Revision questions topics 8 and 18

1. A 0.25 M solution of ethanoic acid, CH3COOH, has a pH = 2.67 and an ionisation of 0.88!. "f #ate$ #as
added to this solution until the concent$ation of the ethanoic acid = 0.025M, #hat happens to the pH and
the pe$cent ionisation%
pH % ionisation
A. inc$eases inc$eases
&. inc$eases dec$eases
C. dec$eases inc$eases
'. dec$eases dec$eases
2. A 0.10 M solution of a #ea( )onop$otic acid is found to *e 5! dissociated. +hat is the nu)e$ical ,alue of
the e-uili*$iu) constant, .a, fo$ the acid. /M031
3. +hat is the 2H
3
4 fo$ a 0.010 M H5 solution% .a /H51 = 2.5 6 10
70
. /8881
. +hat is the 2H
3
4 concent$ation fo$ a solution that #as o$i9inall: 0.075 M in HC8% .a /HC81 = .8 6 10
710
.
/M801
5. ;i,en that H
3
/a-1 3 OH
7
/a-1 H2O /l1 H = 757 (<

and . =1.0 6 10
71
)ol
2
d)
76
at 208 ., #hich of the follo#in9 state)ents is=a$e co$$ect fo$ pu$e #ate$ at
60 C%

". pH > 7 "". 2H
3
4 ? 2OH
7
4 """. pH = 7 "@. 2H
3
4 = 2OH
7
4
A. " and "" onl: &. " and "@ onl: C. """ and "@ onl: '. "" onl:

6. Ah$ee acids, HA, H& and HC, ha,e the follo#in9 . ,alues
HA = 1.0 6 10
75
H& = 2.0 6 10
75
HC = 1.0 6 10
76
+hat is the co$$ect o$de$ of inc$easin9 st$en9th /#ea(est fi$st1%
A. HA, H&, HC &. HC, H&, HA C. HC, HA, H& '. H&, HA, HC

7. Ahe .a fo$ HCO3
7
$ep$esents the e-uili*$iu) constant fo$ the $eaction /8881
A. H2CO3 3 H2O H3O
7
3 HCO3
7
&. HCO3
7
3 H2O H3O
3
3 CO3
27

C. HCO3
7
3 H2O H2CO3
7
3 OH
7
'. HCO3
7
3 H3O
7
H2O 3 H2CO3
8. Bo$ #hich $eaction is the e-uili*$iu) constant called a *asicit: constant, .* % /M881
A. 8H3 3 H3O
3
8H
3
3 H2O &. 8H
3
3 OH
7
8H3 3 H2O
C. HB 3 OH
7
H2O 3 B
7
'. B
7
3 H2O OH
7
3 HB
0. Bo$ a 9i,en #ea( acid, HA, the ,alue of .a /M00=HC1
A. #ill chan9e #ith the pH
&. #ill chan9e #ith the pOH
C. #ill chan9e #ith te)pe$atu$e
'. cannot *e less than 10
77
10. Mi6in9 e-ual ,olu)es of the follo#in9 solutions #ill p$oduce a sodiu) h:d$o9en ca$*onate D sodiu)
ca$*onate *uffe$ in all cases E5CEFA /M07=Hl1
A. 1.0 M 8a2CO3 and 1.0 M 8aHCO3 &. 2.0 M 8aHCO3 and 1.0 M 8aOH
C. 2.0 M 8a2CO3 and 1.0 M HCl '. 2.0 M 8a2CO3 and 1.0 M 8aOH
11. +hich of the follo#in9 #ill fo$) *uffe$ solutions% /M07=HC1
". 25 )l of 0.01 M 8H3 3 50 )l of 0.01 M 8HCl
"". 25 )l of 0.01 M 8H3 3 50 )l of 0.01 M HCl
A. " onl: &. "" onl: C. &oth " and "" '. 8eithe$ " no$ ""
12. Ahe follo#in9 th$ee state)ents a*out a$e a*out *uffe$ solutions
". A *uffe$ solution could consist of e-ual concent$ations of a))onia and a))onia sulphate.
"". A *uffe$ solution could consist of e-ual concent$ations of nit$ic acid and a))oniu) nit$ate.
""". A *uffe$ solution #ill chan9e onl: sli9htl: in pH upon addition of st$on9 acid o$ st$on9 *ase.
A. " onl: &. "" onl: C. """ onl: '. " and """ onl:

