Ingles 2 Work Book

SECOND EDI TI ON
John and Liz Soars

Sylvia Wheeldon OXJORD
T
E
S
T
I
N
G
1
Get t ing t o
know you
Grammar: Tenses questions
Vocabulary: Words with more than
one meaning
Pronunciation: Phonetic symbols
Tenses
1 Recognizing tenses
Complete the texts using the verbs in the box.
Vanessa Ying Lo
from Hong Kong
m living like play made comes m going to look
m !
arrived s studying
Vanessa (1) .from Hong Kong. She (2) ___________ mathematics at McGill University,
in Montreal, Canada.
I (3)_______________ the people very much. They are warm and friendly. When I first (4)_______________ ,
I was very worried, but I soon (5)______________ friends. I (6)________________ in a dormitory. It takes me
five minutes to walk downtown, where I can shop or go to cafes and clubs. I often
(7)_______________sports heresoccer and tennis. I (8)_______________ for a job in a bank
when I finish. Maybe here in Montreal. Who knows?
Steven Sonnenberg (1)
______________
studied speaks emigrated was born
in Germany, but he (2) _
6 years old. He (4) with his parents when he (3)__________
He (5)_______________ three languagesGerman, English, and Spanish.
I (6)_______________ law at Harvard from 2000 to 2004. Now I (7)___
international studies at the Sorbonne in Paris. After that, I (8)_________
m going was
to Boston
_ two sisters.
m getting
a degree in
on vacation to
Mexico. I cant wait to see the Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City.
Nick and Carol Taylor
from Canada
come teaches got helps re going to study re staying are doing love
Nick and Car
married last
Camp Kenya
(5)
playgrounds
The kids (7)
When Nick a
ol (1) volunteer work in Kenya for a year. They (?)
year, but decided to live abroad before starting their careers. They (3) at
with SO other volnntppr;, who (4) from all over the world. Carol
Fnplkh, and Nirk (6) local people to build schools and
soccer, says Nick, and now theyve got a real field to play on.
nd Carol go back to Canada, they (8) to be teachers.
2 Unit 1 Getting to know you
ng the correct form
the correct form of the verb.
r m speaking / 1 speak / I m speak
~ languagesFrench, Spanish,
i d : English.
A ''nere does Han come /
Han come / i s Han coming from?
S Shes Korean. She comes
rrom Seoul.
1. A nat you do / do you do /
,i re you doing tonight?
B I'm going out.
A A ^ATieres George?
3 He takes / s taking / take a shower.
I 5 A What means this word / does
nean this word / does this
wrd mean?
B I dont know. Look it up.
- A Do you want a hot dog?
B Xo, thanks. I dont eat meat /
no eat meat / eat meat not.
7. last year I went /go / was go
:c Europe on vacation.
* How long you stay / did you stay /
stayed you in Europe?
- The weekend was boring. I no do /
didnt / didnt do anything.
A I m going to college next year.
B What are you going to / you going
to / do you study?
Correcting mistakes
Correct the mistakes in these sentences.
1. On the weekend I m usually
go swimming.
I. Are you enjoy the party?
3 We cant play tennis because it rains,
4. How many sisters you have?
5. I no understand what youre saying.
6. What you do tonight?
7. What time you get home last night?
8. Last weekend I see some friends
and we have dinner.
9. Im go see my friends tonight.
We go to the movies.
10. I m loving Brazilian food.
I ts wonderful!
Question forms
4 Making questions with auxiliaries
Write Yes/No questions for these sentences.
1. Shes J apanese. Is she Japanese?
2. I ts raining. _______________
3. Theyre at school. _______________
4. Theyre studying English. _______________
5. Y oure tired. _______________
6. She was at home last night. _______________
7. I m right. _______________
8. He was born in 1960. _______________
9. Were going to see J im. _______________
5 Making questions with do, does, or did
Write Y es/No questions for these sentences.
1. You like music. Do you like music?
2. She comes from Mexico. ________________
3. They live in an apartment. ________________
4. Y ou take sugar in your tea. ________________
5. I speak English well. ________________
6. She watched a movie last night.________________
7. I t started at 8:00. ________________
8. You want to go home. ________________
9. He works hard. ________________
6 Question words
Ivlatch the questions in A with the answers in B.
A
B
1. What do you d o ? ------------------------ a. Fifty dollars.
2. Who did you go out with last night? \
b. Twenty-five.
3. Where do you live? \
c. Fine. And you?
d. Maria and Pedro.
4. Whens your birthday? \ ^ _
- e. Im a teacher.
5. Why are you wearing a suit?
f. The Times.
6. How many students are there in the class? g. Its today!
7. How much did you pay for your shoes?
h. Im sure its mine.
8. How are you?
i. In an apartment
downtown.
9. Whose money is this?
j. Because 1have a job
10. Which newspaper do you read?
interview.
Unit 1 Getting to know you 3
7 Which question word?
GUO Complete the conversation with question words
3. parents / right / where / your / now / are / ?
4. movies / you / go / last / when / did / the / to / ?
5. studying / you / why / English / are / ?
8 Word order
Put the words in the correct order to make questions.
Then answer the questions about you.
1. you / last / get / for / what / birthday / did / your / ?
2. is / who / teacher / your / English / ?
Kate Hi, Dad.
Dad Morning, Kate. (1)_________ are you today?
Kate Fine, thanks. A little tired.
Dad I didnt hear you come home last night.
(2)________ time did you get in?
Kate About 11:00.
Dad (3)________ did you go?
Kate J ust to Beths house.
Dad Theres a letter for you on the table.
Kate Oh! (4)________ s it from?
Dad I dont know. Open it and see.
Kate Oh!
Dad (5)________ s the matter?
Kate Nothing. I ts from Luis in Mexico.
Dad Thats interesting.
Kate He says hes coming to the U.S.
Dad ( 6 ) ________ ?
Kate Because hes going to study English.
Dad (7)________ s he going to stay?
Kate Here in San Francisco.
Dad (8)________school is he going to?
Kate He doesnt know yet.
Dad (9)________ is he coming?
Kate Next month.
Dad You should invite him over. (10)_________ dont
you write back and invite him to dinner?
Kate OK, I will. Thanks, Dad.
6. you / how / to / get / school / do / ?
7. brothers and sisters / you / many / have / how / do / ?
9 What +noun, How +adjective or adverb
Match a question word in A with a word in B and a line
in C. Then answer the questions about you.
A B C
/
-time ^ shoe do you wear?
color - did you get up this morning?
far do you read?
How 1 tall is it from your house to downtown?
kind are you?
What' much is your hair?
often do you go swimming?
size does a burger usually cost?
long of music do you like?
newspaper does your English class last?
1. What time did you get up this morning?
2. _________________________________________
3. _______________________________
4. _______________________________
5. _______________________________
6. __________________________________
7. _______________________________
8. _______________________________________
9. _______________________________
10_______________________________
Reading
10 If you cant master English, try Globish
1 Read the text and answer the questions.
1. What sort of English is Globish?
2. Who speaks it?
3. Translate the full Globish conversation between the
Russian and the I talian into English.
4. How does J ean-Paul Nerriere describe Globish?
5. What language did the hundred colleagues speak in?
6. Why didnt they understand J im and Bill?
2 Find words in the text that mean:
1. the act of traveling from one place to another
2. a person who makes or thinks of something new
3. the most important part of something
4. the people you work with
5. people who learned English as their first language
3 Complete the questions.
1. Who_______________
IBM.
2. ______________________________________
. work for?
. good English?
Yes, excellent English.
3. How_______________
I t has 1,500.
4. When____
While he was at a meeting in Paris.
5. What_____________________________?
A version of Globish to help Americans understand.
By Daniel Klune International Herald Tribune
If you cant master
English, try Globish
I t happens all the time. You are at an airport,
and the man on your left, who is maybe
Russian, starts talking to the man across the
aisle, who is maybe I talian, and soon they are
talking in what seems to be English:
Where you fly?
Paris. You?
I go New York business.
When arrive?
Four tomorrow in afternoon.
Children?
One boy, two girl. You?
No. Only girlfriend.
OK. Have nice trip.
Thanks. And you.
They dont know it, but the Russian
and the Italian are speaking Globish.
Its inventor, a Frenchman named
J ean-Paul Nerriere, doesnt see it as
a real language.
It isnt a language, its a tool, a means
of global communication. I ts a sort of
English litesimple language that
people all over the world can understand.
The language spoken all over the
world, by 88% of the people, is not
exactly English, but it works; it does
the job.
Nerriere, who retired from the
computer giant IBM, speaks excellent
English. The main feature of Globish is
that it has only 1,500 words. Grammar
isnt important. He had the idea while
he was at a meeting in Paris. Before the
meeting, 100 colleagues from more than
40 different countries were talking in
a sort of English. Everyone was happy,
and everyone understood. Then the two
American speakers arrived to talk to the
group. They began by saying, Hi, Im
J im, Hi, Im Bill, but after that no one
understood a word they said. And the
Americans had difficulty understanding
other people in the group.
This is the problem. Do native
speakers of English understand Globish?
No worries. Nerriere is writing a
version of Globish to help Americans
understand.
W " .................
Pronunciation
11
i
Words with the same pronunciation
G3D Some words have the same
pronunciation, but a different spelling
and a different meaning.
/si/ see sea
/bai/ buy Bye!
/tu/ two too
/sAn/ son sun
2 G3B Write the other word (with a different spelling
and meaning) for the words in phonetic symbols.
A B
1. Inoul
2. /aur/
3. /rait/
4. /nu:/
5. /hir/
no
our
right
knew
here
Phonetic symbols
Q3D Phonetic symbols help with pronunciation.
Write the words in B next to the correct phonetic
symbols in A.
A B
1. /s r I/
scissors
2. /nr)/ mouse
3. /sizarz/ chewing gum
4. /hfrbrAj/
ring
5. /watj/ cell
6. /tjun] gAm/
watch
7. /walat/
hairbrush
8. /mans/
wallet
3 G U O Write the correct spelling.
1. I have/tu:/________ /sA nz/___________
2. Doyou/nso/_________ the answer?
3. Could you /rai t/_________your address down,
please?
4. What did you /bai /_________ at the mall?
5. I cant/ si / _________ you. Where are you?
e
Words with silent letters
H l H Many words have letters which
we write, but we dont pronounce.
/lisn/ listen
/to:k/ talk
/rait/ write/right
/fbren/ foreign
/aibnd/ island
4 G 3 D Write the spelling of the words in phonetic
symbols. Careful! They all have silent letters.
1. /aenssr/___________
2. / inerid/___________
3. /doitar/___________
4. /nai f/___________
5. /nerbor/___________
6. /wsnzdei/___________
7. /ei ti/___________
8. /nai t/_______ __
Vocabulary
12 Words with more than one meaning
1 Look at the dictionary entries. I n each sentence below, which
of the definitions is kind an example of?
1. I kind of like her. ________
2. It was very kind of you to help me. ________
3. What kind of music do you listen to?________
1 k i n d /kaind/ adj (kinder, kindest) caring about others;
friendly and generous: a kind and helpful person Be kind
to animals. Thank you for your kind invitation.
2 k i n d /kaind/ n [C] a group of people or things that are
the same in some way; a type or sort: This store sells all
kinds of things. What kind of house do you live in?
3 k i n d o f (informal) a little: Hes kind of strange, but I
like him.
2 Complete the sentences with a word from the box. Use each
word twice with a different meaning.
course match fine party
train suit miss leaves
1. How are you? I m___________ , thanks.
I got a parking ticket. T he_________ __ is $200.
2. I m having a____________ on Saturday. Can you come?
The Democrats are a political___________ in the U.S.
3. Y our tie is nice, but it doesnt ___________ your shirt.
Did you see the tenni s____________ on TV yesterday?
4. I m wearing a____________ to the interview.
Patty likes the theater, so New Y ork should
____________ her!
5. Athletes have to___________ very hard.
Im catching the___________ at 10:00 in the morning.
6. Im going now. I dont want to___________ the train.
I m happy in Miami, but I ___________ my family.
7. Im going to take an English___________ this summer.
Do you love me? Of___ I________ I do.
8. The____________ on the trees are beautiful in autumn.
My trai n___________ at 9:00, so I dont want to be late.
Check it
13 Correcting mistakes
1. Im coming from Brazil.
2. Where do she come from?
3. I have 27 years.
4. When you go bed last night?
5. What do you do last night? .
6. Carlos spend too much money on
designer clothes.
7. I studied for two years at school English.
8. Who is bag is this? I ts mine.
9. Where you go on vacation this year?
Ill go to Miami in August.
10. He have long blond hairs and blue eyes.
14 Listening
Life in a new city
1 o a o Kathy has recently moved to New York
City to start a new job. Listen to her telephone
conversation with a friend from home. Are
these sentences true ( / ) or false (X)? Correct the
false ones.
1. [I ] Kathy moved to New York three weeks ago.
2. [H She comes from California.
3. O She teaches science at a college.
4. O She likes exercising.
5. O She has blue eyes and red hair.
6. [ i Her perfect man has blond hair.
2 Put the words in the right order to make
questions. Answer the questions.
1. Kathy / her / did / when / job / start / ?
2. the / she / does / weekends / what / doing / on /
like / ?
3. does / where / teach / she / ?
4. boyfriend / how / perfect / old / is / her / ?
The way we l i ve
Grammar: Present tenses Present
Continuous
Vocabulary: have/take + noun
Pronunciation: -s at the end of
a word
Present Simple
Lifestyles
Are the sentences about...
Alta, in Norway, and its citizens?
the Tuareg tribe in the Sahara Desert?
Write A for Alta or T for Tuareg. Then check your
answers below.
1. The town lies inside the Arctic Circle, and the sun
doesnt rise between November and J anuary.
2. _____ The nomads live in the desert in North Africa. They
travel by camel. They have goats, cows, and sheep.
3. ____ They live in tents. When visitors come, they put out
carpets and cushions, and drink mint tea.
4. _____ People meet in the sports center. I n the evenings it is
full of people taking aerobics classes and working out
on the treadmills.
5. The men wear veils, not the women, and they never
take them off, even when they eat. No one ever sees a
man without his veil.
6. _____ It is a society where women are free and independent.
They make their own decisions in life.
7. ______ In the cafe, all the tables have strong lamps. These
make people feel happier and help them to sleep.
8. A lot of people find it difficult to sleep. Some people
get confused and arrive for tea with friends at 4 a .m .
instead of 4 p .m .
9. In the summer people go swimming in the fjord and
have picnics in the country.
10 . _____ Most people are Muslim, but they dont speak
Arabic.They have their own language and alphabet.
V 8 V Z
17 VL
SJ3M5UV
2 Making questions
Here are the answers to some questions about the lifestyles in
Exercise 1. Write the questions.
I n Alta
1. Does the sun rise between November and J anuary?
No, it doesnt.
2. Where_____________________________________________?
I n the sports center.
3. . in the sports center?
They take aerobics classes and work out.
4. Where_____________________________
I n the fjord.
The Tuareg
5. How_____
By camel.
6. What animals.
Goats, cows, and sheep.
7. Where______________
In tents.
They put out carpets and cushions.
3 Making negatives
Complete these negative sentences.
. when visitors come?
I n Alta
1. The people__
three months.
2. They________
.(not see) the sun for
3. Sometimes they.
right time.
4. They__________
.(not sleep) very well.
__________ (not arrive) at the
(not go) out much in the winter.
The Tuareg
5. They___
6. They___
7. The men.
1. They______
the women.
. (not live) in towns.
.(not speak) Arabic.
(not take) off their veils.
. (not make) decisions for
4 Short answers
Answer the questions about you. Use
short answers.
1. Do you speak Chinese?
Yes. I do. / No, I dont._____________
2. Do you like science fiction?
3. Do you dream a lot?
4. Do you listen to the radio?
5. Do your parents read a lot?
6. Does your teacher give you a lot of homework?
7. Does your school have a swimming pool?
8. Does it rain a lot where youre from?
5 Spelling of the third person singular
Write the third person singular of these verbs.
1. live lives 15. enjoy
2. work 16. buy
3. speak 17. play
4. love 18. say
5. make 19. have
6. wash
washes 20. do
7. watch 21.
go
8. relax
9. finish
10. kiss
11. carry carries
12. study
13. fly
14. try
Unit 2 The way we live
Present Simple or
Continuous?
6 Spelling of the present participle
1. read
2. swim
3. come
4. rain
5. wear
6. think
7. shine
8. have
9. take
10. wait
11. get
12. stop
13. run
14. begin
reading
swimming
coming
8 What does she do? or What is she doing?
Look at the picture and answer the questions.
Choosing the correct form
Choose the correct form of the verb.
1. I go I m going to work now.
Goodbye!
2. I read / m reading a book about
samba music.'
3. I read / m reading lots of books
every year.
4. We go / re going to a party
on Saturday.
5. Nurses take / are taking care of
people in the hospital.
6. Li-an comes/s coming from Taipei.
7. She comes / s coming for dinner
this evening.
8. I speak / rn speaking four languages.
9. Do you want / Are you wanting to go
out tonight?
1. What does Wendy do? Shes a nurse.
2. Is she working in the hospital now? No, she isnt.
3. whats she doing? Shes having dinner.__________
4. What does Frank do?_______________________
5. Is he working in the restaurant now?
6. Whats he doing?_________________
7. What does Tony do?______________
8. Is he driving a taxi now?___________
9. Whats he doing?_________________
10. What does Lisa do?______________
11. Is she working in the kitchen now?.
12. Whats she doing?_______________
10 Unit 2 The way we live
Im Frank.
Im a waiter
Im Wendy.
Im a nurse,
Im Tony.
Im a taxi driver,
have/don't have
9 Making statements and negatives
Look at the picture of Catherines bedroom.
10 Short answers
Answer the questions about
Catherine. Use short answers.
1. Does Catherine have a
messy bedroom?
Yes, she does._____________
2. Does she have posters on
her walls?
3. Does she have a lot of clothes?
4. Does she have a camera?
5. Does she have a computer?
6. Does she have a lamp in
her room?
Answer the questions about you.
7. Do you have a DVD player?
8. Do you have a lot of money?
9. Do you have a digital camera?
10. Do you have a good
American accent?
Complete the sentences with has or doesn t have.
1. She doesnt have a CD player.
2. She____________ a tennis racket.
3. She____________ a lot of CDs.
4. She____________ a television.
5. She____________ a computer.
6. She___________ an MP3 player.
7. She___________ a cell phone.
8. She___________ many shoes.
9. She___________ a lot of posters.
10. She__________ a sofa.
\
Unit 2 The way we live 1
Vocabulary
11 have/take + noun =activity
Vocabulary spot
1 Have and take are often used with a noun
to express a form of action.
I took a bath and went to bed.
Where did you have lunch?
Have a good weekend!
2 Notice that, with meals, we do not use a.
I had breakfast/lunch.
Complete the sentences with a form of have or take and
a noun from the box.
have argument look dream shower
take break day time trip
1. A Bye. I m going to the party now!
B OK_____________ a good____________!
2. A Im going to _________a____________ and
wash my hair, then go to bed.
B OK. Good night!
3. A I brought my vacation pictures. Do you want to
___________ a____________ at them?
B Well, I really do want to see them, but I have to
go right now.
4. A Were driving to San Francisco tomorrow.
B ___________ a good____________ !I hope the
traffic isnt too bad.
5. A I need some coffee. Can we____________ a
___________ now?
B Sure, why not? Id like a cup of coffee, too.
6. A Did you___________ a good____________ at the
office, dear?
B No, I didnt. I t was terrible.
7. A My boss is always angry with me. Today we
___________ an____________ because I was late
for work.
B Hmm. Maybe you should change jobs.
8. A I ___________ a really strange____________last
night. I dreamed I could fly.
B Really? I have that dream all the time!
Pronunciation
12 -5 at the end of a word
G 3 E J There are three pronunciations: Is/, /z/, and /iz/.
-5at the end of a word appears in...
plural nouns
books trains houses
he/ she/ i t * Present Simple
gets lives washes
possessive';
Pats house Johns car Lizs book
i o a o How are these words ending in -s pronounced?
Write the words in the correct columns.
works watches boys hands
Mikes Chriss Peters laughs
goes sandwiches lights news
wears chooses wins pieces
A /s/
B /iz/ C IV
works watches boys
0
O cam When a word ends in -s, we often dont
pronounce the t or d before it.
I
She sends /ssnz/ her love.
The food tastes /teists/ good.
What kinds /kainz/ of ice cream do you have?
12 Unit 2 The way we live
V
I i V
'
2 G U I S Practice saying these sentences.
1. My hands /hsenz/ are cold.
2. What are your favorite subjects
/sAbd3sks/?
3. My cat understands/Andarstaenz/
everything I say.
4. Brian collects /kaleks/ stamps.
5. The movies good, but it ends /enz/
strangely.
6. I relands /aiorbnz/ hotels are great.
7. The facts /faeks/ are clear.
8. My boyfriends /boifrenz/ family is
very nice.
3 k i d Underline the words you hear.
1. I like your friend /friends.
2. The books / books are interesting.
3. The house is / houses are big.
4. They had a sandwich / sandwiches
for lunch.
5. My hands hurt / hand hurts.
Check it
1. Tom drive 10 kilometers to work
every day.
2. What languages does Helen speaks?
3. I studying J apanese at the University
of California.
4. I not like fish.
5. J ack and Tommy is playing soccer
in the yard.
6. I have a cup of tea always in
the morning.
7. Air Canada flys to more than 170
cities worldwide.
8. Have you any brother or sister?
9. Karen have always the latest
designer jeans.
10. Fiona no has any children.
Complete the text with a verb from the box in the correct tense.
Use each of the verbs once only except for have.
be call come cook have (x2) ive
work love play swim teach look for
J o and Nikki both (1)___________from the U.S., but Nikki now
(2) in Australia. Nikki (3)___________J o all the way
from Sydney. I t (4)___________nine oclock in the morning there,
and Nikkis children (5)___________In Seattle it is two in the
afternoon, and J os children (6)___________at home. Nikki never
(7 )__________ in the kitchen. She and her family usually
(8 )__________ barbecues in the backyard. Nikki (9)-----------------
part-time, three mornings a week, and she (10)----------------her job.
Her husband, Dave, (11)__________ a good, new job, but its very
tiring. J o (12)___________at City College at the moment, but she
(13)__________ another job.
14 Listening
A life in Australia
G30 J o lives in Seattle. Her old
friend, Nikki, emigrated to Sydney,
Australia, a year ago. Listen to the
conversation between Nikki and J o
and answer the questions.
1. Where does Nikki come from?
2. How is the weather in Seattle?
3. Whats the time difference between
Seattle and Sydney?
4. What are Nikkis children doing?
5. What are J os children doing?
6. Where does Nikki usually cook?
7. Whats good about Nikkis job?
What isnt so good?
8. Is Dave enjoying his job?
Why is his job not so good?
9. Does Nikki have lots
of friends?
10. What does J o do?
Unit 2 The way we live 1]
What
happened next ?
Grammar: Past Simple Past
Continuous Prepositions of ti
Vocabulary: Adverbs
Pronunciation: Irregular and regu
past verbs
The Burglars
Friend
Past Simple
1 Choosing the right verb
1 What is the past tense of these verbs? They are all
irregular except one.
leave catch hear
hold ______ say _________ take
give tell _________ see
carry get ______ cant
keep think find
2 Complete the article The Burglars Friend with a
verb from Exercise 1in the Past Simple.
2 Making negatives
Here are some sentences about the story. Correct
the mistakes.
1. Russell got up at two oclock.
He didnt get up at 2:00. Hegot up at 3:00.
2. He got up because he was thirsty.
3. He heard a noise in the kitchen.
4. He found three men.
5. Russells mother kept her wallet in her handbag.
6. They left at five oclock.
7. When they left, Russell watched TV.
8. The police caught the burglars the next day.
14 Unit 3 What happened next?
His parents were fast asleep in b
It was three o'clock in the morning when 4-year-old
Russell Brown (1)____3i____ up to go to the bathroom.
His parents were fast asleep in bed. But when he
(2 ) __________ a noise in the living room and
(3) _ _ _ _ _ _ a light was on, he went downstairs.
There he (4)___________two men. They asked him his
name and (5)___________him they were friends of
the family.
Unfortunately, Russell believed them. They asked him
where the TV and DVD player were. Russell showed th<
and (6)__________ they had a stereo and CD player, toe
The two men (7)__________ these to the kitchen. Russel
also told them that his mother (8)__________ her wallet
drawer in the kitchen, so they (9)----------------that. Russ*
even (10)___________them his pocket money50 cents
They finally (11)__________ at 4 a .m. They said, "Will y
open the back door while we take these things to the cai
because we don't want to wake Mommy and Daddy, O
So Russell (12)___________the door open for them.
He then went back to bed.
His parents didn't know about the burglary until they g
up the next day. His father said, "I (13)---------------- be a
with Russell because he (14)___________he was doing t
right thing."
Fortunately, the police (15)___________the two burglar
last week.
bed
m.
3 Making questions
Write questions for these answers.
1. Why / get up?
Why did Russell get up?__________
Because he wanted to go to the bathroom.
2. Where / his parents?
They were in bed.
3. Why / go downstairs?
Because he heard a noise and saw a light on.
4. How many men / find?
?
Two.
5. What / tell him?
They told him they were friends of
the family.
6. Where / keep / her wallet?
In a drawer in the kitchen.
7. How much pocket money / give them?
Fifty cents.
When / they / finally leave?
At 4 A.M .
9. When / find out about the burglary?
The next day.
10. When / catch / the two burglars?
Short answers
Answer the questions about Russell. Use short answers.
1. Did Russell disturb the burglars? Y&s, he did.________
2. Did he know they were burglars?---------------------------
3. Did his mother keep her wallet in the kitchen?.
4. Did Russell open the door for the burglars?___
5. Was Russells father angry with him?________
Answer these questions about you.
6. Did you do your homework yesterday?______
7. Did you go out last night?__________________
8. Did it rain yesterday?______________________
5 Pronunciation
Irregular past verbs
i d o Which of these past tense verbs rhyme (sound the
same)? Check (/)those that rhyme. Mark / for those that dont.
Practice saying them.
1. paid said
2. caught bought
3. cut put
4. read said
5. heard made
6. broke took
7. thought caught
8. ate met
9. won ran
0
0
Regular past verbs

