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Verify and diagnose

Visual inspection
Vacuum test
Cylinder/power balance
Check cooling system operation
Test fuel pressure and regulator
Safety check
Exhaust diagnose sound, color, smell
ook for symptoms or clues to diagnosis
Tune up procedure
Check belts and hoses
Check E!"
Check battery and ser#ice as needed
"emo#e and read plugs
Compression test
Check primary circuit and pulse
Check coil
Check plugs wire for resistance and damage
$nspect cap and rotor
Check %CV
Spark plugs
Construction
&iring/operation
'eat range
(anufactures
Type of plugs
)iagnosis
Terminal
$nsulator
Center electrode
!round electrode
*ir gap
"esistor
"each
Firing/operation
Voltage/current enters from coil and plug wire to top terminal of plug
$nsulated positi#e core conducts to positi#e electrode exposed in cylinder+
Current always flows to ground ,umps gay to ground electrode+
Exposes fuel and air to spark and ignites mixture+
Plug types
-hat do the numbers on the side of a plug mean.
Si/e
seat type
reach and thread type
heat range
tip construction
type / manufacture
Plug reach
reach is the length of the threaded portion of the plug
plugs ha#e to ha#e the correct reach into the cylinder
Too long and the threads will hold heat and may cause pre0ignition+ %lug will
strip threads
Too short misfire
Spark shrouded in a pocket
Heat range
-hat makes a plug hot or cold.
1ot the intensity of the spark
The length of the insulator and path to cooling
Cold plug 2 short insulator 34uick to cooling5
'ot plug 2 long insulator 3longer to cooling5
Plug tip type
"egular tip standard
Extended tip0fouling resistant
V0groo#e
Split fire
6 prong ground
7 prong ground
(ultiple ground tip plugs ha#e been around since the 896:;s
*ll ha#e some benefit but no matter what it will find the easiest path to
ground
Plug types
Standard copper plugs
o !ood conductibility
o Shorter life
o $nexpensi#e
o Some shrouding
o 'igher #oltage re4uirement
o <:k miles
1ickel plugs
o 'arder = better then copper >6?09@?
o !ood heat endurance
o onger lasting
o !ood conductor
!old palladium 3positi#e electrode only5
o Aetter conductibility
o &ouling resistant
o (elts when o#erheats
%latinum plugs
o Aest
o %latinum much harder then copper, nickel, or gold
o onger wear
o B:k C:k miles
o &ine tip self cleans
)ouble platinum plug
o )urable platinum tips
o Aoth positi#e and ground electrode platinum
o onger life+
o (ore expensi#e
o !ap pre0set
&ull field
o no ground electrode
$ridium plugs
o 'arder substance then platinum
o onger plug life
o (ore expensi#e
o Thinner #oltage re4uirement
o ess #oltage re4uirement
o 'igh compression / re##ing

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