Chapter # 7 Circular Motion [1]

manishkumarphysics.in
Objective - I
1. When a particle moves in a circle with a uniform speed
(A) its velocity and acceleration are both constant
(B) its velocity is constant but the acceleration changes
(C) its acceleration is constant but the velocity changes
(D*) its velocity and acceleration both change
+ ) i ) -i i (-iii i ^ln ni r -
(A) ;i (^ nii -(i ii ln rn r|
(B) ;i (^ lnrni r, ln -(i l(lnn rini r|
(C) ;i -(i lnrni r, ln (^ l(lnn rin r|
(D*) ;i (^ )( -(i ii ri l(lnn rin r|
Sol. D
Due to centripetal force, particle moves in a circle. Centripetal force
provides thecentripetal acceleration, directionof centripetal acceleration
always applied towards the centre.
v
v
a
r
a
r
Particle moves in a circle with a uniform speed mean magnitude of
velocity&centripetal acceleration is constant. Causes of centripetal
force directionof the velocityis continuouslychanges.
2. Two cars having masses m
1
and m
2
move in circles of radil r
1
and r
2
respectively. If they complete the circles
in equal time, the ratio of their angular speeds
1
= /
2
= is -
m
1
nii m
2
-ii i i -i r
1
nii r
2
lii ( nii ii ^lniir| l( -i-- ( -i i l-i i ni
r ni i iii ii i in
1
= /
2
= r -
(A) m
1
/ m
2
(B) r
1
/ r2 (C) m
1
r
1
/ m
2
r
2
(D*) 1
Sol. For complete one circle
T =
v
r 2t
=
w
2t
for m
1
car T
1
=
1
w
2t
for m
2
car T
2
=
2
w
2t
Given T
1
= T
2
1
w
2t
=
2
w
2t

2
1
w
w
= 1
3. Acar moves at a constant speed on a road as shown in figure (7-Q2). The normal force by the road on the car
in N
A
and N
B
when when it is at the points Aand B respectively.
li - lin i ^; ) i ln i ^lnii r| + r l+ Anii l+ B rini r ni i i
li+(n lnli +-i N
A
nii N
B
rini r -
(A) N
A
= N
B
(B) N
A
> N
B
(C*) N
A
< N
B
(D) insufficient
Chapter # 7 Circular Motion [2]
manishkumarphysics.in
Sol. Here r
B
> r
A
....... (1)
N
A
= mg
A
2
r
mv
....... (2)
A
B
mg
mg
N
B N
A
A
2
r
mv
B
2
r
mv
& N
B
= mg
B
2
r
mv
....... (3)
fromequation (1) , (2) &(3) we get
N
B
> N
A
4. Aparticle of mass mis observed froman inertial frame of reference and is found to move in a circle of radius
r with a unifrom speed v. The centrifugal force on it is
)-(ili ni ii )m-ii i r lii ( -iii i )-iiv ^lniilinrini
r| ; i +r -
(A)
r
mv
2
towards the centre (B)
r
mv
2
away from the centre
(C)
r
mv
2
along the tangent through the particle (D*) zero i
(A)
r
mv
2
i i (B)
r
mv
2
i i
(C)
r
mv
2
i ^ (ii -i ii li (D*) i
Sol. D
Centrifugal force is a pseudo force. If we work froman inertial frame, there is no need to applyany
pseudo force, centrifugal force acts because we describe the particle froma rotatingframe whichis non
inertial andstill use Newton's law.
5. A particle of mass m roatates in a circle of radius a with a uniform angular speed = . It is viewed from a,
frames rotating about the z-axis with a uniform angular speed
0
= . The centrifugal force on the particle is -
m -ii )i alii (-iii i )-ii iii = i i ri r| ;i z-i ln
0
= i ii
i ii r li ni lin li ini r| i ^ ri i +r -
(A) m
2
= (B*) m
2
0
= a (C) m
a
2
2
0
|
|
.
|