2 G a o What is the pronunciation of these regular verbs in the
past? Write them in the correct column. Then listen and check.
watched happened started opened walked laughed
repaired wanted picked called knocked unlocked
listened carried decided rained whispered washed
I V
watched
Id/
happened
/id/
started
Unit 3 What happened next? 1
Prepositions of time
Complete the time expressions with the correct prepositions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Sunday 7.
1999 8.
March 9.
three days 10.
Wednesday afternoon 11.
the weekend 12.
. the morning
. six oclock
. spring
. Thanksgiving
.April 1st
. night
Now complete the sentences with the correct prepositions.
1. I was born in Africa________ 1970.
2. We lived in Boston________ four years.
3. I went home_________the weekend.
4. They arrived_________three oclock_________ the afternoon.
5. At my school we wore a different uniform_________ the summer.
6. She started her new j ob_________ May 3rd.
7. I hated driving_________ night when I lived abroad.
8. He left_________ Friday.
Thanksgiving. 9. We always ate turkey _
10. We got up late_________ Sunday morning.
11. Last year they went to Brazil_________ two weeks.
Time expressions
Complete the sentences
with a word from the box.
ago last when
1. My parents moved to Toronto.
2. I finished college three years__
. I was five.
3. I found an apartment on my own_________ year.
4. ________ we got home, we listened to some music.
5. I bought a car a few weeks:_________
6. I had a car accident_________ night.
7. I didnt go home________ weekend because some
friends came to stay.
Past Continuous
8 Forming the Past Continuous
Y esterday you went to a party. This is what
was happening when you arrived. Make
sentences in the Past Continuous.
When I arrived at the party ...
1. J enny / talk / to Mike
Jenny was talking to Mike.________________
2. Annie and Sarah / dance
3. Sarah and Bill / sit / on the sofa
4. Katie / choose / a CD
5. Max / drink / soda
6. Beth and Dave / eat / potato chips
7. J ustin / show / Lucinda a photograph
8. Harry / make / a sandwich
9. J ames / tell / a joke
9 Past Continuous in stories
Look at the three stories on page 17. Match
the phrases with the correct story. Where
exactly do they go?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
... and they were pulling the oars
in different directions
... while he was counting the
stolen money
Unfortunately, two officers
were standing next to the car at
the time.
... while he was letting the air out
of the last tire
... because he was studying the
psychology of crime and needed
to experience life in prison
... who were trying to escape
from the police
Unit 3 What happened next?
Bet goes wrong
A man on a night out won a $20 bet by letting
the air out of a police cars tires. Dominic J ames,
34, was very pleased with his joke until the
officers arrested him. The two policemen were
watching a group of youths when they heard a
loud hissing noise, a court in New York heard.
The judge fined Mr. J ames $200.
O
Boat thieves arrested
Two boat thieves rowed around in circles before
being captured. The two men broke into a
Norwegian ship, but when an alarm went off,
they jumped into a boat that was tied to the
ship and picked up an oar each. Unfortunately,
neither of them knew how to row. After watching
the pair go around and around in circles for half
an hour, the police arrested them.
Q
Robber says "thank
you" for prison
sentence
An armed robber welcomed a prison sentence,
saying it will help his studies into the minds of
criminals. Police arrested J ohn L. Baxter, 61,
half a mile from the bank. He told the court
that he wanted to be arrested. The judge didnt
believe him and sentenced him to nine years.
Past Simple or Continuous?
10 Choosing the correct form
Choose the correct form of the verbs.
1. I met / was meeting a friend while I shopped / was
shopping.
2. I paid / was paying for my things when I heard / was
hearing someone call my name.
3. I turned / was turning around and saw / was seeing J o.
4. She wore / was wearing a bright red coat.
5. We decided / were deciding to have a cup of coffee.
6. While we had / were having our coffee, a waiter
dropped / was dropping a pile of plates.
7. We both got / were getting a terrible shock.
8. While the waiter picked / was picking up the broken
plates, he cut/ was cuttinghis finger.
Unit 3 What happened next? 17
Vocabulary
11 Adverbs
1 Match a verb in A with an adverb in B.
wait fluently
speak English carefully
sing \ heavily
do your homework X . fast
run -patiently
rain hard
work beautifully
2 Complete the sentences with an adverb from the box.
mainly possibly happily badly well
really almost seriously exactly straight
1. Our team lost the game because they played so__________
2. I di d__________ on the test. I got 98%.
3. A Are you going out?
B _ _ _ _ _ _ . I dont know yet.
4. My sons _______ 8. I ts his birthday next week.
5. The test was__________ difficult. I couldnt do any of it.
6. I travel a lot for my j ob,___________to Asia.
7. There was an accident, but no one was _
injured.
8. I thought J ane and Henry were _____ married, but
they just got divorced.
9. A How do I get to the station?
B Go ahead, and turn left at the traffic light.
10. I have_________ $3.52 in my pocket. Not much, is it?
3 Correct the word order in the sentences.
1. I like very much modern art.
2. She plays very well the piano.
3. He explained quickly the situation.
4. I went last night to the movies.
5. I visit often my grandparents.
Check it
1. What time did you got up this morning?
2. I no liked Tom Cruises new movie.
3. J ane studied very hard for her tests and past
them all.
4. What did you do in your last birthday?
5. I took a shower when the phone rang.
6. I was taking my drivers test three times before
I passed.
7. David telled a joke but nobody laughed.
8. The baby peacefully was sleeping.
9. What did you do in Monday evening?
10. Where did you live when you met Frank?
13 Listening
Someone stole my bag!
1 G 3E ) Someone stole Marias handbag. She is
reporting the incident at the police station. Listen t
the conversation between Maria and the policemai
and correct the sentences.
Maria put her jacket on because it was cold.
No, she didnt. She took her jacket off because she was
too hot.
1. She was carrying her jacket in her right hand.
2. She got the cell phone two weeks ago.
3. The thief was about 35 years old.
4. He had long blond hair.
5. He was wearing shorts and a T-shirt.
6. The incident happened at three oclock.
7. There was $15 in Marias wallet.
8. Marias car keys were in the bag.
2 One word is missing from each of these questions
Write in the missing word and answer the questic
1. Where Maria walking?
2. Why she need her cell phone?
3. Why did stop walking?
4. What did thief do?
5. How many pockets her bag have?
6. Why was difficult to find her phone?
7. What in her bag?
8. Why the policeman say that Maria was lucky?
18 Unit 3 What happened next?
4
The market pl ace
Grammar: Count and noncount nouns
expressions of quantity plural
nouns articles
Vocabulary: Clothes
Pronunciation: Weak and strong
stress
Shops
J ohns shopping trip
1 Look at the map of the town. Where can J ohn get the things on his shopping list?
u i s j j j y j #11 i j j j j i j i i i i i
bread
fruit
. stamps
meat
.newspaper
bakery 1
money
shampoo
English dictionary
vacation brochure
2 Look at J ohns trip through town. I n what order did he get the things on his
shopping list? Put a number 1-9 next to the things.
Count and
noncount nouns
2 a, an, or some!
Put a or an before the count
nouns, and some before the
noncount nouns.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
some
. book
. sugar
. stamp
. car
-gas
. help
. air
. money
. dollar
. music
.job
.work
. apple
. fruit
. tomato
. tomato soup
. bread
. loaf of bread
. information
. news
Unit 4 The marketplace 19
3 chocolate or a chocolatel
Sometimes a noun can be both count and noncount.
Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with
a +noun or just the noun.
1. I dont like
chocolate
5. I drink a lot of
7. Have
9. I ts made of
2. Would you like
a chocolate ?
4. Can you buy
6. Lets have
8. Have some
Expressions of quantity
4 some or any?
Complete the sentences with some or any.
1. I dont have any paper.
2. Ill buy some paper when I go to the mall.
3. Is there________ gas in the car?
4. Yes. I put_________ in yesterday.
5. I bought. . fruit, but they didnt have
_________ vegetables.
6. Do you have_________ change? I need 50 cents.
7. I saw________ change on the table a minute ago.
8. I need_______ help with my homework.
9. I dont have_________ free time today. Sorry.
10. Did you have_________ problems with this exercise?
5 How much? or How many?
Write questions with How much? or How many?
1. We have some eggs.
How many eaas do we have?________________________
2. She makes a fortune!
How much money does she make?___________________
3. She has a lot of children.
. have?
4. Can you buy some butter?
. want:
5. Their house has a lot of bedrooms.
__________________________________________ have:
6. Some people are coming for dinner on Sunday.
________________________________________coming'
7. Shakespeare wrote a lot of plays.
__________________________________________write!
8. We need some flour.
. need'
10. Would you like
_____________of water?
20 Unit 4 The marketplace
o.
eise?
tave?
'ant?
tave?
ling?
Ti t e?
eed?
A B C
1. Does your tooth hurt? ^ It takes them about an
2. Were there many people \
hour a night.
at the party? J Im trying to lose weight.
3. Would you like But most of the students
some cream? A few. come from Korea.
4. Are there many Chinese \ 'Im going to the dentist
people in your class? KA little.-' tomorrow.
5. Did we get any letters? But no one that
6. Do your children get a lot
you know.
of homework? But most of them
are bills.
: much, many, or a lot of!
Look at the picture. Complete the sentences with
much, many, or a lot of.
1. There are a lot Of apples.
2. The store doesnt have Much laundry detergent.
3. Theres oil.
4. The store has water.
5. There isnt frozen food.
6. There isnt candy.
7. The store has cheese.
8. Tcan see newspapers.
9. But I cant see magazines.
10. There isnt yogurt.
11. The store doesnt have hirthday cards
12. There are grapes.
13. The store doesnt have bread.
14. But theres rice!
8 something, someone, or somewhere!
Choose the correct word.
1. A Did someone / anyone / no one call when I
was out?
B No, no one / someone / anyone.
2. When we got to the meeting, there was
somewhere / everywhere/ nowhere to sit because
it was so full.
3. J ane knows no one / anyone / someone who can
help youher friend Sue.
4. He invited all his friends to his wedding
and was happy because everyone / someone /
anyone came.
5. I dont have anything / nothing / something to
wear to my interview.
6. George looked everywhere / somewhere /
nowhere for his car keys, but he couldnt find
them somewhere / anywhere / nowhere.
7. Children who have something / anything /
everything are often called spoiled.
8. Theres nothing / everything / something I want
to tell you. Can you keep a secret?
Unit 4 The marketplace 21
a few or a little!
Match a line in A with a line in B and a line in C.
Does your tooth hurt? A little. Imgoing to the dentist tomorrow.
Articles
9 a, an, or the!
Complete the sentences with a, an, or the.
1. I bought a CD and a book for a friend
for her birthday. Unfortunately she already has
thg CD. I ll take it back tomorrow.
2. A Where are______ children?
B Theyre i n______ backyard.
3. My sisters teacher i n school near
Seattle. She has three children, two girls and____
boy-----------girls are in her class at school, but___
boy isnt old enough for school yet.
4. lane and Bill are very nice couple. She has
clothing store, and he works i n office
i n. . center of town.
5. A Where are my shoes?
B On floor i n__ . kitchen.
6. A How much is driving school?
B Twenty-five dollars hour.
7. Before you go to bed, can you feed cat and
turn off lights?
8. I went to fantastic restaurant last night.
9. Whats name of I ndian restaurant on
Quincy Street?
10 No article
We do not use a, an, or the when we talk about things
in general.
Boys talk about things. Girls talk about people.
Match a noun in A with a verb in B and a line in C to
make general statements.
Cows eat grass.
11 a, the, or nothing?
Complete the sentences with a, the, or nothing (-).
1. I come to school by bus.
2. This morning bus was late.
3. Bangkok i s______ capital of Thailand.
4. I work for company that makes______
carpets.
5. I was at home all day yesterday.
6. We had______ nice vacation in Mexico.
7. Atlanta has__
8. We arrived in.
. busiest airport in the world.
Brazil on third.
9. Last night we had.
restaurant.
dinner i n.
10. I went to. . bed late.
Vocabulary
12 Clothes
Write the words under the pictures.
pants jacket hat socks suit boots
coat sweater skirt shirt shoes dress
1. 2.
4. 5.
A B C
Cows
Leaves
Cats \
Birds
Children \
Cars \
Fruit
like
fall off
is f
go /
live J
. eat y
need
oil and gas.
.grass,
in trees,
full of vitamins,
to school until theyre 18.
trees in the fall,
eating fish.
10. 11. 12.
13 Spelling of plural nouns
1 Write the plural form of these nouns.
1. boy___________ 9. church _
2. lady___________ 10. address.
3. day___________ 11. story___
4. potato___________ 12. sandwich.
5. party___________ 13. key______
6. watch___________ 14. video____
7. glass___________ 15. way_____
city.
These nouns are irregular. Write the plural form.
1. child___________
2. person________ .
3. woman___________
4. tooth___________
5. sheep___________
6. fish___________
heading
W Spoiled kids bedrooms are their kingdoms
Read the text about the bedrooms of todays children.
Answer the questions on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Why are these children described as spoiled?
2. Which of these things can the kids do in
their bedrooms?
access the Internet chat with friends
listen to music watch movies
exercise send e-mail
3. What things do they have that arent electronic?
4. What does the girl in the article do in her bedroom?
What does the boy do?
5. What is the effect on family life when children spend
so much time in their bedrooms?
6. Which of these things do the majority of
children in your hometown have?
a TV a personal CD player
a DVD player an iPod or MP3 player
a stereo system a computer
Spoiled kids bedrooms
are their kingdoms
Once upon a time a childs bedroom had little more than
a toy box, a book shelf, and a few posters. Today it looks
more like something from a science fiction movie.
Computers, cell phones, televisions, DVD players,
video games, and other 21st-century toys fill the room,
and often make the childs bedroom the most expensive
in the house. American 8- to 16-year-olds have bedroom
possessions worth an average of $5,000.
But they dont just have high-tech items. The average
childs room also has designer clothes, sunglasses, watches,
jewelry, and sports equipment. More than four in ten
children have rooms that combine home office, home
theater, and gym. Nine in ten have a TV, and seven in ten
a DVD player. Nearly all of them have a stereo system and
six in ten have either a personal CD player, iPod, or MP3
player. One in four has their own computer.
With so much to do in their bedrooms, it is no
surprise that children spend more time there than
anywhere else in the house. One girl spends so long on her
cell phone in her room that her parents have to text her to
speak to her. Another child disappears into his room as
soon as he gets home from school and plays video games
until bedtime.
Childrens bedrooms have become their kingdoms.
Some families rarely do anything together. People eat
different meals at different times, and watch different TV
shows in different rooms.
Unit 4 The marketplace
Pronunciation
15 Weak and strong stress
In English, some words in a sentence or phrase
are more important than others. Short words
like of, for, a, the, and, and to are often not
important, and they are usually unstressed.
K I W I Read and listen to this poem. All the
lines have the same stress pattern
This is because the first and third words are
not important.
A piece of cake
A loaf of bread
A glass of milk
Its time for bed.
At nine oclock
Its time for school.
I wont be late
Cause I m no fool.
2 G30 Put the phrases in the right box.
There are two phrases for each box.
a-eftften of milk
some salt and pepper
a steak for my dinner
some eggs for breakfast
an order of fries
a can of Coke
a package of cookies
a bag of chips
A.
B.
C.
D.
a carton of milk
Check it
1. Could I have any milk in my coffee, please?
2. Do we have milk for the coffee? No, I didnt buy some.
3. J ustin has a new job. Hes making so many money!
4. There arent some students in the coffee shop.
5. I ts Toms party tonight, and I dont have something to wear!
6. Look at this mess! Did you do this, Henry?
No, it wasnt me! I didnt do nothing!
7. Did you get a seat on the train this morning?
No, there was somewhere to sit. I had to stand the whole way!
8. I came to work by the car this morning. Fortunately, there was
only a few traffic.
9. I dont eat the fish because I dont like it.
10. There are too many childrens in my daughters class.
17 Listening
At the back of the classroom
i G3E3 Billy and Henry are both 10 years old. They are sitting in
the back of the classroom. Mrs. Blair is their teacher. Listen to thei
conversation and complete these lines.
1. ______ _____you like____________ Halloween candy?
2. How____________ pieces did you____________ ? I didnt get
that.
3. He always gets so.
4. He gets_________
5. I d love_________
. he wants.
. of_
. of the time.
. new.
6. I dont want. .clothes. I want -
. of jeans.
. for my
7.
new video game system.
____________ has it here. Y ou can. . get it in J apan.
8. I dont know _
9. He doesnt make.
. who lives in J apan.
money. He just sends me
10. So.
. dollars for my birthday.
homework! I ts not fair!
GIEB Listen again. Are the sentences true ( / ) or false (X)?
Correct the false ones.
1. Billy gives Henry some of his Halloween candy.
2. Henry didnt get many pieces of candy.
3. J ack Blakely only got a few pieces.
4. J ack always gets so much for his birthday.
5. Billy wants a new pair of jeans for his birthday.
6. Henry wants something for his bike for his birthday.
7. Billy knows a lot of people who live in J apan.
8. Billys uncle sometimes sends him money for his birthday.
Grammar: Verb patterns future
forms
Vocabulary: -ed/-ing adjectives
Pronunciation: Confusing vowel
sounds
0-20: You aren't very ambitious! You're happy with a quiet life.
20-50: You're pretty ambitious, but you don't want to work too hard!
Over 50: You're very ambitious! Good luck, and try to be nice to people!
Unit 5 W h a t do you want to do?
f 111 m
S c o r i n g
1. a: 0 b: 5 c: 10 4. Yes: 10 No: 0
2. a: 0 b: 5 c: 10 5. Yes: 10 No: 0
3. nanny/artist: 0 6. look forward: 10 last moment: 0
police officer/teacher/journalist: 2 7. Yes: 10 No: 0
famous actor/singer: 5 8. love: 0 happiness: 5 money: 10
doctor/company president: 10 health: 0
Verb patterns
How ambitious are you?
Answer the questionnaire and add up your score to see how ambitious you are.
Howambitious
are you:
Q In ten years do you hope to
a. have an interesting but not very
well-paid job?
b. have a well-paid job that isn't very
interesting?
c. have a job that is well paid and
interesting?
@ In 20 years do you want to
a. have enough money to pay your bills?
b. have quite a lot of money?
c. have a lot of money?
Here is a list of jobs. Which would you
like to do? Choose your favorite.
police officer nanny
doctor
journalist
teacher
famous actor/singer
artist
company president
When you're playing a game or doing
a sport, do you always want to win?
Do you enjoy working hard?
^ If you have some extra work to do, do
. you look forward to doing it and do
it soon, or do you wait until the last
moment?
Would you like to have more money
than most of your friends?
Which of the following is most
important to you?
love money
happiness health
2 Hopes and ambitions
Write a sentence about each of these
peoples ambitions.
I f ''
1. Sheila / want / teacher / enjoy / work / with children
Sheila wants to be a teacher because she en joys working
with children._____________________________________
2. J ane / hope / vet / love / work / with animals
J U .. V~y. 't I. . i j U ' i i'- .. u>.
3. Malcolm / would like / change jobs / he / not enjoy /
outside in bad weather
4. J ames / going to be / IT specialist / want / make / a
lot of money
5. J ill / hope / become a doctor / want / help children in
developing countries
6. J anine / want / accountant / like / work / with
numbers
7. My husband / going to retire next year / want / have
more free time
3 Infinitive or -ingl
Complete the sentences with the infinitive or -ing form
of the verb. Sometimes both are possible.
1. I enjoy________ (walk) in the rain.
2. I hope________ (make) more money soon.
3. Are you thinking about________(paint) the kitchen?
4. I started________ (study) English when I was 7.
5. I d like________ (send) this letter, please.
6. We want________ (get) married in the spring.
7. When she saw how I was dressed, she started
------------ (laugh).
8. What do you want________(do) tonight?
9. I like________ (listen) to live music.
10. I really want________ (meet) your brother.
11. I d like________(save) some money, but
its difficult.
4 Asking questions
Write Bs questions and complete As answers.
1. A I hope to go to university.
B What / want / study?
What do you want to study?
A I want to study math.
2. A Carol called while you were out.
B What / want / talk about?
*
A ______________________ a problem shes having.
3. A I might quit my job soon.
B Why / think / do that?
A ______________________ because its boring.
4. A I m going to bed early because I have a plane to
catch tomorrow.
B What time / want / leave the house?
A .___________________as early as possible.
5. A My new Spanish teacher is great!
B When / start / study / Spanish?
_______________________________________________ A last month.
8. My parents think / buy / a house by the sea / love /
sail
Unit 5 What do you want to do?
would like (to do) or like (doing)l
5 Would you... ? or Do you... ?
G3E9 Match the questions and answers.
?
1. Would you tike to watch TV? a. Yes, especially movies and cartoons.
2. Would you tike something to eat? | b. Yes, Id love to. What time?
Hn you likp partip;? ' ---- c No. Theres nothing good on tonight.
No, not really. Theyre too noisy and crowded. 4. Do you like fries? d.
5. Do you like watching TV? e. No. 1think theyre very bad for you.
6. Would you like to come to a party on Saturday? f. No, thanks. Im not hungry.
Check ( / ) the correct form of the verb.
1. A Would you like something to drink?
Do you like something to drink?
B Yes, please. I ll have some orange juice.
2. A Do you like your teacher?
I IWould you like your teacher?
B Yes, shes very nice.
3. A J Do you like going for walks?
I IWould you like to go for a walk?
B Yes, I often go walking by the lake.
4. A Do you like swimming?
i j Would you like to go for a swim?
B What a good idea! I ts so hot today!
5. A What do you like doing on weekends?
What would you like to do this weekend?
B I like putting my feet up and relaxing. Sometimes I
play tennis.
7 would like or like?
Complete the sentences with would like (to do) or
like (doing).
1. A Would you___________ (come) with us?
B No thanks. I ___________ (go) downtown.
2. A ___________you___________ (be) a teacher
when you grow up?
B No. They work very hard but they dont make
very much.
3. My son is a very fast runner. He says that one day he
___________(run) in the Olympic Games.
4. My daughter has a lot of pens and pencils. She
___________(draw).
5. A Where___________you____________ (go)
on vacation?
B To Mexico City. I ____
and ancient buildings.
. (visit) museums
will, going to, or Present Continuous?
8 Offers and decisions
Look at the pictures. What are the
people saying? Make sentences with will.
9 Whats going to happen?
Look at the pictures. Whats going to happen? Make sentences with
is/are going to + verb.
1. Its going to rain._____________________________________________
1.
2.
2.
3.
4.
5.
7.
10 Arrangements
Put the verbs in the Present Continuous to express a
future arrangement.
1. What_______ you_________ (do) tonight?_________you
------------- (go) out?
(meet) Alan. We______ 2. Yes. I .
3. I ____
(go) to the movies.
(have) a party next Saturday. Can you come?
we________ (have) for lunch? I m starving!
4.
4. What______
5. We________ (have) lamb. I tll be ready in five minutes.
6. The children are excited because they________ (go) to the
zoo tomorrow.
7. When________you________ (see) Peter again?
8. I ________ (see) him tomorrow morning. Why do you ask?
28 Unit 5 What do you want to do?
I Choosing the correct form
1. A Why are you working so hard
these days?
B Because I ll buy / I m going to buy a
car, so I m saving as much as I can.
I . A What will you buy / are you going to
buy J ill for her birthday?
B Some chocolates.
A She doesnt like chocolate.
B Oh. I ll buy / I m going to buy her a
book, then.
. A Dad, can you fix this for me?
B I cant, sorry. Ask Mom. Shell do /
Shes going to do it for you.
4. A Why are you cooking so much food?
B Because some friends will come / are
coming for dinner.
5. A What will you do / are you going to
do today?
B I ts J ohns birthday, so I ll make / I m
going to make him a cake.
6. A I have an appointment with the bank
manager this morning.
B Why will you see / are you going to
see him?
A Because my husband and I will start
/ are going to start our own business,
and we need some money.
A I dont have enough money to
get home.
B I ll lend / I m going to lend you some if
you want. How much do you need?
A Two dollars is enough. I ll give / I m
going to give it back tomorrow.
8. A Lets have lunch together tomorrow.
B I cant. I ll meet / I m meeting my
mother for lunch. Some other
time, maybe.
Vocabulary
12 -ed/-ing adjectives
Complete the sentences with a word from the box. Careful! They are
not all used.
interested/interesting annoyed/annoying frightened/frightening
bored/boring excited/exciting disappointed/disappointing
exhausted/exhausting worried/worrying surprised/surprising
1. The TV program was so________ that I fell asleep.
2. Children cant get to sleep the night before their birthday.
Theyre too_________
3. A Hi, Mom!
B Carol! Thank goodness you called! Where have you been?
Weve been so________about you!
4. A Hello, darling. I ve got a present for you.
B For me?
A Dont look so_________I buy you presents all the time.
B But it isnt my birthday!
5. The art exhibition was very_________ I loved it, but I had to
leave after three hours. My feet were killing me! I find going
around art galleries and museums really_________
6. Some people dont go out at night because theyre________ that
someone will rob them.
7. Our financial situation is very ....... . We spend more and
more, but were earning less and less.
8. A Y oure yawning. Are you listening to what I m saying?
B I am! I m really________ I want to know what happened.
I ts just that I feel_________I went to bed very late last night.
9. A I m going on a three-month trip to Asia.
B How________ ! Lucky you!
10. A Was your father________when you told him your
test results?
B He was furious.
Unit 5 What do you want to do? 29
Pronunciation
13 Confusing vowel sounds
G3ED Some words are easy to confuse
because the vowel sounds are similar.
Look at these sentences.
a. I wont /wount/ go.
b. I want /want/ to go.
Complete the sentences with one of
the words in italics.
want to / wont
1. I ________ have coffee. I m in a hurry.
2. I ________ have coffee. I m thirsty.
walk / work
3. I ________ in a bank.
4. I often________ to school.
chip / cheap
5. Can I have a potato________ ?
6. This shirt was very_________
live / leave
7. What time do you________ work?
8. Where do you________ ?
sell/ sale
9. Boswells department store is having a
________ this week.
10. Do you________ stamps?
bought/ boat
11. I ________ a sweater on sale.
12. I d love to have a_________
test / taste
13. We had a math____
14. I dont like the____
ankle / uncle
15. I really like my____
16. My________ hurts.
feel / fill
17. How do you______
18. I need to____
