Microscope

 A microscope is an instrument used to magnify small size

things which cannot be seen by eye directly.
 Some light microscopes have one viewing lens (monocular) and
some have two viewing lenses (binocular).

A. Identifying The Parts Of A Microscope

 Parts of a microscope :

 A microscope consists of an optical parts, incorporating the

lens which ma-kes the projection of body image in our eye
and non-optical parts (mecha-nical), such as the stand,
rotator, and desk which support the optical parts.
1. Optical Parts Of Microscope
 The optical parts of a microscope consist of :
a. Ocular Lens
Ocular lens is the lens near the observer on the place
where our eyes can see the image, it functions to enlarge
the image from the objective
 lens and make illusory image that is upright, and
magnified.
b. Objective Lens
Objective lens is the lens near the object, it functions to
magnify the image of the body (preparation), make a real
image that is reversed, and magnified.
c. Diaphragm
Diaphragm has a function to regulate the amount of light
to the con-densor.
d. Mirror
The mirror functions to reflect light from a light source to
the conden-ser. It consists of flat mirror and concave
mirror. The flat mirror is used if the light source is bright
enough while the concave mirror is used if the light
source is not so bright.
1. Non-Optical (Mechanical) Parts Of Microscope
The non-optical (mechanical) parts of a microscope consists
of :
a. Microscope Body
The body of microscope is a tube which can be shifted up
and down, and it function to regulate the focus linking the
ocular lense to the objective lense.
b. Macrometer (Coarse Rotator)
The macrometer functions to quickly move the microscope
body up and down.
c. Micrometer (Fine Rotator)
The micrometer functions to slowly move the microscope
body up and down.
d. Arm of Microscope
The arm of microscope can be set in vertical or horizontal
position because it is equipped with a hinge between the
base and arm. The arm also func-tions as a handgrip while
moving the microscope.
e. Object Desk
The object desk functions as a place to put on the object
(preparation) to
be observed. The object is put on the desk and gripped with
a clamp.
f. Condenser Rotator
The condenser rotator functions to move the condenser up
and down in order to obtain optimum light.
g. Microscope Stand
The microscope stand is shaped like a horseshoe and
functions to support and hold the microscope firmly in
position.
h. Condenser
The condenser is composed of combined lenses, it functions
to collect the light from the mirror which is used to light the
preparation.
i. Clamp
The clamp functions to hold the preparation glass to
observed to prevent a slide.