Newtons 2nd Law - The rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the resultant force which acts upon it. The Newton - One newton is the force that will give a mass of one kilogram an acceleration of one metre per second. Linear Momentum - The mass of an object multiplied by its velocity. Conservation of Momentum - In any direction, in the absence of external forces the total momentum of a system remains constant. Impulse - Change in momentum of a body. Elastic Collision - No momentum of kinetic energy is lost. Inelastic Collision - Momentum is conserved but kinetic energy is lost. Radian - One radian is the angle subtended at the centre of a circle by an arc of length equal to the circles radius. Period - The period of an object in circular motion is the time taken for it to complete one revolution. Angular Speed - The angle an object rotates through per second. Centripetal Acceleration - A force which keeps the object moving in a circle. Simple Harmonic Motion - An oscillation in which the acceleration is directly proportional to the displacement from the mid-point, and is directed towards the mid-point. Damping - When energy is lost to the surroundings and the amplitude of an oscillation is reduced. Resonance - When the driving force equals the natural frequency and causes the amplitude to rapidly increase. Section 2 - Gravitation and Electric Fields A Field - The region in which a force operates. Gravitational Field Strength - The gravitational field strength at any point is the force acting per unit mass at that point. Newtons Law of Gravitation - The gravitational force of attraction between two bodies is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Gravitational Potential - The work done per unit mass in moving the mass from infinity to the point. Gravitational Potential Difference - Energy needed to move a unit mass. Electric Field Strength - The electric field strength at any point is the force acting per unit charge at that point. Electric Potential - The work done per unit charge on a positive charge in moving the charge from infinity to the point. Electric Potential Difference - Energy needed to move a unit charge. Section 3 - Capacitors Capacitance - The amount of charge stored per volt. Section 4 - Magnetic Fields Magnetic Field - A region where a force is exerted on magnetic materials. Force on a Wire - The force is proportional to the magnetic field strength. Magnetic Field Strength - The force on one metre of wire carrying a current of one amp at right angles to the magnetic field. Magnetic Flux Density - A measure of the strength of the magnetic field per unit area. Flux Linking - When an e.m.f is induced by changing thee magnitude or direction of the magnetic flux. Flux Change - A change in flux of one weber per second will induce an e.m.f of one volt in a loop of wire. Faradays Law - The induced e.m.f is directly proportional to the rate of change of flux linkage. Lenzs Law - The induced e.m.f is always in such a direction as to oppose the change that caused it. Alternator - A generator of alternating current.