_ today,
of eggs.
. the car with gas.
30 Unit 5 What do you want to do?
Check it
1. J ack is wanting to be a soccer player when he grows up.
2. I m thinking to buy a new car.
3. I d like going to the movies tonight.
4. J oss enjoys to read romantic books, especially J ane Austen.
5. Why did you decide leaving school?
6. Do you like to go to a Korean restaurant tonight?
7. I hope hearing from you soon.
8. When will you start your new job? Will you take a vacation first?
9. I was so surprising to see J im. I thought he was abroad.
10. Sam went to home early. He wasnt feeling very well.
15 Listening
Summer vacations
1 G3E3 Robert and Serena both work in an office. They are talking
about their summer vacations. Listen and answer the questions.
1. Why is Serena excited?
2. Where are Robert and Serena going on vacation?
3. Is Serena going to stay in a hotel?
4. Where does she usually go on vacation?
5. Why arent Robert and his family going on vacation this year?
6. Whats his dream?
7. Is he definitely going to take his children to the beach?
8. What did Serena forget to buy?
2 E l ED Listen again. Complete these lines from Robert and
Serenas conversation.
1. I am really_____
2. We wanted to go.
go to France.
3. I d love________
4. I d_____________
. forward. . the weekend.
. different this year, so we. .to
. this job.
. improve my French, of course. I can
speak it a.
5. Were__
now, but I d like to be fluent.
. to________ money for a new car, and we
6. I m.
. to renovate the house.
to go on a________ day trips to the beach with
the kids.
7. Susie__ . to practice her French, you know. Shes.
in French now.
I forgot______ . one. I l l . . and get it this
evening, if thats OK.
6
Places and t hi ngs
Grammar: What... like?
comparatives and superlatives
Vocabulary: Synonyms and antonyms
Pronunciation: How many syllables?
What... like?
What is/are ...like?
1 Y our friend is living in Australia for a
year. Ask questions about the country.
1. the weather
Whats the weather like?
2. the countryside
3. the people
4. the towns
5. Sydney
6. the beaches
7. the TV shows
2 Match a question in Exercise 1with
an answer.
a. There arent many. Theyre
mainly on the coast.
b. [7] I ts hot almost all year round.
c. Q I ts a spectacular place.
The Opera House is fantastic.
d. j There are millions of sheep
and a lot of desert.
e. | ! They have beautiful white
sand, and are miles long.
f. Q Theyre really nice
and friendly.
g. [_ J Theyre a lot like the ones
at home.
What was/were... like?
Complete the questions about Roberts terrible vacation.
1. A What was t he hot el like?
B Awful. My room was tiny, and the service was bad.
2. A What________________________like?
B I t was terrible. I waited over six hours for the plane.
3. A What________________________like?
B Miserable! It rained every day!
4. A What______ like?
B They were crowded and dirty. There was no sand on them,
just stones!
5. A What __________________ like?
B Disgusting! French fries with everything, and they didnt cook
them very well.
Unit 6 Places and things 31
Comparatives and superlatives
3 Forming comparatives and superlatives bi9 /bl 9/ adJ- (bigger, biggest)
Look at this extract from a dictionary. I t shows when the consonant in ^ large. Denvei is a big city.
an adjective doubles in the comparative and superlative forms. 2 important: I have some big news!
Write the comparative and superlative forms of these adjectives.
1. happy
2. beautiful
3. modem
4. difficult
5. hot
6. good
7. short
8. stingy
9. generous
happier happiest
4 Opposite adjectives 5
G3EDComplete the sentences with an opposite
adjective in its comparative or superlative form.
1. Robert is the oldest in the family.
No, he isnt. Hes the youngest .
2. Andrew is more polite than his brother.
No, he isnt. Hes____________
3. I m the tallest in this class!
No, you arent. Y oure____________
4. My homework was better than yours.
No, it wasnt. I t was____________
5. The weather today is colder than yesterday.
No, it isnt. I ts____________
6. She bought the cheapest watch in the shop.
No, she didnt. She bought____________
7. J acks stingier than Alan.
No, he isnt. Hes____________
8. J anet arrived later than J ohn.
No, she didnt. She arrived____________
9. The city is quieter than the country.
No, it isnt. The city is much____________
10. This is the easiest exercise in this book.
No, it isnt. I ts____________
10. thin
11. early
12. noisy
13. young
14. bad
15. expensive
16. rude
17. fat
18. large
as or than?
Complete the sentences with as or than.
1. Are you as tall____ ^s your brother?
2. Shes not as smart___________ her sister.
3. Was J oans party better___________ Marias?
4. I m studying the same subject____________Emma.
5. Liz works much harder___________ J ohn.
6. I dont have as many cousins____________you.
B f l h / X
Unit 6 Places and things
Reading
7 The London Eye
Read the newspaper article about the London Eye.
Answer the questions.
1. Write two facts about the London Eye.
I t i s______________ high.
I t is situated_________________ __________________
2. Write two opinions about it.
It i s_______________ than the Eiffel Tower.
It i s_______________ than the Sydney Opera House.
3. Why, according to lames Elliot, is the Eye so
popular? Give two reasons.
4. What do these numbers refer to?
4.2 2000 25 million 40
5. What other places abroad have won awards?
London Eye is the worlds
best tourist attraction
The London Eye is among the worlds most
famous landmarksas famous as the Eiffel
Tower, the Statue of Liberty, and the Great
Wall o f China. '
THE 135-METER-HI GH EY E on the south bank of the River
Thames was voted the worlds best tourist attraction in a recent
poll, more popular than sights such as the Sydney Opera House
and Mt. Fuji in J apan.
J ames Elliot, director of the British Tourist Board, said the
L ondon Eye represented the modern face of the UK . We are
known throughout the world for our history, but the London
Eye is a modern monument.
I ts not just the attraction itself, but the wonderful views of
other L ondon attractions, such as the Houses of Parliament
and St. Pauls Cathedral, that make it so special, he said.
Mr. Elliot said it was the most popular tourist attraction in
the UK , receiving 4.2 million visitors a year. I t is the biggest
big wheel in the world. Since it opened in 2000, it has
welcomed more than 25 million visitors, and has won more
than 40 awards.
I n the poll, New Y orks Bloomingdales was voted the
best department store. The Great Wall of China was the best
wonder of the medieval world, and the Pyramids in Egypt were
the best ancient wonder.
5 as.. .as or not as.. .asl
Rewrite the sentences with as ... as or
not a s ... as.
1. My son is already the same height as me.
My son is already as tall as me.
2. J ills more intelligent than Bill.
Bills___________________ J ill.
3. Mexicos hotter than the U.S.
The U.S. i s___________________ Mexico.
4. Are you and Pete the same age?
Are you___________________ Pete?
5. You can read more quickly than I can.
I cant ___________________ you can.
6. She speaks good Korean and she speaks good Thai.
Her Korean i s___________________ her Thai.
7. Come and see me at the first moment you can.
Come and see me___________________ possible.
8. Evas work is better than mine.
My work i s___________________Evas.
9. Dogs are friendlier than cats.
Cats are___________________ dogs.
10. His mother is a better cook than him.
He cant cook___________________ his mother.
Vocabulary
8 Synonyms and antonyms
1 Match a word in A with a synonym in B.
A B
difficult great
begin wealthy
wonderful / stop
rich ( depart
finish V start
leave ^hard
2 Complete the sentences with a synonym.
O Vocabulary spot
We can make some adjectives and verbs
opposite by using these prefixes.
adjectives un- im-
verbs un- dis-
3 Complete the sentences, using the correct form of a word from
the box and a prefix.
pack possible agree like appear
polite employed healthy lucky
1. A The movie was wonderful, wasnt it?
1.
B Yes, I thought it was
2.
2. A What time do you stop work?
3.
B I at 5:30.
4.
3. A That test was difficult.
5.
B Tt was so I couldn't
do any of it.
6.
4. A The next train to Chicago departs
from platform 3.
7.
B Yes, thats right. It
8.
at 11:45.
5. A His family is rich, isnt it?
9.
B Well, they have three houses, so
theyre pretty
6. A What time does the movie start?
B Tt at 9:00, so dont
be late.
our suitcases.
B I I think its a good idea.
6. I was
7. I t was
________for two years, then I got a job in an office.
________ of him to ask her age.
The thief stole my bag and____________ into the crowd.
I never saw him again.
I dont ____________ fish. I just prefer meat.
Pronunciation
9 How many syllables?
G3ED Some words seem to have more syllables when we write them,
but when we say them, we can lose a syllable.
Chocolate looks like three syllables, but we say /tjaklat/.
different /difrant/
family /faemli/
general /d3snrol/
Practice saying the words.
i GO EDWrite in the box the letter of
matching phonetic symbols.
1. favorite
a. /vsd3t3bl
2. interesting
b. /kAmftal:
3. vegetable
c. /feivrat/
4. several
d. /rsstrant
5. comfortable
e. /wenzde
6. Wednesday
f. /spron/
7. restaurant
g-
/intrastn
8. aspirin
h. /sevrai/
Unit 6 Places and things
2 Match a line in A with a line in B. Then practice saying the sentences.
A B
1. 1need a comfortable----------
2. Im the youngest )
3. Theres a new Chinese /
4. There are several interesting I
5. Ill see you on ^
6. My children have such
7. Potatoes are my favorite
8. 1like all candy, but especially
9. The quiz tests
10. When 1have a headache,
a. movies showing now.
b. different personalities.
c. vegetable.
d. your general knowledge.
^e. bed to sleep on.
f. in my family.
g. 1take an aspirin.
h. Wednesday night at 7:00.
i. chocolate.
j. restaurant in town. You should try it.
Check it
1. Thailand is a lot more hotter than Korea.
2. Whats like your chicken curry? I ts spicy and delicious!
3. Was very crowded downtown?
4. What was the people like in Australia? Very friendly!
5. I was so unhappy. I got the baddest grades in the class.
6. I m nearly as big than my brother.
7. Susannahs most intelligent in the class.
8. The Great White Shark is the more dangerous shark in the world!
9. Toyko was more beautiful that I expected.
10. What does the weather like?
11 Listening
The richest man in town
1 n i n Danny Thomas is a plumber who has just won the lottery. A
reporter from his local newspaper is interviewing him. Listen to the
interview. Are the sentences true ( / ) or false(X)? Correct the false ones.
1. EH Danny doesnt make much money.
2. EEI The money isnt going to change his life.
3. EEI The first thing he is going to buy is a new car.
4. EEE The reporter asks Danny, Do you like being famous?
5. EEI Danny doesnt really think hes the most handsome man
in Watford.
6. EEI Now that hes wealthy hes going to have plastic surgery.
7. He wants to lose a little weight.
8. Hes going to take his parents to an expensive restaurant.
2 Read the newspaper article about Danny. Fill in each blank with the
correct adjective from the box. Use each adjective only once.
large old happy small favorite different the most expensive
faster nicer richest ugly happiest generous the most handsome
LOCAL MAN WI NS
$10,000,000
LAST WEEK Danny Thomas was a fairly
(1)________ 42-year-old plumber living
in a (2)_________ two-bedroom house in
North Watford. He owned a really
(3 ) ________ red van, and his
(4 ) ________ food was the pepperoni
pizza from the local delivery place.
Then Danny won the lottery. A cool
$10,000,000! He is now the
(5 ) ________ and the (6)_________
man in North Watford, and the women
now think he is (7)________ ! Hes
exchanged his van for a silver Porsche,
and hes looking for a (8)________
house in a (9)________ part of
the town.
I always wanted a silver Porsche,
said Danny, and now Ive got one. I ts
certainly a lot (10)________ than
my van.
There are some things in Dannys life
that will never be (11)_________
I m still an (12)________ old guy
with no hair, laughed Danny. I love my
pizza and my French fries, and that will
never change!
Danny has also been very
(13 ) _________with his winnings. Hes
taking his parents to stay in
(14 ) _________hotel in Hawaii, and
hes giving $10,000 to the childrens ward
at Watford hospital.
Grammar: Present Perfect
Vocabulary: Word endings -
adjectives
Pronunciation: Word stress
Present Perfect
1 Famous people past and present
1 Complete the questions and answers using the verbs in parentheses.
1. How many books___ feas J .K. Rowling sol d (sell)?
She__has sold (sell) over 300 million copies of the
Harry Potter books.
2. How many plays did Shakespeare write (write)?
He__ wrote____(write) 37.
3. How many wives Henry V I I I ____________ (have)?
He____________ (have) six.
4. How many husbands____________ J ennifer L opez____________ (have)
So far she___________ (have) three.
5. How many Grand Slam Titles _________Venus Williams__________
(win)?
She____________ (win) seven.
6. How many Wimbledon titles___________ Martina Navratilova
____________ (win)?
She____________ (win) nine.
7. How many times___________ Pel_____________(play) for Brazil?
He____________ (play) for them 92 times.
8. How many times___________ Y aoMing_____________(play)
in the Olympics?
He____________ (play) more than three times.
2 Who do these sentences refer to? Write the correct number. Use informa
in Exercise 2.
a. & He played in the 2000, 2004, and 2008 Olympics so far.
b. She has earned more than $22 million in her professional caret
c. She has recently married a singer and given birth to twins.
d . ______ She has written seven books about Harry Potter, the boy wizar
e. His first play was Henry VI Part One, which he wrote in 1589.
f. He married his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, in 1509.
g. She won her first Wimbledon title in 1978.
h . ______ He played his last game for his country in 1970.
7
Fame!
36 Unit 7 Fame!
2 Making questions
Complete the questions.
1. How many books about Harry Potter____has____
J .K. Rowling written ?
Seven.
2. How many professional teams____________ Yao
Ming____________ for?
Two. One in China and one in the U.S.
3. How long____________ J ennifer L opez____________
an actress?
Since 1986.
4. How much___________ Venus Williams
____________ in her professional career?
Over $22 million.
5. When____________Shakespeare____________
Henry VI Part One?
I n 1589.
6. Where____________ Henry VII Is fourth wife, Anne
of Cleves,____________ from?
She came from Germany.
7. Which team__________ Pel______________for
in Brazil?
He played for Santos.
8. Where____________ Martina Navratilova born?
In the Czech Republic.
3 Short answers
Make short answers about the people in Exercises 1-3.
1. Has J .K. Rowling written her autobiography?
No. she hasnt.____________________________________
2. Has Yao Ming played for a European team?
3. Has Pel stopped playing for Brazil?
4. Have Venus and Serena Williams played each other?
5. Has J ennifer Lopez made a lot of singles?
6. Has Martina Navratilova ever been married?
4 Making negatives
Make negative sentences in the Present Perfect about
J .K. Rowling.
1. She / not always / work / as a writer
She hasnt always worked as a writer._______________
2. She / not publish / a book for adults yet
3. She/never / live / in I reland
4. She / never be / very good at sports
5. She / not always / lived in the UK
5 Tense review
In the sentences about J .K. Rowling, circle the
correct tense.
1. When she was young, she lives / lived / has lived
in Wales.
2. She has / had / has had several jobs in her life. She
was a secretary and a teacher before being a writer.
3. I n her twenties she teaches / taught/has taught
in Portugal.
4. She is married / was married / has been married twice.
5. She now has / had / has had houses in Scotland
and London.
6. Her first book appears / appeared / has appeared
in 1997.
7. Since then she earns / earned / has earned an
estimated $1.3 billion.
8. She always wants / always wanted / has always wanted
to be an author.
Unit 7 Fame! 3
6 Past participles
Write the past participle of these verbs.
1. walk
7
come
3. write
4. win
5. sell
6. try
7. read
8. play
9. find
10. visit
11. stop ___________
12. study___________
13. die ___________
14. do ___________
7 for or since?
Complete the sentences with for or since.
1. I havent seen K eith___________
a while.
2. Hes been in China___________
J anuary.
3. He works for a company called KMP.
He has worked for them___________
several years.
4. He and his wife have lived next to me
____________ their son, Tom, was born
5. I have known them___________
many years.
6. We have been friends ________ we
were in college together.
7. His wife, Carrie, is a designer. She
has had her own studio___________
six months.
8. I m taking care of Tom today. Hes
been at my house____________ 8:00
this morning.
Vocabulary
8 Word endings - adjectives
1 Use the suffixes in the box to write the adjectives formed from
these nouns.
-y -al -ful -less -tic -ant
Noun Adjective
1. success
successful
2. luck
3. romance
4. care (x2)
5. health
6. person
7. importance
8. use (x2)
2 Complete the sentences with an adjective from Exercise 1.
1. I try to live a_lifestylelots of exercise, fruit, and nc
junk food.
2. Mom and Dad, I have some_________ news. I m getting marr
3. She had a car crash, but she was_________ to escape with no
injuries at all. *
4. Venice is a very_________ city. A lot of people go there on the
honeymoons.
5. Before you can get a credit card, you have to give a lot of
________ details.
6. After his heart attack, he needed major surgery, but fortunate
the operation was_________
7. My sister is so__________ I lent her my watch and she lost it.
8. This knife i s__________ Y ou cant cut anything with it.
9. Be_________ when you ride your motorcycle.
10. I speak French, which was very________ when I went to worl
in Quebec.
38 Unit 7 Fame!
Reading
9 Steven Spielberg, a Hollywood legend
Read the article and put the verb in parentheses in
the correct tense: Present Simple, Past Simple, or
Present Perfect.
10 Asking questions
Write the questions about Steven Spielberg.
1. What does he do ?
Hes a filmmaker.
2. How much money_____________________________
Billions of dollars.
3. _______________ he ever_______________ an Oscar?
Yes, he has. Three.
4. What_________________________________________
English literature.
H n w n l r l when he
?
Thirteen.
When Kate Capshaw?
I n 1991.
W h a t
Shes an actress.
ch i l d r e n ?
Yes, they have seven!
W h e r e
In California.
Steven Spielberg, a Hollywood legend
STEVEN SPIELBERG (1)
i s
(be) the most
:amous filmmaker in the history of Hollywood.
Since 1975, he (2)__________ (direct) many of the
most successful American movies,
including Jaws, E.T.the Extra
Terrestrial, Raiders of the Lost Ark,
Jurassic Park, Schindler's List, and War
of the Worlds, and he (3)_________
make) billions of dollars. Since
he started making movies, he
(4 ) __________(won) many awards,
including three Oscars.
Even as a young child, he had a
fascination for the movie industry. He
(5 )__________(make) little movies
that involved crashes with his train
set, and his friends paid to see them!
Then he got a prize for his first real
movie, called Escape to Nowhere, when he was only
13 years old. But he still couldn't get into film school,
so he (6)__________ (study) English literature at
California State University. While he was a student,
he made another movie called Amhlin. Because of
this movie, he (7)__________ (get) his first job at
Universal Studios, and he became the
youngest-ever director to work for a
major movie studio.
Steven Spielberg says that his
success at work is because of his
happy family life. He (8) -----------
(be) happily married to his second
wife, actress Kate Capshaw, since
1991, and between them they
have seven children. They all
(9) (live) in California,
where he now has his own film
studio. Although he is always busy,
he only (10)__________ (work)
from 9:30 to 5:30 during the week,
and never on weekends. Although he is one of the
most successful filmmakers of all time, he is a family
man first!
Unit 7 Fame! 39
Pronunciation Check it
11 Word stress
1 G3D Put these three- and four-syllable
words in the correct stress box. Practice
saying the words.
wonderful successful government
possibly mysterious reasonable
information competition journalist
exactly politician photographer
employment seriously comfortable
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
2 P i n Practice saying these sentences.
1. He found employment as a photographer.
2. She wants to be a successful politician and
work in government.
3. I saw some information about a
competition with wonderful prizes.
4. We bought a comfortable sofa at a
reasonable price in exactly the
right color.
Unit 7 Fame!
1. What have you done on the weekend?
2. Luke is such a difficult child. He became so spoiled! He gets
everything he wants.
3. I ve been at the school since three months.
4. Where have you met your husband?
5. Princess Diana has died in a car crash in Paris in 1997.
6. Roald Dahl wrote lots of childrens books. He died since mor<
than ten years, but his books are still very popular.
7. My teacher is very impatience. She always tells us to hurry up
and finish our work.
8. Harrys neighbor is so helpless. When Harrys away, she feeds
his cat, waters the flowers, and even cuts the grass!
9. I live here for five years.
10. Teresa has a new job as a hotel reception.
13 Listening
Welcome to The Peter Peterson Showl
1 Pin The Peter Peterson Show is a popular talk show. Petersoi
interviews A-list celebrities. Listen to an interview with Damien
Decker, Hollywoods latest young star.
2 Are the sentences true ( / ) or false (X)? Correct the false senten
1. War Without Guns hasnt been a success.
2. O Damien has been famous for a long time.
3. Hes wanted to be an actor since he was a child.
4. Ben Storm is a very successful Hollywood actor.
5. HH Damien plays the part of a politician.
6. The movie is not just a war movie.
7. EH Christina Diaz plays Damiens wife in the movie.
8. Peter enjoyed War Without Guns.
3 Complete the story of Damien using the verb in parentheses in
right tense.
DAMIEN DECKE
the next J ames Bond?
DAMIEN DECKER (1) ls_______(be) now a famous Hollyw
star, but he (2)___________always_____________ (not be) fame
only six months ago he (3)____________ (be) a waiter at Hambui
Heaven. Damien (4)____________ (want) to be an actor since he
(5 ) (be) a small child, and now at last his dream
(6 ) ___________ (come) true. He (7)_____________ (star) in tht
movie War Without Guns, which (8) (open) just la
week and (9) already____________ (become) a bi;
success. Damien (10)____________ (hope) to be the next J ames ]
Dos and dont s
Grammar: have to should and must
Vocabulary: Men and women Job
descriptions
Pronunciation: Words that rhyme
have to
1 has to/doesnt ha ve to
1 Tristan, the vet, has made a list of things to do. Look at his
list and read his assistants notes.
2 What does he have to do? What doesnt he have
to do?
1. He has to qo to Ted Willets farm._______________
2. He doesnt haveto take the medicine for the cows.
3. _________________________________________
4. _________________________________________
5. _________________________________________
7.
9.
Thi ngs t o do t hi s week
J. Go to Ted Willets farm.
2. T a k e t h e medicine for the cows, (x - I ve- nl re-pi d^
g-ive-1'i Tfi-ii tl^-e- nufi-iiic.i'W-)
3. Check the new baby sheep.
4. Visit Mrs. Meades sick cat again, (x - -not
lecMSWfl. i t ' s b e t t e r *u*v)
5. G i v e Mrs. Meade the bill. (x - iW
vu\i e<d i t )
6. Drive to Smithson Stables on Thursday.
7. Call the stables to ask for directions, (x - -not
Examine the racehorses,
q. Write a health report for Mr. Smithson.
2 Short answers
Someone is asking Tristan, the vet, questions.
Write Tristans answers.
1. Do you have to get up early?
Yes. I do.________________________________
2. Do you sometimes have to work at night?
3. Do you have to wear a uniform?
4. Did you have to study hard to become a vet?
5. Did you have to look for a job?
6. Does Ted Willet have to give the cows some
medicine?
7. Do you have to visit Mrs. Meades cat?
8. Does Mrs. Meade have to pay the bill?
Unit 8 Dos and donts A
3 Making questions
Put the words in the correct order to make
questions.
1. time / you / up / what / have / get / do / to / ?
What time do you have to get up?______________
2. job / wear / have / for / uniform / you / your /
to / do / a / ?
3. books / have / many / you / buy / so / why / did /
to/?
4. U.S. / visa / get / to / to / go / you / do / have / a /
the / to / ?
5 Making positive and negative sentences
Make ten true sentences about you and your family, using
the chart. Add a comment if you can.
My grandfather doesnt have to go to work. Hes retired.
1 do the dishes.
We babysit.
My parents
have to
make the beds.
My mother
has to
do the shopping.
My father
dont have to
do the cooking.
My sister
My brother /
do the ironing,
work in the yard.
My grandmother
-doesnt have to->^
get up early.
My grandfather' -go to work.
5. J ohn / does / pills / take / often / his / how /
have / to / ?
6. plant / carefully / you / take / of / care / do /
have / to / this / very / ?
have to
Complete the sentences with /jave to, /ias to, or ftarf
to and a suitable verb.
1. I have t o wear glasses because my eyes arent
very good.
2. Remember! When you drive in the U.S. you
____________ on the right!
3. A Can I go and see the dentist when I want?
B Well, usually you____________ an
appointment, unless its an emergency.
4. On weekends J ack wears jeans and a T-shirt.
During the week he a suit and
a tie. 2.
5. Sorry, I m late. I to the bank, and 3.
there was a long line. 4.
6. I dont like my job. Sometimes I ___________ 5.
till midnight. g
7. Farmers____________ every day of the year. y
8. Their car broke down, so they____________ a g
tow truck.
9.
10.
1.
Unit 8 Dos and donts
should
6 Giving advice
Give advice to these people. Use I think ... should or
I dont think ... should.
1. Peter has a very bad cold.
I think he should qo to bed._______________________________
2. Keith wants to drive home, but he doesnt have his glasses.
3. Anns phone bill was enormous! $300!
_____________________________________phone company.
4. J enny and Tony are only 19, but they say they want to
get married.
5. My tooth hurts.
6. My children want $100 for pocket money.
so much.
7. I ve lost my wallet and credit cards.
__________________________________________ your bank.
8. Theres a hole in my shoe. I only bought them last week!
____________________________________________ the store.
9. Kates crying because I pushed her. I t was an accident.
_________________________________________ youre sorry.
7 Asking for advice
Ask for advice in these situations. Use (What) do you
t hink. .. should ... ?
1. George has asked me to marry him.
Do you think I should say yesP__________________________
2. Teresa has invited me to a party at her house.
?
3. Hazel still hasnt given me back the money she owes me.
?
4. I m having a party, and I have to write a guest list.
Who______________________________________________ ?
5. Lisa isnt speaking to me because I said she was stupid.
?
6. Paulo doesnt know whether to go to college or travel
around the world.
What______________________________________________ ?
7. These shoes are amazing, but theyre so expensive!
?
have to or should?
8 Using the correct form
Complete the sentences with a form of have to or
should. Make the verbs negative when necessary.
1. J eff works too much. I think he___________
take it easy.
2. I m going to bed. I ____________ get up
early tomorrow.
3. Id like to meet your boyfriend. You
___________ invite him to visit.
4. Soldiers____________ have short hair.
5. Y ou___________ come with me if you dont
want to. Ill go on my own.
6. I f you cant do your homework, you
___________ ask for help.
7. I f you already have a ticket, you___________
wait in line. Y ou can go straight in.
8. Y ou___________ tell lies. I ts wrong.
9. Y our hairs too long. I think you___________
get it cut.
must
9 must for strong obligation or advice
Complete the sentences with must and a suitable
ending.
1. I ts my mothers birthday tomorrow. I must buy
her a present and a card______________________
