Siver sulfadiazine

Introduction: Silver sulfadiazine is a sulfa derivative topical antibacterial used

primarily as a topical burn cream on second- and third-degree burns.

Mechanism of action: Acts upon the bacterial cell wall and cell membrane.
Bactericidal for many gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and is effective
against yeast. Active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas
maltophilia, Enterobacter species, Klebsiella species, Serratiaspecies, Escherichi
a coli, Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, Providencia rettgeri,Proteus
vulgaris, Providencia species, Citrobacter species, Acinetobacter
calcoaceticus,Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus
epidermidis, Enterococcus species, Candida albicans, Corynebacterium
diphtheriae, and Clostridium perfringens.

Pharmacology:
Absorption: Significant percutaneous absorption of silver sulfadiazine can occur
especially when applied to extensive burns
Half-life elimination: 10 hours; prolonged with renal impairment
Time to peak, serum: 3-11 days of continuous therapy
Excretion: Urine (?50% as unchanged drug)

Indications: Silver sulfadiazine 1% (silver sulfadiazine) is a topical antimicrobial
drugindicated as an adjunct for the prevention and treatment of wound sepsis in
patients with second- and third-degree burns

Dosage: Children and Adults: Topical: Apply once or twice daily with a sterile-
gloved hand; apply to a thickness of 1/16; burned area should be covered with
cream at all times
Administration: Topical
Apply with a sterile-gloved hand. Apply to a thickness 1/16. Burned area should
be covered with cream at all times.

Side effects: Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following
side effects occur:

Rare
Blistering, peeling or loosening of skin
Bloody or cloudy urine
Chills or fever
Cough
Decreased amount of urine or less frequent urination
Increased sensitivity of skin to sunlight, especially in patients with burns
on large areas
Intense itching of burn wounds
Pain at site of application
Painful or difficult urination
Red skin lesions, often with a purple center
Shortness of breath
Sore throat
Sores, ulcers or white spots on lips or in mouth
Swollen glands
Unusual bleeding or bruising
Unusual tiredness or weakness

More common
Burning feeling on treated area(s)

Less common or rare
Brownish-gray skin discoloration
Itching or skin rash

Precautions:
General: If hepatic and renal functions become impaired and elimination of drug
decreases, accumulation may occur and discontinuation of Silver sulfadiazine
1% (silver sulfadiazine) should be weighed against the therapeutic benefit being
achieved. In considering the use of topical proteolytic enzymes in conjunction
with Silver sulfadiazine 1%, the possibility should be noted that silver may
inactivate such enzymes.
Pregnancy: Teratogenic Effects. Pregnancy Category B.: this drug should be
used during pregnancy only if clearly justified, especially in pregnant women
approaching or at term.

Nursing Mothers: It is not known whether silver sulfadiazine is excreted in
human milk. However, sulfonamides are known to be excreted in human milk,
and all sulfonamide derivatives are known to increase the possibility
of kernicterus. Because of the possibility for serious adverse reactions in nursing
infants from sulfonamides, a decision should be made whether to discontinue
nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug
to the mother.

Geriatric Use: No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed
between these subjects and younger subjects, and other reported clinical
experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and
younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled
out.

Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been
established.

Contraindications: Silver sulfadiazine is contraindicated in patients who are
hypersensitive to silver sulfadiazine or any of the other ingredients in the
preparation.
How supplied: Customized as per request.