Perspectivas en Investigacin

Basada en el Arte
Una aproximacin
Curso Nivel de Posgrado
INTRODUCCIN A LA INVESTIGACIN SOCIAL
BASADA EN EL ARTE
Objetivo
Esta presentacin busca brindar distintas
perspectivas sobre la Investigacin
Basada en el Arte, sealando algunos de
sus componente bsicos que sirvan para
una aproximacin conceptual a dicha
estrategia de indagacin.
CT: The end product of qualitative research project resembles the style of a classic or
traditional research report.
R: Qualitative research may produce a variety of final products which include poems,
collages, pictorials, videos, and clinical pieces.
For the most part, qualitative researchers' reports of their work approximate the
shapes of a traditional research report: problem, literature review, hypothesis(es)
and/or research questions, method, analysis(es), discussion, and conclusion(s). These
sections may follow a linear progression or may be presented in a circular or recursive
pattern, the choice being dependent on the process followed in the study and/or
prescriptions suggested by the publishing source. Qualitative researchers may also
choose literary or artistic modes of re-presentation for their work. These choices
include novel and poetic forms, as well as expressions of pastiche and collage. Other
researchers explore more audio-visual re-productions in the forms of videos, films, and
pictorial exhibits. Still other qualitative investigators' reports assume forms usually
associated with clinical expression--the case study, for example. For all of these
researchers great care is taken in choosing a medium which contributes to the
message of the research.
(Chenail 1992)

Supporters and practitioners of arts-based
research tend to recognize the value of
alternative modes of representation and
suggest these as a postmodern (Eisner, 1997),
feminist (Finley, 2001), or postcolonial
(Dimitriadis & McCarthy, 2001) countering of a
Western positivist paradigm. Characteristic of
recent arts-based research is a cultural politics
that is critical, that aims to provoke action and
change, for which the artist/researcher takes on
an activist role
(Mullen, 2003).

(Vaughan, K 2005:26)



. . . arts-based researchers do more than
help us see an external reality that heretofore
has gone unnoticed by reading images. They
actively form a new visual reality by creating
images. The visual is not just a tool for
recording, analyzing or interpreting data; it has
become a tool for creating data. The visual
has reached a new dimension. It has become
generative.
(Cahnmann-Taylor and Siegesmund 2008: 99)

. . . first the tension between using open forms
that yield diverse interpretations and forms that
yield common understandings . . . second is that
between the particular and the general. We want
our single case research to extend beyond the
single subject studied. A third tension is
between the desire to aesthetically craft form and
the desire to tell it like it is; aesthetic
considerations can trump epistemological ones.
A fourth tension is between the desire to pursue
new questions and puzzlements and the need in
the practical world for answers. Finally, there is
the tension for arts-based research to seek what
is novel or creative and the need to create work
that has verisimilitude to the furniture of the
world.
(Eisner 2008: 25)
Art/Drawing
In qualitative research, we often think of verbal dialogue or
observation as the optimal means in which to collect data. But
as the saying goes, sometimes a picture can be worth a
thousand words. I have discovered that people's drawings,
whether literal depictions or abstract symbolisms, can be data
that provide quality information in a fun and creative manner.
You can actively engage research participants in the data
collection process by asking them to draw their perceptions,
feelings, or a situation instead of using verbal description
(Sharon A. Deacon 2000)

Representing qualitative data in this way builds on Eisner and
Barone's concept that multiple forms of representation allow
meaning to take shape in different ways.. While meaning-making
can be done privately, artistry is required for making the transition
between the interior life and the public domain

The use of creative forms generates the potential to dissolve the
distinctions between inner and outer and between personal and
professional perspectives. This leads to potential richness in the
work, but it also raises the possibility of work being judged as
"lacking in rigour" when compared to more established research
paradigms.

Issues of power and control emerge when boundaries are
stretched in this way.
(Laura Brearley 2000)
Tenemos as una primera definicin, que deviene de la reflexin de
Barone y Eisner (2006), que configura a la IBA como un tipo de
investigacin de orientacin cualitativa que utiliza procedimientos
artsticos (literarios, visuales y preformativos) para dar cuenta de
prcticas de experiencia en las que tantos los diferentes sujetos
(investigador, lector, colaborador) como las interpretaciones sobre
sus experiencias desvelan aspectos que no se hacen visibles en otro
tipo de investigacin.