2. Theres an excellent movie playing now. You
3. My bedrooms a real mess. I _______________
4. Peters in the hospital. I ________________
5. Our train leaves in two minutes! We
!
6. You can borrow my tennis racket, but you
________________ It was very expensive.
7. A wonderful new restaurant just opened in
town. Y ou_________________________________
Reading
10 Fired from his job!
1 Look at the picture of a cannon and cannonball.
What are they called in your language?
Look at the photo of a human cannonball.
Where does a human cannonball work?
3 Read the newspaper article and mark the
sentences true ( /) , false (X), or dont know (?).
1. Todd is scared of his job.
2. The circus wanted him to go on a training
course in South America.
3. He was worried about flying there.
4. The circus said he didnt have to go
on the course.
5. Todd doesnt think the training course
is necessary.
6. Diego Zeman is a friend of Todds.
7. Marnie Dock advised Todd to do
the course.
8. Todd has decided to take the job as a clown.
4 Find words in the text that mean:
1. really scared
2. very big, huge
3. hurt (a part of your body)
4. a show
5. feel really nervous and scared
6. unhappy
TODD CHRISTIAN, the Human Cannonball, has lost his jol
because he is terrified of flying. But it isnt the enormous cannoi
that scares him, its airplanes! He is quite happy to fly 30 meter
above the circus at 80 km/h, but he wont get on a plane.
When Todd, 26, injured his leg during a performance, th
circus said he should go to Brazil for a special training course
But Todd refused to go. He said, I know it sounds crazy
because I m a human cannonball, but I dont like long flights. I
Im on a plane for a long time, I start to panic.
So the circus told him he had to leave his job. Todd saic
he was very upset. He is now discussing the situation with hi
lawyer. He thinks he doesnt have to do the course.
Meanwhile, Brazilian Diego Zeman, the Human Rocket, ha:
arrived at the circus to take Todds job. Mr. Zeman has already
done the special training course. I feel sorry for Todd, but thi:
is my dream job, and I m very happy, said the Human Rocket.
Marnie Dock, who became the worlds first female humar
cannonball at the age of 16, is now the circuss cannon trainer
She thought that Todd should do the training course. Sht
explained that the circus had to be very strict, as the humar
cannonball performance could be very dangerous. We did i
for his own safety, she said.
Meanwhile, the circus has offered him another job
as a clown.
44 Unit 8 Dos and donts
Vocabulary
11 Men and women
Vocabulary spot
Many words refer to both men and women.
student doctor teacher
Some words refer to one sex only.
waitress (woman) king (man)
1 Put the words in the correct column.
actor musician teenager chef groom nephew
uncle pilot niece model cousin aunt athlete
bride child sir flight attendant maam nurse
Men Women Both
2 Complete the sentences with a word from Exercise 1.
1. Hes my sisters son. Hes my____________
2. I run in races. Im an____________
3. In my job I wear the latest fashions.
I m a____________
4. I serve you food on a plane flight.
I m a____________
5. I star in movies. I m an____________
6. I cook food for a restaurant.
I m a____________
7. The wedding was wonderful. T he ._________
looked beautiful, and the____________ was very
handsome.
8. Good evening,_____________Good evening,
_____________Here is the menu.
12 J ob descriptions
Match a job in A with a verb in B and a line in C.
A farmer works on the land.
A B C
1. A farmer----- helps fires.
2. A receptionist ^ puts out legal advice.
3. An architect 1 repairs medicine for patients.
4. A lawyer ' - works guests.
5. A soldier prescribes | buildings.
6. A firefighter welcomes ' - on the land.
7. A decorator fights for the home and children.
8. A mechanic provides rooms in a house.
9. A homemaker designs cars.
10. A sales assistant paints customers.
11. A doctor takes care of his/her country.
Pronunciation
13 Words that rhyme
i c o o I n each group of words, two words rhyme and
one doesnt. Circle the one which is different. Practice
saying the words.
1. boot
(
)
l
o
i
suit
2. wear hair ear
3. lord word bored
4. home come some
5. sung wrong young
6. flower .lower shower
7. pull pool wool
8. niece pies peace
9. food good should
10. crowd loud road
11. male smile sail
2 G 3E 3 Practice saying these sentences.
1. You should try the foodits good!
2. Lord Wood was bored with his crossword.
3. You have to come home sometime.
4. The crowd walked along the road shouting loudly.
5. The young man has sung the wrong song!
Check it
46
1. You should visit Canada in the summer when is warmer.
2. Sorry Im late. I have to do some shopping.
3. She dont have to work late tonight.
4. He applied a job as a bus driver.
5. You should pass a drivers test before you drive a car.
6. I dont think you should listen to her advices.
7. You have to has all the right documents to travel.
8. You dont have to use your cell phone in movie theaters.
9. Does she has to wear glasses?
10. Do you think should I go to the doctor?
3
15 Listening
Youll have a great time!
1 G U O Listen to J ustin. He is giving advice to his friend Sam,
who is going to study in New Y ork for six months.
2 Choose the correct answer.
1. Sams going to New Y ork next week / month.
2. He is leaving on Tuesday / Thursday.
3. He advises Sam to buy warm clothes before he goes to New York /
when he is in New York.
4. Sam / The university has arranged all his documents.
5. Hes going to live in a tiny / huge apartment in Greenwich V'ill age.
6. One of J ustins favorite places is Grand Central Station /
Central Park.
7. Sam is / isn t going to visit Giuseppes Pizza Parlor.
Sam is writing a list of the things to do before leaving for New York.
Complete the list using have to or should.
1. I ___________ pack warm clothes.
2. I ___________ get U.S. dollars from the bank on Wednesday.
3. I ___________ call my parents! , * j
4. I ___________ find my passport.
5. I ___________ be at the airport at four oclock in the morning.
6. I ___________ go to bed early the night before.
Give advice to Sam. Use I think you should or I dont think you should.
1. My flight leaves at six oclock tomorrow morning, and J ustin
wants to go out to a club tonight.
2. I ts going to be very cold in New York.
3. I havent given my parents my New Y ork address.
4. I have to get up very early.
5. Where should I get U.S. dollars? At the airport or from
my bank?
6. How should I travel to the airport? Taxi or train?
Grammar: Conditional clauses Time
clauses
Vocabulary: make and do take
and get
Pronunciation: Ways of pronouncing
-ea-
Present Simple or will ?
l
2
Sun'n'Seci
Getaways
vacations
with a
difference!
S u , S <H ^C
1. I f you like / will like our destinations, you love /
11love our prices!
2. You dont / wont regret it if you choose/
will choose any one of these fabulous
vacation resorts!
. When you book / will book a trip with us, you
g e t / 11 get five-star service all the way!
4. You receive / will receive free travel insurance,
sunscreen, and a $20 travelers check, as soon
as you make / will make your booking.
5. While you are / will be in your resort, your
hotel gives / will give you a free meal for two!
6. And our company gives /will give you another
$20 to spend at the airport, before you get / will
get on your flight home!
Look at the vacation brochure.
Choose the correct forms to
complete the sentences.
1. A Theres someone at the door.
B OK. I go / I ll go.
2. A What a beautiful picture!
B I buy / I ll buy it for you.
3. A What newspaper do you buy?
B I buy / I ll buy the Times.
4. A Would you like to order, sir?
B Yes, I have / I ll have the lamb.
5. A What time do you eat in
the evening?
B We have / Well have dinner
at about eight.
6. A The phones ringing!
B OK. I answer / I ll answer it.
Hurry! Take advantage of this amazing offer!
Don't delay! Book today!
Unit 9 Going places 4
Conditional clauses
M BEDlMBiLjatei. I
2 Making questions
1 Y our friend is going on vacation. Write the questions.
1. What / do / miss / plane ?
What will you do if you miss the plane?_______________
2. What / do / plane / late ?
3. Where / stay / hotels / full ?
4. What / do / not like the food ?
5. Where / go / beaches / crowded ?
6. What / do / get sunburned ?
2 Now match the questions above with the correct
answers.
a. I ll just eat bread, cheese, and fruit.
b. I wont sunbathe for a few days.
c. I I wont miss it. I ll get there early.
d. I ll find somewhere. A youth hostel, maybe.
e. I ll sleep at the airport.
f. I ll visit the old town and the mountains.
3 Making negatives
Make the sentences negative, but keep the meaning
same. Y ou will need to change some words.
1. Well leave the party before 10:00.
We wont stay at the party after 10:00.____________
2. Shell be late.
3. Hell lose.
4. I ll fail my tests.
5. Shell tell the truth.
6. Well eat out.
7. Well walk to school.
8. Ill go to bed early tonight.
9. I ll accept the invitation.
10. Well go out on the weekend.
4 i f or whenl
Complete the sentences with i f or when.
1. If you cant do your homework,
ask for help.
2. I ll pay you back___________ I next see you.
3. I ll go to bed____________ this program ends.
4. ____________ anyone calls me, tell them Im out
5. Come on!____________ we hurry, well catch
the bus!
6. ____________ I play tennis with J ustin, he
always wins.
7. The malls are full of things to buy-----------------
holidays come.
8. A Ive lost my bag.
B ____________ I find it, I ll let you know.
48 Unit 9 Going places
Time clauses
5 Present tense or future?
1. Bye! I call / I ll call you when I get / I ll get home.
2. Lucky you! While youre / youll foeon vacation, I m / I ll
be at work.
3. I m sorry youre going away. I m glad / I ll be glad when
youre back/you will be back.
4. A Give me your phone number.
B Sure. I give / I ll give it to you before I ll go / 1 go.
5. The doctor will be ready in ten minutes. Take a seat while
you will wait / youre waiting.
6. Im going out before the stores will close / the stores close.
7. I wait / I ll wait by the phone until you call / youll call.
8. Y ou must call me as soon as youll get/you get your
test results.
9. I hope to see you while I ll b e/ I m in Tokyo.
6 J oining sentences
J oin the pairs of sentences using the words in parentheses.
Make the necessary tense changes.
1. Shell pay me back. Shell get some money, (as soon as)
Shell pay meback as soon as sine, gets some money.__________
2. Ill wait here. Y oull get back, (until)
3. Give me a call. Y oull hear some news, (when)
4. Ill do my homework. The TV program will end. (after)
5. I ll take a shower. Ill go to work, (before)
6. Shell visit friends. Shell be in Sao Paulo, (while)
7. I ll go home. Class will end. (as soon as)
8. I wont leave the house. The mail will come, (until)
9. Can you feed the cats? Ill be away, (while)
10. I ll tell you about my vacation. I ll get back, (when)
7 Choosing the correct conjunction
Choose the time expression which best completes
the sentence. Sometimes two are possible.
1. Please turn out the lights after / before / when
you go to bed.
2. I like to relax as soon as / while / before
I m on vacation.
3. When / I f / While you are the first person up in
the morning, make us some coffee.
4. I m going to keep asking you to marry me
while / until / when you say yes.
5. We can go i f / as soon as / while youre ready.
6. Whi l e / I f / When I m having my hair cut, you
can do the shopping.
7. Stop at a gas station after / when / before we run
out of gas.
8. Af t er/ When / Until youve read the newspaper,
can I have it?
9. I am so worried about J ames. As soon as /
While /After you hear any news, call me.
10. I f / When / As soon as we discover life on
another planet, will it be intelligent?
/ ? a / A "
Unit 9 Going places 4
8 Tenses and time expressions
On the lines, put the verb in parentheses into the correct tense:
Present Simple, going to future, will future, or the Present
Continuous. Put i f when, or as soon as into each box.
Vocabulary
9 make and do
Complete the sentences with a phrase from
the box and make or do in the correct form.
your best up my mind friends a fortune
a noise the dishes me a favor
Next year, 1(1) m going (go) on the most fantastic trip to
the Galapagos Islands in Ecuador! I (2)____________ (join) a
group of young scientists. We (3). .(study) some of
the amazing wildlife there. We arent sure exactly when to go yet.
(4)1 we (5). .(go) in April, it
(6).
(7).
(9).
.(be) warm but rainy. The weather
.(be) cooler and drier (8) I________
.(travel) in J une. We (10) _
we
all
____________ (meet) this weekend to make a final decision.
(11) c J we (12)___________(know) exactly
when we want to go, we (13)____________ (book) our flights to
Quito, the capital city. (14)
(arrive) in Quito, we (16) _
we (15).
and get on a boat. Then we (17).
.(take) a bus to the port
probably
.(sail) around the islands for three weeks.
_______ (work) hard, I we(19).
I m sure we (20). .(find out) lots of fascinating
things about these wonderful islands. And I hope well see
lots of turtles!
1. A Are you enjoying life in San Francisco?
B I ts exciting, but sometimes lonely. I ts
hard to make friends in a big city.
2. A That was a great dinner. Thanks!
B Y oure welcome. Since I did the
cooking, now you can_______________
3. A I cant ______________________________
Should I get the steak or the fish?
B Get the fish. I ve heard its very good.
4. Have you heard about J oe? Hes rich! He
________________ in business.
5. Can you. . and pick up some eggs
while youre at the store? Thanks.
6. A I m so nervous about the test! I couldnt
sleep at all last night.
B Dont worry. J ust___________________
7. I didnt ___________when I came home last
night, but I still woke up the dog.
10 take and get
Complete the sentences with a phrase from
the box and take or get in the correct form.
care
ready
angry
a photo
better
a cold
along
a long time
1. A Do you .get along___ well with
your parents?
B We do now, but we argued all the time
when I was younger.
2. I have a camera, so I 'l l _________________
3. A Can you__________ of my cat while I n
away on vacation?
B Sure. I just have to feed him and give
him water and things, right?
4. I f I tell you some bad news, will you
promise not to________________________
5. A I walked home in the rain without an
umbrella.
B Really? I hope you dont ____________
6. A Honey, were late for the party! Can
you__________________________ faste
B Almost done! I m just fixing my hair.
7. I t_________to learn to play the violin we
8. I m so sorry youre sick!____________soo
The trip of a
lifetime
Reading
11 Traveling at the speed of tight!
1 Read the magazine article and mark Toms journey
on the map. How many stops did he make?
2 Answer the questions.
1. How long is the trip that Tom is going to take?
2. Why doesnt he want to go?
3. How much did the ticket cost?
4. Where does he want to eat toast and jam?
5. Which parts of the journey cant he remember?
6. Which places does he want to come back to?
Traveling
at the speed
of light!
Travel writer Tom Bradley loses sleep on the ultimate trip
an 11-day, 29,000-mile journey around the world
I
'm getting on the plane at
Heathrow Airport, when I
realize that I don't want to
goon this journey. I already feel
tired just thinking about it.
But if 1don't go now, I'll waste over
$2,000 on my around-the-world
ticketso I get on the plane.
5,500 miles and eight time zones
later, I get off the plane in L.A. It is
late afternoon, but my body clock is
telling me that it is 5 a .m. When I
get to the hotel, "all Ill want to eat is
toast and jam, not dinner. But if I
don't eat now, I'll feel hungry in the
middle of the L.A. night.
Next morning I wake up, and try
to eat breakfast. Then I go on a
quick tour of Hollywood, before I
catch my next plane. Another 5,500
miles later, and another four time
zones later, I get off the plane in Fiji.
I am exhausted, but this is paradise.
When I have a proper vacation next
year, I'll come back here. I go to the
hotel and lie under a palm tree. But
all too soon, I 'm back at the airport.
Another 1,341 miles and an
international dateline later, we arrive
in Auckland, New Zealand. Next I'm
in Australia, flying from Sydney to
Fremantle. Unfortunately, I don't
have a clear memory of New Zealand
or Australia, except for sheep, a
seaplane, whales, and a waterside
restaurant. I am just too tired.
I wake up 1,603 miles from
Fremantle, and I 'm in Bali in the
Pacific Ocean. I have never felt so
awake before! Bali is beautiful, and I
really enjoy my day here. If I ever
get married, I'll come back here on
my honeymoon.
1,040 miles later, I 'm in Singapore.
How did I get here?
Then Im flying home, still wishing
I was back in Bali. As soon as I get
home, I know I'll start feeling bored!
Unit 9 Going places 5'
Pronunciation
12 Ways of pronouncing -ea-
Q
G3ED There are different ways
to pronounce -ea-. Look at these
(Present Simple)
(Past Simple)
examples.
IU read
/e/ read
/ir/ dear
/er/ wear
/ei/ break
/ar/ learn
i G3ED Put these words into the
correct place in the chart.
meat earth reason dead
clcor great bread mean
fear bear theater dear
/il /e/ /it /
meat dead clear
/er/ /ei/ h r /
2 Hl ETl Look at these pairs of
words. Is -ea- pronounced the same
or differently? Put a check ( / ) or a
cross (/).
1. dear
0
clear
2. dear
m
earth
3. health
reason
4. health
wealth
5. learn
mean
6. learn
earth
7. wear
bear
8. wear
great
9. break
great
10. fear
theater
11. meat
bread
12. bread
dead
Check it
1. What will you do if youll lose your job?
2. I promise I ll go to bed if this TV show ends.
3. The meeting can start as soon as Ling will arrive.
4. I f its too expensive, I want buy it.
5. I ll give it to J ohn when he come.
6. I m tomorrow going to Canada.
7. Whos making the dishes tonight?
8. Can you tell me where is the bus station?
9. We arrived in school at eight oclock this morning.
10. Well leave as soon youre ready.
14 Listening
Whats in the future?
1 G 3 D Susan is telling her friend, Maria, about a problem. Listen to
the conversation.
2 ( 3 3 0 Listen again. Are the sentences about Susan true ( / ) or false (X)?
Correct the false ones.
1. EE Maria makes Susan a cup of tea.
2. EH Susan is worried about her job.
3. Susan went traveling when she finished college.
4. She found it difficult to get a job after college.
5. Ej Maria thinks that Susan will be unhappy next year.
6. EEI Susan has never been to Australia.
7. EEI Shell live in a house in the center of Sydney.
3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.
1. I f she loses her job, i t_____the end of the world, (not be)
2. I f Susan loses her job, she _____ to Australia, (go)
3. I f she goes to Australia, she_____ a good life, (have)
4. I f she sells her house, she
5. I f she goes to Australia, she.
. some money, (make)
_ on the beach, (live)
Thi ngs t hat
changed t he worl d
Gr ammar : The passive
Vocabulary: Verbs and nouns that
go together
Pronunciation: Sentence stress
The passive
1 Forming the passive
Complete the text with the passive form of the verbs.
Use the Present Simple, Past Simple, or Present Perfect.
Unit 10 Things that changed the world 53
Freeplay -
the worlds first
clockwork radio
The clockwork radio is the only radio that doesnt need
batteries or electricity. I t (1) is powered (power) by
turning the handle for a minute. Nowadays, thousands of
these radios (2)___________ (make) every day. They
(3) (buy) by people in Third World
countries where there isnt any electricity.
The clockwork radio (4)____________ (invent) in
1991 by Trevor Bayliss, a British inventor. Trevor had
the idea while he was listening to some news on the
radio about Africa. I t (5)____________ (report) that
Africans were dying of AIDS and there was no easy
way to send them,information about the disease.
But no one would help Trevor develop his idea for a
new kind of radio. Finally, in 1993, his invention
(6 ) ____________ (show) on a TV program, and
afterwards, a South African businessman heard of Trevors
clever idea and contacted him. The first Freeplay radios
(7 ) ____________ (build) in South Africa in 1995.
Since then, the radios have been a great success.
Millions of them (8)___________ (sell) worldwide,
and Trevor (9)___________ (give) many awards,
including one from Nelson Mandela.
Trevor has hung a letter on the wall in his house. I t
(10) (write) in 1991 by another engineer,
who explained in great detail why he thought Trevors
idea for a clockwork radio
couldnt possibly work!
2 Making questions
Complete the questions about the clockwork radio.
1. The clockwork radio was invented by Trevor Bayliss.
w h o was the clockwork radio in vented by?___________
2. The clockwork radio was invented in 1991.
When_________________________________________ ?
3. They are bought by people in the Third World.
Who__________________________________________ ?
4. His invention was shown on TV.
Where_________________________________________?
5. It was developed in South Africa.
Where_________________________________________?
6. The first radios were built in 1995.
When_________________________________________ ?
7. Thousands of Freeplay radios are made every day.
How many_____________________________________?
8. Millions of radios have been sold worldwide.
How many_____________________________________?
3 Short answers
Answer the questions about the clockwork radio.
Use short answers.
1. Was the clockwork radio invented by Trevor Bayliss?
Yes, it was.________________________________________
2. Was it invented in 1991?
3. Was it developed in India?
4. Were the first radios built in 1993?
5. Have millions of radios been sold worldwide?
6. Has Trevor Bayliss been given an award by
Nelson Mandela?
7. Has the clockwork radio been a great success?
Unit 10 Things that changed the world
4 Making negatives
Thes sentences give incorrect information. Rewrite
them, using the correct information in parentheses.
1. Paper is made of plastic, (wood)
Paper isnt wade of plastic. Its made of wood.___________
2. J ohn Lennon was killed in London. (New Y ork City)
3. Coffee is grown in Canada. (Brazil and Columbia)
4. Sunflowers was painted by Renoir. (Vincent Van Gogh)
5. Clockwork radios have been produced since 1885.
(1995)
6. The Berlin Wall was knocked down in 1982. (1989)
7. The 2008 Olympic Games were held in Sydney.
(Beijing)
8. Rolls-Royce cars are made in J apan, (the UK)
9. The iPod was developed by Microsoft. (Apple)
5 Local news stories
1 Complete the three stories with the passive verbs
in the boxes.
STOP IN THE NAME
OF THE LAW!
2 Complete the questions about the newspaper stories,
using the passive.
1. w h o was discovered under the floor of a new house?
A cat named Tiger.
2. Where_______________________________________
To the vets.
3. Why________________________________________
by the police?
Because he was driving the wrong way down a
highway.
4. Why________________________________________
by his granddaughter in the future?
Because his drivers licence has been taken away.
5. Who________________________________________
by his colleagues?
A truck driver called Stewart Wilson.
6. Where_______________________________________
a place?
At Harvard University.
A truck driver, who (10)___________- Stupid Stewart
by his colleagues, (11)____________ a place at Harvard
University to study history.
Stewart Wilson, 30, became a truck driver after he left
high school with no plans for college. He (12)___________
by his coworkers until he took a Mensa test. He
(13 ) ___________ he had an IQ of 151, which put him in
the top 2% of the country. So he immediately signed up
to take his college entrance exams, and got great scores.
Stewart said, I ts a dream come true! And I
(14 ) ___________ stupid recently, Im happy to say!
has been offered was called was told
was laughed at havent been called
An 86-year-old man (5) by the police
while he was driving the wrong way down a highway.
When Mr. Hurst (6)____________ what he was doing,
he said, I m glad to see you. I (7)___________ by all
the other drivers. But theyre all going the wrong way.
The police drove him back home. Since then, his drivers
licence (8)_____________ He (9)____________ by his
granddaughter in the future.
has been taken away was asked ve been shouted at
will be driven__________was stopped_____________________
TI GER S LUCKY ESCAPE
A cat named Tiger, who was lost for three weeks in
the town of Elmwood, (1) has been found _ today.
Tiger (2)____________ this morning by construction
workers under the floor in a new house. The workers
heard a small noise while they were trying to fix a
badly fitted pipe. The cat (3)___________
immediately to the vets. The vet said the cat only
survived because it was able to drink water from the
broken pipe. Tigers owner, who (4)____________by
the local paper, said that for the first time in his life
he was grateful to bad plumbers.
has boon foued
was interviewed
was discovered
was taken
O Not so stupid after all
Active and passive
6 Signs
Look at the signs. For each sign, write
two sentences, one passive and one active.
1. Spanish is spoken here.________________
Spanish spoken here.
Se haba espaol.
We speak Spanish here.
2.
3.
5.
6.
p a r t -t i m e
ASSISTANT WANTED.
NO EXPERIENCE
NEEDED.
JezveCry
bought and
soCcC
0Cr<?dit cards accepted
o
I 1 4 %*t *
i f
NO Done i
feer 'i "miutotj
i BurnerssoW
I
A rV
a l l o w e d I
7 Active or passive?
Complete the text with the verbs in parentheses
in the correct tense, active or passive.
A drink enjoyed all over the world
itlO Things tFfat change!
A billion cans or bottles of Coca-Cola ( 1) ___________
(drink) every day worldwide!
This famous drink (2)____________ (invent) in 1886 by an
American chemist, Dr. J ohn Pemberton, in Atlanta, Georgia.
He (3)____________ (call) it a health drink. Pembertons
partner, Frank Robinson, (4)___________ (give) it the name
Coca-Cola.
The business didnt start well. In the first year, only nine
drinks a day (5)___________ (sell). In 1888, the business
(6 ) ___________ (buy) by a man named Asa Candler. He
(7 ) ____________(open) the first factory, in Texas, in 1895.
Since then, billions and billions of gallons (8)___________
(sell) in over 200 countries.
Coca-Cola (9)___________ still____________ (make) in that
factory in Texas today. And it is certain that Coca-Cola
(10)_____________________________(drink) far into the
21st century.
Vocabulary
8 Verbs and nouns that go together
Complete the sentences with the correct form of a verb from
the box. Some verbs are used more than once.
discover make tell give
lose carry keep miss
invent do wear say
1. A group of British scientists.
in 1953.
2. The cell phone was________
in 1973.
3. I never remember to_
it rains!
4. Dont worry, I wont .
discovered
. DNA
. by an American engineer
_ an umbrella when
. my way. Masa sent
me a text message with the directions from the station to
his apartment.
5. A Bye! Have fun at Grandmas!
B I will. And I l l ____________ hello to her for you.
6. Y ou look thin. Have you. . weight?
7. A Why is everyone laughing at me?
B Theyre not. Martin____________ a funny joke just
before you came into the room.
8. A I dont know what I should do after I finish college.
B Y ou should talk to my roommate. She always
____________ good advice.
9. Tom has a great job and____________ a lot of money, but
hes still unhappy.
10. Sorry I m late. My alarm clock broke, and I .
the bus.
11. A Why do you look so happy today?
B Can you____________ a secret? I m going to ask J ill to
marry me tonight!
12. How many passengers can this plane____________ ?
. your homework while you 13. I ts a bad idea to_______
watch TV.
14. A How do you like working in France, Bob?
B I ts a lot of fun, of course, but I ____________ my
friends back home.
. a watch because I can check the time 15. I never _______
on my cell phone.
16. A OK, Maggie, its 7:30. Time for bed!
B Can you___________ me a story first, Daddy?
Pronunciation
9 Sentence stress
e In English we only stress the important words in a
sentence. These words carry the most meaning,
i G3EQ Say these sentences. The important
information is stressed.
She drove her car.
I read a book.
We went to :
El ED Now say these longer sentences. The
stress pattern means they still take about the same
time to say as the sentences in 1!

