This document provides design calculations for a smoke ventilation system for a building with an apex height of 15.5 meters and eaves/haunch height of 13.9 meters. It calculates values such as the mass flow of smoke into the smoke layer, the average temperature of the smoke layer, the required exhaust rate, and minimum number and size of exhaust ventilators needed based on reference standards and input data. It performs two sets of calculations, with and without considering the interaction of the sprinkler system in reducing the average smoke layer temperature.
This document provides design calculations for a smoke ventilation system for a building with an apex height of 15.5 meters and eaves/haunch height of 13.9 meters. It calculates values such as the mass flow of smoke into the smoke layer, the average temperature of the smoke layer, the required exhaust rate, and minimum number and size of exhaust ventilators needed based on reference standards and input data. It performs two sets of calculations, with and without considering the interaction of the sprinkler system in reducing the average smoke layer temperature.
This document provides design calculations for a smoke ventilation system for a building with an apex height of 15.5 meters and eaves/haunch height of 13.9 meters. It calculates values such as the mass flow of smoke into the smoke layer, the average temperature of the smoke layer, the required exhaust rate, and minimum number and size of exhaust ventilators needed based on reference standards and input data. It performs two sets of calculations, with and without considering the interaction of the sprinkler system in reducing the average smoke layer temperature.
REFERENCE NOTES BS 7346 Part 4 : 2003. BS EN 12101-1/3: 2003 BR 368 : 1999 The above refenced third party documents have been used as design / guideline documents. SMOKE VENTILATION SYSTEM The above refenced third party documents have been used as design / guideline documents. Design Objectives Note Life Safety No User Input Property Protection No Constant Aid to Fire Fighters Yes Results Input Data Notes / References Building Height (Apex) Ha 15.50 m Building Height (Eaves / Haunch) 13.90 Calculated Plan Area 21679 m Calculated Plan Area 21679 m Number of Smoke Zones 11 BS 7347 P4 - 6.6.2.7, max 2000 / 2600m2 Design Smoke depth dlv 11.50 Sprinkler Operating Temperature SOT 79.00 C Fixed data Ambient temperature t 45 C Absolute ambient temperature To 318 K Acceleration due to gravity g 9.81 kg.s- Density of ambient air 1.22 kg.m- Coefficient of Inlet Ci 0 6 Coefficient of Inlet Ci 0.6 Coefficient of ventilation Cv 0.67 Specific heat capacity of air c 1.1 kJ.kg-.K- Selected Design Fire Size A B Perimeter of Fire P 12 12 m Assumed Area of Fire Af 9 9 m Assumed Entrainment Coefficient Ce 0.34 0.34 0.190 For large space rooms 0.337 For small space rooms Ventilation area and inlet area ratio AvCv/AiCi 0.33 0.33 Range from 1, 0.5, 0.33, 0.25, 0.2, 0.15, 0.1 Ventilation area and inlet area ratio AvCv/AiCi 0.33 0.33 Range from 1, 0.5, 0.33, 0.25, 0.2, 0.15, 0.1 Narrowest width of smoke reservoir W 10 10 m Downstand factor 78 78 Downstand factor - 78 if none. Height to underside of smoke layer Y 4.00 4.00 m Mass Flow of Smoke into layer Ml 32.35 32.35 kg/sec BS 7346 P4 - B.2, Heat release rate per sq metre of fire qf 500.00 500.00 kW BS 7346 P4 - Annex A Convective heat flux leaving flames Qf 4500.00 4500.00 kW Heat loss to structure 10.00 10.00 % Assessment range 5 - 20% Convective heat flux entering smoke layer Ql 4050.00 4050.00 kW C l l d f k l l 113 80 79 00 BS 7346 P4 E 2 Calculated average temperature of smoke layer ql 113.80 79.00 C BS 7346 P4 - E.2 Absolute average temp of smoke layer Tl 386.80 397.00 K Aerodynamic Area of exhaust ventilation AvCv 3.40 4.22 m BS 7346 P4 - F.6 Powered extract rate Vl 32.26 33.11 m.s- BS 7346 P4 - F.5 Minimum Flowing layer depth dl 1.31 1.31 m BS 7346 P4 - F.2 Critical exhaust rate Mcrit 720.54 720.54 kg.s- BS 7346 P4 - F.9 Minimum No. of exhaust ventilators N 1 1 BS 7346 P4 - F.11 Length of smoke ventilator Dv 2 2 il l i Ventilator Selection Min number of vents per zone N 1 1 Coefficient of discharge for vent Cv 0.67 0.67 Overall measured throat area of ventilation Av 5.07 6.30 m Measured throat area of vent selected DSV1020 3.61 3.61 m Quantity of ventilators per smoke zone 2 2 Overall Quantity of vents 22 22 C l A i h l i b d i kl i i i h h k Column A is the solution based upon no sprinkler system interaction with the smoke. Column B is the solution based upon the average smoke layer temperature being reduced to at or below the sprinkler operating temperature Formula Used 1. Mass flow of smoke into layer MI C P (Y) 1.5 MI = Ce x P x (Y) 1.5 where, Ce is entrainment coefficient P is perimeter of fire Y Height to undesirable of smoke layer 2. Convecting Heat Flux leaving Flame Qf = Af x qf where, Af is Area of fire qf is heat release rate per sq metre of fire 3. Convecting Heat Flux Entering Smoke layer QI = Qf x (1 (heat loss/100)) QI = Qf x (1 - (heat loss/100)) 4. Calculated average temperature of smoke layer qI = QI / (c x MI) where, c is specific heat of air 5. Absolute average temp of smoke layer TI = qI +273 5. Poweer Extract Rate VI = (MI x TI) / ( x To) where, isdensity of air To is absolute temperature of air 6. Minimum Flowing layer depth dI = ( (MI x TI) / (Y x (qI) 0.5 x W) ) 0.666 where, W is Narrowest width of smoke reservoir 7. Critical exhaust rate Mcric = [ 2.05 x x (g x To x qI) 0.5 x dlv 2 x Dv ] / TI where, dlv is design smoke depth Dv is length of smoke ventilator Dv is length of smoke ventilator
The Institute of Energy's Second International Conference on COMBUSTION & EMISSIONS CONTROL: Proceedings of The Institute of Energy Conference Held in London, UK, on 4-5 December 1995