\
|
= + =
(D)m=
0
= a.
Sol. B
Centrifugal force on the particle is =mw
2
r
Here angular speed is 'w
0
'
and radius is 'a'
So centrifugal force is =mw
0
2
a
Centrifugal force is a pseudo force. It is equal to the magnitude of centrifugal force &its direction is
opposite tocentrifugal force.
6. A particle is kept fixed on a turnatable rotating uniformly. As seen from the ground , the particle goes in a
circle , its speed is 20 cm/ss and acceleration is 20 cm/s
2
.The particle is now shifted to a new position to
make the radius half of the original value.The newvalues of the speed and acceleration will be
) -i ii ^ln r iii - m -i i )i l-i ii ri r| -i i , i (-iii i
^lnii lii; ni r, ;i i20 -i/. nii -(i 20 cm/s
2
r| i i l(-iiln ;i lii i -i - lii
i iii li ini r ;i i iniii -(i -i r -
(A*) 10 cm/s, 10 cm/s
2
(B) 10 cm/s, 80 cm/s
2
(C) 40 cm/s, 10 cm/s
2
(D) 40 cm/s,40 cm/s
2
Chapter # 7 Circular Motion [3]
manishkumarphysics.in
Sol. A
Centripetal acceleration =
r
2
v
20 =
r
) 20 (
2
r = 20 cm
angular velocity =
r
v
=
20
20
=1 rad./s
The particle is nowshifted to a newposition to make the radius half of the original value.
Here angular velocity is not change r = 10 cmand e=1 rad/s
Speed = er = 1 10 = 10 cm/s
acceleration = e
2
r = 1
2
10 = 10 cm/s
2
.
7. Water in a bucket is whirled in a vertical circle with a string attached to it.The water does not fall down even
when the bucket is inverted at the top of its path. We conclude that in this position.
ii ii )+i-i i -i +i i (i i ( -iii i - i -ii ini r | i iii l+ +i i (i i ( -iii i - i -ii
ini r| i iii l+ +i-i -i ri ini r| l ii ii i ri l^ni r| ; l-iln - r-li lin r l-
(A) mg =
r
mv
2
(B) mg is greater than
r
mv
2
(C*) mg is not greater than
r
mv
2
(D) mg is not less than
r
mv
2
Sol. C
When mg >
r
m
2
v
then water doesn't make a vertical circle at the top of bucket.
r
m
2
v
mg
Position of this onlypossible whenmg <
r
m
2
v
.
8. A stone of mass m tied to a string of length is rotated in a circle with the other end of the string as the
centre.The speed of the stone is v. If the string bresks, the stone will move -
+i; i ii )l m-ii -i +ii (-iii i ;i i-ii ini r l;i i li (-i
rni r| -i i iv r| l ii -- ini r, ni -i ^ln ^i -
(A) towards the centre (B) away from the centre(C*) along a tangent (D) will stop
(A) i i (B) (C*) -i ii li (D) i)^i
Sol. C
l
T