13. A *uffe$ that consists of a )i6tu$e of sodiu) ethanoate and ethanoicacid /.a = 1.8 6 10
75
1 has a pH
5.05. Ahe 2CH3COO
7
=CH3COOH4 $atio in this *uffe$ is /888=HC1
A. 1G2 &. 1G3 C. 2G1 '. 3G1
1. A *uffe$ that consists of a )i6tu$e of a))onia /.* = 1.8 6 10
75
1 and a))oniu) sulfate has 2OH
7
4 =
6.0 6 10
76
M. Ahe 28H
3
=8H34 $atio in this *uffe$ is /)88HC1
A. 2G1 &. 1G3 C. 3G1 '. 2G 3
15 +hat is the pH of a solution #hich is 0.0100 )ol d)
73
in HA and also 0.0020 )ol d)
73
in 8aA
/.a = 0.0 6 10
76
1%
A. 3.75 &. .35 C. 5.65 '. 6.65
16. E-ual concent$ations of a))onia and a))oniu) chlo$ide #e$e )i6ed to 9i,e an a-ueous
*uffe$ solution #ith a pH = 0.3. +hich one of the follo#in9 actions #ould not $educe the pH of this
solution to 0.0% /M05=HC1
A. Addin9 so)e solid a))oniu) chlo$ide
&. Addin9 so)e concent$ated h:d$ochlo$ic acid
C. 'ilutin9 the solution #ith distilled #ate$
'. &oilin9 *$iefl: to e,apo$ate so)e of the a))onia
17. A *uffe$ solution is p$epa$ed *: )i6in9 0.050 )oles of nit$ous acid, H8O2 , and 0.20 )oles of sodiu)
nit$ite, 8a8O2 , in sufficient #ate$ to 9i,e 500 c) of solution. +hat is the pH of this solution%
/H8O2 .a = .5 6 10
7
1%
A. 1.07 &. 2.17 C. 2.7 '. 3.05
18. +hat is the .a of a 0.10 )ol d)
73
solution of a #ea( )onop$otic acid if the 2H
3
4 = 2.0 6 10
73
)ol
d)
73
%
A. 2.0 6 10
72
)ol d)
73
& 2.0 6 10
7
)ol d)
73
C. .0 6 10
75
)ol d)
73
'. .0 6 10
77
)ol d)
73


10. +hen the ph of a solution chan9es f$o) 2.0 to .0, the h:d$o9en ion concent$ation
A. inc$eases *: a facto$ of 100 &. inc$eases *: a facto$ of 2
C. dec$eases *: a facto$ of 2 C. dec$eases *: a facto$ of 100
FAFEH 2
1. /a1 'efine the te$)s IacidJ and I*aseJ in te$)s of &$onsted7Co#$: Aheo$:. 'esc$i*e an e6pe$i)ent
that could *e ca$$ied out in a school la*o$ato$: to dete$)ine #hethe$ a 0.1 M a-ueous solution
of a )onop$otic acid is a st$on9 acid o$ a #ea( acid. E6plain ho# the )easu$e)ents )ade can
*e used to ans#e$ this -uestion. 2104
/*1 Ktate the pu$pose of a *uffe$ solution. E6plain #h: *uffe$ solutions a$e p$epa$ed f$o) solutions
of #ea( acids and thei$ salts /o$ #ea( *ases and thei$ salts1 $athe$ than f$o) st$on9 st$on9
acids /o$ *ases1 and thei$ salts. Kuppo$t :ou$ ans#e$ #ith app$op$iate e-uations. 254
2. /a1 +$ite ionic e-uations fo$ the dissociation of dilute nit$ic acid in #ate$, and the dissociation of
ethanoic in #ate$. 224
/*1 /i1 Calculate the pH of a 0.20 M nit$ic acid solution. 214
/ii1 Lsin9 the info$)ation p$o,ided in ta*le 16 in :ou$ data *oo(let, calculate the pH of a 0.20 M
ethanoic acid solution. 234
/c1 Account fo$ the fact that these t#o acid solutions ha,e diffe$ent pH ,alues. 214
3. /a1 Calculate the pH of the solution fo$)ed #hen 1.00 c)
3
of 1.00 )ol d)
73
h:d$ochlo$ic acid
solution is added to 1.00 d)
73
of #ate$. 224
/*1 +hat is the pH of a *uffe$ solution containin9 0.100 )ol d)
73
ethanoic acid and 0.100 )ol d)
73

