Pak Studies Lec-37,38

REVIEW

Pakistani Society

INDIA PAKISTAN RELATIONS

1) The conflict started with the advent of Islam in sub continent. But the basic political conflict in between
Muslims and Hindus start from the creation of Muslim league and Congress.
2) After August, 1947, those conflicts will still remains. And due this, three basic wars were held in between
two countries. According to Lard lzmay, India has bent upon to destroy Pakistan. Every try was made to
kill the newly born state of Pakistan. Lord Mount Baton stated that partition is the first step towards
unification.
3) The origin reason of India to harm Pakistan is
1. India was once upon was a great power and a great civilization Morean period 300-500 BC. It
extended from Ganges valley to Hindu Kush(Kabul). Gupta period 300-500 AD. It extends from
Ganges to State of Malaka.
2. The era of golden civilization, knowledge of Indians are
 Mathematics was a very strong field of Hindus.
 Astronomy was again very vital knowledge is in that era.
 The field of philosophy , Hindus were great in these fields
 They were political and military power.
3. The Indians want revival of that golden period of Hindu Domination. If the glory is to be revived,
India should have domination from State of Malaka to the Hindu Kush range including Arabian
Sea and Bay of Bengal. It is their dream.
4) In spite of the all the efforts of Hindus and British, the sub continent was partition. Hindus think Pakistan is
the only hurdle in fulfilling their national dream.
 They cannot get domination on Afghanistan.
5) Their policy was dominated greatly by the thought this hurdle to be removed. The main root is the
mentality of Hindus they want a weak Pakistan so that they can fulfill their National Dream of United India
(Akhand Bharat). Their wish to dominate the area.
6) The book Indian Ocean by Peniker, he stated that India have to take control of Indian Ocean and Bay of
Bengal. The Indian Govt is fulfilling this idea.
7) India is building a huge base in Indimen Islands (3rd Base). In Tsunami, these islands were affected, but no
rehabilitation activities were allowed.
8) As long as the Indian continue to have this desire, there cannot be any improvement in Pak-India relations.
9) Immediate after partition two things happen
o India used brute force to handle the issue of Hyderabad Deccan. 12th September, 1948 India
moved its troops into Hyderabad Deccan.
o Forces also moved into Kashmir but resistance was there due to help of Pakistan.
10) In 1949, India devalued its currency. Same was asked from Pakistan. But Pakistan refused. India halted
trade with Pakistan. It resulted in the complete collapse of our system.
11) We first time negotiated with China in order to get rid of Indian pressure. We survived the situation, a big
setback for India.
12) India moved its forces on the name of exercise on our Eastern border. India thought they will put Pakistan
under pressure to admit their submission. Surprisingly Pakistan resisted, and Liaquat Ali khan threatened
severe consequences to India on crossing Pakistani soil. Due to this India withdrawn its army.
13) The relations become normal during 1953-59. In the mean time Pakistan joined Defense Pacts with
America.
14) In 1962, India has border dispute with China, McMahon line was there between India and China. China
refused to accept this line. In 1962 India send its armed forces into the disputed area. Their mentality is to
solve the problems through force. The Chinese retaliated and gave thrashing to India up to such extent that
they have asked USA in the issue. NEFA (North Eastern Federal Administrated) areas.
15) Pakistan should have taken advantage from the situation as the mountain Division was withdrawn from
Kashmir and send NEFA. Pakistan could have used force and could have taken Kashmir into our hands but
USA intervened. USA gave guaranteed Pakistan that if they do not enter Kashmir they will force India to
resolve the issues according to the wishes of Pakistan.
16) 1965, Darga Hazrat Bal in Srinagar, the Hair of Hazrat Muhammad was lost from there. It resulted in mass
movement in Kashmir. At this time, a scheme was presented by Z.A Bhuttto, Gen Akhtar Ali Malik, and
Aziz Ahmad and a scheme was given by Bhutto.
o The scheme was to send to commandos to Kashmir in order to help Kashmiris to revolt against
India so that later on Pakistan should move its army into Kashmir and can get hold of it.
17) Ayub Khan was reluctant, but Z.A Bhutto persuaded him for this action. So Operation Gibraltar was
designed for the purpose. It was very ill planned. They were not properly trained. Kashmiris were not taken
into confidence; commandos were not given local support. The scheme was failed miserably due to lack of
planning.
18) The next plan made by the three was if we attack from Sialkot and get hold of Akhnur. The supply line will
be cut off and the Indians will be forced to accept Pakistan’s demand. The argument rose that if border is
crossed India will impose a war against us. The answer was that the Sialkot was Cease Fire Line and not
the international Border.
19) Pakistani forces crossed Sialkot and get hold of Chumb Jorian sector. It was a big success, the command
was changed, and Yayha Khan replaced Akhtar Ali Khan and forces were stopped to advance till 24 hours.
No one knows who given this order.
20) India got time and counter attack was launched by India in Lahore and Sialkot sector. India attacked in
Rajhistan, Lahore and Sialkot using Armor Division. The strategy was to cut Pakistan into two halves, so
that Pakistan should admit their submission. They were very sure about their success. BBC broke news that
Lahore has been captured by the Indians. Later on the news was rejected by BBC.
21) The war started and lasted for about 17 days. No win no loss war. In certain areas Pakistan penetrated and
in certain areas India penetrated. Chowinda sector Sialkot witnessed the largest war of tanks after 2nd
World war.
22) Pakistan Air Force unlike the conventional air strikes took full participation in the war and was responsible
for fatal lose to India in the sector. Pakistan Navy performed a miracle in 1965. There were total 9 warships
owned by Pakistan Navy at that time. One of them was out f order. They destroyed Dawarka Base. Pakistan
was able to destroy Indian armor division. Chowinda became the graveyard of Indian Armor.PAF played
its part in the defeat of India.
23) Cease fire took place after 17 days, on 23rd September 1965. It was decided that the two leaders Shastri
and Ayub Khan in Tashkand. A peace agreement was signed known as Tashkand Agreement.
24) What was the rationale to create a situation to give India an opportunity to attack Pakistan and General K M
Arif, the Field Reports of 1965 were missing from General Head Quarters. Nobody knows about that.
25) Our economy collapsed after 1965, all the parameters of development moved down. Kashmir issue stayed
there but proved disastrous to our economy.
26) CNC of Pakistan army General Musa opposed both the adventures. PAF was not taken into consideration in
the initial stages.