos:
a) It wont cost you
anythingzero, nothing,
nada.
b) I didnt see nothin.
Zero. Nada.
Quando zero chamado
de goose egg
O zero chamado de
goose egg (ovo de
gansa) especialmente em
placar zero de jogos ou
concurso. Fonte: Oxford
Dictionary
Exemplos:
a) Once again, our team
goes home with a big
goose egg.
(Uma vez mais, nosso
time voltou para casa com
um zero.)
b) They put another goose
egg up on the scoreboard.
(Eles colocaram outro
zero no placar.)
c) His final score was a
big, fat goose egg.
(Seu placar final foi um
zero bem redondo.)
Quando zero chamado
de cipher
Em texto mais antigos,
cipher pode significar
zero dependendo do
contexto. Em ingls
britnico, escreve-se
cypher. Cipher tambm
significa pessoa sem
importncia ou poder.

a) She was nothing more
than a cipher.
(Ela no era nada mais do
que um zero.)
b) He was only a cipher.
(Ele era somente um zero
a esquerda.)


No matter where you live, opening a bank account is one essential park of life, but you have to
check around to find out what services a bank provides. Listen to the words below and consult a
dictionary if you need a definition. Write a sample sentence for each word to learn how it is used
in context. You can use the Internet to find such sentences.

1. apply for a credit card
2. buy traveler's checks
3. cash a check
4. check your account balance
5. deposit money
6. exchange money
7. fill out a withdraw slip
8. open a checking account
9. open a savings account
10. order checks
11. pay off a loan
12. pay your bills online
13. rent a safety deposit box
14. review your bank statement
15. take out a loan
16. talk with a bank teller
17. talk with the bank manager
18. transfer money
19. use a debit card
20. withdraw money
What particular banking services are most important to you in your current situation? Look
around and see if there are banks in your area that might meet your needs, including online
banking options.
Now, complete the sentences below with the best answer:

1. I need to _____________ at the bank because I'm going overseas on business, and I want to
take some of the local currency with me.
A. withdraw money B. exchange money C. buy traveler's checks
2. You ought to ________________ to store your valuables and important documents in a
secure location.
A. rent a safety deposit box B. open a savings account C. pay your bills online
3. My father is trying to ______________ to pay for the construction of a new room to our
house.
A. take out a loan B. pay off a loan C. review his bank


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