sodiu) ethanoate% 234
/c1 E6plain -ualitati,el: #h: addin9 1.00 c)
3
of 1.00 )ol d)
73
h:d$ochlo$ic acid to 1.00 d)
73
of the
*uffe$ solution a*o,e #ill ha,e little effect on the pH. 224
. /M001 F$opanoic acid, CH3CH2COOH, occu$s in dai$: p$oducts in s)all a)ounts.
/a1 +$ite a *alanced e-uation fo$ the $eaction that ta(es place #hen this acid is added to #ate$. 214
/*1 +$ite the ionisation constant e6p$ession fo$ this $eaction. 214
/c1 An a-ueous solution of p$opanoic acid 18.5 9 d)
73
has a pH of 2.73. Calculate .a fo$ p$opanoic acid.
234
/d1 "s an a-ueous solution of sodiu) p$opanoate, 8aCH3CH2COO, acidic, *asic, o$ neut$al% +$ite an
e-uation #hich #ill suppo$t :ou$ ans#e$. 224
/e1 Calculate . fo$ CH3CH2COO
7
. 214
/f1 Calculate the pH of a solution that is 0.15 M in 8aCH3CH2COO. 224
5. Ahe acid dissociation constant fo$ ethanoic acid, CH3COOH, is the .a = 1.8 6 10
75
at 25 C.
/a1 +hat is )eant *: the te$), acid dissociation constant%
/*1 +hat is the h:d$o9en ion concent$ation 2H
3
4 in a 0.15 M ethanoic acid solution%
/c1 +hat is the h:d$o9en ion concent$ation 2H
3
4 of a solution #hich consists of 0.15 )ole CH3COOH
and 0.32 )ole sodiu) ethanoate, 8aCH3COO%
/d1 +hat is the pH of a solution #hich is p$epa$ed *: addin9 500 c)
73
of 0.0 M CH3COOH to 500
c)
73
of 0.20 M 8aOH%
/e1 +h: could the solution in pa$t /d1 *e conside$ed as a *uffe$ solution%
6. +hat is the pH of a solution #hich is 0.0100 )ol d)
73
in HA and also 0.0020 )ol d)
73
in 8aA.
/. a = 0.0 6 10
7 6
1
7. /M071 A 50 )l po$tion of a 0.10 M solution of an un(no#n )onop$otic #ea( acid is tit$ated #ith a
standa$d solution of 8aOH. +hen the tit$ation is 50! co)plete, the pH of the solution is 3.85. +hat
is the .a of the acid%
8. /8071 +hat is the 2H
3
4 of a solution #hich is 0.100 )ol d)
73
in *enMoic acid and also 0.030 )ol d)
73

in sodiu) *enMoate /. a = 6.6 6 10
7 5
1.
0. /M081 Ahe follo#in9 ta*le is to *e used as app$op$iate in ans#e$in9 this -uestion.
Kolution Kolutes Conc /)ol d)
73
1 . /)ol d)
73
1
A
&
C
'
E
HCl /a-1
CH3COOH /a-1
8aOH /a-1
8H3 /a-1
CH3COO8a /a-1
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
. a = 1.8 6 10
7 5
. * = 1.8 6 10
7 5

/a1 Calculate the pH of solution A and indicate #h: no .a is 9i,en fo$ this solution. 224
/*1 Calculate the pH of solution &. Ktate an: assu)ptions )ade. 24
/c1 Kolutions & and C can *e )i6ed to fo$) a *uffe$ solution. 234
/i1 'esc$i*e the pu$pose of a *uffe$ solution.
/ii1 ;i,e the $elati,e a)ounts of solution & and C needed to fo$) a *uffe$ solution and outline :ou$
$easonin9.
/d1 ;i,e the fo$)ula fo$ the conNu9ate acid of 8H3 /a-1 /solution '1 214
/e1 'ete$)ine the p.* of solution '. 214
/f1 +hat colou$ #ould *e o*se$,ed #hen t#o d$ops of phenolphthalein a$e added to 10 )l of solution E%
E6plain :ou$ $easonin9. 224
10. /8061 A *uffe$ solution contains 0.28 M H2FO
7
and 0.35 M HFO
27
. +hat is the pH of this solution% /. a
fo$ H2FO
7
= 6.2 6 10
7 8
1