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Foramen ovale
Carotid
Foramen spinosum sulcus
& Carotid
canal
Trigeminal Petrous part of
impression temporal bone
Tegmen
Arcuatetympani
Dorsum sellae
eminence
Internal aspect of cranial base 颅底内面
Temporal fossa 颞窝
Pterion 翼点 The weakest
site of the calvaria
Infratemporal fossa 颞下
窝 ↑
→Pterygomaxillary fissure 翼上颌裂
Pterygo- →Foramen rotundum 圆孔 Middle cranial fossa 颅中窝
palatine →Inferior orbital fissure 眶下裂 Orbit 眶
Fossa
翼腭窝 →Sphenopalatine foramen 蝶腭孔 Nasal cavity 鼻腔
→Greater palatine foramina 腭大孔 Oral cavity 口腔
Temporomandibular joint 颞下颌关节
Mandibular fossa 下颌窝 + Articular tubercle
Composition Articular
关节结节 disc 关节盘
Head of mandible 下颌头
Depression ↔ elevation: Open ↔ close mouth
Movements Protrusion ↔ retrusion & lateral movements Bite & Chew
Anterior aspect Frontal tubers
of Skull 颅的前面
1. Important Landmarks
Frontal tubers 额结节
Zygomatic arches 颧弓
Angles of mandible 下颌角
Mental protuberance 颏隆凸
2. The Orbit 眶
Supraorbital margin Supraorbital notch
Outlet 眶上缘
眶口 眶上切迹
Infraorbital margin Infraorbital foramen
Apex : Optic canal眶下缘 Middle cranial fossa
尖 眶下孔
视神经管 颅中窝
Roof 上壁 : Lacrimal fossa 泪腺 Inferior Fossa for
orbital lacrimal sac
窝 fissure
Superior orbital fissure 眶上裂
Lateral wall 外侧壁
Inferior orbital fissure → Pterygopalatine fossa
眶下裂
翼腭窝
Floor: Infraorbital → Infraorbital → Infraorbital
下壁 groove 眶下沟 canal 眶下管
foramen 眶下孔
Medial wall: Fossa of lacrimal→Nasolacrimal→Nasal cavity
内侧壁 sac 泪囊窝 canal 鼻泪管
鼻腔
Anterior Aspect of Skull 颅的前面 Spheno- Sphenopalati
ethmoidal ne Foramen
Recess
3. The bony nasal cavity 骨性鼻腔
Openings Piriform aperture 梨状孔
Posterior nasal apertures 鼻后孔
Nasal septum: Perpendicular plate + vomer
鼻中隔 of ethmoid 筛骨垂直板 犁骨
Floor 底 : Bony palate 骨腭
Roof: Cribriform Cribriform → Anterior cranial
上壁 plate 筛板 foramina 筛孔 fossa 颅前窝
Lateral wall 外侧壁 Sphenoethmoidal recess 蝶筛隐
窝
Superior nasal concha 上鼻甲 Sphenopalatine
Superior nasal meatus 上鼻道 Foramen 蝶腭孔
Middle nasal concha 中鼻甲
Middle nasal meatus 中鼻道
Inferior nasal concha 下鼻甲
Inferior nasal meatus 下鼻道
Nasolacrimal canal 鼻泪管
Nasal septum
Anterior Aspect of Skull 颅的前面
4. Paranasal sinuses 鼻旁窦
Air-filled cavities inside the cranial bones
surrounding the nasal cavity Ethmoidal sinus
Frontal sinus 额窦
Maxillary sinus 上颌窦 Middle nasal
Ethmoidal sinuses 筛窦 meatus 中鼻道
Anterior group 前群
Middle group 中群 Sphenoethmoidal
Posterior group 后群 Superior nasal meatus 上鼻道 recess