Shes driving her car.
Ill read her a book.
Weve been to your school.
Shes given him some money.
Im talking to your father.
Were going on a picnic.
Q3EQ Write the numbers of the sentences in the
box with the right sentence stress pattern. There are
three sentences for each pattern.
A.
I
B.
C.
1. I m going home.
2. Lets go to the mall!
3. We need some more milk.
4. Theyre playing with their puppy.
5. Shes staying here.
6. Well cook you a meal.
7. I helped my dad.
8. I ve taken him a sandwich.
9. She laughed at his old sneakers.
Practice saying the sentences.
Check it
1. Samsung phones is made in Korea.
2. The telephone has been invented in 1876.
3. It was invented from Alexander Graham Bell.
4. Hundreds of Roman coins were been found in a
backyard in London.
5. A German chemist was invented aspirin.
6. Google is an amazing discovery.
7. Oh no! I ve lost the bus.
8. Sandra is very good at telling advice.
9. I always make my homework listening to music.
10. I cant hear you. You broke up.
11Listening
A phone call to a phone company
i G 3E 9 Gary Boyd has a problem with his cell
phone bill. Hes calling Faster Phone, the caring
phone company, to ask about it. Listen to the
conversation and circle the correct answer.
1. Gary signed up with the company__________
a. last year
b. last month
c. last week
2. He received a phone bill for____________
a. $200 b. $50 c. $15
3. During the conversation Gary speaks to_____
different people.
a. one b. two c. three
4. He was told that for $50 he could__________
a. talk for 150 minutes and send 150 texts
b. talk for 500 minutes and send 150 texts
c. talk for 500 minutes and send 500 texts
5. Gary finally speaks to ____ ________
a. David
b. the manager
c. nobody
6. Faster Phone has been taken over by_______
a. David
b. the Cell Phone Factory
c. the Caring Phone Company
7. Garys reference number i s____________
a. (412) 555-7885
b. 250
c. R73889506
8. The new phone companys prices are_______
a. cheaper
b. more expensive
c. the same
2 G 3E 3 Listen again and complete the expressions with the
correct words.
1. ____________ can I help you?
2. I m___________ youve____________the
wrong department.
3. ___________ on a moment and I l l ____________
you through.
4. ____________ you please explain____________?
5. Do you want to leave a ____?
6. Il l ___________ you____________ to him.
7. Can I help you? I certainly hope ___________
8. I m so sorry to____________ that, sir. Lets___________
what I can do.
9. Thank you. Y ouve been very ______
No problem, Mr. Boyd. I m____________ I could help.
58 Unit 10 Things that changed the world
What if * *
Grammar: Second conditional might
Vocabulary: Phrasal verbs
Pronunciation: Words that sound
the same
Second Conditional
1 Alfies dreams
G3E3 Alfie works in a factory. Read about
his life, then complete the sentences about
his dreams.
2 Making questions
G J E j A sk questions about Alfie.
I f Alfie was the boss of the factory,...
1. where would he live_____________
In a beautiful house.
2. ____________________________
At noon.
In a sports car.
4. ______________
Only when he wanted to.
5. _______________________
To the Caribbean.
A pay raise!
Unit 11 W h a t i f . . . ? 59
J J ream
in ci beautiful house.
at noon.
~ to work in a sports car.
only when he wanted to.
~ on vacation to the Caribbean.
all the factory workers a pay raise!
1. he nould/^d live
2. he _
3. h e ^
4. h e __
5. he__
6. he
He g et s up at b: uu.
He bi k es t o w o r k . Q0
He w o r k s l o n g hour s , f r o m 7.00 t o 6.00.
He n ev er goes on v ac at i o n .
He saves hi s mo n ey .
3 Sharmistas dreams
CTETlRead about Sharmistas dreams, and complete the
text. Use the Present Simple and the Second Conditional.
M y name's Sharmista, and 1(1). (live) in
Mumbai in India. I'm an office worker, but I
( 2 ) ___________(want) to be a Bollywood movie
star! (Bollywood is the Indian Hollywood.)
1( 3 ) ___________(live) at home with my family, but
if I was a Bollywood star, I ( 4 ) ___________(have) a
big house in the hills outside the city, and 1(5)
___________(marry) a handsome Bollywood actor,
and we ( 6 ) ___________(live) there together with our
three beautiful children!
1 usually ( 7 ) ___________(go) to work by bus, butif I
(be) famous, I ( 9 ) _____________(go) in a big
(not drive) it myself. I
(8) ----------
limousine. 1(10)
( 1 1 ) _________ (have) a driver!
In my job, 1 ( 12) ___________(not make) much money,
and 1( 13) ___________(give) most of my money to my
parents. But if 1 ( 1 4 ) ___________(be) a movie star, 1(15)
-----------------(be) rich! 1( 16) ___________ (give) my parents
_______ (not waste) my money
also___________ (buy)
myself some beautiful clothes! It would be a wonderful life!
a lot of money, and 1(17)
on silly things. 1( 18) ____
4 Short answers
Answer the questions about Sharmista. Use short answers.
I f Sharmista was a Bollywood movie star, ...
1. would she live in an apartment?
No, she wouldnt._____________________________________
2. would she get married?
3. would she have children?
4. would she drive her car herself?
5. would she waste her money?
6. would she have a wonderful life?
5 I f...
J oin these sentences using the Second Conditional.
1. I m not rich. I dont live in a big house.
If I was rich, I would/d live in a big house._________
2. Steve works in the evening. He has no time to
play with his children.
3. Sue buys a lot of clothes. She has no money.
4. I dont have car. I cant give you a ride.
5. I go to bed late. I m tired in the morning.
6. J udy doesnt have a watch. Shes always late.
60 Unit 11 W h a t i f . . . ?
might
6 might = will +perhaps
Write the sentences with might instead of
will + perhaps.
1. Perhaps it will rain tomorrow.
It might rain tomorrow._______________________
2. Perhaps well go to Thailand for our vacation.
3. Perhaps I wont go out tonight.
4. Perhaps J oe and Ellie will come over for dinner this
evening.
5. Perhaps I ll get a video game for my birthday.
6. Perhaps Dave wont call me tonight.
1. Dont wait for me. I ll be / I might be late. It depends
on the traffic.
2. A What are you doing tonight?
B I dont know. I m going/1 might go out, or
I m staying/1 might stay at home.
3. We have guests coming for Sunday dinner. I m
going to make / 1 might make lasagna and a salad. I ve
bought all the ingredients.
4. A I m going to buy George a green shirt.
B I wouldnt if I were you.
A Why not?
B He isnt going to like / He might not like
the color green.
5. A Goodbye, darling! I ll call / 1 might call as
soon as I arrive.
B Thanks. Bye!
6. Catherine wants to be a politician. Who knows? One
day shell be / she might feepresident!
8 Worries
What are these people worried about? Match a line in A with a line in B.
*
A
B
1. Sophies worried. Shes going to be an English teacher abroad.------------------
2. Yumis worried. Her 4-year-old daughter is walking on a high wall.
3. So-youngs worried. Shes got two important exams tomorrow.
4. Davids worried. His roommates are away, and hes invited some friends over for a party. \
5. Francis is worried. He thinks its going to rain, and he doesnt have an umbrella. -------
6. Tobys worried. His company is going to cut some staff.
7. Lings worried. Her plane leaves in 40 minutes, and shes stuck in a traffic jam.
a. She might fall.
b. She might miss it.
c. She might fail.
d. He might get wet.
- e. She might not like it.
f. They might break something.
g. He might lose his job.
Unit 11 W h a t i f . . . ?
9 Trying to decide
Complete the text with might and a verb from
the box.
become
not make (x2)
wait
meet
get
go
I know its time for decisions, but Im not very
good at making decisions. I always worry that
1(1)-------------------the right choice. I
(2)-------------------to college next year, but Im
not sure. I (3)--------------------a year and travel
around Asia for a while. After college, I (4)
--------------------a teacher. I (5)-------------------
much, but I like working with kids, and money
isnt everything. Someone told me there
are lots of jobs teaching English abroad,
so I (6)--------------------a degree in teaching.
Then I could teach and travel! Who knows, I
(7)-------------------a nice girl, too! That would
be great!"
Pronunciation
10 Words that sound the same
e words are pronounced the same, but they are spelled
differently and have different meanings.
t
meet - Should we meet at six?
meat - Do you eat meat?
i E 3E D Circle the word in the box that matches the sound
of the word on the left.
1. fair fear fire (h)
2. hire higher hair high
3. one when won own
4. weigh why we way
5. threw though tough through
6. tie tea Thai toe
7. peace pies piece peas
2 d ED Write the other spelling for these words in phonetii
script.
brake ____________
1. /breik/
2. /blu:/
3. /dir/
4. /psr/
5. /rood/
6. /wi:k/
7. /weist/
8. /eit/
blew
deer
pear
rode
weak
waist
eight
3 E 3 E I Complete the sentences with words from Exercises
1and 2 with the correct spelling.
1. The wind was so strong last night that i t----------------
/blu:/ some leaves---------------- /9ru:/ the open window.
2. The boys---------------- /roud/ their bikes along the
---------------- /roud/ to school.
3. Sara was sick for a---------------- /wi:k/. Shes back at work
now, but shes still feeling a bi t---------------- /wi:k/.
4. A Are you hungry? Would you like a----------------
/pi:s/ of cake?
B No, thanks. I ve decided to go on a diet, because I
----------------/wei/ too much!
5. I ----------------/0ru:/the ball----------------/hai sr/and
---------------- /haiar/ into the air, and I ---------------- /ko:t/ it
perfectly every time!
62 Unit 11 W h a t I f . . . ?
Vocabulary Check it
Phrasal verbs
1 Complete the sentences with a verb from the box in the
correct form.
fill give put try lie get look (x2) fall go
1. Can I ___________ on those shoes? Size nine.
2. I want the children to___________ on their sunhats.
I ts very hot today.
3. J ust__________ away! Y oure really annoying me.
4. Could you____________ out this form, please, and
sign it at the bottom?
5. I ve got a really bad headache. I m just going to
____________ down.
6. A What does the word gorgeo us mean?
B No idea. I l l ____________ it up in the dictionary.
7. I m___________for my glasses. Have you seen
them anywhere?
8. She___________off her horse and hurt her wrist.
9. I dont know how to set up this DVD player!
I ____________ up!
10. I dont like J ames, but I ____________ along very well
with his wife.
2 Complete the sentences with a particle from the box.
up (x3) down on (x2) away
1. Y ou look tired. Sit____________ and have a cup
of coffee.
2. I m looking for yesterdays newspaper. Did you
throw i t___________ ?
3. T urn___________ the light, please! I ts too dark
in here.
4. I live in Boston now, but I grew____________ in
Los Angeles.
5. Come___________ !Hurry_____________Y oull
be late for school.
6. J ohn! Wake____________ !Do you hear a
noise downstairs?
1. I f I would know the answer, I d tell you.
2. What will you do if you were president?
3. You wouldnt be tired if you go to bed earlier.
4. The weather forecast says it might probably rain.
5. Well go to J anes party, but were not sure if we can.
6. I ll look out that word in my dictionary for you.
7. Hes a such good skier.
8. I t was so an interesting movie.
9. Politicians tell such many lies.
13 Listening
Its election time
1 0 3 0 Listen to J enny Baker,
the leader of the Blue Party,
talking to Paul Ross, the host
of the radio news program
Wake Up America. Answer
the questions.
1. When is the election?
2. What has gone up
and up with the current
administration?
3. How many people are unemployed?
4. What is the first thing J enny would do if she
were in charge?
5. Does Paul Ross have an 18-year-old son?
6. How many students leave college with big debts?
How big?
7. What is Pauls final important question?
8. Does J enny answer the question?
2 G 3E 3 Listen again. Complete the lines with the exact
words from the interview.
1. What would you change if you ran the
government?
2. We would bring inflation____________ from 10% to
2%, and there wouldnt be any____________
3. This administration has made___________ a
____________ of the economy.
4. This administration has____________ out of ideas.
5. Y oung people____________ to borrow------------------
amounts of money to go to college.
6. Y our son____________ have to borrow a penny. All
education____________ be free.
7 There would be no tax____________
8. I m afraid weve run out of___________ , J enny.
Unit 11 W h a t i f . . . ? 63
12 Tryi ng your best
Grammar: Present Perfect Simple
and Continuous
Vocabulary: Hot verbs - go and com
Pronunciation: Vowel sounds and
spelling
Present Perfect Simple
1 Present Perfect and Past Simple
Complete the e-mail from J oanna with a verb from the
box in the Present Perfect or the Past Simple.
start come back decide play see (x2) swim
meet not see score fall not hear
600
Hi Amelia,
How are you? I (1). .from you for a while, so I
thought Id drop you a line. How are you all?
We (2)_____________ just______________ from a trip to the
mountains. It was wonderful! We (3)______________some
fantastic mountain scenery every day and
(4)______________in some beautiful (and cold!) lakes. Even
the kids enjoyed all the walking! I thought they would
complain. We (5)______________to go again next year.
How are your kids? (6)_____________ Alice______________
school yet? Does she like it? And what about Jason?
(7)_____________ he ______________ any more goals for his
soccer team lately? Ill never forget the last time we
watched him in a game. He (8)______________so well! Im
sure hell be a professional soccer player.
Oh, and guess what? Our Darren (9)______________in love
with a lovely girl named Rose! He (JO)______________her
at a party last week, and he thinks shes the most beautiful
girl he (11)_____________ ever_______________ I dont know
how long the romance will last well see!
Write soon! Even better, come and visit us, because we
(12)______________each other for such a long time!
Love,
Joanna
2 Present Perfect with yet and already
Faith and Bob are planning a big birthday party. Look
at their list of things to do and complete the sentences.
Use the Present Perfect with yet or already.
Things to do for the party-1
M Bob
reserve the room( / ) wrap the gifts (</)
write the invitations (S) choose the music (X)
order the birthday cake (X) order the soda V )
buy the food ( / ) buy the paper plates and cups (X)
Both
send the invitations (S) decorate the room ( / )
1. Faith / the room
Faith has already reserved the room.
2. And she / the invitations
3. But she / the birthday cake
4. Bob / the gifts
5. But he / the music
6. They / the invitations
7. But they / the room
64 Unit 12 Trying your best
Present Perfect Continuous
5 What has Ann been doing?
Write the correct letter from B in the box for the matching sentence in A.
A B
3 Questions and short answers
Write questions with yet about Faith
and Bob. Then give short answers.
1. Faith / room?
A Has Faith reserved the room yet?
B Yes, she has.___________________
2. Faith / the food?
A -----------------------------------------
B -------------------------------------------------
3. Bob / the soda?
A -----------------------------------------
B -------------------------------------------------
4. Bob / the paper plates and cups?
A ---------------------------------------------
B ------------------------------------------------
5. they / the invitations?
A -----------------------------------------
B -------------------------------------------------
4 been or gone!
Complete the sentences with been
or gone.
1. I ve____________ to most countries
in South America, but I ve never
________ to Peru.
2. A Is Annie in her bedroom?
B No. Shes____________ to lunch.
3.
u
fishing.
Back tomorrow.
1. Anns been sunbathing for too long. [ _
2. Shes been shopping.__
3. Shes been working in the garden.
4. Shes been reading for hours.
5. Shes been watching a sad movie. O
6. Shes been waiting for a bus for hours. Gj
7. Shes been doing the housework. |__
8. Shes been decorating the bathroom.
9. Shes been cooking. _
10. Shes been bathing the children. | ]
6 Making questions
a. Shes annoyed.
b. Shes got paint in her hair.
c. Shes crying.
d. Her back hurts.
e. She doesnt have any money left.
f. Shes very sunburned.
g. Shes covered in soap and water.
h. The house smells like onions and garlic.
i. Shes got a headache,
j. Everythings so clean.
Complete the questions. Put the verbs in the Present
Perfect Continuous.
1. Sorry I m late___________________ (wait) long?
2. Havent you finished your game of chess yet? How long
-------------------------- (play)?
3. The streets are wet________*__________(rain)?
4. The children are filthy! What_________________ (do)?
5. I didnt know you could speak Chinese. How long
_________________ (studying) it?
6. Hi! Im your new neighbor___________________ (live) here long?
7. Why is your hair wet?__________________ (swim)?
8. A I m a mail carrier now.
99
B How l ong__________________ (work) as a mail carrier?
4. Sorry I m late. Ive____________ in a
traffic jam for an hour!
5. You look very suntanned! Have you
____________ on vacation?
6. A Can I speak to Mr. Thompson,
please?
B I m afraid hes___________
for the afternoon.
Unit 12 Trying your best 65
Tense review
7 Choosing the correct tense
1. I m hot because I ve run / I ve been running!
2. I ve cut / I ve been cutting my finger!
3. Have you heard / Have you been hearing
Shakiras latest album?
4. Shes tired because shes shopped / shes been
shopping all day.
5. Sorry. I ve broken / I ve been breaking your chair.
6. How long have you had / have you been having
this book?
7. They live / Theyve been living here for
three years.
8. I ve painted / I ve been painting the living room,
but I havent finished yet.
9. I ve lost / I ve been losing my wallet. Where did I
last have it?
10. Look what Pat has given / has been giving me for
my birthday! A bike!
11. Theres my wallet! I ve looked / I ve been looking
for it for hours.
8 A conversation between old friends
G 3 0 Put the verbs in parentheses in the correct
tense: Present Simple, Past Simple, or Present
Perfect Simple or Continuous.
J ane Hello, Peter! 1(1). (not
see) you in a long time! How are you?
Peter Hi, J ane. Im fine, thanks. And you?
Jane I m OK. What (2)______________ you (do)
_______ __________ since I last
(3)_________________ (see) you?
Peter Well, I (4)__________________ (start) a new
job last month. I ts still in advertising, but
with a new company.
Jane How long (5)__________________you
_________________ (work) in advertising?
Peter For five years. I really
(6 ) _________________ (enjoy) it. Anyway,
what about you?
Jane Well, Im still writing books. I
(7) ____________(write) a couple of
novels, and for the past year I
(8 ) _________________ (research) a book
on local history.
Peter That sounds very interesting.
9 Forming the correct tense
Put the verbs in parentheses in the correct tense: Present
Simple, Past Simple, or Present Perfect Simple or
Continuous.
1. 1(1)_________________ (study) Spanish for the past
three years. My teacher is very good, and I
(2) (like) her very much.
I (3)__________________ (be) to Mexico three times. I
(4)__________________ (go) there last year with my
family, and we (5)__________________ (stay) in
___________(enjoy) it a lot.
___________(try) to find a job
______________ (finish)
Monterrey. I (6).
2. My daughter ( 1).
for months. She (2)______________
college in J une, and since then she
(3) (have) one or two part-time jobs
She (4)__________________ (work) in a cafe for
the last two weeks. She (5)__________________ (want)
to work in publishing. She (6)__________________ (appi)
for hundreds of positions, and she (7)________________
(have) a few interviews, but no job offers yet.
3. We (1)_________________ (live) in our new house for
several months. Since we (2)__________________ (move)
in, we (3)__________________ (be) very busy. Everyone
(4) (help) to get the house ready. So
far we (5). (decorate) the living room
and the kitchen. Soon after we arrived, the central heatin
(6 ) _________________ (break) down, so we
(7 ) _________________ (have) to spend a lot of
money to repair it. We (8)__________________ (like)
gardening very much, but we (9)__________________ (nc
have) time to do anything to the yard yet. And it
(10)__________________ (rain) very heavily recently, so
well just wait till the weather gets better.
Reading
10 The girl who reads aloud
The Girl Who
Reads Aloud
by JIM YARDLEY
BEIJ ING - Most mornings, while a noisy line of
traffic is driving slowly along the Third Ring Road
into the city center, a girl named Ouyang J unying
leaves her apartment and stands beside the road.
She turns away from the traffic, opens a book, and
starts reading aloud.
It is one of the worst traffic jams in the city, but
Ms. Ouyang, 29, has been doing this every
morning for nearly five years. She is studying
English and believes that the noise helps her to
concentrate.
It is also the reason why she has become a
sort of celebrity. For thousands of motorists,
she is The Girl Who Reads Aloud. While she
is reading, the rest of Beijing stares at her and
wonders, Who is this young woman? How long
has she been standing there? And why is she
reading in such a terrible place?
In Beijing, there are 15 million people living
in small apartments, so there are lots of people
in the city parks, doing everything from tai chi
to ballroom dancing. But Ms. Ouyang doesnt
like the parks. If I study in a park, people always
watch me and I dont feel comfortable. But if cars
pass me in the street, I dont care, she says.
Ms. Ouyang, the daughter of a poor farmer,
came to Beijing in 1995 to look for work. She has
had a number of different jobs. She has also been
studying English for nearly ten years, because she
hopes that it will get her a better job with better
money. Recently she was on local TV! She has
become famous as a person who always works
hard and tries her best.
Since the TV program, she has had a new job.
She has been helping an architect in his work. And
what has she been doing? Teaching him English,
of course!
1 Read the newspaper article and answer the questions.
1. Which road does Ouyang junying live near?
2. What has she been doing every morning for the last five years?
3. Why has she been doing this?
4. What name has she been given by the motorists?
5. How long has she been living in Beijing?
6. Why has she been studying English for so many years?
7. What has happened since the TV program?
8. How has she been helping the architect?
Find words in the text that mean:
1. a lot of cars moving very slowly
2. to think carefully about what you are doing
3. a famous person
4. looks for a long time
Unit 12 Trying your best 6/
Vocabulary
11 Hot verbs - go and come
Vocabulary spot
1 We use go + -ing to talk
about sports and leisure
activities.
We go skiing every winter.
Let's go shopping.
2 We use go fora + noun to
refer to a specific occasion.
Im going for a walk. Do
you want to come?
Lefsgoforadrive.
3 Go expresses a movement
away from the speaker.
Go away! Leave me alone.
Come expresses a
movement towards the
speaker.
Come over to my house for
a barbecue.
Complete the sentences with words from the box. Put go or come in the
correct form.
come over go out come back go skiing go home
come home go to come here go for go with come on
1. (At work) I dont feel well. I ____________ , if thats OK.
2. (At home) I didnt feel well at work today, so I ____________ early.
3. The water in the pool looks fantastic! I ve just got to____________ a swim.
4. A You havent seen my new place. Why dont you____________ and see it tonigl
B I d love to, but I ____________ the movies with Dave.
5. I dont feel like cooking tonight. Would you like____________ to eat?
6. I ____________ in Vancouver next week. Can you lend me a jacket?
7. I ve got a secret for you ! and I ll tell you!
8. I hate you! Go away and dont ever____________
9. I m going to Rio for the weekend. Would you like____________ me?
10. I ts 8:00!___________ !Get out of bed. Y oull be late for school.
Pronunciation
12 Vowel sounds and spelling
i (SUED Look at the chart. These are the main English vowel sounds. Can you recognize the phonetic symbols?
Look at the phonetic symbols on page 84. Try to say the vowel sounds.
Short vowel sounds
/e/ ll lui Ia I h i
Long vowel sounds
i n l al loi l ui
2 g i b Put these words into the correct place in the chart. Practice saying the words.
can could must said three live soon about saw want
3 G J E D Look at the words in phonetics. Write the words. Practice saying them.
1. /gud/ 4. l tl
2. /sni/ 5. I M I
3. /sam/ 6. /0 ri:/
7. /for:/
8. /nu:/
9. /mi:n/
Check it
1. How long you have been studying English? 6.
2. Shes living in Seoul for two years. 7.
3. Have you known Bob since a long time? 8.
4. She been working very hard lately. 9.
5. Ive started studying Thai three years ago. 10.
14 Listening
Patrick McCreary goes to college
i GH E 9 Patrick McCreary is 73 years old and a student
at Wilson University in Boston. Another student,
Millie, is interviewing him for the university magazine.
Listen and underline the correct answer.
1. Patrick is studying_____
a. world history b. American history
c. electrical engineering
2. Patrick didnt go to college when he was younger
because_____
a. he was running his own business
b. he didnt enjoy studying
c. he had to take care of his son
3. He had an electrical appliance store for_____
a. over 35 years b. almost 35 years
c. exactly 35 years
4. He and his son Sean sold electrical appliances_____
a. all over the city b. all over the world
c. only in the store
5. Millies mother_____
a. has been having problems with her washing
machine
b. has been using the same washing machine for
ten years
c. needs a new washing machine
6. Patricks been studying_____
a. for two years b. for almost two years
c. since he sold the store
7. When he finishes college, hed like to_____
a. write a book about American history
b. teach American history
c. go back to the store
Did you finish your homework yet?
Hes Brazilian. Hes coming from Rio.
Can you bring this glass of water to that man over there?
I told him to go back to home immediately.
Weve just brought a new washing machine.
2 G3ED Listen again and complete the sentences with
the exact words from the interview.
1. Were all__________to know why youre
interested__________studying.
2. Ive wanted to study__________years ... but... I
just didnt have the__________
3. We__________ people their new fridges and
__________back the old ones.
4. I love ... getting to__________ all the
young people.
5. Ive heard that youre also__________ for jobs.
6. __________Ive been___________about what I
could do when I finish.
7. I would love to__________ the opportunity to pass
on my__________ for American history.
8. I was__________ if I could__________ a photo
of you.
Unit 12 Trying your best 69
x
Review
Question forms
1 Word order
Put the words in the right order to ask a question, and
write true answers.
1. from / you / where / are / ?
Where are you from?_______ Im from Vietnam._________
2. it / now / raining / right / is / ?
3. Thai / ever / you / food / eaten / have / ?
4. are / going / do / you / this / to / what / weekend / ?
5. time / up / get / usually / do / what / you / ?
6. many / you / can / how / languages / speak / ?
7. start / English / when / you / studying / did / ?
2 Short answers
Complete the questions in A. Then match a question in
A and an answer in B.
A B
Does hp romp from Mpxirn? ^
Yes, you are.
Yes, he is.
No, we arent.
Yes, we did.
No, you dont.
No, she doesnt.
-Yes, he does.
hp rominp this pvpninp? |
1latp? /
wp pninp by rar? /
shp work in a bank?
1nppH a passport? \
wp spp him ypstprrlay? ^
In each of the following questions there is one mistake.
Find it and correct it.
1. What you do? What do you doP_______________
2. Does he got an iPod?
?
3. Have you ever ride a motorcycle?
?
4. What you are doing tonight?
?
5. Where you went last night?
?
6. Y our friends they like traveling?
?
7. Do you can speak English?
?
8. What are you go to do tomorrow?
?
o
Present Simple
1 Making questions
Write questions and answers.
1. he/get up (6:00)
What time does he get up?_________________________
He gets up at 6:00._______________________________
2. she/do (architect)
?
3. they/live (Seoul)
?
4. Mark/study (J apanese)
?
70 Review
r
5. bank/open (9:00) P ^S t S i m p l e
1 Describing a vacation
6. her parents/come from (Canada)
7. she/speak (Russian and Chinese)
Put the verb in parentheses in the Past Simple.
2 Making negatives
Make the following sentences negative. Then give the
right information.
1. Lions live in North America.
Lions dont live in North America. They live in Africa.
2. A race car goes slowly.
3. Birds build nests underground.
4. Sushi comes from Brazil.
5. The temperature rises at night.
6. Veterinarians help sick people.
7. Brazilians speak Spanish.
3 Present Simple or Continuous?
Underline the correct verb form in the
following sentences.
1. He speaks/ s speaking English and Spanish.
2. I dont understand I m not understanding.
3. Hurry up! I w a i t/ m waiting.
4. What sports do you like/are you likingl
5. We come/re comingto see you this weekend.
6. What do you do/are you doingV
I write I m writing a postcard.
7. Do you drive/Are you driving on the left in the U.S.?
8. Do you enjoy/Are you enjoying the movie?
Yes, I do/am.
9. Does she need/Is she needing any help?
No, she doesnt / i s n t.
David Where (1) did you go (go) for your last
vacation, Sara?
Sara I (2)________(go) bicycling in Canada with two
friends.
David Oh yes? How (3)________ (get) there?
Sara We (4)_________(catch) the ferry from Seattle to
Vancouver.
David (5)________ (stay) in hotels?
Sara Only twice, when the weather (6)_________(not
be) very good. The rest of the time we (7)____ ___
(camp), so we (8)________ (not spend) much money.
David (9)_______ (rain) much?
Sara No, the sun (10)________ (shine) most days.
David (11)________ (have) any problems?
Sara Well, 1(12)________ (fall) off my bike once, and
we (13)________ (forget) to take instant coffee, but we
(14) (not have) any mechanical problems!
David What (15)_________(do) in the evenings?
Sara We (16)________ (find) a campsite, and then we
(17 ) ________(go) shopping in the nearest town,
(18 ) ________(cook) a big dinner, and (19)_________
(eat) lots of food. I t (20) (be) great!
David When (21)_________(get back)?
Sara I (22)________ (fly) home last Sunday, but my
friends (23)_________(come) back three days later.
They (24)_________(not want) to leave Canada!
\
Review
2 Short answers
Answer the following questions about Saras holiday.
Use short answers.
1. Did she go to Canada?
Yes. she did_____________________________________
2. Did they camp every night?
3. Did Sara have an accident?
4. Did they all come home at the same time?
5. Was it expensive to camp?
6. Was the weather good most of the time?
2 What were you doing?
Answer the following questions about you!
What were you doing at...
1. 6:00 yesterday morning?
2. 8 :0 0 a .m . yest er day?
3. 10:00 p .m . last Sunday?
4. noon yesterday?
5. 5:30 p .m . the day before yesterday?
6. 2:30 y e s t e r d a y a f t e r n o o n ?
Past Continuous
1 Forming the Past Continuous
What were these people doing at 6:00 last night?
Make sentences in the Past Continuous.
1. J oon / not listen to the radio / watch television
Jooh wasnt listening to the radio._______________
He was watching television.____________________
2. Maria / not work / drive home
3. We / n o t s w i m / si t i n a t r a f f i c j a m
4. Matthew and Peter / not run / play tennis
5. I / not watch a movie / take a bath
6. J ustin / not read / cook dinner
3 Past Simple or Continuous?
Put the verb in parentheses in the Past Simple or the
Past Continuous.
Last week 1(1) decided (decide) to invite some friends
over for dinner. I (2)____________ (buy) lots of
delicious food, including some good sushi. At about
6:00 I (3)_____________(cook) in the kitchen. The sun
(4) (shine), and it (5)_____________(be)
a beautiful evening, so I (6)_____________(open) the
back door. Then the telephone (7)_____________(ring).
I (8)____________ (go) to answer it, and when
I (9)____________ (come) back, the sushi
(10 ) ____________ (not be) on the table. I
(11 ) ____________ (look) out of the window. A cat
(12 ) ____________ (sit) on the wall outside, and it
(13 ) ____________ (eat) my sushi. What
(14 ) ___________ (can) I do? I (15)______________(fill)
a pan with water and (16)_____________(go) quietly
outside. The cat (17)____________ (not look) in my
direction, and it (18)____________ (enjoy) the sushi so
much that it (19)_____________(not hear) me. I
(20 ) ____________ (walk) slowly up to itI
(21 ) ____________ (want) to empty the water over its
head. A bit cruel, I know, but the sushi (22)__________
(be) very expensive! But at the last moment the cat
(23)____________ (hear) me, (24)_____________
(jump) over the wall, and (25)_____________(escape).
The happiest cat in the neighborhood!
72 Review
Verb patterns
would you like or do you like?
Complete the following questions using would you like
or do you like.
1. What.
2. ______
3. _____
4. _____
5. _____
. to drink?
6. What drinks.
. to go to the movies?
. going to the movies?
. walking?
. to go for a walk?
?
2 Match the questions in Exercise 1and the answers a-f.
a. 1 A bottle of water, please.
b____ Usually, but I hate horror movies.
c. ___ Yes, especially in the mountains.
d____ Yes. The weather is beautiful.
e. ___ I t depends whats playing.
f. ___ Water or juice.
2 Infinitive or -ingl
Put the verb in parentheses in the right form, infinitive
or -ing. Sometimes both are possible.
1. I want t S&N (sell) my car.
2. I m thinking of _____________(buy) a car.
(be) here by 7:00. 3. She hopes________
4. I love____________ (watch) black and white movies.
5. I d like____________ (continue)_____________
(study), but I dont have enough money.
6. Would you like_____________(work) in a hospital?
7. He started_____________(play) golf last year.
will and going to
Choosing the correct form
Underline the correct verb form in the following
sentences.
1. I m cold.
I ll turn / I m going to turn the heat on.
2. Can I speak to Marco?
Hold on, I ll g e t / I m going to get him.
3. Coffee or tea?
I ll have / I m going to have tea, please.
4. Does Hugh have any plans for the weekend?
Yes, hell visit / hes going to visit his grandparents.
5. Cathys on the phone for you.
Can she call back? I ll t a k e / I m going to take a bath.
6. 77/ g o / I m going to go to the supermarket.
Oh, will you /are youl I think I ll come / I m going to
come with you.
7. Did you get my e-mail?
No, I didnt.
OK, I ll send/ Im going to send it again.
8. Sophie? Will you marry me / Are you going to
marry me?
Oh, J ames! Yes, of course I will / I m going to.
Review 73
Present Perfect
Have you ever done these things? Put a check ( / ) or a
cross (X) next to each one. Then write sentences.
\Z\ written a letter to a newspaper
skied in the Andes
met a famous person
visited China
won a prize
sung in public
read Shakespeare in English
1. I ve never written a letter to a newspaper._____________
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
2 Making questions
Put the words in the right order to ask a question, and
write true answers.
1. ever / you / to / Australia / been / have / ?
Have you ever been to Australia?_____________________
Yes, I have._______________________________________
2. haircut / you / have / a / had / recently / ?
3. year / have / movies / this / you / seen / what / ?
4. ever / plane / a / you / missed / have / ?
5. restaurant / eaten / a / you / have / in / week / this / ?
6. any / you / have / DVDs / bought / month / this / ?
3 Present Perfect or Past Simple?
Put the verb in parentheses in the Present Perfect or the
Past Simple.
Interviewer Today I m talking to Tony Crooks, the
movie director. Tell me, Tony, how long
(1) have you been (be) a director?
Tony Well, I (2)_______________ (study)
moviemaking in college in the 1980s, and I
(3) (work) as a director for over
20 years now.
Interviewer What (4)______
movie you (5)___________
(be) the first
(make)?
Tony A Prisoners Life in 1988, but I (6).
(lose) the only copy a year later, so nobody
(7) (see) it since then! My first
successful film (8)_______________ (be) Always,
which (9). (come out) in 1992.
Interviewer And how many countries
(10)______________ (visit)? (11)___
(make) movies outside the U.S.?
Tony I (12)_______________ (not work) in many
countriesonly the U.S., Canada, and Italy.
Last month I (13)_______________ (fly) to Rome
and (14)_______________ (spend) two weeks
filming there.
Interviewer When (15)________
Tony I n 2004.1(16)___________
_ (go) to Canada?
(want) to make
a TV documentary called North and South, about
the differences between the U.S. and Canada, so I
(17)_______________ (drive) up there.
Interviewer What are the best things about your job?
Tony The travel and the people. I
(18 ) ______________ (travel) all over the world,
going to film festivals and so on. And I
(19) ______________(meet) some great people.
Interviewer (20)______________ (start) any new
projects recently?
Tony Yes, last week I (21)___________ (sign) a
contract for a new film set in China.
Interviewer Well, thank you, Tonyit
(22)_______________ (be) very interesting talking
to you.
Review
\
have to and should
Complete the following sentences using have to, has to,
dont have to, doesnt have to, should, or shouldnt.
1. I m tired. Y ou should gGto bed.
2. I havent done my homework.
Dont worry. Y ou___________ do it today.
3. What time do we___________ be at the airport?
12:30I think we___________ call a taxi now.
4. J ane___________ work on Saturdays.
Thats terrible. She___________ get a new job.
5. Luke. . wear a school uniform.
Lucky him! All his brothers and sisters _
Does he___________ go on a diet?
No, he_______________ , but I think he.
2 Whats the problem?
Look at the advice. What problems do the people have?
1. I have a headache Y ou should take an aspirin.
2.
Y ou should study harder.
3.
You should take it back to the store.
4.
Y ou should keep it in a safe place.
5.
Y ou should call the police.
will and First Conditional
I n the following pairs of sentences, put a check ( / ) next
to a correct answer or a cross (X) next to a wrong answer.
1. I f its sunny tomorrow, well play tennis.
I f it will be sunny tomorrow, we play tennis.
2. I want to see her before shell go.
I want to see her before she goes.
3. A Do we have any milk?
B No, I buy some.
B No, I ll buy some.
4. Will you see Robert tomorrow?
Do you see Robert tomorrow? I
5. I ll wait here until youll call.
I ll wait here until you call.
2 What will happen?
Match a line in A with a line in B. Then make sentences
using the First Conditional.
A B
you/give me some money
she/study more V'
there/be an election
it/stop raining
the phone/ring
you/cook
the weather/get worse
the river/not flood
- I/do the shopping
I/do the dishes
we/not go for a walk
the other party/win
she/not fail her classes
1/answer it
1. If you give me some money. I ll do the shopping.
2. ______________________________________________
3. __________________________________________
4. __________________________________________
5. __________________________________________
6. ________________________________________________
7.
The passive
1 Forming the passive
Write the sentences using the correct form of the
passive.
*
1. last year / 200 houses / build
Last year 200 houses were built.________________
2. this week / 4,000 books / sell
3. the mail / deliver / 8:00 every morning
4. Hyundai cars / not make / Sweden
5. four people / arrest / during yesterdays soccer game
6. The White House / closed to the public / 2001
7. the new bridge / not build / next year
Review
2 Active or passive?
Put the verbs in parentheses in the correct tense:
Past Simple, Present Perfect, or Present Simple, active
or passive.
Mount Everest and K2 (1) are believed (believe) to be
the two tallest mountains in the world, but they
(2 ) ______________ (be) very different. Everest
(3 ) ______________ (climb) for the first time in 1953,
and since then thousands of people
(4 ) ______________ (stand) on the summit. You
(5 ) ______________ (not need) to be a professional
climberevery year many people (6)______________
Second Conditional
(take) to the top by guides. But in recent years this
popularity (7)______________ (begin) to cause
problems. Since 1953 thousands of tons of garbage
(8)______________ (left) at the foot of the mountain,
and a lot of people (9)______________ (think) that
the Everest experience (10)_______________ (ruin) by
the number of visitors.
K2, deep in the Himalayas, (11)______________
(not measure) until 1859, seven years after Everest. It
(12)_______________ (say) to be the most dangerous
mountain in the world, and it (13)______________
(not climb) as often as Everest has. Every year small
numbers of mountaineers (14)______________ (try)
to reach the top, but not many (15)______________
(succeed)some of the worst Himalayan accidents in
the last 20 years (16)_______________ (happen) on
the mountain, and many lives (17)______________
(lose). Tourist expeditions (18)_______________ (start)
going to Everest in the 1980s, and the number of
visitors (19)______________ (rise) since then, but they
(20)-----------------------
(not go) to K2.
1 What would they do?
Match a line in A with a line in B. Then make sentences
using the Second Conditional.
A B
you / start exercising-
he / study harder
1/ be president
1/ win the lottery
she / have a car
1/ buy an alarm clock
she / speak / three languages
be / an interpreter
not need to take the bus
-feel so tired
get better grades
abolish the income tax
not be late for work
buy a Ferrari
1 If you started exercising, you wouldnt feel so tired.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Correcting mistakes
I n each of the following sentences there is one mistake.
Find it and correct it.
1. I d lend you the money if Id have it.
Id lend you the money if I had it.______________________
2. I f I have more money, I d go on vacation.
3. We could play soccer if the weather would be nice.
4. Ill help you in the yard if my back didnt hurt.
5. I f I were from the U.S., I didnt have to study English!
Review
Present Perfect Simple and
Continuous
1 Present Perfect Simple
Complete the following sentences with suitable words.
1. I ve never been to Taipei.
2. You have a tan. Have you________ on vacation?
Yes, weve_________ gotten back.
3. ________you heard? J anes_________ a baby!
Really?__________ she gotten out of the hospital?
No, not__________
4. I ve_________ all my New Years cards.
What,_________?But its only October!
5. ________you arranged your vacation?
I _________bought the tickets, but I ________
gotten the insurance_________
6. I _______ worked here_________two years.
And how l ong________ you lived in Toronto?
________ 1992.
7. ________ anybody seen my glasses? Ive
_________ them.
No, we_________
2 What have you been doing?
Answer the questions. Put the verbs in the box in the
Present Perfect Continuous.
plan my vacation sit in the sun
try them on decorate the bathroom
clean repair the car
1. Why are your hands dirty?
Ive been repairinq the car
5)
2. The kitchen looks better.
3. Why is his face red?