m
v
r
m
2
v
(centrifugal force)
Due to tension, centripetal force is applied after breaks the string. Tension force is zero that causes
centripetal force is also zero. The stone will move alonga tangent.
9. Acoin placed on a rotating turntable just slips if is placed at a distance of 4 cm fromthe centre. if the angular
velocity of the turntable is doubled , it will just slip at a distance of
ii r )iii - 4 -i. ii ri )li lii ni r | l iii -i iii(^^i
li i ni r l i li ii ^i -
(A*) 1 cm (B) 2 cm (C) 4 cm (D) 8 cm
Chapter # 7 Circular Motion [4]
manishkumarphysics.in
Sol. A
Centrifugal force is same in both cases me
1
2
r
1
=me
2
2
r
2
.(1)
Given, e
2
= 2e
1
and r
1
= 4 cm
Fromequation (1)
me
1
2
4 = m (2e
1
)
2
r
2
r
2
= 1 cm.
10. Amotorcycle is going on an overbridge of radius R. The driver maintains a constant speed. As the motorcycle
is ascending on the overbrdge, the normal force on it -
)-i-i, Rlii i(l+ ^lniir| i;i i ln+i ini r| + -i-i;i(l+
+ i ii ni r, ni ; li+(n +-
(A*) increases (B) decreases (C) remains the same (D) flutuates
(A*) +ni r (B) - rini r (C) -i rni r (D) - ii ri ^ni r
Sol. A
At point A
n +
R
m
2
v
= mg cos u
u
R
B
A
v
R
m
N
2
v
+
mg
N = mg cos u
R
m
2
v
curved pathAto B, 'u' is decreases that causes cos u increases and that causes normal force increases.
11. Three identical cars, A, B and C are moving at the same speed on three bridges.The car Agoes on a plane
bridge B on a bridge convex upward and Cgoes on a bridge concave upward. Let F
A
, F
B
and F
C
be the normal
forces exerted by the cars on the bridges when they are at the middle of bridges.
ni )i i, A, Bnii C)-i i nini ^lniir| i A, -nn , i B + i i (n
n ^lnii r| + i n ^i ^ li+(n + -i F
A
, F
B
nii F
C
r -
(A) F
A
is maximum of the three forces. (B) F
B
is maximum of the three forces.
(C*) F
C
is maximum of the three forces (D) F
A
= F
B
= F
C
Sol. C
A
A
F
A
mg
(i)
B
B
mg
(ii)
R
m
F
2
B
v
+
C
C
(iii)
F
C
R
m
mg
2
v
+
Fromdiagram(i) F
A
=mg .(1)
Fromdiagram(ii) F
B
=mg
R
m
2
v
.(2)
Fromdiagram(iii) F
C
=mg +
R
m
2
v
.(3)
Equation (1), (2) and (3) we get F
C
> F
A
> F
B
.
Chapter # 7 Circular Motion [5]
manishkumarphysics.in
12. A train A runs from east to west and another train B of the same mass runs from west to east at the same
speed along the equator. Apresses the track with a force F
1
and B presses the track with a force F
2
.
l(i(nii - A( l-i i nii -i-i i - Bl- ( i i -i i ^lniir | -A, -
i F
1
+ nii - B, - i F
2
+ +ini r -
(A*) F
1
> F
2
(B) F
1
< F
2
(C) F
1
= F
2
(D) the information is insufficient to find the relation between F
1
and F
2
.
(D) F
1
nii F
2
-+i n l i ^; i in r|
Sol. A
Earth rotates fromwest to east.
Train'A' runs fromeast to west and train'B' runs fromwest to east. Train 'A' is runin opposite direction
of earth rotation. So, we conclude that train 'A' presses the track with a force F
1
is greater thanthe train
'B' press the track with a force F
2
.
So, F
1
> F
2
.
13. If the earth stops , rotating the apparent value of g on its surface will
(A) increase everywhere
(B) decrease everywhere
(C) remain the same everywhere
(D*) increase at some places and remain the same at some other places
l (i i-i + , ni ;i nr g i -i -
(A) --ii + i^i
(B) --ii - ri i^i
(C) --ii l(lnn r^i
(D*) -iii + i^i )( -iii l(lnnr^i
Sol. D
Apparent value of g
g' =
( ) R w g 2 sin R w g
2 2 2 2
u
............. (1)
At equator, u = 90
g' = g w
2
R ............. (2)
At pole, u = 0
g' = g ............. (3)
If the earth stops rotating
w = 0
Fromequation (1), (2) &(3) we canclude that
apparent value of g increase at same places and remain the same at pole.
14. Arod of length L is pivoted at one end and is rotated with a uniform angular velocity in a horizontal plane . Let
T
1
and T
2
be the tensions at the points L/4 and 3L/4 away from the pivoted ends. [Q. 14, HCV (obje-1)]
L +i; i ) )l i ilnn - ) -i iii (^ ilin i ini r| -ii l L/4 nii 3L/
4 li ni( T
1
nii T
2
r -
(A*) T
1
> T
2
(B) T
2
> T
1
(C) T
1
= T
2
(D) The relation between T
1
and T
2
depends on whether the rod rotates clockwise or anticlockwise
(D) T
1
nii T
2
- +i ; li ^i l liii(ni i- ri r i (i-i(n ii ri r|
Sol. A
Total mass of rod is 'm'
T
2
= F
C
............. (1) (F
C
= +ve)
T
1
= T
2
+ F
C
' ............. (2) (F
C
' = +ve)
w
L
L/4
3L/4
fromequation(2) we conclude
T
1
> T
2
Chapter # 7 Circular Motion [6]
manishkumarphysics.in
15. A simple pendulum having a bob of mass m is suspended from the ceiling of a car used in a stunt film
shotting . The car moves up along an inclined cliff at a speed v and makes a jump to leave the cliff and lands
at some distance . Let R be the maximum height of the car from the top of the cliff. The tension is the string
when the car is in air is
--- l- i il-^ - n ) i i n -i ^ ) i +i+ i -i m r| i ) lni --i
v i ^ln ni r nii --i -i nni r| -ii l--i i i-i i i lin-+i;
R r| + i r(i - r ni ii - ni( ri^i -
(A) mg (B) mg
r
mv
2
(C) mg +
r
mv
2
(D*) zero
Sol. D
When car in air
R
mv
2
=mg
At that time stringis losse and tension inthe stringis zero.
mg
mg Pseudo force
v
Bob
T
R
v
16. Let u doenote the angular displacement of a simple pendulam oscillating in a vertical plane. If the mass of
the bob is m, the tension in the string is mgcos u
-ii l(ii n- i r ii iiil(-ii u n li ini r, li +i+ i -i m
r, ni ii - ni( mgcos u ri^i -
(A) always r-ii
(B) never ii ri
(C*) at the extereme positions ln-l-ilni
(D) at the mean position -l-iln -
Sol. C
Here T =
r
mv
2
+ mg cos u
If T = mg cos u
v = 0
T
mg
m
u
u
If posible at extreme positions.
Objective - II
1. An object follows a curved path. The following quantities may remain during the motion -
(A*) speed (B) velocity (C) acceleration (D*) magnitude of acceleration
) (-n (ii i ^lniir| ^lni- l ilii ln r ni r -
(A*) i (B) (^ (C) -(i (D*) -(i i l-ii
Sol. AD
Anobject follows a curved path, magnitude of acceleration &magnitude of velocityis remainsame
v

