AP Physics B Magnetostatics FR 1 Answer Key

#1 (1975-B6)
a) Since the ions have the same charge, the same work (V) wi!! "e #one on them to acce!erate them an# they wi!!
gain the same amo$nt o% K as they are acce!erating& Set the energies o% the two ions e$a!&
Ko ' Ks ( mo vo
)
' ( ()mo)vs
)
vs ' vo * +)
") ,n the region o% the magnetic %ie!#, a--!y Fnet(.) ' mv
)
*r / vB ' mv
)
* r / r ' mv * B
For the 0 ion For the S ion
r1 ' movo * B r) ' ()mo)(vo * +)) * B com-aring the two& R) ' ( ) *+) ) R1
#2 (1977-B3)
a) 1he 2 %ie!# -oints !e%t since it3s a negative charge an# is move# o--osite the 2 %ie!#&
") 4ork #one "y the acce!erating -!ate ' kinetic energy gaine#& 4 ' K / V ' ( mv
)
/ v ' + ()Ve*m)
c) 5sing the 67R, the %orce on the e!ectron wo$!# "e #own when it enters the B %ie!#& 1his wi!! t$rn the charge an#
the res$!ting B %orce wi!! act as a centri-eta! %orce making the charge circ!e&
#) 5sing an 2 %ie!# to create a %orce e$a! an# o--osite to the F" co$!# make the charge move in a straight !ine&
Since the charge is negative an# the initia! F" is #own, 1he 2 %ie!# wo$!# -oint #own to make an $-war#s Fe
#3 (1979-B4)
4e wi!! show the sketches o% the -aths %irst
a) ") c) 8o motion #)
8ow #etermine the magnit$#es
a) Fe'2 ") 1he %orce %rom the 2 %ie!# c) F'9 #) F" ' vB
(19
:
)(1&);19
1<
) is in#e-en#ent o% the ve!ocity (1&=;19
1<
)(19
>
)(19
1
)
' 1&= ; 19
1>
8 so it3s the same as (a) 1&=;19
1<
8
#4 (1984-B4)
#5 (1988-B4)
a) 5se the R7R to #etermine the magnetic %ie!# %rom each wire& 1he ?A wire makes a %ie!# o$t o% the -age an# the
1A wire makes a %ie!# into the -age& Since the B %ie!# o% each wire is given "y @o, * ()AR) we can see that the
?A wire wi!! have the stronger %ie!# an# th$s #ominate the #irection, making the net %ie!# o$t o% the -age&
") Bnet ' B?A B1A ' @o *()A) B ,? *R? ,1 * R1 C ' );19
D
1
c) 4ith Force !e%t, ve!ocity $-, an# B %ie!# o$t && 1he 67R works to -ro#$ce this res$!t so it m$st "e negative
#) F ' vB 19
D
' (19
=
)();19
D
) ' >;19
D
.
e) 8ee# Fe ' F" 2 ' F" 2 (>;19
D
) ' 19
D
2 ' 9&) 8*. #irecte# !e%t&
The electric field is directed left so that the negative particle will have a rightward electric force to balance the
magnetic force which is pointing left
#6 (1990-B2)
a) 2 ' V *# )99 * 9&1 )9999 V*m #ownwar# ( %rom E to )
") Fnet ' ma Fe ' ma 2 ' ma ()9999)(1&=;19
1<
) ' <&11;19
?1
a a ' ?&>;19
1>
m*s
)
$-war#
c) 1reat the e!ectron as a -roFecti!e acting with an acce!eration o% gravity $-war#s o% the va!$e %rom -art "&
#; ' v; t (9&9>) ' (?;19
D
) t t ' 1&=D;19
<
sec
#y ' viyt E ( at
)
#y ' 9 E ( (?&>;19
1>
) (1&=D;19
<
)
)
' 9&99:< m
#)
a) 4 ' K / V ' ( mv
)
/ G ' mv
)
* )e
") Shown on #iagram
c) Fnet(.) ' mv
)
*r / vB ' mv
)
* r / r ' mv * Be
#) i) Fnet ' 9 / Fe ' F" / 2 ' vB / 2 ' vB
ii) shown on #iagram
e) 8ee# to "a!ance Fe ' F" 2 ' vB / B ' 2*v ' ()9999) * (?;19
D
) ' =&=D ; 19
:
1& Since the %orce on
the e!ectron %rom the 2 %ie!# -oints $-war#s, the %orce %rom the B %ie!# wo$!# have to -oint #own& 5sing the
67R %or the e!ectron with the given, F an# v gives a B %ie!# #irection into the -age&
#7 (1991-B2)
a) i) 4 ' K / V ' ( mv
)
/ v ' + ()Ve*m)
ii) Fnet ' ma Fe ' ma 2 ' ma (V*#) e ' ma a ' Ve * m#
") i H ii c) Fnet(c) ' mac F" ' mac vB ' mac ac ' evB*m
s$" in v %rom -art aIi ac '
m
Ve
m
eB )