4. What are these brochures for?

5. Why are their clothes covered in paint?
a
6. Why are all her winter clothes out?

3 Present Perfect Simple or Continuous?
I n the following pairs of sentences, one verb form is
right and one is wrong. Put a check ( / ) or a cross (X)
next to each one.
1. [ j How long have you been writing that letter?
I !How long have you written that letter?
2. i | I m exhausted! I ve played tennis for hours.
I 1I m exhausted! I ve been playing tennis for hours.
3 j ] Have you ever flown to Asia?
I !Have you ever been flying to Asia?
4. Oh no! I ve lost my car keys.
i I Oh no! I ve been losing my car keys.
5. I Has the movie been starting?
[ I Has the movie started?
6. O How long has she been having her car?
How long has she had her car?
7. | I ve been breaking my leg.
I ve broken my leg.
Review
Audi o Scri pt s
U N I T I
0 D Life in a new city
K = Kathy H = Heather
K Hello?
H Hey, Kathy, its Heather! Hows life in the
big city?
K Heather! I ts so good to hear from you.
Things here in New Y ork are ... good. I
guess.
H What do you mean, you guess?
K Well, you know its been about three
months since I moved here from
California. And I m finding it really
difficult to meet people and make friends
here.
H Oh, I see.
K I mean, my coworkers at the high school
are really niceI started teaching science
there about six weeks ago, I think. But I
dont spend any time with them outside
of work.
H Hmm, thats too bad. Maybe you should
find a hobby or something. Thats always
a good way to meet people. Are you still
doing karate?
K Yes, once a week. And I m going jogging
three times a week. And I still like to
go to the country and go hiking on the
weekends. So far I havent made any
friends that way, though. I m thinking of
taking a dance class. What do you think
of that?
H Thats a great idea, Kathy! Who knows,
maybe youll even find a rich, handsome
boyfriend there!
K Oh, Heather ...
H Why not? Y oure smart, youre funny,
and everyone at home loved your long
red hair and green eyes. Am I right?
K Well, I dont know. But it would be nice
to meet somebody whos nice. And who
has a good sense of humor. Oh, and tall,
with dark hair, between the ages of 26
and 34, with a good job ...
H I know what you mean!
U N I T 2
G I B A life in Australia
N = Nikki J = Jo
J Hello?
78 Audio Scripts
N Hi, J o. I ts Nikki calling all the way from
Australia. Hows everything in Seattle?
J Nikki! I ts so good to hear from you. Were
fine. How are things down under? How
are the kids? What time is it over there?
N I ts nine oclock in the morning, and
the kids are swimming in the pool. I ts
another really hot day!
J I dont believe it. I ts two oclock in the
afternoon here and windy and freezing
cold, and, of course, its raining and
raining. The kids soccer game was today,
but they cant play in the rain, so theyre
just playing at home.
N Oh, yeah. That Seattle weather. Thats
one thing I dont miss. We have sun
every day, and it doesnt rain very often.
I never cook in the kitchen. We usually
have barbecues in the backyard and relax
at night under the stars.
J I t sounds like you have a wonderful life.
We usually relax in front of the TVnot
many warm starry nights here. And
Nikki, hows work? Are you working
these days?
N Well, I m working part-time at the kids
school. I go in three mornings a week and
run a few art classes and then help clean
up the mess. Y ou can imagine the mess
with a class of 6- and 7-year-olds! I dont
make much money, just a few dollars,
but I like working only part-time and, of
course, I get the school vacations with the
kids.
J And what about Dave? He has a new job,
doesnt he?
N Yes, and its going well. Y ou know
hes the manager of a large computer
company now. Hes enjoying itand
hes really well-paidbut its hard work.
He works late every night and sometimes
on weekends. Hes totally exhausted
when he gets home. I ts too bad cause we
have lots of friends here, and hes usually
too tired to go out. What about you?
Hows your work? Are you still teaching
at City College?
J Oh yes. I m still there for now but I m
looking for another job. Hey, Nikki, I m
really sorry, but I have to goI still need
to make lunch for the kids. I ts been
great talking to you. I ll call you back
tomorrow and then well talk more.
N Great. I ll talk to you then. Bye for now!
J Bye, and tell Dave and the kids I said hi.
U N I T 3
GI EO Someone stole my bag!
P = Policeman M = Maria
P Good morning, maam. Can I help you?
M Oh, yes. Hello officer. Oh, its terrible!
P Now try and calm down and then you
can tell me what happened.
M OK. I ll try. Well, I was walking along
Main Street and, uh, I was hot, so I took
off my jacket and, uh, I was carrying it
in my right hand, I think, no, it was my
left hand. Yes, my left hand. And then
suddenly my cell phone rang. I heard
it ring, but I couldnt find it in my bag
and ....
P Now hold on a minute. First tell me your
name and address.
M Oh, sorry. I ts Maria, Maria Clements,
and I live at 23 Pine Street.
P Thank you, Maria. Now, you were
carrying your jacket, and you were
looking for your phone in your bag,
right?
M Yes. Oh, and its a new phone. I only got it
two days ago.
P Could you please tell me what happened?
M Of course, sorry. Um, I couldnt find my
phone, so I stopped walking and put my
bag on a bench to look more carefully.
P Were you holding your bag?
M No, I wasnt, cause my jacket was in
my other hand, and my cell phone, it
was ... it was still ringing, um, and then
suddenly there was this man who was
walking towards me. As he walked by, he
picked up my bag and ... oh it was awful!
.He just ran off. He took my bag, my cell
phone ... it was still ringing ... he took
everything. I t all happened so quickly.
P I know, these things are very upsetting.
Did you see the man? What did he look
like?
M Well, unfortunately, I didnt get a good
look because I was looking in my bag at
the time. But I think he was pretty young,
about 18 or 20, and he had long brown
hair.
P Did you see what he was wearing?
M Mmm. I think he was wearing jeans and a
T-shirt, a blue T-shirt, I think.
P What time did the incident occur?
M Oh! I t happened 20 minutes ago, at one
oclock.
P Could you describe your bag, please, and
tell me whats in it?
M I ts pretty big, uh, not very big, its pink
and black with lots of pocketsthats
why I couldnt find my phone, too many
pockets. My wallet was in the bagits
blue, and there was $20 in it, also my
drivers licence and a photo of my
husband. Oh dear, and my house keys,
they were in the bag too!
P Well, Maria, you are a very lucky woman.
Fortunately, someone handed in a
handbag fitting that description just ten
minutes ago. The thief obviously dropped
it. Y ou should be more careful in the
future and always hold on to your bag.
M Oh, thank you officer. What a relief!
U N I T 4
G 3E 3 At the back of the classroom
B = Billy H = Henry
Mrs. B = Mrs. Blair
B Psst, Henry! Would you like some
Halloween candy?
H Yes, please. Can I have two pieces?
Mmm, its yummy.
B Shh! Not so loud! Mrs. Blair will hear us.
H Sorry. Hey, wow! Thats a lot of candy
you have. How many pieces did you get?
I didnt get that many!
B Oh, I got lots and lots, maybe 50 or 60!
H Y ou did not!
B OK, OK. I m only joking. I got 20,
actuallybut see J ack Blakely over there?
Do you know how many he got?
H No, how many?
B He got a hundred! His parents helped him.
He always gets so much of everything.
H J ack Blakelys spoiled! He gets everything
he wants all of the time. Holidays, his
birthday, every day.
B Hey, isnt it your birthday soon? I ts the
week before mine, right? What do you
want for your birthday, Henry? I want
some money or something really big like
a new bike. Oh, and some clothes, yeah.
Id love a new pair of jeans.
H Clothes? No way. I dont want any
clothes. I want something for my new
video game system. Theres a new game
called Robot I nvasion 2. No one has it
here. Y ou can only get it in J apan. I ts
very expensive, but my uncle J ustin is
working in Tokyo, and he makes a lot of
money, so hes going to get it for me.
B Wow! I dont know anyone who lives in
J apan. My uncle lives in California, and
he doesnt make much money. He just
sends me a few dollars for my birthday if
he can.
H Well, my
Mrs. B Henry and Billy! Be quiet and finish
your work.
H and B Sorry, Mrs. Blair.
Mrs. B Now, for homework tonight, I d like
everyone to finish Exercise 3 and then do
Exercises 4 and 5.
H So much homework! I ts not fair!
Mrs. B Shh, Henry, or I ll give you another
exercise.
H But
Mrs.B Henry!
U N I T 5
G3E23 Summer vacations
R = Robert S = Serena
R At last, Friday! I am really looking
forward to the weekend. I m absolutely
exhausted.
S Me too, and I m really excited today
you know I m going on vacation
tomorrow. Two weeks away from the
office!
R Oh yeah. I forgot. Lucky you! Where are
you going this year?
S Well, we usually go to Mexico, but we
wanted to go somewhere different this
year, so we decided to go to France. Were
staying at a friends house.
R Wow! Thats fantastic. I love France. I d
love to quit this job and go to live there
for a few years.
S Really! What would you do? Would you
take the family?
R Oh yes. I ts my dream. I d like to buy an
old farm and grow fruit and vegetables.
The kids would love it. I d have to
improve my French, of course. I can
speak it a little now, but I d like to be
much more fluent. I m going to take x
classes again next year.
S Good for you! I started to learn Spanish
once, but I gave up. So, are you going on
vacation to France this summer, then? To
start looking for that farm?
R Oh no, thats a dream for the future.
Were staying at home this year. Y ou see,
were trying to save money for a new car,
and we want to renovate the house. Well
probably go away for a long weekend to
Canada at the end of the summer, and
I m hoping to go on a few day trips to the
beach with the kids.
S Well, one reason were going to France
is for the kids. Susie needs to practice
her French, you know. Shes majoring in
French now.
R Wow, is she in college already? I tll be so
good for her French. And youll have to
learn some French too, right? Would you
like to borrow a French phrasebook? I
have an excellent one at home with lots
of useful expressions.
S That would be great. I forgot to buy one.
I ll come and get it this evening if thats
OK?
R Of course. Anyway, back to work. Only
two more hours.
S OK. See you tonight, then.
U N I T 6
l i i l E Q The richest man in town
R = Reporter D = Danny
R Well, Danny, I m sure you are the
happiest, luckiest, and richest man in
Watford today. What does it feel like to
win $10 million?
D It feels fantastic. I still cant quite believe
it! I ts going to make a big difference to
my life. I mean, I m not a poor manwe
plumbers make good money, but I never
thought I would be as rich as this. I ts just
amazing!
R So, what is the first thing you are going to
buy? A new car? A big house?
D Hmmm. I think it will have to be a
new car. Not the most expensive,
not as expensive as a Ferrari or a
LamborghiniI think maybe a Porsche,
theyre a little cheaper. I ve always
dreamed of owning a silver Porsche, and
itll be faster than my ten-year-old van,
thats for sure.
R Sounds good to me, Danny. And whats it
like being famous? Everyone in Watford
knows youre the richest man in town.
' D I m suddenly the most popular, too.
R Oh yes. I m sure lots of women will want
to meet you. Suddenly youll be the most
handsome man in town!
D Well, I was before I won all this money.
No. Only joking. I m afraid money cant
change the fact that I m still an ugly old
guy with no hair!
R Havent you heard of plastic surgery,
Danny? Y ou can be as good looking as
Brad Pitt or Tom Cruise, and you could
also look ten years younger.
D Tom Cruise? Me! Y oure joking now.
No way. No plastic surgery for me. I m
wealthy and I m healthy, and thats good
enough for me. But I could lose a few
poundsI m not as thin as Id like to be.
Too much pizza!
R Well, you can go to the most expensive
restaurants now and stay in the best
hotels.
D Expensive restaurants? I dont think so.
I dont like them very much. I like my
pizza, and I like my French fries, but I am
going to stay in the best hotels. I m taking
my mom and dad for the vacation of a
lifetime. Were going to Hawaii.
Audio Scripts 79
R Wonderful! Well, Danny, its been very
interesting talking to you, and I m sure
you are going to enjoy spending all that
money.
D Oh yes. Now, could you tell me where the
nearest Porsche dealership is?
U N I T 7
G 3E 9 Welcome to the Peter Petersen
Show!
P = Peter Petersen D = Damien Decker
P Good evening, ladies and gentlemen and
welcome to the Peter Peterson Show. Our
special guest this evening is Damien
Decker, the star of Hollywoods latest
blockbuster War Without Guns.
Hi, Damien. So glad you could be with
us tonight. I m sure youre delighted with
the success of War Without Guns. Y ouve
become a famous actor overnight! How
do you feel about your success?
D Yeah, I cant really believe it. I ts all
happened so quickly. I mean, six months
ago, I was a waiter at Hamburger Heaven,
and now I m a Hollywood star. Man! I ts
unbelievable.
P Have you always wanted to be an actor,
Damien?
D Well, I m 28 now, but I ve wanted to be an
actor for years, uh, since I was about 8. My
mum took me to see Tom Cruise in Top
Gun. I loved that movie, and from then
on I dreamed about becoming a famous
actor. So its taken 20 years to get a big
part. I ve been really unlucky up until
now. I got close a couple of times, but
then it always went to another successful
actor like Orlando Bloom or Brad Pitt.
P I heard the part you play in War Without
Guns was offered first to Ben Storm. Hes
been in so many successful Hollywood
movies.
D Yeah. Thats right. Hey, youve done your
homework, havent you Peter? Yeah, I was
the second choice. I mean, Bens a great
actor, but he was really busy at the time,
and he just didnt want to do this movie.
P So your dream has come true at last. You
landed the role of Mark Matthews, a
successful war photographer, whos
followed wars all over the world.
D Yeah. Hes a brave guy and also a nice guy
who adores his wifeuh, shes an
important politicianand is a great dad
to his young son, but then he meets this
beautiful
P Hey, dont tell us the whole,storyyou
want people to go and see it!
D Yeah, sureanyway it was a fantastic part
to play, and Christina Diaz is terrific as
the young girl.
P She certainly is. I ts only been out a few
days, and its already been an incredible
success. I loved the ending, I just didnt
expect Mark to
D Hey, thats enough now, Peter. A lot of
people havent seen it yet, and youre
telling them the ending.
P Sorry. Well, everyone, you must go and
see War Without Gunsits one of the
best movies I ve seen in years. Thank
you, Damien. I ts been great to meet you.
I m sure well see lots more of you in the
future. Whats your next movie?
D Well, I havent heard anything definite
yet, but maybe the next J ames Bond!
U N I T 8
0 3 1 9 Youll have a great time!
J = Justin S = Sam
J So, when are you off to New Y ork, Sam?
Next week, isnt it?
S Yeah. I have to start work a week from
Monday, so I m flying out next Thursday,
but I dont have everything ready yet.
J Well, good luck. I m sure youll love it
there. I know I do.
S Yeah, youre from New York, arent you? Do
you have any advice?
J Yeah. Sure. Well, youll be there from
October to March, so i ts going to be
pretty cold. Y ou should take some warm
clothes. And you know you have to have
a work permit. Theyre very strict.
S Oh, I think thats all arranged. The
universitys arranged all my documents,
but maybe I should check just in case.
J Sam! Y ou should! Y ou have to have all
the right documents or they wont let you
in the country. Has the university found
housing for you?
S Oh yes. I ve seen photos. A tiny
apartment in Greenwich Village. Thats a
good location, isnt it?
J Oh yes, the Village is great. Fantastic
restaurants. Theres the most amazing
pizzeria there. Best pizza in New York.
I ts called Giuseppes Pizza Parlor, you
must go there.
S Excellent. And any other places I should
visit? I want to have a real New York
experience.
J Well then, you must visit all the main
tourist attractions: the Empire State
Building, the Statue of Liberty, Central
Parktheyre all musts. One of my
favorite places is Grand Central Station.
I ts amazing. Y ou should go and have
oysters at The Oyster Bar there.
S Mmmm. Sounds greatand I dont even
like oysters. I know I must be careful not
to eat too much over there. They have
huge portions in the U.S., dont they?
And I have to watch my weight!
J Yes. I ts really easy to put on weight in
New Y ork. Y ou should eat plenty of salad
and fish and youll be fine. But i ts only
for six months, just enjoy it!
S Yeah, youre right. I ll go on a diet when I
get back home. I dont want to miss out
on Giuseppes famous pizza!
U N I T 9
O E 9 Whats in the future?
M = Maria S = Susan
M Susan! Hi! Come in! Do you want
something to drink? Coffee, tea?
S Hi, Maria. Thanks. Maybe some coffee, if
it isnt too much trouble. With milk and
sugar.
M No problem. J ust have a seat and make
yourself at home.
S Thanks, Maria. I ts good to see you. I ve
been having a terrible few weeks.
M Really? Thats awful! Hmm, its true. You
dont look very happy.
S No, I m not very happy. I dont know
what I m going to do. Y ou see, people
at work are saying that our company
is in trouble and were all going to lose
our jobs! And if I lose my job, Ill lose
everythingmy house, my car, and I
wont even be able to go on vacation. My
life will be over!
M Oh, Susan, its not always the end of
the world if you lose your job. I mean,
who knows? Y ou might do something
really cool instead. There are lots of
possibilities.
S Oh, yeah? Like what kinds of
possibilities?
M Well, have you ever thought about
traveling?
S Oh, yes. Y ou know I was going to go
traveling when I finished college. But
then I got this job, and it was such a good
job, I had to take it.
M Too bad youre probably going to lose it
now.
S I know! What will I do? How can I be
happy? I f I dont have a job, I ll have to
sell my house and ...
M Yes, I know, but Susan, youll make
some money when you sell your house.
And maybe, with that money, youll
do something youve always wanted to
do. Like, I dont knowyoull go to
Australia. And youll have a wonderful
time there. Perhaps even fall in love ...
S Really? What makes you so sure?
M I dont know, its just a feeling I have. I
think youll be very happy next year.
S Yeah, you know what? Y ou might be
right! You know I ve always wanted to
Audio Scripts
go to Australia. I can just see myself
thereI ll live in Sydney, in a nice little
apartment on the beach. And I ll find a
good job and meet some really interesting
people and ...
M Of course, then again, you might not lose
your job here.
S Thats true. But if I go to Australia, you
have to come with me!
M OK, its a deal.
U N I T 10
G I E 3 A phone call to a phone company
SI = Salesperson 1 S2 = Salesperson 2
G = Gary Boyd D = David
SI Good morning. Faster Phone, the caring
phone company. Tom speaking. How can
I help you?
G Good morning. I have a problem. You
see, I signed up with you last month and I
was sent a bill today for $200. Now when
I signed up, you said that $50 a month
was the maximum I ...
51 Sorry, I m afraid youve reached the
wrong department, sir. Hold on a
moment, and I ll put you through to
Customer Service.
52 Good morning. Faster Phone, the caring
phone company. Sally speaking. How can
I help you?
G Good morning. I started phone service
with you a month ago. I was advised by
one of your sales assistants to get this new
Faster Phone package. I was told I could
get 500 minutes talk time and 150 text
messages for $50 a month. Now, today, I
received a bill for $200. Could you please
explain why?
S2 Oh! Y ou need to speak to David, and hes
out right now. I dont know when hell
be back. Do you want to leave a message?
He can call you back later.
G I would like to speak to someone now.
Y ou said Faster Phone always takes care
of their customers. Who can I speak to
now?
S2 I m sorry, sir. Last week the Faster Phone
Company was taken over by the Cell
Phone Factory, so there have been some
changes. Thats all the information I can
give you at this time.
G Id like to speak to a manager now, please.
I am not going to pay $200.
S2 I cant transfer you to the manager, but
I can give you her number. I ts (412)
555-7885. Oh, hold on a minute, Davids
back. I m sure hell be able to help you.
I ll put you through to him.
D Good morning. Faster Phone, the caring
phone company, David speaking. Can I
help you?
G I certainly hope so. I was sold a phone
package with your company for $50 a
month, but I was sent a bill for $200.
D I 'm so sorry to hear that, sir. Lets see
what I can do. Now what is your
customer reference number please?
G R73889506.
D Ah yes. Mr. Boyd. I can see whats
happened. Y ou were sold a package
through Faster Phone that was $50 a
month, but since weve been taken over
by the Cell Phone Factory, that has gone
up to $200.
G What!
D I ts OK, sir. Dont worry. By law the
Cell Phone Factory has to give you the
same deal, and your bill will be changed
immediately to $50.
G Thank you. Y ouve been very helpful.
D No problem, Mr. Boyd. I m glad I could
help. Good-bye.
G Good-bye.
U N I T 11
Q 3 Q Its election time
P = Paul Ross J = Jenny Baker
P Good morning and welcome to Wake Up
America. Today my special guest is J enny
Baker, the leader of the Blue Party. Good
morning, J enny, and welcome to the
program.
J Good morning. I ts good to be here.
P Now, J enny. The election is next month,
and your party is making so many
promises about how you would improve
the economy if you were in power. So tell
us, what exactly would you change if you
ran the government?
J Well, as you know, inflation and
unemployment have both gone up and
up with the current administration.
We would bring inflation down
from 10% to 2%, and there wouldnt
be any unemployment. Right now
there are more than 20 million people
without jobs.
P Well, were all very glad to hear you will
bring down inflation. I think we all agree
that it cant continue to go up month
after month.
J Yes. I f it does, thousands of people will
lose their homes. I ts a terrible problem.
This administration has made such a
mess of the economy. My party would
love to have the opportunity to make
the changes this country needs. This
administration has run out of ideas. The
country needs our party, the Blue Party,
to take it successfully into the future.
P So, J enny, if you woke up tomorrow
morning and you were in charge, what
would be the first thing you would do?
J Well, first of all, I d spend $10 billion
on education. Under the present
system, young people have to borrow
huge amounts of money to go to
college if their parents arent really
wealthy. Everyone should have an equal
opportunity in education.
P So, if I had an 18-year-old son, and I
didnt have the money to pay for his
university education, how would your
party help me?
J We would introduce a new system. Y our
son wouldnt have to borrow a penny. All
education would be free. Currently, 60%
of all students leave college with a debt of
$10,000 or more. This is no way to start
your career.
P Well, this sounds wonderful, almost too
good to be true! I m sure every family in
the country would be very pleased. J ust
one final very important point. How
would you pay for all of this? Where
would the money come from? Wouldnt
taxes have to go ...
J No, no, no! There would be no tax
increases. We would ...
P Amazing! Oh, I m afraid weve run out of
time, J enny. Thank you for speaking to us
this morning. I ts been very interesting.
J Thank you for having me. I ts been a
pleasure.
U N I T 12
G 3E 9 Patrick McCreary goes to college
M = Millie P = Patrick
M Hello, Patrick. Thank you for giving me
an interview for the Wilson Student
Gazette. Weve never had a 73-year-old
student at Wilson University before
and were all dying to know why youre
interested in studying at, at ... ?
P I know what youre going to say. Why am
I studying at my age? I ts because I love it!
1really enjoy learning. I ve been interested
in American history all my life, and I ve
wanted to study it more for years. But I
was running my own business until a few
years ago, and I just didnt have the time.
M What was your business, Patrick?
P I had an electrical appliance store.
M And did you have it for a long time?
P Yes, for nearly 35 years. I sold washing
machines, vacuum cleaners, fridges. I
worked with my son, Sean. He helped me
take fridges and washing machines to
all different parts of the city. We took
people their new fridges and brought
back the old ones. All part of the service.
Sean runs the shop nowits still in the
family.
M Actually, I think I know your store
McCrearys Appliances. My mom bought
a washing machine from you ten years
Audio Scripts 81
ago, and it still works fine now. When I
go home, I ll tell her that I m studying
with Patrick McCreary of McCrearys
Appliances. She always really liked your
store.
P I m really glad to hear that.
M So, Patrick, how long have you been
studying at Wilson University?
P I ve been studying here for two years
now. I ve just finished my second year.
I ts gone by so quickly. I love being part of
college life and getting to know some
young people, as well.
M I ve heard that youre also applying for
jobs. Dont you ever get tired, Patrick?
P Well, I was talking to Conor Boyd, Head
of Humanities, last week, and he asked
me to apply for a teaching position in
his department after I graduate. Recently
I ve been thinking about what I could do
when I finish my studies. I would love
to have the opportunity to pass on my
passion for American history.
M I m sure youll be an excellent teacher,
Patrick. Y ou know, its been really
interesting talking to you. I was wondering
if I could take a photo of you for the
Gazette.
P Well, of course you can. My pleasure.
M Thanks so much and good luck in the
future!
82 Audio Scripts
SPOTLI GHT ON
Unit 1 Topics and main ideas 2
Understanding topics
Understanding main ideas
Unit 2 Describing lifestyles 4
Present simple verbs
Positive phrases that help continue conversations
Unit 3 Predictions and cau se s 6
What will probably happen
Understanding causes
Unit 4 Numbers and amounts 8
Amounts: all, many, some, etc.
Exact and approximate numbers
Unit 5 Understanding purpose 10
A speakers or writers purpose
Recognizing synonyms
Unit 6 Short speaking t a sk s 12
Focusing for short speaking tasks
Antonyms
Unit 7 Past actions 14
Present perfect and past simple
Negatives in the present perfect and past simple
Unit 8 Certainty and uncertainty 16
Sure and unsure statements
Expressions of uncertainty
Unit 9 M a k i n g predictions 18
Predicting what will happen in certain conditions
Simplifying sentences
Unit 10 Classification 20
Organizing content through classification
Understanding details in classification
Unit 11 Relating listening and reading 22
Shared sub-topics
Agreement and disagreement
Unit 12 Pronouns 24
Pronouns and what they refer to
Pronouns referring to whole ideas
T
E
S
T
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Uni t 1 I To p i c s and mai n i d ea s
Understanding topics
A topic tells what a text is about in general. Knowing the topic in a text is the
first step in answering reading comprehension questions.
1 Finding a topic
audio file 41 Listen to or read the conversation. What is the topic? Check ( / ) the correct answer.
1. J enny needs a roommate for her new apartment.
2. J ennys having a problem with her roommate.
3. D J enny stopped being friends with Shelly.
Mark Hey, J enny. Hows your new apartment?
Better than living in the dorm, I bet.
Jenny Oh, hi, Mark. Yeah, it is. Most of the time.
Mark What? What do you mean? You have a
great apartment.
Jenny Y eah....
Mark Whos your roommate?
Jenny Shelly Cole. You know, second-
year biology student, from L.A.
Mark Oh, yeah. I know her. Hows it going?
Jenny Oh, shes great. We like the same
food, she likes to clean the house...
Mark That sounds nice.
Jenny Yeah. But there is one little
problem. She likes to listen to
music... while shes studying.
Mark Oh.
Jenny Yeah. I just cant do that. I have to
study in a quiet place. And when
we have exams, its really hard.
Mark Does Shelly know how you feel?
J enny No. Thats the problem. Shes such a
nice roommate and a good friend, but
I dont want to hurt her feelings. Do
you remember what happened last
year with my old roommate Laura?
One time I asked her if she could go
outside to talk on the phone, and she
stopped talking to me all semester!
Mark Oh, yeah. But Shellys a different
person. I think you should be honest
with her. I mean, if shes really a
good friend, shell understand.
J enny You think so?
Mark Yeah, sure. And if you dont tell her,
youre always going to feel bad. And then
someday you wont be friends anymore.
J enny I guess youre right. Thanks, Mark.
Mark No problem, J enny. Let me
know how it goes.
Understanding main ideas
Main ideas give supporting information about a topic. Finding the main ideas in a
text is one of the first things you need to do when you prepare to answer certain
kinds of exam questions.
2 Finding main ideas
Choose the group that gives the main ideas of the conversation in Exercise 1.
Group A Group B
Shelly is generally a good roommate.
Theres one problem: she listens to loud music.
Mark tells Jenny to talk to Shelly about the problem.
Jenny and Shelly like the same food.
Jennys old roommate stopped talking to her.
Mark wants to know what happens next.
Spotlight onTesting
Strategies for taking the: IELTS" Test
3 Choosing topics
Read the article. What is the topic? Check ( /) the correct answer.
1. Choosing a college can be hard.
2. Deciding ones major can be difficult.
3. Students have a hard time finishing college.
A Major Decision
About 60 percent of American students go directly
from high school into college. Choosing a college
can be difficult. But once these students are in
college, there is one other choice that seems to be
even harderdeciding on a major.
On average, college students in the United States
change their major three times. There are several
reasons for this, according to academic advisers.
About half of all freshmen start college not
knowing what to major in. Among those who
thi nk they know what they want to study, six out
of ten end up changing their major as well.
College is a time of discovery. As students take
classes, they find new areas that they are interested
in. Unfortunately, some of those students find so
many interesting classes that they are not able to
decide on a major. Some of those students end up
going to school for years, without even graduating!
Some advisers say that students need better tools,
both in colleges and in high schools, to help them
figure out what major is best for them. A few
universities have started offering special computer
programs to help. Students can learn more about
different majors, or even about what kinds of jobs
people find with each kind of major. They are
sometimes surprised to find philosophy majors
working for a software development company or
biology majors in the tourism industry.
Students seem to like these new tools, and more
students use them each year. Of course there are
other resources available to help, like academic
advisers. Even with all of these tools available
to them, choosing a major is difficult for many
students. The good thing is, they can always
change it.
4 Check your understanding
Read paragraphs 2-5 in Exercise 3 again. What is the main idea of each paragraph? Number the
sentences 2-5.
Better tools are needed to help students choose the right major. a.
b.
c.
Students often discover what they like when they take
different classes.
Even with great tools, deciding a major can still
be hard.
d . Many students change their majors.
5 Skills in review
Look at the reading on page 5 of the Workbook. What is the
topic? What are the main ideas?
Most tests have
a time limit. Get faster by
practicing each section of the test
with a clock. Dont spend too much
time on one or two questions or
your time might run out.
Spotlight onTesting Unit 1 3
Uni t 2 Desc r i b i n g l i f est yl es
Present simple verbs
A descriptionof lifestylesprobably hasmany verbsinthepresent simple.
They show what a personusually does. Toanswertest questionsabout this,
understand who(orwhat) doeseach action.
1 Describing lifestyles with the present simple
Read the descriptions. Write the letter to complete each sentence (a-d).
1. FarmersinTohoku... a. cut wood from theforests.
2. Cooking isgood inTohokubecause b. plant somecropsby hand.
people... c. play icehockey and ride
3. Inthewinter, many Yoopers... snowmobiles.
4 .____ Inboth Tohokuand theU.P., many people... d. usefresh foodsfrom nature.
1D Internet Search
m a m m m m m c u m
Address|http://www.smithtravelcompany.com/tohoku
r Go
Al
Living in Japans Beautiful North
People in the Tohoku region of J apan live close to nature. This is the northern part of J apans main
island, Honshu. I n the thick forests, many people work as lumberjacks. They cut down cedar trees
and sell the wood. Farmers in Tohoku use old ways to grow crops. They put small rice plants, one by
one, into wet fields in the spring. I n the fall, they pick the rice by hand. People in Tohoku are famous
for good cooking. They use fresh foods from nature. Delicious shiitake mushrooms grow near the
woods. Spicy wasabi plants grow next to Tohokus cold rivers. Cooks in Tohoku put these and other
natural foods into tasty stews called nahe.
[ B Internet Search
Address|http://www.smi tht ravel company.com/michigan
.!( Go
Living in Northern Michigan
The Upper Peninsula of Michigan in the United States is a cold, northern land. It is called the U.P.,
and people who live there are often called Y oopers. Snow falls from October to May, so Y oopers learn
to love winter. They ski, play hockey on the ice, and drive vehicles called snowmobiles. The U.P. has a
lot of valuable metals in its rocks. Many Y oopers work in mines to get iron, copper, and other metals.
Others work as lumberjacks in the U.P.s thick forests. They cut down pine trees and sell the wood
to companies that build houses and furniture. Many Y oopers fish in the rivers or in Lake Superior, a
huge lake just north of the U.P.
2 Recognizing present simple verbs
Read these sentences from the descriptions again. Circle the present simple verb(s).
1. They put small rice plants, one by one, into wet fields in the spring.
2. Cooks in Tohoku put these and other natural foods into tasty stews called nabe.
3. Snow falls from October to May, so Yoopers learn to love winter.
Positive phrases that help continue conversations
Sometimesspeakersask questionstohelp a conversationcontinue. They also
usepositivephraseslikesure, really, right, uh-huh, and yeah. Conversationsin
listening testsincludephraseslikethese. Dont get confused by them.
3 Helping a conversation continue
au d io file 41 Listen to or read the conversation. Circle the phrases the speakers use for continuing
the conversation.
Bill Can you smell that? Pine trees! I ts a Sara Did you swim a lot in the lake?
beautiful smell. It reminds me of home.
Bill No way! That water is too cold.
Sara Oh, really?
Sara Really?
Bill Yeah. I n high school, I lived in
Michigan, near Lake Superior.
Bill You wouldnt believe it. Even on
hot days, the lake feels like ice.
Sara Uh-huh.
Sara Right.
Bill And our house was next to a big pine forest.
Bill Have you ever been to Lake Superior?
Sara Yeah.
Sara No, but I can imagine.
Bill So that pine smell is like home.
Bill I ts cold and stormy, but I love it.
Sara Did you like living there?
Sara I m sure.
Bill Oh, yeah. It was a lot of fun. We hiked a
lot, and we went fishing all the time.
Bill Now I m homesick!
aud i o f i l e Listen to or read the conversation again. Write T for true or F for false.
1. ___ When Mark smells pine trees, he thinks of home.
2 . ___ Mark often went swimming in Lake Superior.
3. ___ J enny has been to Lake Superior, too.
4 . ___ Mark likes the cold and stormy lake.
5 Skills in review
Look at Exercise 11 (Vocabulary) on page 12 of the
Workbook. After you fill the blanks, try adding phrases
that help the conversation continue. Where can you put
the phrases?
Itsgood tounderstand
right, uh-huh, and other
encouragement phrases, but they dont
giveany information, inlistening tests, try
toskip overthem. Thereareprobably
noquestionsabout them.
Uni t 3 Pr ed i c t i on s and c a u ses
What will probably happen
Many testsask what islikelyalmost suretohappen. Somereading or
listening passagessay directly what islikely. Othersonly giveyouclues. You
havetoguess makeaninferenceabout likely events.
1 Predicting what will happen
aud io file 41 Listen to or read the lecture. Check ( /) the event that is most likely to happen.
1. Earths rivers will become ice.
2. The Earths temperature will increase faster.
3. All Earths forests will disappear.
Lecturer:
I m sure you have heard the phrase global warming. Scientists use the phrase for two kinds of warming.
The first one is an increase in air temperature. The average air temperature on Earth is almost one
degree higher than in 1960. This may sound small, but its really very big for such a short time. Its effects
are troubling. Glaciers, which are rivers of ice, are disappearing in mountains. A mountain in Africa
called K ilimanjaro once had a lot of snow on it. Now almost all the snow is gone. Warmer air also helps
diseases spread farther. And there is even worse news. The increase gets faster year by year. The average
temperature might rise another four degrees in the next 50 years.
The other part of global warming is in the oceans. Sea-water temperatures in most parts of the sea have
gone up more than one degree since 1960. This has caused a lot of problems. Much of the ice around the
earths North Pole melts every summer. Warmer ocean water has helped cause more heavy rainstorms
in Europe. Sea animals that a lot of people like, such as penguins, have more trouble finding enough cool
water. Lots of fish are dying.
Humans cause much of the trouble. Factories and cars put gas into the air. This gas traps heat on Earth. Also,
people cut down forests that could help keep the planet cooler. A bigger population means more factories,
more cars, and fewer trees. Trees help keep the planet cooler, so the loss of so much forest is a big problem.
Understanding causes
Tomakeinferencesabout likely happenings, youhavetounderstand causes.
What will ormight lead toanevent? Test questionsabout causesand their likely
effectsarecommon.
2 Listening for causes
aud io file 41 Listen to or read the lecture again. Circle the letter of the cause.
1. The snow on Kilimanjaro is almost gone because
a. air temperature has increased. b. sea temperature has increased.
2. Rainstorms in Europe are worse because
a. air temperature has increased. b. sea temperature has increased.
3. There are fewer trees because
a. population has increased. b. sea temperature has increased.
3 Practice finding causes
Read the memo. Match each result with a cause. Write the letter of the cause.
1. Thelab isclosed until Friday. a. A tablefell.
2. Glassand bottlesbroke. b. Anelectrical firestarted.
3 .____ Firealarmswent off. c. Someequipment cannot bereplaced
4. _ Someclassesaremoved to soon.
otherlabs. d. Therewasanaccident.
! w _ k j
E l
To: [All Chemistry Faculty
.................
From: j J erry Rowe, Chair
Date: |A pril 12
Subject: |RE: Accident in the chemistry lab
The chemistry lab in Room 411 will be closed until Friday. Clean-up from an accident is necessary. The
accident caused a lot of damage, but there is no danger to anyone in the chemistry building.
The accident occurred on Monday when a water pipe broke. Water on the floor damaged the carpet
and some cabinets. A lab table fell down after water weakened its legs. Glass containers and bottles of
chemicals then fell and broke. The water also damaged some electrical equipment. The electrical problem
caused a small fire in one corner of the lab. No one was in the lab, so there was no danger to anyone. Fire
alarms in the lab went off. The city fire department arrived in a few minutes and controlled the fire.
The lab will reopen on Friday for basic experiments. However, the damage cannot all be corrected
soon. Some classes will be moved to other labs until we can replace equipment. Thank you for your
understanding.
Read the memo again. Write T for true or F for false.
1. ____ The water on the floor came from a glass container.
2 . ____ The table fell because water damaged its legs.
3. ____ The fire spread through the whole lab.
4 . ____ The fire department put out the fire.
5 Skills in review
Look again at at the reading The BurglarsFriend
on page 14 of the Workbook. What are the
Browns likely to do as a result of this event?
Whena test questionasks
about what'snext, look forcertainthings.
Commentsabout thefutureareoftenat the
end of a reading orlistening passage. Also,
look orlistenforquestionsabout thefuture,
>*, such as, Sowhat comesnext?
S
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Uni t 4 Nu m b e r s and a m ou n t s
Amounts: all, many, some, etc.
Somestatementsabout amountsareabsolute, such asall, every, and none.
They cover100%or0% of something. Otherstatementsarepartial, such as
many, some, a few, and not many. Sometest questionsask how much of a thing
ismentioned.
c/>
o
1 Al l or some?
Read the discussion from a website. Look at the underlined phrases,
how many or how much. The first one has been done as an example.
Draw a bar (|) to show
1. All puppies are afraid.
0 ----------------------------
0%