= speed
2. Assume that the earth goes round the sun in a circular orbit with a constant speed of 30 km/s.
(A) The average velocity of the earth from 1st Jan , 90 to 30th June , 90 is zero
(B) The average acceleration during the above period is 60 km/s
2
.
(C) The average speed from 1st Jan , 90 to 31st Dec, 90 is zero.
(D*) The instantaneous acceleration of the earth points towards the sun.
-ii l(i 30 l-i,i-i i i ii i (-iii i l-i ni r -
(A) 1
st
Jan , 90 30
th
June,90 - in i i r|
(B) n i - in -(i 60 km/s
2
r|
(C) 1
st
Jan , 90 31
st
Dec, 90 - in i i r|
(D*) (i i ni-ili-(i i i ;l^n rni r|
Chapter # 7 Circular Motion [7]
manishkumarphysics.in
Sol. D
Earthgoes roundthe suninacircular orbit witha constant speedmeans
tangential accelerationis zero.
And direction of centripetal acceleration always towards to centre.
Sun
v
ar
earth
Sototal accelerationis equal tocentripetal accelerationandits tantaneous
acceleration of the earth points towards the sun.
3. The position vector of a particle in a circular motion about the origin sweeps out equal area in equal time. Its
(A) velocity remains constant (B*) speed remains constant
(C) acceleration remains constant (D*) tangential acceleration remains constant
ln (-iii i ^lniii i l-iln li -i -- -i ii nni r| ;i -
(A) (^ ln rni r (B*) i ln rni r
(C) -(i ln rni r| (D*) -i ii -(i ln rni r
Sol. BD
It is onlyposible when magnitudeof velocityor tangetial acceleration remains constant.
4. A particle is going in a spiral path as shown in figure (7-Q3) with constant speed.
) i ln i lii i i -i i ^lnii r
(A) The velocity of the particle is constant i i ( ^ ln r |
(B) The acceleration of the particle is constant i i -(i ln r |
(C*) The magnitude of accleration is constant i -(i i l-ii ln r |
(D) The magnitude of accleration is decreasing continuously. i -(i i l-ii ln - ri ri r |
Sol. C
Magnitude of accleration is constant.
5. A car of mass M is moving on a horizontaly on a circular path of radius r. At an instant its speed is v and is
increasing at a rate a.
r lii ( -iii i M -i i ) i i ln ^lnii r | li ii ;i i v r nii r a + ri
r
(A) The acceleration of the car is towards the centre of the path
i i -(i , i i i r |
(B*) The magnitude of the frictional force on the car is greater than
r
mv
2
i ^ r ii i + i l-ii
r
mv
2
li r |
(C*) The friction coefficient between the ground and the car is not less than a/g.
i )( -i - ii i ^ ii i -i a/g - ri r |
(D) The friction coefficient between the ground and the car is