#8 (1993-B3)
a) i) since the -artic!e is acce!erate# towar# the negative!y charge# -!ate, it m$st "e -ositive!y charge#
ii) 1he %orce on the -artic!e #$e to the magnetic %ie!# is towar#s the center o% the circ$!ar arc& By R7R the
magnetic %ie!# m$st -oint o$t o% the -age&
") i) 4 ' K / V ' ( mv
)
/ v ' + ()V*m)
ii) F" ' vB ' B (+ ()V*m) )
iii) Fnet(.) ' mv
)
*r / vB ' mv
)
* r / r ' mv * B / #istance is );r ' )mv*B
iv) 4ork trave!e# in a circ!e at constant s-ee# is Jero as #escri"e# in -revio$s $nits&
#9 (1994-B4)
a) 4 ' K / V ' ( mv
)
/ V ' (1&=D;19
)D
)(?&1;19
=
)
)
* )(1&=;19
1<
.) / >9999 V
") Metho# , 1he therma! energy -ro#$ce# "y a sing!e -roton wi!! "e e$a! to the conversion o% the kinetic energy
into interna! energy& 1he kinetic energy can "e %o$n# with ( mv
)
an# the v is the same at the target as it was
when it entere# the B %ie!#&
For a sing!e -roton we have ( mv
)
' ( (1&=D;19
)D
)(?&1;19
=
)
)
' K;19
1>
L&
8ow we have to %in# o$t how many -rotons hit the target in 1 min$te $sing the c$rrent&
, ' M*t / );19
=
Am- ' M * =9 sec / M ' 1&);19
:
. tota! charge&
1&);19
:
. * 1&=;19
1<
.*-roton D&>;19
1:
-rotons&
8ow m$!ti-!y the n$m"er o% -rotons "y the energy %or each one& D&>;19
1:
N K;19
1>
' = L
A!ternate (easier) so!$tion Fin# the -ower o% the "eam P',V& 1hen, 4 ' Pt, #irect!y gives the energy that
wi!! "e #e!ivere# in 1 min$te& 4 ' ,Vt ' ();19
=
)(>9999)(=9) ' = L
c) Fnet(.) ' mv
)
*r / vB ' mv
)
* r / B ' mv * r / B ' (1&=D;19
)D
)(?&1;19
=
) * (1&=;19
1<
)(9&1) B'9&?) 1
#) 5sing the R7R gives B %ie!# o$t o% the -age in the -ositive J #irection&
#10 (1995-B7)
a) Force is given "y vB

, to make B

$se B sin O& F" ' v B cos O ' (1&=;19
1<
)(:;19
D
)(1&))(cos?9) ' =&D;19
1)
8
") 5sing the R7R %or given #irection, Force m$st "e into the -age in J #irection&
c) 1he magnetic %orce is -er-en#ic$!ar to the #istance ca$se# "y the magnetic %orce at a!! -oints so work ' 9
#) Since the ve!ocity is not