5 0 %
-------------------------- +
1 00%
2. He eats verv little food.
0 % 5 0 % 1 00%
3. Many working does are this wav.
----------------------------
0 %
A

5 0 %
_m__
-------------------------- 0
100%
4. Every comment here is helpful.
w
0 %
w
5 0 %
w
100%
I H Internet Search t t H N - j a M
Addr ess jht t p: / / www. our pet spet s. com
* Go
Welcome to ourpetspets.com
Name: Bestfriend | Date: Nov 15th, 8:09 PM
I got a new puppy last week. He'snamed Woofer. I know all puppiesareafraid whenthey gotoa new
home, but WooferisVERY afraid. Helookssad, and hestaysonhissleeping blanket most of theday.
Heeatsvery littlefood. I canpick him up, but heshakeswith fear.
Name: Dogdoc | Date: Nov 15th, 10:03 PM
What kind of dog isWoofer? Sometypesof dogstakea long timegetting used toa new home. Many
working dogs likecolliesarethisway. They want torunaround outside, but theyreina strange
environmentyourhouse!
Name: Helpgirl | Date: Nov 16th, 7:32 AM
Bestfriend, youreright. Nopuppy likestobeput ina new home. Wooferisjust being normal.
Name: Dogdoc j Date: Nov 15th, 8:15 AM
Well, itsnot truethat NO dog likesa new home. Im a veterinarian, and Iveseenmany dogshappy
right away ina new place. A few arehappierina new placethaninanold one.
Name: Bestfriend | Date: Nov 15th, 9:45 PM
Thanks. Every comment hereishelpful. I need toshow Woofermorelove. Maybehewastreated
badly inhisold home. Not many dogsarehappy after anexperiencelikethat.
2 More practice with amounts
Read the Web comments again. Mark each underlined phrase as A for absolute or P for partial.
1. ___ He stays on his sleeping blanket most of the day.
2 . ___ No puppy likes to be put in a new home.
3. ___ Not many dogs are happy after an experience like that.
Exact and approximate numbers
Somepricesareexact, such as$1.75." Othersareapproximateclose, but not
exact, likeabout $2.00," orbetween$100 and $120. Sometest questions
about detailsask youtochoosea numberfrom a list orwriteoneina blank.
3 How much does it cost?
audi o f i l e Listen to or read the conversation. Circle the correct word and number.
1. Tinas music player cost (exactly / approximately) ($250 / $263.12).
2. The (exact / approximate) cost of most music players is between ($100 and $400 / $250 and $263.12).
3. Most songs online cost (exactly / approximately) (99 cents / $10) each.
Tina Look at my new music player. I snt it cool? Tina Yeah. Through Tickticksongs dot com.
Fred Very nice. That must have cost a lot. Fred How much do they charge?
Tina Sort of. I think I paid about two hundred fifty Tina Well, for a really popular song, its
dollars. J ust a secondheres the receipt. Two a dollar and twenty-nine cents.
hundred sixty-three dollars and twelve cents.
Fred Thats a little high.
Fred Wow! Is that a normal price?
Tina Yeah, but for most songs its
Tina It depends. I saw prices from about one only ninety-nine cents.
hundred to about four hundred.
Fred And can you buy a whole CD online?
Fred So how many songs does yours hold?
Tina Yeah, that costs... I thi nk...
Tina Im not sure. Thousands. maybe about ten dollars.
Fred So do you buy them online?
audi o f i l e 4S Listen to or read the conversation again. Write T for true or F for false
1 . ___ Tina is talking about a new computer she bought.
2 . ___ Tinas new player can hold more than 1,000
songs.
3 . ___ Online, some songs cost more than
others.
4. ___ A whole CD online costs only 99 cents.
Skills in review
Look at the article on page 23 of the Workbook.
Which of these things do you have? How many of
each? How much did each cost?
Topreparefortest questions
about amounts, practicelistening to
orsaying numbers. Whenyouhearone,
writeit downif youcan. Practiceusing
amount words: I did ALL my homework,
MANY of my friendsarehere.
Uni t 5 I Un d er st a n d i n g p u r p ose
A speakers or writers purpose
Why doesa speakerorwriter mentionsomething? Inotherwords, what is
thepurpose? Perhapsthepurposeistoshow contrasts, ortoget someones
attention. Somequestions, especially inlistening tests, ask about thepurpose
of a fact oridea.
1 A speakers or writers purpose
audi o f i l e 41 Listen to or read the teachers announcement. Circle the letter of the purpose of
each phrase.
1. I think we will all have fun.
a. to give examples b. to make his listeners feel comfortable
2. ... the building of Egypts pyramids, the glory of Rome, the American Revolution, the rise of the I nternet.
a. to give examples b. to name possible problems
3. You must get ready for each test on your own. I will not remind you.
a. to name possible problems b. to make listeners feel comfortable
Teacher:
Well, everyone, welcome. I am very happy to have you all in my history class. I thi nk we will all have
fun. I believe that you learn best if you enjoy learning. The title of our textbook is Great Events in World
History. That gives you a good idea of our main goal in class. Our aim is to cover the greatest things
that happened all over the world. I maginethe building of Egypts pyramids, the glory of Rome, the
American Revolution, the rise of the I nternet.
Well go from about 10,000 bc e to the first years of the 21st century. At our starting point, humans first
became farmers. By the end, humans can communicate around the world with computers.
We will have homework almost every day. These assignments count for 50 percent of your grade. The
other half comes from four tests. Each exam will cover three units from our book. I n the text, you will see
a quiz for each unit. Do these questions. They are a great way to prepare for a test. You must get ready for
each test on your own. I will not remind you. I will not have review classes. You are responsible for your
own learning.
Recognizing synonyms
Synonyms arewordswith similarmeanings. Forexample, test and examination
canbesynonyms. Often, synonymsdont meanexactly thesamething. Thats
why test questionsabout them may ask fora word that isclosest inmeaning"
toanother.
2 Vocabulary: Synonyms
audi o f i l e 41 Listen again to the teachers announcement. Check ( /) the closest synonym for each word.
1. have fun enjoy learn
2. goal idea aim
3. prepare get ready remind
3 Finding synonyms
Read the article. Circle the letter of the best answer.
1. Theword childrenis
closest inmeaning to
a. kids
b. stages
c. networks
2. Theword spend is
a. watch
b. pay out
c. make
3. Theword blockbusteris
a. performer
b. cartoon
c. big hit
T V for Tweens
Tweens are very valuable to any TV network.
The word tween is a short form of between. These
children are between 8 and 12 years old. They are
also between two different times in their lives.
They are not little kids anymore, but they are not
yet in the teenage stage either.
Tweens watch a lot of TV. The average tween in the
U.S. watches 12.2 hours of TV a week. Tweens and
their parents also spend a lot. They paid out about
$35 million last year on tween-related products.
Companies that make sports shoes, snacks, and
video games want to reach these viewers. They are
willing to spend a lot of money in advertising to
this audience. TV networks try to capture tweens
attention and grab these advertising dollars.
I n the U.S., the most successful tween networks
are the Disney Channel, Nickelodeon, and ABC
Family. Disney has had big hits like Hannah
Montana and Jonas. Nickelodeons cartoon
SpongeBob SquarePants was also a blockbuster.
At one time, SpongeBob brought in $200 million
per year for Nickelodeon. These networks know
how to attract tweens. Pop music and musical
performers are winners. Also, in many hit shows,
groups of friends solve problems together.
4 Choosing main ideas
Read the article again. Write T for true or F for false.
1. ___ The word tween is a short form of cartoon.
2 . ___ The average U.S. tween watches more than 12 hours of TV each week.
3. ___ Companies pay money to TV networks to advertise on tween shows.
4 . ___ Tweens like shows where groups of friends solve problems together.
5 Skills in review
Look at Exercise 11on page 29 of the Workbook.
Look at the first statement by A in each item.
What do you think is As purpose for saying
that to B?
/ Questionsinreading/
listening testsmay ask youtonotice
synonyms. Try looking forthewordsthis
orsuch. They might gowith a synonym. For
example, difficulty might befollowed by
\ this problem orsuch a problem.
S
P
O
T
L
I
G
H
T