(Hernndez Hernndez 2008:92)
Mullen (2003) por su parte, considera que hay en la bibliografa
sobre investigacin cualitativa una explosin de formas de
investigacin basadas en las artes. Lo que tienen en comn estas
formas de investigacin es que al indagar sobre la creatividad (los
contenidos de la investigacin) y su interpretacin (una
explicacin de los contenidos) el participante en la investigacin
se fortalece, la relacin entre el investigador acadmico y el
investigador participante se intensifican y se hace ms igualitaria,
y los contenidos son culturalmente ms exactos y explcitos, dado
que se utilizan tanto formas de conocimiento emocionales como
cognitivas.

(Hernndez Hernndez 2008:93)

At the heart of arts-based inquiry is a radical, politically
grounded statement about social justice and control over
the production and dissemination of knowledge. By
calling upon artful ways of knowing and being in the
world, arts-based researchers make a rather audacious
challenge to the dominant, entrenched academic
community and its claims to scientific ways of knowing.
(Finley 2008:72)
Art, in Relational Aesthetics, is seen as a state of
encounter and the essence of humankind, purely trans-
individual and made up of bonds that link individuals
together in social forms which are invariably historical
(Bourriaud, 2002: 18). (Jones 2006:73)
I consider the concept of Leiblichkeit, or living embodiment, to be an
important ingredient in any dialogue. In Doing Sensory Ethnography
(2009), Sarah Pink emphasizes that the talk of an interview is not simply
performative and embodied, but that it is more fully situated in that it is an
emplaced activity that engages not only the performative body but the
sensing body in relation to its total environment (2009: 834). .

To a certain degree, this argument corresponds with what Mikhail Bakhtin
refers to as: dialogic communication, [where] the object is transformed
into the subject (the other's I) (2002: 145). In Bakhtin's approach,
meanings accompany one another and build a context".

(Lammer 2012 : 177 )
Sntesis
Elabor un cuadro que pueda sintetizar
las aproximaciones consignadas
REFERENCIAS
Cahnmann-Taylor, M., & Siegesmund, R. (2008a). Arts-based research in education: Foundations for practice.
New York, NY: Routledge.

Eisner, E. (2008). Persistent tensions in arts-based research. In M. Cahnmann-Taylor & R. Siegesmund (Eds.)
Arts-based research in education: Foundations for practice (pp. 16-27). New York, NY: Routledge.

Deacon, S. A. (2000, March). Creativity within qualitative research on families: New ideas for old methods. [35
paragraphs]. The Qualitative Report [On-line serial], 4(3/4). Available: http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR4-
1/deacon.html
Brearley, L. (2000, October). Exploring the creative voice in an academic context. [100 paragraphs]. The
Qualitative Report [On-line serial], 5(3/4). Available: http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR5-3/brearley.html

Chenail, R. (1992) The Qualitative Report, Volume 1, Number 4, Fall, 1992
(http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR1-4/tendencies.html)

Vaughan, K (2005) Pieced together: Collage as an artists method for interdisciplinary research
International Journal of Qualitative Methods 2005, 4(1), pp 27-52



REFERENCIAS
Hernndez Hernndez, F. 2008 La investigacin basada en las artes. Propuestas para repensar la investigacin
en educacin Educatio Siglo XXI, n. 26 2008, pp. 85-118

Finley, S 2008 Arts-Based Research" Chap. 6 in Handbook of the Arts in Qualitative Research: Perspectives,
Methodologies, Examples, and Issues. SAGE Publications, Inc. p.p 72-83

Jones, Kip (2006) A Biographic Researcher in Pursuit of an Aesthetic: The use of arts-based (re)presentations in
performative dissemination of life stories. Qualitative Sociology Review, Vol. II Issue
1.(http://www.qualitativesociologyreview.org /ENG/archive_eng.php)

Lammer, C. (2012). Healing mirrors: Body arts and ethnographic methodologies. In S. Pink (Ed.), Advances in
visual methodology. (pp. 173-191). London: SAGE Publications Ltd. doi:
http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781446250921.n10