to the %ie!#, this wi!! not "e a sim-!e circ!e,

tho$gh a version o% circ$!ar motion wi!! ens$e& ,% the -artic!e was trave!ing
e;act!y horiJonta!, the motion wo$!# sim-!y "e a horiJonta! circ!e coming
into an# o$t o% the -age in the J #irection& B$t since there is a com-onent o%
the ve!ocity that is in the $-war#s y #irection, inertia wi!! kee- the -artic!e
moving $-war#s in the y #irection in a##ition to circ!ing in an# o$t o% the
-age& 1his wi!! make it move in a he!ica! %ashion as shown here
#11 (1997-B3)
a) 5sing 7ooke3s !aw& )Fs- ' mg )(kP;) ' mg k ' mg*)#
") From the "attery, we can see that E c$rrent %!ows to the right thro$gh the ro#& ,n or#er to move the ro# #own a
#istance P#, the magnetic %orce m$st act #own& Base# on the R7R, the B %ie!# wo$!# have to act o$t o% the
-age (EJ)&
c) 1he e;tra s-ring stretch m$st "e "a!ance# "y the magnetic %orce& Fs-(e;tra) ' F"
kP# ' B,6 / (mg*)# P#) ' B,6 8ow s$"stit$te G ' ,R %or , an# we get B B ' mgRP# * G6#
#) i)
g
d
d
mg
m
k
m
k
m
T )
)
)
)
)
) ) = = = =
($se )k, %or k since there are two s-rings)
ii) Set the e$i!i"ri$m -osition (at P; ' #) as Jero s-ring energy to $se the t$rn horiJonta! trick& 1his is the
ma;im$m s-ee# !ocation an# we now set the kinetic energy here to the s-ring energy an# the P# stretch
-osition&
K ' 5s- ( mv
)
' ( kP;
)
mv
)
' ()k)(P#)
)

m
k
d
m
d k
v
) )
)
=

=
8ow s$" in %or k&
d
g
d
m
d
mg
d v = =
)
)
#12 (1998-B8)
a) Base# on the R7R, the B %ie!# is #irecte# into the -age on the J a;is&
") Base# on the R7R, the %orce is #irecte# #own on the y a;is&
c) First #etermine the B %ie!# at -oint A %rom the wire& B ' @o, * ()A#)
1hen the %orce on the -artic!e is given "y F" 'vB ' vo@o, * ()A#)