O
N
Uni t 6 Sh o r t sp ea k i n g t a sk s
Focusing for short speaking tasks
Sometestsask youtospeak for a short time(only 45 or60 seconds) about
what youhaveread orheard. Youmust choosethemost important thingstosay
from a lot of information.
i n
o
1 Finding ideas to focus on
Read the articles about Dubai. Match each article to the set of words describing its most
important points. Write the letter.
1. TheBuildingsof Old Dubai a. expensive, unusual
2. _ Dubai BecomesanInternational City b. few, low, rough
3 .____ Amazing StructuresinModernDubai c. safe, world leader
The Buildings of Old Dubai
Twenty years ago, Dubai was a sandy seaside town. The port had small shops that sold pearls and fish.
Downtown Dubai had markets and only a few office buildings, mostly for oil companies. Most people
lived in small, low houses made of rough cement. A few tall apartment buildings rose up at the edge
of town. They were alone, however, surrounded by empty space. The desert was only a few miles from
downtown.
Dubai Becomes an International City
I n the 1990s, Dubai grew rapidly. Many of its neighbors suffered from war and unrest. They sent their
money to banks in Dubai to keep it safe. Companies in the region began moving to Dubai for the same
reason. As it grew richer, Dubais leaders boldly decided to make their city a world-class leader. I t soon
became the money capital of its region. Now, it is one of the most international cities in the world. More
than 80% of the people living there are citizens of other countries.
Amazing Structures in Modern Dubai
Dubais port has been totally rebuilt. Man-made islands create new docks for ships. One island is shaped
like a huge palm tree. Huge, shiny towers are all around the new Dubai. Some of the worlds most
expensive hotels and largest shopping malls are there. I n one mall, there is an artificial hill covered in
snow, so customers can go skiing.
Spotlight onTesting
Strategies for taking the:
2 Practice speaking
Read the articles again. Speak for 45 seconds about Dubai. Use information from all the
articles. Use a watch to time yourself. Try to include the important words from your answers
to Exercise 1.
Antonyms
Antonyms arewordswith oppositemeanings. Somearetrue antonyms
(e.g., cold/hot). Othersarenear antonymsdifferent but not exactly opposite
(e.g., go/come). Vocabulary questionsontestsoftenask youtoidentify the
opposite orthenearest opposite."
3 Recognizing antonyms
audi o f i l e 41 Listen to or read the conversation. Circle the nearest antonym for each word.
1. crowded busy empty unknown
2. drier
3. rare
browner rainier lower
good big common
Ted I cant believe how much Yellowstone Brad Well, maybe it was rainier then.
Park has changed. I ts so crowded!
Ted And dont you think the rivers are lower?
Brad Yeah, these roads were almost
empty ten years ago.
Brad Yeah. I think the Lamar River
used to be a lot higher.
Ted Some famous places like Old
Faithful were always busy.
Ted And another weird change is with
the big animals, like the bison.
Brad Yeah, but most places were unknown
and were pretty relaxing.
Brad Yeah, their herds are a lot larger. We saw
only small herds before. They were rare.
Ted I also think the weather has
changed or something.
Ted Uh-huh. Now theyre common.
Theyre everywhere. I dont
Brad What do you mean? know if thats good or bad.
Ted I think the whole place looks drier.
The grass is brown and everything.
Brad I ts okay with me, as long as
they dont attack us!
audi o f i l e 41 Listen to or read the conversation again. Write T for true or F for false, according to
Ted and Brad.
1. ___ More people now go to Yellowstone Park.
2 . ___ Old Faithful is a famous place.
3. ___ The rivers have less water in them now.
4 . ___ Bison are harder to find now.
5 Skills in review
Look at Exercise 3 on page 32 of the Workbook. Find an
antonym or near antonym for each adjective in the exercise.
Ina short speaking
task ona test, start with a strong
first sentence. Stateyourmainidea
right away and very directlynolong
introductions. Thiswill help thelistener
and may lead tohigherscores.
Uni t 7 Pa st a c t i on s
Present perfect and past simple
Sometest questionsfocusonpast actions. Present perfect verbs(oftenwith
for orsince) focusonactionsthat started inthepast and arestill going onnow.
Past simpleverbs(oftenwith in, at, oron) areforactionscompleted at onetime
inthepast.
1 Time differences with present perfect and past simple
aud i o f i l e 41>Listen to or read the lecture. Circle the correct word.
1. The term train wreck has been used for celebrities (for / in) many years.
2. An actress named Marilyn Monroe died (since / in) 1962.
3. Howard Hughes had problems with fame (for / in) the 1970s.
4. (For / Since) long ago, celebrities have tried to escape fame by living in faraway places.
Lecturer:
The phrase train wreck used to mean a crash involving a train. Since the 1990s, people have used it to refer
to a celebrity experiencing a sad situation. A famous person who has fallen apart emotionally. Usually fame
is to blame. Fame has brought too much pressure. Singers, movie stars, and sports figures have suffered.
The train wreck phrase has not been around long, but the problem has been. A famous actress named
Marilyn Monroe seemed happy, but she was deeply troubled by fame. She had a fame-related breakdown
in 1962 and died. An extremely rich and famous man named Howard Hughes became mentally ill in the
1970s. Fame has been partially blamed for this. Many modern celebrities have built houses far from other
people in order to escape fame. Others have moved to other countries where fewer people know them.
The odd thing is that many of these people wanted fame at earlier times in their lives. Many doctors say
fame is like a drug. People want it badly. I n the 1990s, a study in one Chinese city showed that 30 percent
of the people there dreamed of being famous. Then, after people have gotten a little fame, they want more.
For some people, the dream of fame has taken over their lives.
Negatives in the present perfect and past simple
Innegative present perfect verbs, put not after has orhave. Innegativepast
simpleverbs, add did not. Grammarquestionsonsometestsask youtomake
verbsnegative.
2 Using negatives in the present perfect and past simple
Here are some sentences based on the lecture. Check (/) the correct verb.
1. Since the 1990s, train wreck often ( has not meant did not mean) the crash of a train.
2. Marilyn Monroe (Q has not seemed did not seem) troubled in 1962, but she was.
3. For a long time, famous people ( have not wanted did not want) to live near other people.
3 Making negatives
Read the newspaper article. Write a negative sentence with the word or phrase in brackets
Do not change the meaning of the positive sentences.
1. Positive: Relationships in cartoon movies are simple.
Negative: [complicated]_______________________________________________.
2. Positive: As I have changed, my favorite types of movies have also changed.
Negative: [stay the same]______________________________________________.
3. Positive: I knew life was dangerous, so I expected danger in movies, too.
Negative: [safe]______________________________________________________ .
4. Positive: Now, my favorite movies are about responsible adults, like me.
Negative: [children]________________________________________________
Movie Favorites Change
1 I have loved the movies since I was a little kid. I n
my earliest years, I liked cartoons like Aladdin
and Scooby-Doo. I imagined myself as the hero of
each story. Relationships were simple, and endings
were always happy. Of course, movie studios have
made happy cartoons for almost a century. They
have given us cartoon mice, dogs, witches, and
ghosts. I n the 1940s, these feel-good movies were
just as popular as they are now. My kids love them
just as I did.
2 However, throughout my life, my mind has moved
on. I was a normal teenager. As I grew, I wanted
movies to grow with me. My relationships at
high school were complicated by friendship, love,
disappointment, and many other feelings.
I needed movies with complex relationships, too.
My body grew, and I became stronger and faster.
I needed movies with action. And I knew life was
dangerous, full of forces that could do me harm.
I needed scary movies, too.
3 Now, I am an adult. I am the father of a wonderful
little girl and boy. I can watch their movies with
them and remember my love of cartoons. But
after they go to bed, I need movies about different
things. The main characters must have a lot of
responsibility. They are parents, or presidents, or
school principals. They struggle against bad guys
in order to save other people, not themselves.
4
5
Choosing main ideas
Read the article again. What is the main idea of
each paragraph? Number 1-3.
a. ___ As children grow up, their tastes in
movies generally change as well.
b . ___ Though adults can enjoy watching
childrens cartoons, they usually
want to watch movies that deal with
grown-up themes.
c. ___ Cartoon movies have been loved by children
as long as these movies have been around.
Skills in review
Look at the reading on page 39 of the Workbook.
How well does Steven Spielberg handle fame?
Practiceforquestionsabout
past simpleorpresent perfect verbs. Keep a
journal. At theend of every day, writesomethings
youdid at a point intime(e.g., at 2:00). Alsowrite
about thingsthat arestill happening asyou
write(e.g., I have been awake since...).
Spotlight on Testing Unit 7 15
Uni t 8 Ce r t a i n t y and u n c er t a i n t y
Sure and unsure statements
Certainty meanssureness. A writer orspeakercanbevery certainabout
onething (believing it istrueorsuretohappen) and lesssureabout others.
Understanding certainty will help youanswertest questions.
1 Understanding a writers or speakers certainty
Read the e-mail. Mark each statement to show how certain the writer is about it. Write 1
(very sure), 2 (mostly sure), or 3 (mostly unsure).
1 . ___ Orders increased 23% over last year.
2 . ___ The production department can fill the orders with current staff.
3 . ___ The production department will get five new machines.
4 . ___ President Tanner will respond to J enna.
To: IJim Barker, Human Resources Manager
From: | Jenna Young, Production Manager
Date: | April 27
Subject: | Hiring request
Dear J im,
I m happy to say that this has been a very good year for our company. Orders for our products are up 23%
over last year. I know we are all happy about this success. However, in some ways it is a challenge. It puts
a lot of pressure on our production department. Maybe we can fill all those orders with our current staff,
but I dont thi nk so. We probably need to hire new people.
I have asked President Tanner for five more machines for our production line. I am almost sure my
request will be approved. We need three people to run each machine. Therefore, we might need at least
fifteen new production workers. We could need even more for other production jobs. I f we get these
employees, we will need two more supervisors to manage them. We could need even more.
I will hear from President Tanner soon about my equipment request, possibly today or tomorrow. I will let
you know what happens. Thank you.
J enna
Expressions of uncertainty
A speakeror writer whoisnt surewill probably usewordsand phrasesof
uncertainty. They includecould, dont think, kind of, maybe, not sure, and
possibly. Toanswertest questions, connect each expressiontoanidea orfact.
2 Finding expressions of uncertainty
Read the e-mail again. Here are some sentences from it. Circle the expressions of uncertainty.
1. Maybe we can fill all those orders with our current staff, but I dont think so.
2. We could need even more for other production jobs.
3. I will hear from President Tanner soon about my equipment request, possibly today or tomorrow.
3 Practice with expressions of uncertainty
audi o f i l e 41 Listen to or read the conversation. Circle the best word or phrase.
1. Brenda (will not / might / will) work at a restaurant.
2. Alan (will not / might / will) work this summer.
3. Alan is (sure he wont / not sure he will / sure he will) take a trip to Canada.
4. Does the Parks Department have jobs? Brenda thinks (it doesnt / it might / it does).
Alan What do you plan to do this
summer, Brenda?
Brenda Yeah. My restaurant job never
gives me time off.
Brenda I m not sure yet. I ll probably Alan You sound pretty negative about it.
get a job somewhere.
Brenda I am, kind of. I like the people, but
Alan Where? I m not sure I like the work.
Brenda Maybe at the restaurant I worked
in last summer. How about you?
Alan I dont think I d like working
in a restaurant.
Alan I m going to work, too, at my dads office.
But Id like to go on a hiking trip in Canada.
Brenda I guess I could try to get another job.
Maybe something outdoors, in the
Brenda That sounds great. Can you
fresh air.
really get the time to do it? Alan You know, maybe the city Parks
Alan Possibly. I dont know. I have to
Department is hiring summer help.
see my work schedule first. Brenda Hey, thats a good idea. I might
go to their website and see.
audi o f i l e 41 Listen to or read the conversation again. Write T for true or F for false.
1.
2.
3.
Last summer, Brenda worked at a restaurant.
Alans dad has an office in Canada.
Brenda does not like anything about the
restaurant job.
4. Brenda is not interested in a job with the
Parks Department.
5 Skills in review
Look at your answers to Exercise 6 on page 43 of the
Workbook. How sure are you about the advice you
gave in Exercise 6? Do you want to change any of your
should verbs to have to (as in Exercise 8)?
Testsoftenask questions
about certainty-somethingsare
sureand othersarent. Youhaveto
understand thedifference. Assumethat
thespeakerissureunlessyouhear
anexpressionof uncertainty.
Uni t 9 | M a k i n g p r ed i c t i on s
Predicting what will happen in certain conditions
Certain conditions oftenlead tocertain results. A reading orlistening passage
describestheconditions. Youshould understand what resultswill ormight
happen. Sometestsask youtoguessabout resultsif they arenot stated directly.
1 Guessing what will or might happen
audi o f i l e Listen to or read the TV program script. Match each condition to a result.
Write the correct letter.
Condition Result
1. Temperaturesrisepast 100 degrees. a. They formed different shapesof
2. Strong windsblow acrossthedesert.
rocks.
b. Itsa great placefor peopletobuy
3 .____ Sometrailsgothrough flat country.
bikes.
4. _ Thestreetsof Moab arelined with c. Youneed totravel with water.
bikeshops. d. Thesearebetter for new bikers.
Announcer:
Hello. I m Dan Turner, and this is Travel Time. Today on our show, we will go to the state of Utah, in the
western United States. Lets visit the town of Moabthe mountain-biking capital of America. Moab is
near Arches National Park. Most land around Moab is rocky desert. Little rain falls, there are almost no
trees, and summer temperatures rise past 100 degrees. I f you travel here without water, you could be in big
trouble. Why does anyone want to come here? The answerfor the rocks!
The rocks in Arches Park are fabulous. They come in all shapes and sizes. Many are like big arched
doorways with holes carved into the sandy rock. I n other places, huge round rocks stand on top of pencil-
thin supports. I f you push it, will it fall down? Dont try! The rocks of the park were formed by many
things. At one time, rivers flowed here. Also, in winter, rock-breaking ice can form. Most importantly,
strong winds often blow across the desert.
I f you come here on a bicycle, you can see these rocks at their best. Bike trails run throughout the park.
Some trails go sharply up mountainsides. Try these only if you are a very good biker. Others travel
through flatter country. Everywhere, bike riders get fantastic views through the arches, across the desert,
and toward faraway snowy mountains. The town of Moab welcomes bikers. The streets of the town are
lined with bike shops for all kinds of visitors, from new bikers to professionals. Great restaurants in Moab
offer cold drinks and a good meal after a long day in the park.
Simplifying sentences
A long sentenceprobably hasphrasesthat arenot important tothemainidea.
Youcanunderstand it betterif youcansimplify the sentence. Test questionsask
youtolook past theextra information. Focusonthemainidea.
2 Simplifying long sentences
Check ( /) the main idea of each long sentence.
1. Littlerainfalls, therearealmost notrees, and
summertemperaturesrisepast onehundred
degrees.
Summersinthearea arehot.
Conditionsinthearea aretough.
2. Thestreetsof thetownarelined with bike
shopsfor all kindsof visitors, from new bikers
toprofessionals.
Bicyclistscanfind what they need inthetown.
Many kindsof bicyclistscometotown.
3 Finding good simplifications
Read the article. Complete the simplified form of each
numbered sentence in the article.
Sentence 1: A ___________________________________is
the most effective kind of PFD.
Sentence 2: Some boaters dont __________________
Sentence 3: You can be in danger even if
Read the safety brochure again.
Write T for true or F for false.
1. ___ This brochure is mainly about being safe
on lakes.
2 . ___ PFD means proper flotation device.
3. ___ The brochure says that operating a boat
is like driving a car.
4 . ___ Bad weather includes lightning and
strong winds.
5 Skills in review
Look at the reading on page 51 of the
Workbook. Choose three long sentences from
the reading. Write a simplified form of each one.
Water Safety for Boaters
Before you set out for a day on the lake, make sure
you are a safe boater. Many people are not. The sad
fact is that 235 people in our state died last year in
boating accidents.
The most important thing is to wear a personal
flotation device (PFD), a simple way to avoid a big
problem. The best PFDs are vests. After putting
your arms through, you simply buckle the vest over
your chest. You cant get a suntan through a PFD
vest, but what is more important, a tan or your life?
(1) PFDs in shapes other than a vest, such as belts,
pillows, or boxes, are much less effective.
The second rule of boating safety is equally simple:
Watch where you are going! You would be surprised
by the number of boating accidents caused by
boaters who run into things they never saw. (2) The
boater might be talking, or eating a sandwich, or
just daydreaminganything except looking ahead.
Remember, boating is just like driving.
Finally, leave the lake as soon as possible when bad
weather approaches. L ightning and wind from
thunderstorms can be deadly. (3) You can be in
danger even if you see no lightning and the wind
is calm as you float peacefully on smooth waters.
Summer storms can grow quickly, and any dark
cloud is a danger sign. I f you follow these three
safety rules, you can keep your summer boating
safe and enjoyable.
For a simplification question,
find the main clause of the long sentence.
The most important information is probably
there. In If you have questions, ask your
teacher, the main clause is ask your teacher
It is the most important part.
Uni t 10 Cl a ssi f i c a t i on
Organizing content through classification
Sorting informationintogroupsiscalled classification. Many reading and
listening passagesontestsareorganized thisway. Tounderstand the
informationand answerquestionsabout it, youhavetorecognizethegroups
and know which detailsgointoeach.
1 Organizing content through classification
Read the article. Write a paragraph number (2, 3, or 4) next to each classification group.
a. ___ Machines with blades that spin around
b . ___ Machines with wings that flap like bird wings
c. ___ Backpacks with rocket engines
Flying Machines that Never Flew
1 Todays airplanes, helicopters, hot-air balloons
are members of a small groupflying machines
that really work. But the group offailed
flying machines is a lot larger. Three types
of flyer make up this unfortunate group.
2 One type is supposed to use wings that flap, like
the wings of a bird or bat in flight. L eonardo da
Vinci, the famous I talian painter and inventor,
designed several of these machines about 500
years ago. No one knows whether da Vinci ever
built any of them, but we know they probably
cant work. Modern engineers have built
machines from da Vincis drawings. None of
them has flown. Neither did other flap-wing
aircraft that people built in the early 1900s.
3 Failed helicopters make up another group.
Like the helicopters of today, these machines had
blades on top that spun around. Many inventors
made small models of helicopters that flew. I n
1907, a helicopter with a pilot inside stayed in
the air for 20 seconds. But no truly successful
helicopter was built until Igor Sikorskys in 1937.
4 J et packs are the last type of failed flyer. People
have long dreamed of putting on a backpack
with rocket engines and flying around. German
scientists in the 1930s had a design for soldiers
to use, but it never worked. I n the 1970s, fliers
with jet packs were popular at air shows. Many
of these people got badly hurt because they
could fly, but they couldnt easily land. The
dream of jet packs has never come true.
Understanding details in classification
Recognizing groupsisnot enough. Youshould alsounderstand how detailsfit
together intogroups. Sometest questionsmay ask youtocompletea list or
chart that putsdetailsintogroups.
2 Understanding details in classification
Find these details in the article. Check ( / ) the group each detail belongs to.
1. Engineers have.built from da Vincis drawings jet packs flap-wing flyers
2. No successful design until 1937 flap-wing flyers helicopters
3. Cannot easily land helicopters jet packs
20 Spotlight onTesting Unit 10
Strategies for taking the: CEIIHEEI
3 Practice with classification
aud i o f i l e 41 Listen to or read the conversation. The chart classifies details into three groups.
List the details in each group.
Group 1-Projects Group 2-Assignments Group 3-Participation
->
->
Brad Professor J ohnson, Im in your
literature class. Can I ask a
question about our grades?
Prof. Johnson Sure... uh... Im sorry.
Whats your name?
Brad Im Brad Sanders. I m not sure about
the different parts of this course.
Prof. Johnson Well, the most important
category is projects. Thats worth
50 percent of your grade.
Brad What kinds of projects?
Prof. Johnson That category includes a group
report, a journal, and a poster.
Brad OK. I understand. Thats
half of our grade.
Prof. Johnson And the next type are assignments.
Thats 25 percent. These include
exercises from the book and
other things I think you need
to practice. I dont know how
many assignments youll have.
audi o f i l e Listen to or read the conversation again.
1. ___ Prof. J ohnson teaches literature.
2 . ___ Brad is not sure whether to take her class.
3. ___ Grades in the class are based on four categories
4 . ___ Most of the grade comes from projects.
5 Skills in review
Look at Exercise 6 on page 56 of the Workbook. It contains shop signs (e.g., about
jewelry) and warning signs (no dogs...). As you go through the day, find other
signs in these categories. Keep a list.
Brad Thanks. Will we have
assignments for every day?
Prof. Johnson 1dont know. Probably
not EVERY day.
Brad Good!
Prof. Johnson And the last category is
participation, also 25 percent.
Brad You mean, like, answering
questions in class?
Prof. Johnson Yes, but other things, too. Do you
work well with others in groups?
Do you ask questions when you
dont understand? Overall, this is
all about being an active learner.
Brad So, 50, 25, 25. Okay. Thats the
whole grade. Got it. Thanks.
Toanswerquestionsabout
categories, listenforsignalslikekind,
type, category, the first group, another type,
etc. If thetest allowsnote-taking, divideyour
notepaperintocolumns-oneforeach group.
Writedetailsinthecorrect column.
Uni t 11 Relating listening and reading
Shared sub-topics
Sometestsask youtorelatea listening passagetoa reading. Your first step is
tounderstand which sub-topicsthey share. A sub-topic isa set of ideasthat is
smallerthanthemaintopic of thereading orlistening.
1 Finding shared topics
audi o f i l e t Listen to or read the lecture. Then read the article. Check ( /) the sub-topics
that appear in both.
3. A collision that led to death of the dinosaurs 1. Asteroids hitting Earth in 2002 and 2008
2. Space rocks harmlessly burning up 4. A possible collision in 2028
Lecture: Asteroids
Space rocks, called asteroids, are heading
toward Earth. But dont be scaredthis is
normal. Every day, hundreds of small rocks
enter our atmosphere and burn up. They are
called meteors after they enter our atmosphere.
A few of them are bright enough for people
to see as they harmlessly burn out. Of course,
there are larger asteroids in space as well. Some
asteroids could cause a lot of damage if they
hit Earth. However, that almost never happens.
Also, scientists have not yet found any asteroids
that seem ready to hit us. One is scheduled to
come very close in 2028about 30,000 miles
from usbut it probably wont hit.
Asteroid Strikes Possible
I n 2002, an asteroid entered our atmosphere and
exploded over the sea near Greece. A nother was
seen falling toward East Africa in 2008, but no
explosion was reported. Hundreds of tiny space
rocks enter our atmosphere every day and cause
no damage. However, small asteroid strikes are
quite common. Bigger ones sometimes happen,
too. Most scientists agree that an asteroid struck
near Mexico millions of years ago. Its effects
probably killed off most of the dinosaurs. More
recently, a big asteroid exploded over Siberia
(northeastern Russia) in 1908. This Tunguska
event destroyed vast areas of forest. Scientists
are now watching an asteroid named 1997XF11,
which has a good chance of hitting Earth in
October 2028. But people should not be too
worried. Space technology will probably be good
enough to push the asteroid away.
Agreement and disagreement
A reading and a listening passagemay agreeordisagreeabout a sub-topic.
Understand theserelationships. Test questionsmay ask youabout them.
Questionsmay ask youtoexplainhow they agree/ disagree.
2 Identifying agreement and disagreement
aud i o f i l e Listen to or read the lecture again. Then read the article about asteroids again.
Next to each idea, write A if the listening and reading agree. Write D if they disagree.
1.
2.
3.
Asteroid collisions with Earth are common.
Asteroids that strike Earth can cause great damage.
A 2028 asteroid is likely to hit Earth unless pushed away.
22 Spotlight onTesting Unit 11
Strategies for taking the: C E O S B E S t ; C E H 3 Z 5 }
3 Analyzing agreement and disagreement
audi o f i l e 41 Listen to or read the lecture. Then read the article. Write L (lecture), A (article), or B
(both) on the line provided to show where the information can be found.
1. ___ Sasquatch really exists. 3.____ Sasquatch looks like a large human.
2 . ___ Most sasquatch sightings are in the 4. ____ Sasquatch populations could not survive
northwestern U.S. in the places where they have been seen.
Lecture: Sasquatch
L ets be clear about one thing: There is no such animal as sasquatch, or bigfoot, or the yeti. These names
are all used to describe an animal that looks like a 10-foot-tall, hairy person. He or it has been reported
around the world, from I ndonesia to Scotland to America. Most of the sightings have been in the Pacific
Northwest region of the United States, which is why the American I ndian word sasquatch is often used.
Nearly all scientists believe sasquatch could not exist. Most sasquatch sightings are in cold and rocky
places, without enough food for really big animals. Almost every sasquatch sighting has been proved to be
a trick or hoax. For example, a film from 1967 supposedly showed a sasquatch walking. Decades later, a
man admitted dressing up in a hairy suit so his friends could make the film.
Human or not?
Mysterious creatures live in wild places all
around the world, from Asia to Europe to North
America. They go by many names, such as bigfoot,
sasquatch, and yeti. Many believable reports show
that they really do exist. For example, a film made
by some hikers in 1967 gives solid proof. The
big question is, is sasquatch a human, or a wild
animal? His appearance is very human. He walks
on two feet, and his arms, legs, and torso look
human. The northwestern United States is the
world center for sasquatch sightings. This area has
pleasant weather, and the forests contain plenty of
food. The area is so wild that a large population of
sasquatch could easily stay out of sight.
aud i o f i l e 41 Read or listen to the sasquatch lecture again. Then read the article again.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Other names for sasquatch are bigfoot and yeti.
Sasquatch has often been seen in cities and
towns.
The lecture says most people claiming to see
sasquatch are lying.
The article says sasquatch cannot find enough
food in the northwest forests.
If a test questiongives
youtwosources, comparethem
First, find theshared topics. Look for
repeated wordsorsynonyms. Then, for
each shared topic, find whetherthe
sourcesagreeordisagree.
5 Skills in review
Look at Exercise 8 (about worries) on page 61 of the Workbook.
Are you worried about asteroids or sasquatch? Explain.
Spotlight onTesting Unit 11 T.
Uni t 12 Pr on ou n s
Pronouns and what they refer to
A pronoun {he, they, etc.) referstoa noun. InthesentenceI had a car but I sold
it, thepronounit referstocar. Many testsask youtoidentify thenounthat a
pronounrefersto.
1 Identifying what pronouns refer to
a u d i o f i l e 41 Listen to or read the conversation. Circle the word or phrase that each pronoun
refers to.
1. Line 4it
2. Line 8they
3. Line 11they
money management financial advisor business
dad office people
houses friends business
Line 14them high places high ladders dangerous work
1) Valerie So, your dad owns a business? 9)
2) Mark Yeah. Hes a financial advisor. He
helps people manage their money.
10)
3) Valerie Thats interesting. Do you want
to be a financial advisor, too?
ID
4) Mark I dont know. Money management
is OK, and I m good at it, I think. 12)
5) Valerie Y our dad probably wants you
to take over the business. 13)
6) Mark Yeah, I think thats true.
7) Valerie You dont sound very excited
about working for your dad.
14)
8) Mark I like his office and the people
there. They are a lot of fun.
But this summer Id like to
try something different.
What are your choices?
Actually, some friends have
talked about setting up a
business painting houses.
They want you to be part of that?
Are you sure you want to?
Dont sound so negative.
I ts a great opportunity.
But setting up a business costs
money. Youre up on high ladders
and... it sounds dangerous.
High places dont scare me.
I n fact, I kind of like them.
Pronouns referring to whole ideas
Somepronounsespecially this, that, and itcanrefertoa wholeidea. The
idea isusually found inoneormorephrasesorsentencesbeforethepronoun.
Test questionsmay ask youtounderstand and identify theseideas.
2 Matching pronouns with whole ideas
aud io file 41 Listen to or read the conversation again. Match an idea with an underlined
pronoun. Write the letter.
1.___ Yeah, 1 think thatstrue. (Line6) a. painting houses
2. They want youtobepart of that?
b. setting up a business
(Line11)
c. that hisdad wantshim totakeover
3. ... it soundsdangerous. (Line13)
3 Practice with pronouns and whole ideas
Read the article. Check ( /) the best answer to each question.
1. What did some Detroiters see as an opportunity?
that a lot of empty spaces appeared that the city lost many jobs
2. What has helped bring life and color back to neighborhoods?
the gardens and the animals broken windows and burned houses
3. What has brought people out of their houses?
city officials safer neighborhoods
Making the Best of It
The city of Detroit is in bad shape. Once, car-
making companies gave jobs to thousands of
Detroiters. Now, a lot of the jobs are gone. This
has caused many people to move away, leaving
empty houses behind. The city tore hundreds of
them down because they were dangerous. I n many
neighborhoods, that has left a lot of empty spaces
where houses used to be.
Some thoughtful Detroiters saw this as an
opportunity. They dreamed of using the empty
lots to grow foodfarms in the city. They set up a
community organization, called Urban Farming,
to help make this a reality. I nstead of weeds and
rocks, empty spaces are now filled with gardens.
Vegetables like tomatoes, corn, and lettuce are
everywhere. Beds of flowers grow where broken
windows and burned houses used to be. Birds,
bees, and butterflies visit the gardens. This all
helps bring life and color to neighborhoods that
once looked dead.
City officials welcome the change. Crime has
decreased. Dangerous neighborhoods are now
safe. This has brought people out of their houses
and back into contact with their neighbors. I n
some places, new people are moving into the city.
For Detroit, getting more people in is a very nice
change.
Read the article again. Write T for true or F for false.
1. ___ Car companies now have more jobs for Detroiters.
2 . ___ There are empty spaces because criminals
3. ___ The group Urban Farming helps set up
gardens in the city.
4 . ___ Gardens have helped bring new people
into Detroit.
5 Skills in review
Look at exercise on page 64 of the Workbook.
Write a similar e-mail about visiting the gardens
of Detroit. Use pronouns correctly
tore houses down.
Sometest questionsask for
thebest pronountofill a blank. Choose
correctly betweensingularpronouns(it, this,
etc.) and plural pronouns(they, these, etc.).
Rememberthat somepronouns-/ ?e, she,
etc.-refer only topeople, not things.
An swer Key
Unit 1 (pp. 2-3)
1 Finding a topic Check 2
2 Finding main ideas Group A
3 Choosing topics Check 2
4 Check your understanding a. 4; b. 3; c. 5; d. 2
5 Skills in review Answers will vary.
Unit 2 (pp. 4-5)
1 Describing lifestyles with the present simple 1. b; 2. d; 3. c; 4. a
2 Recognizing present simple verbs 1. put; 2. put; 3. falls, learn, love
3 Helping a conversation continue Oh, really; Uh-huh; Yeah; Really; Right; I m sure
4 Check your understanding 1. T; 2. F; 3. F; 4. T
Unit 3 (pp. 6-7)
1 Predicting what will happen Check 2
2 Listening for causes 1. a; 2. b; 3. a
3 Practice finding causes 1. d; 2. a; 3. b; 4. c
4 Check your understanding 1. F; 2. T; 3. F; 4. T
Unit 4 (pp. 8-9)
1 All or some? 1. line at 100%; 2. line near 20%; 3. line near 70%; 4. line at 100%
2 More practice with amounts l .P;2. A; 3. P
3 How much does it cost? 1. exactly $263.12; 2. approximate $100 and $400; 3. exactly 99 cents
4 Check your understanding 1. F; 2. T; 3. T; 4. F
Unit 5 (pp. 10-11)
1 A speakers or writers purpose 1. b; 2. a; 3. a
2 Vocabulary: Synonyms 1. enjoy; 2. aim; 3. get ready
3 Finding synonyms 1. a; 2. b; 3. c
4 Choosing main ideas 1. F; 2. T; 3. T; 4. T
Unit 6 (pp. 12-13)
1 Finding ideas to focus on 1. b; 2. c; 3. a
2 Practice speaking Answers will vary.
3 Recognizing antonyms 1. empty; 2. rainier; 3. common
4 Check your understanding 1. T; 2. T; 3. T; 4. F
26 Spotlight onTesting AnswerKey

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SECOND EDI TI ON

John and Liz Soars

Regular past verbs

3. Why is his face red?

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