= tan
1
rg
v
2
i )( -i - ii i ^ ii = tan
1
rg
v
2
r |
Sol. BC
Here friction force provide the centripetal force
and also provide the acceleration 'a'.
u
v
a
mv /r
2
f
S
f '
S
f
S
s N
f
S
s mg
f
S
cos u = ma ............... (1)
Chapter # 7 Circular Motion [8]
manishkumarphysics.in
f
S
sin u =
r
mv
2
............... (2)
fromequation (1) &(2)
f
S
=
( )
2
2
2
r
mv
ma
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
{The magnetude of the friction force on the car is greater the
r
mv
2
}
f
S
s mg
So mg >
( )
2
2
2
r
mv
ma
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
>
2
2
2
rg
v
g
a
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
The frictioncoefficient between the ground and the car is not lessthan
g
a
.
6. Acircular road of radius r is banked for a speed v = 40 km/hr. Acar of mass attempts to go on the circular
road. The friction coefficient between the tyre and the road is negligible.
r lii i ( -iii i v =40 km/hr i i l + ln ^i r | m -i i ) i ; ( -iii i ^ln
ni r | nii -ii - ii i ^ ii ^ r
(A) The car cannot make a turn without skidding.
i l l+i ri i - ni r |
(B*) If the car turns at a speed less than 40 km/hr, it will slip down
l i i -i i 40 km/hr, - r , ni r i i i l ^i|
(C) If the car turns at the current speed of 40 km/hr, the force by the road on the car is equal
r
mv
2
l i i -i i -i 40 l-i/i -i r , ,ii i ^ii ^i +
r
mv
2
+i+ r |
(D*) If the car turns at the correct speed of 40 km/hr, the force by the road on the car is greater than mg as
well as greater than
r
mv
2
l i i -i i -i 40 l-i/i-i r , ,ii i + mg li ri ^i ii ri r
r
mv
2
ii li
ri^i|
Sol. BD
Conditionof bonkingequation
tanu =
rg
v
2
If speed less than 40 km/hr it will slip down.
Normal force applied by the road on the car is
N =
( )
2
2
2
r
mv
mg
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
N> mg & N >
r
mv
2
Chapter # 7 Circular Motion [9]
manishkumarphysics.in
7. A person applies a constant force
F

on a particle of mass m and finds that the particle moves in a circle of

radius r with a uniform speed v as seen from an inertial frame of reference.
-(i l i n i - l-in ) ln m -i i ) ln +
F

^ini r nii r lin ni r l i r

lii ( -iii i ) -i i v ^ln ri r
(A) This is not possible. r i( ri r |
(B*) There are other forces on the particle i + ^ r r |
(C) The resultant of the other forces is
r
mv
2
towards the centre.
+i i lii-i +
r
mv
2
r , li lii i i r |
(D*) The resultant of the other forces varies in magnitude as well as in direction.
+i i lii-i + i l-ii )( lii ln l(ln n ri ni r |
Sol. BD
Applied constant force
F

, provides the centripetal force that causes particle move in a circle. It also
varies inmagnitude as well as in direction bythe external agent.