#) Since the magnetic %orce is #irecte# #own, the e!ectric %orce wo$!# have to act $-war#s to cance!& Since the
charge is -ositive, the 2 %ie!# wo$!# a!so have to -oint $-war#s in the Ey #irection
e) Fe ' F" 2 ' vB 2 ' vB 2 ' vo@o, * ()A#)
#13 (2000-B7)
a) 6ooking in the region where the -artic!e c$rves, the 67R gives the -ro-er %orce #irection so it3s a charge
") 1o co$nteract the F" #ownwar#, an e!ectric %orce m$st -oint $-war#s&
For a negative charge, an 2 %ie!# #own makes an e!ectric %orce
$-war#s&
c) Fin# the 2 %ie!# an# $se V'2# to get the V&
Between the -!ates& / Fe ' F" / 2 ' vB / 2 ' vB / (now s$" into V'2#) /
V ' vB# ' (1&<;19
=
)(9&))(=;19
?
) ' )?99 V
#) Fnet(.) ' mv
)
*r / vB ' mv
)
* r / *m ' v * rB / *m ' (1&<;19
=
) * (9&1)(9&)) ' <&> ; 19
D
.*kg
#14 (2002-B5)
a) For the -roton to maintain a straight traFectory, the magnetic %orce wo$!# have to "e
"a!ance# "y the e!ectric %orce& 5sing the R7R %or the E charge moving $-, the
magnetic %orce -oints !e%t, so the e!ectric %orce nee#e# sho$!# -oint right& For a E
charge an 2 %ie!# #irecte# !e%t wo$!# make an e!ectric %orce a!so #irecte# !e%t&
") Fe ' F" / 2 ' vB / v ' 2*B
c) 5sing the R7R, the charge gets %orce# to the !e%t in a circ$!ar %ashion
#) 5sing Fnet(.) ' mac / vB ' mac / s$" in v'2*B, an# 'e / e(2*B)B ' mac / ac ' e2 * m-
#15 (B2007-B2)
a) i) Base# on the R7R, the magnetic %orce on the -ositive charge acts $-war#s so
an e!ectric %orce #irecte# #own wo$!# nee# to "e in -!ace %or an $n#e%!ecte#
"eam& For E charges, 2 %ie!# acts in the same #irection as the e!ectric %orce&
ii) 5sing this !ogic F$st e;-!aine#, we have
Fe ' F" / 2 ' vB / v ' 2*B ' :K99*9&1) :;19
:
m*s
") 5sing Fnet(.) ' mv
)
*r / vB ' mv
)
* r / r ' mv * B / r ' (=&=K;19
)=
)(:;19
:
) * (9&1))(?&);19
1<
) ' 9&9D m
c) Since the s-ee# is s!ower than the s-ee# where Fe ' F" an# since F" is "ase# on the s-ee# (vB) the F" wi!! now "e
sma!!er than the Fe so the net %orce wi!! act #own&
#)
#16 (2007-B2)
a) 1o make the E -artic!es #e%!ect !e%t as shown a !e%twar# magnetic %orce sho$!# "e create#& Base# on the R7R an#
the given %orce an# ve!ocity, the B %ie!# sho$!# -oint into the -age in the J #irection&
") 1he magnetic %orce is given "y vB& 1he magnetic %orce acts -er-en#ic$!ar to the ve!ocity so #oes not acce!erate
the ve!ocity in the #irection o% motionQ rather it acts as a centri-eta! %orce to t$rn the -artic!e an# acce!erate it
centri-eta!!y on!y&
c) 5sing Fnet(.) ' mv
)
*r / vB ' mv
)
* r / v ' BR * m (note that the radius is of distance x)
v ' ()N1&=;19
1<
)(9&9<)(1&D> * )) * (1&:>;19
)>
) ' 1&D:;19
>
m*s
#) 1he s-ee# we are !ooking %or is the s-ee# when the charge e;its the acce!erating -!ates at the "ottom o% the
#iagram& ,n those -!atesR
4 ' K / V ' ( mv
)
/ V()N1&=;19
1<
) ' ( (1&:>;19
)>
)(1&D:;19
>
)
)
/ V ' =K=9 V
#17(2008-B3)
a) 1his circ$it has two resistance e!ements that are in series on itR the interna! resistance (9&> S) an# the wires
resistance& First %in# the tota! resistance o% the circ$it G',Rtot 1= ' : R R ' : S&
Since the interna! resistance makes $- 9&> o% this tota!, the wires resistance m$st "e ?&> S
8ow %in# the wires !ength with R ' T6*A ?&> ' (1&D;19
K
) 6 * ?&>;19
<
6 ' 9&D) m
") 1ricky, this asks %or the %orce on the magnet which is the o--osite o% the %orce on the wire& Base# on
actionreaction, the %orce on the magnet is e$a! an# o--osite o% the %orce on the wire& 8ow %in#ing the %orce
on the wireR the %ie!# -oints right, the c$rrent is into the -age as shown, so the R7R gives the %orce #own on the
wire& 1here%ore the %orce on the magnet wo$!# "e $- (this wi!! make the sca!e rea#ing !ighter)&
c) 1he change in the sca!es weight is ca$se# "y the magnetic %orce -$!!ing $- on the magnet an# this e;tra %orce is
e;act!y e$a! to F" / so F" ' B,6 9&9= 8 ' B (:)(9&9)) B ' 9&D> 1
#) Since the !ength o% the wire is not -er-en#ic$!ar, on!y a com-onent o% the B %ie!# is $se# to #etermine the %orce&
So in the e$ation F" ' B,6, the B va!$e is re#$ce# an# %or increasing !engths, there sho$!# "e !ess an# !ess
%orce com-are# to the i#ea! !ine shown&
Uotte# !ine is the re!ationshi- %or the misa!igne#
wire&
e) 1he new gra-h shows #ecreasing magnetic
%orce "$t the e;-!anation in -art # cannot "e
a--!ie# "eca$se the wire was not
misa!igne#& 1his means there m$st "e a
reason that the B %ie!# was having !essene#
e%%ects as the wire !engthene#& 6ooking the origina! #iagram in the -ro"!em, one e;-!anation co$!# "e that as
the wire segment in "etween the magnets got !onger, it move# o$twar# away %rom the -o!es o% the 8S magnet
an# some o% the wire ha# a sma!!er %ie!# acting on it com-are# to the -arts in the center o% the magnet&
Another -ossi"!e so$rce o% error is that as the "ottom -art o% the !oo- gets !onger, the si#es wo$!# get shorter
"rining the to- -art o% the !oo- !ower #own an# the to- -art o% the !oo- wi!! "egin to e;ert a %orce in the
o--osite #irection !essening the net %orce on the wire&